Easy opening packaging article made from heat-shrinkable film exhibiting directional tear.

(54) Title: EASY OPENING PACKAGING ITEM MADE OF THERMALLY SHRINKABLE FILM THAT EXHIBITS DIRECTIONAL RIP.

(54) Title: EASY OPENING PACKAGING ARTICLE MADE FROM HEAT-SHRINKABLE FILM EXHIBITING DIRECTIONAL TEAR.

(57) Summary

A heat shrink packaging item has one or more tear initiators to initiate a manual tear that can propagate to open a package and allow a product to be easily removed from it, without the use of a knife or scissors or any other implement. Tear initiators are present on a skirt and / or protrusion of the article. The skirt and / or projection has a first side and a second side. In one embodiment, some or all of the first side of the skirt and / or protrusion may be heat hardened to reduce shrinkage and curl of the skirt and / or protrusion. This improves the identification and utilization of tear initiators by a consumer during shrinkage of the packaged article around the product. In another embodiment, the skirt and / or protrusion has a plurality of pairs of tear initiators to allow portions of the package to be torn to expose a portion of the product that can then be sliced ​​off while the rest of the packaged product remains covered by a remainder of the film.

(57) Abstract

A heat-shrinkable packaging article has one or more tear initiators for niating a manual tear that can be propagated to open a package and allow a product to be readily removed therefrom, without the use of a knife or scissors or any other mplement. The tear Initiators are present in a skirt and / or header of the article. The skirt and / or header has a first side and a second side. In one embodiment, some or all of the first side of the skirt and / or header can be heatset in order to reduce the shrink and curling of the skirt and / or header. This improves identification and utilization of the tear initiators by a consumer upon shrinking the packaging article around the product. In another embodiment, the skirt and / or header has a plurality of pairs of tear initiators to allow portions of the package to be torn off to expose a portion of the product that can then be sliced ​​off while the remainder of the packaged product remains covered by a remainder of the film.

iMPi ς

PATENT TITLE No. 359274

Headlines):

CRYOVAC, INC.

Home:

Post Office Box 464, 100 Rogers Bridge Rd., Duncan, South Carolina, 29334, USA

Denomination:

EASY OPENING PACKAGING ITEM MADE OF THERMALLY SHRINKABLE FILM THAT EXHIBITS DIRECTIONAL RIP.

Classification:

Inventor (s):

B3 £ B27 / 34; B65D75 / 00

706 ;, B32B1 / 01; ^? É © 267 / Í2¡ ^ 32627/08, B32B27 / 20; B32B27 / 30;

! 7702; \ BÍ32É27 / 34; B32B27 / 36; 8 ^ 75 ^ 58; B65D75 / 5805; B32B2250 / 05;

B2307 / 31; B32B2307 / 54; B32B2307 / 518; 7/736; B32B2307 / 746; B32B2307 / 748;

ÍWI; -ΧΤξΡΗΕΝ COMPTON; SUMITA. tf '^ ALKER STOCKLEY; SCOTT

CIP: B65D75 / 58; | 32B2í / (CPC: B32B7 / Q6 ;,

B32B2 ',, .....

B32 & 2264/10; B32B227

BS2B2307 / 558; B32B¿á $ i

Β32Β2307 / 72ΦΙ · P> 2E »<DIANA hWRTA; ^ W3 ^ T> ^ WGAN ^ AN ^ J ^ iCWKk». BÓSSONd (RICfk ^ D WWQN

B3 £ B27 / 34; B65D75 / 00

<img file="MX359274B_D0001.tif" />

II

Number:

MX / a / 2011/005178 'and í i S)' International:

¹ '. &lt;“$. . · 2 (&gt; &lt;1β_ΎΝί ^ / ΐβπιΙ «9 &lt;1ρ2009

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r 'PRIORITY

Date:

November 2008 May $ Q09

- ^ de-2029?

θ of ¿6 * 18 '&lt;.

Validity: Twenty years

Expiration Date: November 20&gt; »£ de = &lt;2029 * | f Issue Date: September 21, ¿6 ^ 8 '

Number:

12/313,396

PCT / US2009 / 003023

The patent of reference to and granted based on fixed articles Τ ', 2? fracatén V, é »Ifl fraction, Ό de ci» and · Industrial Property.

In accordance with article 23 of the Industrial Property Law, the patent is valid for twenty years, non-extendable, counted from the date of filing of twolictói ttjemaelqrsly subject subject to the Mfápikra npntfneréfg ^ rtléfc rights.

Who subscribes the present title&gt; or makes cofff Wndgmen | g enjp dispbetee ^ py¿Lafifi &lt;M®ós 6^or ¡Paoeiones11l '&gt;' ^ⁱ7^&lt;i&lt;i&gt; i »^{* i}9 of the Industrial Property Law (Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF f «aiMdael 02/0% 1994. 26/12 * 1997, 05/17/1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/2005,

01/25/2006, 05/06/2009, 01/06/2010, Ιβ / Οδ / ΣΟΙΘί / Μί ^^ ΙΟ ^ ΜΚ ^ ΛοΛΜ ^ ξ ^ β ^^^ 03/13/2018); items 1^or, 3rd section V subsection a), 4th and 12th sections I and III of the Regulations of the lnstitutO4fflg | dÍáW&gt; ^ e7^t,^ V^lW^to^^l)&gt; i4i ™ Mrfl ^ £ * -4ó / 12/1999, amended on 07/01/2002, 07/15/2004, 07/28/2004 and 09/07/2007); articles 1, 3^or, 4th, 5th fraction V subsection afrélgjWac &amp; enes I ytfrytfo of the Organic Statute of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (DOF, 12/27/1999, amended on 10/10/2002, 2®07 &lt;002 © Λ4 / Β8 / 2004 and 09/13/2007); 1st. 3 'and 5 ° subsection a) of the Agreement that delegates powers to the Deputy Directors General, Coordinator, Divisional Directors, Holders of the Regional Offices, Divisional Deputy Directors, Departmental Coordinators and other subordinates of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property. (DOF 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000, 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007).

This letter is signed with an advanced electronic signature (FIEL), based on articles 7 BIS 2 of the Industrial Property Law; 3rd of its Regulations, and 1 fraction III, 2 fraction V, 26 BIS and 26 TER of the Agreement establishing the guidelines for the use of the Electronic Payment and Services Portal (PASE) of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property, in the procedures indicated.

THE DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS

NAHANNY CANAL REYES

<img file="MX359274B_D0003.tif" />

Original string:

NAHANNY MARISOL CANAL REYES | 00001000000403252793 | Administration Service

Tax | 1695 || MX / 2018/80993 | MX / a / 2011/005178 | PCT patent title | 1223 | GAGV | Page (s) | FmbRi1 u0o + ZaVG4b1XZj4KpE¡5Q =

Digital stamp:

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<img file="MX359274B_D0004.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0005.tif" />

IMPI n * »HWTOM» ICAND

OE LZ FROPIEDA »

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0006.tif" />

EASY OPENING PACKAGING ITEM MADE OF THERMALLY SHRINKABLE FILM EXHIBITING DIRECTIONAL RIPPING

This application claims the benefit of the provisional application USSN 12 / 133,396, filed on November 20, 2008, and PCT / US2009 / 003023 application filed on May 15, 2009, each of which is incorporated, in its entirety, by reference to them.

Countryside

The present invention pertains to heat shrinkable packaging articles, which are easy to open, particularly packaging articles for food packaging end use.

Background

For several decades, thermally shrinkable packaging articles have been used for the packaging of a variety of products. Food, particularly meat, has been vacuum packed in such packaging items. Over the years, these thermally shrinkable packaging items have developed superior impact resistance and higher seal strength, while simultaneously becoming easier to seal, having improved oxygen and moisture barrier properties, and having free shrink total higher at lower temperatures.

High seal resistance and puncture resistance

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY high impact resistance

<img file="MX359274B_D0007.tif" />

high are particularly important for the packaging of fresh meat products, as leaky packaging is less desirable to consumers and retailers alike. In addition, leaky packages reduce shelf life by allowing atmospheric oxygen and microbes to enter the package.

As a result, packaging items used for food packaging, particularly meat packaging, have evolved to be quite strong, and therefore difficult to open. Typically, knives and scissors are used to open packaging items that have been evacuated, sealed around, and shrunk against the food product in the packaging. Using knives and scissors to open these sturdy packaging items increases the risk of harm to consumers and retailers. In addition, opening such a resistance packaging requires more time and effort due to the toughness of the shrunk packaging article. For many years, the market has desired a robust, heat shrinkable packaging item that can be opened quickly and easily, without the need for knives and scissors, so that the product can be easily removed from the packaging item.

<img file="MX359274B_D0008.tif" />

The dc heat shrinkable packaging item - la

Compendium

<img file="MX359274B_D0009.tif" />

The invention has tear initiators for manually initiating a manual tear that opens the packaging article and allows the product to be easily removed from the torn packaging article, without the use of a knife or scissors or any other implement. A first aspect is directed to a heat shrinkable packaging article comprising a heat shrinkable multilayer film having an internal seal layer self-sealing in a heat seal. The packaging article further comprises a first side, a second side, and a skirt or protrusion outward of the heat seal. The skirt or shoulder comprises an article edge and a first tear initiator. The first rip starter is on the first side of the article. The article skirt or boss further comprises a second tear initiator on the second side of the article. The article is capable of having a first manually initiated tear, manually propagated on the first side, and a second manually initiated and manually propagated tear on the second side, with the first tear and the second tear each being capable of being propagated in one machine address from

to.

IMPIg tear initiators respective primei ^ y ^D sealed each tear being propagated through the heat seal and down the length of the article, or through the article, with each tear being capable of being manually propagated through an opposite article edge, so that when using the film multi-layered to make a packaged product by providing a product within the article with the article being sealed around the product so that a package is formed, and then shrink the film around the product, the resulting packaging can be manually opened and the product easily removed from the article, manually initiating machine-directed tears from the first and second tear initiators, with the tears being manually propagated through the seal and towards the opposite edge of the article. The multilayer film exhibits a Peak Load Impact Strength of at least 50 Newtons per thousandth measure using ASTM D 3763-95^to. The multilayer film has at least one layer containing at least one incompatible polymer blend selected from the group consisting of: (A) a 90 to 30 weight percent blend of ethylene homopolymer and / or ethylene copolymer / alpha-olefin with de · * «!

<img file="MX359274B_D0010.tif" />

to 70 percent by weight unsaturated ester copolymer of at least 10 percent a mixture of ionomer resin with ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer, and / 9 polybutadiene, and / or propylene homopolymer and / or propylene copolymer.

(C) a mixture of homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer with recycled polymer blend comprising ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene copolymer, k polyamide, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, resin of ionomer, anhydride / alpha-olefin modified ethylene copolymer, and antiblocking agent; (D) a mixture of ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer with polypropylene and / or propylene / ethylene copolymer, and / or polybutylene, and / or modified ethylene / alpha olefin copolymer, and / or styrene homopolymer, and / or copolymer styrene / bitadiene;

(E) a mixture of ethylene / norbornene copolymer with ethylene / unsaturated ester and / or polypropylene and / or polybutylene copolymer; (F) a mixture of ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer with polypropylene and / or polybutylene and / or ethylene / nornornene;

(G) a mixture of homogeneous propylene homopolymer and / or

<img file="MX359274B_D0011.tif" />

homogeneous propylene copolymer düfl UUpllllieiu — ethylene / alpha-olefin homogeneous and / or ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer;

(H) a mixture of propylene homopolymer and / or propylene / ethylene and / or polybutylene copolymer with ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer and / or ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer and / or ethylene / butyl acry81ate copolymer;

(I) a mixture of polyamide with polystyrene and / or ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and / or ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or styrene / butadiene copolymer; and (J) a blend of polyamide 6 and polyamide 616T.

In one embodiment, the packaging article can be torn in the machine direction after the product is placed inside the article and the atmosphere evacuated from the packaging article before the article is sealed around the product and the film to then shrunk around the product.

A second aspect is directed to a thermally shrinkable packaging article as in the first aspect, except that instead of the multilayer, thermally shrinkable film having at least one layer containing an incompatible polymer blend, at least rX

IMPI jNjnrvro Mexican OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX359274B_D0012.tif" />

a layer of the multi-dappa film contains (Hf at least one member selected from the group consisting of ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer, polypropylene, propylene / ethylene copolymer, polybutylene, polystyrene-7-betadiene copolymer, ionomer resin, ethylene copolymer / vinyl acetate, ethylene / butylacrylate copolymer, ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer, polyester, and polyamide, and (} b) an inorganic filler selected from the group consisting of silicates, silica, siloxane, silicone resin, zinc sulfide, wollastonite, microspheres, fiberglass, metal oxide, calcium carbonate, sulfate, aluminum trihydrate, feldspar , perlite, gypsum, iron, fluoropolymer, crosslinked polymethylmethacrylate, talc, diatomaceous earth, zeolites, mica, kaolin, carbon black, and graphite. The inorganic filler is present in the at least one layer in an amount of at least 5 weight percent, based on the layer weight.

A third aspect is directed to a heat shrinkable packaging article as in the first aspect, except that instead of at least one of the layers of film comprising an incompatible polymer blend, at least one of the one layer of multiple film

<img file="MX359274B_D0013.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUÍ · MEXICANO DE LA WOPIEBAD INDUSTRIAL layers comprises a polymer having a m &lt;5dtrlO''de --- Young-de ---— at least 5,608 comprising at least one pol + imero selected from the group consisting of high-density polyethylene , ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene copolymer, ethylene / norbornene copolymer, polycarbonate, and polyester.

A fourth aspect is directed to a plurality of heat shrink bags in a continuous strip. Each of the bags is connected to an adjacent bag along a weakened rip line. Each bag is a packaging item in accordance with the aspects, first, second and third above.

A fifth aspect is aimed at a process to make an easy packed April product. The process comprises (A) inserting a product into a flat lay packaging article having at least one layer comprising an incompatible polymer blend according to the first aspect or an inorganic filler according to the second aspect or a modulus polymer elevated in accordance with the third aspect; (B) sealing the sealed packaging article with at least a heat seal, thereby forming a packaged product in which the article of

<img file="MX359274B_D0014.tif" />

packaging surrounds or substantially surrounds the product, with the packaging article having at least a protruding portion between the at least one heat seal and at least one edge of the packaging; (C) making a first tear initiator at a first location of the packaging article that is, or subsequently becomes, the protrusion portion of a first side of the packaging article, and a second tear initiator at a second location of the packaging item that is, or subsequently becomes, the protruding portion of a second side of the packaging item

<td>packaging in</td><td colspan="2">where</td><td>the first</td><td>side</td><td>from the article</td><td>of</td><td>packing</td>

<td>corresponds</td><td>with</td><td>the</td><td>first side</td><td>of</td><td>laying flat</td><td>of the</td><td>Article</td>

<td>packing,</td><td>and</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">second side</td><td>from the article</td><td>of</td><td>packing</td>

<td>corresponds</td><td>with</td><td>the</td><td>second side</td><td>of</td><td>laying flat</td><td>of the</td><td>Article</td>

packaging, and (D) heating the thermally shrinkable film to shrink the packaging around the product. Thermally shrinkable multilayer film exhibits Peak Load Impact Strength, determined using ASTM D 3763-95^to, of at least 50 Newtons per thousandth of a millimeter. While this process can be carried out using a packaging item that is a bag or sack, it can also be carried out using a flat lay pipe that is seamless or sewn on the back, where the product is

<img file="MX359274B_D0015.tif" />

inserted into the pipe, a first heat seal is made through the pipe at a first end of the product second heat seal is made through the pipe at a second end of the product.

A sixth aspect is directed to a process of making a package and manually opening the package, which comprises: (A) placing a product within a heat shrinkable packaging article in accordance with the first, second, or third aspects above; (B) sealing the sealed bag so that a package is formed; (C) shrink the film around the product; and (D) manually start and manually propagate a first tear on the first side of the package, and a second tear on the second side of the package, the first tear and the second tear each being manually propagated from the first and second tear initiators. respective, with each tear being manually propagated through the heat seal and through the package, or down the length of the bag, with the first and second tears being manually propagated to an opposite edge of the packaging item, so that the product can be easily removed from the packaging.

In one embodiment, the atmosphere is evacuated from

IMPIO »Mexican wmrvro Ws * L · WLAHWIEDAI) '^λYour INDUSTRIAL packaging item before the packaging item is sealed by seal with the product in it. The packaging item used in the process is a packaging item in accordance with the first aspect and / or the second aspect and / or the third aspect above.

A seventh aspect is directed to a heat shrinkable packaging article comprising a heat shrinkable multilayer film having an internal seal layer protrusion self-sealing in a heat seal, with the article having a first side and a second side , skirt or protrusion out of the heat seal. The skirt or protrusion comprises an article edge and a plurality of pairs of tear initiators. Each pair of tear initiators having a first tear initiator and a second tear initiator, with the first tear initiator being on the first side of the article, and the second tear initiator being on the second side of the article. Each pair of tear initiators is in one location to generate a manually started, manually propagated first tear on the first side of the article, and a manually initiated and manually propagated second tear on the second side of the article. The first tear and the second tear are each machine capable of being propagated in each other. Each tear is capable of being propagated in the machine direction through the heat seal and down the length of the article, or through the article.

Each tear is capable of being manually propagated in the machine direction through and to an opposite article edge, so that when using the multilayer film to make a packaged product by providing a product within the article with the article being sealed around the product of a package is formed, and then shrink the film around the product, the resulting package can be opened manually. Ripping from one or more of the tear initiator pairs allows a portion of the package to be removed from the packaged product so that an uncovered portion of the product can be separated from the rest of the product, leaving a remainder of the package around at least one portion of the rest of the product, initiating first and second machine direction rips from at least one pair of rip initiators, with tears being propagated through the seal and to the opposite edge of the article. Multilayer film exhibits Load Impact Resistance

-I. MEXICAN INSTITUTE lá. ' DS LA MONEDAD

,. . INDUSTRIAL

Peak of at least 50 Newtons per thousandth measure using ATM D 3763-95^to. At least one layer of the multilayer film containing at least one incompatible polymer blend selected from the group set forth in the first aspect described above, which is discussed further below.

The heat shrinkable packaging item may be a flat lay side seal bag made of a seamless pipe, the side seal bag having an open top, a folded bottom edge, and first and second side seals with first and second skirts respective bag ends out of the respective first and second side seals, with the plurality of pairs of tear initiators being spaced along the first bag skirt, with each tear being able to be manually spread across the full width of the side seal bag through both side seals and through the second skirt.

In the thermally shrinkable packaging article, at least a portion of the skirt or protrusion comprising the plurality of tear initiators may be thermally attached, in order to reduce shrinkage of the skirt or protrusion during shrinkage of the film

IMPI ϊΝΤΓΓΓυΤΟ Mexican ^w deiaummcad around the product ^IHW

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, at least a portion of a first side of the skirt or protrusion may be heat sealed to the second side of the skirt or protrusion in at least one heat seal.

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the first side of the skirt or boss can be heat sealed to the second side of the skirt or boss on a plurality of knit seals.

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the first side of the skirt or shoulder can be heat sealed to the second side of the skirt or shoulder in a heat seal along an outer edge of the skirt or shoulder.

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the plurality of pairs of tear initiators can be placed at intervals of 2.54 to 7.62 cm (1 to 3 inches), at intervals of 2.54 to 5.08 cm (1 to 2 inches).

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, each of the first tear initiators may be coincident or substantially coincident with the second tear initiator with which it is paired, and each of the first tear initiators may be slit through the first side of the article, and each of the

<img file="MX359274B_D0016.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0017.tif" />

IMPI second tear initiators can subtract cleft through the second side of the article, indentations can be oriented in the machine direction.

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, each of the slits may be oriented within 20 degrees of the machine direction, or within 10 degrees of the machine direction.

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the multilayer film may have been biaxially oriented in the solid state and may have a total free shrink, as measured by ASTM D2732, of 20 percent to 105 percent at 85 ° C (185 ° F), or a total free shrink of 40 percent to 100 percent at 85 ° C (185 ° F).

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the thermally shrinkable multilayer film may exhibit a Peak Load Impact Strength, determined using ASTM D 3763-95 ', of 50 to 250 Newtons per thousandth, and the multilayer film may have a total thickness, before shrinkage of 0.038 mm to 0.127 ,,) l-5 to 5, oñs = In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the multilayer film may comprise an O barrier layer₂, and may exhibit a transmission rate of

MWICANO INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY oxygen from 1 to 2 0 cc / m² of day atmosphere a. 2j ° cv 10 0% _ of ....

RH.

In the heat shrinkable packaging article, the multilayer film may comprise: (A) a first layer which is an external food contact layer and which also serves as a seal layer, the first layer comprising a mixture of copolymer of homogeneous ethylene / alphaolefin and linear low-density polyethylene; (B) a second layer comprising a mixture of heterogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer; (C) a third layer comprising ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer; (D) a fourth layer comprising polyvinylidene chloride; € a fifth layer comprising ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer; (F) a sixth layer comprising a mixture of heterogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer; (G) a seventh layer comprising a blend of homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene. The layers can be present in the order of first / second / third / fourth / fifth / sixth / seventh.

An eighth aspect is directed to a heat shrinkable packaging article comprising a film of

MEXICAN INSTITUTE »OF THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0018.tif" />

thermal, with the article having a first side and a second side. The item has a skirt or protrusion out of the heat seal. The skirt or shoulder comprises an article edge and a pair of tear initiators, each pair of tear initiators having a first tear initiator and a second tear initiator. The first tear initiator for the pair is on the first side of the article, and the second tear initiator for the pair is on the second side of the article. The article is capable of having a manually started, manually propagated first tear on the first side of the article, and a manually initiated and manually propagated second tear on the second side of the article. The first tear and the second tear are each capable of being propagated in a machine direction from the pair of first and second tear initiators, with each tear being propagated in the machine direction through the heat seal and down the length of the article, or through the article. Each tear is capable of being manually spread in the machine direction through and to an opposite edge of the article, so that when using the multilayer film to make a packaged product

<img file="MX359274B_D0019.tif" />

of the article with the article being sealed around the product so that a package is formed, and then shrink the film around the product, the resulting package can be opened manually, and the product can be easily removed from the package, manually initiating rips in the direction machine from the first and second tear initiators, with the tears being manually propagated through the seal and to the opposite edge of the article. The multilayer film exhibits a Peak Load Impact Strength of at least 50 Newtons per 0.0254 m (thousand) measured using STM D 3763-95^to. At least one layer of the multilayer film containing at least one incompatible polymer rock selected from the group set forth in the first aspect described above, and as discussed further below. At least a portion of the skirt or protrusion is thermally hardened, so that by forming the package and shrinking the film around the product, the shrinkage and curling of the skirt or protrusion is reduced. The protrusion or skirt further comprises at least one gripping aid to assist in holding the multilayer film during manual tearing.

In the article thermally

<img file="MX359274B_D0020.tif" />

The flange or protrusion on the first side -ge- ^ can be thermally cured, and a corresponding portion of the skirt or protrusion on the second side of the article may also be thermally cured.

The heat shrinkable packaging article may be an end seal bag and the first and second tear initiators may be present on the bag skirt, and a heat seal may be present within the thermally hardened portion of the first and second sides. from the article.

In the thermally shrinkable article, the first tear initiator may be aligned on the second tear initiator, and the heat seal present within the thermally hardened portion may be a perimeter seal, and the skirt may further comprise a first grip assistant between the pair of tear initiators, and a first end of the skirt, and a second grip assistant between the pair of tear initiators and a second end of the skirt.

In the thermally shrinkable article, a first portion of a first side of the skirt or protrusion may be spot sealed to the second side of the skirt or protrusion on a

<img file="MX359274B_D0021.tif" />

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

DE LA PRONÍDAD industrial first stamp per point, and a second portion of the first tanr side ........ ¹ , · Of the skirt or projection can be sealed by point to the second side of the skirt or projection in a second seal by point.

In the thermally shrinkable article, the heat-hardened portions of the first and second sides of the skirt and boss may comprise a perimeter seal on the skirt or boss.

In the thermally shrinkable article, the first tear initiator may be aligned directly over the second tear initiator, and the skirt or shoulder may further comprise a first point seal within 2.54 cm (1 inch) of the first and second tear initiators. and a first end of the skirt, and a second point seal within 2.54 cm (1 inch) of the first and second tear initiators and a second end of the skirt or protrusion.

In the thermally shrinkable article, the protrusion or skirt may further comprise a first grip assistant between the first point seal and the first end of the protrusion or skirt, and a second grip assistant between the first and second tear initiators and a second end of the projection or skirt.

The thermally shrinkable article may be a side seal bag or pouch having a skirt that industrially comprises a plurality of pairs of first and second tear initiators, with each first tear initiator being directly aligned on the second tear initiator with which is paired.

IMPI ίΝΗΤΤίϊΤΌ MEXICANO Say LA FROHtDAD

<img file="MX359274B_D0022.tif" />

The heat shrinkable article may be a side seal pouch having a skirt comprising, for each pair of first and second tear initiators, a first point seal within 2.54 cm (1 inch) of the pair of tear initiators, the first knit seal between the pair of rip starters and a first end of the skirt, and a second knit stamp within 2.54 cm (1 inch) of the pair of rip starters, with the second stitch seal being between the pair of tear initiators and the second end of the skirt.

The thermally shrinkable article may comprise a multi-layer film having an oxygen transmission rate of at least 50 cc / m² day ambient pressure and 100% relative humidity, or at least 100 cc / m² day at ambient pressure and 100% relative humidity, or at least 150 cc / m² day at normal pressure and 100% relative humidity.

<img file="MX359274B_D0023.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0024.tif" />

The thermal packaging article comprises a multilayer film having a non-symmetrical polymeric layer arrangement.

Brief Description of Drawings

Figure 1A is a schematic of a first heat-shrinkable end seal bag in a flat lay configuration.

Figure IB is a schematic of a second heat-shrinkable end seal bag in a flat lay configuration.

Figure 1C is a detailed, enlarged view of a portion of the bag of Figure IB.

Figure ID is a detailed, enlarged view of a less desirable first embodiment of a bag otherwise corresponding to the bag of Figure IB.

Figure 1E is an enlarged, detailed view of a less desirable second embodiment of a bag otherwise corresponding to the bag of Figure IB.

Figure 1E is a detailed, enlarged view of a third less desirable embodiment of an otherwise corresponding bag with the bag of Figure IB.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an sello heat-shrinkable end seal bag¹·

Figure 3 is a schematic first bag

Figure 1.

Industrial side seal, thermally shrinkable in flat lay configuration.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of the heat shrinkable side seal bag of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a schematic of a second, heat shrinkable side seal bag in a flat lay configuration.

Figure 6A is an enlarged detailed view of the tear-starting feature of the heat-shrinkable end seal bag of Figure 1.

Figure 6B is an enlarged detailed view of an alternate tear start feature for use in an alternative, thermally shrinkable, end seal pouch.

Figure 6C is an enlarged detailed view of an alternate tear start feature for use in another alternative heat shrinkable end seal pouch.

Figure 6D is an enlarged detailed view of an alternative tear onset feature for f * Mexican INSTITUTE

OBLA PROPERTY _ industrial end seal, thermally used in another shrink bag, alternative.

Figure 6E a particularity of being used in another alternative shrink bag.

Figure 6F a peculiarity of being used in another bag

<img file="MX359274B_D0025.tif" />

is an enlarged detail view of end seal, thermally is an enlarged detail view of alternative rip start and alternative end seal, thermally shrinkable.

Figure 6G is an enlarged, detailed view of an alternate tear start feature for use in another alternative, heat shrinkable end seal pouch.

Figure 6H is a detailed, enlarged view of an alternate tear start feature for use in another alternative, heat shrinkable end seal pouch.

FIG. 61 is an enlarged, detailed view of the tear start feature of the ball of FIG. 1, with the added addition of a hand grip improver.

Figure 6J is a detailed, magnified view of

IMPI. • Mexican NSTHVTO

M LA MONEDAD ripping of l ^ Sbls the peculiarity of onset of

<img file="MX359274B_D0026.tif" />

Figure<img file="MX359274B_D0027.tif" />, with

<img file="MX359274B_D0028.tif" />

extra addition

<img file="MX359274B_D0029.tif" />

Handbook.

Figure 6K is a detailed, magnified view of the tear-on feature of the bag of Figure 1, with the added addition of another hand-grip better speaker.

Figure 6L is an enlarged, detailed view of the tear initiation feature of the bag of the

<td colspan="4">Figure 1, with the extra addition of another</td><td>grip</td>

<td>Handbook.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>The</td><td>Figures 6M,</td><td>6N, 60, 6P, 6Q,</td><td>6R, 6S, 6T,</td><td>6U, 6V,</td>

<td>6W, 6Y, 6Z,</td><td>6AA, 6BB,</td><td>6CC, 6DD, 6EE</td><td>and 6FF are</td><td>views</td>

Detailed amplifications of several alternative rip start features, some of which include a manual grip improver.

Figure 7A is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a continuous strip of bags connected by a line of grooves.

Figure 7B is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a continuous strip of bags connected by a line of grooves.

Figure 7C is a schematic view of a

<img file="MX359274B_D0030.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0031.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0032.tif" />

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

PE LA reOEiürAD INDUSTRIAL third modality of a continuous strip of bowl ^^ '- coneet-ada-s · ———- by means of a line of grooves.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the process used to make various heat shrinkable seamless film pipes exposed in several of the examples below, this pipeline below being converted into end seal and side seal pouches by heat sealing operations and cut (not illustrated).

Figure 9 is a schematic of a packaged product made from a vacuum packed meat product in a shrink end seal pouch having the tear start feature in the pouch skirt.

Figure 10 is a schematic of the packaged product of Figure 9, after the tear has started, but as the tear remains in an intermediate state, the tear proceeds down the bag film in the machine direction .

<td>The</td><td>Figure</td><td>11 is</td><td>a schematic of the</td><td>product</td>

<td>packed from</td><td colspan="2">Figures 8 and</td><td colspan="2">9, after the</td>

<td>ripping.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>The</td><td>Figure</td><td>12 is</td><td>a schematic of a</td><td>product</td>

comparative packaging exhibiting a tear character that does not allow tearing for the entire length of the bag.

<img file="MX359274B_D0033.tif" />

of

Figure 13 is a schematic alternative heat shrinkable end seal in a flat lay configuration.

Figure 14 is a schematic of an alternative heat shrinkable side seal bag in a flat lay configuration.

Figure 15 is a schematic of another alternative side seal bag in a flat lay configuration.

Figure 16 is a schematic of yet another side seal bag in a flat lay configuration.

Figure 17 is a schematic of an apparatus for carrying out the process of placing tear initiators in the protrusion region of a packaging article.

Figure 18 illustrates a schematic of an easy open package in which the easy open feature is similar to the feature in Figure 6J, but is designed for automated package opening.

Figure 19 illustrates a schematic of a heat shrinkable, easy to open side seal pouch having a plurality of pairs of tear initiators at intervals along one of the pouch flaps.

Figure 20 illustrates a schematic of a portion of an easy-to-open, thermally-sealed end seal bag 370 having an initiator.

ΓΐΜΡΙ; «Mexican HsrmiTn L DELA MtOneftAO # · iNDusnut

<img file="MX359274B_D0034.tif" />

ripping at intervals along the pouch skirt.

Figure 21 is a detailed, enlarged view of a portion of a protrusion or skirt having a pair of tear initiators with bonded regions, heat-hardened on each side of the pair of tear initiators.

Figure 22 is a detailed, magnified view of a portion of a protrusion or skirt having a pair of tear initiators with bonded, heat-hardened regions and grip aids.

Figure 23 is a detailed, enlarged view of a portion of a protrusion or skirt having a plurality of pairs of tear initiators, with a pair of bonded, heat-hardened regions associated with each pair of tear initiators and a pair of Grip assistants associated with each pair of rip starters.

Figure 24 is a partial perspective view of a packaged product made from an end seal bag.

<td>shrunken</td><td>around</td><td>of</td><td>a product, with</td><td>kinky</td><td colspan="2">skirt</td>

<td>shrunken</td><td colspan="2">darkening</td><td>the initiators</td><td colspan="2">. ripping</td><td>and</td>

<td colspan="2">grip assistants</td><td> •</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>The figure</td><td> 25</td><td>it's a view on</td><td>perspective</td><td>of</td><td>a</td>

Product packaged as in Figure 24, but with two point seals on the skirt itself.

Figure 26 is a product view packaged as in Figure

IMPI

Mexican Institute of Industrial Property

<img file="MX359274B_D0035.tif" />

in perspective of a

24, but with four point seals on the skirt itself.

Figure 27 is a perspective view of a packaged product as in Figure 24, but with a perimeter seal of the skirt itself.

Figure 28 illustrates a schematic of a heat-shrinkable, easy-to-open side seal pouch having a plurality of pairs of tear initiators at intervals along one or the pouch flaps, as well as an elongated heat-hardened area on either side of each pair of rip starters.

Detailed description

As used herein, the term film is inclusive of plastic screen, regardless of whether it is film or sheet. The film may have a total thickness of 0.25 mm or less, or a thickness of 0.038 mm to 0.254 mm (1.5 to 10 mil) or 0.038 to 0.127 mm (1.5 to 5 mils, or 0.046 mm to 0.102 mm (1.8 to 4 mils), or from 0.051 mm to 0.076 mm (2 to 3 mils).

The multilayer, thermally shrinkable film from which the packaging article is made exhibits a

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

Peak Load Impact Resistance, determined using ASTM

<img file="MX359274B_D0036.tif" />

D 3763-95³, of at least 50 Newtons per 0.0254 mm (thousand)

ASTM D 3763-95³ is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference thereto. Thermally shrinkable film

<td>can have</td><td>a</td><td colspan="2">Impact resistence</td><td>of</td><td>Peak Load,</td>

<td>determined</td><td>using</td><td>ASTM</td><td> 3763-95³, from 50 to</td><td> 250</td><td>Newtons for</td>

<td>0.0254 mm, or</td><td>of 60</td><td>to 200</td><td>Newtons by 0.0254</td><td>mm,</td><td>or from 70 to! 70</td>

Newtons for 0.0254, or 80 to 150 Newtons for 0.0254; or from 85 to 140 Newtons per 0.0254 mm; or 95 to 135 Newtons per 0.0254 mm. In one embodiment, the thermally shrinkable multilayer film exhibits a Peak Load Impact Strength, determined using ASTM D 3763-95³ , from 50 to 250

Newtons by 0.0254 mm and the multilayer film has a total thickness, before shrinkage, of 0.038 to 0.127 mm (1.5 to 5 mils).

The multilayer film has a seal layer and at least one additional layer. At least one layer of the multilayer film contains a mixture of incompatible polymers.

As used herein, the phrase "machine direction" refers to the direction in which the film exits the die. Of course, this address corresponds to the address in which the extrudate is shipped during the process of

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL film production management.

The phrase

<img file="MX359274B_D0037.tif" />

machine2 corresponds to longitudinal direction. Machine direction and longitudinal direction are abbreviated as MD and LD, respectively. However, as used herein, the phrase machine direction includes not only the direction along a film that corresponds to the direction the film moved as it passed over the idler rollers in the production process. Film also includes directions that deviate up to 44 degrees from the direction the film moved as it passed over idler rollers in the production process.

As used herein, the phrase "transverse direction" refers to a direction perpendicular to the machine direction. The transverse direction is abbreviated as TD ,. The cross direction also includes directions that deviate up to 44 degrees from the direction the film moved as it passed over the idler rollers in the production process.

As used herein, the phrase packaging item is even of end seal bags, side seal bags, L-seal bags, U-seal bags (also referred to as sacdos), pouch bags,

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX359274B_D0038.tif" />

sewn back pipes, and seamless housings, as well as packages made from such articles by placing a product in the article and sealing the article so that the product is substantially surrounded by the thermally shrinkable multilayer film from which it is made the packaging item.

As used herein, the packaging items have two sides. Generally, one side of a packaging item corresponds to half of the item. For example, an end seal bag is a flat lay bag and has two sides (in this case two flat lay sides), with each side corresponding to a flat laid side of the seamless pipe from which the bag is made. end seal. Each flat lay side is a seamless pipe is constrained by wrinkles formed as the pipe folds into its flat laid configuration between gripping rollers. Each side of an end seal bag is limited by the top edge of the bag, the bottom edge of the bag, and the two folds that run the length of the bag. Likewise, a side seal bag also has two sides, with each side also being a flat lay side, with each side of the side seal bag being limited by the side edges of

<img file="MX359274B_D0039.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0040.tif" />

bag, a bag top edge, and corresponding bag with a fold of pipe. A housing, either seamless or postsealed, also has two sides, with each side being limited by the ends of the housing and by pleats formed as the housing is configured into its flat lay configuration. While corner bags or other packaging items may not be completely flat in structure because they have more than two flat sides, they nevertheless have sides limited by pleats and edges.

As used herein, the term package refers to packaging materials configured around a product that is being packaged. As such, the term package includes all the packaging around the product, but not the product itself.

As used herein, the phrase "packaged product" refers to the combination of a product and the packaging that surrounds or substantially surrounds the product. The packaged product can be made by placing the product towards a packaging article made of the thermally shrinkable multilayer film, with the article then being sealed so that the multilayer film surrounds or substantially surrounds the product. The film can^M IMPI iiííHWtg «EíiaiHo then shrink around the product.

As used herein, the term "bag" refers to a packaging article that has an open top, side edges, and a bottom edge. The term bag encompasses flat lay bags, sacks, housings (seamless housings and backseam housings, including edge-sealed housings, flap-sealed housings, and back-sealed butt-sealed housings that have rear seam tape over the same). Various housing configurations are described in USPN 6,764,729 B2, to Ramesh et al, entitled Post Seam Housing and Packaged Product Incorporating Same, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety, by reference thereto. Various pouch configurations, including L-seal pouches, backseam pouches, and U-seal pouches (also referred to as bags), are described in USPEN 6,970,468 to Mize et al, titled Patch Bag and Self-Making Process. , which is hereby incorporated, in its entirety, by reference thereto. While the pouch configurations illustrated in the '468 patent have a patch thereon, for purposes of the present invention, the patch is optional.

<img file="MX359274B_D0041.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0042.tif" />

-i.

In one embodiment, the item of the end seal bag, laid plawei

<img file="MX359274B_D0043.tif" />

a seamless pipe, the end seal bag having an open top, first and second bent side edges, and an end seal around a bottom of the bag, with the first and second tear initiators being on the skirt of bag that is out of the end seal, with the first tear being in a machine direction of the film, and the second tear being a tear in the machine direction of the film, with each tear being able to be manually propagated down the length of the end seal bag to the opposite edge of the end seal bag.

In one embodiment, the packaging item is a flat lay side seal bag made of a seamless pipeline, the side seal bag having an open top, a folded bottom edge, and first and second side seals with first and second respective pouch skirts out of the respective first and second side seals, with the first and second tear initiators being in the first pouch skirt and out of the first side seal, with the first tear being a machine steering tear and the

IMPI

Mexican Institute of Industrial Property

<img file="MX359274B_D0044.tif" />

second tear being a direct machine tear - with each tear being capable of being manually spread across the full width of the side seal bag to the opposite edge of the side seal bag.

In one embodiment, the packaging item is a flat lay side seal bag made of a seamless pipe, a side seal bag having an open top, a folded bottom edge, a first side seal with a first skirt. of bag out of it, a second side seal with a second flap of bag out of it, and a third seal extending from the first side seal to the second side seal, the third seal being at an opposite end of the open top pouch, the third seal having a third pouch skirt comprising the first and second tear initiators, with the first tear being a transverse direction tear and the second tear being a tear of transverse direction, with the first and second rips each being capable of being manually propagated below the length of the side seal bag and to the opposite edge of the side seal bag.

In one embodiment, the packaging item is a sack

ΠΜΡΙ «· wsimreo me¿cano

OF THE «OHEDaD» · INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0045.tif" />

flat lay made by heat sealing two flat films to each other, the bag having an open top, a first side seal with a first bag skirt out of the same, a second side seal with a second bag skirt out of the same , a lower seal with a third bag skirt out of it, the lower seal extending from the first lateral seal to the second lateral seal, the bottom seal being at an opposite end of the open top bag, with at least one of the bag flaps having first and second tear initiators to tear each of the two flat films in the machine direction.

End seal bags, side seal bags, L-seal bags, T-seal bags (also referred to as back-sewn bags), and U-seal bags all have an open top, closed sides, a bottom closed, and at least a heat seal. Each of these heat seals is referred to as a factory seal because these seals are made at the bag manufacturing factory, rather than at a packaging factory where the bag is used to package a product. Each of the heat seals illustrated in Figures 1A-1F., 3,

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE Dt LA MOMIDAD INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0046.tif" />

4, 5, 6A-6FF, 7A-C, and 13-16 is a factory seal. Each of the factory seals is generally made a short distance inward from the edge of the article, so that a relatively small amount of the film remains outside the heat seal, that is, on the other side of the seal from the film that wraps the product, A corner bag can also be made with a bottom seal that has a skirt, and one housing (sewn back or seamless) can have a cross heat seal with a skirt, As used herein, the term skirt refers to that portion of the film that is outside of any one or more of the factory seals. The length of a skirt is the distance corresponding to the length of the seal inward of the skirt, and the width of the skirt is the distance taken perpendicular to from this seal, through the skirt, to the edge of the article. The length and width of a ledge (described below) are determined in the same way. The length of a skirt or ledge ends at the ends of the skirt or ledge.

In contrast, only one of the packaged product heat seals in Figures 9-12 is a factory seal. The other seal is made after the product is placed on the epaque item, and herein refers

IMPI

ΤΟυΤΟ MEXICAN OF M INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY as an empadadores stamp or as an applied stamp or as a customer stamp. While the film out of the factory heat seal is referred to as a skirt, the film out of a customer seal is referred to as a glue or seal of the packaging item. In the packaged product illustrated in Figures 9-12 and 18, one of the heat seals on a factory seal and the other heat seal is a customer seal. If the tear initiator 53 in Figure 9 is on the skirt, then the heat seal 51 is the factory seal and the heat seal 55 is the customer seal. While a tear initiator may be in a skirt, it may also be in a protrusion region of the bag. If the tear initiator 53 is on the projection, then the heat seal 51 is the customer seal and the heat seal 55 s the factory seal. Usually, the overhang is larger (i.e., longer) than the skirt.

The term bag also includes that portion of a package that is derived from a bag. That is, once a product is placed inside a bag, the bag is sealed sealed so that it surrounds the product. The excess bag length (i.e. bag tail or bag protrusion) can optionally be cut along a line

<img file="MX359274B_D0047.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0048.tif" />

IMPI tNsnrorn Mexican _ DFLAPROWEOAD

.. INDUSTRIAL near the seal made through the bag to enclose the product inside the bag, and then optionally the film can shrink around the product. The portion of the bag that remains is configured around the product herein is also within the term bag. The phrase "opposite edge of the packaging article" refers to the edge of the bag that is directly across from the edge of the packaging article that has the tear initiator. For example, a top bag edge is opposite the bottom bag edge; a first bag side edge is opposite the second bag side edge. As used herein, the phrase "one side of the bag2" is used with reference to each of the first and second sides of a bag held flat, as well as each of the two main flat sides of a bag with a corner.

As used herein, the phrase skirt2 refers to that portion of the packaging item that is outside of a heat seal, v. gr., the excess length or width on the unproducted side of any factory heat seal on the packing item. In an end seal bag, the bag skirt is short in the machine direction and long in the cross direction. In a side seal pouch, the pouch skirt is long in the direction of

IMPI

<img file="MX359274B_D0049.tif" />

machine and short in the direction tr an s ve r Sá'l. In either case, the width of the bag skirt is the shortest dimension of the skirt, and the length of the bag skirt is the longest dimension of the skirt.

A bag skirt (or any skirt of any packaging item) can have a width, before the film shrinks, of at least 5 millimeters, or at least 10 millimeters, or at least 15 millimeters, or at least 20 millimeters , or at least 215 millimeters, or at least 30 millimeters. Alternatively, the skirt may be 5 to 100 millimeters, or 10 to 50 millimeters, or 15 to 40 millimeters, or 20 to 35 millimeters wide.

As used herein, the phrase "flat lay bag" 2 refers generically to non-corner bags used for the packaging of a variety of products, particularly food products. More specifically, the phrase flat lay bag includes side seal bag, end seal bag, L-seal bag, U-seal bag (also referred to as a sack), and backseam bag (also referred to as a T-stamp). The back seam can be a flap seal, a flap seal, or a butt seal with a back seam tape.

IMPI

Before the bag shrinks ^ sVi ^^ jjj ^ rn ?? * sTaiAL length to width ratio from 1: 1 to 20.1; or from 1.5: 1 to I

8: 1; or from 1.8: 1 to 6: 1, or from 2: 1 to 4: 1.

The tear initiator can be cut at the skirt or shoulder of the packing article. As used herein, the term "cut" refers to penetration through the film, or cut through the film, with a cutting medium or rimmed instrument. Preferably the cut is made through both sides of the packing article. The term cut is inclusive of both indentations and notches. As used herein, the term "slit" refers to a cut through the film without the removal and removal of a piece of film from the packaging article. A slit may be from the edge of the packaging article (i.e., an edge slit) or internal, i.e., not extending to an edge (i.e., internal slit is also referred to as a slit hole). The slit can be straight or curved or wavy.

The term hole, as used herein, includes both an internal perforation (i.e., internal hole) or internal cut 8 (i.e., an internal indentation) through the packing article, as well as an internal cut that removes a piece of article film. Hole can

<img file="MX359274B_D0050.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0051.tif" />

ΪΜΡΠ

MEXICAN IfISTlTUTO. . . GIVE THE MOOC use a straight cut or a curved cut. The hole'CP^youfí (fb be round or square or rectangular or irregular ”'011 ftó'ffffá¹.¹

A notch is formed by a cut that removes a piece of film along an otherwise straight or curved edge of an article or article glue®, producing a point for stress concentration during subsequent manual application of tearing.

A notch can be V-shaped or round or rectangular or oval or of any regular or irregular profile.

The indentation or notch or hole in the skirt or glue may extend through at least percent of the width of the skirt before the bag shrinks;

when less less less less

<td> 20</td><td>by</td><td>hundred,</td><td>or</td><td>when</td><td>less</td><td> 30</td><td>by</td><td>hundred</td><td>or</td><td>when</td>

<td> 40</td><td>by</td><td>hundred,</td><td>or</td><td>when</td><td>less</td><td> 50</td><td>by</td><td>hundred,</td><td>or</td><td>when</td>

<td> 60</td><td>by</td><td>hundred,</td><td>or</td><td>when</td><td>less</td><td> 70</td><td>by</td><td>hundred,</td><td>or</td><td>when</td>

<td> 80</td><td>by</td><td>hundred,</td><td>or</td><td colspan="6">at least 90 percent,</td><td>of the</td>

slit or notch or tail hole. The width of the skirt may taper inward toward the center of the packing item.

In end seal and side seal bags, as well as other packaging items, a portion of the skirt is on a flat first side of the article (eg, bag), and a portion of the same skirt is on a second

I.

<img file="MX359274B_D0052.tif" />

flat side of the article (eg, boÍiaa-H— &amp; i — pfTíñer^- * • r flat lay side of skirt may have first rip starter, and second flat lay side of skirt may have second rip starter.

The first tear initiator can overlap the second tear initiator when the end seal or side seal bag (or any other packing item) is in its flat lay configuration as well as shrink packing. Overlapping improves ease of simultaneously starting and spreading the tears in the first and second sides of the packaging item. In addition, the first tear initiator may coincide (i.e., be placed directly on and correspond in length and shape) to the second tear initiator when the packaging article is in its flat lay configuration.

The packaging article can be provided with both a first tear initiator that is overlapping or coincident with the second tear initiator, and a third tear that is overlapping or coincident with a fourth tear initiator. The first and second tear initiators may be placed on a skirt portion or protrusion of the article to make a manual tear in a machine direction with the tear initiators.

<img file="MX359274B_D0053.tif" />

fourth and fourth tear being in place, for manual tearing in a transverse direction. The third and fourth rip starters can be placed on a skirt or ledge.

As used herein, the verb tear refers to pulling a separate object by force. The name tear refers to the resulting break in the object that is tearing. Tearing of the film results from placing the film under sufficient tension that it is pulled apart by force. The tensile force is concentrated by the tear initiator, which allows a lower tensile force to pull apart the film, i.e. tear the film. Thermally shrinkable films of high impact resistance are not capable of being manually torn without the presence of the tear initiator. In the thermally shrinkable packaging article, the high impact resistant multilayer film is subjected to tearing from the tear initiator to the opposite edge of the packaging article.

The phrase tear initiator, as used herein, refers to any one or more of a variety of media that can be placed on the skirt or shoulder of a packaging article. The tear initiator allows the

IMPI

THSTITOTO MEXICANO

OF THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0054.tif" />

manual tear force to be concentrated in a small spot or region of the film so that tear initiation and tear propagation can occur manually. A slit in the pouch skirt, as illustrated in Figure 6A, can serve as the tear initiator. Alternatively, the tear initiator can be a V-shaped notch in a bag skirt (see

Figure 6B) or a rounded notch in the bag skirt (see Figure 6C), or a rectangular notch in the bag skirt (see Figure 6D), or a slit hole in the bag skirt (see Figure 6E ) or a round hole in the bag skirt (see Figure 6F), or a pointed oval hole in the bag skirt (see Figure 6G), or a rectangular hole in the bag skirt (see Figure 6H).

As used herein, the terms overlap and coincident are used with respect to the relative placement of paired tear initiators both when the article is in its flat lay configuration and / or after a product is placed on the article and the closure article sealed around the product. The term coincident refers to two paired rip initiators that are directly on top of each other. The term overlapping refers to two paired rip initiators

IMPI • BTITVTO MEXICANO

OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY that are close enough one

<img file="MX359274B_D0055.tif" />

on the other hand that an effort to manually tear one side of the packing article into one of the tear notches results in tearing both sides of the article, ie, from each of the paired tear initiators. The phrase substantially coincident is used interchangeably with the term overlapping. Typically, tear initiators within 12.7 millimeters (one-half inch) of being coincident with each other are considered to be overlapping.

As used herein, the phrase manual and the term manually are both used with reference to ripping with bare hands, i.e. without the need for a knife, scissors, or any other implement to assist with initiation or spread ripping film. The term manual is used with respect to the onset of ripping, i.e. the manual initiation of the ripping action, as well as with respect to the propagation of ripping, i.e., the manual continuation (i.e., extension) of a rip that it has been started manually.

In addition to the tear initiator, the packaging article may be provided with a grip assistant, also referred to herein as a grip improver.

<img file="MX359274B_D0056.tif" />

IMPI msrnvi * maid

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY grip can improve the ease with which

The assistent

<td colspan="2">the movie</td><td>can be ripped.</td><td>The</td><td>assistant</td><td>of</td><td>grip can</td>

<td>to be</td><td>in a</td><td>flat side</td><td colspan="2">from the article</td><td>of</td><td>packaging or in</td>

<td>both of them</td><td>sides</td><td>flat lay</td><td>of the</td><td>Article</td><td>of</td><td>packing. The</td>

Grip assist may be a hole in the skirt (and / or overhang), an integral extension of the skirt or overhang, or a separate film tab attached to the skirt or overhang. The separate film tab can be made of a thermoplastic polymer, paper, or other material, and can be thermally shrinkable or thermally non-shrinkable. The packaging item can be provided with the combination of a rip starter and a grip assistant. For example, the skirt may have a slit as the rip starter and a hole as the grip assistant. See Figure 61.

The skirt may have a slit as the rip starter two holes that provide service as the grip assistant. See the

Figure 61. Alternatively, the grip assistant can be a tongue, as illustrated in Figure

6K, this figure further illustrating the tab being used in combination with a slit.

With regard to the tearing of the film from which the packing article is made, as used herein the institWp ME¡heAt * o de ti JROHEBAB tSc: IÑDUSTMM.

phrase the tear is capable of being propagated ... refers to the way in which the film tends to tear when the bag is subjected to an ordinary one of it, that is, the manual opening article of packaging can be fastened and torn or fastened and torn in the ordinary opening course. The packing article exhibits substantially linear tear. Usually, the linear tear is substantially in line with the machine direction, or substantially in line with the transverse direction. Tearing is carried out after shrinking the thermally shrinkable film.

If the tear is being made in the machine direction of the film, the tear may be within 0 to 44 degrees of the actual machine direction of the film, i.e., as long as the tear can spread to and to the edge opposite side of the bag; or the tear may be within 0 to 2 degrees, or within 0 to 15 degrees, or within 1 to 20 degrees, or within 0 to 10 degrees; or within 0 to 5 degrees, or within 0 to 2 degrees of the machine direction of the film. The same remains true of tear in the transverse direction, that is, the tear may be within 0 to 44 degrees of the actual transverse direction of the film; or the tear may be within

INDUSTRIAL at 20 degrees, or within 1 to 20 degrees, or within 0 to degrees; or within 0 to 5 degrees, or within 0 to 2 degrees of the transverse direction of the film.

As used herein, the phrase "easily removed" applies to the removal of a product from a packaging article that surrounds or substantially surrounds the product.

As used herein, the phrase "easily removed" refers to the manual removal of the product from within the confines of any substantial amount, no permanent film deformation. As used in the substantial of the film of the packaging article without additional tear, and without substantial additional herein, the phrase "tear" refers to tear greater than or equal to 2 millimeters in length. As used herein, the phrase "substantial permanent film deformation2" refers to a permanent film stretch greater than or equal to 2 millimeters at any location on the film.

As used herein, the phrases "seal layer, sealant layer, heat seal layer, and sealant layer" refer to an outer film layer, or layers, involved in heat sealing the elicle to itself, other film layer of the same or another film, and / or

<img file="MX359274B_D0057.tif" />

IWFRTVTO MEXICANO

OF THE RR0NEDAD

INDWTUAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0058.tif" />

another article that is not a movie. Heat sealing can be performed in any one or more of a variety of ways, such as fusion count sealing, heat sealing, impulse sealing, ultrasonic sealing, hot air sealing, hot wire sealing, infrared radiation sealing, UV radiation sealing, electronic beam sealing, etc.). A heat seal usually on a relatively narrow seal (see. gr., 0.508 mm (0.02 inch&gt;) to 2.54 cm (1 inch) wide) through film. A particular heat seal medium is a heat seal made using an impulse sealer, which uses a combination of heat and pressure to form the seal, with the heating medium providing a brief pulse of heat while the pressure is being applied to the film by a seal bar or seal wire, followed by rapid cooling.

In some embodiments, the seal layer may comprise a polyolefin, particularly an ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and / or an ionomer resin. For example, the seal layer might contain a polyolefin that has a density of 0.88 g / cc to 0.917 g / cc, or 0.90 g7cc to 0.917 g7cc. More particularly, the seal layer may comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of very low density polyethylene and homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer. Very low density polyethylene is a kind of heterogeneous ethylene / ALPHAOLEFINE copolymer. Heterogeneous ethylan / alpha-olefin (eg, very low density polyethylene) can have a density of 0.900 to 0.917 g / cm³. The homogeneous / alphaolefinic ethylene copolymer in the seal layer can have a density of 0.880 g / cm³ a 0.910 g / cm³, or 0.880 g / cm³ a 0.917 g / cm³. Useful homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers in the seal layer include catalyzed metallocene-ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers having a density of 0.917 g / cm³or less, as well as very low density polyethylene having a density of 0912 g / cm³, these polymers providing excellent optics. Plastomeric metallocene senators with densities less than 0.910 g / cm³ they also provided excellent optics.

As used herein, the term barrier, and the phrase barrier layer, as applied to films and / or film layers, are used with reference to the ability of a film or film layer to serve as a barrier to one or more gases. The thermally shrinkable multilayer film used to make the article may optionally comprise a barrier layer. In the packaging industry,

<img file="MX359274B_D0059.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0060.tif" />

fNSTTH l-ru X * euc &lt;J4O Di Μ níCffSDAt »T« i&gt; USTWAl oxygen barrier layers (ie O₂ gaseous) may comprise, for example, at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrolyzed ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (designated by the abbreviations

EVOH and HEVA, and also referred to as saponified ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer), polyvinylidene chloride, amorphous polyamide, MXD6 polyamide (particularly MXD6 / MXDI copolymer), polyester, polyacrylonitrile, etc. , as is known to experts in the field. In addition to the first and second layers, the thermally shrinkable film may further comprise at least one barrier layer.

Thermally shrinkable film can exhibit

<td colspan="2">regime</td><td colspan="2">transmission</td><td>or₂</td><td>of</td><td> 1</td><td>to</td><td> 20</td><td>cc / m²</td><td>day</td><td>atm</td><td>to</td><td colspan="2">23 ° C</td><td>and</td>

<td> 15 100%</td><td>of</td><td>humidity</td><td>relative,</td><td>or</td><td>of</td><td> 2</td><td>to</td><td> 15</td><td>cc / m²</td><td>day</td><td>atm</td><td>to</td><td> 23</td><td>° C</td><td>and</td>

<td> 100%</td><td>of</td><td>humidity</td><td>relative,</td><td>or</td><td>of</td><td> 3</td><td>to</td><td> 12</td><td>cc / m²</td><td>day</td><td>atm</td><td>to</td><td> 23</td><td>° C</td><td>to</td>

<td> 100%</td><td>of</td><td>humidity</td><td>relative,</td><td>or</td><td>of</td><td> 4</td><td>to</td><td> 10</td><td>cc / m²</td><td>day</td><td>atm</td><td>to</td><td> 23</td><td>° C</td><td>and</td>

100% relative humidity. Alternatively, the thermally shrinkable film can exhibit a transmission rate of O₂ 21 cc / m² day atm at 15,000 cc / m² atm day, or 500 cc / m² day atm at 10,000 cc / m² day atm, or 2000 cc / m²day atm at 6,000 cc / m² atm day The transmission rate of O₂It can be measured in accordance with ASTM-D-3985.

As tie is used refers to any inner layer primary purpose of adhering two tie layers between tie may comprise any polar group polymer grafted thereon. These

<img file="MX359274B_D0061.tif" />

that has the yes. Layers having a polymer adhere to both non-polar polymers such as polyolefin, as well as polar polymers such as polyamide and ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer. The tie layers may comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyolefin (particularly homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer), anhydride modified polyolefin, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, anhydride / acetate modified ethylene copolymer vinyl, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer, and ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer. Typical tie coat polymers comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of anhydride-modified linear low-density polyethylene, anhydride-modified low-density polyethylene, anhydride-modified polypropylene, anhydride-modified methylacrylate copolymer, homog copolymer neo / alpha-olefin, and copolymers of modified ethylene butylacrylate modified with anhydride, copolymer of ethylene with anhydride / vinyl acetate.

<img file="MX359274B_D0062.tif" />

l.

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0063.tif" />

"Rapa ·

As used herein, the inner and inner layer is a multi-layer film, which has both of its main surfaces directly adhered to another layer of the film.

As used herein, the phrase "outer layer" refers to any layer of film that has less than two of its major surfaces directly adhered to another layer of the film. A multi-layer film has two outer layers each of which has a main surface adhered to only one other layer of the multi-layer film.

As used herein, the term "adhered" is inclusive of films that are directly adhered to each other using a heat seal or other means, as well as films that adhere to each other using an adhesive that is between the two films. This term is also inclusive of layers of a multi-layer film, the layers of which are then adhered to each other without an adhesive between them. The various layers of the multi-layer film may be directly adhered to each other (i.e. no layers between them) or indirectly adhered to each other (i.e. one or more <img file="MX359274B_D0064.tif" />

W Λ inwstf'Mlayers between them). _______ ... ..

Once a multilayer film is heat-sealed to itself or another member of the packaging being produced (i.e., becomes a packaging item, eg, a bag, sack, or seal), one outer layer of the film is an inner layer of the packaging article and the other outer layer becomes the outer layer of the packaging article. The inner layer can be referred to as an inner heat seal / product contact layer, because this layer of film that is sealed to itself or another article, and is the film layer closest to the product, relative to the other layers of the film. The other outer layer can be referred to as the outer layer and / or as the outer abuse layer, or outer skin layer, as it is the film layer furthest from the product, relative to the other layers of the multiple film layers. Also, the outer surface of a packaging article (i.e., bag) is the remote surface of the product being packaged within the article.

While the thermally shrinkable multilayer film can self-seal to form a packaging item, optionally a patch film

<img file="MX359274B_D0065.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0066.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0067.tif" />

mexican institute of industrial currency

<img file="MX359274B_D0068.tif" />

thermally shrinkable can be attached to ar - + - í ^ j_or (particularly to a bag). The patch film may be thermally shrinkable, and may have a total free shrink at 85 ° C (185 ° F) of at least 35 percent, measured in accordance with ASTM D-2732. The bag film and patch film can have full free shrink at 85 ° C (185 ° F) that is within 50 percent of each other, or within 20 percent of each other, or at 10 percent from one to another, or within 5 percent from one to another, or within 2 percent from one to another. The patch may or may not cover the heat seal. If the patch covers the heat seal, the heat seal can optionally be made through the patch. If the tear is to be made through the bag and through the patch, the patch must cover a heat seal, and the tear initiator must be through both the bag film and the patch film. The pouch may have a curved seal and the patch may extend into and through the curved seal region and through and beyond the curved seal. If the bottom edge of the bag is curved, a bottom edge of the patch can also be curved. The patch bag can have any desired patch bag configuration as described in any one or more of US Patent Nos .: 4,755,403, 5,540,636,

<img file="MX359274B_D0069.tif" />

5,454,319, 6,196,886, 56,383,537, 6,663,905 and 6,790,468, each of which is hereby incorporated, in its entirety, by reference thereto.

End seal bags with curved heat seals, and end seal patch bags with curved heat seals, can be designed to have manual tear start and manual directional tear propagation. While the end seal may be curved, the bottom edge of the bag may be straight through the pipe, or it may also be curved. A curved bottom heat seal and a straight one across the bottom pouch edge leave more room in the bottom corners of the pouch skirt to provide tear initiators as well as grip assistants. Patch bags with curved end seals are described in US Patent No. 6,270,819, to Wiese, which is hereby incorporated, in its entirety, by reference thereto.

The term polymer, as used herein, is inclusive of homopolymer, copolymer, terpolymer, etc. Copolymer includes copolymer, terpolymer, etc.

Incompatible polymer blends in one or more layers of film can improve tear initiation, tear propagation, and linear tear properties

<img file="MX359274B_D0070.tif" />

of the film, including the ability to manually tear down the full length or across the full width of a package made of a packaging article comprising a multi-layer packaging film, i.e., tearing through a seal already through and to an opposite edge of the package. For a package made from an end seal bag, a machine steering tear can be manually started on the bag skirt, and the machine steering tear can be manually propagated through the seal and down the length of the bag , for a distance to the full length of the package, that is, to that portion of the package that corresponds to the opposite edge of the package after the packaging item is used to make the package. For a package made from a side seal bag, the machine steering tear can be manually started on a bag skirt, and the machine steering tear can be manually propagated through the skirt and through the associated heat seal, with the tear below being propagated in the machine direction, across the full width of the packing, i.e. to that portion of the package that corresponds to the opposite edge of the side seal bag after the bag is used to make the

<img file="MX359274B_D0071.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0072.tif" />

IMPI package.

<td>How</td><td>used herein, the phrase polymers</td>

Incompatible refers to two polymers (ie, a mixture of at least two polymers) that are unable to form a stable solution or even a two-phase mixture, and that tend to separate after mixing. When mixed, the incompatible polymers are not miscible with each other, and phase separate into a continuous domain and a finely dispersible discontinuous domain. The presence of one or more layers of film comprising a mixture of incompatible polymers can help, improve, or even cause the linear tear property of the thermally shrinkable multilayer film used to make the bag thermally shrinkable.

The incompatible polymer blend comprises at least one blend selected from the group of (A) to (I) set forth above under the first aspect of the invention. In the above blend (A), the ethylene homopolymer and / or ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer may be present in an amount of from 80 to 40 weight percent, or from 70 to 50 weight percent, based on the total mix weight. The ethylene / unsaturated ester can be present in an amount of from 20 to 60 percent by weight, or from 30 to 50 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture.

FROM THE MtOHEDKD 'NtwSu?

The copolymer⁴ Ethylene / unsaturated ester may have an unsaturated content of 10 to 85 percent by weight, or 10 to 50 percent by weight, or

10^to 30 percent by weight, or 12 to 30 percent by weight, based on the weight of the ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer.

In the above blend (D), the ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer may be present in an amount of 10 to 75 percent by weight, 50 percent by weight, or 40 percent by weight, or 35 percent by weight , based on total mix weight. Polypropylene and / or propylene / ethylene and / or polybutylene copolymer and / or modified ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer, and / or styrene homopolymer, and / or styrene-7-betadiene copolymer can be present in the mixture in an amount of 90 to 15 percent by weight, or 80 to 50 percent by weight, or 75 to 60 percent by weight, or 75 to 65 percent by weight, based on the total blend weight.

In blend (F) above, the ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer may be present in the blend in an amount of 90 to 15 percent by weight, based on the total blend step, or 80 to 50 percent in weight, or 75 to 60 percent by weight, or 25 to 65 percent by weight, based

<img file="MX359274B_D0073.tif" />

ηβητυτο Mexican ·

Bt LA ΡΚΟΠΕβΛΟ

INIXWTIHaL with by weight of total mixture, (particularly propylene / ethylene copolymer) and / or polybutylene and / or ethylene / norbornene in an amount of 10 to 85 weight percent, or 20 to 50 weight percent, or 25 to 40 percent by weight, or 25 to 35 percent by weight, based on the total mix weight.

In the above blend (G), the homogeneous popylene homopolymer and / or homogeneous propylene copolymer may be present in the blend in an amount of from 90 to 25 percent by weight, or 85 to 50 percent by weight, or 80 to 60 weight percent, or 75 to 65 weight percent, based on total blend weight, with homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and / or ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer in an amount of 10 to 75 percent by weight, or 15 to 50 percent by weight, or 20^to 40 percent by weight, or 25 to 35 percent by weight, based on the total mix weight.

In one embodiment, the film comprises an incompatible mixture of ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 10 to 50 weight percent based on the weight of the copolymer, the blend containing the ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer in an amount of 80 to 35 weight percent based on the weight of the blend and polypropylene copolymer

<img file="MX359274B_D0074.tif" />

of ethylene / unsaturated ester in a weight percent amount based on the weight of with i?

multilayer containing the blend in an amount of 20 to 95 weight percent, based on the weight of the multilayer film, where the multilayer film has been biaxially oriented in the solid state and has full free shrinkage , as measured by ASTM D 2732, or 15 percent to 120 percent at 85 ° C (185 ° F).

In another embodiment the film may comprise an incompatible mixture of ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 10 to 30 percent by weight based on the weight of the copolymer, the blend containing the ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer in an amount of 75 to 45 percent by weight based on the weight of the blend and ethylene / unsaturated ester copolymer in an amount of 25 to 55 percent by weight based on the weight of blending, with the multilayer film containing the blend in an amount of 30 to 70 percent by weight, based on the weight of the multilayer film, where the multilayer film has been biaxially oriented in the solid state and has full free shrinkage, as measured by ASTM D 2732, or 20 percent to 105 percent at 85 ° C (185 ° F).

<img file="MX359274B_D0075.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0076.tif" />

In another embodiment, the film may comprise an incompatible ethylene / alpha define copolymer blend and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 12 to 30 weight percent, the blend containing the ethylene copolymer. / alpha-olefin in an amount of 70 to 50 percent based on blend weight and unsaturated ethylene-7-ester copolymer in an amount of 30 to 50 percent by weight based on blend weight, the multilayer film containing the blend in an amount of 30 to 70 weight percent, based on the weight of the multilayer film, and wherein the multilayer film has been biaxially oriented in the solid state and has a total free shrinkage, as measured by ASTM D 2732 from 40 percent to 100 percent at 85 ° C (185 ° F). Shrinkage is typically carried out by immersion in hot water, such as 85 ° C (185 ° F) water, for a period of 2 to 60 seconds.

If any one or more of the incompatible blends comprises an ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer, the ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer may comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of: 8i) ethylene / hexene copolymer having a density of about 0.90 g / cc to about 0.925 g / c, and (ii) ethylene / octene copolymer

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE that

<img file="MX359274B_D0077.tif" />

density of about 0.90 g / cc, to about 0.925 g7cc.

Other incompatible polymer blends that can be used include the following: (i) a 50 weight percent mixture of cyclic define copolymer with 50 weight percent propylene homopolymer; (ii) a mixture of 70 weight percent polystyrene with 30 weight percent ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 9 percent or 15 percent; (iii) a mixture of 70 weight percent very low density polyethylene and 30 weight percent cyclic olefin copolymer; (iv) a 70 weight percent mixture of ethylene / propylene copolymer and 30 weight percent of homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer; (v) a 70 weight percent mixture of ethylene / propylene copolymer and 30 weight percent of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 9 percent or 15 percent, (vi ) a mixture of 70 weight percent ethylene / propylene copolymer and 30 weight percent ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer; (vii) a mixture of 70 weight percent polystyrene with 30 weight percent artas de ii iva ri iwrrrwc Mexican k

OF THE EROMEBAD ¿7jT * -.

... INDUSTRY!

amorphous nylon; (vm) a 70 weight percent '' mixture of ethylene / vinyl acetate having a vinyl acetate content of 4 percent; (ix) a mixture of 70 weight percent polyamide with 30 weight percent low-density polyethylene; (x) a 65 weight percent blend of amorphous polyamide with 35% styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer.

The tear onset, tear propagation, and linear tear property of a thermally shrinkable multilayer film can also be improved by providing one or more layers of the film with a filler material, such as an inorganic filler. Polymeric systems incorporating high filler concentrations can also improve linear tear behavior. Depending on the particle size and dispersion, a filler concentration as low as 5 weight percent filler (i.e. based on total layer weight) in ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer, polypropylene, propylene / ethylene copolymer , polybutylene, polystyrene / butadiene copolymer, ionomer resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / butylacrylate copolymer, ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer,

<img file="MX359274B_D0078.tif" />

etc.

can contribute to the behavior of

<img file="MX359274B_D0079.tif" />

More particularly, the presence of filler in an amount of 5 to 95 percent by weight, or in an amount of 5 to 50 percent by weight, or in an amount of 10 to 40 percent by weight, or 20 to 35 weight percent, can be used.

Suitable fillers include silicates (particularly sodium silicate, potassium silicate, and aluminum silicate, alkali aluminum silicate), silica (particularly amorphous &lt;silica), siloxane, silicone resin, zinc sulfide, wollastonite, microspheres, fiberglass, glass, metal oxide (particularly titanium, zinc, antimony, magnesium, iron and aluminum oxides), calcium carbonate, sulfate (particularly barium sulfate and calcium sulfate), aluminum trihydrate, feldspar, perlite, gypsum, iron, fluoropolymer, crosslinked polymethylmethacrylate, talc, diatomaceous earth, zeolites, mica, kaolin, carbon black, and graphite.

The filler concentration required to achieve low tear onset force depends on the particle geometry, particle size, relationship between particle dimensions, and compatibility of the filler and the polymer matrix. Some fillers are chemically treated to

IMPI® and * polfflS ^^ 'towards improving the compatibility of the dispersing particle.

The onset of tear, tear propagation, and linear tear property of a thermally shrinkable multilayer film can also be improved by providing one or more layers of the film with a polymer that provides the film with a relatively high Young's modulus, v . gr., a polymer that has a Young's modulus of at least 5608 kg / cm² (80,000 psi). These polymers can comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene (particularly propylene homopolymer), styrene copolymer (particularly styrene / butadiene block copolymer), copolymer of ethylene / norbornene, polycarbonate, and polyester. The thermally shrinkable multi-layer film may have a Young's Modulus of at least 5,608 kg / cm² (80,000 psi). Young's modulus can be measured according to one or more of the following ASTM procedures: D638, D882; D5026-95a; D4065-89, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The film may have a Young's modulus of at least around, and / or at most

<img file="MX359274B_D0080.tif" />

around, any of the following: 7,030; 9,139; 10,545, 14,060; 17,575; 21,090; 24,605; and 28,120 kg / cm² (100,000; 130,000; 150,000; 200,000; 250,000; 300,000; 350,000; and 400,000 pounds / square inch) measured at a temperature of 23 ° C (73 ° F =). The film may have any of the above Young's modulus scales in at least one direction (eg, in the machine direction or in the transverse direction9, or in both directions (i.e., the machine (i.e., longitudinal) ) and cross directions).

As used herein, terms such as polyamide, polyolefin, polyester, etc. are inclusive of homopolymers of the genus, copolymers of the genus, terpolymers of the genus, etc. as well as graft polymers of the genus and substituted polymers of the genus (eg, polymers of the genus having substituent groups therein).

As used herein, the phrase "propylene / ethylene copolymer" refers to a copolymer of propylene and ethylene where the propylene polymer content is greater than the ethylene polymer content. The propylene / ethylene copolymer is not a kind of ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer.

<img file="MX359274B_D0081.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0082.tif" />

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

The phrase ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer2 is particularly directed at heterogeneous copolymers such as linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low-density and ultra-low-density polyethylene (VLDPE and ULDPE), as well as homogeneous polymers such as polymerized catalysts. metallocene such as EXACT® resins available from Exxon Chemical Company, and TAFMER® resins available from Mitsui Petrochemical Corporation. All of these latter copolymers include copolymers of ethylene with one or more selected comonomers of C alpha-olefin.₄ a Cio such as butene-1 (i.e. 1-butene), hexene-1, octene-1, etc. wherein the copolymer molecules comprise long chains with relatively few side chain branches or branched structures.

This molecular structure is to be contrasted with conventional low or medium density polyethylenes that are more highly branched than their respective counterparts. Heterogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefins commonly known as LLDPEs have a density usually on the scale of about 0.91 grams per cubic centimeter to about 0.94 grams per cubic centimeter. Other ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers, such as long-chain branched homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers

<img file="MX359274B_D0083.tif" />

available from the Dow Chemical Company /

<img file="MX359274B_D0084.tif" />

AFFINITY® 'eomo' resins are also included as another type of homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer useful in the film and process described herein.

As used herein, the phrase "heterogeneous polymer" refers to polymerization reaction products of relatively wide variation in molecular weight and relatively wide variation in composition distribution, that is, typical polymers prepared, for example, using Ziegler catalysts. Conventional natta. Heterogeneous copolymers have a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of more than 3.0.

As used herein, the phrase "homogeneous polymer" refers to polymerization reaction products of relatively narrow molecular weight distribution and relatively narrow compositional distribution. Homogeneous polymers are useful in various layers of the thermally shrinkable multilayer film. Homogeneous polymers are structurally different from heterogeneous polymers, in that homogeneous polymers exhibit a relatively uniform comonomer sequence within a chain, a mirror image of sequence distribution across all chains, and a similarity in length of all chains. , that is to say,

ImuTOMEXlCANO a narrower pesomolecular Sís ^ r ^ túciSrT ^ e. In addition, poJjjae ^ es' ^ roiTibrogens are typically prepared using metallocene, or other single site catalysis, rather than using Ziegler Natta catalysts. The homogeneous ethylene-7-olefin copolymer can have a Mw / Mn of &lt;3.0.

As used herein, the term polyamide refers to a polymer that has amide linkages, more specifically synthetic polyamides, either aliphatic or aromatic, in either a semi-crystalline or amorphous form. It is intended to refer to both polyamides and copolyamides. Pliamides can be selected from approved nylon compounds for use in producing articles intended for use in food processing, handling and packaging, including homopolymers, copolymers, and blends of the nylon materials described in 21 CFR 177.1500 and seq, which is incorporated herein by reference. Examples of such polyamides include nylon homopolymers and copolymers such as those selected from the group consisting of nylon 4,6 (poly (tetramethylene adipamide)), nylon 6 (polycaprolactam), nylon 6,6 (poly (hexamethylene adipamide)), nylon 6.9 (poly (hexamethylene nonanodiamide)), nylon 6.10 (poly (hexamethylene sebacamide)), nylon

6.12 nylon (poly (hexamethylene dodecanediamide)),

<img file="MX359274B_D0085.tif" />

nylon

6/12 (poly (caprolctam-co-laurallactam)),

6.6 / 6 (poly (hexamethylene adipamide — co-caprolactam)), nylon 6/66 (poly (caprolactam-co-hexamethylene adipamide)), nylon 66/610 (v., Gr., Manufactured by condensation of mixtures of nylon 66 salts and nylon 610 salts), nylon 6/69 resins&gt; (eg, manufactured by condensation of apsiulon-caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine and 'acelaic acid), nylon 11 (polyundecanolactam), nylon 12 (polyaurillactam ), MXD6 nylon, MXDI nytlon, 61 / 6T nylon, and copolymers or mixtures thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, the phrase "semi-crystalline polyamide" includes all polyamides that are not considered to be amorphous polyamides. All semi-crystalline polyamides have a measurable melting point.

The film is a thermally shrinkable film.

The film can be produced by carrying out only monoaxial orientation, or by carrying out biaxial orientation. As used herein, the phrase "thermally shrinkable" is used with reference to films that exhibit total free shrinkage (i.e., the sum of free shrinkage in both machine and transverse directions) of at least 105 to 85 ° C (185 ° F), as measured by ASTNM

Di M f INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

D 2732, which is hereby incorporated, όΐΤ''ΞύΈο táTí3acT7 by reference to it. All films exhibiting less than 10% total free shrink at 85 ° C (185 ° F) are referred to herein as being non-thermally shrinkable. Thermally shrinkable multilayer film can have a total free shrink at 85 ° C (| 85 ° F) of 10 percent to 150 percent, or 15 percent to 120 percent, or 20 percent to 100 percent, or 45 to 95 percent, or 40 to 90 percent, or 30 percent to 80 percent, or 35 percent to 60 percent, as measured by ASTM D 2732.

Thermal shrinkability can be achieved by conducting orientation in the solid state (i.e., at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the polymer). The total orientation factor employed (i.e., stretched in the transverse direction multiplied by attraction in the machine direction) can be any desired factor, such as at least 2X, at least 3X, at least 4X, at least 5X, at least 6X, at least 7X, at least 8X, at least 90X, at least 10X, at least 16X, or 1.5X to 20X, 2X to 16X, 3X to 12X, or 4X to 9X.

In the packaging of a product in a film

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY thermally shrinkable that subsequently shrinks around

<img file="MX359274B_D0086.tif" />

of the product, the protrusion and / or skirt of the packaging article tends to shrink and curl. This is because the shrinkage of the protruding film and / or skirt is relatively unrestricted during the period when it is heated to induce shrinkage. Since the tear initiators are present in the protrusion and / or skirt, the relatively unconstrained shrinkage and curling of the protrusion and / or skirt makes it more difficult for a consumer to detect the presence and location of the tear initiators, as well as make it more difficult. hold manually (or automatically) and use the tear initiators to tear open the package or to tear a portion of the package.

Heat hardening of at least a portion of the protrusion and / or skirt reduces unrestricted and curled shrinkage of the protrusion and / or skirt as the film shrinks around the product. As used herein, the term "thermal cure" refers to reheating the film under restriction, that is, so that it cannot undergo substantial shrinkage during reheating. Thermal curing is accomplished by heating the film (while under restriction) to a

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY temperature, and for a time, so that the portion

<img file="MX359274B_D0087.tif" />

heat-hardened resulting from the film exhibits a total free shrink at 85 ° C (185 ° F) of not more than 49% of the total free shrink at 85 ° C (185 ° F) of the film before the beginning of the hardening process thermal. Overheating may be from the full skirt and / or overhang, or from one or more regions of the skirt and / or overhang. Small regions can be heat hardened, including isolated points or lines, or even elongated regions through the skirt or shoulder, such as heat seal lines and areas extending outward from them. Heat hardening of at least a portion of the protrusion and / or skirt allows the packaging article to subsequently shrink around the product while leaving the protrusion and / or skirt more apparent and more accessible for consumer use.

Thermal hardening can be carried out in a variety of ways. For example, the skirt and / or protrusion (or any portion thereof) can be subjected to heat and pressure by contact with a hot stage, such as applying heat and pressure using a hot plate, a heated stage press, or even a seal bar, such as an impulse sealer. Τ sealing devices

<img file="MX359274B_D0088.tif" />

thermal, such as a spot sealer or a 'S'é'fí ^ dorSe

<img file="MX359274B_D0089.tif" />

impulse that uses a hot wire or a hot, inherently hot heat from that portion (i.e. region) of the film being heat sealed during the heat sealing process, so that the amount of heat required to harden with Heat is less than the amount of heat needed to seal the film to itself or another component in the package. Heat sealing uses enough heat that regions that extend out of the seal are also heat-hardened. The size of these outward regions of the seal depends on the way the heat seal is made, and the characteristics of the film being heat sealed. The processes used for heat curing generally cause both flat lay sides of a packaging article to heat heat in corresponding areas or portions or regions, i.e. areas or portions or regions of substantially equal size that are in contact with each other but that are on opposite sides of the article.

Heat hardening reduces the total free shrinkage exhibited by the heat hardened portion of the thermally shrinkable film. Meanwhile he

<img file="MX359274B_D0090.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0091.tif" />

Romvro MEXICAMJ Di PROPERTY nnusTRiAi heat hardening can be brought to 'CSlRj d cudlqul'tít desired degree, heat hardened film can exhibit total free shrink at 85 ° C (185 ° F) up to 50 percent; or up to 40%, or up to 30%, or up to 20%, or up to 10%, or up to 0 to 5%. Heat heating of a skirt or protrusion of a package, or regions of the skirt or protrusion, reduces unrestricted shrinkage of at least the heat-hardened regions of the skirt or protrusion during heating of the package to shrink the film against the product within of the package. Reducing unrestricted shrinkage of even a portion of the skirt or protrusion allows the skirt and / or protrusion to remain closer to its initial size and shape after the rest of the film shrinks around the product, particularly when heat setting It is carried out by heat sealing a first side of the skirt and / or protrusion to the second side of the skirt and / or protrusion. Reductions in unrestricted shrinkage and unrestricted curl of the skirt and / or boss make it easy for a consumer to detect and use tear initiators located on the skirt and / or boss.

As used herein, the term spot is used with reference to heat sealing and hardening with

<img file="MX359274B_D0092.tif" />

heat, the term referring to

<img file="MX359274B_D0093.tif" />

WenfUTO MEXICANO DS LA FROHÍDAD INDUSTRIAL any discrete area of ​​a packaging item in which (i) the film on one or both sides of the item is heat-hardened in the discrete area, or (ii) a first side of the item is sealed with heat and a second side of the article in the discreet area. The term point is used with reference to both a point seal as well as a point heat-hardened area. Knit seals from a first side of a skirt to the second side of the skirt have been made using a soldering station

HAKIO 936 adjusted for 100 ° C, fixed to which is the HAKO 907 soldering iron designated as being 24V / 50W.

As used herein, the phrase "perimeter seal" refers to a seal on an article skirt or ledge, the seal extending to the lake from at least 51 percent of the length of the skirt or ledge, the seal being toward outside of any tear initiators and grip assistants present on the skirt or boss.

In one embodiment, the film does not comprise a crosslinked polymer network. In another embodiment, the film comprises a network of crosslinked polymer. Optionally, the film can be irradiated to induce crosslinking of polymer, particularly polyolefin in the film. The film can be irradiated using a treatment

<img file="MX359274B_D0094.tif" />

of energy radiation, such as corona discharge, plasma, flame, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays, beta rays, and high-energy electronic treatment, which induces crosslinking between molecules of the irradiated material. The irradiation of polymeric films is described in

US Patent No. 4,064,296, to BORNSTEIN, et al., Which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference thereto. BORNSTEIN et al describe the use of ionization radiation to crosslink polymer present in the film.

Radiation dosages are referred to herein in terms of the RAD radiation unit, with one million RADS, also known as one megarad, being designated MR, or, in terms of the kiloGray (kGy) radiation unit, with 10 kiloGray representing 1 MR, as is known by those with experience in the field. An appropriate radiation dosage of high energy electrons is on the scale of up to about 16 to 166 kGy, more preferably around 30 to 90 kGy, and even more preferably, 30 to 50 kGY. Preferably irradiation is carried out by means of an electron accelerator and the dosage level is determined by conventional dosimetry processes. Other accelerators such as a van der Graaf or resonant transformer can be used. The

<img file="MX359274B_D0095.tif" />

Radiation is not limited to electrons since any ionizing radiation can be used.

The multilayer, thermally shrinkable film on the packaging article may be fully co-extruded, or prepared using an extrusion coating process. Optionally, an annular extrudate (also referred to herein as a tape) can be irradiated before additional layers are extrusion coated onto the substrate tape. Irradiation produces a stronger polymer network by crosslinking the polymer chains. Extrusion coating allows a portion of the final multilayer structure to be crosslinked by irradiation (and thus reinforced), in combination with avoiding irradiation, for example, of a layer of polyvinylidene chloride applied to the substrate through coating by extrusion. Irradiation of polyvinylidene chloride is undesirable because irradiation can cause degradation of polyvinylidene chloride. Extrusion coating and irradiation are described in US Patent No. 4,278,738, to Brax et al., Which is hereby incorporated, in its entirety, by reference thereto.

In multilayer film, thermally

<img file="MX359274B_D0096.tif" />

IMPI

SHRINKABLE MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY, all film layers can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the polymer composition of each film layer. Furthermore, all layers of peíí thousand a can be arranged symmetrically with respect to both composition and thickness. In one embodiment, the seal layer is

<td>thicker than</td><td colspan="2">the second</td><td>cap</td><td>external.</td><td>The</td><td>layer of</td><td colspan="2">stamp</td>

<td>can have a</td><td>thickness</td><td>of</td><td> 110%</td><td>at 300%</td><td>of the</td><td>thickness</td><td>of</td><td>the</td>

<td colspan="2">second outer layer, or</td><td>of</td><td> 150%</td><td>at 250%</td><td>of the</td><td>thickness</td><td>of</td><td>the</td>

second outer layer.

A thermally shrinkable multilayer film from which the packaging article can be made comprises seven layers in the order: 1/2/3/4/5/6/7. The first layer is an external food contact layer and seal layer, and comprises homogeneous ethylene / alphaolefin copolymer. The second layer comprising ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer. The third layer comprises a blend of polyamide 6 with polyamide 61.6] T. The fourth layer comprises EVOH. The fifth layer comprises a blend of polyamide 6 with polyamide 61.6T. The sixth layer comprises ethylene / methylacrylate copolymer. The seventh layer comprises a blend of low-density polyethylene and linear low-density polyethylene. See Example 16, below.

Another thermally shrinkable film from which

IMPI MEXICAN INSTITUTE ^lHTHE WOriWMD “INBUSnUAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0097.tif" />

can make the packaging item have ^{one to} _F1 ~ matul · · u. ΣΙΓΠΤί / tie / barrier / mix of polyamide 7 and / or polyamide 6/66 with polyamide 616T / bar / external abuse layer. The seal layer may contain ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer or other polymer suitable for use in a seal layer. The tie layers may contain an anhydride / alpha-olefin modified ethylene copolymer or other polymer suitable for use in a tie layer. The barrier layer may contain EVOH or any other polymer suitable for use in a barrier layer. The external abuse layer may contain polyester or any other polymer suitable for use in an external abuse layer, v. gr., polyolefin or polyamide, particularly high-density polyethylene or linear low-density polyethylene.

Another thermally shrinkable multilayer film from which the packaging article can be made comprises three layers in the order: 1/2/3. The first layer is an external food contact layer that also serves as a seal layer. The first layer comprises a blend of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, and homogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer. The second layer comprising polyvinylidene chloride. The third layer comprises a mixture of

<img file="MX359274B_D0098.tif" />

low-density ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene ΐ, ρηη 1 i and homogeneous ethylene / alpha olefin copolymer. See Example 12 below.

Another thermally shrinkable multilayer film from which the packaging article can be made comprises seven layers in the order: 1/2/3/4/5/6/7. The first layer 3 is an external food contact layer and it also serves as a seal layer. The first layer comprises a blend of homogeneous ethylene / alphaolefin copolymer and linear low density polyethylene. The second layer comprises a mixture of heterogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. The third layer comprises ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. The fourth layer comprises polyvinylidene chloride. The fifth layer comprises ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. The sixth layer comprises a mixture of heterogeneous ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. The seventh layer comprises a blend of homogeneous ethylene / alphaolefin copolymer and linear low density polyethylene. See Examples 1 and 2 below.

Figures 1A and 2 together illustrate a schematic of end seal bag 10, in a lying position.

IMPI

Λίτιτυτο Mexican OF THE INDUSTRIAL MONEDAD

<img file="MX359274B_D0099.tif" />

flat. The end seal bag 10 can be made from a seamless film pipe. Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of the end seal bag 10 of the

Figure 1A, taken through section 2-2 of Figure 1A. Seeing Figures 1A and 2 together, the end seal bag 10 comprises the heat shrinkable bag film 11, the top bag edge 12 defining a open top, first folded side edge 13, second folded side edge 14, bottom edge 15, and end seal 16. End seal 16 is commonly referred to as a factory seal because it is a seal made at the bag-making factory, rather than at the site where the bag is used to pack a product. The end seal bag 10 further has first side 17 lying flat, second side 18 lying flat, and bag skirt 19.

Bag flap 19 is out of the end seal (i.e. out in that bag flap 19 is farthest from the center of the end seal bag 10, and outside of the product-containing cavity within the bag End Seal 10). The bag skirt 19 includes a flat lay first side portion 17 and a flat lay second side portion 18. Bag flap 19 further comprises first tear initiator 20 in the

<img file="MX359274B_D0100.tif" />

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

MEAFRONtDA · inoustiml «nwiF« íiifiii Wiiúl&gt; ii-TT- »T ·. τ first flat lay side 17, and second tear initiator 21 (illustrated by a dashed line because it is below the first flat lay side 17) on the second flat lay side 18.

Figure IB illustrates a schematic of an alternate end seal bag 10 ', in a flat lay position. The end seal bag 10 'can be made from a seamless film pipe. Each end seal bag 10 'comprises heat shrinkable bag film 11', top bag edge 12 'which defines an open top, first folded side edge 13', second folded side edge 14 ', bottom edge 15', and 16 'curved end seal. The end seal bag 10 'further has first flat lay side 17', second flat lay side 18 ', and bag skirt 19'. The bag skirt 19 'is out of the curved end seal 16'. The bag skirt 19 'comprises first tear initiator 20' on the first flat lay side 17 ', and second tear initiator 21' (illustrated by a dashed line because it is below the first flat lay side 17 ') on the second side 18 'of flat lay. Both the first tear initiator 20 'and the second tear initiator 21' are indentations even when the pouch

<img file="MX359274B_D0101.tif" />

it does not extend to any curved end seal 16 'or bag bottom edge 15'. The end seal bag 10 'also has a holding aid hole 35 on the first flat lay side 17' and a second hold aid hole (not shown) on the second flat lay side 18 '. These holding aid holes make it easy to grip the bag for manual tear initiation and manual tear propagation.

The gripping aid holes can be sized to allow a user's finger to be inserted through them to aid in gripping the film. The grip assist holes work in conjunction with the tear starters, providing a secure manual grip of the pouch in a location designed to help generate tear start force along a tear line emanating from the tear initiators. ripping.

The gripping aid hole on a first flat lying side of the packing article may overlap or coincide with the gripping aid hole on a second flat lying side of the packing article. While the grip aid holes can have any desired shape (see. gr., round, rectangular, square, triangular, round, or any corners in the holes are rounded, to reduce the presence of stress concentration points that could cause a tear as an initiator to start from the object is to have a tear, with opposite side of the bag.

In one embodiment, they may be made by cutting planes of the film article to form the loosest hole difficult to carry the hole tearing the grip aid tear, initiated from the stream to an edge the aid holes through hole packing . Without gripping both sides stretched remove a piece of embargo, this process is carried out, and produces small pieces of film corresponding to the size of the cut. These pieces of film can be accommodated within the packaging article and a food product subsequently placed in the article which is of course an undesirable result. In order to adhere to packaging, to prevent the production of loose, small pieces of film, you can make a cut in the film in a way that corresponds to a partial hole cut, i.e. a cut through the film to make a portion of the gujero, the cut not being complete so that a hole is formed.

Said cut leaves a tab * · IMPI. WsWMro MtxiCANt JX k t&gt; E LA fams'DAU &lt;· „&gt; INDUSTRY *.

pigtail so that no separate small pieces of film are produced by cutting.

Figure IB and Figure

IC each illustrates the tongue made in tongue the pendant formed by the partial hole cut bag 10 '. As illustrated in Figure IC, the shear is formed by a cut having 63 and end points. It has been found that leaving the hanging tab 36 connected to the film 11 'via the cut end points 63 and 64 connecting 1 film results in a tear emanating from the tear start cuts 20' and 21 ', with the rip running through seal 16 'and through bag length 11. On the other hand, if a dangling tongue is formed by a cut as illustrated in Figure ID, or Figure 1E or Figure 1F, the use of the partial hole cut as gripping aids results in a tear that is unlikely to emanate from the cuts 20 'and 21' of tear start, but rather it is likely that the tear of the partial hole cut will start towards its lateral edge 13 'or towards the lower edge 15', as illustrated by the dashed lines in each of Figure ID, 1E and 1F.

The cutting tongue 36 can also be made of

<img file="MX359274B_D0102.tif" />

IMPI

FI THE FIlOMtTY so that it is connected to the film 11 'in íWP' ^ egftm oriented towards the cuts 209 'and 21' of rip start ”,” as illustrated in Figure IB and Figure 1C. The cut which forms the hanging tongue 36 may have end points which, if connected by a line, provide a line which is parallel to the edge 13 'on the side and / or parallel to the cut-off cuts 20' and 21 ', or by a line within plus or minus 30 degrees of being parallel to the edge 13 'on the side and / or cuts 20' and 21 'of tear initiation, or by aligning within plus or minus 25 degrees of being parallel to the edge 13 'on the side and / or cuts 20' and 21 'from tear start, or by a line within plus or minus 20 degrees of being parallel to edge 13 'lateral and / or cuts 20' and 21 'of tear start, or by means of a line I enter more or less 15 degrees to be parallel to the latral edge 13' and / or cuts 20 'and 21' of tear start, or by a line within plus or minus 10 degrees of being parallel to the edge 13 'on the side and / or cuts 20' and 21 'from tear start, or by a line of plus or minus 5 degrees from being parallel to the edge 13' lateral and / or cuts 20 'and 21' of tear start, or by a line within plus or minus 2 degrees of edge 13 'side and / or cuts 20' and 21 'of tear start.

bag 22 bag 22 film

Figures 3 and side seal, seamless side seal. Illustrated by a schematic of Τϊγ '/ - -----------------.-- in a flat lying position. The 'can be made from a pipe

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of the side seal bag 22 of Figure 3, taken through section 4-4 of Figure 3. The side seal bag 22 comprises the heat shrinkable pouch film 23, edge Upper 24 defining an open top, folded lower edge 25, first side seal 26, and second side seal 27. The side seal bag 22 has first side 28 lying flat, second side 29 lying flat, first bag skirt 30, and second bag skirt 31. The first bag skirt 30 is out of the first side seal 26 and the second bag skirt 31 is out of the second side seal 27. The first bag skirt 30 includes a flat lay first side portion and a flat lay second side portion 29. The first bag skirt 30 further comprises first tear initiator 31 on the first flat lay Ido 28, and second tear initiator 33 (illustrated by the dashed line because it is below the first flat lay side 28) on the second side 29 laying flat

Figure 5 illustrates a schematic of bag 70

IMPI

DimWIOMUlCANO delamopieüao side seal alternate, also in position ^ tendT $ ^ * ¿&gt; lanSrF

The bag 70 of it alternate lateral is puerR ^ Tiacer⁷”From a seamless film pipe. The alternate side seal bag comprises the heat shrinkable bag film 71, the top edge defining an open top, folded bottom edge 73, first 741 side seal, second side seal 75, and bottom seal 76. The alternate side seal bag 70 has first side 77 lying flat, second side 78 lying flat, first skirt 79, second bag skirt 80 and third bag skirt 81. The first pouch skirt 79 is out of the first side seal 74. The second bag skirt 80 is out of the second side seal 75. The third bag skirt 81 is out of the lower seal 76. The third bag skirt 81 includes a flat-lying first side portion 77 and a flat-lying second side portion 78. The third bag skirt further comprises the first tear initiator 82 on the first side 77 lying flat, and the second tear initiator 83 (illustrated by a dashed line because it is below the first side 77 lying flat) on the second side. 78 laying flat.

Figures 56A to 6L illustrate amplified cut-away portions of various modalities for a

IMPI,. , INSTITUTO MEXICANO thermal shrinkable end such as the bag

<img file="MX359274B_D0103.tif" />

In Figure 6A, bag 10A has an end seal 16A and bag skirt 19A on the first and second flat out sides of bag 10A. The first flat lying side 17Ά of the bag 10A has the slot 20A, and the second flat lying side 18A of the bag 10A has the matching slot 21A.

In Figure 6B, the bag 10B has the bag end seal 16B and bag skirt 19B on the first and second flat lay sides of the bag 10B, The first flat lay side 17B of the bag 10B has the V notch 20B, and the second Flat lying side 18B of bag 10B has a matching V-notch 2IB.

In Figure 6C, bag 10C has bag flap end seal 16C 19C on first and second flat lay sides of bag 10C. The first flat lying side 17C of the bag 10C has the round wrist 20C, and the second flat lying side 18C of the OC bag has the matching round notch 21C.

In Figure 6D, bag 10D has the end seal 16D and bag skirt 19 on the first and second flat sides of bag 10D. The first side 17D laying

<img file="MX359274B_D0104.tif" />

.PI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

<img file="MX359274B_D0105.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0106.tif" />

The plane of the bag 10D has the notch on the second side 18D of the flat plane of the bile — 10D Llune Ta notch 2ID coincident rectangular.

In Figure 6E, bag 10E has an end seal 16E and bag skirt 19E on the first and second flat lay sides of bag 10E. The first flat lying side 17E of the bag 10E has the slit hole 20E, and the second flat lying side 18E of the bag 10E has the matching slit hole 21E.

In Figure 6F, bag 10F has an end seal 16F and bag flange 19F on first and second flat sides of bag 10F. The first flat lying side 17F of the bag 10F has the round hole 20F, and the second flat lying side 18F of the bag 10F has the matching round hole 21F.

In Figure 6G, the bag 10G has a 16G end seal and a bag skirt 19G on the first and second flat sides of the 10G bag. The first flat lay side 17G of the 10G bag has the pointed oval hole 20G, and the second flat lay 18G side of the 10G bag has the coincident pointed oval hole 21G.

In Figure 6H, bag 10H has the end seal 16H and bag skirt 19H on first and second sides

<img file="MX359274B_D0107.tif" />

laying flat bag plane

<img file="MX359274B_D0108.tif" />

10H has rectangular hole 20H, and the second flat lying 18H side of bag 10H has matching rectangular hole 21H.

In Figure 61, the bag 101 has the end seal 161 and the bag skirt 191 on the first and second flat lay sides of the bag 101. The first flat lay side 171 of the bag 101 has the slit 201 and hole 351 of grip aid, and second side 181 flat lay of the bag

101 it has the matching slit 211 and the matching grip assist hole 361.

In Figure 6J, bag 10J has the end seal 16J and bag skirt 19J on the first and second flat lay sides of bag 10JH. The first flat lay side 17J of the bag 10JU has the slit 20J and grip assist holes 35J and 37J, and the second flat lay side 18J of the bag 10J has the matching slit 21j and the aid assist holes 36J and 38J matching grip.

In Figure 6K, the 10K bag has the 16K end seal and the 19K bag bag on the first and second flat lay sides of the 10K bag, The first 17K flat lay side of the 10K bag has the 20K slit and 39K tab grip aid, and the second 18K flat lay side of the

IΜ Ρ1 *. , ®® '·· ---- ♦ 10Κ bag has matching 21Κ slit and matching 40K grip assist tab.

In Figure 6L, bag 10L has end seal 16L and bag skirt 19L, on the first and second flat side of bag 10L. The first flat lying side 17L of the bag 10L has the slit 20L and the grip assist tabs 39L and 41L, and the second side 18L

<td>laying flat</td><td>of</td><td>the bag</td><td>10L</td><td>has</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">cleft</td><td>21L</td>

<td>coincident and</td><td>the</td><td>reeds</td><td>40L and</td><td>42L</td><td>of</td><td>help from</td><td colspan="2">grip</td>

<td>matching.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>The</td><td colspan="2">Figures 6M, 6N,</td><td>60, 6P</td><td>, 6Q,</td><td>6R,</td><td>6S, 6T,</td><td>6U,</td><td>6V,</td>

<td>6W, 6Y, 6Z,</td><td>6AA,</td><td>6BB, 6CC,</td><td>6DD,</td><td>6EE</td><td>and</td><td>6FF are</td><td colspan="2">views</td>

Detailed amplifications of various alternative modalities including tear initiator, with most of these modalities also including a grip assistant. The grip wizard is illustrated as a hole without a tab in Figures 6M, 6Q, 6LJ, 6BB, 6CC and 6DD. The grip assistant is illustrated as a hole with a hanging tab in Figures 6N, 6^or, 6P, 6R, 6S, 6T, 6V, 6W, 6X, 6Y, h 6FF.

It has been found that the tear start can be generated with less force if the tear initiator is an angled indentation relative to the side edge of the packaging article, i.e. towards the packaging article, as illustrated, for example,

<img file="MX359274B_D0109.tif" />

OF lAFROHl-. ___ in Figure 6M. '^NrT®^UAheñ? H may be angled from 1 to 45 degrees outside ^ üW^r 1 a * Ul CC1 ft'ft of machine, or angled from 3 to 30 degrees, or angled from 5 to 25 degrees, or angled from 10 &lt;20 degrees, or angled around 15 degrees.

A plurality of heat shrinkable end seal bags can be supplied individually in a container, or as a set of individual bags in staggered relationship on one or more tapes in accordance with US Patent No. 4,113,139, incorporated herein, in its entirety, by reference to it.

Alternatively, a plurality of bags can be provided as a continuous strip of ribbed bags, as illustrated in Figures 7A, 7B and 7C. The continuous strips of bags in these figures are end seal bags connected to each other end to end, with a tear line of perforations being present so that the bags can come off the strip. Figure 7A illustrates a portion of an elongated strip comprised of a large number of end seal bags 65 made from a continuous seamless film pipe. Each end seal bag has first side edge 67, second side edge 69, bottom seal 71, and bottom edge connected to the

<img file="MX359274B_D0110.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0111.tif" />

NMWUTO MEXICANO DE LA EROHEDAC. INDUSTRIAL upper edge of adjacent bag along line and brittle rip formed by perforations through both flat lay sides of seamless film pipe. Each end seal bag 65 is also provided with tear initiator 75 and grip assistant 77, in the form of a hole through each flat lay side of the bag. One or both holes can be made with a hanging tab on it, as described above.

Figure 7B illustrates an alternate set of bags 65 'also made of continuous seamless film tubing. Each end seal bag 65 'has a first edge 67, second side edge 69, curved bottom seal 71', a curved bottom edge connected to a curved top edge of the adjacent bag along curved tear line 73 ' formed by perforations through both flat lay sides of the seamless film pipe. Each end seal bag 65 'is also provided with tear initiator 75, tear assist 77 in the form of a hole through each flat lay side of the bag.

Figure 7C illustrates an alternate set of bags also made from seamless film tubing.

<img file="MX359274B_D0112.tif" />

keep going. Each end seal bag 65 has first side 671 edge, second side edge 69, curved bottom seal 71 ', and straight bottom edge connected to a straight top edge of the adjacent bag along the straight tear line 73 formed by the perforations. through both flat lay sides of the seamless film pipe. Each end seal bag 65 is also provided with tear starter 75, tear assist 77 in the form of holes through each flat lay side of the bag.

The combination of the straight tear line 73 and the curved bottom seal 71 'on the ribbed bag strip illustrated in Figure 7C, provides extra space for the tear initiators and hand grip assistants while at the same time providing a curved seal to better fit a variety of meat products to be packed in shrink bags. Otherwise, rip starters and hand grip assistants require longer pouch skirt length (eg, pouches in Figure 7A and 7B) to provide the same amount of space for rip starters and rips. grip assistants. Additionally, the straight tear line 73 provides pockets that prevent bending at the end

<img file="MX359274B_D0113.tif" />

100

<img file="MX359274B_D0114.tif" />

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF THE INDUSTRIAL FMWIEÜAD open top of the bag. The curved top edge of the packaging items of a curved edge bag top pate as in the bags in Figure 7B can cause problems in various commercial automated bag loaders that will use air pressure inflation to open the bag, such as Pointed edge regions of the bags tend to fold inward. Also, the pointed edge of a curved edge bag top may come out of alignment required for use with commercial suction cup style bag bag opening devices.

Figure 8 illustrates a schematic of a preferred process for producing the multilayer thermally shrinkable film from which the packaging article could be made. In the process illustrated in Figure 8, the solid polymer beads (not illustrated) are fed to a plurality of extruders 120 8 for simplicity, only one extruder is illustrated). Within extruders 120, the polymer beads are shipped, melted, and degassed after which the resulting bubble-free melt is shipped to the die head 122, and extruded through an annular die, resulting in tubing 124 which is from 0.254 to

0.076 mm (10 to 30 mils) thick, more preferably 0.381

101

<img file="MX359274B_D0115.tif" />

shield-surrounded irradiation 132, where pipe 124 is irradiated with high-energy electrons (ie, radiation by ionization) from iron-core transformer accelerator 134. Line 214 is guided through roll irradiation vault 130. Preferably, line 124 is irradiated at a level of about 4.5 MR.

After irradiation, the irradiated line 138 is routed through gripping rollers 140, after which line 138 is slightly inflated, resulting in trapped bubble 142. However, in the trapped bubble 142, the tubing is not stretched longitudinally significantly, since the surface speed of the gripping rollers 144 is about the same as the speed of the gripping rollers 140. Furthermore, the irradiated pipe 138 is inflated only enough to provide a substantially circular pipe without significant cross-orientation, ie, without stretching.

102

Slightly inflated, the irradiated tubing 138

<img file="MX359274B_D0116.tif" />

it passes through the vacuum chamber 14 6, and is then sent through die liner 148. The second tubular film 150 is melt extruded from the coating die 148 and lined with the slightly inflated, irradiated tube 138 to form two-layer tubular film 152. The second tubular film 150 preferably comprises an O2 barrier layer, which does not pass through ionizing radiation. Additional details of the above described coating step are generally disclosed in US Patent No. 4,278,738, to BRAX et al., Which is hereby incorporated, in its entirety, by reference thereto.

After irradiation and coating, the two-layer tubing film 152 is wound onto the take-up roll 154. The reel roll 154 is then removed and installed as the unwind roll 156, in a second step in the process of making the pipe film as ultimately desired. The two-layer tubular film 52 from the unwinding roller 156 is unwound and passed over the gui roller 158, after which the two-layer tubular film 152 passes into the hot water bath tank 160 containing water 162 heats. Tubular film 152, coated, irradiated,

103 now dejected it is immersed in 162 hot water

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<img file="MX359274B_D0117.tif" />

LMpí '• WWWOMMicanq ⁰⁸ INDUSTRIAL currency

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a temperature of about 99 ° C (210 ° F) for a retention time of at least about 5 seconds, that is, for a period of time in order to bring the film to the desired temperature for biaxial orientation. Next, the irradiated tubular film 152 is directed through the grip rollers 164, and the bubble 166 is blown, thereby transversely stretching the tubular film 152. Furthermore, while being blown, i.e., stretched transversely, the grip rollers 168 attract tubular film 152 in the longitudinal direction, as the grip rollers 168 have a surface speed greater than the surface speed of the grip rollers 164. As a result of transverse stretching and longitudinal stretching, the irradiated, coated biaxially oriented blown pipe film 170 is produced, this blown pipe preferably having been stretched in a ratio of about 1: 1.5 - 1: 6, and stretched in a ratio of about 1: 1.5-1: 6. More preferably, the stretching and pulling are each performed in a ratio of about d 1: 2 - 1: 4. The result is preferably 1: 4 - 1:16. While bubble 166 is biaxially oriented around 1: 2.25 - 1:36, more

<img file="MX359274B_D0119.tif" />

104 holds between rollers 164

<img file="MX359274B_D0120.tif" />

film 170 of blown pipe is folded down by rollers

172, and then transferred through the rollers

168 grip and through guide roller 174, and then

<td>wind on winding roll 176.</td><td>The</td><td>roller 178</td><td>crazy</td>

<td>ensures a good roll.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Figure 9 illustrates a view</td><td>in</td><td>perspective</td><td>of the</td>

<td>50 pack made by placing a product</td><td>of</td><td>meat towards</td><td>a</td>

end seal bag having the end seal 51, evacuating the atmosphere from within the bag, and sealing the closed bag with the packing seal 55, and then excess bag length is trimmed and discharged. The bag skirt 652 has the slot 53 therein as the tear initiators to initiate manual opening of the package 50. The slot 53 extends in the machine direction, toward the end seal 51 from the bottom edge 54 of the bag .

Figure 10 illustrates the package 50 'in an intermediate stage of the manual opening process, that is, after the bag has been torn for a distance of

<td>around</td><td>of</td><td>25% of the</td><td>length of the</td><td>bag,</td><td>revealing</td><td>the</td>

<td>product</td><td> 58</td><td>of meat.</td><td>Ripping</td><td>56 of</td><td>direction</td><td>of</td>

machine, linear has been manually propagated through the

105 msrn uta mexican DE la rtOPIlDAD stamp 51 end and below the length of ⁿ± a ^^ olsa ~ “c [e end seal. Note that the tear 5o in the machine direction does not end up being propagated to the side edge 57 of the package 50.

Figure 11 illustrates the 50 ° package at a final stage in the manual opening process, that is, after the end seal pouch has been ripped a corresponding distance over 90% of its length, toward the opposite edge of the package packaging item, exposing enough of the length of the product 58 and meat that the product can be easily removed from the package 50. The linear machine direction tear 56 'has been manually propagated through the end seal 51 and down the length of the end seal bag.

Figure 12 illustrates a perspective view of the comparative package 60 after the tear has started and spread almost to completion, i.e. near completion at the side edge 61, about 15 to 20 percent below the length of the package. Package 60 is representative of most thermally shrinkable bags on the market today that, if provided with a rip starter on the skirt of the bag, undergo this type of ripping and 62 manual ir i

MEXICAN INSTITUTE '

OF THE PROPERTY . . . . , INDUSTRIAL start and spread the dog paw edge on your

106

<img file="MX359274B_D0121.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0122.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0123.tif" />

side, whereby the meat product 58 cannot be easily removed from the torn package 60.

Figure 13 illustrates a schematic of an alternative thermally curable end seal bag, in a flat lying position. End seal bag 10 comprises heat shrinkable bag film 11, upper bag edge 12 defining an open top, first folded side edge 13, second folded side edge 14, bottom edge 15, and end seal 16. The end seal bag 10 further has the bag skirt 19 out from the end seal 16. The end seal bag has the slit 20 which is a tear initiator on a first flat lying side of the bag, and the slit 51 which is a tear initiator on the second flat lying side of the bag. The end seal bag also has hole 120 which is a grip assistant on the first flat lying side of the bag and hole 123 which is a grip assistant on the second flat lying side of the bag. The tear initiator and grip assistant are positioned near the top edge 12 of the bag. When a product is placed in the bag and the bag is sealed sealed so that it surrounds the product, the

107 rip initiator and the

<img file="MX359274B_D0124.tif" />

then placed at the length in px — mu ib!. &lt;......- run away known as the bag tail or bag overhang. Frequently, the bag glue provides more area for inclusion of the tear initiator and the grip assistant than the bag skirt 19.

Figure 14 illustrates a schematic view of the alternative side seal bag 22 in a flat lay configuration. Side seal bag 22 comprises upper edge 24 defining an open top, folded lower edge 25, first lateral seal 26, and second lateral seal 27, transverse lower seal 34, first side lying flat, second side 29 lying flat, first skirt 30 in the bag, and second skirt 31 in the bag and third skirt 204 in the bag. The first bag skirt 30 is out of the first side seal 26, the second bag skirt 31 is out of the second side seal 27, and the third bag skirt 204 is outside of the bottom seal 34.

The third bag skirt 204 comprises the first tear initiator 201 and first grip assistant 203, each of which is present on both flat lay sides of the bag 22. The first bag skirt 30 comprises the second tear initiator 202 and second grip assistant 204,

108 each of which are present in

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY AMKSOSU.

<img file="MX359274B_D0125.tif" />

flat lay of the bag 22.

After ..that — oo ooloo a product in the bag, and the bag is sealed sealed, the side seal bag can be opened by making a first tear propagated from the first initiator 201 tear, the tear being propagated for the full length of bag 22, thereby opening the bag for product removal. The side seal bag can then be subjected to a second tear propagated from the second tear initiator 202, the second tear being propagated across the full remaining width of the bag 22, improving the ease of removal of the product from the open package.

Figure 15 illustrates a schematic view of the alternative side seal bag 22 'in a flat lay configuration. Bag 22 'has upper edge 245 defining an open top, folded lower edge 25, first lateral seal 26, and second lateral seal 27, transverse lower seal 34, first side 28 lying flat, second side 29 lying flat, first bag skirt 30, second bag skirt 31, and third bag skirt 204. The first bag skirt 30 is out of the first side seal 26, the second bag skirt 31 is out

109

<img file="MX359274B_D0126.tif" />

Mexican institute DE LA FROPIEÜAO INDUSTRIAL of the second lateral seal 27, and the third faldórrg04 ih! i bulsa is outside the lower 34 seal. The third bag skirt 3204 comprises the first tear initiator 201 and first grip assistant 203, each of which is present on both flat lay sides of the bag 22. The first bag skirt 30 is purchased from the second tear initiator 206 and second grip assistant 208, each of which is present on both flat lay sides of the bag 22 '. After a product is placed in the bag, and the bag is sealed sealed, the package made of the bag 22 'can be opened by making a first tear propagated from the first tear initiator 201, the tear being propagated for the full lengths 22 * 1 bag in this way opening the bag for product removal. The bag 22 'can then be subjected to a second tear propagated from the second tear initiator 2306, the second tear being propagated through the entire remaining gap of the bag 22', thereby improving the easy removal of the product from the package. Unlike bag 22 in Figua 14, the order in which you rip first is not important in opening bag 22 '.

Figure 16 illustrates a schematic view of the

110

P

Srf.l. JU ·· bag 22 stamp (NSTTTUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPERTY Os alternative side in^{, NDU}¿™ Flat lay nigigration. Bag 22 has the upper 2.4 edge defining an open top, folded bottom edge 25, first side seal 26, and second side seal 27, transverse bottom seal 34, first side 28 lying flat, second side 29 lying flat, first bag skirt 30, second bag skirt 31 and third bag skirt 204. The first bag skirt 30 is out of the first side seal 26, the second bag skirt 31 is out of the second side seal 27, and the third bag skirt 24 is out of the bottom seal 34. Near the top edge 24 of bag 22, in a region intended to be a bag glue after a product is placed in bag 22 and a seal is made through bag 22 so that the product is completely enclosed Inside the bag is the first tear initiator 207 and first grip assistant 209, each of which is present on both flat lay sides of the bag 22. The first bag skirt 30 comprises the second tear initiator 211 and second grip assistant 213, each of which is present on both flat lay sides of the bag 22. After a product is placed in the bag 22 and the bag se

111 close open fí fX / fl ' ^{, Nn}* nJ7? í^{EX, CAN}o ' ^Lkw WWííDad sealed, the package made of the bag 2z^WSTRIto^land

<img file="MX359274B_D0127.tif" />

making a first propagated rip cTéáde —- ei --- first initiator

207 tear, the tear being spread over the entire length of bag 22, thereby opening the bag for product removal. The bag 22 can then be subjected to a second tear propagated from the second tear initiator 211, the second tear being propagated across the full remaining width of the bag 22, thereby enhancing the easy thrill of the product from the open package.

Figure 17 is a schematic of an apparatus for carrying out the process of placing tear initiators in the protrusion region of the heat shrinkable end seal bag, with the tear initiators being made on the protrusion during the packaging process. .

The initiators (And ripping the grip assistants

<td>optional)</td><td>I know</td><td>they can</td><td>make in</td><td colspan="2">the bag already</td><td>be before</td><td>or</td>

<td>after</td><td>than</td><td colspan="2">the product is</td><td>place</td><td>at</td><td>Article</td><td>of</td>

<td>pack already</td><td>be</td><td>before or</td><td colspan="2">After the</td><td>bag</td><td>evacuates,</td><td>and</td>

<td>either before</td><td>or</td><td>then</td><td>what I know</td><td>make the</td><td>stamp</td><td colspan="2">thermal for</td>

tear initiators in the pouch. Placing close bag after product is placed in bag

112 ρ · the packaging item in Figure 17 is an end seal bag, the packaging item could be any packaging item in accordance with one or more of the various aspects of the invention described above.

FIG. 17 illustrates a portion of the vacuum chamber packaging machine 300, such as an 8600 series automated rotary chamber vacuum packaging machine from Cryovac, Inc. After the end seal bag 302 having the product 304 in it is placed in the open vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber cover 306 is lowered to close the vacuum chamber and hold the upper portion (protrusion) of bag 302 so that bag 302 is clamped between chamber lid 306 and vacuum chamber base 308. For simplicity, only small portions of the camera cap 306 and camera base 308 are illustrated in Figure 17. For more detailed information on this machine, see US Patent No. 4,550,548, which is hereby incorporated by reference, in its entirety.

Once bag 302 is held in place and closed chamber lid 306, one or more holes are drilled through both sides of the protrusion portion of

113 the knife bag position \ "TOS" i * ·· INDUSTRIAL

302 by moving hacjp '. \ below the

310 drilling machine, which retracts after the illustrated one. These holes allow the atmosphere to easily evacuate bag 302 as the atmosphere is evacuated from the closed vacuum chamber. After atmospheric evacuation is complete, the seal grip 312 moves downward (i.e., toward the position illustrated in Figure 17) so that the bag 302 is clamped between the heat seal wires 314 and the platen 316 heat seal. The heat seal wires 314 are heated to produce a heat seal through the bag 3021, resulting in the closure of the bag 302 and the formation of a packaged product. Shortly thereafter, the tear initiator blade 318 activates downward and then retracts, with the tear initiator blade 318 piercing both sides of the bag 302 to produce machine-directed tear initiators on either side of the protrusion of the bag 302. Optionally, a separate grip assistant blade (not illustrated, but preferably positioned along the side and spaced a short distance from blade 318) is activated downward and then retracted, so that it cuts through both sides of the shoulder of the bag 302, to form a grip assistant on each side of

114

<img file="MX359274B_D0128.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0129.tif" />

the bag 302 is then excessively activated. The cutter blade 320 cut down to cut the protruding length of the bag 302. The chamber is then opened and the now easy to open packaged product is removed from the chamber.

While the process described above with respect to Figure 17 could be used to make a packaged product easy to open, alternatively the process could be carried out on vertical filling and sealing machines or horizontally filling and sealing machines. , to produce easy-to-open packaged products. Typically, vertical and horizontal filling and sealing processes are not carried out under vacuum. Such equipment, packaging, and processes are set forth in USPN 4,905,452,

USPN 4,861,414 and USPN 4,768,411, each of which is hereby incorporated, in its entirety, by reference thereto.

The rip starters (and optional grip wizards) can also be designed to facilitate automated opening, in addition to being designed to facilitate manual ripping to open the package. Automated ripping devices include hooks actuated by pneumatic actuators (air or

115 hydraulic or electrical),

<img file="MX359274B_D0130.tif" />

chain conveyors, motorized hooks, and clamps instead of hooks.

Figure 18 illustrates a product schematic

330 Packaging in which product 332 is packaged within article 334 of packaging which has a factory seal 336 and a customer seal 338. Packing item 334 includes projection 340 with tear initiator 342 through each

<td>side of the</td><td>package</td><td>and</td><td colspan="2">with pairs</td><td>of assistants</td><td> 344</td><td>and 346</td><td>of</td>

<td>grip,</td><td colspan="2">each to</td><td>being</td><td>to</td><td colspan="2">through both</td><td>sides</td><td>of the</td>

<td>package,</td><td colspan="2">with a pair</td><td>being</td><td>in</td><td>a first side</td><td>of the</td><td colspan="2">initiator</td>

<td colspan="2">342 ripping,</td><td>and</td><td>the other</td><td>pair</td><td>being in the</td><td colspan="2">other side</td><td>of the</td>

<td>initiator</td><td>342 of</td><td colspan="2">ripping.</td><td>Of</td><td>this way,</td><td>the</td><td>pairs</td><td>of</td>

Hooks or clamps can hold the package using the grip wizards 344 and 346 and then automatically open the packing item 334. A robot, or other device that holds and tears the package by opening it, or hanging the packaged product on hooks on diverging tracks, could be used to automatically open package 334.

Figure 19 illustrates the side seal bag 350 having first side seal 352, second side seal 354, skirt sides 356 and 357 facing outward from the first

IMPI

116 ιντπΤίτο mexjouo

<img file="MX359274B_D0131.tif" />

DE LA FRariHDAD industrial V side 352 seal, 358 and 359 skirt sides out from T second 354 side seal, top 360 open, and bottom 362 edge folded. The skirt side 356 has a plurality of tear initiators 364 therein, the skirt side 357 has a plurality of tear initiators 366 therein (illustrated with dotted lines). The plurality of tear initiators 364 are positioned at intervals along skirt side 356, and the plurality of tear initiators 366 are positioned at intervals along skirt side 357. Each individual tear initiator 364 on the skirt side 356 is paired with an individual tear initiator 366 on the skirt side 357, so that paired sets of tear initiators 364 and 366 are provided. In the embodiment of Figure 19, bag 350 is shown in a flat lay configuration, with each individual tear initiator 364 aligning directly on each individual tear initiator 366.

By packing a product in bag 350 and sealing closed bag 350 and shrinking bag 350 around the product inside, a ripping force is exerted on a paired set of individual tear initiators 364 and 366 simultaneously initiating two rips at

117

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEnC — D

OF THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX359274B_D0132.tif" />

machine direction, each tear passing through the heat seal 352 and then spreading through the film along a line running through a portion of the film corresponding to what was once a flat lay side of the bag 350 before of shrinking the film around the product. Tears propagate through skirt sides 356 357, through heat seal 352, through pqeute, through seal 354, and then through skirt sides 358 and 359, so that a portion The film can be separated from the rest of the film in order to expose a portion of the product and / or allow the product to be removed from the package. Of course, if the film has shrunk tightly around the product, removal of a portion of the film leaves the rest of the film tightly wrapped around the product, thereby preserving freshness. As is also evident from Figure 19, the tear initiators 364 and 366 may be oriented slits perpendicular to seal 352. As such, the tear initiators 364 and 366 are oriented directly in line with the machine direction in which the film was produced.

In Figure 19, skirt sides 356 and 357 are each provided with a plurality of

<img file="MX359274B_D0133.tif" />

118

<img file="MX359274B_D0134.tif" />

ripping so that by packing a product into bag 350 and shrinking the film around the product, two rips can be started from a first paired set of rip starters 364 and 366, i.e. a pair of rip starters close to either the folded bottom edge 362 or the transverse heat seal (not shown) made through the top of the bag 350 to close the bag 350 after the product is placed inside the bag 350. The two tears can be propagated through the film into tears corresponding to the width of the package. Each tear is made through what was originally a flat lay side of bag 350. The result of tearing all the way through the package is that a portion of the film forming the package is removed to expose a portion of the product. , while leaving a remainder of the product covered by the remaining portion of the film that forms the package. In this way, most or substantially all of the unused portion of the product can remain covered by the film, with the rest of the product thus retaining greater freshness than if exposed to the environment, including handling.

119 industrial

If desired, the now exposed end of the rest of the product can be covered with a separate cover, such as a piece of separate film, such as stretched film, or the like. As more product is desired for consumption, the next pair of individual tear initiators in the sequence can be used to make another tear through the entire package, one more product to be removed, and the process repeats, until all the product is consumed.

Figure 20 illustrates a portion of an end seal bag 370 having the end seal 372, first folded side edge 374, second folded side edge 376, bottom edge 378, skirt 379, a plurality of first tear initiators 380 in the first side of skirt 379, a plurality of second tear initiators 382 8 illustrated with dotted lines) on a second side (not shown) of skirt 379, with the plurality of first tear initiators 380 being placed at intervals along the first skirt side 379, and the plurality of second tear initiators 382 being placed at intervals along the second side of the skirt 379. Each initiator 380 of single rip rn the first skirt side 379 is paired with a rip starter 382

IMPI

120

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF INDUSTRY PROPERTY !.

<img file="MX359274B_D0135.tif" />

Individual on the back of the skirt — 379 ·; —Together provide a matched set of two rip starters. When the end seal bag 370 is in the flat lay configuration, each of the first tear initiators 380 is directly aligned on a corresponding second tear initiator 382. After placing a product in the bag and sealing it by closing under vacuum and shrinking the bag around the product, a manual tear action at the location of a single pair of 380 and 382 tear initiators causes the simultaneous start of two machine direction tears below e the length of each flat side of bag 350. In the embodiment of Figure 20, the end seal bag 370 is shown in a flat lay configuration, with each individual tear initiator 384 lining up directly over each individual tear initiator 386. Each tear passes through heat seal 372 and then spreads down the length of bag 370 along a line through a portion of the film that corresponds to what was a single flat side of bag 370 before shrinkage of the bag around the product. Tears pass through the upper seal (not shown) like this

121 nwi

<img file="MX359274B_D0136.tif" />

as through the protrusion (not shown) above the top seal, so that a portion of the film can be separated from the rest of the film, exposing a portion of the product and / or allowing the product to be removed from the package. As in Figure 19, in Figure 20 skirt 379 is provided with a plurality of tear initiators for use in a manner analogous to the manner described above for Figure 19.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of side seal pouch 390 having outward side seal 392 of which a skirt 391 having first tear initiator 396 on first side 394 and second tear initiator 400 on the second side 398, with knit heat seals 402 and 404 in which the first side 394 of skirt 391 is heat sealed to a second side 398 of skirt 391. Those portions of skirt 391 within knit seals 402 and 404 are heat hardened. Additionally, a small area of ​​film surrounding the dot seals also hardens with heat, as the heat from the seal operation generally radiates outward, heat-hardening more film than just the bonded areas. After placing a product inside bag 390 and evacuating the atmosphere from inside bag 390 and

122

<img file="MX359274B_D0137.tif" />

MEXICAN INSTITUTE, _Ί OF ROWÍDAD seal through the top of the EJEHWá * ·

<img file="MX359274B_D0138.tif" />

sealing the product inside the package the 'piddirctü' packaged is typically passed through a hot air tunnel to shrink the film around the product. Heat setting reduces the tendency of skirt 391 to shrink during shrinkage of the rest of the film surrounding the product. Thermal hardening will also reduce curling of the skirt sides 394 and 398 during shrinkage of the film. The decreased curl and decreased shrinkage resulting from heat hardening of portions of skirt 391 provides improved identification and utilization of tear initiators 396 and 400 by a consumer of the package.

Figure 22 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of side seal bag 406 having outward side seal 408 of which is skirt 410 having tear initiator 4121 and skirt 414 having tear initiator 416, with Knit heat seals 418 and 420 where skirt 410 is heat sealed to skirt 4145. As with the embodiment of Figure 21, those portions of the film within the knit stamps 418 and 420 are heat-hardened, as well as the small areas of film surrounding the knit stamps. In addition, the modality

123 Figure 22 has holes iNSTrrvro Mexican,. , ΟΕΙΛΓΚΟΜΕΒΑΟNtwgerre assistants' - ^ qt have borders 422 and 424 on the first skirt »“ 4i ^ 7 ™ and ayujWTüS^- respective grip aid holes having edges 426 and 428 on skirt 414. Grip aid holes bounded by edges 422, 424, 426 and 428 provide locations that are easier to fasten for the purpose of initiating tears from initiators 412 and 416 rip.

Figure 23 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of bag 430 and side seal having top 431 open, bottom edge 433 folded, side seal 432 outward of which is skirt 434 having a plurality of initiators 436 tear, skirt 438 having a plurality of tear initiators 440, and a plurality of knit heat seals 442, and 444 on either side of each of tear initiators 436 and 440, wherein the skirt 434 is heat sealed to the skirt 438. As with the embodiment of Figure 21, those portions of the films within the knit stamps 442 and 444 are heat-hardened, as well as the small areas of film surrounding the stamps 442 and 44 point. Furthermore, the embodiment of Figure 23 has gripping aid holes having edges 446 on either side of each tear initiator 436 in the first skirt 434, and

124

<img file="MX359274B_D0139.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA MONEDAD INDUSTRIAL the respective grip aid holes having edges 448 on either side of each initiator 440 d rip in skirt 438. The embodiment of Figure 23 provides multiple locations of mode matched 436 and 440 initiators. What portions of the package can come off, leaving a remnant of the film around the product in the bag. For simplicity purposes only two pairs of tear initiators are illustrated in Figure 23.

Figure 24 illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a comparative packaged product 450 made by placing a product into an end seal bag, after which the atmosphere is evacuated from the bag and the bag is sealed sealed with heat seal made through the top of the bag (not shown), with the film having been shrunk tight against the product. The bag has a skirt (452) below the end seal 8454), with the skirt 8452) having two sides lying flat, with each side lying flat being provided with a tear starter (456) therethrough. While the end seal pouch is provided with tear initiators in the form of indentations through each flat lay side of the pouch skirt, during shrinkage of the film the tear initiating indentations take on somewhat

125

IMPI

IHSTfnZi Ú MEXICANO

OWNERSHIP V&gt; ter3E * J INDUSTRIAL Oval tip-painted 456 rip starters, as shown. - * - '- = ▼ TT »ir -a, illustrated in Figure 24. The excess bag length has been cut from the protrusion (not shown) and the ground product run through a shrink tunnel in which the film was heated and shrunk around the product. During film shrinkage, skirt 452 undergoes substantially unrestricted and curled free shrinkage, thereby partially or completely obscuring the tear initiators from direct view, making it more difficult to find and use tear initiators.

Figure 25 illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a packaged 460 product also made using an end seal bag from which the atmosphere is evacuated and the bag is sealed sealed with a heat seal made through the top of the bag (not illustrated) with the film having been shrunk tight against the product. Skirt 462 extends below end seal 464, with skirt 462 having two flat sides, with each side lying flat being provided with a tear initiator &lt;8466 and 468, respectively). During shrinkage of the film, transverse shrinkage causes the tear-starting grooves to take a somewhat pointed oval shape from the

126 initiators

466 and 4 68 of

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROrliDAP

<img file="MX359274B_D0140.tif" />

tear of Figure 25. The gripping aid holes defined by edges 470 and

474 They are placed on either side of the tear initiator 466, and the gripping aid holes defined by orders 472 and 47 6 are placed on either side of the tear initiator 468. The two flat out sides of the 462 skirt are also heat sealed together with the seals

478 and 480 point. In addition to providing a mechanical bond on the flat sides of each other to resist curling, the film is heat-hardened in the seal region.

470 and point 472, and an area that extends radially outward a short distance around each of point seals 470 and 472 is also heat-hardened. Heat hardening of these portions of skirt 472 reduces shrinkage of the skirt during shrinkage of the film, causing the skirt 472s to undergo less

<td>shrink and</td><td colspan="2">kinky libes</td><td>of what</td><td>than</td><td colspan="2">would happen without</td><td>the</td>

<td>hardening</td><td>with</td><td>hot. How</td><td colspan="2">Outcome,</td><td>s</td><td>evident from</td><td>the</td>

<td>Figure 25 that</td><td>the</td><td>initiators</td><td>466 and</td><td> 468</td><td>of</td><td>ripping,</td><td>So</td>

as the gripping aid pockets defined by edges 470, 472, 474 and 476 are more easily identified and used by a consumer, due to less shrinkage and less curling, making it easier to find and use initiators 466 and

<img file="MX359274B_D0141.tif" />

127

INDUSTMAl

<img file="MX359274B_D0142.tif" />

468 than for the modality of Figure 24.

Figure 26 illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a packaged 490 product also made using an end seal bag from which the atmosphere is evacuated and the bag is sealed sealed with a heat seal made through the top from the bag (not shown), with the film having been shrunk pressed against the product. As in the package of Figure 25, the packaged product 490 of Figure 26 has skirt 492 extending below end seal (494, with skirt (492) having two flat lay sides, each of which is provided with a tear initiator (496 and 498, respectively). The gripping aid holes defined by the edges 500 and 502 are placed on either side of the tear initiator 496, and the gripping aid holes defined by the edges 504 and 506 are placed on either side of the tear initiator 498. The two flat lay sides of skirt 462 are heat sealed together in four discrete point seals: 508, 510, 512, and 514, each of which heat-hardens the film in the seal region as well as a region that extends radially outward a short distance around each of the point seals. Heat hardening of these

128 skirt portions 492

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX359274B_D0143.tif" />

reduces the shrinkage of the skirt during shrinkage of the film, causing the r62 skirt to undergo less free and curled shrinkage than would occur without heat setting. As a result, it is evident from Figure 26 that the initiators 496 and 498, as well as the gripping aid holes defined by the edges 470, 472, 474 and 476, are even more readily apparent than in Figure 25, making them even more The rip starters 4 66 and 468 are easier to find and use than for the Figure 25 modality.

Figure 27 illustrates a perspective view of a portion of an alternative packaged product 520 also made using an end seal bag from which the atmosphere is evacuated and the bag is sealed sealed with a heat seal made through the top of the bag (not illustrated), with the film having been shrunk tight against the product. As in the package of Figure 25, the packaged product 520 of Figure 27 has skirt 522 extending below end seal (524), with skirt (522) having two flat sided sides, each of which is provided with a tear initiator &lt;8526 and 528, respectively). The gripping aid holes defined by edges 530 and 532 are positioned at

129 any

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROHE * AD INDUSTRIAL starter side 526 d rip, and holes

<img file="MX359274B_D0144.tif" />

aiding aid defined by edges 534 and 536 positioned on either side of tear initiator 528. The two flat lay sides of skirt 522 are heat sealed together at the perimeter of heat seal 38 which extends the full width of skirt 522 and is positioned near the bottom edge 540 of packaged product 520. The perimeter heat seal 54p heat-hardens the portion of the film in the seal region as well as a region that extends slightly outward in both directions from the seal itself.

Heat-hardening of this portion of skirt 522 reduces shrinkage of the skirt during shrinkage of the film, causing skirt 522 to undergo less shrinkage and curl free than would occur without heat-hardening. As a result, it is evident from Figure 27 that the tear initiators 526 and 528, as well as the grip assist holes defined by edges 530, 532, 534, and 536, are in a configuration to be more easily seen by a consumer, and more easily used by a consumer. It also helps a consumer to distinguish the design and intended use of the package. Less curly, along with the opening

4b

130

IMPI Mexican Institute OF THE INDUSTRIAL MOHttMD

<img file="MX359274B_D0145.tif" />

right up to the tear start slits, it makes it easier to 'put the dice through the gripping aid holes. Less curling and opening to the tear start slits makes it easy to use automated machinery to open the package. Heat hardening makes it easy to detect, find, and use tear initiators 526 and 528 if like the gripping aid holes defined by edges 530, 532, 534, and 536. Heat hardening of particular areas prevents the tongue from shrinking, making it easier to grip, and allowing the notches to open into an easily seen oval hole.

Figure 28 illustrates a flat lay schematic view of an alternate embodiment of a side seal bag 550 having the first side seal 552, second seal 554 hardware, skirts 556 and 558 out from the first side seal 5562, skirts 560 and 562 toward Outside second side seal 554, top 564 open, and bottom edge 566 folded. Skirt 556 has a plurality of first tear initiators 568 and skirt 5568 has a plurality of second tear initiators (not illustrated), with the plurality of first tear initiators 568 being positioned at intervals along skirt 556 , and the plurality of second initiators of

131

<img file="MX359274B_D0146.tif" />

Mixican ffcfo t * THE INDUSTRIAL FBOHEDAD ripping (not illustrated) being placed at intervals along skirt 558. Each individual ripping initiator 568 on skirt 556 is paired with an individual ripping initiator (not illustrated) on skirt 558. Each individual rip starter 568 in skirt 556 is paired with a single rip starter (not shown) in skirt 558, to together provide a set of paired rip starters. In Figure 28, bag 550 is shown in a flat lay configuration, with each individual tear initiator 568 in skirt 556 being positioned directly over each individual tear initiator (not shown) in skirt 558. The film is heat-hardened. along striped perimeter area 570 of skirt 556 as well as a corresponding area (not shown) of skirt 558. In addition, the film is heat hardened in areas 672 and 574 scratched along each side of each tear initiator 568, as well as in corresponding areas (not illustrated) along each side of each corresponding tear initiator (not illustrated) on skirt 558. While heat-hardened areas 570, 572 and h 574 of skirt 556, as well as the corresponding heat-hardened areas (not illustrated) of skirt 558 can be heated only sufficiently to

IMPI

132 , _______ reduce shrinkage of areas, areas 570, 572 and

574 Heat-hardened skirt 556 and corresponding areas of skirt 558 can further be heat-sealed to each other. Heat hardening (also any heat seal) results in reduced shrinkage of the heated regions, thereby making it easier to detect, find, and use tear initiators. In addition, skirts 556 and 558 can be provided with grip assist holes (not shown) on one or both sides of the tear initiators.

Resins Used in the Examples

Unless otherwise indicated, the following resin list identifies the various resins used in

<img file="MX359274B_D0147.tif" />

Examples 1-35 below.

133

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSUUAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX359274B_D0148.tif" />

<td>Cdd ^ o of Km</td><td>Name COMVKMl</td><td>GenMoo name of ReriM (nfiNmacidn mfeciovMb</td><td>□ rarity &amp; &lt;X)</td><td>Merger price £ dptaa¿</td><td>Provider</td>

<td>ION 1</td><td>Sari]*· 1782-1</td><td>ΓηρηΒ — ιο of etflen iwutwdeedo coi zinc, Arido NMUcrth »</td><td> 0940</td><td>M</td><td>DuPomI</td>

<td>ION 2</td><td>SarfyuOl ltóOSB</td><td>GopoBMeoo of «titeo» nettButo am riñe. Arido «MAodco ♦ adMmdeOnn»</td><td> 0.950</td><td> 135</td><td>Datad</td>

<td>SSPF. one</td><td>Mfatrf 12S0G</td><td>CopcEntic by rtiiwo {mmogrimoM ^ otefiM</td><td>ELM</td><td> 6.0</td><td>Dw</td>

<td>«PEÍ</td><td>ASfadj "PL 1281G1</td><td>Copobnera of «titeno ílOmo ^ pInaa / OCteno</td><td>0.900 t / oc</td><td> 6.0</td><td>Do*</td>

<td>SSPE3</td><td>11S0G</td><td>CApofenra »from« titea »ΙβΟΜφΙαΒΟΑΚίη»</td><td> 0982</td><td> 3.0</td><td>Do*</td>

<td>S3PE4</td><td>Affiri »and * PF 11400</td><td>CopoBmmdrttirao texnogtneoAKteao</td><td>OMT ^ EC</td><td> 16</td><td>Dow</td>

<td>sspbs</td><td>ΟΨ 1150.01</td><td>homoplaoQ ^ QCirao</td><td> 0.901</td><td> 0.9</td><td>Dow</td>

<td rowspan="2">SSPE6</td><td rowspan="2">Ornead «UPA</td><td>Copcdmeocd? etiteao</td><td rowspan="2"> 0.918</td><td rowspan="2"> 45</td><td rowspan="2">Exxa MeM</td>

<td></td>

<td>vldpei</td><td>XUS 61520.151.</td><td>PUfcOllQ from MU, Olí »dWHÜlMl</td><td> 0.903</td><td> 0.5</td><td>Dmr</td>

<td>VLDH2</td><td>Aa »* 4203</td><td>Iletiteao of «ay iMj · density</td><td> 0.905</td><td>aso</td><td>Do*</td>

<td>VLDPE3</td><td>FmHf * V340I</td><td>poMeao «you very berry ¿raridad</td><td> 0.915</td><td> 63</td><td>B</td>

<td>VLDPE4</td><td>BCDJM</td><td>ΛΟΡί fcopoMma ”by etfcimftimiuü</td><td> 0.912</td><td> 1.0</td><td>ExxoaM &lt;«a</td>

<td>1XDPE1</td><td></td><td>linear gown rarity</td><td> 0.920</td><td> 1.0</td><td>Dmr</td>

134

IMPI

ICνΤΟ MEXICAN PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0149.tif" />

<td></td><td>2M5.M</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>LLDPE2</td><td>LL 300332</td><td>Capoteen by etflero hrtwejhweiftewRO</td><td> 0.9175</td><td> 3.2</td><td>Eudb MobÜ</td>

<td>HDPE</td><td>.Id · - ~ - ΓνινοΒοιν THL500-I19</td><td>MMRh "of ota deneidad</td><td>O.WI</td><td> 6»</td><td>tam</td>

<td>lonAEwJEFS</td><td>72D799</td><td>Meed · from éwtamru »fV Ay tetante»</td><td>0t932</td><td> 3.7</td><td>Datat</td>

<td>EVA * H&gt;</td><td>V «BÜ&gt; ΧΙΛ-ΥΜ Masuts</td><td>MudactetVAy foMpeopta »</td><td>on</td><td>3J)</td><td>Do*</td>

<td>RKXAM</td><td>COUGH"</td><td>Challenge of leavened temples caps that has ampia «antead de putei iuu, acting« ate de iontaMa. we »and capoteen» from «tena, wmo and mpntawiwi from jnqitaw. ETOH. Bitch, Waertnr nmiMmtoj can andWtata "Mum. teMoqum. Hd</td><td></td><td></td><td>*&gt; -OR- A OCBM AirCoip</td>

<td>PH</td><td>tatacin</td><td>Love home</td><td>or."</td><td> 0.4</td><td>Dow</td>

<td>m</td><td>ΒηβΡιοFnPRtS</td><td>HMMpntem from pmpdeM</td><td> 0.902</td><td> 34</td><td>Np&gt; k * M</td>

<td>PP3</td><td>PP3IS5</td><td>Pwip homopoteCto »nn</td><td> 0.900</td><td> 36</td><td>Bmor</td>

<td>P.M</td><td>terminal * PP 3445</td><td>Propylene Hoitepetate</td><td> 0900</td><td> 36.0</td><td>Bxxon MoW</td>

<td>re</td><td>PM640M</td><td>HoorapoUnm de taime</td><td> 0.908</td><td> 1</td><td>BmcB Myotefí M</td>

<td></td><td>Ether· PKS4O9</td><td>Copoteem of poptevteirae</td><td> 0900</td><td>SJ</td><td>taoue</td>

<td>npp</td><td>Ewhm * rmuEi</td><td>CapoteMO from prapteuWttta »</td><td> 0.902</td><td>6j00</td><td>Eneo</td>

<td>EPCI</td><td>Ero-P »SA861</td><td>Capoteen of ptopieteteeno M »ionic catafcadu</td><td> 0902</td><td> 6.5</td><td>LyonM</td>

<td>ExPrTHH</td><td>Vtata 7800</td><td>otibno pnpfcno tftenu reqwtewo</td><td> 0870</td><td> 13</td><td>Emo Moba</td>

<td>MA-LLD1</td><td>Tjñ? 12218</td><td>Pateta »modtieado o» anHtado adró (mercterte con poüta »írmI de M · a—&gt; oetMuaw</td><td> 0.921</td><td> 2.0</td><td>Rat* Hm</td>

<td>MA42J32</td><td>l&gt; X 3227</td><td>Potete »modKcado with tempted teico (iwRrrtarin can potete» laja de taja denotes *</td><td> 0.913</td><td> 1.7</td><td>Dñtata of ΙλομΜ</td>

<td>MA-LU) J</td><td>PX32X</td><td>Potete »modKÓdocoR attacking aaataco tesdodo can potete» «tied M» dmñdte</td><td> 0.922</td><td>roo</td><td>B ^ Mte Dhtata of LytaM</td>

135

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE NtONSBAD

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0150.tif" />

<td>MA-BVA</td><td>BsnsTsioi</td><td>AátofAaUa Capotearte de Etimo Uodd irado ton MMMcateera &lt;fe «Mte</td><td>BEAR</td><td> 3¿</td><td>Date</td>

<td></td><td>QQSIOA</td><td>Potropdmo modftrarin mn antA&gt; ¡Juna ale ku</td><td> 0900</td><td>3J</td><td>Ifitel</td>

<td>moíEVA</td><td>S7S-33C-3</td><td>depobneto eVA nodHcad »compound</td><td> 0.92</td><td>ΙΛ</td><td>MS Tote * 0</td>

<td>EUtabl</td><td>T &lt;jm * 9506X1</td><td>RmtameAo</td><td> 0.974</td><td>IB</td><td>Topa · Advaace 4 Bo ^ pnci · tae.</td>

<td>ET-Nod&gt; 2</td><td>Cover * 1007 F-04</td><td>Cnputemiiu of ettemo nmbomm</td><td>1Λ2</td><td> 1.7</td><td>T &lt;V Advwnx d Pnljwtt. tea</td>

<td>N) 4oal</td><td>inumiif B40</td><td>MamidaS</td><td> 1.13</td><td> ...</td><td>BASF</td>

<td>Nyiou2</td><td>UltrMüd * B40LNOI</td><td>Fo * amide6</td><td> 1.14</td><td> —</td><td>BASF</td>

<td>N&gt; te 3</td><td>Uhra-ad * C3301</td><td>MaaM&gt; 6 «</td><td> 1.13</td><td> ...</td><td>BASF</td>

<td>Nyte4</td><td>OtenidXS 1392</td><td>Get dr Murada 6/12 and EMfcraida 12</td><td>ΙΛ3</td><td> ·* ·</td><td>emsGnvory</td>

<td>EVAI</td><td>boorat * LO 713.93</td><td>Cnpateoerode rtfcwn / acrtiu devMto (M. «VW</td><td> 0933</td><td> 3.5</td><td>EbCM MdbB</td>

<td>EVA 2</td><td>BkothkLD 31 * .92</td><td>topoteNo * etitenrtcctao of «wik&gt; 97 * VA)</td><td> 0.93</td><td> 2.0</td><td>Motel</td>

<td>EVA 3</td><td>llrmwar * ~ LDN13 »</td><td>Capotera "by rtlrao / acrtaiü dewk&gt; 0fc7WA)</td><td> 0.950</td><td> $.75</td><td>Enen MobS</td>

<td>EVA 4</td><td>Eaocao · ^ LDW5W</td><td>Cap of * toite's etiteRofecetate (ULPWWM</td><td> 0.935</td><td>0l4</td><td>Εχχαη 6 »-«. «A OKMBI</td>

<td>EVAS</td><td>tteenac * LD721.K</td><td>Rt cnpotewt »wV¡rf &lt;ato * vfafo (UMWA)</td><td>BEAR</td><td> 155</td><td>forana * Mdbü</td>

<td>EVA 6</td><td>Hwr «3l75</td><td>Copobnem de etitoeo / acHato tevMoQMW)</td><td> 0.950</td><td> 6</td><td>Datad</td>

<td>EVA 7</td><td>reusi</td><td>Atifemtocrtato copatamra devHtoMWMM</td><td> 092»</td><td> 05</td><td>HMtaab lf</td>

<td>EBA</td><td>SP1802</td><td>Elfcra / Butite Acitinate Ampmeter (225WM)</td><td> 0.92*</td><td> 6</td><td>Fnilai · Ctenaal</td>

<td>EVOH</td><td>ΐτΜκί</td><td>of etitemo Mtofaado acetate of turn (EVOH was MW motar of rtlrato</td><td> 1.17</td><td> 32</td><td>Mqfiai Gotwei</td>

<td>PVdC</td><td>Sana * * 06</td><td>Copritewrade «team de</td><td> 1.6»</td><td></td><td>Do.</td>

136

Mexican INSTITUTE □ t LA MONEDAD

INDUSTRIAL

<td>strat</td><td colspan="2">IcupjtMwu tte etíñeaBi &lt;k $ 6C Ibutedfano</td><td>a</td><td> 99</td><td>BASE</td>

<td>AOX</td><td colspan="2">10555 AMnalantrrnpoMAenoInral of low denudad</td><td> 0.932</td><td> 23</td><td></td>

<td>SL1P1</td><td>rauwu</td><td>Dednntey artibtotpeoen pofetiteM de M »deatidad</td><td>m</td><td> 73</td><td> *</td>

<td>SLW2</td><td>1062 will fail</td><td>Zero of tote amtda maestre de desjunte Iewumñ &amp; I in pubtflbno Mneri b dereidad</td><td> 0.92</td><td> 2</td><td>Pniyman</td>

<td>wcc</td><td> 11 »53</td><td>conoentMd »color Manco« q pofetiteRo faeei de baje di midad</td><td> 1313</td><td> 2.90</td><td>Αηφοοοί</td>

<td>ccc</td><td> 130374</td><td>Concentrate «otar asthma in pofietitenodebajo ¿raridad</td><td></td><td></td><td>Ampaett</td>

<td>BCC</td><td>16417-81 Hac</td><td>indigo master packaging bundle</td><td> 0.951</td><td></td><td>Celavck</td>

<td>ABCmk</td><td>l «0Q OOMOtSlMlC</td><td>Optical amputator in pcieMrao de bO · riraridad</td><td>an</td><td></td><td>Tteknor Color</td>

<td>procABM</td><td> 100458</td><td>Amulo de jMoceMeerata Rooaopoteneco in potirtóano</td><td> 0.93</td><td> 23</td><td> **“</td>

<td>jmcAEB</td><td colspan="2">IPII21 IxpMtoitepaoHaiMefta huorapetineeD in yufcHim | taed de ¿entity</td><td>an</td><td> 2</td><td>Amfrt</td>

Example 1 (work)

One end seal bag of approximately

17.78 to 20.32 cm (7 to 8 inches) wide (laying flat) and approximately 40.64 cm (16 inches) long was made from a co-extr uded, multi-layer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8 , described above. The multilayer film had a total of 7 layers, in the following order, with the thickness of each layer of the film shown in thousandths of an inch in the bottom row of each column representing one layer of the multilayer structure. The composition 15 of each layer is provided in the second row, with each

137

<img file="MX359274B_D0151.tif" />

IMPI MEXICAN INSTITUTE M THE INDUSTRIAL HOPKTUD

<img file="MX359274B_D0152.tif" />

code corresponding to the composition »ob el · · gwüd'W ^ iO'— resin above.

Eg emplol

<td></td><td>Opa?</td><td>cAM3 ...</td><td>cAFA4</td><td></td><td>Oe «.6--</td><td> —</td>

<td>sni w * LLM * 2</td><td>70K «IW 30 * SVA1</td><td>M0% £ VA1</td><td>FVOC</td><td>BVAS</td><td>70% vwrei 30% p .-. &lt;</td><td>E »SPE3 15« LiWll</td>

<td>e. «« a</td><td>O.Tt · *!</td><td>Tare^-</td><td>Altai</td><td> 0.11^1</td><td>OLSad</td><td> £&amp;£__</td>

Both flattened sides of the skirt under the end seal were cut manually (using scissors) about 2.54 to 5.08 cm (one to two inches) from one side edge of the bag, the slit being in the machine direction, the slit extending from the bottom edge of the bag and through about 30 to 50 percent of the 3.81 cm (1-1 / 2 inch) bag skirt, to produce matching first and second tear initiators. The bag was then used to package a simulated product, after which it was tested for machine direction linear tear after shrinkage by immersion in 85 ° C (185 ° F) water. 1 simulated product was a meat product, that is, simulated by a sealed bag of water, the bag of water containing about 1300 milliliters of water in a thermally shrinkable bag having a flat lay width of about 13.97 cm (5, ζ

138

IMPI MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF ΙΑ PWlEBAD INDUSTRIA!

<img file="MX359274B_D0153.tif" />

1/2 inch) and a length of βΙγαΠρΗπτ h_{C | I} or? as nm.jQ.

inches), this bag having been closed sealed with water in it (and minimal air) and then immersed in water at 90 ° C (195 ° F) and shrunk tightly around the water to result in a simulated product having an area of substantially round cross section. The water bag was placed in the heat shrinkable end seal bag being tested, with the bag and simulated product then being placed in a vacuum chamber, and the atmosphere evacuated. The bag was then closed sealed and the resulting packaged product was removed from the vacuum chamber and immersed in 85 ° C (185 ° F) water for about 5 seconds, during which the bag shrunk tightly around the simulated product . After removal of the hot water, the bag was allowed to stand for a period of at least 5 minutes, and then a manual test was performed by holding the shrunken skirt portion of the article on either side of the tear initiators. The results of the manual machine direction tear test are set forth in the table below, after the examples.

A plurality of side seal bags were produced using the film of Example 1. The bags

139

IMPI ^{WST |}T_C7TH MEXICAN OF LA PEOHEDao

INDUSTWA1

<img file="MX359274B_D0154.tif" />

they had a flat lay length of 34.29 cm (13.5 inches) and a flat lay width of 15.875 cm (6.25 inches). Each of the skirts had a width of 2.54 cm (1 inch). Pairs of tear initiators were made at intervals of 3.81 cm (1.5 inches) below the full length of one of the skirts. Each of the tear initiators was a 15.87 mm (5/8 inch) long slit in the machine direction.

Example 2 (work)

An end seal bag was made from a co-extruded, multilayer, heat shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8 above. The multilayer film had a total of 7 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition being set forth in the box below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1, above. The end seal bag was tested for tear as set forth in Example 1.

Example 2

<td></td><td></td><td>CW3</td><td></td><td>ORI</td><td>Cjr6</td><td>C * 7</td>

<td>m SWEI uorei</td><td>tBK vu&gt; re.i 30% evai</td><td>100% RVA1</td><td>I</td><td>100% EVA3</td><td>79% nao 30 » EM1</td><td>"0" WO M UDK1.</td>

<td>Μ3 · Ι</td><td></td><td>• MaB</td><td>to »« or</td><td>O »my</td><td></td><td> 0.17·«</td>

Example 3 (Comparative)

140

<img file="MX359274B_D0155.tif" />

A seal ball was made from cold hatchet Hp to a co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, described above. The multiple 5 layer film had a total of 4 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1 above.

The end seal bag was tear tested as set forth in Example 1.

Example 3 (Comparative)

<td>Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td>Layer 3</td><td>Layer 4</td>

<td> 100%</td><td> 100%</td><td> 100%</td><td> 100%</td>

<td>VLDPE3</td><td>EVA2</td><td>PVDC</td><td>EVA2</td>

<td>0.26 thousand</td><td>1.26 mils</td><td>0.18 thousand</td><td>0.6 thousand</td>

Example (Comparative)

An end seal bag was made from a co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, described above. The multilayer film had a total of u layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below in a manner consistent with the description in Example 1 above.

141

The end seal bag • · »was tested for tear exposed in Example 1 ^? IMPI

IHSTmíTÜ MEXICANO • DE LA MQPUDAD. INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0156.tif" />

Example 4 (comparative)

<td>cap)</td><td></td><td></td><td>J</td><td></td><td>UfMS</td><td>CqaT</td>

<td>ww » W * l am</td><td>«0M VUJTS3 20% uora</td><td>w · * EVAl</td><td>FVDC</td><td>EVE)</td><td>? Mlk VUVE2 AGX</td><td>A * ssm UXVEI</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>"LO" al</td><td></td><td>«Lttaiti</td>

Example 5 (Comparative)

An end seal pouch was made from a multi-layered, coextruded film, thermally shrinked using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, described above. The multilayer film had a total of 7 capable, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1 above.

The end seal bag was tear tested as set forth in Example 1

Example 5 (comparative)

<td rowspan="2">Opal</td><td rowspan="2">Gx «2</td><td rowspan="2">Capa3 | Layer4</td><td>Layers</td><td></td><td>Opa /</td>

<td rowspan="2">100% EVAS</td><td rowspan="2">80% VLDPEl 2DK VLDTM</td><td rowspan="2">SSPE3 20% LLDPEl</td>

<td>ant twenty% ÍUlPf&gt; &lt;</td><td>80% j VLWU 30% VLDPE4</td><td>i FW FVAt (l 1</td>

<td rowspan="2">Q.46W »</td><td rowspan="2">Ctltml</td><td>rmbmí i</td><td>(LOTiwt</td><td>tUSnrf</td><td>O.HnA »</td>

<td colspan="4"></td>

Example 6 (Comparative)

An end seal bag was made from a co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the exposed apparatus and process

142 in Figure 8, described above. The multi-layer film had a total of 7 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1 above.

The end seal bag was tear tested as set forth in Example 1.

Example G (comparative)

<td rowspan="2">ssra WK SL »2</td><td rowspan="2">Wta ssres 1 · * tWM »</td><td></td><td rowspan="2">PVDC</td><td rowspan="2">ΝβΚ EVA3</td>

<td>EVE"</td>

<td>»4» aü</td><td></td><td>«Llaa</td><td></td><td>0.1 ari</td>

<img file="MX359274B_D0157.tif" />

<td></td><td>You"</td>

<td>SB® w * vujre »</td><td>| WB one</td>

<td>• Mafl</td><td>í gatas »</td>

Example 7 (Comparative)

An end seal pouch was made from a multi-layered, co-extruded, thermally shrink film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure

8, described above. The multilayer film had a total of 7 layers, with the order, thickness and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Exampleq, above. The end seal bag was tear tested as set forth in Example 1.

Example 7 (comparative)

143

MEXICAN INSTITUTE ♦ OF PROPERTY • INDUSTRIAL '·

<img file="MX359274B_D0158.tif" />

<td></td><td>CSR2 </td><td>to·}</td><td></td><td>C4M &amp;</td><td></td><td>Οφ.?</td><td></td>

<td>nm IDNl</td><td>IMK SVAl</td><td>IW »SVAJ</td><td>tvdc</td><td>BVA3</td><td>they read "See</td><td>AA ara l » UJWI</td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td>OI * · *</td><td></td><td>MR · *</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

Example 8 (Comparative)

An end seal pouch was made from a co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, described above. The multi-layer film had a total of 4 layers, with the order, thickness and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1, above.

Example 8

<td>Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td>Layer 3</td><td>Layer 4</td>

<td> 100%</td><td>84% LLDPE1</td><td>85% EVA2</td><td>85% EVA2</td>

<td>SSPE6</td><td>16% CCC</td><td>15% LLDPE1</td><td>15% LLDPE1</td>

<td>0.25 thousand</td><td>1.09 thousand</td><td>0.76 thousand</td><td>0.25 thousand</td>

Example 9 (Comparative)

An end seal bag was made from a co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, described above. The multiple movie

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF IA PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0159.tif" />

layers had a total of 6 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1, above.

Example 9

<td>ORI</td><td>Chap*</td><td>Qp »)</td><td></td><td>cw '</td><td>Ü0Í</td>

<td>MM Wtt</td><td>I read * VLDM2</td><td>WK EVA2</td><td>j</td><td>tMK VLWK</td><td>EVA '1 »' UDKI</td>

<td>S3ñS</td><td>"to</td><td></td><td>1 «.I» · *</td><td>OAeí</td><td></td>

Example 10 (Comparative)

An end seal bag was made from a co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure

8, described above. The multi-layer film had a total of layers, with the order, thickness and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in the Example

1, above.

Example 10

<td>Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td>Layer 3</td>

<td>80% SSPE1</td><td>100% EBA</td><td>85% SSPE3</td>

<td>20% ÑÑDÉ2</td><td></td><td>15% LLDPE1</td>

<td>0.08 thousand</td><td>1.84 thousand</td><td>0.08 thousand</td>

Example 11 (work)

<img file="MX359274B_D0160.tif" />

Μ5 IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE AVERAGE

INDWSflUAL

An end seal bag was made from a fully coextruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable film produced using the apparatus and process set forth in FIG. 8, described above, but without the extrusion coating step. The multilayer film had a total of 3 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1, above. The end seal bag was tested for tear as set forth in Example 1.

Example 11 (work

<td>Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td>Layer 3</td>

<td>100% EVA 6</td><td>75% VLDPE2</td><td>75% VLDPE2</td>

<td></td><td>25% ÑLDPE1</td><td>16.5% LLDPE1</td>

<td></td><td></td><td>8.5% ABConc</td>

<td>0.68 thousand</td><td>3.08 thousand</td><td>1.24 thousand</td>

Example 12 (work)

An end seal bag sold commercially by Curwood, Inc., under the name PProtite^MR was obtained from the market. Analysis of the bag from which the multilayer film was made revealed the following layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in

146

<img file="MX359274B_D0161.tif" />

the box below. A pegneñn-gn-pU-bag skirt was made, that is, as illustrated in Figure 4A. The end seal bag was tear tested as set forth in Example 1.

Example 12 (work)

<td colspan="2">Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td>Layer 3</td>

<td>EVA mix</td><td> (3%</td><td>Chloride</td><td>EVA blend (3%</td>

<td>acetate</td><td>of</td><td>polyvinylidene</td><td>acetate</td>

<td>vinyl), LLDPE,</td><td>and</td><td></td><td>vinyl), LLDPE, and</td>

<td>copolymer</td><td>of</td><td></td><td>copolymer of</td>

<td colspan="2">catalyzed ethylene</td><td></td><td>catalyzed ethylene</td>

<td>with</td><td></td><td></td><td>with</td>

<td>metallocene / alpha-</td><td></td><td></td><td>metallocene / alpha-</td>

<td>olefin</td><td></td><td></td><td>olefin</td>

<td colspan="2">1.53 thousand</td><td>0.21 thousand</td><td>0.74 thousand</td>

Example 13 (comparative)

An end seal bag commercially sold by Curwood, Inc. was obtained from the market under the name

Cleartite^MR 52. Analysis of the bag from which the multilayer film was made revealed the following layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below. A small cut was made in the skirt of

147

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL MONEDAD

<img file="MX359274B_D0162.tif" />

bag, that is, as illustrated in Figure 4A. The end seal bag was tested for tear as set forth in Example 1.

Example 13 (comparative)

<td colspan="2">Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td colspan="2">Layer 3</td>

<td>EVA mix</td><td> (4%</td><td>Chloride</td><td>EVA mix</td><td> (4%</td>

<td>acetate</td><td>of</td><td>polyvinylidene</td><td>acetate</td><td>of</td>

<td>vinyl), LLDPE,</td><td>and</td><td></td><td>vinyl), LLDPE,</td><td>and</td>

<td>copolymer</td><td>of</td><td></td><td>copolymer</td><td>of</td>

<td colspan="2">catalyzed ethylene</td><td></td><td colspan="2">catalyzed ethylene</td>

<td>with</td><td></td><td></td><td>with</td><td></td>

<td>metallocene / alpha-</td><td></td><td></td><td>metallocene / alpha-</td><td></td>

<td>olefin</td><td></td><td></td><td>olefin</td><td></td>

<td colspan="2">1.39 thousand</td><td>0. 23 thousand</td><td colspan="2">0.68 thousand</td>

Example 14 (comparative)

<td colspan="2">Layer 1</td><td colspan="2">Layer 2</td><td colspan="2">Layer 3</td>

<td>EVA mix</td><td> (4%</td><td>Chloride</td><td>of</td><td>EVA mix</td><td> (4%</td>

<td>acetate</td><td>of</td><td>polyvinylidene</td><td></td><td>acetate</td><td>of</td>

<td>vinyl), LLDPE,</td><td>and</td><td></td><td></td><td>vinyl), LLDPE,</td><td>and</td>

<td>copolymer</td><td>of</td><td></td><td></td><td>copolymer</td><td>of</td>

<td colspan="2">catalyzed ethylene</td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">catalyzed ethylene</td>

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE

DS LA FBpRItBAD

148

<img file="MX359274B_D0163.tif" />

<td>with metallocene / alpha- olefin</td><td></td><td>with metallocene / alpha- olefin</td>

<td>1.54 thousand</td><td>0.19 thousand</td><td>0.63 thousand</td>

Example 15 (comparative)

An end seal bag sold commercially by Asahi Corporation was obtained from the market under the name

SN3. Analysis of the bag from which the multilayer film was made revealed the following layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below. A small cut was made in the bag skirt, that is, as illustrated in Figure 4A. The end seal bag was tested for tear as set forth in Example

1.

Example 15 (comparative)

<td>cjpai Mariid *</td><td></td><td>cm »·</td><td>'CípM CqMttMmrir 1MI11111H1 nlH dr Bbrio.w * tcwdbwx tHmpHcdr pritBModrecM »tedadto</td><td>_2eü ----- The</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Μ »i</td>

Example 16 (work)

An end seal pouch sold commercially by Pechiney Plastic Packaging, Inc., was obtained from the market under the name Clearshield ^. Analysis of the stock market

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multiple layers revealed the

149 who made the movie of

<img file="MX359274B_D0164.tif" />

Following layers, in order, expose in the box below. A small cut was made in the bag skirt, that is, as illustrated in Figure 4A.

The end seal bag was tested for tear as set forth in Example 1.

Example 16 (work)

Example 17 (work)

An end seal bag was made from a co-extruded, multi-layer, thermally shrinkable film using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, described above. The multi-layer film had a total of 7 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the table below, in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1, above. The end seal bag was tear tested as set forth in Example 1.

Example 17 (work)

150

<img file="MX359274B_D0165.tif" />

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>mssMi</td><td>NVBtoHyfv »</td><td></td><td>immrmi:</td><td></td><td>asn</td><td></td>

<td></td><td>tn</td><td>JMtlfiRl</td><td></td><td></td><td>«Wn VUJPC4</td><td></td>

<td>Jj »a»</td><td>1.1 there</td><td>114a?</td><td>i ÜJa¡?</td><td>..... the?</td><td>UiA '</td><td></td>

<img file="MX359274B_D0166.tif" />

¹frame thickness represents extrudate thickness before solid state orientation and trapped bubble stage in the process.

An end seal bag was made of the co-extruded, multilayer, thermally shrinkable films of each of Examples 18 to 35, below, using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 5, described above. Each of the multi-layer films had a total of 7 layers, with the order, thickness, and composition set forth in the tables below in a manner corresponding to the description in Example 1, above. The end seal bags were tested for tear as set forth in Example 1.

An end seal pouch made from fully coextruded, heat shrinkable, multi-layer films was made from each of Examples 36-42, below, using the apparatus and process set forth in Figure 8, above, except that all Layers were extruded from die head 122, and no extrusion coating was employed. Each of the multi-layer films of

<img file="MX359274B_D0167.tif" />

₁₅₁ IMPI

131 Mexican iNsrmrro

OF THE MONEDAD

INDUSTRIAL Examples 36-42 had the order, thickness, ¹ -y — pompee · 'I heard An exposed in the corresponding box below. The end seal bags were tested for tear as set forth in Example 1.

Ten bags made from the film of Example 40 were filled with water and closed. Dyes from filling some of the bags with water, the projection and the bags were sealed by point. The bags were placed in a smoke box for 12 hours at 91 ° C (195 ° F). After 12 hours one of the bags had experienced a seal failure. Some bags had 2 knit stamps and some had 4 knit stamps. The point seals are improved in appearance of the projection, preventing the extreme curl of the projection. The 4 seal pouches per point had a better overall appearance, making it easier to see the holes and indentation of the projection.

152

<img file="MX359274B_D0168.tif" />

ΙΜΟ

ΚΜΕΙΙϋΛΝΟνΚΜΕΙΙϋΛΝΟDE THE ΗΒβΠβΜ

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ζ.

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Qwnpto 18 (Mb ^ o)

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<td>OR)·!*</td><td>j Ϊ53</td><td>LManT</td><td>23 «f</td><td>to go</td><td>tiwM¹</td><td></td>

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<td>G * H</td><td>Grti</td><td></td><td>op * &lt;</td><td> €«•5</td><td>Ο | »β</td><td>Ca «7</td>

<td>m $ »u IKO»?</td><td>MmOA</td><td>warvM wauDKi</td><td>Mr</td><td>(MM</td><td>aeKvuwci MKWBMM</td><td>MSK3 MtMpft</td>

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vi βιροβοτ · η vi cmmSo fipt'Mont · OTpvcor d · wttwdQ vntt * d · QHVMKióft da 9β ^ Λο sñfido an atai »da btaix ^ apopad · da pascan tpaapto« FRMnyoi

<td>«JRl</td><td></td><td>c * · *</td><td>(4M4</td><td>Q *&gt; S</td><td>Cjp »6</td><td>go?</td>

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<td>Torf</td><td>ii «r</td><td>ILAaeT</td><td>...... l'orf '</td><td>lstoT</td><td>UmT</td><td>1J</td>

«Pass« n «i NpmtM table« pass ds or added «mm orwntBtion d» «all rdRd» m «stop d» bwbuja rtwpid · process | ρη0&gt; 21. (Μφ))

<img file="MX359274B_D0169.tif" />

153 _t IMPI

ΜΗΠυΤΟ MEXICANO | MLARWIWAD bu INDUSTRIAL

Epmpio 22 ttnnpmM)

<td>QM1</td><td> &lt;*·&lt;</td><td>Cap »3</td><td>was·*</td><td></td><td>you pray</td><td rowspan="2">«M« SH3 «atoan</td>

<td>ra »w * a mee?</td><td>Bal</td><td>WfctVM wftttom</td><td>we</td><td>FM)</td><td>amvurat MKwtraa</td>

<td>lAnrf ......</td><td>TñB</td><td>ll.jadf</td><td>lirf</td><td>Itetf</td><td>lAadbf</td><td>—-J—</td>

upawir on the lapeaent block · thickness of "brought before oranudon from" teda sútóo in "apa de hataja" procera cover qaavls23 (utajo)

<td>Cu&gt;</td><td>QpU</td><td>Upas</td><td>cw »t</td><td>cu »</td><td>..CU *</td><td>CU?</td>

<td>Mbetfl r * oacr?</td><td>wi raí</td><td>38KEVM wiiwíi</td><td>R * r</td><td>ΡΜΪ</td><td>aravwm »WW4</td><td>«M SSM3 20% UOf &amp;</td>

<td>Jtarif</td><td>Í7Uf</td><td>tl.datf</td><td>2j «r</td><td>the &lt;</td><td>lS ^ hf</td><td>IF</td>

«™&gt; ofw&gt; nscMn aa cnoo Boecio

<img file="MX359274B_D0170.tif" />

an «top of toafteufa atoapede de procera

Epoxy 3 *

<td>CjrI</td><td>crack"</td><td>cu »</td><td>CJR4</td><td></td><td>Cu *</td><td>pray?</td>

<td>w * WB1 M% &amp; xn</td><td>10% 9fr «8t W% EVA5</td><td>30% EVA4 30% UDTE1</td><td>lont me</td><td>ww EVA3</td><td>00% VLDKl 20% VLDTB ·</td><td>MM VS3 MX USTEl</td>

<td>JjBiatf</td><td>HS</td><td>ñ3á3T</td><td>ñS</td><td>lirf</td><td>iJupaí </td><td>iy</td>

«Weoranaadra latamida« vararde «Anido antoa of orientation of astodo adido • n stage of hataje in procero tjimpCc 2S feafeSjOl

<td>such</td><td>Expensive?</td><td>face 3</td><td>cu *</td><td>Opal</td><td>Ccp ȣ</td><td> *1</td>

<td>M%</td><td> 10%</td><td>3my</td><td></td><td></td><td> 00%</td><td>Mta</td>

<td>fiSHEJ</td><td>SeHU</td><td>EVM</td><td>iefi%</td><td></td><td>VUVE1</td><td>toilet</td>

<td>WH sun</td><td>w% EVA2</td><td>30% UDffil</td><td>rvac</td><td>EVA3</td><td>20% VUSTE *</td><td>30% UDHEI</td>

<td>1 »« É</td><td> 31·»</td><td>HAariT</td><td>22 «and</td><td>IM T</td><td>LSsadl</td><td>IS</td>

154

<img file="MX359274B_D0171.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0172.tif" />

Example 26 (work ^ c

<td>&lt;SüH4 —__</td><td>Cape *</td><td>Cap*</td><td>O *&gt; 4</td><td>UK1</td><td>Layer6</td><td>castrate</td>

<td>9Λ</td><td>r ...... *%</td><td>SW*</td><td></td><td></td><td>MM</td><td>"M—</td>

<td>ski</td><td>vumx</td><td>EVA4</td><td>too *</td><td>WOH</td><td>VUIPF.I</td><td>SSFES</td>

<td>W4</td><td> 30*</td><td>MR</td><td>rvdc</td><td>EVAS</td><td></td><td> »*</td>

<td>SUP2</td><td>ST4M2</td><td>LLDKI</td><td></td><td></td><td>vmt</td><td>usni</td>

<td>Maí</td><td>rññ?</td><td>~ iuSF^-</td><td>~~ nüsr ~</td><td> adT</td><td>~ Haha^r“</td><td>or?</td>

<td>1 «φΜΒ</td><td>r «ndciiMtepM |</td><td></td><td colspan="4">trde aekuldoanaeadaoitentatMndaealadeaMdo</td>

<td colspan="2">Example 27 (hatajo)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>capel</td><td>cape?</td><td>Layer 3</td><td>s® · *</td><td>CaR »</td><td>Chap"*</td><td>Chap·?</td>

<td>w *</td><td>m</td><td> »54</td><td></td><td></td><td>WS</td><td>Bfc</td>

<td>ssrei</td><td>aa »</td><td>BVM</td><td>MK</td><td>too *</td><td>VLDTEI</td><td>SSH3</td>

<td>m</td><td>M *</td><td> »%</td><td>r * dc</td><td>EVAS</td><td>M</td><td>JO *</td>

<td>sun</td><td>S9PE3</td><td>mm</td><td></td><td></td><td>VUSTE *</td><td>LLDfSI</td>

<td>jj¡gi</td><td>5j¡gi</td><td>lltraO¹</td><td>Uat¹</td><td>Go to?</td><td>i? "to?</td><td></td>

<img file="MX359274B_D0173.tif" />

EpapbSXHMol

<td>capel</td><td>Cap?</td><td>IC «a3</td><td> &lt;*·«</td><td>layers</td><td>layers</td><td>CaaaT</td>

<td> »%</td><td>w</td><td> 5954</td><td></td><td></td><td>ws</td><td>M</td>

<td>SSrtl</td><td>rr</td><td>EVM</td><td>IWK</td><td>UMM</td><td>vmrei</td><td>ssfb</td>

<td>NK suw</td><td>30 * EVAS</td><td>SW* UW £ l</td><td>rvdc</td><td>EVAS</td><td>3 »vuon&gt; *</td><td>39% tumi</td>

<td>~ nar *</td><td>......... go</td><td>114 rai</td><td>ÜadT</td><td>ltaT</td><td>IHaraH¹</td><td>or</td>

love «nM nmte raerateme μβμοτ da ankuwdo anteda de odameabn de« fcio aókdo an aúpa da bwtaje trapped da praeaao

Example »fbabejo)

<img file="MX359274B_D0174.tif" />

<td>chap·;</td><td> &lt;*»&lt;</td><td>Opa 3</td><td>Layer4</td><td>layers</td><td>layer 6</td><td>apart</td>

<td>«0Κ</td><td>ίβϊ</td><td> »54</td><td></td><td></td><td>w%</td><td> 99%</td>

<td>WEI</td><td>MKJ</td><td>EVM</td><td>W »</td><td>the</td><td>vtnrei</td><td>SSK3</td>

<td> ¡9%</td><td> 3054</td><td> 5054</td><td>FVdC</td><td>EVE!</td><td> 30%</td><td>M%</td>

<td>sun</td><td>wcc</td><td>UX * E1</td><td></td><td></td><td>vldmm</td><td>LtOKI</td>

<td>Maí</td><td>1.7 root</td><td>ΙΜμΤ</td><td>i2aü ''</td><td>ladT</td><td>i.sear</td><td>IJ¹</td>

155

<img file="MX359274B_D0175.tif" />

fjempto 30 (MMjp

<td>0MU</td><td>Layer2</td><td>Capel</td><td>Capeo</td><td>Capel</td><td>Cape</td><td>Layer 7</td>

<td>KTfct w% SUR</td><td>«N2</td><td>30 »EVA, 30% LLWEl</td><td>too * PVdC</td><td>«0% EVAS</td><td>Nk vu&gt; my 10 »VLDTS *</td><td>m ssra 20% 1X0061</td>

<td>M «t .....</td><td>girl</td><td>11.4 atf</td><td>Uaif</td><td>latf</td><td>! W</td><td></td>

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<td>c * »i</td><td> &lt;*·’</td><td>Chap·?</td><td>I ^ OtíL—</td><td>JOpel</td><td> &lt;*»</td><td></td>

<td>W *</td><td> 100%</td><td> 30%</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td>• OH</td><td>w »</td>

<td>SSKI</td><td>EVM</td><td>BVM</td><td>WO »</td><td>1 iock</td><td>VLDFB</td><td>SSPEJ</td>

<td> 10»</td><td></td><td> 30»</td><td>rvdc</td><td>| tVA3</td><td> 20»</td><td> 20»</td>

<td>sun</td><td></td><td>uoni</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td>VUWEO</td><td>UWE1</td>

<td> 30·»</td><td>rFW</td><td>11.4 ae ·</td><td>lt «rf .....</td><td>1 l «T</td><td>LSata *</td><td>you</td>

handcuff in ^ empio 32 (Hbep)

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<td>30 »ssrei 10 »suri</td><td>ND% m</td><td>to" EVA4 WH U0KI</td><td>100 »rae</td><td>100 »EVAJ</td><td>n »VLCOEI 20 »VLDPS4</td><td>30% SSK3 20% uxm</td>

<td>iü'irf ·· '”</td><td>j ^ 3</td><td> 114·?</td><td>1.1 «f '</td><td> 1·»</td><td>"Τ5ΒΓ</td><td>li</td>

II · ιι · ι · ιι enei «« droieiiwuMitoeauejui &lt;te «Mdo ente · de oréntocite de« stodo «Otalo de etape-de burtxj ·« covered with pocese

C ^ auafek SI kmkwdü qanproes pasepf

<td colspan="2">C «1 I Qpa ^</td><td>Capia</td><td>cap·</td><td>í ·</td><td>Capee</td><td>Opa?</td>

<td>w »XSMt 10 »SLK</td><td>OS »ssrst 15% KKXAM</td><td>90K BVM 30 »UJD0E1</td><td>100% FVdC</td><td>M0% EVA3</td><td>^{h &lt;} 00% VLDret 20% VUV50</td><td>TO" Mra »% LLDKI</td>

<td>3 * to ~</td><td>I7 »S</td><td> 114·?</td><td>or··</td><td>lauT</td><td> 13a¿¿ </td><td>you</td>

«Weighing in the small table« weighing «aruide before the start of the stage« otto in otope de bartap atospedade process • f

156 ¹ IMPI

<img file="MX359274B_D0176.tif" />

<img file="MX359274B_D0177.tif" />

<td>grmi</td><td>Quote?</td><td>Cte »3</td><td>cap*</td><td>Ote 5</td><td>Opa *</td><td>€ «e;</td><td></td>

<td>'Bfc ssrei WK SUR</td><td>SPBI Wte teKMMMC</td><td>SQK BVM WH LLSPEI</td><td>ttOÜ PVdC</td><td>100% BVA3</td><td>NK saw »yes 20 * VUJffi *</td><td>WK sm »% IXOPF.t</td><td></td>

<td>3Λ ^</td><td>1 »« T</td><td>IMatf</td><td></td><td>beat</td><td>ÜaV</td><td> 1#</td><td></td>

process upsecr «η el jmiiíiu repMsente e» «tepe cte burhf · mipod»

Example 3S

<td>Owi</td><td></td><td> &lt;*·&gt; !&lt;*·♦</td><td>Cr »J</td><td>Ote * &lt;</td><td>&gt; Cate?</td>

<td>"VA ssni sun</td><td>s% serei «* kttiVUkk</td><td>fifty* BVA4 MV * mk i rae 1LWFI j</td><td>WOK EVA)</td><td>Mk vtorei 20% VLDPE4</td><td>w »UHU 20% uira</td>

<td>'xo «rf</td><td>x? oor</td><td>IMaT 1 Í2 * t</td><td>l * if</td><td>~ tñSJ—</td><td>IJ</td>

tqprrw e® «IctMMfeo wpMSMt» lysw te «tesado« te te «teMisctt · te« sudo sóido ^ omptoM

<td>kjioi</td><td>Ote?</td><td>Otei</td><td>Capel</td><td>Utes</td>

<td>to be"</td><td>MfeVLDPfit 3CHEVA1</td><td>EVA2</td><td>70% VLDTB » NKEVA1</td><td>»% EVA2 fifteen% ILDOEl</td>

<td>X5</td><td> 0</td><td> 022</td><td> &lt;5</td><td> 3</td>

* 'ttmh · π ft rnnitii ι · ιιοιι9 mimiíb tts «Antidote * do« Mtoata do &lt;sútido «r otepe do Iwituyi UyiJi of process ^« npkon

<td>CJtel</td><td>caps?</td><td>cees ³</td>

<td>ect</td><td>WK vwm 30% EVAI</td><td>m% eva-t myopic</td>

<td> 5</td><td>OR</td><td>M</td>

<img file="MX359274B_D0178.tif" />

of tedraido entities of ottenteción do ostedo

<img file="MX359274B_D0179.tif" />

157 'IMPI

Example 42

EtempIeM

<td>CVil</td><td>Winery 2</td><td>iwcr3</td>

<td>• PKEPCI 2% HCV</td><td>wkVUVBi mevAi</td><td>WKBVA-? a * non.</td>

<td> 3</td><td> 12</td><td> 15</td>

esnesor ca «I block awai * asnear of muido before &lt;* · oñantacidn of state sMdo in stage of bubble ñapada of pracasa

<td></td><td></td><td>Chap·)</td>

<td>ffC-l</td><td>«TVUWM MIVÁi Mace</td><td>MMEVA-7 ¡niwe</td>

<td> 5</td><td>OR</td><td>YES</td>

eepasni an M block lepieeenta thickness of beloved guiding entities of tasting aMdo in bubble stage ñipada of praceao

Example 40

<td>Capál</td><td>Cap?</td><td>Cap)</td><td>Cap)</td>

<td>"Metal</td><td>ΜΛΙ1ΙΜ</td><td>1 »VU» W 3WIVW</td><td>«HEVA- 7 2M6 BOFE</td>

<td></td><td>l »</td><td>κι »</td><td>13B</td>

meearenei Cuadrammeeaesor deeaeuido prior to orientation of adlMo state in stage of bwbqja ñapada de praraso

Qemplodl

<td>capel upa?</td><td>Qp.)</td><td>ch · 4</td>

<td>*** · I MALLXX2 12WKC |</td><td>WKviMe MRbmi</td><td>WH £ VA- 7 2Mb HDFF</td>

<td>1 I 1</td><td> »</td><td> 15</td>

otpesei an el stable rapraranta thickness of «oaddo ames d * onenteaón de astado sdtdo in stage of unipedal berbipe of inora

158

Mexican INSTITUTE Dt LA «QUEDAD INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0180.tif" />

Example 42

<td>Layer 1</td><td>Layer 2</td><td>Layer 3</td><td>Layer 4</td>

<td>Nylon 3</td><td>MALLD-2</td><td>70% VLDPE4</td><td>80% eva-7</td>

<td></td><td></td><td>29% EVA1</td><td>20% hdpe</td>

<td></td><td></td><td>2% BCC</td><td></td>

<td> 2</td><td> 1</td><td> 10</td><td> 3.5</td>

thickness in the box represents thickness of casting before solid state orientation in trapped bubble stage of process.

A seamless film tubing from each of the films in Examples 1-35 is cut and sealed to form an end seal bag. A small cut was made in the bag skirt, about 1 10 to 3 inches (2.54 to 5.08 cm) from the side edge of the folded bag. The bag skirt had a width of about 3.81 cm (1.5 inches). A product was placed in the bag, and the bag was sealed and shrunk around the product. The resulting end seal bags exhibit the following 15 characteristics:

Table: Stock Market Test Results

<img file="MX359274B_D0181.tif" />

159

IMPI

IMTTTVTO MEXICANO

OF INDOTTMAL MOISTURE

<img file="MX359274B_D0182.tif" />

<td>Ib¿iíw ' «M</td><td>fiMiii Wrong * MMM w</td><td>«Tento Uta» ¿«VC MtVKTO »</td><td>ConpMa Manual lapitoaMD * üp * s * shrink in agnaux [»&gt;</td><td>P&gt; n grifr »WwyartwalD Can * l Itataa vtes rif. Il **** pte</td><td>nqpagacMn KaagaOuraTD innetQbala UuM ¡y »M</td><td>BeMratiaata wgiaufiup Mtamafr-Í)</td><td>* e * M * aai ia ^ aanGnga Kcoaotaa. # kftfcite ASTMD j? U «A</td>

<td>t</td><td> 10</td><td>MMS</td><td> $1</td><td> 31</td><td></td><td>teas</td><td> «</td>

<td> 2</td><td>or</td><td>i / jl </td><td>Yes emj% r ··</td><td>n</td><td> 31</td><td>m</td><td> 114·</td>

<td>J</td><td>you</td><td></td><td>No W</td><td>to</td><td> 36</td><td> 673</td><td>M. »·</td>

<td> *</td><td>IM</td><td></td><td>N » &amp; *** ·</td><td> 31</td><td> 3»</td><td> 566</td><td>"Ttl"</td>

<td>s</td><td>2A</td><td></td><td>No (»S ~</td><td>tea</td><td>M</td><td>I tei </td><td>loe » IMJ 1JT2</td>

<td> &lt;</td><td>2Λ</td><td></td><td>N »</td><td> «1</td><td> «8</td><td> 6»</td><td>iVLT * WM ·</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 1.»</td><td></td><td>No W ·</td><td>M</td><td> 3*</td><td> 69»</td><td>m *</td>

160

INSWIW MEXICANO Bí ΙΛ MONEDAD

<td> 1</td><td> 133</td><td> 17/2»</td><td> ...</td><td>Wl</td><td> —</td><td> ...</td><td> 113·</td>

<td> «</td><td>2Λ</td><td>MM)</td><td> -·-</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td>! W *</td>

<td> 10</td><td> 10</td><td> - ·*</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> —</td>

<td>you</td><td> 14</td><td></td><td>yes</td><td>M</td><td>M</td><td> 1470</td><td>W3 *</td>

<td> 12</td><td>XI »</td><td>22M</td><td>YES</td><td> »</td><td>M</td><td> »40</td><td>tl * l</td>

<td>n</td><td> 2®</td><td>3V3 »</td><td>No</td><td> 22</td><td> 35</td><td> 7»</td><td>7X0</td>

<td>w</td><td>XI »</td><td> 2200*</td><td>No</td><td> 23</td><td> 44</td><td> 732</td><td> ...</td>

<td> 15</td><td>X47</td><td> »50</td><td>No</td><td>m</td><td> 320</td><td> «5</td><td> 713</td>

<td>M</td><td>M</td><td></td><td>Yes</td><td>2M</td><td> 440</td><td>3HO</td><td>122Λ</td>

<td> 17</td><td> 142</td><td>2 * M</td><td>9 0O9ty</td><td> 15</td><td> -</td><td> 747</td><td> ...</td>

<td>you</td><td>1M</td><td>t «M</td><td>Yes ΟΟΟΜΓ ·</td><td> 295</td><td> ...</td><td> 797</td><td> ...</td>

<td> 10</td><td>ΧΛ</td><td> »33</td><td>9 (UOM *⁹</td><td> 23</td><td> ...</td><td> •17</td><td></td>

<td> 30</td><td></td><td></td><td>Yes</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 21</td><td>2JS</td><td>zvn</td><td>yes 00039 **</td><td> 21</td><td> »</td><td>CM</td><td></td>

<td> 22</td><td> 153</td><td>2V3Í</td><td>YES aw% r *</td><td> 40</td><td></td><td> 72*</td><td></td>

<td> 23</td><td> 2-53</td><td> 2003</td><td>« ΟΟΟΜΤ *</td><td> 21</td><td> »</td><td> 724</td><td> ...</td>

<td>M</td><td> 23</td><td> 23/34</td><td>Yes (»019"</td><td> 12</td><td> «7</td><td> »4»</td><td></td>

<td>B</td><td> 23</td><td>2ίβ4</td><td>Yes (W *</td><td> 22</td><td> 31</td><td>κι</td><td></td>

<td>M</td><td> 131</td><td> 24/32</td><td>« (W *</td><td> 20</td><td> 27</td><td>7ΰ</td><td></td>

<td> 27</td><td>X »</td><td> 1*22</td><td>YES (W</td><td> »</td><td> 23</td><td>O4Í</td><td></td>

<td>Λ</td><td>2J »</td><td> 13/34</td><td colspan="2">± L.²1</td><td> ...</td><td>S20</td><td> ...</td>

161

<img file="MX359274B_D0183.tif" />

IMPL

INSTITUTO MEXICANO MU HUMEDAD INWSTWAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0184.tif" />

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(100H) ··</td><td colspan="3"></td>

<td> 2»</td><td></td><td> 17/34</td><td>YES (100%) ··</td><td> 17</td><td> 30</td><td> 643</td><td></td>

<td> 30</td><td> 2.29</td><td></td><td>YES (100%) * ·</td><td>71Λ</td><td> 81</td><td> 551</td><td> • *'</td>

<td> 31</td><td> 2.31</td><td></td><td>Yes (Í0Ü%) ··</td><td> 153</td><td></td><td> 557</td><td> ...</td>

<td>n</td><td>2.t »</td><td></td><td>Yes (100%) ··</td><td> 1130</td><td> 140</td><td> 693</td><td></td>

<td> 33</td><td> 2.5$</td><td> ...</td><td>Yes (100%) ··</td><td> 55.0</td><td> 50</td><td> 427</td><td></td>

<td> 34</td><td> 2.41</td><td></td><td>YES (100%) ··</td><td>57 J</td><td> 55</td><td> 477</td><td></td>

<td> 3$</td><td> 2.45</td><td></td><td>Yes (100%) * ·</td><td> 402</td><td> 46</td><td> 638</td><td></td>

<td> 36</td><td> 20</td><td>26 / Í7</td><td>Yes · «&gt; · pu0%)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 3?</td><td> 234</td><td>14ZM</td><td>Yes ♦ ··· (iuO%)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 38</td><td> 24</td><td> 1*32</td><td>Yes «· * (lV0%)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>J9</td><td> 2.4</td><td> 19/19</td><td>«* ··· (1009b}</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 40</td><td> 2.4</td><td> 177»</td><td>Yes · *** ^**** (100%)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 41</td><td> 2.4</td><td>IM2</td><td>$ r ··</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 42</td><td> 2.4</td><td> 19/28</td><td>sr ~ · X100%)</td><td> _</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

* Impact resistance tested on different film sample with the same designation ** 5-sample tear-based test results *** 20-sample tear-based test results **** 10-sample tear-based test results

The various preferred features in preferred embodiments of the invention as set forth above are useful in combination with each other. Any of the

162 various film compositions

<img file="MX359274B_D0185.tif" />

IMPI. ΙΜΤΓΜ »MEXICAN * OF THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

<img file="MX359274B_D0186.tif" />

of ethylene / hexene copolymer and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer) are preferred in combination with any one or more of the various preferred film properties (eg, thickness 1.5 to 5 mils, impact strength resistance of 50 to 250 Newtons peak, etc.) and / or in combination with any one or more preferred types of packaging items (eg, end seal bag,

163