Pixel mapping and printing for micro lens arrays to achieve dual-axis activation of images.
Abstract
A visual display assembly adapted for use as an anti-counterfeiting device on paper currency, product labels, and other objects. The assembly includes a film of transparent material including a first surface including an array of lenses and a second surface opposite the first surface. The assembly also includes a printed image proximate to the second surface. The printed image includes pixels of frames of one or more images interlaced relative to two orthogonal axes. The lenses of the array are nested in a plurality of parallel rows, and adjacent ones of the lenses in columns of the array are aligned to be in a single one of the rows with no offset of lenses in adjacent columns/rows. The lenses may be round-based lenses or are square-based lenses, and the lenses may be provided at 200 lenses per inch (LPI) or a higher LPI in both directions.

Term
7.4 yearsleft in the term
Expires 27 February 2034.
- Priority
- Filed
- Granted
- Today
- Expires
74 claims: 8 independent, 66 dependent
- 1CLAIMS REIVINDICACIONES 1. Un ensamble de presentación visual útil como un dispositivo contra la falsificación de papel moneda, etiquetas de productos y otros objetos, que comprende:one. A visual display assembly useful as an anti-counterfeiting device for paper money, product labels, and other objects, comprising: a film consisting of a first surface including an array of lenses and a second surface opposite the first surface: and an image layer next to the second surface, the image layer comprises pixels of image frames interleaved in relation to two orthogonal axes, where the image layer is adapted to display an image including a set of symbols, wherein the symbol set is activated with a first display effect when the assembly is rotated from a normal point of view on a first axis, where the symbol set is activated with a second display effect when the assembly is rotated from the normal point of view on a second axis orthogonal to the first axis;una película que consta de una primera superficie incluyendo una matriz de lentes y una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie: y una capa de imagen próxima a la segunda superficie, la capa de imagen comprende pixeles de marcos de imágenes intercaladas en relación con dos ejes ortogonales, en donde la capa de imagen está adaptada para mostrar una imagen que incluye un conjunto de símbolos, en donde el conjunto de símbolos se activa con un primer efecto de presentación cuando el ensamble se gira de un punto de vista normal sobre un primer eje, en donde el conjunto de símbolos se activa con un segundo efecto de presentación cuando el ensamble se gira desde el punto de vista normal sobre un segundo eje ortogonal al primer eje;en donde la capa de imagen comprende una película con una superficie que comprende nanoestructuras de metal o nanoestructuras de película transparente formadas para proporcionar los pixeles de los marcos de las imágenes intercaladas con relación a dos ejes ortogonales;wherein the image layer comprises a film with a surface comprising metal nanostructures or transparent film nanostructures formed to provide the pixels of the frames of the interleaved images relative to two orthogonal axes;en donde los marcos corresponden a una matriz con hasta 62,500 where the frames correspond to a matrix with up to 62,500 114 114 IMPI IMPI WSTrRUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROHEOAt INDUSTRIAL image frames, and where metal nanostructures are formed to encode color information in dimensional parameters of metal nanostructures to define color of each of the pixels WSTrrUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROHEOAt INDUSTRIAL marcos de imagen, y en donde las nanoestructuras de metal están formadas para codificar información de color en parámetros dimensionales de las nanoestructuras de metal para definir color de cada uno de los píxeles 5 of the picture frames. 5 de los marcos de las imágenes.
- 15Un método para fabricar un dispositivo contra la falsificación, que comprende:fifteen. A method of manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting device, comprising: generar un archivo de impresión que define intercalado de doble eje de una matriz de marcos de imagen;generate a print file that defines double axis interleaving of an image frame array;proporcionar una película transparente que comprende un arreglo de lentes en una primera superficie: y en función del archivo de impresión, imprimir una capa de tinta o proporcionar una película de metal fina con nanoestructuras en una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie, en donde los lentes del arreglo son lentes de base redonda hexagonal, o cuadrada, que están anidados en el arreglo, en donde la generación del archivo de impresión comprende asignación de pixel de imágenes intercaladas que, cuando se visualiza a través del arreglo de lentes proporcionan elementos de imagen que primero se activan con el fin de proporcionar un primer efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un primer eje y que se activan para proporcionar un segundo efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira providing a transparent film comprising a lens arrangement on a first surface: and depending on the print file, print an ink layer or provide a thin metal film with nanostructures on a second surface opposite the first surface, where the lenses of the array are hexagonal round or square base lenses that are nested in the array, where generation of the print file comprises pixel mapping of interleaved images that, when viewed through the lens array they provide imaging elements that are first activated to provide a first display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a first axis and activated to provide a second display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is turned on IMPI IMPI 117 117 INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL sobre un segundo eje que es transversal al primer eje;MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY on a second axis that is transversal to the first axis;en donde la generación del archivo de impresión incluye combinar los marcos de imagen de filas de la matriz para obtener archivos de pixeles verticales que comprende combinar pixeles en el eje X y después combinar los archivos de pixeles verticales para obtener el archivo de impresión;y en donde la generación del archivo de impresión que define el eje dual de intercalado de una matriz de marcos de imagen comprende asignar pixeles a dos o más de los lentes en el arreglo en un proceso no secuencial. wherein generating the print file includes combining the matrix row image frames to obtain vertical pixel files comprising combining pixels on the X axis and then combining the vertical pixel files to obtain the print file;and wherein generating the print file defining the dual interleaving axis of an image frame array comprises assigning pixels to two or more of the lenses in the array in a non-sequential process.
- 25A method of manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting device, comprising:25. Un método para fabricar un dispositivo contra la falsificación, que comprende: generar un archivo de Impresión que define intercalado de doble eje de una matriz de marcos de Imagen;generate a Print file that defines double-axis interleaving of an Image frame array;proporcionar una película transparente que comprende un provide a transparent film comprising a 119 119 IMPI IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL arreglo de lentes en una primera superficie;y-----—--------en función del archivo de impresión, imprimir una capa de tinta o proporcionar una película de metal fina con nanoestructuras en una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie, en donde los lentes del arreglo son lentes de base redonda hexagonal, o cuadrada, que están anidados en el arreglo, en donde la generación del archivo de impresión comprende asignación de píxel de imágenes intercaladas que, cuando se visualiza a través del arreglo de lentes proporcionan elementos de imagen que primero se activan con el fin de proporcionar un primer efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un primer eje y que se activan para proporcionar un segundo efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un segundo eje que es transversal al primer eje;MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY arrangement of lenses on a first surface;and -----—-------- depending on the print file, printing an ink layer or providing a thin metal film with nanostructures on a second surface opposite the first surface, where the lenses of the array are hexagonal round, or square, base lenses that are nested in the array, where generation of the print file comprises pixel mapping of interleaved images that, when viewed through the lens array they provide imaging elements that are first activated to provide a first display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a first axis and activated to provide a second display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a second axis that is transverse to the first axis;en donde la generación del archivo de impresión incluye combinar los marcos de imagen de filas de la matriz para obtener archivos de pixeles verticales que comprende combinar pixeles en el eje X y después combinar los archivos de pixeles verticales para obtener el archivo de impresión;y en donde las nanoestructuras están formadas para codificar información de color en parámetros dimensionales de las nanoestructuras para definir color de cada uno de los pixeles de los marcos de las imágenes. wherein generating the print file includes combining the matrix row image frames to obtain vertical pixel files which comprises combining pixels on the X axis and then combining the vertical pixel files to obtain the print file;and where the nanostructures are formed to encode color information in dimensional parameters of the nanostructures to define color of each of the pixels of the image frames.
- 27A visual display assembly useful as an anti-counterfeiting device on paper money, product labels, and other objects, characterized in that it comprises:27. Un ensamble de pantalla visual útil como un dispositivo contra la falsificación en papel moneda, etiquetas de producto, y otros objetos, caracterizado porque comprende: a film comprising a first surface including a lens array and a second surface opposite the first surface;and an image layer close to the second surface, the image layer comprises pixels of image frames interleaved with respect to two orthogonal axes;una película que comprende una primera superficie que incluye un arreglo de lentes y una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie;y una capa de imagen próxima a la segunda superficie, la capa de imagen comprende pixeles de marcos de imágenes intercaladas con respecto a dos ejes ortogonales;en donde la capa de imagen está adaptada para visualizar una imagen que incluye un conjunto de símbolos;wherein the image layer is adapted to display an image that includes a set of symbols;en donde el conjunto de símbolos es activado con un primer efecto de visualización cuando el ensamble se gira de un punto de vista normal sobre un primer eje;wherein the symbol set is activated with a first display effect when the assembly is rotated from a normal point of view on a first axis;en donde el conjunto de símbolos es activado con un segundo efecto de visualización cuando el ensamble se gira del punto de vista normal sobre un segundo eje ortogonal al primer eje;where the symbol set is activated with a second display effect when the assembly is rotated from the normal point of view on a second axis orthogonal to the first axis;en donde la capa de imagen comprende una película con una superficie que comprende nanoestructuras de metal o de película transparente formadas para proporcionar los pixeles de los marcos de las imágenes intercaladas con respecto a dos ejes ortogonales, y en donde las nanoestructuras de metal están formadas para codificar información de color en parámetros dimensionales de las nanoestructuras de metal para definir color de cada uno de los pixeles wherein the image layer comprises a film with a surface comprising metal or transparent film nanostructures formed to provide the pixels of the frames of the interleaved images with respect to two orthogonal axes, and wherein the metal nanostructures are formed to encode color information in dimensional parameters of metal nanostructures to define color of each of the pixels IMPI IMPI 121 121 INSTITUTO MEXICANO D£ LA PKOPfFPAD MEXICAN INSTITUTE D £ LA PKOPfFPAD INWJSTlIAL de los marcos de las imágenes. -—..... INWJSTlIAL of the image frames. -—.....
- 41A visual display assembly useful as an anti-counterfeiting device on paper money, product labels, and other objects, characterized in that it comprises:41. Un ensamble de pantalla visual útil como un dispositivo contra la falsificación en papel moneda, etiquetas de producto, y otros objetos, caracterizado porque comprende: a film comprising a first surface including a lens array and a second surface opposite the first surface;and an image layer close to the second surface, the Image layer comprises pixels of Interleaved Image frames with respect to two orthogonal axes;una película que comprende una primera superficie que Incluye un arreglo de lentes y una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie;y una capa de imagen próxima a la segunda superficie, la capa de Imagen comprende pixeles de marcos de Imágenes Intercaladas con respecto a dos ejes ortogonales;en donde la capa de Imagen está adaptada para visualizar una Imagen que Incluye un conjunto de símbolos;where the Image layer is adapted to display an Image that Includes a set of symbols;en donde el conjunto de símbolos es activado con un primer efecto de visualización cuando el ensamble se gira de un punto de vista normal sobre un primer eje;wherein the symbol set is activated with a first display effect when the assembly is rotated from a normal point of view on a first axis;en donde el conjunto de símbolos es activado con un segundo efecto de visualización cuando el ensamble se gira del punto de vista normal sobre un segundo eje ortogonal al primer eje;where the symbol set is activated with a second display effect when the assembly is rotated from the normal point of view on a second axis orthogonal to the first axis;en donde la capa de Imagen comprende una película con una superficie que comprende nanoestructuras de metal formadas para proporcionar los pixeles de los marcos de las Imágenes Intercaladas con respecto a dos ejes ortogonales, y en donde las nanoestructuras de metal están formadas para where the Image layer comprises a film with a surface comprising metal nanostructures formed to provide the pixels of the Interleaved Image frames with respect to two orthogonal axes, and where the metal nanostructures are formed to 124 124 IMPI IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO Di LA PROPIEDAD industrial codificar información de color en parámetros dimensionales de las nanoestructuras de metal para definir color de cada uno de los pixeles de los marcos de las imágenes. INSTITUTO MEXICANO Di LA PROPIEDAD industrial encode color information in dimensional parameters of metal nanostructures to define color of each of the pixels of the image frames.
- 55A method of manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting device, comprising:55. Un método para fabricar un dispositivo contra la falsificación, que comprende: generar un archivo de impresión que define intercalado de doble eje de una matriz de marcos de imagen;generate a print file that defines double axis interleaving of an image frame array;proporcionar una película transparente que comprende un arreglo de lentes en una primera superficie;y en función del archivo de Impresión, imprimir una capa de tinta o proporcionar una película de metal fina con nanoestructuras en una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie, en donde los lentes del arreglo son lentes de base redonda hexagonal, o cuadrada, que están anidados en el arreglo, en donde la generación del archivo de Impresión comprende asignación de píxel de imágenes intercaladas que, cuando se visualiza a través del arreglo de lentes proporcionan elementos de imagen que primero se activan con el fin de proporcionar un primer efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un primer eje y que se activan para proporcionar un segundo efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un segundo eje que es transversal al primer eje;providing a transparent film comprising a lens arrangement on a first surface;and depending on the Print file, print a layer of ink or provide a thin metal film with nanostructures on a second surface opposite the first surface, where the lenses of the array are hexagonal round, or square, base lenses that are nested in the array, where the generation of the Print file includes pixel assignment of interleaved images that, when viewed through the lens array they provide imaging elements that are first activated to provide a first display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a first axis and activated to provide a second display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a second axis that is transverse to the first axis;en donde la generación del archivo de impresión comprende ajustar un tamaño del archivo de impresión para coincidir una wherein generating the print file involves adjusting a size of the print file to match a IMPI IMPI 127 127 INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA «ΟΠΕΟΑΓ industrial inclinación óptica del arreglo de lentes, y — , ——__— en donde la generación del archivo de impresión que define el eje dual de intercalado de una matriz de marcos de imagen comprende asignar pixeles a dos o más de los lentes en el arreglo en un proceso no secuencial. MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF THE «industrial ΟΠΕΟΑΓ optical inclination of the lens arrangement, and -, ——__— where the generation of the print file that defines the dual interleaving axis of an image frame matrix comprises assigning pixels to two or more of the lenses in the arrangement in a non-sequential process.
- 61A method of manufacturing a device against 61. Un método para fabricar un dispositivo contra la 5 counterfeiting, which includes:5 falsificación, que comprende: generar un archivo de impresión que define intercalado de doble eje de una matriz de marcos de imagen;generate a print file that defines double axis interleaving of an image frame array;proporcionar una película transparente que comprende un arreglo de lentes en una primera superficie;y providing a transparent film comprising a lens arrangement on a first surface;and 10 depending on the print file, printing an ink layer or providing a thin metal film with nanostructures on a second surface opposite the first surface, where the array lenses are nested hexagonal round, or square, lenses in the arrangement, 10 en función del archivo de impresión, imprimir una capa de tinta o proporcionar una película de metal fina con nanoestructuras en una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie, en donde los lentes del arreglo son lentes de base redonda hexagonal, o cuadrada, que están anidados en el arreglo, 15 en donde la generación del archivo de impresión comprende asignación de pixel de Imágenes intercaladas que, cuando se visualiza a través del arreglo de lentes proporcionan elementos de Imagen que primero se activan con el fin de proporcionar un primer efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre fifteen wherein the generation of the print file comprises pixel mapping of Interleaved Images which, when viewed through the lens array, provide Image elements that are first activated in order to provide a first display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device turns on 20 un primer eje y que se activan para proporcionar un segundo efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un segundo eje que es transversal al primer eje;y en donde la generación del archivo de impresión que define el eje dual de intercalado de una matriz de marcos de imagen comprende twenty a first axis and which are activated to provide a second display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a second axis that is transverse to the first axis;and where the generation of the print file defining the dual interleaving axis of an image frame matrix comprises 25 assign pixels to two or more of the lenses in the array in a process 25 asignar pixeles a dos o más de los lentes en el arreglo en un proceso 129 129 INSTITUTO MEXICANO D€ LA PROPIEDAD MEXICAN INSTITUTE D € THE PROPERTY INDUSTRIAL no secuencial. --—1 INDUSTRIAL non-sequential. --—1
- 67A method of manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting device, comprising:67. Un método para fabricar un dispositivo contra la falsificación, que comprende: 130 130 IMPI IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO M LA fR # FItf »A0 industrial generate a print file that defined the double axis of a matrix of image frames;INSTITUTO MEXICANO M LA fR#FItf»A0 industrial generar un archivo de impresión que defiTié nllél tdldilu de dublé eje de una matriz de marcos de imagen;proporcionar una película transparente que comprende un arreglo de lentes en una primera superficie;y en función del archivo de impresión, imprimir una capa de tinta o proporcionar una película de metal fina con nanoestructuras en una segunda superficie opuesta a la primera superficie, en donde los lentes del arreglo son lentes de base redonda hexagonal, o cuadrada, que están anidados en el arreglo, en donde la generación del archivo de impresión comprende asignación de pixel de imágenes intercaladas que, cuando se visualiza a través del arreglo de lentes proporcionan elementos de imagen que primero se activan con el fin de proporcionar un primer efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un primer eje y que se activan para proporcionar un segundo efecto de presentación cuando el dispositivo contra la falsificación se gira sobre un segundo eje que es transversal al primer eje;y en donde las nanoestructuras están formadas para codificar información de color en parámetros dimensionales de las nanoestructuras para definir color de cada uno de los pixeles de los marcos de las imágenes. providing a transparent film comprising a lens arrangement on a first surface;and depending on the print file, print an ink layer or provide a thin metal film with nanostructures on a second surface opposite the first surface, where the lenses of the array are hexagonal round or square base lenses that are nested in the array, where generation of the print file comprises pixel mapping of interleaved images that, when viewed through the lens array they provide imaging elements that are first activated to provide a first display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a first axis and activated to provide a second display effect when the anti-counterfeiting device is rotated on a second axis that is transverse to the first axis;and where the nanostructures are formed to encode color information in dimensional parameters of the nanostructures to define color of each of the pixels of the image frames.
Independent claims8
623 paragraphs in 192 sections, as filed
(54) Title: MAPPING AND PRINTING OF PIXEL FOR MATRICES OF MICROLENTS TO OBTAIN ACTIVATION OF A DOUBLE AXIS OF IMAGES.
(54) Title: PIXEL MAPPING AND PRINTING FOR MICRO LENS ARRAYS TO ACHIEVE DUAL-AXIS ACTIVATION OF IMAGES.
(57) Summary
A visual display assembly adapted to be used as an anti-counterfeiting device on paper money, product labels, and other objects is described. The assembly includes a film of transparent material that includes a first surface including an array of lenses and a second surface opposite the first surface. The assembly also consists of a printed image near the second surface. The printed image includes box pixels of one or more images interleaved relative to two orthogonal axes. The array lenses are nested in a plurality of parallel rows, and the adjacent array columns lenses are aligned to be in a single row without any displacement of the lenses in adjacent columns / rows. Lenses can be round-base lenses or are square-base lenses, and lenses can be provided at 200 lenses per inch (2.54 cm) (LPI) or higher LPI in both directions.
(57) Abstract
A visual display assembly adapted for use as an anti-counterfeiting device on paper currency, product labels, and other objects. The assembly ineludes a film of transparent material including a first surface including an array of lenses and a second surface opposite the first surface. The assembly also ineludes a printed image proximate to the second surface. The printed image ineludes pixels of trames of one or more images interlaced relative to two orthogonal axes. The lenses of the array are nested in a plurality of parallel rows, and adjacent ones of the lenses in columns of the array are aligned to be in a single one of the rows with no offset of lenses in adjacent columns / rows. The lenses may be round-based lenses or are square-based lenses, and the lenses may be provided at 200 lenses per inch (LPI) or a higher LPI in both directions.
IM Ρ l £ 'Ά · <
PATENT TITLE No. 359175
Owner (s): LUMENCO, LLC
Address: 3600 South Huron Street, Englewood, Colorado, 80110, USA
Name: MAPPING AND PRINTING OF PIXEL FOR MICROLENT MATRICES TO OBTAIN DOUBLE AXIS ACTIVATION OF IMAGES.
Classification: CIP: B42D25 / 324; B42 | 2SV342; «GÍ) ffi3 / 0p; G02B27 / 22; G06K15 / 02
CPC: B42D25 / 29; B42D25 / 324; B42D25 / 328; B42D25 / 342; G02B3 / 0037,
G02fe27 / 22; G06K15 / 1867; H04N13 / 0406f B42D2035 / 44, B42D2035 / 50
Inventor (s): MARK A. RAYMOND; HECTORÍANDRES PORRAS SOTO
REQUEST
<td>Number:</td><td colspan="2">International Presentation Date:</td>
<td>MX / a / 2016/002927</td><td>February 27, 2014 PRIORITY</td><td></td>
<td>Country:</td><td>Date:</td><td>Number:</td>
<td>US</td><td>September 4, 2013</td><td> 14/017,415</td>
<td>US</td><td>February 26, 2014</td><td> 14/190,592</td>
Validity: Twenty years
Expiration Date: February 27, 2034 Issue Date: September 18, 2018
The reference patent is granted based on articles 1<sup>0</sup>, · 2® <τ3έΡΐ0η, ν, Λ · fráetji ^ íl Ul. And 59 of the Industrial Property Law.
In accordance with article 23 of the Máustflál Property Law, this patent has a validity of twenty, non-expendable years, counted from the date of filing of the international application and will be subject to the payment of the terita to keep the rights.
Whoever subscribes to this title does so based on the provisions of articles 6 fractional lll and 75 bis 2 of the Industrial Property Law (Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF,) 27/86/1991 / amended on Ό2Β8 / 1994, 10/25/1996, 12/26/1997, 05/17/1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/2005, 01/25/2006, 05/06/2009, 01/06/2010, 18 / Q6 / 2010, 06/28/2010, 01/27/2012, 04/09/2012, 01/02 & 2β'ΐ | ϊ and 03/13/2018); Articles 1 ', 3' section V subsection a), 4 “and 12 ° sections l and lll of the InstIWo Meteeanod Regulation · Industrial Property (DO: F. 14112/1999, renamed on 07/01/2002, 07/15/2004 2004, 07/28/2004 and 09/07/2007); articles 1, 3, 4, 5 "section V, subsection a), 16 sections I and lll and 30 of the Organic Statute of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (DOF 12/27/1999, revised on 10/10/2G02, 2S / 07/2004, 04/08/2004 and 09/13/2007); 1, 3 "and 5" clause a) of the Agreement that delegates powers to the Deputy Directors General, Coofdinadofc DireetófesiWvlirtonateáiJ ^ utáresideiis Regional Offices, Divisional Deputy Directors, Coordinators Departmental and other subordinates of the Mexican Tropic. (DOF 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000, 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007)
This page is signed with an advanced electronic signature (FIEL), based on articles 7 BIS 2 of the Industrial Property Law; 3rd of its Regulations, and 1 section III, 2 section V, 26 BIS and 26 TER of the Agreement establishing the guidelines for the use of the Electronic Payment and Services Portal (PASE) of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property, in the procedures indicated.
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DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS NAHANNY CANAL REYES
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MX / 2018/78598
<img file="MX359175B_D0003.tif" />
35C | tf5 IMPI '-' ΐΝϊΤιτιιτη μεϊιγαμ <->
MEXICAN INSTITUTE Dt THE INBUSTWAL PROPERTY
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MAPPING AND PRINTING PIXEL FOR MATRfGHES-OB ------ MICROLENTS TO GET DOUBLE AXIS ACTIVATION OF
IMAGES
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of part of US patent application No. 14 / 017,415, filed on September 4, 2013, which claims the benefit of US provisional application No. 61 / 743,485, filed on September 5, 2012, and both of these requests are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND
one. Description field
The present invention relates generally to combining printed images with lens matrices to display three-dimensional (3D) images with or without motion, and, in particular, to a pixel mapping method, providing pixel arrangements and imaging that has been adapted for use with square, round, parallelogram, microlens, or hexagonal to provide better 3D imaging with higher volume and / or directional movement.
INSTtTUT MEXICAN »
OF THE ΓΒ · ΗΕ> ΛΓ>
INDUSTRIAL
AND
2. Relevant Background
Currently there are many applications where it is desirable to see a printed image through an array of lenses. For example, anti-counterfeiting efforts often involve the use of an anti-counterfeiting device or item that is made up of an array of lenses and an image printed on the back of the array of lenses or on an underlying substrate or surface ( for example, a sheet of paper or plastic). The anti-counterfeiting item can be used to display an image that has been selected to be unique and to be an indicator that the item carrying the anti-counterfeiting item is not a counterfeit. The anti-counterfeiting market is rapidly growing worldwide with anti-counterfeiting items placed on a wide range of items, such as behind your coin (for example, on a surface of a paper bill to help prevent copying. ) and on retail product labels (for example, clothing labels that show authenticity).
In this regard, Moiré patterns have been used for years in anti-counterfeiting elements with round lens matrices and with hexagonal matrix matrices (or round and hexagonal lens matrices). Typically, the printed images provided in an ink layer under these lenses are fine images, small, with respect to the size of the lenses. A Moiré motif is provided on printed images in the form of a secondary and visually obvious overlay pattern
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In these anti-counterfeiting elements based on a Moiré pattern 5, some of the Images can be printed at a slightly more or less frequent frequency than one-to-one-dimensional lenses on two axes, and some of the Images can be printed with some differences with respect to each other. Figure 1 shows an illustrative assembly 100 that can be used as an element against counterfeiting by making use of Moiré pattern enlargement. The assembly 100 includes a lens array 110 made of collateral, parallel columns (or rows) 112 of round lenses 114, and it can be seen that the columns 112 are equidistant from each other (by 50 percent) that, for example, the pairs of adjacent lenses 114 in the columns do not align (for example, a lens in a next column is placed in the space between two lenses, in the previous column).
A printed image 120 is provided in an ink layer underneath the lens matrix 110 (at the rear, flat surface of the lens matrix 110). The result, which is difficult to see in Figure 1, is an enlarged Moiré pattern that creates the illusion of depth of field for an observer through the lenses 112 of the matrix 110 or, in some cases, the feeling that images are in motion (motion or animation of the displayed items). Typically, the thickness of each of the lenses 112
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It is in the range of 0.5 / 1000 to 5/1000 inches (or 12 to about 125 microns), and the frequency of these 112 lenses in an array is from about 110 400 x 400 to over 1000 x 1000 by 2.54 cm.
While helping to reduce counterfeiting, the use of Moiré patterns with round amplification lens matrices has not been entirely satisfactory to the counterfeiting market. One reason is that the effects that can be achieved with Moiré patterns are limited. For example, you cannot take a 3D photo and display with a Moiré pattern. In general, Moiré patterns are used in the security and / or anti-counterfeiting industry in very thin lenses with focal lengths of about 20 to 75 micrometers and frequencies of more than 500 lenses per 2.54 centimeters on an axis or more than 250,000 lenses per square centimeter. As a result, the underlying images of the lenses in the lens array are typically printed at least 12,000 DPI (dots per inch or 2.54 centimeters) and are likely to be provided at over 25,000 DPI. These micro-lens arrays are generally and closely nested as shown in element 200 with their array 210 in Figure 2. Matrix 210 uses hexagonal lenses that are provided in overlapping offset columns 212 (for example, collateral lenses 214 are not aligned in a row and are positioned to fill or nest in the space between two adjacent column lenses
212) to focus and enlarge an image or pattern of Moiré 220 in
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A problem or issue with the use of said matrix 210 e
Images 220 is that element 200 is relatively easy to reverse to Engineering, which limits its usefulness as an anti-counterfeiting element. In particular, the patterns 220 underlying the lenses 214 can be viewed with an inexpensive and readily available microscope, which allows the frequency of the Images and patterns to be determined. Additionally, lenses 214 can be cast and re-molded, leaving the printing of identified images as the only obstacle to copying item 200 (and then counterfeiting a piece of coin or a label for a product). Unfortunately, printing the 220 image is getting easier to perform due to high resolution printing lasers and setters and other advancements in
Print. Typically, for a 200 element, ml lenses are printed using a relief and fill technology, which greatly limits printing to one color due to the fact that the process tends to be self-polluting after one color and also due to the fact that the process is difficult to control from a color to color step in the Embossing and Fill Printing process.
Therefore, there remains a need for advances in the design and manufacture of assemblies or elements that combine a lens matrix with a printed Image (ink layer containing images / patterns) to display Images. These improvements may allow the production of new devices or elements against the
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IX PROPERTY θ INDUSTRIAL counterfeiting for use with currency, labels, credit / debit cards, and other items, and these anti-counterfeiting devices would preferably be much more difficult, if not nearly impossible to duplicate or copy. Additionally, there is a growing demand for such anti-counterfeiting devices to provide a striking or key factor with your Displayed Images such as Images floating above and / or below a focal plane (eg, more realistic 3D displays).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Briefly, the Inventors recognized that it may be beneficial to provide a different nesting of lenses in an array that can then be combined with an Image having a double interleaved axis. For example, lenses can be circular or square base lenses that have their centers aligned so that the matrix is made up of parallel rows and columns of lenses (for example, without having adjacent lenses offset from each other as seen in Figures 1 and 2). The image is printed from a print file generated from a matrix of frames of images taken from a plurality of viewpoints (POVs) along a first axis (X axis) and also to along a second axis (Y axis). The frames are interspersed in both directions to provide pixel mapping to the lenses of the array.
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More particularly, a display display assembly is provided which is useful as an anti-counterfeiting device in paper money, product labels and other objects. Assembly includes a film of transparent material
Including a first surface that includes an array of lenses and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The assembly also includes a printed image near the second surface. The printed image includes frame pixels of one or more images interleaved in relation to two orthogonal axes (Printed from a file generated using double axis interleaving instead of single axis interleaving as in conventional Lenticular Printing). Matrix lenses are nested in a plurality of parallel rows, and adjacent lenses in matrix columns can be aligned to be in one of the rows (for example, no offset of adjacent lenses may be useful in some cases).
To provide the lens matrix, the lenses can be round base lenses, square base lenses, or hex base lenses. Matrix lenses are supplied at 200 LPC (or a
Greater LPC) as measured along both of the two orthogonal axes. Lenses can have a focal length of less than 25.4 / 2540 centimeters. In some embodiments, frames each include a different point of view (POV) of the one or more images. In these cases, the frames include images from at least three POVs along one of the two orthogonal axes,
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In the assembly, the printed image can be adapted, such that a displayed image of a normal POV includes a first set of symbols and a second set of symbols, and, in an image displayed when the assembly is rotated from the normal POV over a first axis, the first and second sets of symbols move in opposite directions. Furthermore, the printed image can be adapted so that in a displayed image, when the assembly is rotated from the normal POV about a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, the first and second symbols move in a single direction that is orthogonal to the second axis.
In other assemblies, the printed image can be adapted such that a displayed image of a normal POV includes a first set of symbols and a second set of symbols, and, in an image that appears when the assembly is rotated from the normal POV over A first axis, the first and second sets of symbols can move in a single direction that is parallel to the first axis of the assembly. In such modalities of the assembly, the printed image is adapted so that in an image that appears when the assembly is rotated from the normal POV on a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, the first and second symbols move in a single direction. which is parallel 25 to the second axis.
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Another visual effect is achieved in other modalities of the ensemble. In particular, the printed image may include a wallpaper pattern (eg, with icons, logos, and other symbols) and an overlay pattern. Next, the printed image may include pixels mapped so that the wallpaper pattern is visible from a plurality of POVs (when the assembly is rotated / tilted at different angles to an observer's line of sight), and the pattern Overlay has a scope of different visibilities through the plurality of POVs. For example, different visibilities may include overlapping being invisible (or only slightly visible) to an observer throughout a normal POV of the assembly while rotating or tilting the assembly further and further away from normal (in either direction in some cases ) causes the darkness or brightness of the overlay pattern to increase until it is fully visible (or as dark or bright it can be such as at some more extreme angle to normal such as a angle on the scale of 45 to 60 degrees, or the like).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a top view of an assembly used as an anti-counterfeiting element or device with a lens array made of vertically displaced round collateral round lens columns (for example, lenses are not arranged in rows).
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INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE ΙΑ PRONEDAO INDUSTRIAL (linear in the matrix) covering a printed Moiré pattern! .............. ~~
Figure 2 is a top view, similar to that of Figure 1, showing an assembly used as an anti-counterfeiting element or device with a lens matrix made of vertically displaced and collateral hexagonal lens columns (for example, lenses not organized in linear rows and closely nested in contiguous contact) covering a pattern of Printed Moiré;
Figures 3A and 3B illustrate a top and sectional view taken on line 3B-3B, respectively, of an article, for example, a piece of paper money or a product label with an anti-counterfeiting device based on a matrix round lens;
Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a top and sectional view taken on line 4B-4B, respectively, of an item such as a paper money or tag with an anti-counterfeiting device or item supplied on a surface based on a matrix of square lenses;
Figure 5 shows a process for obtaining frames or
Images associated with different points of view taken from a scene along the horizontal axis ox;
Figure 6 shows a process for obtaining frames or images associated with different points of view taken from the scene of Figure 5 along the vertical or Y axis;
Figure 7 illustrates a larger set of frames or Images
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obtained by taking different points of a scene at each point along the X-axis (or Y-axis), for example, multiple sets of frames or providing height;
Figure 8 shows an Image provided by an illustrative interleaved file 5 for a row of an array of frame files associated with multiple viewpoints (eg, a vertically merged file);
Figure 9 illustrates an image provided by a Print file combination (or two-way interleaved file or X and Y axis combination file) for use with a lens array of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 illustrates a collateral comparison of an image of an original combination print file and an adjusted (enlarged) combination print file image as described in the description;
Figures 11 and 12 show views of two illustrative assemblies viewed from different POVs, with the assembly being useful as anti-counterfeiting or similar devices that are configured with a matrix of lenses and printed image to provide different movement effects;
Figure 13 shows a series of views of another printed image / lens (ink layer) lens assembly (or anti-counterfeiting device) from a number of different POVs;
Figure 14 illustrates a normal (or orthogonal / flat) view and 25 left and right angled views of another assembly of
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<img file="MX359175B_D0011.tif" />
lens / printed image (anti-counterfeiting device);
Figure 15 illustrates an assembly (eg, an anti-counterfeiting device in the form of a label) that incorporates a matrix of microlenses provided through an ink layer containing a double je interleaved image set as described herein. ;
Figure 16 is a functional or schematic block diagram of a system for use in the manufacture of anti-counterfeiting devices or lens / printed image assemblies of the present disclosure;
Figure 17 illustrates a flow chart of a pixel matching method 0a in accordance with the present disclosure and how it can be implemented with the system of Figure 16;
Figure 18 provides a schematic and print file 15 (pixel mapping) showing a process for providing dual axis interleaving of image frames to achieve visual effects described herein;
Figures 19-21 are graphs showing ray allocation for assemblies of the present disclosure, for example, in the case of a lens array combined with a dual axis interleaved image;
Figure 22 is a graph of an off-axis ray assignment;
Figure 23 is a point diagram corresponding to an off-axis analysis of Figure 22;
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<img file="MX359175B_D0012.tif" />
Figures 24 and 25 are two additional two point graphs or diagrams for a round base lens (or spherical lens);
Figure 26 is a graph of a lens beam assignment associated with the graphs of Figures 24 and 25;
Figures 27-29 illustrate, similar to Figures 11 and
12, other illustrative assemblies viewed from different POVs, the assemblies being useful as an anti-counterfeiting device for coin or other objects that are configured with a matrix of lenses and printed image to provide different motion effects (dual axis activation);
Figure 30 illustrates another assembly that can be used as an anti-counterfeiting device with a foreground image pushed background pattern in all POVs;
Figure 31 illustrates an upper part of an article, for example, a piece of paper money or a product label with an anti-counterfeiting device based on a hexagonal lens array (or hexagonal lens array in a nested pattern); and
Figure 32 illustrates an upper part of an item, for example, a piece of paper money or a product label with an anti-counterfeiting device based on a round or circular lens array (or round lens array in a nested pattern ).
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Briefly, the present disclosure is directed toward designs of lens matrix assemblies combined with printed images provided in an ink layer. Assemblies can be used, for example, but not as a limitation, as anti-counterfeiting elements or devices. The lens matrices are different from those shown in Figures 1 and 2, in part, since the lenses are arranged in columns that are not vertically offset so that the lenses are provided in parallel columns and also in parallel rows (for example , pairs of adjacent lenses in collateral columns are aligned with their central axes being collinear). The lenses can be round-base, square-base, and parallelogram-base, or hexagonal-base lenses, and the underlying image has its pixels assigned and arranged so that the microlens array produces a 3D image displayed at full volume and, in some cases, with movement or multidirectional animation.
In an embodiment shown in Figures 3A and 3B, an article
300 (such as a piece of paper money, a label for a product, or the like) is provided with an anti-counterfeiting element or device in the form of a lens matrix (round lens matrix) 310 covering or provided on top of an ink layer 320 providing a printed image. As shown, article 300 includes a substrate or body 305
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such as a sheet of paper or plastic (for example, paper to be used as currency, or paper / plastic to be used for the product label). On a surface 307 of the substrate / body 305, an image is printed through an ink layer 320, and a matrix of lenses 310 is provided on an exposed surface of the ink layer 320 (for example, the ink layer 320 and its pattern / image can be Printed on the substrate surface 307 or on the rear surface of the lens matrix 310).
As shown, the lens array 310 is composed of a plurality of lenses 314 each having a round base 317 that abuts the surface 321 of the ink layer 320 and has a dome-shaped cross section as shown in figure 3B. The round base lenses or round lenses 314 are arranged in a number of columns 312 that are parallel, as shown, by parallel verticals or Y-axes 313 (axes passing through the center of the lenses 314 in columns 312) at the figure 3A. In addition, lenses 314 are arranged such that pairs of lenses 314 on adjacent columns 312 are in contact with or near at least base 317 (as shown in Figures 3A and 3B). Furthermore, columns 312 are not vertically offset as shown in matrices 110, 210 of Figures 1 and 2 such that adjacent pairs of lenses 314 are aligned in rows as can be seen by horizontal parallels or axes.
X 315 passing through the 314 lens centers in the matrix
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310 (For example, the lenses 314 of the matrix 310 are vertically and horizontally aligned due to the specific nesting shown in Figure 3A).
In an embodiment shown in Figures 4A and 4B, an article
400 (such as a piece of paper money, a label for a product, or the like) is provided with an anti-counterfeiting item or device in the form of a lens matrix (eg, square-base lens matrix) 410 covering or provided on top of an ink layer 420 providing a printed image. As shown, article 400 includes a substrate or body 405 such as a sheet of paper or plastic (eg, paper to be used as currency or paper / plastic to be used for a product label). On a surface 407 of the substrate / body 405, an image is printed through an ink layer 420, and a lens matrix 410 is provided on an exposed surface of the ink layer 420 (for example, the ink layer 420 and its pattern / image can be printed on the substrate surface 407 or on the rear surface of the lens matrix 410).
As shown, the lens array 410 is comprised of a plurality of lenses 414 each having a square base 417 that abuts the surface 421 of the ink layer 420 and there may be such a dome-shaped cross section as shown in figure 4B. The square base lenses or 414 square lenses are arranged in a number of columns 412 which are
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INDUSTRIAL parallel, as shown, by parallel verticals or Y axes 413 (axes passing through the center of the lenses 414 in columns
412) in Figure 4A. Furthermore, lenses 414 are arranged so that pairs of lenses 414 are adjacent to the columns.
412 they are in contact with or close to at least base 417 (as shown in Figures 4A and 4B). Still further, columns 412 are not vertically offset as shown in matrices 110, 210 of Figures 1 and 2 such that pairs of adjacent lenses 414 are aligned in the rows as can be seen by horizontal parallels or X axes 415 passing through lens centers 414 in die 410 (eg, lenses 414 in die 410 are vertically and horizontally aligned due to the illustrated nesting of lenses 414).
In the 310, 410 lens arrays, the lenses can be provided at a frequency of only 150 lenses per 2.54 linear centimeters on the X and Y axes or up to about 4000 lenses per 2.54 linear centimeters on each of the X and Y axes Note that the lenses are nested as shown in Figures 3A and 4A so that there is little or no interference from the lenses together or adjacent when an ink layered image 320, 420 is viewed by the observer of elements 300 , 400. Both the nested square and round base 414, 314 lenses can be used to support the interleaving process described here to provide the image / pattern in ink layer 320, 420. In some cases, the 414 square base lenses They may be
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- | θ INDUSTRIAL preferred as they produce a fuller image ~ foYálThehte iréTia7 Ink coats 320, 420 have been adapted or designed for use with 310, 410 lens matrices to deliver full volume 3D rendered images with or without motion or multidirectional animation. In particular, the images are interleaved, similar to lenticular images, on the X axis, and then also on the Y axis to create full volume 3D interleaved images. Lenses 314, 414 have a spot selected for an observer, and the resulting image (image presented from the light reflected from the ink layers 320, 420 through the lens matrices 310, 410) seen by the observer is an image 3D in all directions, regardless of the viewer's point of view.
At this point, it may be helpful to compare and contrast the effects that can be produced with a 320, 420 ink layer pixel mapping arrangement combined with 310, 410 lens matrices against an assembly based on a conventional Moiré pattern (see those shown in Figures 1 and 2) with the following list of effect: (1) floating is provided by both Moiré and pixel mapping according to the present description; (2) float height is limited to 100 percent with Moiré patterns while 150 percent float can be achieved with modalities based on pixel mapping; (3) unidirectional movement is provided by both techniques; (4) on and off is available / can only be achieved with pixel mapping techniques; (5) animation .4 '• * k »% ·
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also available only with pixel mapping based modalities; (6) zoom cannot be provided by Moiré patterns but can be provided with pixel mapping; (7) Real 3D is only supplied with pixel mapping based modalities described here; (8) Movement in opposite directions is also only achieved with pixel mapping based modalities of the present disclosure; (9) a top / side image is another effect only available with the use of pixel mapping based modes; and (10) full volume 3D is only available through the use of the lens matrix and pixel mapping taught in this document. As a result of all or some of these effects or aspects of the two techniques, Moiré's pattern-based anti-counterfeiting devices are easily designed in reverse, while pixel-mapping-based anti-counterfeiting devices are impossible or nearly impossible to implement. reverse engineering.
With a general understanding of the lens matrix and its understood configurations, it may be helpful to discuss pixel arrangement, imaging, and mapping for circular based and square based lenses (for example, the design of ink layers of the assemblies shown in Figures 3A-4B). Traditional Lenticular Printing (Image Interleaved Printing for use with Lenticular Lens Arrays) uses a certain number of files that are created from different points of view (or points) in order to obtain a
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY 3D effect. For example, a point of view in a single plane moves left or right to create a next point of view. Traditional lenticular printing also uses different frames of an image sequence to create some movement or animation or other visual effects. Once generated, the set of frames or files are combined into an Interleaved file which is then Printed on the back of a lenticular lens matrix or on a substrate on which the lenticular lens matrix can be applied. The process of creating the final file for the original frames is called interleaving (for example, the process of emptying and organizing printed information at a certain step to match a given array of lenticular lenses).
The Interlayer in traditional lenticular material has only one direction, and the interlayer depends on the lens direction so that the fringe is horizontal or vertical. This process combines the frames so that the observer can see the effect working horizontally or vertically (but not both) according to the lens direction. Figure 5 illustrates a process 500 in which a set of single Image or Scene files 540 are viewed from three different points of view 510, 520, and 530 (such as -45 degrees, orthogonal, and +45 degrees or the like) are obtained for use in Printing. Points 510, 520, and 530 are views of the same scene taken along the horizontal or X-axis. The resulting frames or points of view 510, 520, 530 from the views are
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slightly different and then combined in an interleaving process. When this interleaved image frame is combined with a lenticular sheet of material and viewed, the frame can generate depth perception or a 3D effect.
As shown in Figures 3A-4D, circular and square base lenses can be used in the matrix of lenses with a printed image, and these lenses allow the effects to work in two directions simultaneously, for example in the horizontal and vertical at the same time. The fact that visual effects are created in all directions also requires that a more complete set of frames or views of the same scene be provided in the printed image (or ink layer) used with round or square lens arrays. With this recognition by the inventors, the Inventors developed a new process (described below) to Collate (or rather assign, organize, and form pixel images) these framesets from a single scene.
For example, matrices of circular, hexagonal, parallelogram type, or round base lenses (as opposed to cylindrical lenses or elongated lenses) allow us to have not only a set of points of view, as shown in Figure 5, which can be useful with traditional lenticular lenses but they also have different sets of views from different heights (or along the vertical or Y axis). Figure 6 shows a process 600 to get more frames or views from scene 640 (which can
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be the same scene / image 540). As shown, frames 610, 620, 630 from three different points of view (for example, +45 degrees relative to orthogonal to Y axis, orthogonal to Y axis, and -45 degrees relative to Y axis or similar) they are obtained from a 640 image of a single scene.
One of the main differences between the process described at this time and traditional lenticular printing, however, is the fact that now two or more sets of views or frames corresponding to those points are combined in one image file for the Print. In other words, collation is done for views along the vertical axis and along the horizontal axis. This means that, instead of collating a frame sequence, the new collation process (or print file generation process) involves smart mapping of a frame matrix corresponding to different views taken along the X-axes and Y. In the present example, as shown in diagram 700 in Figure 7, there are three sets 710, 720, 730 that each include three frames 712, 714, 716, 722, 724, 726, 732, 734, 736. This can be thought of as selecting each horizontal or axis viewpoint (as shown in Figure 5) and then generating two additional vertical or Y axis views for a single scene (as shown in Figure 6) ( or vice versa).
Figures 5-7 provide a simple example, but many other viewpoint numbers can be used. For example,
INSTITUTO MEXICANO K LA HKWETMt industrial a traditional lenticular impression can involve the use of 10 corresponding frames with 10 different points of view along the X axis (or Y axis). Instead, the interleaving process or printing process would involve 10 sets of 10 frames each so that the total number of frames provides a matrix of 100 frames. Based on the present description, the interleaving or printing process then involves assigning and forming images of each of the 100 frames of each of the pixels.
At this point, it may be useful to describe in more detail the X and Y axis pixel mapping and imaging to obtain an image file that can be printed for use with one of the lens arrays described here (such as, for example, for use in currency or a product label as part of an anti-counterfeiting device.) The frame file array (for example, the 700 frame file array in Figure 7) is preferably combined to generate the file you want to print and which, when printed and used with a preset / particular lens array, can generate a desired visual effect. For example, if you were to assume the use of six frames for each frame set (instead of three sets as shown in 710, 720, 730 in Figure 7), the frame matrix would be (with the frame number providing the established number and the framework of said matrix):
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<td>Frame 11</td><td>Frame 12</td><td>Frame 13</td><td>Frame 14</td><td>Frame 15</td><td>Frame 16</td>
<td>Frame 21</td><td>Frame 22</td><td>Frame 23</td><td>Frame 24</td><td>Frame 25</td><td>Frame 26</td>
<td>Frame 31</td><td>Frame 32</td><td>Frame 33</td><td>Frame 34</td><td>Frame 35</td><td>Frame 36</td>
<td>Frame 41</td><td>Frame 42</td><td>Frame 43</td><td>Frame 44</td><td>Frame 45</td><td>Frame 46</td>
<td>Frame 51</td><td>Frame 52</td><td>Frame 53</td><td>Frame 54</td><td>Frame 55</td><td>Frame 56</td>
<td>Frame 61</td><td>Frame 62</td><td>Frame 63</td><td>Frame 64</td><td>Frame 65</td><td>Frame 66</td>
A first step in mapping / imaging can be to combine each row of frames from the matrix (for example, as if vertical lenses were being used). In this way, a sequence of combined pixels occurs on the X axis of the same scene but from slightly different heights or points of view (Y axis). For example, the merge can start with the collation of the six frames from the first row of the matrix, the collation of the six frames in the second row, and so on until there is one collated file for each row of the file matrix. frame (images of the same scene from different points of view). It may be useful to name the image sequences in a sequence from the top to the bottom of the array, and the first interleaved file can be Si 01, which is the result of the first row and so on until you have a sixth interleaved file of SI 06 from the sixth row for the illustrative (but not limiting) matrix indicated above. Figure 8 shows an image 800 using the images of the matrix 700 of figure 7 for one of the rows of the matrix. The resulting file
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<img file="MX359175B_D0022.tif" />
provided by image 800 is a combination of sectors 810 of each frame in the particular row (stripes or sectors 810 of Interleaved Image).
A second step in mapping / imaging is to combine these vertically combined files (X axis) into a single final file for use in printing. The information that is useful or even necessary is a horizontal sector to create concurrently or simultaneously the effect in the other direction. A second (horizontal) mapping process is carried out, but this time using the previously generated vertical pixel files as the input to create the bidirectional frames (X and Y axes).
In this second step it is desirable that: (1) the pixels in the files are combined vertically in the same sequence defined above: (2) The files are regenerated with the Horizontal Information as provided in the pixel map, and therefore , to create the print file; and (3) the result is a bidirectional pixel map with all the 3D or motion information in both directions, which means that, instead of having stripes or sectors, the final file has squares with the matrix data arranged in a shape that is similar to frames in the array. Regarding this third article, it may be important to note that when combined with a round, hexagonal, parallelogram, or square base matrix lens, an Image printed from this file allows any point of view to be
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INDUSTRIAL achieves / presents an observer and will allow the presentation of movement in any direction.
Figure 9 illustrates an image 900 that can be printed for use with a square, hexagonal, parallelogram, square base lens array of a final print file output from this second mapping / imaging step. In this last linear image 900, you can see the interleaving in a vertical direction with sectors / stripes 912 and also in the horizontal direction with sectors / stripes 914. The exploded / enlarged portion
910 It is useful for displaying this two-way collation and also for displaying the square composition, (see, for example, square 916) of this last print file (two axis combination file).
Imaging and mapping can also be done using both the X-axis and Y-axis to achieve a motion effect. In traditional lenticular printing, the idea is to loop a print image interspersed with the frame sequence that is described or provides movement. This loop concept is also useful for the printing described herein but, again, with circular, hexagonal, parallelogram, or square (or other lens sets) base lenses, one processes a frame array. In order to get the loop sequence in all directions, the matrix should normally be arranged in such a way that a loop sequence is seen in each row and also in each line / column of the matrix at the same
IMPI time. For example, if the input to print is a sequence of six frames, the 6 x 6 frame matrix can be organized as follows:
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<td>Frame 5</td><td>Frame 6</td><td>Frame 1</td><td>Frame 2</td><td>Frame 3</td><td>Frame 4</td>
<td>Frame 6</td><td>Frame 1</td><td>Frame 2</td><td>Frame 3</td><td>Frame 4</td><td>Frame 5</td>
<td>Frame 1</td><td>Frame 2</td><td>Frame 3</td><td>Frame 4</td><td>Frame 5</td><td>Frame 6</td>
<td>Frame 2</td><td>Frame 3</td><td>Frame 4</td><td>Frame 5</td><td>Frame 6</td><td>Frame 1</td>
<td>Frame 3</td><td>Frame 4</td><td>Frame 5</td><td>Frame 6</td><td>Frame 1</td><td>Frame 2</td>
<td>Frame 4</td><td>Frame 5</td><td>Frame 6</td><td>Frame 1</td><td>Frame 2</td><td>Frame 3</td>
The arrangement provided in this matrix allows, when used to create a printed image, to see a loop (through a matrix of circular or square base lenses) in both directions (X and Y axes). The printed image may also produce little or no distortion by providing each row and each column so that it is slightly out of phase with respect to the other nearby rows and columns. The interleaving process based on this matrix would then be the same as described above to obtain or produce a final interleaving file (also sometimes called X and Y axis pixel file).
In order to create a microlensing print quality image (print for use with the lens matrices shown here), the optical tilt of the lenses must accurately match the sheet metal, screen tests, or output device digital on two axes. In other words, the number of frames on both the X-axis and the Y-axis multiplied by the number of
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<img file="MX359175B_D0024.tif" />
Lenses must be equal (exactly equal in some cases) to the DPI (dots per inch (2.54 centimeters)) of the optical optical tilt output device of the lenses. The exact number of lens LPCs coming out of the lens array material sheet construction is what is called a mechanical pitch, but depending on the viewing distance, those contact lenses will focus on a different frequency meaning that when combined the number of lines per 2.54 centimeters of a given frame will not coincide with the number of lenticules per 2.54 centimeters. Therefore, a calibration process (called a walk test) can be used to better determine the exact number of lines per 2.54 centimeters that focus on that particular lens sheet or film at a given distance and for a particular printing device. .
In other words, the number of X-axis frames multiplied by the number of lenses (optical tilt) must be equal to the resolution of the output device (this should also be true for the Y-axis). One challenge is that the DPI value generated during printing, even when carefully designed, may not match the Optical Tilt of the printed lens. This may be due to distortion on the web or sheet process and / or due to typical shrinkage or expansion and distortion in film making. Even if the film is made precisely to match the optical inclination of the output device, the pitch can change significantly as the
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<img file="MX359175B_D0025.tif" />
Film is printed due to a cylindrical distortion that is common in all printing processes (eg flexo, gravure, offset, screen printing, holography, embossing and filling, and the like). Also, distortion may be greater in the web or sheet repeating direction around the cylinder.
In the past, adjusting a file to match the target step and DPI has been done in traditional linear lenticular optics with software tools such as Adobe Photoshop or the like, and this process works well on a linear lens as can be used in a relatively ongoing array of lenses. However, in a microchromic as used in the matrices described here (for example, lenses provided at more than 200 LPCs in either direction), the results using these conventional software tools or simply allowing the image to rip or Placement setter to make adjustments are unsatisfactory as there may be severe quality problems. These quality issues can arise because trying to match the resolution, while it may also work in some cases, often creates a corrupted file in which the image segments do not exactly stay in their channels relative to the lens array.
Again, this problem does not occur when using a thick lens array, but it is a problem that is addressed by using a large lens array as taught in this document because otherwise the image may get somewhat
<img file="MX359175B_D0026.tif" />
Fuzzy or printed image may not work at all to achieve desired 3D or motion effects due to rays in channel mix for the observer. Such results are often due to uneven sectors of the image and the
Interpolation of files in the process. When the files are examined microscopically after adjustments made by ripping or other traditional graphics programs are used, it can be seen that the Interleaved sectors are no longer uniform. Therefore, mixing images relative to lens focus (for example, one Image can be mixed with another Image (Image 2 is mixed with image 4 and so on), greatly reducing the quality of the image provided al or seen by the observer). Therefore, when considering this problem or challenge in the context of full-volume dual X-axis and Y-axis interleaving, the problem / challenge is significantly compounded and the output can be particularly messy, such as the image presented is not pleasant or even not understandable to an observer.
In some cases, the desired optical tilt may be within the target scale (such as within 3 percent of the target). In these cases, devices (such as Kodak's VMR (Variable Main Scan Resolution) or the like) can be used to wrap files to an exact number. However, since this process only works on one axis, it is not very useful for X axis and Y axis or Full volume interleave like
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described in this document. In order for the Images to work and be properly adjusted to Print the film in almost any condition, the Inventors recognized that the pitch must be fine-tuned using other techniques and tools so that the main output device can run at the parent resolution on both axes without adversely affecting the X and Y axis interleaved image integrity. The channels in both axes preferably remain precisely as provided in the file related to the optical inclination of the objective lens. Alternatively, the file can be scaled to the target number by collating the file on both axes to the nearest integer. Said scaling can be performed above or below the objective optical optical inclination which results in a DPI value greater or less than the target DPI. Through either manual or automated software, pixels can be added or subtracted from the entire archive image.
It was previously mentioned that the number of frames used in the combined image multiplied by the optical tilt must be equal to the exact resolution of the output device in both directions. This can be indicated as: NF x OP = DOR, where NF is the number of frames, OP is the optical tilt, and DOR is the device output resolution. A typical situation in this regard is that, despite the fact that the number of frames can be chosen, the number of frames has to be an integer.
In addition, the number of lenses per 2.54 centimeters can vary from
<img file="MX359175B_D0028.tif" />
time-to-time of the lens production batch and environmental conditions during printing. As a result, one option to make the above equation work correctly is to combine the images, choosing an integer number of frames and an optical tilt (even if it's not what you need) that is close enough to get the exact resolution of the device. departure. Then a correction can be made to the file so that the pitch is adjusted without changing the resolution.
Due to the complexity of this procedure, it may be useful to describe an illustrative (but not limiting) procedure of how these techniques can be successfully implemented to provide a printed image for use with a lens array of the present disclosure. For example, a 2400 DPI output device can be used to print a combined X-axis and Y-axis file, and the printed image is intended for use with a 240 LPC (mechanical) lens that has a 239.53 optical tilt. This means that it is desirable to combine 10 frames at 240 LPC to obtain the 2,400 DPI required for the assembly (for example, an anti-counterfeiting device). Thus, the challenge presented is how to adjust the 240 LPC interleaved image to 239.53 and modify the file size and lose the Pixel Integrity or change the resolution.
To make this adjustment, it may be useful to expand the file size such as 0.196% (i.e. 240.0 divided by
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239.53) while also maintaining the same ~ tamaTTO ~ TtenTíx'eT ~~ For this purpose, a calculated number of pixel columns that are at precise positions can be inserted across the width of the file. In this particular example, if the file is 2.54 cm wide, the file has a total of 2400 pixels. Following this additional example, you would need to insert 5 (4.7 rounded to 5) pixels to decrease the interleaved LPC count while maintaining the same resolution or pixel size. A software routine (or smart algorithm) can be implemented in a computer system (for example, Software or code stored in memory may be run by a processor computer to cause the computer to perform the functions described in an image file stored in memory or accessible by the processor / computer acting to choose the correct places to add or clone pixels or Extract the required number of pixel columns without distorting the images.
Figure 10 provides a collateral comparison 1000 showing an image 1010 provided by an original combination (or dual axis) from an original combination print file and an image 1020 provided by the same print file after adjustment. The adjustment, in this example, was a 0.7% magnification through Adobe Photoshop. Comparison image 1000 shows how a simple tilt adjustment can ruin pixel integrity using a simple single axis or other traditional size adjustment technique. How will it be understood
INSTITUTO MEXICANO DF LA PROREDAfj INNOUSTtl Starting from Figure 10, the 1020 image after adjustment is no longer original and the focus of the lenses of any matrix will probably generate a blurred image or an image that simply does not contain the focused or desired visual effects ( such as two-way 3D or motion). Adjustment involving magnification using an axis or automatic adjustment through tear acts to mix the images visible by an observer in an inconsistent way.
For example, observer beam mixing occurs when the images in the matrices described above are reproduced or adjusted using Adobe Photoshop or other automated processes. This is because the pixels are no longer uniform on both axes. Therefore, the circular or square base lens matrix lenses are focused on inconsistent numbers and the rays are mixed with the observers. Instead of the observer receiving all the numbers "3", the observer may receive information under the numbers "1" and "4" or the like at the same time. The displayed image observation result is of poor quality. Pixel height and width is no longer the exact exact height and width required to achieve a good result as each pixel may vary in the printed image. The result is that the lenses focus on different images (rather than the specific desired pixels), and the image is no longer original and, in many cases, can no longer be observed.
Figures 11 and 12 show two useful illustrative assemblies
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<img file="MX359175B_D0030.tif" />
as anti-counterfeiting devices for mofWCrd 'and ΰliliIIditíb that<sup>1 </sup>they are configured with a printed image and lens matrix to provide different motion effects. Particularly, the diagram sets 1100 and 1200 of Figures 11 and 12 are useful for showing how the round, hexagonal, parallelogram or square base lens arrays when combined with a printed image with interleaving / dual axis combination described above they can be effectively used to provide selected motion effects. Due in part to complex interleaving processes, the assemblies shown in Figures 11 and 12 are particularly useful as anti-counterfeiting devices (which can be applied to currency, product labels, and other objects / items) as they are very difficult to reproduce.
In diagrams 1100 of Figure 11, a flat or orthogonal view 1110 of a lens / image assembly according to the present disclosure is shown. The observer is able to observe or view an original image with two rows of two different icons with the icons all being stationary or not mobile. In diagram or view 1120, the assembly is tilted or angled to the right (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame matrix (a set of different points of view (POV) of the original Image shown in view 1110 such as matrix similar to that shown in Figure 7) is configured to cause rows of different icons to move in
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3g industrial ~ opposite directions. For example, the rows with icons ~ <T¡3 ~ canadian move to the right while company logos / icons move to the left. In contrast, in diagram or view 1122, the assembly is tilted or angled to the left (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame die is being configured to cause the rows of different icons again move in opposite directions. For example, rows of padlock icons can move to the left while company logos / icons concurrently move to the right. In other words, the printed image is adapted to provide animation of the original image when the lens / printed image (or ink layer) is viewed from different angles or points of view (for example, the assembly device or anti-counterfeiting shown in view 1110 is pivoted about a first vertical axis).
Significantly, assembling a lens matrix with an ink layer that provides a dual axis interleaved image provides animation or movement in more than one direction.
In an 1124 diagram or view, the assembly is tilted or angled upward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like when rotating about a second horizontal axis of the assembly), and interleaving the die of frames (a group of different points of view (POV) of the original image shown in view 1110 such as a matrix similar to that shown in the
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<img file="MX359175B_D0031.tif" />
Figure 7) is configured to cause rows of different icons to move in an individual direction (for example, all moving up). In contrast, in diagram or view 1126, the diagram is tilted or angled upward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like about a horizontal axis of the assembly), and interleaving the matrix of frames is configured to cause rows of different icons to move in one direction (for example, two moving down). In other words, the printed image is trapped to provide animation of the original image when the lens / printed image (or ink layer) is viewed from different angles or points of view (for example, the anti-counterfeiting assembly or device in view 1110 is pivoted about a second or horizontal axis).
In the diagrams or views 1200 of Figure 12, a flat or orthogonal view 1210 of a lens / image assembly in accordance with the present disclosure is shown. The observer is able to observe or view an original image with rows of two different icons with the icons all being stationary or not mobile. In diagram or view 1220, the assembly is tilted or angled to the right (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame matrix (a set of different points of view (POV) of the original image shown in view 1210 such as a matrix similar to that shown in the
Figure 7) is configured to cause rows of different
<img file="MX359175B_D0032.tif" />
icons move in an individual direction (rather than opposite directions as shown at 1120 in Figure 11). For example, rows with padlock icons and company logos / icons will all move down when the assembly (or anti-counterfeiting device) is tilted to the right. In contrast, in diagram or view 1222, the assembly is tilted or angled to the left (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame array is configured to cause the rows of different icons again move in an individual direction such as up. In the embodiment shown in Figure 12, the printed image is adapted to provide animation to the original image when the lens / printed image (or ink layer) is viewed from different angles or points of view (for example, the assembly or device against counterfeiting shown in view 1210 is pivoted about a first vertical axis). The animation as shown can be one in a direction that transverse relative to the directions of rotation.
Significantly, as discussed in relation to Figure 11, the assembly of a matrix of lenses with an ink layer that provides a dual axis interleaved image provides animation or movement in more than one direction. In diagram or view 1224, the assembly is tilted or angled upward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like when rotating about a second horizontal axis of the assembly), and the
<img file="MX359175B_D0033.tif" />
Interleaving of the frame matrix (a set of different views (POV) of the original image shown in view 1210 such as a matrix similar to that shown in Figure 7) is configured to cause the rows of different Icons to move in individual direction but that one that differs from that found during left or right tilt (for example, all move or move to the right). In contrast, in diagram or view 1226, the assembly is tilted or angled downward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like around a horizontal axis of the assembly), and interspersed with the matrix of frames is configured to cause rows of different icons to move or scroll in an individual direction again (for example, all moving to the left). In other words, the Printed Image is adapted to provide animation of the original Image when the printed lens / image (or ink layer) is viewed from different angles or points of view (for example, the anti-counterfeiting assembly or device shown in view 1210 is pivoted about a second or horizontal axis).
Figure 13 illustrates a set of Images or views 1300 of another printed image / lens assembly (ink layer) as seen by an observer in different positions or with the assembly tilted or moved to change the angle of observation for the observer. The assembly may take the form of a round, hexagonal base micro-lens arrangement,
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In Figure 12, the image or view 1310 shows a direct or orthogonal view of the counterfeit assembly or device 1300, and the image is a company logo in this example. The image or view 1320 is visible to an observer when the assembly is tilted upward as shown by arrow 1321 (the flat assembly is rotated upward about a horizontal or first axis of the assembly). As shown, view / image 1320 displays additional information relative to the original image seen in view 1310 such as the underside of the logo or object that has been the subject of the embedded image file. Another image or view 1322 is visible to an observer when the assembly is rotated or tilted to the right as shown by arrow 1323 (the flat assembly is rotated or tilted around a vertical axis (for example, a second orthogonal axis or at least transverse to the first axis of the assembly)). More information or images
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It is visible in view 1322 such as the Left side or the logo or other object that was the subject of the Interleaved Image file.
Furthermore, another view or image 1324 is observed when the assembly is rotated or tilted downward 1325 (rotated about a horizontal axis or first), and, in this view 1324, the Information observed in the other views is presented as the side top or logo or other object from which images were formed. View or Image 1326 provides more information or portions of the target object such as the right side of the logo / target object, and view 1326 is visible when the assembly is rotated or tilted 1327 about a vertical axis or the second axis of the assembly.
Figure 14 illustrates a view / image set 1400 of another embodiment or implementation of a printed image / lens assembly (or anti-counterfeiting device) 1410. As shown in the displayed views / images 1412, the assembly 1410 (a micro-lens array as described herein placed on a dual-axis interleaving of a corresponding frame array or different images of a scene / object from different points of view view) is observed from a point of view that is normal or orthogonal to a front surface 1411 of assembly 1410. In some embodiments, the front surface 1411 is provided by the outer surfaces of a round, hexagonal, parallelogram, or square base matrix of lenses. As shown, the observer can observe a background that contains a static wallpaper pattern (of icons and padlocks). The icons / components of
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View 1416 is useful for showing a presentation provided by the interleaved image of assembly 1410 when the assembly is tilted at a surface angle (tilted or rotated slightly to the left about a vertical axis). When tilted at a surface angle (for example, up to about 15 degrees or the like), the overlay pattern is only visible in black over the area of the film or front surface 1411 of assembly 1410 that is closest to the viewer. The printed image may be configured such that tilting slightly (for example, less than about 15 degrees) in any lateral direction (up, down, left, or right or rotating the 1410 assembly around the vertical or horizontal axis) causes the overlay pattern gradually becomes visible (they appear in this example). The pattern is an “overlay” that appears at the top or covering over the icons or wallpaper pattern in the film plane (or exterior surface 1411 of assembly 1410).
At shallow angles, the overlay is first visible in
<img file="MX359175B_D0035.tif" />
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OF THE PROPERTY <sub>TO</sub>n INDUSTRIAL the portion of the film or 1410 assembly closest to the observer. When the 1410 assembly is tilted past the observer (such as at angles of about 30 to 45 degrees or more), more and more of the overlay pattern gradually becomes visible until the entire overlay pattern is visible when the 1410 assembly is viewed through surface 1411 at a more predefined angle (eg, 45 to 60 degree angle, relative to normal view 1412). This can be seen in extreme angle view 1414 of Figure 14 where assembly 1410 is rotated about a vertical axis (eg, clockwise) more than about 60 degrees. In view 1414, the overlay pattern is fully visible on the wallpaper pattern in the icons (logos and padlocks in this example) on the entire surface 1411 of the 1410 assembly / film.
Figure 15 illustrates an assembly 1510 of another embodiment of the present disclosure. The 1510 assembly can be configured to be used as an anti-counterfeiting device or label with an ink-coated body / substrate that provides a dual-axis Interleaved Printed Image of a matrix of different PVO frames as discussed here, and a matrix of round, hexagonal, parallelogram or square base lenses for observation of the printed image. For example, the 1510 assembly may be a label (eg, a 5.08 by 2.54 cm or other size label) that may be Printed on a band on 2857 cm centers or the like during manufacture. The assembly «* <! ~ B * rar ai
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1510 it includes a front or top surface 1512 (eg, a grade lens matrix formed of transparent or at least translucent plastic or the like) through which an interleaved image can be observed as it is observed. The printed image may include a vacuum or blank space as shown in the white (or other color) box 1513, which can be used to print (eg flexo) barcodes and / or human-readable text, which may be added offline or in post-processing (for example, via thermal transfer printing).
The 1510 assembly / label has a printed image that has been specifically designed to provide a number of images and effects to be more difficult to produce and to allow an observer to easily verify its authenticity. For example, the printed image has a gray background 1516 (for example, which can be printed on the subsurface (for example, flexo)) on which icons or symbols 1514, 1517 (in color and / or black) can be printed or placed on layers. Symbol 1517 can take the form of a boundary (eg a circle) in which a second symbol or text such as text (eg "accept" or "OK") is provided which must be completely within the boundary to display the 1510 label that is not a forgery or is authentic.
The printed interleaved image may also include devices / components to additionally allow an observer to check the authenticity of the 1510 label. For example,
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INDUSTRIAL A magnifying glass image 1520 may be incorporated into printing plates used to manufacture the 1510 assembly / label and appear on the plane of the film or surface 1512. One or more of the icons / symbols 1523, 1525 may be provided within the 1520 image. such as under the glass of the Image 1520 magnifying glass. The printed image can then be configured such that when an observer looks through the lens area of image 1520, icons 1523 appear black and icons 1525 appear blue, which may be a different color than these icons
1514, 1517 in the rest of the label 1510 (for example, invert the color of these icons when best seen in the 1520 lens image). Also icons 1523 and 1525 under magnifying glass image 1520 may appear somewhat larger in size than the corresponding wallpaper / background versions of these icons
1514, 1517.
The 1530 wallpaper icons may be designed to move in opposite (or the same) directions when the 1510 assembly is tilted around a first axis (for example, the assembly / label rotates / tilts left or right) while it moves in the same (or opposite) directions when the 1510 assembly is tilted about a second axis (for example, the assembly / label is rotated / tilted up or down). In contrast to some modalities of the 1510 tag, the corresponding icons / signs 1523, 1525 under the magnifying glass image 1520 may be designed to move differently than
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<img file="MX359175B_D0037.tif" />
those 1530 who are not under the magnifying glass. For example, icons 1523, 1525 can move together in an individual direction under the image of lens 1520 while icons 1530, as shown by arrows 1531, move in opposite directions when assembly 1510 is rotated / tilted around a particular axis.
The image printed under the assembly lens array 1510 may further include an additional element (eg, a boxed / rimmed display) 1540 to enhance security (or limit additional counterfeiting efforts). Element 1540 may include a border 1549, which may be formed from a pattern that is difficult to reproduce such as a 0.15-mm (or other size) micro text border containing one or more intentional misspellings (for example, the edge appears body to the naked eye to an observer but words with misspellings are evident under a microscope). In the normal view as shown in Figure 15, a first image 1541 is displayed but, as shown in the exploded view, a second image 1542 is displayed on element 1540 when assembly 1510 is rotated 1543 around a first axis (for example, rotated right or left about a vertical axis of the 1510 assembly). To further enhance security, a third image 1544 may be displayed on element 1540 when assembly 1510 is rotated, 1545 is rotated in another direction (eg, rotated up or down about a horizontal axis of assembly 1510).
Figure 16 illustrates a 1600 system adapted for use in
<img file="MX359175B_D0038.tif" />
the manufacture of an assembly such as an anti-counterfeiting device as described herein. The 1600 system includes a 1610 imaging station with a 1612 processor to execute code or software programs to perform particular functions. The 1610 workstation can take the form of almost any computer device with the 1612 processor acting to manage the operation of input and output devices 1614 such as devices to allow an operator of the 1610 station to view and enter useful data by the 1620 Imaging Assignment and Training module to create a 1648 Print file communicated as shown in 1675 to a 1680 Print driver. The 1612 CPU also handles the 1630 memory accessible by the 1620 Imaging and Mapping module.
The 1620 Imaging and Mapping module performs useful functions by performing the functions and processes described herein such as generating 1640 frame sets from an original 1632 image, creating a 1646 frame matrix of these 1640 Image sets, and producing a directional bitmap or 1648 print file (that is, Print file using pixel mapping) from the 1646 frame matrix. For example, 1630 memory can be used to store an original 1632 Image that can Include a 1634 background as well as one or more 1636 icons / symbols that can be provided as wallpaper (for example, these elements can be layered on the 1634 background) .
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<img file="MX359175B_D0039.tif" />
Module 1620 can act to generate a number of sets of frames 1640 from the original image 1632, and each of the sets 1640 can include two to ten or more frames from different points of view of the original image (for example, see the frame sets shown in Figure 7 that provide different POV frames along two axes (X / Y axis frames / images of a base or original 1632 image)). Module 1620 can generate a frame array 1646 as discussed above to properly plot pixels to provide proper X and Y axis that is interspersed with or without a moving effect. Starting with the 1648 matrix, a bi-directional pixel map or 1648 print file is generated by combining the rows and columns of the 1646 matrix with proper sequencing (with all 3D Information and / or movement in both directions such as squares with the data from the matrix
1646 instead of strips).
The mapping and imaging module 1620 can generate print file 1648 based on a variety of mapping / mapping parameters 1650. For example, the 1652 lens array design information including whether the lenses are round, Hex, Parallelogram, or Square, Optical Tilt 1654, and LPC 1656 values can be taken as input by module 1620 to create print file 1648. Also, the 1670 device output resolution can be used by a 1620 to create the 1648 Print file as
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INDUSTRIAL as to set the frame numbers in sets 1640 or the like. The 1650 parameters can also include 1660 motion parameters to define how to animate the original image by tilting / rotating an assembly such as setting the direction of movement of the icons / symbols and how fast the movement occurs (how much rotation is needed to achieve a particular motion effect and so on). The 1650 parameters can also include 1666 color parameters such as whether the icons / symbols change colors by rotating an assembly with a printed image from the 1648 file and what colors should be in the rendered image.
Once a 1648 print file is created, the 1610 imaging workstation can communicate (in a wired or wireless form such as over a digital communication network) this 1648 file to a 1680 print controller. (for example, another computing or computing device). The 1682 print driver can use this 1648 print file to fabricate a 1682 emboss or build plate, which can then be used to etch a surface such as the flat / back side of a 1684 fabrication lens array. This etched surface can then be filled with one or more ink coatings / layers to form a Printed Image on a printed image assembly / lens matrix (eg, an anti-counterfeiting device).
The 1680 driver can also use the print file
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<img file="MX359175B_D0040.tif" />
1648 to provide a digital file T6 7 0 áHurTá ”! digital, color 1674 m pr esTfr for printing the dual-axis interleaved image on a surface such as the flat back side of a lens die or on one side of a piece of paper money or a product label on the which is to be subsequently applied a lens matrix to provide a coin / tag anti-counterfeiting device.
At this point, it may be useful to describe useful techniques for performing adjustment that can be performed (at least in part) by a software module / program such as the mapping and imaging module 1620 of Figure 16. Figure 17 illustrates with a flowchart a 1700 pixel fitting method in accordance with the present disclosure. The 1700 method includes in 1710 performing a print test (for example, with components 1680 to 1684 of Figure 16) to determine the optical tilt, on the X-axis and also on the Y-axis, of a lens array, which as discussed above, may vary in design. In 1720, a target visual tilt is selected for a desired or input viewing distance (again, on the X and Y axes). For example, as shown in 1730, method 1700 may involve setting the target tilt to 416.88 for the X axis and 384.47 for the Y axis.
The 1700 method continues in 1740 with interleaving of the X and Y axes on the pixel map. This typically involves mapping the closest device output to the desired target tilt.
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INDUSTRIAL (eg, exit 400 is near the set of slopes in step 1730). In step 1750, method 1700 includes calculating the difference between the device output and the target optical tilt. In this example, the difference on the X axis is + 4.22% (i.e. Target Tilt of 416.88 divided by the device output of 400) and the difference on the Y axis is -3.9% (for example, Target Tilt of 384.47 divided between device output 400).
At step 1760, the imaging / software module assigns to remove pixels based on the differences determined in step 1750. In this example, the module can remove 4.22% of the pixels by specifically targeting information areas low on the X axis. The module can also add 3.9% pixels on the Y axis. The step
1770 Method 1700 also explains this procedure with the module that acts to identify pixels with less information for removal (for example, uniformly on the X axis in this example) while adding pixels can be done by mixing pixels (for example, nearby pixels) (for example, blend pixels are added on the Y axis). In 1780, the plates are shipped based on the modified print file to provide the pixel fit. In this operational example, the printing plates can be shipped at 4800 pixels on the X axis and 4800 pixels on the Y axis. In 1790, it is observed that procedure 1700 retains the integrity of the displayed image without blurring, by
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<img file="MX359175B_D0041.tif" />
example, due to re-resolution of original pixels.
Figure 18 is useful in further explaining the procedure of providing dual axis interleaving for a lens array of the present disclosure. A small lens array or 1810 lens is shown in a top plan view that includes four lenses 1812, 1814, 1816, and 1818 (with a typical array view having many more lenses). As shown in 1815, lenses 1812, 1814, 1816, and 1818 are round base lenses in this non-limiting example. Under the lens matrix 1810, a dual axis printed image (or ink layer with a printed image) can be provided with each of the boxes 1813 in the figure that is used to represent a pixel. Furthermore, each of these 1813 "pixels" can be considered as a focus point of the lens.
The printed image provided in pixels 1813 can be combined with lens matrix 1810 which provides a display device that can be used to provide full 3D images as well as multi-directional motion. For example, each lens 1812, 1814, 1816, 1818 can be used to present a looped image. To this end, the diagonal sets of 1830 pixels shown as shaded can be used to provide a 45 degree tilt loop sweep with the horizontal and vertical sets of 1820 pixels displayed with "stars" can be used to provide a collateral image loop and from top to bottom.
<img file="MX359175B_D0042.tif" />
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<img file="MX359175B_D0043.tif" />
With this in mind, the 1850 graph is' ♦ I pin ilil'üui oomp. A 7-pixel-by-7-pixel arrangement provided under each lens 1812, 1814, 1816, and 1818 can be printed with Dual Axis Merged / Interleaved Images to provide these effects. In this example, four frames on the X axis are combined with four frames on the Y axis (for example, "X = 3" refers to a particular frame in the group of four frames along the X axis). An imaging and mapping module (such as module 1620) can be used to select the appropriate frames to generate such a matrix and / or Print map, and a Print file can be generated from this map to be used to print the Images. Dual axis collated at each pixel as shown in the 1850 graph to provide the visual effects described with pixels 1820, 1830.
Figures 19-21 are graphs 1900, 2000, and 2100 showing beam mapping for assemblies of the present disclosure, for example, for a lens array combined with a dual axis Interleaved Image. In particular, Figure 19 illustrates a 1900 graph of a 1920 ray mapping using a 1910 assembly (eg, an anti-counterfeiting device) configured as described herein. As shown, the 1910 assembly includes a 1914 round base lens 1912 lens array overlapping a 1916 Impression tlnta / image layer that includes a number of 1918 interleaves (7 images are interleaved using dual-axis interleaving).
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<img file="MX359175B_D0044.tif" />
Graph 1900 shows 1920 rays traced! Idealized Lenticular Interleaved Oras 1918 in Printed image / 1916 ink layer. The order of the interleaves was changed so that the image viewer is appropriately interleaved. In this example, the radius of each 1914 lens was 0.03mm, the 1914 lenses were supplied at 408 LPC, the 1914 lenses were 0.7mm thick, and the refractive index was assumed to be 1.49. To clarify, only width 0 interleaves were represented with seven 1918 interleaves for sets of two 1914 lenses. Plots were made over a range of +30 degrees to -30 degrees with 5-degree steps showing the region of the nearby lenticule.
Graph 2000 is a filled ray trace showing a larger overview of Graph 1900 in Figure 19. Interleaves for Graph 2000 were taken to be 0.5 mm wide with seven Interleaves provided by set of two lenses. Five steps were plotted by interleaving, the range was +30 degrees to -30 degrees using one degree steps. The Interleaving sequence was 6, 4, 2, 3, 7, 5, and 1. Graph 2100 is a trace made with a sequence or normal of the interleaves (for example,
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) for a 0.03mm radius lens, lenses provided at 408 LPC, a 0.7mm lens thickness, and a refractive index of 1.49. The width of the lens taken was 0.5 mm, and there were seven Interleaves provided for the lens assembly. Five rungs were traced through each lens again in a range of +30 degrees to -30 degrees with one degree rungs. In
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<img file="MX359175B_D0045.tif" />
In summary, the graphs 1900, 2000, and 2100 show coding that is performed by having multiple interspersed by multiple lenticules and the change in distribution to the observer by changing the interleaving sequence.
In discussing the use of the lens matrices of the present invention with dual axis interleaved print images, it is useful to generate ray traces and dot diagrams to review a planned matrix / image design. In this regard, Figure 22 is a graph 2200 of an off-axis beam mapping while Figure 23 is a corresponding point diagram 2300 that can be generated to analyze a planned array / image design. In addition, Figures 24 and 25 are additional graphs or tip diagrams 2400 and 2500 for a round base lens (or spherical lens), while Figure 26 is a 2600 graph of a ray assignment for the lens associated with the graphs of Figures 24 and 25. The lens radius for these last three figures is five units and the focal plane was approximately 10 units (for example, the units may be any unit such as millimeters).
Although the invention has been described and illustrated with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the description has been prepared solely by way of example, and that numerous changes in the combination and arrangement of parts can be reclassified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as claimed here in
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<img file="MX359175B_D0046.tif" />
successive.
The disclosure teaches a display assembly (eg, an anti-counterfeiting device) that includes a matrix of round or square lenses combined with an ink layer with a printed image / pattern. The lens matrices are round, hexagonal, parallelogram, or formed nested square lenses arranged as shown in the accompanying Figures. The Printed image / pattern provided in the ink layer (or layer) is aligned with the lens matrices (for example, with the X and Y axes of the printed image), and the printed image / pattern is formed of vertical pixels and horizontally plotted (for example, printed using a print file that defines double-axis interleaving (or two-axis interleaving) of frames in a matrix as discussed here). Pixels can be of any type and are often adapted to match the output device with the observer's optical tilt on two axes. Lens arrays can be provided at 200 or more LPCs in both directions to provide 4,000 or more lenses per square centimeter. The focal lengths of lenses can vary, for some matrices that have been implemented that have focal lengths of less than about 25.4 / 2540 cm for round and square base lenses.
Printing the Dual Axis Interleaved Image for use with a lens array can be done using one or more colors using the pixel mapping provided in a file
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<img file="MX359175B_D0047.tif" />
general impression. In some cases, diffraction techniques are used to create color in the wavelength separation, either intentionally or accidentally, within the image sandwiched in a round-base lens matrix. Particularly, the printing step involves printing an X and Y pixel image file, or pixel map to produce a build plate or digital image, either of which can be used to provide an ink layer with an image. / printed pattern that is useful in combination with round and square base lenses as they were nested in an array as described here (for example, printing of the back or flat surface of the lens material to provide the X and Y axis pixel plotted images). In other cases, an engraving plate is produced to be used to engrave the back of the lens material (lens matrix). The etched back surface is then ink-filled or metallized for use in holography in combination with a round or square base lens matrix. In some cases, though, printing may also occur on the front or contoured surface of the lens matrix. For example, printing may involve printing features, colors, or images directly on top of the lenses (i.e. the non-flat side of the lens matrix) in combination within the print on the back or flat side of the lenses using interleaved images.
A number of unique visual or presentation effects can be achieved with the printed image viewed through the
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<img file="MX359175B_D0048.tif" />
lens matrices of the present description. For example, X and Y axis image mapping can be done so that a matrix with repeating icon wallpaper (for example, company logos and padlocks in the illustrative figures) scroll or move across the substrate in opposite directions to each other when the substrate (or anti-counterfeiting device assembly) is tilted left and right (rotated approximately, a vertical axis first) and in the same direction when the substrate is tilted up and down (rotated about a horizontal or second axis transverse to the first axis). This effect can be called "Continuous Movement In Opposite Directions".
In other cases, image mapping is done so that a matrix with repeating icon wallpaper moves or slides down across the surface of the assembly / device against counterfeiting when the assembly / device is tilted to the left and right (all icons move in the same direction) and left and right when the assembly / device is tilted up and down (again, all icons move in the same direction) (for example, left tilt causes all icons to scroll or move up, right tilt causes all icons to scroll down, up tilt causes all icons to move icons scroll to the right, and tilting down causes all icons to scroll to the right.
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<img file="MX359175B_D0049.tif" />
left). This effect can be labeled "Continuous Motion in Orthogonal Directions".
Image mapping of X-axis and Y-axis pixels can be done such that when a volumetric icon or similar image or company logo or symbol has five visible sides (for example, a top side, a bottom side, a side left, one right side, and one face or front side). These five sides are visible in three dimensions, with depth evident in full parallax, when the assembly / device is tilted or rotated in different directions (orthogonal / normal view, left tilt, right tilt, up tilt, and down tilt or a position between them). The 3D logo / symbol / icon face may be a different color to the sides to create a more noticeable 3D effect, and this effect may be referred to as "Full Volume 3D".
Another effect that can be achieved through X-axis and Y-axis image mapping described here is to provide icon wallpaper with another overlay pattern. So the overlay pattern can be provided in the print file and result in printed image so that it is hidden from view when the assembly is viewed from certain POVs (such as a normal POV) but gradually becomes more and more visible ( on the plane of the film and wallpaper pattern) on top of the wallpaper icons / symbol / logos (such as when moving at 30-60 degree angles or the like from normal). Further,
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<img file="MX359175B_D0050.tif" />
The entire printed image is not required to provide an individual effect. Instead, different areas or portions of the printed image can be used to provide different visual effects (for example, any of the effects described here).
Various means are available to implement the systems and methods discussed in this specification. These means include, but are not limited to, digital computer systems, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), general-purpose computers, programmable controllers, and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), all of which may be indicated. usually here as "processors". For example, in one embodiment, signal processing by an FPGA or ASIC may be incorporated, or alternatively it may be a discrete or embedded processor. Therefore, other modalities include program instructions residing on computer-readable media that when implemented by such means allow them to implement various modalities. Computer readable media includes any form of a non-transient physical computer memory device.
Examples of such a physical computer memory device include, but are not limited to, punch cards, magnetic disks or tapes, optical data storage systems, read-only flash (ROM) memory, non-volatile ROM, programmable ROM (PROM) , Erasable Programmable ROM (E-PROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or any other form of
<img file="MX359175B_D0051.tif" />
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF LA MONEDAD g- | INDUSTRIAL memo storage system or device rTa ^ pT5TTi ia 11 in hs ·; - semi-permanent, or temporary. Program Instructions include, but are not limited to, computer-executable instructions executed by computer system processors and hardware description languages such as Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) (VHSIC).
While Figures 11-15 illustrate a number of the effects that can be achieved by the pixel mapping techniques described here in combination with micro-lens arrays, it may be useful at this time to discuss these unique effects in more detail. Pixel mapping (or Dual-axis Interleaving) enables a print file to be generated with a plurality of pixels each generated for the specific purpose of enabling an effect to be triggered on one of two axes. In other words, 2-axis activation requires or is at least enhanced by pixel mapping as taught here. The effects that can be achieved (including those shown in Figures 11-15) can be considered as the same set of effects achieved on a single axis using lenticular lenses and image interleaving in one direction. These effects, however, can now be provided one (or two, three or more) at one hour in each direction with the use of pixel mapping, and anti-counterfeiting devices can use any combination of these effects (with one provided in each direction in many cases). The effects
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<img file="MX359175B_D0052.tif" />
They include 3D, motion, panning (changing an image between - modified image), animation, on / off (making a picture appear and disappear with rotation around an axis or with activation), zoom, morph (like a turn but you can see the transition to the new image), and color change (color change as part of activation).
As a first example, a printed image assembly and lens matrix can be designed and manufactured to provide 3D on one axis (such as on the X axis) and to provide a trigger effect on the second transverse axis (such as (for example, orthogonal) for the first axis (such as providing activation on the Y axis). 3D can be provided on a first axis of the assembly with patterns or elements in different layers (such as having a foreground image on one or more background images). Then, the activation of additional effects can be provided on the second axis, such as: (a) movement (for example, moving elements or displacement in the frame; (b) rotation (for example, an image To change to Image B for rotation of 2 images or more than two images can be used to provide more rotation) (c) animation (for example, a sequence of frames can be used to describe or define the animation of Images); (d) on / off (for example, one or more elements can be provided in the frames that appear or disappear depending on the viewing angle; (e) zoom (for example, one or more elements that
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enlarge or reduce the size of a displayed image can be provided depending on the viewing angle); (f) morph (for example, the effect may be like a turn from image A to image B but with the transition between frames including between final images, so the viewer may see the transformation from image A to image B); and (g) color change (for example, one or more elements can change color with activation that can be activated by rotating the assembly through multiple viewing angles or POVs).
With these combinations in mind, Figure 27 illustrates a set of views 2700 an illustrative assembly viewed from different POVs, the assembly being useful as an anti-counterfeiting device for coin or other objects that are configured with a printed image and lens matrix to provide different movement effects (double axis activation). In the diagrams or views 2700 of Figure 27, a flat or orthogonal view 2710 of a lens / image assembly in accordance with the present disclosure is shown. The observer is able to observe or view an original image with rows of two different 2712 icons with the 2712 icons all fixed or motionless. Also, the original image includes an overlay image or foreground image 2714A (shown here as a check mark) that appears to be on a different layer than the icon rows 2712. Therefore, the assembly is tailored to offer a 3D effect. In the figures, two rows of icons are shown, but it will be understood that this was done
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<img file="MX359175B_D0054.tif" />
for ease of explanation only and not as a limitation. With rows of two icons understood and how they can be used to provide security for activation on two axes, it will be understood that each row can include two or more different icons (instead of a single cone per row) and the rows of a third, A fourth or more different icons can be included in the assembly as desired to achieve a displayed image.
In diagram or view 2720, the assembly tilts or angles to the right (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame array (a set of different points (POV) view of the original image shown in view 2710 (for example, a matrix similar to the one shown in Figure 7 is used in pixel mapping) is configured to produce icon rows different
2712 to move in opposite directions. For example, rows with padlock icons and / or 2712 logos move to the left and right when the assembly (or anti-counterfeit device) is tilted to the right. In contrast, in diagram or view 1222, the assembly is tilted or angled to the left (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the Frame Matrix Interleave is configured to make the rows of different icons again move in different directions from each other and in the opposite direction as in view 2720 (cones 2712 that moved to the right now move to the Left and vice versa).
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<img file="MX359175B_D0055.tif" />
In the embodiment shown in Figure 27, the printed image is adapted to provide animation of the original image when the lens / printed image (or ink layer) is viewed from different angles or points of view (for example, the assembly or device against counterfeiting shown in view 2710 is pivoted on a first or vertical axis). The animation as shown can be in a direction that is parallel to the pivot directions. However, the print file is configured so that some images such as foreground image or another layer 2714 remain in the same relative position, and this background movement or other layer icons (since these icons moving 2712 could be foreground images and the symbol / icon 2714 can be provided in the background layer) enhances or even provides the 3D effect of the assembly.
Also, the 3D effect can be combined with other effects when the assembly is activated on another or the second of two orthogonal axes. As shown, assembling an ink-coated lens array featuring a dual-axis interleaved image provides animation and a 3D effect in one direction or when activated along an axis and rotating (or shifting morphological) in a second direction or when activated along a second axis. In diagram or view 2724, the assembly tilts or angles upward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like, rotating about a second or horizontal axis of the assembly), and the interleaving of the frame matrix (a
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<img file="MX359175B_D0056.tif" />
set of different views (POV) of the original image shown in view 2710 (for example, a matrix similar to what is shown in Figure 7) is configured to cause the icons 2712 to remain the same or remain unchanged while the symbol / icon 2714 on the other layer (foreground image) rotates (or transforms) to a different image 2714B (in this case, a check mark is inverted into a star).
Similarly, in diagram or view 2726, the assembly tilts or angles downward (eg, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like with respect to a horizontal axis of the assembly), and the frame matrix interleaving is configured to make the icon rows 2712 remain stationary while the foreground area or other layer symbol / icon 2714A rotates (or transforms) into a different image 2714B (here the same image that when the assembly tilts up). In other words, the printed image is adapted to provide an image inversion when the assembly is rotated about a second axis (such as around the horizontal or X axis). The inversion is shown in Figure 27 for the supplied effect when activated in the second direction, but the effect can also be morphological changes, on / off, movement, animation, zoom or color change.
To illustrate the many possible combinations, Figure 28 illustrates a set of views 2800 of an illustrative assembly viewed from different POVs, the assembly being very useful as a
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<img file="MX359175B_D0057.tif" />
counterfeit counterfeit device or other objects that are configured with a lens matrix and Printed Image to provide different movement effects (dual axis activation). In the diagrams or views 2800 of Figure 28, a flat or orthogonal view 2810 of a lens / imager assembly in accordance with the present disclosure is shown, and the assembly is configured to provide 3D from all points of view (for example, floating and / or depth) together with the same or different Image elements that have Y axis or X axis activation (to have movement, to invert, to transform, or another of the achievable effects with Image frames interleaving). The observer is able to observe or view an original image with rows of two different 2812 cones with 2812 cones all being • stationary or motionless. Also, the original image includes first and second overlay images or foreground images 2814A and 2816A (shown here as the word OK and a tick symbol) that appear to be on a different layer than the icon rows 2812. Therefore, the assembly is adapted to offer a 3D effect.
In diagram or view 2820, the assembly is tilted or angled upwards (for example, by or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the Interleaving of the frame matrix (a set of different points of view ( POV) of the original image displayed in 2810 view (for example, a matrix similar to the one shown in Figure 7 is used in pixel mapping) is
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<img file="MX359175B_D0058.tif" />
configured so that different rows of cones 2812 occur to move in a single direction (for example, all cones move down or opposite the trigger direction). With this movement of the assembly (Tilt up), the foreground images 2814A and 2816A remain unchanged (eg, no inversion at this point). Moving the 2812 icons below (or above the top in some modes) the 2814A, 2816A symbols increases the 3D effect achieved with the assembly.
In contrast, in diagram or view 2822, the assembly tilts or angles downward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame array is configured to make the rows of different icons again move in a single direction (but this time upwards or opposite the activation direction). At the same time, however, a reversal effect is also triggered by the foreground symbol / icon 2814A flipping over an Image, as shown in 2814B (for example, from the word OK to the word Yes), while that the other symbol / icon 2816A remains unchanged in this example. From view 2822 to view 2820, flipping will reoccur as the symbol 2814B will change or flip to image 2814A (for example, flipping or reversing effect is triggered by rotation around the horizontal or X axis of the Assemble concurrently with the 2812 icon move effect (one-way in this non-limiting example).
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<img file="MX359175B_D0059.tif" />
Additionally, the 3D effect can be combined with other inversion effects when the assembly is activated on another or the second of two orthogonal axes. As shown, assembling an ink-layered lens array featuring a dual-axis interleaved image provides animation and a 3D effect in one direction or when activated along an axis and invert (or change from morphologically) in a second direction or when activated along a second axis. In diagram or view 2824, the assembly tilts or angles to the left (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like when rotating about a second or horizontal axis of the assembly), and the interleaving of the frame array (a set of different points of view (POV) of the original image displayed in view 2810, such as a matrix similar to that shown in Figure 7) is configured to cause icons 2812 to be placed in motion with icons 2812 moving in the same direction (again opposite the direction of activation and this is orthogonal to the directions of previous motion of views 2820 and 2822). Concurrently, the 2814A (or 2814B) symbol / icon on the other layer (foreground image) remains unchanged while the 2816A symbol / icon is not reversed but turns on to have a transform effect that changes as shown in 2816B to rotate it to a new position (for example, the mark in this example has a new orientation, which can also be considered an animation effect).
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<img file="MX359175B_D0060.tif" />
Similarly, in diagram or view 2826, the assembly tilts or angles to the right at the same time (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like around a horizontal axis of the assembly), and frame matrix interleaving is configured to make icon rows 2812 again have a movement effect (move in one direction only, as for example opposite the direction of activation) while the foreground layer symbol / icon 2816A or another 2816a is again transformed (or animated) to rotate in the image 2816B. In other words, the printed image is adapted to provide 3D with close-up images that can be inverted, transformed, or animated with activation, and such activation for purposes, for example, can be independent of others and background images. . In addition, the printed image provides simultaneous motion effects with background images, which are shown to be activated to move together in a single direction that is opposite to the activation direction. With the 2812 icons moving in the displayed directions, the result is a depth effect (eg 3D), the 2812 icons appear as pushed from 2814A-2816B symbols / icons in the foreground. This effect can also be combined with some layers that are pushed towards the front or out towards the observer.
To further illustrate the many possible combinations, Figure 29 illustrates a set of 2900 views of an assembly.
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<img file="MX359175B_D0061.tif" />
Illustrative seen from different POVs, the assembly being useful as a device against counterfeiting of coins or other objects that are configured with a lens matrix and Printed Image to provide different effects of movement (dual axis activation). In the diagrams or views 2900 of Figure 29, a flat or orthogonal view 2910 of a lens / imager assembly in accordance with the present disclosure is shown, and the assembly is configured to provide activation on a first axis (such as, for example, , the X axis) that achieves the orthogonal movement of the elements of the
Image combined with activation on a second axis (such as the Y axis) of the same or different Image elements. The observer is able to observe or view an original image with rows of two different 2912 icons with the 2912 icons all being stationary or motionless. Also, the original Image includes first and second Overlapping Images or Foreground Images 2914A and 2916A (as shown here as the word OK and a tick symbol) that appear to be on a different layer than the rows of cones 2912. So Therefore, the assembly is adapted to offer a 3D effect.
In diagram or view 2920, the assembly Tilts or angles to the right (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the Interleaving of the frame matrix (a set of different points of view (POV) of the original image shown in view 2910 (for example, a matrix similar to the one shown in Figure 7 is used in pixel mapping) is configured
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<img file="MX359175B_D0062.tif" />
so that rows of different icons 2912 are produced to move in a single direction (for example, all icons move downward or orthogonal to the trigger direction). With this movement of the assembly (Tilt to the right), the foreground images 2914A and 2916A remain unchanged (for example, without flipping at this point). Moving the 2912 icons below (or above the top in some modes) symbols 2914A, 2916A enhance the 3D effect achieved with the assembly.
In contrast, in diagram or view 2922, the assembly leans or angles to the left (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like), and the interleaving of the frame array is configured to do have the rows of different icons again move in a single direction (but this time upwards (which is opposite to the movement shown in view 2920) and orthogonal to the activation direction). At the same time, however, a reversal effect is also activated with the symbol / icon 2914A in the foreground flipping an image, as shown in 2914B (for example, from the word OK to the word Yes), while the other symbol / icon 2916A remains unchanged in this example. From view 2922 to view 2920, inversion will occur again as the symbol 2914B will change or invert image 2914A (for example, the inversion effect is triggered by rotation around the vertical or Y axis of the assembly concurrently with motion effect for icons 2912
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Additionally, the 3D effect can be combined with other inversion effects when the assembly is activated on another or the second of two orthogonal axes. As shown, assembling an ink-coated lens array featuring a dual-axis interleaved image provides animation and a 3D effect in one direction or when activated along an axis and invert (or morphologically change ) in a second direction or when activated along a second axis. In diagram or view 2924, the assembly tilts or angles upward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like, when rotating about a second or horizontal axis of the assembly), and the intercalation of the frame array (a set of different views (POV) of the original image is shown in view 2910 such as, for example, an array similar to what is shown in Figure 7) is configured to cause the 2912 icons to be moved with the 2912 icons moving in the same direction (again orthogonal to the trigger direction which may be to the right, as indicated in this example). At the same time, the icon cone / 2914A (or
2914B) on the other layer (foreground image) remains unchanged while the 2916A symbol / icon is inverted but is activated to have a transform effect that changes as shown in 2916B that will rotate to a new position (for example, the mark in this example has a new orientation, which can also be considered an animation effect).
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<img file="MX359175B_D0063.tif" />
Similarly, in diagram or view 2926, the insert * tilts or angles downward (for example, through or at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees or the like with respect to a horizontal axis of the assembly), and the intercalation of the frame array is configured to make the 2912 icon rows have a motion effect again (move in one direction only, like for example to the left and therefore to move orthogonal to the activation direction (or the vertical or Y axis of the assembly) while the symbol / icon 2916A in the foreground or another layer again is transform (or animates) so that rotate image 2916B.
Figure 30 illustrates another anti-counterfeiting 3010 assembly that can be used on devices or with coin or the like. Assembly 3010 can be formed with an upper or outer surface 3102, which can be provided with an array of lenses. Assembly 3010 may also include an ink layer (s) that provides a printed image, printed using a pixel-assigned print file as described herein to provide dual axis activation (or image effect activation, such as eg 3D, motion, or the like) on two axes. In particular, the printed image of the assembly 3010 is adapted to allow the display of a background image made of a plurality of smaller symbols / icons 3014 (such as, for example, the markings shown in Figure 30). The printed image of the 3010 assembly is also adapted to allow visualization (using the lens matrix /
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<img file="MX359175B_D0064.tif" />
front surface 3012) of a foreground image made of one or more symbols / icons (which are typically larger than the background image elements 3014).
In some implementations of assembly 3010, the printed image 5 is pixel assigned to the lens array in a way that full 3D is provided in all directions, providing the image elements in 3014 and 3018 2 or more layers. As shown in Figure 30, the background or pattern image provided by symbols / icons 3014 is pushed away from an observer to appear behind the foreground image made of symbols / icons 3018. Elements 3018 can be provided as larger elements, and can cause them to appear to float at different levels relative to picture elements 3014 from all points of view. This can be accomplished in part by causing images 3018 to remain stationary during dual axis activation (rotating the 3010 assembly around the X and Y axes) while the background images 3018 move (apply a motion effect to the elements Image 3014).
Other assemblies can be created that include a print image formed with the use of pixel mapping chosen to provide patterns or images that are activated on a first axis (eg, the X axis) with any of the effects listed or described herein. Furthermore, the printed image can be configured to provide a combination of the same elements of
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image (for example, a cone or symbol) or different Image elements that are activated on a second axis (for example, the Y axis) with any of the listed or described effects (the same or different effects). For example, effects may include, but are not limited to: (a) a layered 3D effect (for example, image elements presented in order to appear on different layers with each layer being a flat image); (b) a real 3D effect (eg offers a 3D image or item generated by 3D software or the like); (c) a motion effect (for example, picture elements that are moving or scrolling in the frame); (d) a flipped or inverted effect (for example, an image A that switches to an image B for 2-image reversal or more than two images can be used in a flipped effect); (e) animation (for example, frame sequence that describes or defines animation for one or more picture elements); (f) on / off effect (for example, single or multiple picture elements may be caused by appearing or disappearing depending on the viewing angle for the assembly); and (g) a zoom effect (for example, single or multiple imaging elements may be enlarged or reduced in size depending on the viewing angle of the image printed through the hexagonal, round-based microlens array. parallelogram, or square).
Figures 3A-4B provide examples of articles formed by round and square base lenses to form matrixes of
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lenses. In addition, these lens arrays are arranged or arranged so as not to use offset or nested rows and columns of lenses (eg, lenses in adjacent rows and columns have been aligned instead of offset). The use of pixel mapping as taught by the inventors here has enabled anti-counterfeiting devices to be effectively manufactured with lens / image matrix assemblies. Printed using lens matrices with offset / nested lenses and also with lens matrices. that have been configured to include either hex lenses or hex base lenses. Therefore, Figures 31 and 32 provide specific working examples of such implementations.
In one embodiment shown in Figure 31, an article 3100 (such as a piece of paper money, a label for a product, or the like) is supplied with an anti-counterfeiting element or device in the form of an array of lenses (hexagonal base lens array) 3110 covering or provided on top of a layer of ink 3120 providing a printed image. As shown, element 3100 includes a substrate or body 3105 such as a sheet of paper or plastic (eg, paper to be used as a coin or paper / plastic to be used for a product label). On a surface of the substrate / body 3105, an image is printed through an ink layer 3120, and a lens matrix 3110 is provided on an exposed surface of the ink layer 3120 (for example, the
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3120 ink and its pattern / image can be printed on the substrate surface or on the rear surface of the lens matrix 3110).
As shown, the lens array 3110 is comprised of a plurality of lenses 3114 each having a hexagonal base abutting the ink layer surface 3120 and having a dome or dome-shaped cross section and / or one , two or more facets / sides. Hexagonal base lenses or round lenses 3114 are arranged in a number of columns 3112 that are parallel, as shown, by parallel vertical axes or Y 3113 (axes passing through the center of the lenses 3114 in columns 3112) in Figure 31. In addition, lenses 3114 are arranged such that pairs of lenses 3114 in adjacent columns 3112 are in contact with or at least near each other at the bases. Still further, the columns 3112 are vertically offset, so that the pairs of adjacent lenses 3114 in a particular column 3112 are spaced apart. The array 3110 is then configured to have parallel rows of lenses 3114, each bumping into its neighboring lenses in those rows (or almost in contact with each other at the bases), as seen by horizontal parallel axes or X
31 15 that pass through the lenses 3114 in the matrix 3110 and the rows are shown bumping into each other as well as offset (for example, to have a horizontal offset as well as a vertical offset). In this way, the 3114 lenses can be heavily nested in the pattern shown in Figure 31 (note, the 3110 array can be rotated for use as a 90 degree turn of
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In an embodiment shown in Figure 32, an article 3200 (such as a piece of paper money, a label for a product, or the like) is supplied with an anti-counterfeiting element or device in the form of an array of lenses (matrix of round base lenses) 3210 covering or provided on top of a layer of 3220 ink providing a printed image. As shown, article 3200 includes a substrate or body 3205 such as a sheet of paper or plastic (eg, paper to be used as a coin or paper / plastic to be used for a product label). On a surface of the substrate / body 3205, an image is printed through an ink layer 3220, and a lens matrix 3110 is supplied on an exposed surface of the ink layer 3220 (for example, the ink layer 3220 and Your pattern / image can be printed on the substrate surface or on the back surface of the 3210 lens matrix).
As shown, the lens array 3210 is comprised of a plurality of lenses 3214 each having a circular or round base that abuts the surface of the ink layer 3220 and has a dome or dome cross section and / or one, two or more facets / sides. The round lenses 3214 are arranged in a number of columns 3212 that are parallel, as shown by parallel verticals or Y-axes 3213 (axes passing through the center of the lenses 3214 in columns 3212) in Figure 32.
In addition, the 3214 lenses are arranged so that pairs of
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Lenses 3214 in the adjacent columns 3212 are in contact or close at least at the bases. Still further, the columns 3212 are vertically offset so that the adjacent pairs of lenses 3214 in a particular column 3212 are spaced apart. The array 3210 is then configured to have parallel rows of lenses 3214, each hitting its neighboring lenses in those rows (or almost in contact with each other at the bases), as seen by horizontal parallels or X-axes 3215 that pass through the centers of the lenses 3214 in the matrix 3210, and the rows are shown bumping into each other as well as offset (eg, to have a horizontal offset as well as a vertical offset). In this way, lenses 3214 can be heavily nested in the pattern shown in Figure 32 (note, matrix 3210 can be rotated for use such as a 90 degree rotation so that columns become rows and vice versa).
As described in the initial part of this document, Moiré patterns have been used in combination with round and hexagonal lens matrices for many years. Typically, the printed images are small fine images with respect to the size of the lenses. Some of the images are printed at a frequency slightly more frequent or less than that of a dimension of the lenses in two axes and some are printed with some differences from the others. The result is a Moiré pattern showing the illusion of depth of field with
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glasses to observer or shows movement of items to observer. Generally, these lens matrices combined with Image Printing are used in the market against counterfeiting of labels and currency. The thickness of the lenses is below 12.7 / 2540 centimeters and up to about 1.27 / 2540 centimeters (that is, 125 microns to around 12 microns). The frequency of these lenses is from 400 x 400 to more than 1000 x 1000 per inch.
Although useful for a point, the effects that can be achieved with Moiré patterns are limited. For example, you cannot take a 3D photo and presentation with a Moiré pattern. Typically, Moiré standards are used in the security industry on very thin lenses with focal lengths of about 20 to 75 mlcrometers and frequencies of more than 500 lenses per 2.54 centimeters on an axis (or more than 250,000 per square centimeter). The printed images underlying the lenses are generally at least 12,000 DPI and can exceed 25,000 DPI, with the micro-lens arrays being closely nested (for example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2) . In other cases, these lenses can be running at 30 lenses in linear centimeter with focal lengths of more than 0.3175 centimeters or even 0.635 centimeters and only about 900 lenses per square centimeter.
A major problem with the use of Moiré Images is that they can be relatively and easily designed by reverse engineering. It is easy to see the underlying patterns of the lens with a
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Reasonably priced microscope and determine the frequency of images and patterns. Furthermore, the lenses can be cast and re-molded making anti-counterfeiting possible. The relative difficulty in reverse engineering comes in printing the images, but this is easier to obtain due to high-resolution lasers and assemblies.
Typically, micro-lenses are printed using embossing and filling technology. This generally limits printing to one color due to the fact that the process tends to be self-polluting after one color, as well as the fact that the process is difficult to control from a relative color to color step in the printing process. relief and filling. Some have implemented a motion technology that uses high-resolution relief printing and one-color fill due to the fact that the web or sheet is pre-installed in relief, ink-coated flooding, and clean (no areas embossed) and a blade leaves traces of ink and contaminants making other colors quite a challenge. Another problem regarding general web stretch and movement is that the small optical tilt differences necessary to magnify moires are difficult to achieve due to differences in running voltages between colors.
Therefore, the inventors determined that anti-counterfeiting devices were required to be much more difficult, if not impossible to duplicate. Preferably, it has been determined that these
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Printed lens arrays can be difficult to
Print on any sheet or band shape (especially band shape) in displacement, and flexo, flexo or any other method. Some of the problems lie with the devices that make up the plates or plate definers, as well as the physical ability to print a very small dot or image. This fact when combined with equipment registration inaccuracies, film stretch, and other variables make it impossible or very difficult to print very high resolution images needed on micro-lens matrices in a 4-color process or with true precision. These facts limit what can be done in micro-lenses
Printed.
General printing accuracy limitations can be found in compression manuals such as the following (color-to-color registration): (1) better better sheet-feed compression (Heldelberg or Komori) -8 microns; (2) better coin compression (sheet-KBA Notsys only) -4 to 6 microns; (3) better band (flexographic or flexo) -150 Plus micrometers; and (4) better central impression band -50 micrometers. Furthermore, physics dictates that the thinner the substrate or lens matrix used (necessary for security and against counterfeiting), the thinner or smaller the matrix of lenses is for the ratio of objective thickness to distance.
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focal. The basic formula is as follows: (a) Chord width = C; (B) Lens radius = R; (C) focal length = F (or lens thickness); and (D) LPD = lens frequency or number of lenses in a linear centimeter. Next, indicate the basic lens physics: R> .5 (C). Also, F = 1.5 (C) (as an approximation).
For example, a coin sequence can be printed in various colors in patterns and solid colors of approximately 25 microns. The realistic minimum LPD in both directions for this to be possible is around 1200 LPD, which requires a minimum of 5 pixels per 3D or animation. Therefore 5 = 6000 x 1200 DPD in both directions. However, much better quality dictates 10 images and about 12,000 DPD. Patterns without registration and so on can be printed showing motion and 3D in various colors. However, the registration requirements to print color-to-color, 4-color process, or register colors at this level is impossible or at least extremely difficult with past technology. The width or chord width of the lens (C) in this case is approximately 21 microns. Since one pixel is required for each frame and 5 frames are required for each lens, the printing requirement for even a single color is difficult. Observing the previous discussion, the best band compressions record color to color at approximately 50 microns. The registration requirement for the 4-color process or other hermetic multi-color processes with a chord width of about 21 microns (5 frames, each at 4.2 microns) is
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about 2-3 micrometers. Unfortunately, this has proven difficult to achieve with current technology.
The production of non-holographic images (printed images) on record even on a single axis is impossible with current technology with more than one color. Obviously, motion or 3D photography is impossible on lens matrices regardless of printing technology. The practical limitation with current in-band technology is truly non-existent (the thickness of the material would necessarily be about 38.1 / 2540 centimeters and around 100 LPD to possibly record color-to-color, and you could practically not fly in a band). Therefore, printed and registered color would be limited to sheetfed offset technology (not practical for banknotes or security labels).
A novel way to address this problem is necessary for technology to advance beyond traditional printing. In the microwave part of the spectrum, where there is little loss, patterned and perforated metal films or Metal-coated films on the sub-wavelength scale achieve spectral selectivity by balancing transmission and surface reflection characteristics. For optical frequencies, where joule losses are significant, the planned structure of a metal film (without perforation) or a violation of continuity is sufficient to provide or achieve substantial reflectivity modification. When engineering the geometry of the structure
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Imposed or embossed on the surface, you can dramatically change the perceived color of the metal without the use of chemicals, thin film coating or diffraction effects.
This novel selective frequency effects losses of underlying plasmonic joules in continuous pattern elements (carving and bas-relief) in the metamaterials to distinguish both raised and jagged portions of the structures, and is specific to the optical part of the spectrum. For example, a technology has the advantage of maintaining the integrity of metal structures on surfaces and is scalable for high production and manufacturing techniques.
The maximum possible resolution for printed color images is determined by the visible light diffraction limit. To hit the limit, the various color elements, which are or can be considered as pixels, with a thread pitch of 250nm (for example, a pitch of less than 10,000 nanometers (or 10 microns), such as, for example, in the range of 200 to 300 nanometers or less than about 300 nm) are necessary or desired to make the print resolution effective (often given in dots per centimeter (DPC) at about 100,000 DPC (or a range of 10,000 to 125,000 DPC or at least about 10,000 DPC in some cases and others can use at least 75,000 DPC). Color information can be encoded in the dimensional parameters of the metal nanostructures so that the adjustment of their plasmonic resonance determines the color of the individual pixels. This type
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Color Assignment produces images with color sharpness differences as well as fine tone variations. The method can be used for high volume inkless color printing through nano-printing lithography.
This technology can be used to reproduce the entire gamut of visible colors from different colors to RGB and CMYK process color blends for reproduction of photographs or other images. It is important to note that, unlike diffraction images, the colors resulting from the manipulation of the rest of the reflected and transmitted waves are highly insensitive to the angle of vision. Therefore, since the combination of these tuned nanostructures to produce color pixels simulating up to 100,000 DPC with lens matrices as described here with both Moiré and interleaved images results in light ingress (due to focus of the lens) from different entry angles, the resulting color towards the observer is not distorted or changes as with diffraction patterns. Images interspersed with lenses that focus on individual pixels or groups of pixels remain as designed when presented or reflected to the user and the color remains unchanged. The resulting color is largely unaffected by the incoming angle.
For the above reasons, the combination of lens matrices, as described herein with this "plasmon resonance technology, makes the ideal combination, or
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at least very useful, for thin film 4-color processes and provides a registered and combined color for lens matrices for use in security, branding and other applications. For the first time, drastic color effects can be used that can be produced in a one-step carving / bas-relief metamaterial. It can also be applied to a massive sheet and thin film surface and can be implemented in a one-step process. Pixel assignment can be done after interleaving or assigning the
3D or animated image. Images can be collated first, and then converted at the pixel level to the appropriate conversion method (continuous or bas relief) to simulate the desired color.
An example of the incredible depth of features and animation that can occur is illustrated by the conventional counterpart (traditional print combined with these lenses) that would be done at 75 microns. Even in the verification environment (Impossible to Record and Print in Production), a maximum of 6 images for a 400 LPD lens (2-way round or square base lens) per 6 images could be achieved at approximately 2400 DPD. In contrast, the plasmonic resonance system described above allows a very sharp focus lens to be designed that will provide the pixels at 75 microns. Instead of a 6 by 6 frame pattern (36 images in one lens), a 250 image by 250 image pattern could be achieved
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at 100,000 DPDs with 62,500 views or Image frames in process colors, spot colors (PMS equivalents), or RGB colors. Therefore, plasmonic resonance provides larger frame patterns than 6 by 6 patterns, for example, 7 by 7 frame patterns (49 image frames) up to 250 by 250 frame patterns (62,500 image frames).
The lens matrix can be cast, extruded or laminated to the nano-bas-relief or embossed film containing the nano-bas-relief images or structures. The optical tilt of the lens can be designed and manufactured to match the exact resonance of the color pixels generated by nano-bas-relief structures, or, conversely. Optical tilt will be scaled to match the lens matrix exactly by systematically removing pixel sets (made up of sets of nanostructures) or adding formulated nanostructures by mixing (without interference) colors or pixels, so that the resolution The exact device that writes the file is compared without interpolation below about 250 nanometers.
Using plasmonic resonance or continuous metal frequency to create images using interleaved files that allow finite adjustment of a file down for the combined nano point combination that creates color resonance at the 250nm level. This "pixel replacement represents a final pixel and therefore the adjustment to match the optical tilt
INSTITUTO MEXICANO Of LA MOflEDAt »gg INIKISTRIH .-- (images) so that the microlensings reach up to about 250 nm. This option is ideal for creating an exact match between the microlens and the image itself, since it allows a finite adjustment without using auxiliary programs that cause averaging and distortion in the file.
When it comes to general interleaving for all lens matrices using continuous metal frequency technology, images can be created in the normal way using photographs, Adobe's Photoshop Illustrator, or any number of programs.
The color file is then separated into color zones using color separation software, which can be RGB or CMYK for images. This is done in very high resolution, so pixels can be broken in order to make color develop up to about 100,000 DPD, with about 250nm per pixel. The nanopoint shapes are then formed to match the proper color by giving the plasmonic resonance associated with that color when the wavelength matches the electron. This can be done in the color separation software.
The individual color selections for those pixels are then translated into the corresponding physical shapes of the microstructures (nanopoints) to create the right color for the observer. However, before final selection of shapes, files are interleaved in 3D and / or animation down to the possible level of one pixel per frame or 250nm depending on size
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of the file and / or microlens. Files are interleaved to match lenses, whether round, square, hex, linear, parallelogram, or spherical lenses are used in the lens array. The pixels are then translated (after interleaving) with software that identifies the colors and pixels and provides the data necessary to create the nano-point or micro-relief file containing the X, Y, and Z coordinates.
When it comes to lens application and fabrication in general, after the files are created with the interleaved images and have been converted to relief files, a plastic substrate can be embossed first, and then suitably metallized, with the exact metamaterials used varying from one application to another. The materials can be individually conductive materials or combinations of conductive materials such as gold, aluminum, silver, and so on. These materials can be steam coated with layers of 2 to 50 or more nanometers of material. Rather, the film itself can be precoated with metamaterials and post-embossed with nanostructures.
The lenses (again, any of the types / shapes mentioned above can be used) can be applied after the embossing or metallization process or even earlier. The lens matrix is formed on or as part of the film and metallization occurs, and this is followed by embossing on the flat part of the lens. However, when the lens is applied afterwards, the
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In summary, the microlens lens or matrix: (1) can be applied after the production of the substrate, relief and metallization; (2) they can be embossed with the lens matrix first extruded or cast first, and then embossed with the nano-interleaved images (and then metallized with the metamaterials); and (3) can be made, metallized, and then embossed on the back (flat side).
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LIST OR SUBRUTINE OF PROGRAM FOR LIGHTNING
FOR DOUBLE AXLE INTERLACING AND LENS MATRICES OF
ROUND OR SQUARE BASE
Sub lntcrscct_Ncarest_Surfacc (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xi, yi, zi, enx, eny, enzy, gnfound, snfound, surftypcfound, success) 'find surface closest to the start point of the ray.
'inputs' xs, ys, zs ray starting point' elx, ely, elz ray direction cosines' xi.yi.zi ray intersection point 'returns' gnfound, snfound group number, surface number found' surface type found closest surface.
'success (if found)
Dim intplaneflag, IntSphereSflag, IntCylinderFlag, IntEllipsoidFlag As Boolean
Dim ¡color, k As Integer Dim surftypetemp As Sequence Dim intsphere3planeflag As Boolean Dim gn, sn, gntemp, sntemp As Integer
Dim distance As Double
Dim xitemp, yitemp, zitemp as Double
Dim enxtemp, enytemp, enzyme As Double
Dim xp, yp, zp As Double
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Dim XP1, YP1, ZP1 As Double 'Dlm enx, eny, enzy As Double
Dlm enxx, enyy, enzz As Double
Dim Enxplano, Enyplano, Enplano As Double
Dlm xc, ye, zc, rr As Double
Dlm xO, yO, zO As Double
Dim rx, ry, rz As Double 'Dimrxl, ry1, rz1, rx2, ry2, rz2 As Double' Dim x¡1, y¡1, z¡1, x¡2, y¡2, z¡2 As Double
Dlm gx, gy, gz as double
Dim a, b, c, xvértlce As Double
Dim r¡m1, tol1, s1 As Double tol1 = 0.0001 'go through all the surfaces that have been identified, cross each one and find the surface closest to the starting point of the' incident ray.
success = false distance = 10 <sup>Λ</sup> 1 0
For gn = InicloGroup a GroupFin Step GroupStep For sn = Surface nlclo (gn) A SurfaceFln (g, n) Step
Surface ste p 'plane surface
If superflcle type (gn, sn) = 1 Then xp = x (gn, sn)
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yp = y (gn, sn) zp = z (gn, sn) enx = Xd¡r (gn, sn) eny = Ydlr (gn, sn) enzy = Zd¡r (gn, sn)
Call Intplano2 (xs, ys, zs, elx, el y, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, z¡, ntplaneflag)
SI ¡ntplaneflag = Then true s1 = Sqr ((x¡ - xs) <sup>TO</sup> 2 + (y¡ - ys) <sup>TO</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>TO</sup> 2) If s1 <distance And s1> tol1 Then distance = s1 xitemp = x¡ yltemp = yi zltemp = z¡ enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy surftypetemp = Plane gntemp = gn sntemp = sn
End yes
End if 'ntplano = true
End if 'spherical surface
IF Superflcle Type (gn, sn) = 2 Then
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xc = x (gn, sn) and e = y (gn , sn) zc = z (gn, sn) rr = r (gn, sn)
XP1 = XPIano (gn, sn)
YP1 = YPIano (gn, sn)
ZP1 = ZPIanogn, sn) enxplano = ENXP (gn, sn) enyplano = ENYP (gn, sn) enzyplano = ENZP (gn, sn)
Call lntEsfera5 (xs, ys, zs, eix, ely, elz, xc, ye, zc, rr, rx, ry, rz, xi, yi, zi, lntEsfera5flag) 'Call lntEsfera3_Plano_Divide (xs, ys, zs, elx, el y, elz, xe, ye, zc, rr, XPI, YPI, ZPI, enxplano, enyplano, enyplano, rx, ry, rz, xi, yi, zi, intesfera3planoflag) 'Call lntEsfera2 (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely (elz, xc, ye, zc, rr, rx, ry, rz, xi, yi, zi, intesferaflag)
If lntEsfera5flag = True Then 'lf IntEsferaSflag = True Then' = 1 Or intesferaflag = 2 Then s1 = Sgr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance Y s1> tol1 Then distance = s1 xitemp = xi
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yitemp = y¡ zit ernp = zi enxtemp = rx '???????????????? enytemp = r and enzytemp = rz surftypetemp = sphere gntemp = gn sntemp = sn
End if 'If intensferaflag = 2 Then' s1 = Sqr ((x¡2 - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi2 - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (z¡2 - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2) 'If s1 <distance Y s1> tol 1 Then' distance = s1 'xitemp = x¡2' yitemp = y¡2 'ziternp = zi2' enxtemp = rx2 '???????????? ????
'enytemp = ry2' enzytemp = rz2 'surftypetemp = Sphere' gntemp = gn 'sntemp = sn' End if 'End if' intersphereflag = 2 'End if' intersphere = 1 or 2
INDUSTRIAL
End if the intersphere <> 0 ------ End if its spherical surface 'cylinder surface Yes Type Surface (gn, sn) = 3 Then xO = x (gn, sn) yO = y (gn, sn) zO = z (gn, sn) gx = Xdir (gn, sn) gy = Ydir (gn, sn) gz = Zdir (gn, sn) rr = r (gn, sn)
Call intecilindro (xs, ys, zs, elx, ay, y, elz, xO, yO, zO, gx, gy, gz, rr, xi, yi, zi, enx, eny, enzy, IntCilindro Flag)
If IntCilindroFlag = True Then 15 s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance AND s1> tol1 Then distance = s1 xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy surftypetemp = Cylinder gntemp = gn
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sntemp = sn End If __________________
Finish yes
Finish yes
End if 'Opening
If Surface Type (gn, sn) = 4 Then xp = x (gn, sn) yp y (gn, sn) zp = z (gn, sn) enx = Xdir (gn, sn) eny = Ydir (gn, sn) enzy = Zdir (gn, sn)
Call ¡ntplano (xs, ys, zs, elx, el y, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, x¡, yi, zi, ntplanoflag)
If ntplanoflag = True then s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>TO</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>TO</sup> 2+ (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance Y s1> tol 1 Then distance = s1 xltemp = x¡ yitemp = y¡ zitemp = z¡ enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy surftypetemp = Opening
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gntemp = gn sntemp = sn
Finish yes
Finish yes
End if 'Ellipsoid
If Surface Type (gn, sn) = 5 Then a = ax (gn, sn) b = by (gn, sn) c = cz (gn, sn) x vertex = x (gn, sn) ring = LocationAn¡llo (gn, sn) tol 1 = 0.000001 '. 00001 seems to give constant results Call lntEllipsoid (a, b, c, xvortex, r¡m1, xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xi, yi, zi, enx , eny, enzy, IntElipsoideFlag)
If IntElipsoideFlag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (z¡ - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance AND s1> tol1 Then distance = s1 xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy
IMPI
Uca '& πτυτο muucano ra industrial property
<img file="MX359175B_D0085.tif" />
101 surftypetemp = Ellipsoid gntemp = gn sntemp = sn
Finish yes
Finish yes
Finish if 'Slot
If Surface Type (gn, sn) = 6 Then MsgBox (Main stroke does not support slot)
Finish yes
Next sn Next gn 'Target plane 15 xp = X Objective yp = 0 # zp = 0 # enx = 1 # eny = 0 # enzy = 0 #
Call intplane (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, zi, intplanoflag)
S intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((x¡ - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance AND s1> tol1 Then
IMPI
INSTITUTO MEXICANO M LA ntOFItOAD INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX359175B_D0086.tif" />
102 distance = s1 xitemp = x¡ yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = O surftypetemp = Target ”
Finish yes
End if 'graph limits' right side xp = LimitRight yp = 0 # zp = 0 # enx = 1 # eny = 0 # enzyme = 0 #
Call ntplano (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, zi, intplanoflag)
If intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (y¡ - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
103
IMPI
INSTITUTO MEXICANO OE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIA !.
<img file="MX359175B_D0087.tif" />
If s1 <distance AND s1> tol1 Then distance = s1 xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = 0 surftypetemp = Limit
Finish yes
End if 'left side xp = Limit left and p = 0 # zp = 0 # enx = -1 # eny = 0 # enzy = 0 #
Call ntplano (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, zi, intplanoflag)
If intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (y¡ - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
IF s1 <distance AND s1> tol1 Then
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE βϊ LA MONEDAD INDUSTRIA !.
<img file="MX359175B_D0088.tif" />
104 distance = s1 xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = 0 surftypetemp = Limit
Finish yes
End if 'top side xp = 0 # yp = LimitSuperlor zp = 0 # enx = 0 # eny = 1 # enzy = 0 #
Call ¡ntplano (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, x¡, y¡, zi, intplanoflag)
IF Intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((x¡ - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
IF s1 <distance AND s1> tol 1 Then
<img file="MX359175B_D0089.tif" />
105 distance = s1 xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = O surftypetemp = Limit
Finish yes
End if 'lower side xp = 0 # yp = Lower limit zp = 0 # enx = 0 # eny = -1 # enzy = 0 #
Call intplane (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, zi, intplanoflag)
If intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance T s1> tol1 Then
106
INDUSTRIAL distance = s1 xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = 0 surftypetemp = Limit
Finish yes
End if 'front side xp = 0 # yp = 0 # zp = 10 <sup>Λ</sup> 6 enx = 0 # eny = 0 # enzy = -1 #
Call intplane (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, zi, intplanoflag)
If intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((xi - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance AND s1> tol 1 Then
IMPI
<img file="MX359175B_D0090.tif" />
107 distance = s1 —— xitemp = xi yitemp = yi zitemp = zi enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = 0 surftypetemp = Limit
Finish yes
End if 'back side xp = 0 # yp = 0 # zp = -10<sup>Λ</sup>6 enx = 0 # eny = 0 # enzy = 1 #
Call intplane (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xp, yp, zp, enx, eny, enzy, xi, yi, zi, intplanoflag)
If intplanoflag = True Then s1 = Sqr ((x¡ - xs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (yi - ys) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zi - zs) <sup>Λ</sup> 2)
If s1 <distance AND s1> to! 1 Then distance = s1
MEXICAN INSTITUTE
OF THE PROPERTY
INDUSTRIAL
108 xitemp = x¡ yitemp = y¡ zitemp = z¡ enxtemp = enx enytemp = eny enzytemp = enzy gntemp = 0 sntemp = 0 surftypetemp = Limit
Finish yes
End if 'final report
IF distance <10 <sup>Λ</sup> 9 Then success = True xi = xitemp y¡ = yitemp zi = zitemp enx = enxtemp eny = enytemp enzy = enzyme gnfound = gntemp snfound = sntemp surftypefound = surftypetemp
Finish yes
IMPIC
109
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DS INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX359175B_D0091.tif" />
If gnfound = EndGroup And snfound EndSuperflc¡e (gnfound) Then surftipofound = End Surface
Finish yes
Terminate Sub i *********************************************** ****************************
<img file="MX359175B_D0092.tif" />
Sub lntEsfera5 (xs, ys, zs, elx, ely, elz, xc, ye, zc, r, rx, ry, rz, xi, y¡, zi, lntEsfera5flag) 'xs, ys, zs is the starting point of the ray 'elx, ely, elz are cosines of direction of the ray' xc, yc, zc is the center of the circle 'r is the radius of the sphere' rx, ry, rz are cosines of direction of the radius at Intersection 'xl.yl .zl is the intersection of the ray in the sphere '¡intesferaflag = true if Intersection Dlm is found s1, s2, s3, x1, x2 As Double
Dim LL, L1, L2 As Double
IntEsferaSflag = False s1 = 2 # * ((xs - xc) * elx + (ys - ye) * ely + (zs - zc) * elz) s2 = (xs - xc) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (ys - ye) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + (zs - zc) <sup>Λ</sup> 2 - r <sup>Λ</sup> 2 s3 = yes <sup>Λ</sup> 2 - 4 # * s2 'no Intersection lfs3 <0 Then
INSTmT · MEXICAN
ΓΓ LA Γ 'MjU'TtslAi
110
Exit Sub
End if 'there is only one intersection
If s3 = 0 # Then
LL = -s1 / 2 #
Go to sphere 250
End if 'there are two intersections Ll = (-s1 + Sqr (s3)) / 2 #
L2 = (-s1 -Sqr (s3)) / 2 #
Check for + L and - L for the sphere side to choose (compare where xc and xi is)
If L1 <0 # And L2 <0 # Then
Exit Sub 'without intersection
End if 'If L1> 0 # AND L2> 0 # Then' If L1> L2 Then '1 = L1' Also '1 = L2' End if 'End if
If L1> 0 # Then
IMPI
111
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY
INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX359175B_D0093.tif" />
x¡ = xs + L1 * elx yi = ys + L1 * ely zi = zs + L1 * elz
If r> 0 # Then
If xi <= xc then
LL = L1
Finish yes
Finish yes
If r <0 # Then
If xi> = xc then
LL = L1
Finish yes
Finish yes
End if lfL2> 0 # Then xi = xs + L2 * elx yi = ys + L2 * ely zi = zs + L2 * elz
IF r> 0 # Then
If xi <= xc then
LL = L2
Finish yes
Finish yes
If r <0 # Then
IMPI
112
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OE LA PROPIEBAO
INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX359175B_D0094.tif" />
If xi> = xc then
LL = L2
Finish yes
Finish yes
Terminate if lntEsfera250:
'if 1 <= 0 Then' Exit Sub 'End if xi = xs + LL * elx yi = ys + LL * ely zi = zs + LL * elz rx = (xi - xc) / r ry = (yi - ye ) / Γ rz = (zi - zc) / r s1 = rx <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + ry <sup>Λ</sup> 2 + rz <sup>Λ</sup> 2 'MsgBox (Sum of boxes of cosines normal address & s1)
I lntEsfera5flag = True
End of Sub
113
IMPI • ttAFROMÍDAD industrial
<img file="MX359175B_D0095.tif" />
Contents192
127 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23 Sheet 24 Sheet 25 Sheet 26 Sheet 27 Sheet 28 Sheet 29 Sheet 30 Sheet 31 Sheet 32 Sheet 33 Sheet 34 Sheet 35 Sheet 36 Sheet 37 Sheet 38 Sheet 39 Sheet 40 Sheet 41 Sheet 42 Sheet 43 Sheet 44 Sheet 45 Sheet 46 Sheet 47 Sheet 48 Sheet 49 Sheet 50 Sheet 51 Sheet 52 Sheet 53 Sheet 54 Sheet 55 Sheet 56 Sheet 57 Sheet 58 Sheet 59 Sheet 60 Sheet 61 Sheet 62 Sheet 63 Sheet 64 Sheet 65 Sheet 66 Sheet 67 Sheet 68 Sheet 69 Sheet 70 Sheet 71 Sheet 72 Sheet 73 Sheet 74 Sheet 75 Sheet 76 Sheet 77 Sheet 78 Sheet 79 Sheet 80 Sheet 81 Sheet 82 Sheet 83 Sheet 84 Sheet 85 Sheet 86 Sheet 87 Sheet 88 Sheet 89 Sheet 90 Sheet 91 Sheet 92 Sheet 93 Sheet 94 Sheet 95 Sheet 96 Sheet 97 Sheet 98 Sheet 99 Sheet 100 Sheet 101 Sheet 102 Sheet 103 Sheet 104 Sheet 105 Sheet 106 Sheet 107 Sheet 108 Sheet 109 Sheet 110 Sheet 111 Sheet 112 Sheet 113 Sheet 114 Sheet 115 Sheet 116 Sheet 117 Sheet 118 Sheet 119 Sheet 120 Sheet 121 Sheet 122 Sheet 123 Sheet 124 Sheet 125 Sheet 126 Sheet 127
52 members in 15 offices
Priority claims14
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14017415 | United States of America | – | |
| 201314017415 | United States of America | A | |
| 201314017415 | United States of America | A | |
| 14190592 | United States of America | – | |
| 201414190592 | United States of America | A | |
| 201414190592 | United States of America | A | |
| 2014018920 | United States of America | W | |
| 2014018920 | United States of America | W | |
| 14017415 | – | – | – |
| 14190592 | – | – | – |
| PCTUS2014018920 | – | – | – |
| US201314017415 | – | – | – |
| US201414190592 | – | – | – |
| WO2014US18920 | – | – | – |
Members52
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2014063611A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| CA2884155A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2014039476A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| US2014177008A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| CA2923132A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2015034551A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| US9019613B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| AU2013312883A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| PH12015500705A1 | Philippines | A1 | |
| PH12015500705B1 | Philippines | B1 | |
| KR20150056568A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| US2015183258A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| EP2893390A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| CN104838304A | China | A | |
| IN2738DEN2015A | India | A | |
| US9132690B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP2893390A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| US2015343830A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| MX2015002911A | Mexico | A | |
| JP2016502121A | Japan | A | |
| ZA201502322B | South Africa | B | |
| AU2014315695A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| PH12016500422A1 | Philippines | A1 | |
| HK1212454A1 | Hong Kong, China | A1 | |
| CN105683815A | China | A | |
| KR20160068758A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| EP3042238A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| MX2016002927A | Mexico | A | |
| AU2013312883B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| RU2015112287A | Russian Federation | A | |
| EP2893390B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| JP2016539378A | Japan | A | |
| US9592700B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| CA2884155C | Canada | C | |
| EP3042238A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| RU2621173C2 | Russian Federation | C2 | |
| MX348176B | Mexico | B | |
| ZA201602171B | South Africa | B | |
| BR112015004922A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| US9701150B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| CN104838304B | China | B | |
| RU2016112319A | Russian Federation | A | |
| JP6277191B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP6349401B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| RU2661743C2 | Russian Federation | C2 | |
| MX359175BThis record | Mexico | B | |
| CN108638690A | China | A | |
| AU2014315695B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| CN105683815B | China | B | |
| BR112016004827A8 | Brazil | A8 | |
| CN108638690B | China | B | |
| CA2923132C | Canada | C |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Grant or registrationFG | FG |
Numbers
- Publication
- 359175
- Publication, DOCDB
- 359175
- Publication, EPODOC
- MX359175
- Application
- 2016002927
- Application, DOCDB
- 2016002927
- Application, EPODOC
- MX20160002927
Titles
- Spanish
- MAPEO E IMPRESION DE PIXEL PARA MATRICES DE MICROLENTES PARA OBTENER ACTIVACION DE EJE DOBLE DE IMAGENES.
Classification
- CPC, 7
- B42D25/29
- H04N13/307
- B42D25/30
- B42D25/324
- B42D25/342
- G02B3/0056
- B42D25/351
- IPC, 6
- B42D25 324
- B42D25 342
- G02B3 00
- G02B27 22
- G06K15 02
- H04N13 307