Modular carpet systems.

(54) Title: MODULAR CARPET SYSTEMS.

(54) Title: MODULAR CARPET SYSTEMS.

(57) Summary

A modular carpet system is described that includes a carpet tile and an adhesive. Carpet tile is operative to resist warping, even under adverse conditions. In some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a silicone-based adhesive or a urethane-based adhesive.

(57) Abstract

A modular carpet system ineludes a carpet tile and an adhesive. The carpet tile is operative for resisting deformation, even under adverse conditions. In some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a silicone-based adhesive or a urethane-based adhesive.

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PATENT TITLE No. 349253

Holders): TANDUS FLOORING, INC.

Address: 311 Smith Industrial Boulevard, PO Box 1447, Dalton, Georgia, 30722-1447, USA

Name: MODULAR CARPET SYSTEMS.

Classification: CIP: A47G27 / Q4; D06N7 / 0D; .

CPC: A47G27 / 0475; D06N7 / 0071; D06N2209 / 1628; Y10T428 / 26; Y10T428 / 2852

Inventors):

GABE MOORE; PAUL D. EVANS

Number:

MX / a / 2013 / 0Í2779

.. request; *:? Ffófiá MPjvepet'fcNip International:

Country:

US US.

PRIORITY

M. · 7 decáete 2011 »Number:

. 61/^,336 ; : 61/505,160

Validity: Twenty years &lt;,

Due date; May 3, 2032

Expedition date! July 49, 2017

The reference patent is granted with the foundation of the Industrial patent. 1 2 * fracc0 τ frácci ^ fi ^ 59 draaíey of the industrial pAtíJ.

In accordance with the article, ^ of the Law treat Industrial Property, patg0ta¿ent.itfi £ vigjjráía of twenty years ^ non-extendable, counted from the date of presentation of the inteenactenafs application and it will be subject to the tariff to maintain vjgentesHos rights.

Whoever subscribes to this title h $ £ te Wf the basis for the disposed ^ oit you article 6 ° sections III and 7 »be 2 of the Industrial Property Law (Official Gazette of the Federation (DO ^.) * 27 / &lt;$ / 199 Vrefcrm on 024 ^ / 1994, &amp; / 10 / ΤΛ 12/26 / W97, »/« 5/1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/2005, 01/25/2006, 05/06/2009,06 / 01/2010 18 ^ 6/2010, »8/06/3010, 5 ^ / (^ / ^) 12 and 0 ^ / 04/2012 ^ 8 ^ 0110/1⁰. 3 * trai? (Sófi VWso a), 4 'and 12 »sections I and III of the Regulations of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (D.Ot:^!14WartW0, 'reforjarás'al 07/01/200R'-f5/07/2004, 07/28/2004 and 09/07/2007);

items 1^&amp;, 3^or, 4^or, 5^or frac 12/27/1999, reformed the Deputy Generals, Departmental Coi and others 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007).

luirá fhsWuto (Mexican Industrial Property (DOF iSO&gt; a) '^:Agreement that delegates powers to the Directors »R®¡ortáfes, Divisional Deputy Directors, ROT Coordinators. 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000, 07/29/2004,

This document is signed with an advanced electronic signature (FIEL), based on articles 7 BIS 2 of the Industrial Property Law; 3 of its Regulations, and 1 section III, 2 section V, 26 BIS and 26 TER of the Agreement establishing the guidelines for the use of the Payment and Electronic Services Portal (PASE) of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property, in the procedures indicated.

THE DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS

NAHANNY CANAL REYES

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Original string:

NAHANNY MARISOL CANAL REYES | 00001000000403252793 | Administration Service

Tax | 1695 || MX / 2017/57347 | MX / a / 2013/012779 | PCT patent title | 1027 | RGZ | Page (s) 1 | iO16YKHJgWJ2REzJcQ639zfkZcM =

Digital stamp:

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Arenal No 550 Floor 1, Pueblo Santa María Tepepan. Xochimilco. 16020, Mexico City (55) 53340700 www.gob.mx/impí

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MX / 2017/57347

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TECHNICAL FIELD MODULAR CARPET SYSTEMS

The present disclosure is generally concerned with modular carpet systems (ie, carpet tile systems). More particularly, the present disclosure is concerned with modular carpet systems that are suitable for use in a wide variety of installation environments.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Modular carpet systems (that is, carpet tile systems) are frequently sought after to be installed in a wide range of environments. Unfortunately, such environments frequently expose such systems to adverse elements, such as standing water, alkaline conditions, high humidity, and other potentially challenging conditions. Conventional modular carpet systems are generally not able to withstand such conditions and consequently tend to loosen, ripple, contract and / or ripple over time. Thus, there is a need for a modular carpet system that can be used in adverse installation conditions without degradation or failure.

<img file="MX349253B_D0005.tif" />

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure is concerned with a modular carpet system (eg, carpet tile) for use in a wide variety of installation environments. In particular, the modular carpet system may be suitable for use even under adverse installation conditions.

The modular carpet system generally includes a carpet tile and an adhesive to secure the carpet tiles in a desired position (eg, in a side-by-side relationship with other carpet tiles) on an installation surface. Carpet tile must generally resist warping or waviness, even under adverse installation conditions. Such conditions may include installation on a floor that has a Moisture Vapor Emission Rate (MVER) of at least about 1.8 Kg (4 pounds) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet) an in situ relative humidity. (RH) on the floor of at least about 80%, a surface moisture pH of at least about 8, or any combination thereof. In addition, the adhesive must resist substantial adhesion failure or loss, even under adverse installation conditions.

The carpet tile may generally include a face comprising woven or bundled face yarns and a

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INDUSTRIAL bracket (commonly referred to as a secondary bracket) ————— —I II I l —BD to be placed in frontal relation to the installation surface. In one example, the support may comprise a polymer or polymeric material that is at least 50% amorphous, for example polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The adhesive may comprise any suitable adhesive, for example a silicone-based adhesive or a polyurethane-based adhesive. However, numerous other materials may be appropriate. The adhesive component may be provided as an adhesive coating, a fastener (eg, an unsupported adhesive or adhesive tape), or in any other appropriate manner.

Although these systems are suitable for use in harsh environments, they can also be used in standard environments that do not have harsh conditions. Furthermore, the systems can be used on any suitable installation surface. For example, the installation surface may comprise a floor or floor surface (for example, concrete, wood, etc.) that can be primed, painted, or coated with other materials or it may comprise a sub-floor (for example, for cushioning or waterproof quality) or other material arranged between the actual floor or floor surface and the carpet tile. For convenience, the terms floor, floor area, surface area, floor area and

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are used interchangeably in

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M LA FROFIE · * · INDUSTRIAL installation surface this.

Other elements, aspects and modalities will be apparent from the following description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The disclosure is generally concerned with a modular carpet system (eg, carpet tile) for use in a wide variety of installation environments, including harsh installation environments. The modular carpet system of this generally includes a modular carpet (e.g. carpet tile) that can remain dimensionally stable (that is, in such a way that it resists both deformation in the x, y, and z directions and deviation from a flat state ), even under adverse installation conditions and an adhesive that can resist substantial loss in adhesion, even under adverse installation conditions.

In sharp contrast, a carpet tile that is not dimensionally stable may begin to warp, wave, or curl, thereby expelling the adhesive and / or the installation surface, while an unstable adhesive may begin to lose adhesion, thereby releasing the adhesive. carpet tile from its secured position. Thus, if the stability is either mosaic or

<img file="MX349253B_D0007.tif" />

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INSTITUTE MLXICaNC

If LA PRÜFiUMB INDUSTRIAL adhesive is significantly deteriorated by the adverse condition, the tiles may undesirably shift or move from their desired edge-to-edge configuration (eg, side-to-side).

The modular carpet system in this disclosure can withstand (that is, remain stable in) a variety of adverse conditions. For example, the modular carpet system can generally be stable when installed on a floor that has a moisture vapor emission rate (MVER) of at least about 1.8 kg (4 pounds) / 24 hours / 929 centimeters. square feet (1000 square feet), at least about 2.2 Kg (5 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about 2.7 Kg (6 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters ( 1000 square feet), at least about 3.2 Kg (7 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about 3.6 Kg (8 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), so less about 4.1 Kg (9 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about 4.5 Kg (10 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least around of 5 Kg (11 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about 5.4 Kg (12 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about

5.9 Kg (13 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about 6.35 Kg (14 pounds) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), at least about 6.8 Kg (15 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet) or at least about 7.26 Kg (16 Ib) / 24 hours / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet), as measured using ASTM F1 869 -04 or any other appropriate test method. As another example, the modular carpet system can be stable when installed on a floor that has a relative humidity in situ of at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90% or at least about 95%, as measured, for example, using ASTM F2170-02 or any other appropriate test method. In a specific example, the modular carpet system can be stable when installed on a floor that has a relative humidity in situ of 100%, as measured using ASTM F2170-02 or any other appropriate test method.

As yet another example, the modular carpet system can be stable when installed on a floor that has a surface pH (e.g., surface moisture pH) of at least about 8, at least about 9, at least about 10, at least about 11, at least about 12 or at least about 13, as measured using ASTM F7107

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INSTITUTO MEXICANO OE LA PROPIEDAD INOUSTUlAl or any other appropriate test method ^

As yet another example, the modular carpet system can be stable when installed on a floor that has any combination of the above elements.

The present inventors have discovered that the use of a mosaic that remains dimensionally stable, even when exposed to adverse conditions, in combination with an adhesive that can withstand adverse conditions without substantial loss in adhesion provides substantial benefits that have previously been unsuitable. obtained by known mosaic systems. Specifically, by using these components in combination, the system can be installed in many environments that previously would have been considered completely inappropriate. Thus, the present system fills a substantial gap in the market.

Turning now to the individual components of the system, a carpet tile that is dimensionally stable generally exhibits little or no change in its length, width, or thickness, or deviation from a flat state, in response to v arious environmental factors, such that The entire tile is capable of remaining in substantially frontal relationship (eg, an opposite contact face-to-face relationship) with the installation surface over time. The dimensional stability of a carpet mosaic therefore includes both

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components of linear stability (that is, change in length or width (MD or CD), for example, growth or shrinkage) and planar stability (that is, a deviation from flat / flat / level / uniform) state, for example, formation dome or waviness, which also frequently indicates a z-directional change in thickness).

Linear stability can in general be characterized by exhibiting a carpet mosaic length or width change of less than about 0.15%, for example, less than about 0.14%, less than about 0.13%, less than about 0.12 %, less than about 0.1 1%, less than about 0.10%, less than about 0.09%, less than about 0.0 8%, less than about 0.07%, less than about 0.06%, less than about 0.05% , less than about 0.04%, less than about 0.03%, less than about 0.02%, or less than about 0.01%, after exposure to adverse conditions, as measured using ISO 2551 or any other appropriate test method. This corresponds to a change of less than about 0.68 mm (0.027 inches) for a 4 6 cm (18 inches) x 46 cm (18 inches) tile (that is, no more than +/- 0.68 mm (0.027 inches) ), less than about 0.091 cm (0.036 inches) for a 60.1 cm (24 inches) x 60.1 cm (24 inches) tile (that is, no more than +/- 0.091 cm (0.036 inches)) or less than about 0.137 cm (0.054 inch)

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INSTITUTO MiXICANC Dt LA PMFIKDAr INOUSTIUA · for a 91.44 cm (36 inch) x 91.44 cm (36 inch) mosaic (that is, no more than +/- 0.137 cm (0.054 inch)), for example, as measured using ISO 2551 or any other appropriate test method.

Planar stability can in general be characterized as exhibiting a plane deviation of less than about 0.20 cm (0.078 inches), less than about 0.19 cm (0.075 inches), less than about 0.178 cm (0.070 inches), less than about than 0.165 cm (0.065 inches), less than about 0.152 cm (0.060 inches), less than about 0.140 cm (0.055 inches), less than about 0.127 cm (0.050 inches), less than about 0.114 cm (0.045 inches) ), less than about 0.102 cm (0.040 inches), less than about 0.089 cm (0.035 inches), less than about 0.076 cm (0.030 inches), less than about 0.0635 cm (0.025 inches), less than about 0.051 cm (0.020 inches), less than about 0.038 cm (0.015 inches) or less than about 0.025 cm (0.010 inches), as measured for example, before and / or after heating in accordance with ISO 251 or other test method. appropriate test.

The present inventors have recognized that the characteristics of the support (i.e. secondary support) of the carpet tile can substantially determine whether a particular carpet tile is dimensionally stable,

IMPI INSTITUTO MSXICANC nor the noniM '' MrMííT.r, even in adverse conditions. More particularly, the present inventors have discovered that a backing that is somewhat flexible tends to fall flatter on the installation surface, which helps to resist dimensional changes when exposed to adverse conditions.

In one aspect, the support can comprise a polymer that has an amorphous content of at least about 50%. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that having at least 50% amorphous polymer content in the support allows the polymer in the support to flow and adapt more easily to the conditions of the installation environment. . In each of several examples, the support polymer may have an amorphous content of at least about about 50% by weight, at least about 55% by weight, at least about 60% by weight, thus less about 65% by weight, at least about 70% by weight, at least about 75% by weight, at least about 80% by weight, at least about 85% by weight, so minus about 90% by weight, at least about 95% by weight. In another example, the support polymer can have an amorphous content of 100%.

In one example, the support polymer can comprise polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The present inventors have discovered that a support comprising PVB can be

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INSTITUTE ΜϋΧΙΟΛΝβ

OF THE PROHIBIT !; INDUSTRIAL particularly suitable for use to provide stability in a modular carpet system, even under adverse conditions. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the completely amorphous (ie, 100% amorphous) nature of PVB imparts inherent flexibility to the support. Additionally, the molecular weight of the PVB polymer is believed to be high enough to resist attack by moisture, plasticizers, and caustic environments. Still other possibilities are contemplated. An example of a commercially available support includes a polymer that is at least 50% amorphous is ETHOS® mosaic support, commercially available from Tandus Flooring, Inc. Ethos® carpet mosaic, comprising PVB, has been found to be dimensionally stable under adverse conditions, as will be further discussed hereinafter.

In other examples, the backing polymer can comprise modified polycarbonate, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), atactic polypropylene (a-PP), silicone elastomers, thermoplastic polyolefins, thermoplastic elastomers, bitumen, or any combination thereof. All such polymers can be at least 50% amorphous.

If desired, the support may include a filler in an amount of from about 40 to about 75% by weight of the

<img file="MX349253B_D0012.tif" />

IMPI mstitut · mmicanc • E LA MOnSBA »INBUSTKLAt support. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the presence of filler at this level imparts a degree of dimensional stability to the support that allows the mosaic to remain substantially flat, even under adverse conditions. In addition, the filler is believed to also help stabilize the amorphous polymer, which can sometimes exhibit poor cold flow performance (i.e., the distortion, deformation, or dimensional change that takes place in materials under continuous load at ambient temperatures). . Thus, the support may be better able to maintain its shape and dimensional stability, even under adverse conditions.

Thus, in each of several independent examples, the support may comprise, for example, from about 42 to about 65% by weight, from about 44 to about 60% by weight, from about 45 to about 55 % by weight, for example, about 48% or about 48.5% by weight filler, the balance comprises polymer or polymeric materials, such as at least 50% amorphous polymer described above. Any filler can be used, for example, calcium carbonate, coal fly ash, barium sulfate, talc, any other suitable material, or any combination thereof.

In addition, if desired, the support can include a plasticizer (that is, it can be externally plasticized).

<img file="MX349253B_D0013.tif" />

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INSTITUTO mwucano O * LA HhOHIBAD INDUSTRIAL

While countless plasticizers may be suitable, in one example, the plasticizer may comprise a C8 (eight carbon atoms) or greater alcohol based ester plasticizer.

In other examples, the support can comprise a polymer that can be less than 50% amorphous. For example, the polymer can be less than 40% amorphous, less than 30% amorphous, less than 20% amorphous, or less than 10% amorphous. In other words, the polymer can be at least about 10% amorphous, at least about 20% amorphous, at least about 30% amorphous, or at least about 40% amorphous. Examples of such polymers may include, but are not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate, thermoplastic polyurethane, poly (trimethylene terephthalate), polylactic acid, polyvinylidene chloride, ethylene vinyl acetate, thermoplastic polyolefin or other polyolefin, thermoplastic elastilo-acrylonomer, styrene-butadiene, nylon, styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylic, acrylic vinyl, acrylic styrene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, cork or rubber or rubber. Still other possibilities without counting are contemplated. Fillers with such materials can also be used, as described above.

Many adhesives may also be suitable for use with the modular carpet system, provided that the

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE

Say LA MOFIÍUA »INDUSTRIAL adhesive is stable, even when exposed to adverse installation conditions, as summarized above. The adhesive may also be suitable for use with externally plasticized supports.

In an exemplary embodiment, the adhesive may be silicone-based (for example, it may comprise a silicone-based polymer, silicone elastomer, modified silicone elastomer, silicone-based elastomer, etc.). Some examples of suitable silicone based adhesives have been evaluated in relation to various commercially available adhesive tapes including but not limited to SR336R release coated polyester silicone tape (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, WI), polyester tape Tesa 50600 with silicone-based adhesive (commercially available from Tesa SE), ARclad 6370 polyester tape with silicone-based adhesive (commercially available from Adhesives Research, Glen Rock, PA) and SC-4075 polyester tape with silicone-based adhesive (commercially available from Custom Adhesive Products, Racine, WI), each one of which is described in greater detail hereinafter. Other silicone-based adhesives without counting may also be appropriate.

In another exemplary embodiment, the adhesive may be urethane-based (for example, it may comprise polyurethane,

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ΙΝΤΠΤΙΓΤ · MMICAM • CLAFMMUBAO ιλ, ΓΗΙΤΤΒιΑΙ castor oil based urethane, urethane thermal melt, reactive polyurethane, etc.). Examples of urethane-based adhesives that may be suitable for use with the modular carpet system are Hauthane L2183 and Hauthane L3378, both commercially available from Hauthaway

Corporation, Lynn, MA). However, countless others may be appropriate.

In still other exemplary embodiments, the adhesive may be acrylic-based, modified acrylic, styrene-based (e.g., styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene acrylic), thermally melt-based ( e.g. rubber or rubber based hot melt, EVA, EVA based hot melt, urethane based hot melt), butadiene based (eg styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene-rubber or rubber), epoxy-based, rubber or rubber-based (for example, rubber or natural or synthetic rubber), modified rubber (rubber), cyanoacrylate, PVB, biopolymer-based (for example, castor oil based ethylene vinyl acetate or urethane copolymers). Additionally, any combination or copolymer of any of the above adhesives (including silicone-based and urethane-based adhesives) may be appropriate.

Before being exposed to adverse conditions (for

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IMP I ΙΝΤΓΓΠΓΓΟ MUICANL m la raonutA * industrial adhesive can in is greater around about de

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1.36 example, as summarized above), the general have an adhesive adhesion that Kgf (2.3 Ibf), for example, at least Kgf (2.5 Ibf), for example, at least

Kgf (3 Ibf), at least around 1.59 Kgf (3.5 Ibf), at least around 1.81 Kgf (4 Ibf), at least around 2.04 Kgf (4.5 Ibf), at least around 2.27 Kgf ( 5 Ibf), at least around 2.49 Kgf (5.5 Ibf), at least around 2.72 Kgf (6 Ibf), at least around 2.95 Kgf (6.5 Ibf), at least around 3.17 Kgf (7 Ibf ), at least around 3.4 Kgf (7.5 Ibf), at least around 3.63 Kgf (8 Ibf), at least around 3.86 Kgf (8.5 Ibf), at least around 4.08 Kgf (9 Ibf), at least around 4.31 Kgf (9.5 Ibf), at least around 4.54 Kgf (10 Ibf) or at least minus about 4.81 Kgf (10.6 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D2979 or any other appropriate test method. (To convert adhesive bond values ​​throughout this specification to Ibf / square inch, the value can be divided by the 4,258 cm probe area²(0.066 square inches).

After about one day, about 7 days, or about 14 days of exposure to one or more adverse conditions, as outlined above, adhesive adhesion can generally be greater than 0.59 Kgf (1.3 Ibf),

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0.68 Kgf (1.5 Ibf), 0.91 Kgf (2 Ibf), 1.13 Kgf (2.5 Ibf), 1.36 Kgf (3 Ibf), 1.59 Kgf (3.5 Ibf), 1.81 Kgf (4 Ibf), 2.04 Kgf (4.5 Ibf), 2.27 Kgf (5 Ibf), 2.49 Kgf (5.5 Ibf), 2.72 Kgf (6 Ibf), 2.95 Kgf (6.5 Ibf), 3.17 Kgf (7 Ibf), 3.40 Kgf (7.5 Ibf), 3.62 Kgf (8 Ibf), 3.86 Kgf (8.5 Ibf), 4.08 Kgf (9 Ibf), 4.31 Kgf (9.5 Ibf) or at least 4.54 Kgf (10 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D2979 or any other appropriate test method. However, other adhesive adhesion values ​​and ranges thereof are contemplated, depending on the adhesive used and the conditions to which the adhesive is exposed.

For example, after around 1 day, around 7 days, or around 14 days of being immersed in water, the adhesion of the adhesive can be greater than 0.60 Kgf (1.3 1bf), for example, at least around 0.68 (1.5 Ibf), at least around 0.91 Kgf (2 Ib-f), at least around 1.10 Kgf (2.4 Ib-f), at least around 1.13 Kgf (2.5 Ib-f), at least about 1.36 Kgf (3 Ib-f), at least about 1.59 (3.5 Ib-f), at least around 1.63 Kgf (3.6 Ib-f), at least around 1.81 Kgf (4 Ib-f), at least around 1.86 Kgf (4.1 Ib-b), at least around 2.04 Kgf ( 4.5 Ib-f), at least about 2.27 Kgf (5 Ib-f), at least about 2.40 (5.4 Ib-f), at least about 2.49 Kgf (5.5 Ib-f), at least about 2.72 Kgf (6

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Ib-f), at least around 2.95 Kgf (6.5 Ib-f), at least around 3.17 Kgf (7 Ib-f), at least around 3.4 (7.5 Ib-f), at least around 3.63 Kgf (8 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D2979 or any other appropriate test method.

After being immersed in water for about 1 day, about 7 days or about 14 days, the decrease in adhesive adhesion may be less than about 42.8% or less than about 43%, for example, less than about than 40%, less than about 35%, less than about 30%, less than about 28%, less than about 27.6%, less than about 25%, less than about 20%, less than about 15%, less than about 11%, less than about 11.3%, less than about 10%, less than about 7%, less than about 6.6% or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be increased adhesion after immersion in water for the specified period of time.

After around 1 day, around 7 days, or around 14 days of being immersed in a pH 12 solution, the adhesive adhesion can be greater than 0.68 Kgf (1.5 Ibf), for example, at least around 0.73 Kgf (1.6 ibf), at least around 0.91 Kgf (2 Ibf), at least around 1.13 Kgf (2.5 Ibf), at least around 1.22 Kgf (2.7 Ibf), at least around 1.36 Kgf (3 Ibf), at least around 1.45 Kgf (3.2 Ibf), at least around 1.59 Kgf (3.5 Ibf), at least around 1.63 Kgf (3.6 Ibf), at least around 1.81 Kgf (4 Ibf), at least around 1.86 Kgf (4.1 Ibf), at least less about 2.04 Kgf (4.5 Ibf), at least about 2.27 Kgf (5 Ibf), at least about 2.49 Kgf (5.5 Ibf), at least about 2.72 Kgf (6 Ibf), at least about of 2.95 Kgf (6.5 Ibf), at least around 3.17 Kgf (7 Ibf), at least about 3.40 Kgf (7.5 Ibf) or at least about 3.63 Kgf (8 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D2979 or any other appropriate test method.

Before being exposed to adverse conditions (for example, as outlined above), the adhesive may generally have a shear stress (i.e., overlapping shear strength) of from about 59 Kgf (130 Ibf) to about 91 Kgf ( 200 Ibf), for example, from around 63.5 Kgf (140 Ibf) to around 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), for example around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), when adhered to various surfaces and measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. (To convert the overlapping shear strength adhesion values ​​throughout this specification to Ibf / square inch, the value can be divided by the

<img file="MX349253B_D0016.tif" />

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INSTITUTO MUICAN · Di LA HtOMIDAD INDUSTRIAL contact area of ​​38.7 cm² (6 inches) square). In other embodiments, the shear strength of the adhesive may be at least about 59 Kgf (13 0 Ibf), for example, at least about 63.5 Kgf (140

Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 lbf), at least around 73 Kgf (160 lbf), at least around 74 Kgf (163 lbf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 lbf) , at least about 82 Kgf (180 lbf), at least about 86 Kgf (190 lbf), or at least about 91 Kgf (200 lbf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified in present) or any other appropriate test method, prior to exposure to adverse conditions.

After about a day of exposure to one or more adverse conditions, as outlined above, the shear strength of the adhesive can be greater than 44 Kgf (98 lbf), for example, at least about 45.4 Kgf (100 lbf), at least around 50 Kgf (110 lbf), at least around 54 Kgf (12 0 lbf), at least around 59 Kgf (13 0 lbf), at least around 63.5 Kgf (140 lbf), at least about 68 Kgf (150 lbf), at least around 73 Kgf (160 lbf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 lbf), at least around 82 Kgf (180 lbf), at least around 86 Kgf (190 lbf) or at least minus about 91 Kgf (200 lbf), as is

<img file="MX349253B_D0017.tif" />

IMPI iNtTfTUTUMWUCANC

M LA PMHiBA · INDUSTRIAL measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method.

After about 7 days of exposure to one or more adverse conditions, as outlined above, the shear strength of the adhesive can be greater than 38 Kgf (84 Ibf), for example, at least about 41 Kgf (90 Ibf), for example, at least about 45.4 Kgf (100 Ibf), at least about 50 Kgf (110 Ibf), at least about 54.4 Kgf (120 Ibf), at least about 59 Kgf ( 130 Ibf), for example, at least around 63.5 Kgf (140 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least around 72.6 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least around 77 Kgf (17 0 Ibf) or by at least about 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about 14 days of exposure to one or more adverse conditions, as outlined above, the shear strength of the adhesive can be greater than 48 Kgf (106 Ibf), for example, at least about 50 Kgf (110 Ibf), at least around 54 Kgf (12 0 Ibf), at least around 5 9 Kgf (130 Ibf), for example, at least around 63.5 Kgf (140 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least about 73 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least about 77 Kgf (17 0 Ibf) or at least about 82

<img file="MX349253B_D0018.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA EROHEDA »INDUSTRIAL

Kgf (180 lbf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. However, other values ​​and ranges of shear force are contemplated, depending on the adhesive used and the conditions to which the adhesive is exposed.

For example, after about a day of being submerged in water, the shear strength may be greater than 40 Kgf (109 Ib), for example, at least about 50 Kgf (110 lbf), at least around 54 Kgf (120 lbf), at least around 59 Kgf (130 lbf), at least around 63.5 Kgf (140 lbf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 lbf), at least around 72 Kgf (158 lbf), at least about 72.6 Kgf (160 lbf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 lbf), at least around 82 Kgf (180 lbf), at least around 86 Kgf (190 lbf) or at least around 91 Kgf (200 lbf), as is measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about a day of being submerged in water, the shear strength may decrease less than 27.4%, for example, less than about 27%, less than about 25%, for example, less than about 20% , less than about 15%, less than about 10%, less than about 6.9%, less than about 5.1%, less than

<img file="MX349253B_D0019.tif" />

IMPI

MEXICAN INHITUTE

K LA «OWIDAL TNWSTRlAi about 5% or less than about 4%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be increased adhesion after being soaked in water for about a day.

After around 7 days of being submerged in water, the shear strength can be greater than 38 Kgf (84 Ibf), for example, at least around 41 Kgf (90 Ibf), at least around 45.4 Kgf (100 Ibf), at least around 50 Kg (110 Ibf), at least around 54 Kgf (120 Ibf), at least around 55 Kgf (122 Ibf), at least around 59 Kgf (130 Ibf), at least about 63.5 Kgf (140 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least around 72 Kgf (158 Ibf), at least around 72.6 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), so minus about 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), at least about 83.5 Kgf (184 Ibf), at least about 86.2 Kgf (190 Ibf) or at least about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about 7 days of being submerged in water, the shear strength may decrease less than 43.9%, for example, less than about 43%, less than about 40%, less than about 35%, less than about 30%, less than about 25%, less than

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX349253B_D0020.tif" />

about 20%, less than about 18.9%, less than about 15%, less than about 10%, or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be an increase in adhesion after being immersed in water for about 7 days.

After around 14 days of being submerged in water, the shear strength can be greater than 51 Kgf (112 Ibf), for example, at least around 54 Kgf (120 Ibf), at least around 59 Kgf (130 Ibf), at least around 63.5 Kgf (14 0 Ibf), at least around 64.9 Kgf (143 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least around 72.6 Kgf ( 160 Ibf), at least about 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), at least around 82 Kgf (18 0 Ibf), at least around 85 Kgf (187 Ibf), at least around 86 Kgf (190 Ibf) or at least around 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as It is measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about 14 days of being immersed in water, the shear strength may decrease less than 25.6%, for example, less than about 25%, less than about 20%, less than about 15%, less than about 10% or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be an increase in adhesion after being immersed in

<img file="MX349253B_D0021.tif" />

IMPI INSTITUTO MLXICAN · Ot LA PUOF1EUA »INDUSTRIAL water for about 14 days.

As another example, after about a day of being immersed in a high pH solution (for example, about 12), the shear strength of the adhesive may be greater than 44 Kgf (98 Ibf), for example, by at least around 45.4 Kgf (100 Ibf), at least around 50 Kgf (110 Ibf), at least around 54 Kgf (12 0 Ibf), at least around 59 Kgf (13 0 Ibf), for at least about 63.5 Kgf (14 0 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least around 72 Kgf (158 Ibf), at least around 72.6 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), so minus about 80 Kgf (177 Ibf), at least about 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), at least about 86 Kgf (190 Ibf) or at least about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about a day of being immersed in a high pH solution (for example, about 12), the decrease in shear force may be less than 35.1%, for example, less than about 35%, less than about 3 0%, less than about 25%, less than about 20%, less than about 18.9%, less than about 15%, less than about 10%, less than about 8.7%, less than about 5.4% or less than about 5%. In some

<img file="MX349253B_D0022.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO DI LA ηθΗί »ΑΓ

INDUSTRY * Examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be an increase in adhesion after being immersed in a high pH solution for about a day.

After about 7 days of being immersed in a high pH solution (for example, around 12), the shear strength of the adhesive can be greater than 40.4 Kgf (89 Ibf), for example, at least around 41 Kgf (90 Ibf), at least around 45.4 Kgf (100 Ibf), at least around 50 Kgf (110 Ibf), at least around 54.4 Kgf (120 Ibf), at least around 56.2 Kgf (124 Ibf), at least about 59 Kgf (130 Ibf), at least around 63.5 Kgf (140 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least around 73 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), so less about 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), at least about 86 Kgf (190 Ibf), at least about 88 Kgf (194 Ibf), or at least about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about 7 days of being immersed in a high pH solution (for example, about 12), the decrease in shear force may be less than 41.1%, for example, less than about 41%, less than about 4 0%, less than about 35%, less than about 30%, less than about 25%, less than about 20%, less

IMPIAS

MKXICAN INSTITUTE

OF. LA ΜΟΜΕΟΑΓ Q «rb ^ W INDUSTRIAL about 18.7%, less than about 17.8%, less than about 15%, less than about 10% or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be an increase in adhesion after being immersed in a high pH solution for about 7 days.

After about 14 days of being immersed in a high pH solution (for example, around 12), the shear strength of the adhesive can be greater than 48.1 Kgf (106 Ibf), for example, at least around 50 Kgf (110 Ibf), at least around 53 Kg (117 Ibf), at least around 54.4 Kgf (120 Ibf), at least around 59 Kgf (130 Ibf), at least around 63.5 Kgf (140 Ibf), at least around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least around 73 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), at least around 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), at least around 85 Kg (188 Ibf), so minus about 86 Kgf (190 Ibf), at least about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about 14 days of being immersed in a high pH solution (for example, about 12), the decrease in shear force may be less than 29.5%, for example, less than about 29%, less than about 25%, less than about 22.1%, less than

IMPI ^ ΐΝίτττυτο Mexican

Μ INDUSTWAI T EROHETY— about 20%, less than about 15.3%, less than about 15%, less than about 10%, or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be an increase in adhesion after being immersed in a high pH solution for about 14 days.

As another example, after about a day of exposure to water vapor (e.g. 100% relative humidity), the shear strength of the adhesive can be greater than 70 Kgf (155 Ibf), for example, so less about 73 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least about 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), at least about 80.3 Kgf (177 Ibf), at least about 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), at least about of 86 Kgf (190 Ibf) or at least about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about a day, 7 or 14 days of exposure to water vapor (for example, 100% relative humidity), the shear strength of the adhesive can be at least about 90 Ibf, for example, by at least around 100 Ibf, at least around 102.7 Kg (6 Ibf), at least around 15 Kg (11 Ibf), at least around 14.5 Kg (10 Ibf), at least around 120 Ibf , at least around 59.0 Kgf (130 Ibf), at least about 140 Ibf, or at least

IMPI ^

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

Ot LA MtOMBLIA · V * - INOUST1UA1 minus about 150 Ibf, as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about a day, about 7 days, or about 14 days of exposure to water vapor (for example, 100% relative humidity), the decrease in shear force may be less than about 35%, for example , less than about 30%, less than about 29.8%, less than about 25.9%, less than about 25%, less than about 20%, less than about 15%, less than about 10% or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be increased adhesion after being exposed to steam for the specified amount of time.

As another example, after about a day of exposure to highly alkaline vapor (e.g. pH 12), the shear strength of the adhesive can be at least about 68 Kgf (150 Ibf), at least 70 Kgf (154 Ibf), at least 70.3 Kgf (155 Ibf), at least around 73 Kgf (160 Ibf), at least around 77 Kgf (170 Ibf), at least around 82 Kgf (180 Ibf), at least about 86 Kgf (190 Ibf) or at least about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After

<img file="MX349253B_D0023.tif" />

about 7 to 14 days of exposure to a highly steam

IMPI

ΙΝΓΠΤυΤ · MiXICANC

OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY alkaline (e.g. pH 12), the shear strength of the adhesive can be at least about

Kgf (90 lbf), for example, at least about 45.4

Kgf (loo lbf), at least around 50 Kgf (110 lbf), at least around 52 Kgf (114 lbf), at least around 53 Kgf (117 lbf), at least around 54.4

Kgf (120 lbf), at least about 59 Kgf (130 l bf), at least about 63.5 Kgf (140 lbf), or at least about 68 Kgf (150 lbf), as measured using ASTM D3654 (as is modified herein) or any other appropriate test method. After about a day, about 7 days, or about 14 days of exposure to highly alkaline steam (for example pH 12), the decrease in shear force may be less than about 35%, for example less than about 30%, less than about 25%, less than about 24.1%, less than about 22%, less than about 20%, less than about 15%, less than about 10% or less than about 5%. In some examples, there may be no loss of adhesion or there may be an increase in adhesion after being exposed to steam for the specified amount of time.

The adhesive component of the system can be provided in a variety of different ways and / or can be provided

<img file="MX349253B_D0024.tif" />

IMPI ιμττγπ / τ »μμμ&gt; ν · κ la runsBAe

INBUST1UAI using various carriers or vehicles, some of which are described herein.

In one embodiment, the adhesive may comprise a portion of a fastener, eg, an adhesive tape. The fastener, eg tape, may generally be operative to maintain the tiles in a connected or attached condition, even when the tiles are installed in an adverse installation environment, as described above.

The tape may generally include a plurality of layers in overlapping relationship, facing each other.The tape may have a first side (e.g., face or surface) of the tape that is to be in contact with the bottom surface (that is , bottom side) of one or more tiles and a second side (for example, face or surface) of the tape that is to be close to the floor (for example, in contact with the floor or any sub-floor arranged on the floor) .

For example, in a first embodiment, the tape may comprise a single-sided adhesive tape, in which adhesive (for example, adhesive material) is disposed or supported on one side (for example, a first side that contacts with mosaic) from a substrate. In service, the tape can be positioned such that the adhesive side of the tape is facing up with the adhesive in contact with the underside (that is, the

IMPI ^

Mrrrruro muucan κ la nom »AB Cn * 3L4

INDUSTRIAL support) of the mosaics. The tape can generally span through at least one seam between two or more tiles (or at the butt-joint corners of two or more tiles, for example four tiles) to connect or join the tiles together to provide sufficient stability to withstand normal foot traffic without adhering tile to the underlying surface. Bonded tiles generally serve as a unitary textile or mat that floats on the floor, such that the bonded tiles can be collectively repositioned on the floor. Additionally, when necessary or desired, one or more individual tiles can be repositioned, replaced, reconfigured, or otherwise altered without causing damage to the floor surface.

The adhesive can comprise any suitable adhesive, such as those described above. The level of adhesion can be semi-permanent (releasable with some effort) or non-permanent (that is, easily releasable), such that the adhesive is strong enough to adhere the tape to the mosaic backing, but not so strong that the tape cannot be detached from the tile and / or repositioned without destruction or delamination of the tape (ie, loss of adhesion between the adhesive and the substrate). In other modalities, the level of adherence can be permanent (not releasable).

The adhesive material may be a substantially

<img file="MX349253B_D0025.tif" />

continuous, or it may be a discontinuous layer (for example, a

IMPI

INSTITUTO MiXíCANC μ la noriWA »INDUSTRIAL random or non-random adhesive pattern). In this and other embodiments, the adhesive may have any appropriate coating weight or thickness, for example, from about 0.63 mm (0.25 thousandths of an inch) to about 0.127 mm (5 thousandths of an inch), for example, from about 0.025 mm (1 thousandth of an inch) to about 0.10 mm (4 thous andths of an inch), for example, from about 0.06 mm (2.5 thousandths of an inch) to about 0.9 mm (3.5 mil). However, other appropriate thicknesses and ranges thereof can be used.

In this and other embodiments, the substrate may generally comprise a polymeric film, paper, metallic foil, or any other suitable material. In an exemplary embodiment, the substrate may comprise a polyester film (eg, polyethylene terephthalate). In other embodiments, the substrate can comprise thermoplastic polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, poly (trimethylene terephthalate), polystyrene, polylactic acid, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyolefin or other polyolefin, polyvinylidene chloride, and / or polypropylene. Other possibilities without counting are contemplated. In addition, the substrate can have any appropriate thickness, for example, from about 0.0063 mm (0.25 mils) to about 0.18 mm (7

IMPI

INSTITUI * MEXICANO κ la Hn&gt; m »A» O ^ 3u

INDUSTRIAL ^M ~ thousandths of an inch), for example, from around 0.025 mm (1 thousandth of an inch) to around 0.13 mm (5 thousandths of an inch), for example, from around 0.076 mm (3 thousandths of an inch) to around 0.10 mm (4 thousandths of an inch), for example, about 0.09 mm (3.5 thousandths of an inch). However, other appropriate thicknesses and ranges thereof are contemplated.

Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the tape may comprise about 0.063 mm (2.5 mils) of silicone adhesive disposed on a polyester film substrate of about 0.1016 mm (4 mils). In another exemplary embodiment, the tape may comprise a about 0.09 mm (3.5 mil) silicone adhesive disposed on a about 0.10 mm (4 mil) polyester film substrate. However, numerous variations are contemplated.

In general, the substrate must have a tensile strength that is sufficient to resist stretching under typical loads. In one example, the substrate may have a tensile str ength from about 4 Kgf (20 Ibf) to about 8 Kgf (40 Ibf), for example from about 5 Kgf (25 Ibf) to about 7 Kgf (32 Ibf), for example, about 5.5 Kg (27 Ibf) of force as measured using ASTM D882. However, other possibilities are

IMPI ^

INSTITUTO MEXICANO pe la morisDAr

INDUSTRIE contemplated.

In another exemplary embodiment, the tape of the first embodiment may include a slip resistant material on a second side that contacts the floor of the tape. The slip resistant material can generally be operative to prevent movement of the tape (and any carpet tiles attached to the tape) over the installation surface, such that the carpet tiles remain substantially in position without the need for a permanent adhesive, even under adverse installation conditions. While the weight of the carpet tiles (and any items placed on the tiles) can provide sufficient resistance to undesirable movement of the attached tiles, it is contemplated that addition al slip resistance may be desirable in some installations.

The slip resistant material can be of any suitable composition. Appropriate slip resistant materials can in general be characterized as having a sufficiently high coefficient of friction such that a carpet tile laid on a floor surface resists lateral movement when subjected to foot traffic, but also does not substantially adhere. to the floor surface. For example, appropriate slip resistant materials can

ΙΜ ΡΙ &amp;

INSTITUTO MEXICAN ·

Μ THE NOMEDAL fNOUSTRlAi ~~ have a coefficient of friction of at least around 0.5, at least around 0.6, at least around 0.7 or at least around 0.8. The slip resistant material must also generally resist pick-up of dirt or other substances from the floor surface that can impede the slip resistance of the carpet tile. In this way, the carpet tiles remain in position during normal use, but can be easily lifted from the floor surface and repositioned repeatedly without a substantial decrease in slip resistance. In addition, in some embodiments, the slip resistant coating may be capable of being wiped or rinsed to remove any minimal debris or particles prior to drying and replacing the carpet tile.

Examples of materials that may be suitable include, but are not limited to, a low tack non-permanent adhesive (such as those described above), a natural or synthetic polymeric material having a sufficiently high coefficient of friction (such as for example, polyolefin coatings, natural rubber (natural rubber) coatings, acrylic coatings, any other suitable material or any combination thereof), a protective material, a foam or other cushioning material, any other material

<img file="MX349253B_D0026.tif" />

IMPI iMirmn · MVUCAMF oílamowm »appropriate industmai, or any combination of materials. Any such material should ideally also be capable of withstanding any adverse conditions in which the tape is installed.

The slip resistant material can be continuous or discontinuous and can be arranged over all or a portion of the backing. In some embodiments, a primer (where necessary) can be placed between the slip resistant material and the backing.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the adhesive may be disposed on the second side that contacts the floor of the tape and the slip resistant material (eg, an anti-skid material or the like) may be disposed on the first. side that contacts the side of the tape. The slip resistant material may comprise any appropriate material operative to restrict movement of the tile relative to the tape and to any other tile with which the tape is in contact (i.e., any attached tile), such as those described in connection with the second mode. Any such material should ideally also be capable of withstanding any adverse conditions in which the tape is installed. In this example, the tape could be placed along the seams or it could be spaced from the seams below the

<img file="MX349253B_D0027.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO MLAnonUMÜ INDUSTRIAL mosaic.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the tape may comprise a double-sided adhesive tape, in which adhesive is disposed on both the first and second sides of the substrate. The adhesive on each side can be the same or it can differ, as necessary for a particular application. For example, the peel strength and / or shear strength of the adhesive in contact with the tile may be greater than the peel strength and / or shear strength of the adhesive in contact with the floor. As another example, the peel strength and / or shear strength of the adhesive in contact with the tile may be less than the peel strength and / or the shear strength of the adhesive in contact with the floor. The adhesive in contact with the floor can be permanent, semi-permanent or it can be non-permanent, such that the tiles can be removed and / or replaced without damaging the floor. The tape can be placed along the seams or it can be spaced from the seams under the tile.

It will be appreciated that the above embodiments are exemplary only and that various other embodiments contemplated by this disclosure have fewer or more layers, as necessary for a particular application.

Examples of tapes that may be appropriate in the formation of any of the above modalities

<img file="MX349253B_D0028.tif" />

include, but are not limited to (the values ​​of the

IMPI and MEXICAN NSTITUTE

DF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY properties indicated are approximate):

release coated polyester silicone tape

SR336R (2.5 mils (0.06 mm) silicone based adhesive on 3 mils (0.076 mm) release coated polyester film (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, WI), Tesa 50600 polyester tape with silicone-based adhesive (3.1 mils (0.079 mm) total thickness, 36.5 oz. (1.036 mi) / 1 inch (2.54 cm) peeled 180 degrees to steel, 110% elongation, 18.6 Kg (41.1 Ib) / 2.54 cm (1 inch) of tensile strength, as supplied by the manufacturer) (commercially available from Tesa SE), ARclad 6370 Polyester Tape with Silicone-based Adhesive (Adhesive based on 0.069 mm (2.7 mils) - 0.076 mm (3 mils) silicone on 0.025 mm (1 mils) polyester film, for a total thickness of 0.094 mm (3.7 mils) - 0.10 mm (4 mils)) (commercially available from Adhesives Research, Glen Rock, PA) and SC-4075 polyester tape with silicone-based adhesive (adhesive 1.5 mils (0.0.38 mm) silicone based on 2 mils (0.051 mm) polyester film, for a total thickness of 0.09 mm

<img file="MX349253B_D0029.tif" />

(3.5 thousandths of an inch), which is 1,136 mi (40 oz) /2.54

IMPI

INSTITUTO MU1CANO BE LA KORHMD INMUSTUAL cm (1 inch) peeled to steel at 180 degrees, 170% elongation, 25 Kg (55 Ib) / 2.54 cm (1 inch) tensile strength, as supplied by the manufacturer) (commercially available from Custom Adhesive

Products, Racine, WI).

If desired, the tape can be provided with a release liner on one or both sides of the tape, for example, where one or both of the layers comprises an adhesive material or cling material. Although countless materials can be used for such coatings, in an exemplary embodiment, one or both coatings may comprise a coated paper, eg, a polyolefin- or fluoropolymer coated paper. In still other examples, one or both of the release coatings may comprise a polymeric film with or without a release coating, for example, a fluoropolymer coated PET film. Still alternatively, one or both of the release liners may be omitted in some embodiments.

The tape can be provided in any appropriate shape or configuration. In one embodiment, the tape can be wound onto a roll. The tape can be provided with one or more release layers, as described above or

<img file="MX349253B_D0030.tif" />

IMPI can be self-wound in such a way that no

Muicam® INSTITUTE OF THE HlOHBlM · INDUSTRY!

release layer. In one example, the tape can be self-wound using a raw polyester film substrate. In another example, the tape can be self-wound using a release treated polymeric film substrate.

The tape can be provided with areas of weakness, for example perforation or slagging lines that facilitate the separation of pieces of tape having predetermined dimensions.

In another embodiment, the tape can be provided in the form of a sheet. The sheet can include one or more release layers, as described above. The sheet can be provided with areas of weakness in the tape and / or release layer (s), for example, perforation or slagging lines that facilitate separation of the sheet into pieces of tape having predetermined dimensions.

In yet another embodiment, the tape can be pre-cut into pieces having specified dimensions. Such pieces can have any appropriate shape, for example, circles, rectangles, squares, crosses, and so on. The pieces of tape can be provided with one or more release layers, as described above, or they can be configured without a release layer.

In yet another embodiment, the tape can be pre-attached

<img file="MX349253B_D0031.tif" />

at least partially to carpet tiles.

For example, sheets or disks of tape can be at least partially attached to a modular floor tile using pressure, adhesive, ultrasonic frequency welding, radio frequency welding, heat, electron beam radiation, UV radiation, laser or radiation treatment. plasma.

In yet another embodiment, the substrate can be provided in a rolled, sheet, pre-cut, and / or pre-attached form and the adhesive and / or slip resistant material (s) can be applied or formed in situ using a brush, roller, spray bottle, squeeze tube, portable mixing unit, spray gun, or any appropriate device or technique, as the carpet tiles are installed.

In another embodiment, the adhesive can be self-supporting or self-supporting (that is, unsupported), such that it does not need to be supported or mounted on a polymer film or other substrate in use (the adhesive can be provided onto a temporary carrier sheet by providing it to the user). The self-supporting adhesive fastener may generally comprise a double-sided adhesive, with one side or portion that contacts the underside of the carpet tile and one side or portion that contacts the installation. Any adhesive

<img file="MX349253B_D0032.tif" />

appropriate may be used, such as those described

IMPI

MSXICAN INSTITUTE

FROM THE η · η »Α · iNousnuAi above. Both sides of the unsupported adhesive fastener may comprise the same material or different materials and / or may have different levels of adhesion or adhesion.

The self-supporting adhesive fastener may have a rectangular, circular or dot shape, oval shape, zigzag shape or any other appropriate shape or configuration. The self-supporting adhesive can be for use with one tile or more than one tile, such that the self-supporting adhesive can be used to bond the carpet tile to the installation surface and optionally to each other (for example, to the extend through adjacent carpet tile seams or corners). Any number and / or configuration of such bras can be worn, depending on the size and shape of the bra. In one example, the adhesive may comprise dots that have a diameter of from about 0.635 cm (0.25 inches) to about 5 cm (2 inches), for example, from about 1.3 cm (0.5 inches) to about 2.5 cm ( 1 inch). However, countless other possibilities are contemplated, a release liner can be provided to protect the adhesive.

In still another embodiment, the adhesive may be provided as a pre-applied coating over all or a

IMPI

INSTITUTO MíXICANO M LA portion of the mosaic support. Any suitable adhesive can be used, such as those described above. While countless possibilities are contemplated, in some embodiments, the dry coating weight can be from 7.1 mi (0.25 ounces) / square yard to 142 mi (5 ounces) / square yard, for example, about 14 mi (1.5 ounces) to 57 mi (2 ounces) / square yard. If desired, a release liner can be provided to protect the adhesive.

The present invention can be further understood in light of the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way. All values ​​are approximate, unless otherwise indicated. When a sample was not tested, the data is represented in the tables with NT. When a product could not be tested due to failures or otherwise, the data is represented in the tables with an asterisk (*).

EXAMPLE 1

The dimensional stability of various carpet mosaic supports was evaluated under various adverse conditions. Three types of support were evaluated: (1) Ethos® PVB carpet mosaic support (Tandus Flooring, Inc.), (2) ER3® PVC carpet mosaic support (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) and (3) support ER3® PVC Carpet Mosaic

IMPI

INSTITUTE MBXJCAN · üí INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY modified (manufactured with alternative recycled carpet content) (Tandus Flooring, Inc.). The brackets were cut into squares of about 5 cm (2 inches) x 5 cm (2 inches). The weight and thickness of each sample was recorded. The experimental samples were subjected to the water immersion test n = 5). Water vapor exposure test (n = 4), highly alkaline immersion test (n = 4) and highly alkaline vapor exposure test (n = 4), as follows:

Highly alkaline immersion test / water immersion test: The samples were placed in a container about 32.4 cm (12.75 inches) x 29 cm (11.5 inches) x 13 cm (5 inches). The container was filled with about 5 cm (2 inches) of either (1) a solution having a pH of around 12 (prepared by dissolving sodium hydroxide in tap water or tap water) (for testing highly alkaline immersion), or (2) water (for the water immersion test). The container was filled with enough liquid to cover the samples. The samples were weighed using a piece of aluminum of about 25 cm (9.75 inches) x 4.4 cm (1.75 inches) x 0.40 cm (0.16 inches). The container was then hermetically covered with plastic wrap. The container was kept at room temperature during the tests.

<img file="MX349253B_D0033.tif" />

Highly alkaline vapor exposure test / Test

IMPI • &lt;«TTTUTO MiüUCANí

1NIHI $ TWIA1 from exposure to water vapor: Large sponges (about 19 cm (7.5 inches) x 13 cm (5 inches) x 5 cm (2 inches)) were placed inside a container about 32 cm ( 12.75 inches) x 29 cm (11.5 inches) x 12.7 cm (5 inches). The container was filled with about 5 cm (2 inches) of either (1) a solution that has a pH of 12 (prepared by dissolving sodium hydroxide in tap water or tap water) (for the exposure test highly alkaline steam) or (2) water (for the water vapor exposure test). The samples were placed on top of the sponges to prevent direct contact with the liquid. Then the container was tightly covered with plastic wrap. The container was kept at room temperature during the tests. Due to the large amount of condensation on the plastic cover film, the relative humidity inside the container is believed to be 100%.

Control samples (n = 2) were kept at ambient conditions. The weight of each sample was measured after 1, 7, and 14 days of exposure, after which the sample was returned to its respective test environment for further evaluation. The results (averages) are presented in Tables 1-3. Comparative data for the various supports after exposure to each condition. -&gt;

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ΙΝΓΓΓΤυΤυ MEXICAN Λ

ΟΕ ADVERSE INDUSTRIAL KORIETY are presented in Tables 4-7. In general, dimensionally stable materials can exhibit no more than about 10% mass loss and no more than about 5% mass gain. However, it is contemplated that some materials may fall outside of this range and still be dimensionally stable.

Table 1 - Dimensional stability of PVB Ethos® carpet mosaic support

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 7.6</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 1.2</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 2.2</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 8.8</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 9.0</td><td> 2.7</td><td> 8.9</td><td> 2.5</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 7.8</td><td> 1.2</td><td> 7.9</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 7.8</td><td> 1.5</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 7.8</td><td> 7.9</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 8.0</td><td> 3.0</td><td> 8.1</td><td> 3.7</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 7.6</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 1.2</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 2.2</td>

Table 2 - Dimensional stability of ER3® PVC carpet mosaic support

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 8.6</td><td> 8.6</td><td> 0.0</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 8.6</td><td> -0.1</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 1.7</td><td> 8.9</td><td> 4.7</td><td> 9.1</td><td> 6.7</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 8.4</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 0.8</td><td> 8.6</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 1.0</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 8.4</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 8.8</td><td> 5.6</td><td> 9.0</td><td> 7.8</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 0.6</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 2.6</td><td> 8.8</td><td> 3.8</td>

<img file="MX349253B_D0034.tif" />

Table 3 - Dimensional stability of the jd ^ jjyg ^ aicti-da support.

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ΙΝΓΠΤυΤΟ M &amp; XICANO DE LA FHOntDAD INDUSTRIAL modified PVC ER3® carpet

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 9.1</td><td> 8.8</td><td> -3.7</td><td> 9.1</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 9.1</td><td> -0.1</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 9.0</td><td> 9.2</td><td> 2.3</td><td> 9.6</td><td> 7.3</td><td> 9.9</td><td> 10.8</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 9.1</td><td> 9.2</td><td> 1.0</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 2.8</td><td> 9.3</td><td> 2.1</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 9.7</td><td> 2.8</td><td> 10.2</td><td> 8.0</td><td> 10.6</td><td> 12.</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 9.3</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 1.1</td><td> 9.6</td><td> 3.1</td><td> 9.7</td><td> 4.2</td>

Table 4 - Dimensional stability of various substrates after immersion in water

<td rowspan="2">Support</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 8.8</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 9.0</td><td> 2.7</td><td> 8.9</td><td> 2.5</td>

<td>ER3® PVC</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 1.7</td><td> 8.9</td><td> 4.7</td><td> 9.1</td><td> 6.7</td>

<td>Modified ER3® PVC</td><td> 9.0</td><td> 9.2</td><td> 2.3</td><td> 9.6</td><td> 7.3</td><td> 9.9</td><td> 10.8</td>

As shown in Table 4, the PVB support showed some initial increase in mass after 7 days of immersion in water, but was released after this. In sharp contrast, PVC supports continued to increase in mass over time, commonly leading to support waviness and subsequent installation failure.

<img file="MX349253B_D0035.tif" />

Table 5 - Dimensional stability of various supports after

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ΙΜΤΓΠΠΟ MlXlCANf²OF THE INDUSTRIAL MOHÍDAL immersion in solution at pH 12

<td rowspan="2">Support</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 7.8</td><td> 7.9</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 8.0</td><td> 3.0</td><td> 8.1</td><td> 3.7</td>

<td>ER3® PVC</td><td> 8.4</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 8.8</td><td> 5.6</td><td> 9.0</td><td> 7.8</td>

<td>Modified ER3® PVC</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 9.7</td><td> 2.8</td><td> 10.2</td><td> 8.0</td><td> 10.6</td><td> 12.0</td>

As indicated in Table 5, the PVB support showed very little initial increase in mass after 14 days of immersion in water. In sharp contrast, the PVC supports showed a sharp increase in mass after 7 days and continued to increase in mass after 14 days. In general, the PVB sample absorbed significantly less solution at pH 12 than the PVC samples.

Table 6 - Dimensional stability of various substrates after exposure to water vapor

<td rowspan="2">Support</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>PVB Ethos®</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 7.8</td><td> 1.2</td><td> 7.9</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 7.8</td><td> 1.5</td>

<td>PVC ER3®</td><td> 8.4</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 0.8</td><td> 8.6</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 1.0</td>

<td>Modified ER3® PVC</td><td> 9.1</td><td> 9.2</td><td> 1.0</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 2.8</td><td> 9.3</td><td> 2.1</td>

As shown in Table 6, the percent mass change was similar for each of the three samples. This is not completely unexpected due to the duration

<img file="MX349253B_D0036.tif" />

relatively short test and relatively low mass

IMPI ΐΝΓπτυτ · msxkanc • E LA FMHKAt. IN * l) mUAI of water vapor to which the samples were exposed. However, it will be noted that even with this relatively low increase in mass, the PVC samples curled upward, while the PVB support samples remained flat.

Table 7 - Dimensional stability of various substrates after exposure to pH 12 vapor

<td rowspan="2">Support</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>g</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td><td>g</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>PVB Ethos®</td><td> 7.6</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 1.2</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 7.7</td><td> 2.2</td>

<td>PVC ER3®</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 0.6</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 2.6</td><td> 8.8</td><td> 3.8</td>

<td>Modified ER3® PVC</td><td> 9.3</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 1.1</td><td> 9.6</td><td> 3.1</td><td> 9.7</td><td> 4.2</td>

As indicated in Table 7, the PVB support showed very little initial increase in mass after 14 days of immersion in water. The PVC supports exhibited a greater increase in mass after 14 days. The PVC samples also curled upward during the test, while the PVB support samples remained flat.

EXAMPLE 2

The dimensional stability of various carpet mosaics was evaluated using the International Standard

<img file="MX349253B_D0037.tif" />

ISO 2551 (IMPI Machine-Made Textile Floor Coverings

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Determination of dimensional changes due to the effects of varied water and heat conditions) (also referred to as the Aachen test), in which samples are heated in an oven at 60 ° C (14 0 ° F) for 2 hours, submerged in water for 2 hours, then heated in an oven at 60 ° C (140 ° F) again for 2 hours. Before and after testing in accordance with ISO 2551, the samples were also evaluated for planar stability, which includes taking eight measurements of the distance that the mosaic is displaced from a horizontal surface, averaging the results, and ranking the results accordingly. with the following scale:

= flat

0.001-0.078 = 4 corrugations / 6 domes

0.079-0.156 = 3 corrugations / 7 domes

0.157-0.234 = 2 corrugations / 8 domes

0.235 or more = 1 ripples / 9 domes

The target for the planar stability test is less than or equal to 1.98 mm (0.078 inches).

Ethos® PVB-backed carpet mosaic (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) (n = 100) was evaluated. The results were averaged, as presented in Table 8. The Ethos® PVB-backed carpet mosaic samples remained substantially flat, even after being subjected to

<img file="MX349253B_D0038.tif" />

Table 8 - Dimensional changes and planar stability of

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carpet mosaic with PVB Ethos® backing

<td colspan="6">ISO 2551 (Ain)</td><td colspan="4">Planar stability</td>

<td colspan="3">MD</td><td colspan="3">CD</td><td colspan="2">Before heating in an oven at 60 ° C (140 ° F)</td><td colspan="2">After heating in an oven at 60 ° C (140 ° F)</td>

<td>East</td><td>Center</td><td>West</td><td>East</td><td>Center</td><td>West</td><td>Flat</td><td>Dome / wave</td><td>Flat</td><td>Dome / ripple</td>

<td> 0.01</td><td> 0.007</td><td> 0.002</td><td> 0</td><td> -0</td><td> -0.01</td><td rowspan="2"> 0.071</td><td rowspan="2"> 6.39</td><td rowspan="2"> 0.031</td><td rowspan="2"> 5.08</td>

<td colspan="3">Average = 0.01</td><td colspan="3">Average = 0</td>

EXAMPLE 3

The dimensional stability of various carpet mosaic substrates was evaluated under high humidity conditions using a controlled humidity chamber in which the relative humidity both below and above the sample is controlled. The samples (n = 2) were exposed to both around 90 and around 97% relative humidity below the mosaic (in different tests) and around 50% relative humidity above the mosaic for at least 6 months.

Two types of carpet tiles were evaluated: (1) Ethos® PVB-backed carpet tile (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) and (2) ER3® PVC-backed carpet tile (Tandus Flooring, Inc.). The Ethos® PVB-backed carpet tile did not exhibit flat waviness, while the ER3® PVC-backed carpet tile began to show flat waviness (i.e., waviness greater than

0.20 cm (0.078 inch) according to the planar stability test outlined in Example 2) after 3 to 7 days.

fNSTnUT&gt; MUICANO • Ε u ηοηκ · ΑΓ

EXAMPLE 4

The dimensional stability of various carpet tile supports was evaluated using a simulated wet floor test in which a metal tray is filled with tap water and sponges are placed in the water bath such that they are around the half submerged. The samples are settled on the damp sponge, but are not in contact with the water bath, so that the relative humidity was around 100%. The water level is topped up to the same level daily to overcome evaporative loss. The samples (n = 2) are observed for a period of 134 days.

Three types of carpet tiles were evaluated: (1) Ethos® PVB-backed carpet tiles (Tandus Flooring, Inc.), (2) ER3® PVC-backed carpet tiles (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) and ( 3) GlasBac® PVC backed carpet tiles. The Ethos® PVB backed carpet tiles did not exhibit any flat ripples after 134 days. In sharp contrast, carpet tiles with

<img file="MX349253B_D0039.tif" />

PVC ER3® backing began to curl in the course of

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INSTITUTO MU1CAN DE U PROnKMB INDUSTRIAL from 4 to 30 days and the carpet mosaic with PVC backing

GlasBac® began to show flat waviness within 2 days.

EXAMPLE 5

The adhesive adhesion of various adhesive tapes was evaluated after exposure to various adverse conditions. Two adhesive tapes were evaluated: (1) SR336R Release Coated Polyester Silicone Tape (2.5 mil silicone based adhesive on 3 mil release coated polyester film) (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, WI) and (2) pieces of Tactile ™ carpet tile tape (believed to be an acrylic adhesive on polyester film) (commercially available from Interface, Inc.). Additionally, a Hauthane L2183 urethane based adhesive with 1.5% by weight crosslinking agent XR 5508 (commercially available from Stahl, Peabody, NA) was coated directly onto the Ethos® PVB backing with a # 15 Meyer rod and evaluated .

The samples were subjected to the immersion test (n = 3), water vapor exposure test (n = 3), highly alkaline immersion test (n = 3), and exposure test.

<img file="MX349253B_D0040.tif" />

to highly alkaline steam (n = 3), as described above in Example I. Control samples (n = 3) were kept at ambient conditions. To prevent contact of the adhesive layer of tape with any surface, the tape was folded into a cylindrical shape with tape on the inside and the extreme outer edge was attached to the inside of a tongue depressor (about 15.2 cm (6 inches) x 1.9 cm (0.75 inch)).

After 1, 7 and 14 days of exposure, the adhesive adhesion of each sample was measured according to ASTM D2979-01 (2009) and the results were averaged. For the tape samples, the Instron probe was set to compress at a speed of 10 mm / second until a force of 0.001 KN was reached. The resulting pressure was held constant for 1.0 second and then the probe was extended away from the sample at a speed of 10.008 mm / second. For the Hauthane L2183, the Instron probe was set to compress at a speed of 10 mm / second to a force of 0.45 KN. The resulting pressure was held constant for 10 seconds and the probe was then extended away from the sample at a speed of 10.008 mm / second. The results are presented in Ibf. (To convert to Ibf / square inch, divide Ibf by 0.66 square inches, which was the area of ​​the probe. For example, a tack of about 0.6 Kgf (1.3 Ibf)

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INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA FWORIDAD INDUSTRIAL · corresponds to about 0.90 Kgf (2.0 lbf) /6.45 cm²(square inch), a tack of around 0.69 Kgf (1.5 lbf) corresponds to around 1.2 Kgf (2.7 lbf / 6.45 cm² (square inch), an adhesive adhesion of around 1.04 Kgf (2.3 lbf) corresponds to around 1.59 Kgf (3.5 lbf) / 6.4 5 cm² (1 square inch) and an adhesive adhesion of around 2.3 Kgf (5 lbf) corresponds to around 3.4 Kgf (7.6 lbf) /6.45 cm²(square inch)

The effect of plasticizer migration was also evaluated for the Hauthane L213 sample by placing the sample in an oven at 60 ° C (140 ° F) for 1 day.

The results are presented in Tables 9-11. Any observations regarding edge bleeding (ie, progressive weakening of the adhesive from the outer edges of the adhesive tape inward and / or outlining of the weakened areas) were also noted.

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INfTlnro MiXKANii

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INDUSTUAL

<img file="MX349253B_D0041.tif" />

Table 9 - Gpg ^ fip tape adhesive adhesion

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (Ibf)</td><td>Kgf (lb-f)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 2.2 (5.0)</td><td> 3.4(7.6)</td><td> 53.5%</td><td> 5.9</td><td> 18.7%</td><td> 6.5</td><td> 30.8%</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 2.2 (5.0)</td><td> 2.5(5.5)</td><td> 11.3%</td><td> 5.3</td><td> 6.6%</td><td> 3.6</td><td> -27.6%</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 2.2 (5.0)</td><td> 3.5(7.7)</td><td> 54.9%</td><td> 5.1</td><td> 2.6%</td><td> 5.4</td><td> 8.7%</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 2.2 (5.0)</td><td> 1.4(3.2)</td><td> -34.8%</td><td> 5.0</td><td> 0.6%</td><td> 1.6</td><td> -67.8%</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 2.2 (5.0)</td><td> 2.3(5.0)</td><td> 0.6%</td><td> 6.4</td><td> 28.8%</td><td> 5.3</td><td> 6.6%</td>

Table 10 - Adhesive adhesion of Hauthane L2183 adhesive on PVB Ethos® mosaic

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (lb-f)</td><td>Kgf (lbf)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 48 (10.6)</td><td> 3.7(8.1)</td><td> -23.6</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 19.8</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 48 (10.6)</td><td> 1.1(2.4)</td><td> -77.4</td><td> 4.1</td><td> 61.3</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 48 (10.6)</td><td> 4.1(9.1)</td><td> -14.2</td><td> 6.1</td><td> 42.5</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 48 (10.6)</td><td> 1.2(2.7)</td><td> -74.5</td><td> 4.1</td><td> 61.3</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 48 (10.6)</td><td> 4.0(8.8)</td><td> -17.0</td><td> 8.2</td><td> 22.6</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Homo at 60 ° C (140 ° F)</td><td> 48 (10.6)</td><td> 3.5(5.4)</td><td> 49.1</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<img file="MX349253B_D0042.tif" />

Table 11 - Tactiles ™ Tape Adhesive Adhesion

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<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kg (lb-f)</td><td>Kgf (lbf)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 1 (2-3)</td><td> 1.1(2.4)</td><td> 6.6</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 1 (2.3)</td><td> 0.6(1.3)</td><td> -42.8</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 1 (2-3)</td><td> 1.0(2.2)</td><td> -3.9</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 1 (2-3)</td><td> 0.7(1.5)</td><td> -32.8</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 1 (2.3)</td><td> 1.1(2.4)</td><td> 6.1</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

No edge sag was observed for any of the SR336R tape tests. Thus, it would be expected that the SR336R tape would withstand adverse conditions over time. However, the Tactiles ™ tape samples exhibited substantial edge sag and were not suitable for testing using the water immersion test or pH 12 immersion test after 1 day due to the adhesive delaminating from the backing.

EXAMPLE 6

The overlay shear strength of various modular carpet systems (ie, carpet tile) was evaluated after exposure to various adverse conditions. Two systems were evaluated: (1) SR336R release coated polyester silicone tape (0.063 mm (2.5 mils) silicone based adhesive on 0.076 mm release coated polyester film (3

<img file="MX349253B_D0043.tif" />

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Di INDUSTRIAL PMWIiTY thousandths of an inch)) (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, WI) bonded to Ethos® PVB-backed carpet tile (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) and (2) pieces of carpet tile tape Tactiles ™ (believed to be an acrylic adhesive on polyester film) (commercially available from Interface, Inc.) bonded to a PVC backing (commercially available from Tandus Asia). (The PVC backing was used in this instance because Tactile ™ tape pieces are believed to be sold in connection with mosaics.

PVC-reinforced). SR336R release coated polyester silicone tape and Tactile ™ carpet tile tape pieces were also tested on steel plates.

To prepare the steel-tape samples, a steel plate (9 cm (3.5 inches) x 15.24 cm (6 inches)) was cleaned with isopropyl alcohol. A sample of tape about 3 in. X 4 in. (7.6 cm) was then placed on the steel in such a way that about 2 in. (5 cm) of the tape was in contact with the steel and the rest of the tape was not in contact with any surface. Pressure (about 0.79 Kg (1.75 Ib)) was applied to the area in which the tape was in contact with the substrate. The tape-carpet samples were prepared in a similar manner, except that a carpet piece of about 7.6 cm (3 inches) x 10.2 cm (4 inches) was

<img file="MX349253B_D0044.tif" />

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INSTITUTO MEXICANO »E LA Í&gt; 8OHE» AL INDUSTRIAL used instead of a steel plate. The tape was adhered to the carpet backing.

The samples were subjected to the water immersion test (n = 3), the water vapor exposure test (n = 3), the highly alkaline immersion test (n = 3), and the highly alkaline vapor exposure test (n = 3), as described above in Example 1. Control samples (n = 3) were kept at ambient conditions. After 1, 7, and 14 days of exposure, the overlapping shear strength of each sample was measured according to ASTM D3654 / D3654M 06 (2011), except that the force to failure (in Ibf) was recorded instead of time. to failure. The results were averaged and are presented in Tables 12 and 13. The results are presented in Ibf. (To convert Ibf / square inch, divide Ibf by 6 square inches (the area of ​​contact with the sample). For example, an overlapping shear strength value of around 59 Kgf (130 Ibf) corresponds to around 9.84 Kgf (21.7 Ibf) /6.45 cm² (square inch), an overlapping shear strength value of around 68 Kgf (150 Ibf) corresponds to around 11 Kgf (25 Ibf) /2.45 cm² (square inch), an overlapping shear strength value of about 74 Kgf (163 Ibf) corresponds to about 12 Kgf (27.2 Ibf) / square inch and an overlapping shear strength value of about 91 Kgf (200 Ibf ) corresponds to

<img file="MX349253B_D0045.tif" />

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M LA ntonEAAD INDUSTRIAL about 15 Kgf (33.3 Ibf) /2.45 cm² (square inch)

Any observations regarding edge drift were also noted.

Table 12 - Resistance to overlapping tape / support cut

Ethos® SR336R

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (lb-f)</td><td>Kg (lbf)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 68(151)</td><td> 0.6</td><td> 146</td><td> -3.1</td><td> 142</td><td> -5.7</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 72(158)</td><td> 5.1</td><td> 122</td><td> -18.9</td><td> 143</td><td> -4.7</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 71(157)</td><td> 4.5</td><td>lll</td><td> -25.9</td><td> 106</td><td> -29.8</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 72(158)</td><td> 5.4</td><td> 124</td><td> -17.8</td><td> 117</td><td> -22.1</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 70(154)</td><td> 2.3</td><td> 117</td><td> -22.0</td><td> 114</td><td> -24.1</td>

As will be apparent from Table 12, the SR336R / Ethos® backing system showed virtually no loss in overlay shear strength after being immersed in water for 14 days.

Although there was some loss in superimposed shear strength under the remaining tests, it will be appreciated that the nature of these tests is more extreme than typical adverse installation conditions. (However, it will be noted that even under these extreme conditions, no edge shifting was observed.) Furthermore, these tests can exhibit a high degree of variability under some circumstances. Finally, it will also be noted that even where there is a loss of adhesion under these tests

<img file="MX349253B_D0046.tif" />

extreme, such loss of adhesion cannot be considered an adhesive failure that would render the tape or system unsuitable for use. Thus, while the absolute values ​​of the data may not be directly indicators of the

IMPI

INSTITUTO MUICANC nt LA FRORIERAD INDUSTRIAL real performance, these data can be highly useful compared to the performance of other systems (see Tables 13-17).

Table 13 - Overlapping shear strength of Tactiles ™ / PVC tape holder

<td rowspan="2">Test</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (lb-f)</td><td>Kgf (lbf</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>Witness</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Immersion in water</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 49(109)</td><td> -27.4</td><td> 84</td><td> -43.9</td><td> 112</td><td> -25.6</td>

<td>Water steam</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 70(155)</td><td> 3.9</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Immersion at pH 12</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 44(98)</td><td> -35.1</td><td> 89</td><td> -41.1</td><td> 106</td><td> -29.5</td>

<td>Steam at pH 12</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 89(197)</td><td> 31.4</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

The Tactile ™ tape samples exhibited substantial edge bleeding after 1 day. Thus, the tests were aborted because it is believed that the samples would delaminate (Table 13).

<img file="MX349253B_D0047.tif" />

IMPI

Table 14 - Overlapping shear strength for various

INSTITUTO MXI1CAN · DS LA morís UA »INDUSTRIAL systems after immersion in water

<td rowspan="2">System</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (lbf)</td><td>Kgf (lbf)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>SR336R / Ethos®</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 72 (158)</td><td> 5.1</td><td> 122</td><td> -18.9</td><td> 143</td><td> -4.7</td>

<td>Touch ^1M/ P VC</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 49 (109)</td><td> -27.4</td><td> 84</td><td> -43.9</td><td> 112</td><td> -25.6</td>

<td>SR336R / steel</td><td> 74 (163)</td><td> 77(170)</td><td> 4.0</td><td> 184</td><td> 12.8</td><td> 187</td><td> 14.5</td>

<td>Touch ^1M/steel</td><td> 88(195)</td><td> 82(181)</td><td> -6.9</td><td> 211</td><td> 8.4</td><td> 214</td><td> 9.8</td>

As will be apparent from Table 14, the Tactiles ™ / PVC backing system showed significantly more loss in overlapping shear strength than the SR336R / Ethos® backing system.

With respect to the steel plate tests, the overlapping shear strength values ​​summarized above were recorded when the film substrate of the tape broke, rather than when there is adhesive failure. Since the initial adhesion of both tapes was significantly stronger, compared to their respectively evaluated carpet backings, it is believed that it would have taken a significantly longer period of time of 14 days to obtain adhesive failure. Since the SR336R tape had a backing thickness of 0.076 mm (3 mils) and the Tactiles ™ tape had a backing of 0.102 mm (4 mils), it is not surprising that the Tactiles ™ / steel system it seems

<img file="MX349253B_D0048.tif" />

outperform SR336R / steel system. However, due to

IMPI iNsrmrr · mkxican · BE LA PMHt »AT INDUSTRIAL level of edge slip exhibited by the tape

Tactiles ™ (compared to none observed with the SR336R tape), it is believed that the Tactiles ™ tape would have inevitably failed, while the SR336R tape did not.

Similar observations can be made with respect to the immersion test at pH 12, as summarized in Table 15 below.

Table 15 - Resistance to overlapping shear for various systems after immersion in solution at pH 12

<td rowspan="2">System</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (Ibf)</td><td>Kgf (Ibf)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>SR336R / Ethos®</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 72 (158)</td><td> 5.4</td><td> 124</td><td> -17.8</td><td> 117</td><td> -22.1</td>

<td>Touch ^1M/ PVC</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 44 (98)</td><td> -35.1</td><td> 89</td><td> -41.1</td><td> 106</td><td> -29.5</td>

<td>SR336R / steel</td><td> 74(163)</td><td> 80 (177)</td><td> 8.7</td><td> 194</td><td> 18.7</td><td> 188</td><td> 15.3</td>

<td>Touch^1M/steel</td><td> 88(195)</td><td> 182</td><td> -6.6</td><td> 227</td><td> 16.6</td><td> 16.6</td><td> 12.1</td>

As shown in Tables 16 and 17 below, the SR336R Ethos® backing system did not exhibit any edge sag and was suitable for testing even after 14 days.

<img file="MX349253B_D0049.tif" />

Table 16 - Overlapping shear strength for various

IMPI _li«RnTUTOI * lXICAN_ OF the rWOHIDA * INDUSTRY!

systems after exposure to water vapor

<td rowspan="2">System</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (lb-f)</td><td>Kgf (Ib-f)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>SR336R / Ethos®</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 71(157)</td><td> 4.5</td><td>lll</td><td> -25.9</td><td> 106</td><td> -29.8</td>

<td>Touch ™ / P VC</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 70(155)</td><td> 3.9</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

Table 17 - Resistance to overlapping shear for various systems after exposure to vapor at pH 12

<td rowspan="2">System</td><td>Initial</td><td colspan="2">1 day</td><td colspan="2">7 days</td><td colspan="2">14 days</td>

<td>Kgf (lb-f)</td><td>Kf (lb-f)</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td><td>Ib-f</td><td>% Δ</td>

<td>SR336R / Ethos®</td><td> 68 (150)</td><td> 70(154)</td><td> 2.3</td><td> 117</td><td> -22.0</td><td> 114</td><td> -24.1</td>

<td>Tactile ™ / PVC</td><td> 68(150)</td><td> 89(197)</td><td> 31.4</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

EXAMPLE 7

The resistance to plasticizer migration of various modular carpet systems (ie, carpet tile) was evaluated. The following tapes were evaluated: (1) SR336R release coated polyester silicone tape (2.5 mils (0.063 mm) silicone based adhesive on 3 mils (0.076 mm) release coated polyester film) (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, WI), (2) Hauthane L2183 urethane based adhesive plus 1.5 wt% X5800 crosslinking agent (commercially available from Stahl, Peabody,

IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO ot LA nontDAl INDUSTRIA!

MA) (coated directly on the back of the PVB Ethos® mosaic), (3) pieces of Tactile ™ carpet mosaic tape (believed to be an acrylic adhesive on a polyester film) (commercially available from Interface, Inc.), (4) Ecosticker (commercially available from Carpet Tiles 1. Australia), (5) China White (acrylic adhesive based tape, commercially available from Shanghai ZhengHuan Adhesive Products Co. , Ltd., Shanghai, China) and (6) China Yellow (acrylic adhesive-based tape, commercially available from Shanghai ZhengHuan Adhesive Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). Each tape was evaluated in relation to two supports: 1) Ethos® PVB carpet tile backing (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) and (2) PVC carpet tile backing (Tandus Asia). A sample of each tape was placed on each support. A control sample was left at room temperature, while the experimental sample was placed in an oven at 82 ° C (180 ° F). After two hours, the experimental sample was removed from the oven and allowed to cool to room temperature. The tape was then pulled by the hand from the holder. The composition of the adhesive and tape was evaluated using the following scale (where legs refer to adhesive strings): 0 - No change

<img file="MX349253B_D0050.tif" />

Slight adhesive difference has not softened and

<img file="MX349253B_D0051.tif" />

IMPI iNsrmrr · muican • E LA η · ΠΕ · ΑΟ

INDUSTRY!

no leg is noticeable ________________,

- Notable shift legs began to form

- Feet are featured on some stickers and have been transferred from film to carpet

- Transfer of adhesive and delamination of the film, the adhesive has softened

- Severely compromised, complete adhesive delamination, long legs, very soft adhesive.

For the Hauthane L2183 sample, which was coated directly onto the back of the Ethos® PVB PVB with a # 15 Meyer rod, the sample was evaluated by running a finger through the sample. The results are presented in Table 18.

Table 18 - Resistance to plasticiser migration of various adhesive tapes

<td rowspan="3">Headband</td><td rowspan="3">Support</td><td colspan="4">Resistance to plasticizer migration</td>

<td colspan="2">Immediate</td><td colspan="2">Aged 1 month</td>

<td>Witness</td><td>Homo</td><td>Witness</td><td>Homo</td>

<td>SR336R tape</td><td>PVC</td><td> 0</td><td> 1</td><td> 0</td><td> 1</td>

<td></td><td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1.5</td>

<td>Hauthane L2183</td><td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 0</td><td> 1</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>Tactile Tape^1M</td><td>PVC</td><td> 1</td><td> 4</td><td> 2</td><td> 5</td>

<td></td><td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 0</td><td> 5</td><td> 0</td><td> 5</td>

<td>Ecosticker</td><td>PVC</td><td> 0</td><td> 3.5</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td></td><td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 1</td><td> 4</td><td>NT</td><td>NT</td>

<td>China White</td><td>PVC</td><td> 0</td><td> 4</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td>

<td></td><td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 0</td><td> 5</td><td> 1</td><td> 4</td>

<td>China yellow</td><td>PVC</td><td> 0</td><td> 2</td><td> 0</td><td> 2</td>

<td></td><td>Ethos® PVB</td><td> 0</td><td> 1</td><td> 0</td><td> 1</td>

Notably, all China Tactile ™, Ecosticker and Blanco tapes exhibited rather immediate lamination of the adhesive when attached to both PVC and PVB reinforced carpets. The SR336R tape exhibited virtually no plasticization, even after one month of aging in an oven.

EXAMPLE 8

The resistance to plasticizer migration of various modular carpet systems (ie, carpet mosaic) was evaluated. The following systems were evaluated: (1) SR336R Release Coated Polyester Silicone Tape (2.5 mil silicone based adhesive on 3 mil release coated polyester film) (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, Wl) bonded to Ethos® PVB carpet tile backing and (2) pieces of Tactile ™ carpet tile tape (believed to be an acrylic adhesive on polyester film) (commercially available from Interface, Inc.) attached to a PVC carpet tile backing (commercially available from Tandus Asia).

A sample of each tape was placed on each support. A control sample was left at room temperature, while the experimental sample was placed

<img file="MX349253B_D0052.tif" />

in a 60 ° C (140 ° F) oven. The samples were observed

IMPI

ΙΝΤΠΤυΤ · MU1CAN ·

M LAFMHtBAE INDUSTRY!

every 2-3 days until failure, that is, until the adhesive is softened and the tape is easily removed from the backing. The Tactiles ™ tape on the PVC backing failed after about 5 days. In sharp contrast, the SR336R tape on PVB was stable for 45 days, after which the test was discontinued.

EXAMPLE 9

The adhesive adhesion of various tapes used in relation to various substrates was evaluated after exposure to high pH and humidity.

The following tapes were evaluated: (1) SR336R Release Coated Polyester Silicone Tape (2.5 mil silicone based adhesive on 3 mil release coated polyester film) (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, Wl), (2) pieces of Tactile ™ carpet tile tape (believed to be an acrylic adhesive on polyester film) (commercially available from Interface, Inc.), (3) Ecosticker (commercially available from Carpet Tiles 1, Australia), (4) China White (acrylic adhesive based tape, commercially available from Shanghai ZhengHuan Adhesive Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) and (5) Yellow

<img file="MX349253B_D0053.tif" />

from China (acrylic adhesive based tape, available

IMPI iNSTtruTu muican · M LA mWIUM · INBUSTMAL commercially from Shanghai ZhengHuan Adhesive Products Co.,

Ltd., Shanghai, China). Each tape was evaluated in relation to two supports: 1) Ethos® PVB carpet t ile backing (Tandus Flooring, Inc.) and (2) PVC carpet tile backing (Tandus Asia).

One piece of tape was placed over a 10cm (4in) x 10cm (4in) square piece of tile in such a way that only about half of the tape was on the tile (the other half was not in contact with nothing). Then the samples were rinsed in a solution at pH 11.5 for 4 days. The control samples were kept at ambient conditions. The adhesive adhesion of each sample was then measured according to ASTM D2979 01 (2009) and the results were averaged. Results are presented in Table 19. Any observations regarding edge drift are also indicated.

<img file="MX349253B_D0054.tif" />

ΙΜΡΙ * &lt;ΓΓΓΓϋΤυ MtXICANC □ e la noridad IMrMISTWIAI

Table 19 - Adhesive adhesion of various adhesive tapes / supports

<td rowspan="2">Headband</td><td rowspan="2">Support</td><td colspan="4">Adhesive inheritance (Ibf)</td>

<td>Witness</td><td>Experimental</td><td>Δ (%)</td><td>Edge drift</td>

<td>SR336R tape</td><td>PVC Ethos® PVB</td><td> 98.2 150.5</td><td> 54.7 147.9</td><td> 44.3 1.7</td><td>none none</td>

<td>Tactile Tape^1M</td><td>PVC Ethos® PVB</td><td> 149.5 167.6</td><td> 82.3 147.9</td><td> 44.9 11.8</td><td>severe light</td>

<td>Ecosticker</td><td>PVC Ethos® PVB</td><td> 110.2 158.1</td><td> 76.9 141.4</td><td> 30.2 10.6</td><td>something something</td>

<td>China White</td><td>PVC Ethos® PVB</td><td> 137.9 199.7</td><td> 85 146.8</td><td> 38.4 26.5</td><td>something something</td>

<td>China yellow</td><td>PVC Ethos® PVB</td><td> 133.7 176.6</td><td> 61.4 159.1</td><td> 54.1 9.9</td><td>something something</td>

The SR336R tape samples exhibited virtually no edge bleed, while the Tactile ™ tape samples exhibited severe (PVC) or light (Ethos® PVB) edge bleed, indicating that the Tactile ™ tape would fail with passage of weather. Similarly, the Ecosticker, China White and China Yellow tapes all exhibited some edge bleed. Thus, such tapes would also likely fail over time.

EXAMPLE 10

Various tapes were used to secure an Ethos® PVB backed tile from Tandus Flooring, Inc. to a concrete floor under harsh installation conditions (about 1 Kg (2.2 Ib) / 24 hrs / 929 square centimeters (1000 ft) squares) of MVER, around pH 11-11.5 and

IMPI ^

INSTITUTO M &amp; XICANI M LA PROHEDAI INDUSTRIA around 65.5% RH) in an environment subjected to electric pallet jacks that carry a full load and heavy foot traffic. Prior to installation, the floor was primed with C56 primer, available from Tandus Flooring, Inc. The following tapes from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing were used to bond the tiles together (adhesive facing up):

about 0.063 mm (2.5 thousandths of an inch) of silicone adhesive on one side of a polyester (PET) film of about 0.102 mm (4 thousandths of an inch);

about 0.09 mm (3.5 thousandths of an inch) of silicone adhesive on one side of a polyester (PET) film of about 0.102 mm (4 thousandths of an inch);

about 0.09 mm (3.5 thousandths of an inch) of silicone adhesive on one side of a polyester (PET) film of about 0.076 mm (3 thousandths of an inch); and about 0.038 mm (1.5 thousandths of an inch) of silicone adhesive on polyester film (PET) of about 0.051 mm (2 thousandths of an inch).

All the tapes were used to successfully install the tiles. The performance of the tape was monitored for about a year without any movement

<img file="MX349253B_D0055.tif" />

IMPI

ΙΝΤΤΤΤυΤΟ MUJCANC fWlAMüHeDA 'visible from mosaics or loss of tape adhesion.

EXAMPLE 11

The tape was used to secure the Ethos® PVB-backed tile from Tandus Flooring, Inc. to a concrete floor under adverse installation conditions (about 1 Kg (2.4 pounds) / 24 hrs / 929 square centimeters (1000 square feet) ) MVER, pH around 9.5-10 and around 86.5% relative humidity). Prior to installation, the floor was primed with C56 Primer, available from Tandus Flooring, Inc.

The tape (obtained from Specialty Tapes Manufacturers) comprised about 0.09 mm (3.5 mils) of silicone adhesive on one side of a polyester (PET) film of about 0.102 mm (4 mils). The tape was provided as a 7.6 cm (3 inch) wide roll with perforations around every 9.84 cm (3.875 inches). The pieces of tape were applied to the adjacent tile corners with the adhesive facing up. Square mosaics measuring 24 inches (61 cm) x 24 inches (61 cm) were used.

The tiles were hit with standard foot pressure after installation was complete to simulate movement. Little to no movement was noticed through the installation. The installation was observed by

<img file="MX349253B_D0056.tif" />

about a year without any visible movement of the

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO · * LA NOPIEDAr! N »U» t_{RM (} mosaic tiles or loss of tape adhesion.

EXAMPLE 12

Tape was used to secure an Ethos® PVB-backed tile from Tandus Flooring, Inc. to a residential concrete floor under adverse installation conditions (about 2.3 Kg (5.1 Ib) / 24 hrs / 929 square centimeters (1000 ft) squares) of MVER and pH around 10.5).

The tape was obtained from Special ty Tapes Manufacturers and consisted of about 0.09 mm (3.5 mils) of silicone adhesive on one side of a PET film of about 0.102 mm (4 mils). The tape was supplied as a 7.62 cm (3 inch) wide roll with perforations every 9.84 cm (3.875 inches). The pieces of tape were applied to the adjacent tile corners with the adhesive facing up. Square mosaics measuring 24 inches (61 cm) x 24 inches (61 cm) were used. The installation was observed for about three months without any visible movement of tiles or loss of tape adhesion.

EXAMPLE 13

Tape was used to secure a PVB Ethos® backed tile from Tandus Flooring, Inc. to a concrete floor

<img file="MX349253B_D0057.tif" />

under variable and unpredictable adverse conditions (about 1 Kg (2.3 Ib) / 24 h / 929 square centimeters

IMPI

INSTITUTO MU1CAN · Df la PROREDA »INDUSTRIAL (1000 square feet) MVER, pH around 8.5-9 and around 79.3% relative humidity). Tape was SR336R Release Coated Polyester Silicone Tape (2.5 mil silicone based adhesive on 3 mil release coated polyester film) (commercially available from Specialty Tapes Manufacturing, Franksville, WI). The tape was supplied as a 7.62 cm (3 inch) wide roll with perforations around every 9.84 cm (3.875 inch). The pieces of tape were applied to the adjacent tile corners with the adhesive facing up. Square mosaics measuring 24 inches (61 cm) x 24 inches (61 cm) were used. The installation was observed for about 3 months without any visible movement of the tiles or loss of tape adhesion. The installation area was in a semi-covered outdoor exposed area subject to rain and drastic fluctuations in humidity typical of the climate of Dalton, GA, United States of America.

EXAMPLE 14

Tape was used to secure a PVB Ethos® backed tile from Tandus Flooring, Inc. to a concrete floor under varying and unpredictable adverse conditions

<img file="MX349253B_D0058.tif" />

(about 1 Kg (4 pounds) / 24 hrs / 929 square centimeters

IMPI Mexican fwrrruTO de la noniDA * INDUSTRIA (1000 sq ft) MVER, pH around 9.5-10 and around 86.5% relative humidity). The tape was Tesa 50600 release coated polyester silicone tape (commercially available from Tesa SE Tape). The tape was supplied as a 5 cm (2 inch) wide roll. Bands were cut every 4 inches (10 cm) and applied to adjacent tile corners with the adhesive side facing up. Square tiles measuring 91 cm (36 inches) x 91 cm (36 inches) were used. The installation was observed for about 11 months without any visible movement of the tiles or loss of tape adhesion. The installation area was subjected to heavy foot traffic during the evaluation time.

It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is capable of wide utility and application. It will also be recognized by those skilled in the art that various items discussed with reference to the various modalities can be interchanged to create entirely new modalities that are within the scope of the present invention. While the present invention is described herein in detail in relation to specific aspects and embodiments, it will be understood that this detailed description is only illustrative and exemplary of the present invention and

IMPI ^

MKXICAN INSTITUTE · Rk · '·

I heard THE nonSDAT * ISTMIA L is made solely for purposes of providing a full and enabling disclosure of the present invention and to summarize the best way to carry out the invention known to the inventors at the time the invention was made. The detailed description summarized herein is illustrative only and is not intended or will be construed to limit the present invention or to otherwise exclude any other equivalent embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications and arrangements of the present invention. All directional references (for example, higher, lower, up, down, left, right, left, right, upper, lower, above, below, vertical, horizontal, in the direction of clockwise and counterclockwise) are used for identification purposes only to aid the reader's understanding of the various embodiments of the present invention and do not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation or use of the invention unless specifically outlined in the claims. Adjoining references (eg, joined, annexed, coupled, connected, and the like) will be interpreted broadly and may include intermediate elements between a connection of elements and relative movement between elements. As such, union references do not necessarily imply that two

IMPI i NSTm rm μκχκα m

K THE 7DOPHDAD INDUSTRY!

<img file="MX349253B_D0059.tif" />

elements are directly attached and in fixed relation to each other. Furthermore, various items discussed with reference to the various modalities can be interchanged to create entirely new modalities that fall within the scope of the present invention. Many adaptations of the present invention other than those described herein, as well as many variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present invention and the detailed description above without departing from the substance or scope of the present invention. . Thus, the detailed description summarized herein is not intended or shall be construed to limit the present invention or to otherwise exclude any such other equivalent embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications, and arrangements of the present invention.

IMPI

Μττηττυ MUIGANO

OC LA MOeilOAD &lt;VJIj tNourntiAL ^M