A heating and shaping system using microwave focused beam heating.
Abstract
An embossing furnace for glass sheets for aircraft transparencies using the custom cut method includes a preheating and cooling furnace defined as a first furnace, and a draw oven. An alternative reciprocating conveyor moves a bending plate which supports a sheet of glass through the first furnace set at a preheating temperature. The glass sheet supported in the bending plate is heated in the drawing furnace by microwave beams from a gyrotron to heat portions of the glass sheet to be embedded in a complex shape. After the sheet is embedded,

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7.7 yearsleft in the term
Expires 21 May 2034.
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17 claims: 3 independent, 14 dependent
- 1REIVINDICACIONES IMPI INSTITUTO MBXICANO D£ LA FROMtBAD INDUSTRIAL 1. Un horno para embutir láminas de vidrio para transparencias de aeronaves, comprendiendo el horno:un horno de precalentamiento y de enfriamiento definido como un primer horno, comprendiendo el primer horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una primera abertura y una segunda abertura opuesta;una puerta para cubrir la primera abertura del primer horno;una primera pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral y una segunda pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral, en donde cada una de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del primer horno y el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores extendiéndose hacia fuera a través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del primer horno, en donde el extremo de transporte de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una primera trayectoria a través del primer horno, extendiéndose la primera trayectoria desde una posición separada de la primera abertura del primer horno a la segunda abertura del primer horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por un sistema de accionamiento;IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE 1Λ PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL un primer sistema de calentamiento asociado con..el -pumex-horno para calentar y enfriar de forma controlable el interior del primer horno;un horno de embutición definido como un segundo horno, comprendiendo el segundo horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una abertura y una pared trasera opuesta a la abertura del segundo horno, en donde la segunda abertura del primer horno y la abertura del segundo horno se conectan entre sí;una tercera pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral del segundo horno y una cuarta pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral del segundo horno, en donde cada una de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del segundo horno y el extremo de accionamiento de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores extendiéndose a través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del segundo horno, en donde el extremo de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una segunda trayectoria a través del segundo horno, extendiéndose la segunda trayectoria desde la primera trayectoria hasta la pared posterior del segundo horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por el sistema de accionamiento;IMPI INSTITUTO MtXICANO •E LA PMMEDAn INDUSTUAL un segundo sistema de calentamiento dentro del segundo horno, en donde el segundo sistema de calentamiento comprende un sistema de girotrón para calentar porciones seleccionadas de la lámina de vidrio;un transportador móvil en forma de U que comprende;una primera pata, una segunda pata opuesta y una tercera pata que une los extremos de la primera y segunda patas para dar al transportador la forma de U, en donde el transportador móvil tiene un lado superior y un lado inferior opuesto, el lado inferior del transportador teniendo ruedas;una quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores que tienen un extremo de transporte y un extremo de montaje opuesto con el extremo de montaje de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores montado de manera giratoria en el lado superior de la primera pata del transportador en forma de U con el extremo de transporte de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores entre la primera y segunda patas del transportador móvil, y una sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores con un extremo de transporte y un extremo de montaje opuesto con el extremo de montaje de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores montado de forma giratoria en el lado superior de la segunda pata del transportador en forma de U con el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores entre la primera y segunda patas del transportador móvil;en donde el transportador móvil se dimensiona para adaptarse al extremo del transportador móvil que tiene la tercera pata definido como el primer extremo del transportador móvil para moverse dentro y fuera de la primera abertura del primer horno de modo que con el primer extremo del transportador móvil en la primera abertura del primer horno el extremo transportador de la quinta IMPIAS INSTITUTO MEXICANO E LA MOF1SDA· O·*· pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores se alinea con el extremo de tranSp$¡W L de!ra primera pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y el extremo de transporte úsia sexta· pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores se alinea con el extremo de transporte de la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores para extender la primera trayectoria de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores hacia la primera abertura del primer horno;un carro que tiene un primer brazo extendido y un segundo brazo extendido opuesto, en donde el primer brazo extendido se soporta en el extremo de transporte de la primera y la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y el segundo brazo extendido se soporta en el extremo de transporte de la segunda y la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores;en donde, con el primer extremo del transportador móvil en la primera abertura del primer horno, el carro se mueve a lo largo de la quinta y sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores del transportador móvil dentro de la primera abertura del primer horno, y enseguida en la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores al activar el sistema de impulso para girar el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores en una primera dirección para mover el carro a lo largo de la trayectoria lejos de la primera abertura del primer horno hacia el segundo horno y con el primer extremo del transportador móvil en la primera abertura del primer horno, el carro se mueve a lo largo de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores hacia la primera abertura del primer horno y desde el segundo horno, y enseguida en la quinta y sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores al activar el sistema de impulso para girar el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de IMPI rodillos adaptadores en una segunda dirección opuesta a la prirfflsn^fl&íWSi INDUSTRIAL mover el carro a lo largo de la primera trayectoria hacia la primera abertura del primer horno y lejos del segundo horno.
- 2El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, donde la puerta que cubre la primera abertura del primer horno es una primera puerta montada de forma móvil en la primera abertura del primer horno, y que comprende una segunda puerta montada de forma móvil entre la segunda abertura del primer horno y la abertura del segundo horno, en donde cuando la primera puerta y la segunda puerta se cierran el interior del primer horno y el interior del segundo horno quedan separados entre sí y del entorno exterior del primer y segundo hornos, y cuando la primera puerta se cierra y la segunda puerta se abre, el interior del primer y segundo hornos quedan en comunicación entre sí y separados del entorno exterior del primer y segundo hornos.
- 3El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 2, que comprende sensores para rastrear el movimiento del carro a través de los hornos, en donde los sensores operan en los mecanismos para abrir y cerrar las primera y segunda puertas, como se necesite para mover el carro a lo largo del transportador.
- 4El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 2, que comprende un primer sensor montado en el primer horno separado a una distancia predeterminada de la primera puerta del primer horno y un segundo sensor montado en el primer horno separado a una distancia predeterminada de la segunda puerta, en donde el primer sensor se conecta a un sistema de accionamiento de la puerta para abrir o cerrar la primera puerta cuando el carro interactúa con el primer sensor, y el segundo sensor se conecta al sistema de 50 IMPI^ INSTITUTO MEXICANO IX LA PSUOmDAD accionamiento de la puerta para abrir o cerrar la segunda puerta cuancío’et carro interactúa con el segundo sensor. ’
- 5El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 4, que comprende un tercer sensor montado en el segundo horno separado a una distancia predeterminada de la segunda puerta del segundo horno en donde el tercer sensor se conecta a la unidad de accionamiento de puerta que opera el sistema para abrir o cerrar la segunda puerta cuando el carro interactúa con el tercer sensor.
- 6El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5 que comprende un sistema de control que interactúa con el tercer sensor y que actúa sobre el sistema de accionamiento de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores para seguir la posición del carro en el segundo horno y para inactivar el sistema de accionamiento que opera la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores para situar el carro en una posición donde se va a calentar por el girotrón.
- 7El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, en donde el sistema de girotrón comprende un girotrón para generar haces de energía de microondas, una caja óptica para colimar los haces de energía de microondas y controlar el diámetro de los haces de energía de microondas, y una caja de espejos que comprende uno o más espejos movibles para mover los haces de energía de microondas a través de un área predeterminada entre los extremos de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, en donde la caja óptica y la caja de espejos se montan en la pared superior del segundo horno.
- 8El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, que comprende pirómetros montados en la pared superior del segundo horno para controlar la S1 IMPI^ INSTITUTO MEXICANO Dt LA PROMIDAD temperatura de las láminas de vidrio en el área predeterminada entre ló^JSfÓmo^ de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, los pirómetros conectados a un monitor conectado a la entrada de energía al girotrón.
- 9El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 8, que comprende pirómetros de exploración montados en la pared superior del primer horno, los pirómetros de exploración conectados al monitor, donde el monitor se conecta al primer sistema de calentamiento para mantener la primera temperatura a una temperatura deseada.
- 10El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 en donde la abertura del segundo horno es una primera abertura y la pared posterior del segundo horno es una puerta móvil que proporciona el segundo horno con una segunda abertura opuesta a la primera abertura del segundo horno; comprendiendo el horno:un segundo horno de precalentamiento y enfriamiento definido como un tercer horno, comprendiendo el tercer horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una primera abertura y una segunda abertura opuesta;una puerta para cubrir la segunda abertura del tercer horno;una séptima pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral del tercer horno y una octava pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral del tercer horno, en donde cada una de la séptima y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la séptima y octava 52 IMPl^ INSTITUTO MEXICANO M LA PBOPIWA· pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del tercer horno y el exíremo efe accionamiento de la séptima y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores extendiéndose hacia fuera a través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del tercer horno, donde el extremo de transporte de la séptima y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una tercera trayectoria a través del tercer horno, extendiéndose la tercera trayectoria desde la segunda trayectoria hasta una posición separada de la segunda abertura del tercer horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la séptima y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por el sistema de accionamiento;y la primera abertura del tercer horno conectada a la segunda abertura del segundo horno.
- 11El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 10 que comprende:una primera puerta montada de forma móvil en la primera abertura del primer horno;una segunda puerta montada de forma móvil entre la segunda abertura del primer horno y la primera abertura del segundo horno, una tercera puerta montada de forma móvil entre la segunda abertura del segundo horno y la primera abertura del tercer horno y una cuarta puerta montada de forma móvil sobre la segunda abertura del tercer horno, y en donde cuando la primera, segunda, tercera y cuarta puertas se cierran, el interior del primer, segundo y tercer hornos quedan separados entre sí y del entorno exterior del primero, segundo y tercer hornos, y cuando la primera puerta y la cuarta puerta se cierran y la segunda y tercera puertas se abren, el interior del primer, segundo y tercer hornos queda comunicado entre sí y se separan del entorno exterior del primer, segundo y tercer hornos. 53 IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA MtOFlEDAD
- 12El homo de acuerdo con la reivindicación 11, en doñ^e'el se mueve dentro de tercer horno al mover el primer extremó déí flSnsportador móvil en la segunda abertura del tercer horno para alinear el extremo de transporte de la quinta y séptima pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores y el extremo de transporte de la sexta y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, activando el sistema de accionamiento para accionar el extremo de accionamiento de la séptima y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores y moviendo el carro desde el extremo de transporte de la quinta y sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores al extremo de transporte de la séptima y octava pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores.
- 13Un horno para embutir láminas de vidrio para transparencias de aeronaves, comprendiendo el horno:un homo de precalentamiento y de enfriamiento definido como un primer horno, comprendiendo el primer horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una primera abertura y una segunda abertura opuesta;una puerta para cubrir la primera abertura del primer horno;una primera pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral y una segunda pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral, en donde cada una de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del primer horno y el extremo de accionamiento de la IMPIAS primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores extendiéndÜSgHfóí^B^ INDUSTRIAL través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del primer horno, en donde el extremo de transporte de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una primera trayectoria a través del primer horno, extendiéndose la primera trayectoria desde una posición separada de la primera abertura del primer horno a la segunda abertura del primer horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por un sistema de accionamiento;un primer sistema de calentamiento asociado con el primer horno para calentar y enfriar de forma controlable el interior del primer horno;un horno de embutición definido como un segundo horno, comprendiendo el segundo horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una abertura y una pared trasera opuesta a la abertura del segundo horno, en donde la segunda abertura del primer horno y la abertura del segundo horno se conectan entre sí;una tercera pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral del segundo horno y una cuarta pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral del segundo horno, en donde cada una de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del segundo horno y el extremo de accionamiento de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores IMPI INSTTTUTO MSJUCZNO delaproHídad INDUSTRIAL extendiéndose a través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del segundo horno, en donde el extremo de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una segunda trayectoria a través del segundo horno, extendiéndose la segunda trayectoria desde la primera trayectoria hasta la pared posterior del segundo horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por el sistema de accionamiento;un segundo sistema de calentamiento dentro del segundo horno, en donde el segundo sistema de calentamiento comprende un sistema de girotrón para calentar porciones seleccionadas de la lámina de vidrio;un transportador móvil en forma de U que comprende: una primera pata, una segunda pata opuesta y una tercera pata que une los extremos de la primera y segunda patas para proporcionar al transportador la forma de U, en donde el transportador móvil tiene un lado superior y un lado inferior opuesto, el lado inferior del transportador teniendo ruedas;una quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores que tienen un extremo de transporte y un extremo de montaje opuesto con el extremo de montaje de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores montado de manera giratoria en el lado superior de la primera pata del transportador en forma de U con el extremo de transporte de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores entre la primera y segunda patas del transportador móvil, y una sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores con un extremo de transporte y un extremo de montaje opuesto con el extremo de montaje de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores montado de forma giratoria en el lado superior de la segunda pata del transportador en forma DRIA ffiORWAD fHPUJTWIAL de U con el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de n entre la primera y segunda patas del transportador móvil;en donde el transportador móvil se dimensiona para el extremo del transportador móvil para moverse dentro de la primera abertura del primer horno con el extremo transportador de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores alineado con el extremo de transporte de la primera pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores alineado con el extremo de transporte de la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores;un carro que tiene un primer brazo extendido y un segundo brazo extendido opuesto, en donde el primer brazo extendido se soporta en el extremo de transporte de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y el segundo brazo extendido se soporta en el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores;en donde el carro móvil se mueve dentro del primer horno al mover el primer extremo del transportador dentro de la primera abertura del primer horno para alinear el extremo de transporte de la primera y quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores y el extremo de transporte de la segunda y sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, activar el sistema de impulso para accionar el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores y mover el carro del primer extremo de transporte de la quinta y la sexta pluralidad de los rodillos adaptadores hacia el extremo de transporte de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y en donde la puerta que cubre la primera abertura del primer horno es 57 IMPIAS iNSTrrvto mjjucano 15¾ OS LA PROMíDaD Λ, una primera puerta montada de forma móvil en la primera abertura^^eí^prime?' horno, y que comprende una segunda puerta montada de forma móvil entre la segunda abertura del primer homo y la abertura del segundo horno, en donde, cuando la primera puerta y la segunda puerta están cerradas, el interior del primer horno y el interior del segundo horno quedan separados uno de otro y del ambiente exterior del primer y segundo hornos, y, cuando la primera puerta está cerrada y la segunda puerta está abierta, el interior del primer y segundo hornos queda en comunicación uno con otro y separados del ambiente exterior del primero y segundo hornos, en donde la segunda puerta comprende un marco espaciador hecho de marco de tubería, un panel de metal asegurado a un lado del marco espaciador y un segundo panel de metal asegurado al segundo lado opuesto del marco espaciador, y un primer material aislante dentro del marco espaciador entre los paneles de metal primero y segundo, un segundo material aislante sobre uno de los paneles de metal y una hoja metálica sobre el segundo material aislante.
- 14El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 13, en donde el aire se mueve a través del marco de tubería para evitar la deformación de los paneles de metal, y el primer material aislante es un material aislante de altas temperaturas de baja densidad que se comercializa bajo la marca registrada Super Firetemp®.
- 15El homo de acuerdo con la reivindicación 13, que comprende una plancha de flexión montada en el carro, en donde la plancha de flexión soporta y embute la hoja de vidrio.
- 16El horno de acuerdo con la reivindicación 15, en donde la plancha de flexión comprende un brazo articulado y el carro está colocado en el segundo horno con el brazo articulado de la plancha de flexión en el área-®r«^aeÍmi fferiTUTO MEXICANO □€ LA FRGFIiDAÜ INDUSTRIAL
- 17Un horno para embutir láminas de vidrio para transparencias de aeronaves, comprendiendo el horno:un horno de precalentamiento y de enfriamiento definido como un primer horno, comprendiendo el primer horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una primera abertura y una segunda abertura opuesta;una puerta para cubrir la primera abertura del primer horno;una primera pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral y una segunda pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral, donde cada una de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del primer horno y el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores extendiéndose hacia fuera a través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del primer horno, en donde el extremo de transporte de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una primera trayectoria a través del primer horno, extendiéndose la primera trayectoria desde una posición separada de la primera abertura del primer horno a la segunda abertura del primer horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por un sistema de accionamiento;IMPI ΙΝΓΤη υΤΟ MWUCAMO Dt LA ntOHIOAD INOtSTWAL un primer sistema de calentamiento asociado con el primer horno para calentar y enfriar de forma controlable el interior del primer horno;un horno de embutición definido como un segundo horno, comprendiendo el segundo horno: una primera pared lateral, una segunda pared lateral opuesta, una pared superior, una pared inferior opuesta, una abertura y una pared trasera opuesta a la abertura del segundo horno, en donde la segunda abertura del primer horno y la abertura del segundo horno se conectan entre sí;una tercera pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la primera pared lateral del segundo horno y una cuarta pluralidad de rodillos transportadores adaptadores separados montados en la segunda pared lateral del segundo horno, en donde cada una de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores tiene un extremo de transporte y un extremo de accionamiento opuesto con el extremo de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores dentro del segundo horno y el extremo de accionamiento de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores extendiéndose hacia afuera a través de una respectiva de la primera y segunda paredes laterales del segundo horno, en donde el extremo de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores define una segunda trayectoria a través del segundo horno, extendiéndose la segunda trayectoria desde la primera trayectoria hasta la pared posterior del segundo horno, y el extremo de accionamiento de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores impulsado por el sistema de accionamiento;un segundo sistema de calentamiento dentro del segundo horno, en donde el segundo sistema de calentamiento comprende un sistjrr^^e^irjt INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD para calentar porciones seleccionadas de la lámina de vidrio, en donde eTsistema de girotrón comprende un girotrón para generar haces de energía de microondas? una caja óptica para colimar los haces de energía de microondas y controlar el diámetro de los haces de energía de microondas, y una caja de espejos que comprende uno o más espejos movibles para mover los haces de energía de microondas a través de un área predeterminada entre los extremos de transporte de la tercera y cuarta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, en donde la caja óptica y la caja de espejos se montan en la pared superior del segundo horno;un detector de arco para detectar la ionización de aire ambiente en el segundo homo por el girotrón, el detector de arco conectado a un monitor conectado a una fuente de energía para el girotrón, en donde el monitor envía una señal para apagar la energía a los girotrones cuando el detector de arco envía la señal de que ha ocurrido el arqueo;un transportador móvil en forma de U que comprende: una primera pata, una segunda pata opuesta y una tercera pata que une los extremos de la primera y segunda patas para proporcionar al transportador la forma de U, en donde el transportador móvil tiene un lado superior y un lado inferior opuesto, el lado inferior del transportador teniendo ruedas;una quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores que tienen un extremo de transporte y un extremo de montaje opuesto con el extremo de montaje de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores montado de manera giratoria en el lado superior de la primera pata del transportador en forma de U con el extremo de transporte de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores entre la primera y 61 IMPI^ INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD segunda patas del transportador móvil, y una sexta pluralidad ‘cííe^fodillos adaptadores con un extremo de transporte y un extremo de montaje opuesto con el extremo de montaje de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores montado de forma giratoria en el lado superior de la segunda pata del transportador en forma de U con el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores entre la primera y segunda patas del transportador móvil;en donde el transportador móvil se dimensiona para el extremo del transportador móvil para moverse dentro de la primera abertura del primer horno con el extremo transportador de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores alineado con el extremo de transporte de la primera pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores alineado con el extremo de transporte de la segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores;un carro que tiene un primer brazo extendido y un segundo brazo extendido opuesto, en donde el primer brazo extendido se soporta en el extremo de transporte de la quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, y el segundo brazo extendido se soporta en el extremo de transporte de la sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores;en donde el carro se mueve dentro del primer horno al mover el primer extremo del transportador dentro de la primera abertura del primer horno para alinear el extremo de transporte de la primera y quinta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores y el extremo de transporte de la segunda y sexta pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores, activar el sistema de impulso para accionar el extremo de accionamiento de la primera y segunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores y mover el carro del extremo de transporte de la quinta y la sexta pluralidaTd^^^ adaptadores hacia el extremo de transporte de la primera y la sagunda pluralidad de rodillos adaptadores.
Independent claims17
196 paragraphs in 39 sections, as filed
(54) Title: A HEATING AND EMBUTITING SYSTEM USING MICROWAVE CENTERED BEAM HEATING.
(54) Title: A HEATING AND SHAPING SYSTEM USING MICROWAVE FOCUSED BEAM HEATING.
(57) Summary
An aircraft transparency glass sheet embossing furnace using the cut-to-length method includes a preheating and cooling furnace defined as a first furnace, and a drawing furnace. A reciprocating-oriented conveyor moves a bending plate supporting a glass sheet through the first oven set at a preheat temperature. The glass sheet supported on the bending plate is heated in the drawing furnace by microwave beams from a gyro to heat portions of the glass sheet to be drawn into a complex shape. After the sheet is stuffed, the conveyor moves the bending plate that supports the stuffed glass sheet from the stuffing furnace through the first set furnace in a cooling cycle.
(57) Abstract
A furnace for shaping glass sheets for aircraft transparencies using the cut-to-size method ineludes a preheat and cooling furnace defined as a first furnace, and a shaping furnace. A conveyor geared for reciprocating movement moves a bending ¡ron supporting a glass sheet through the first furnace set to a preheat temperature. The glass sheet supported on the bending ¡ron ¡s heated ¡n the shaping furnace by microwave beams from a gyrotron to heat portions of the glass sheet to be shaped to a complex shape. After the sheet is shaped, the conveyor moves the bending ¡ron supporting the shaped glass sheet from the shaping furnace through the first furnace set to a cooling eyele.
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Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
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PATENT TITLE NO. 345340
Owner (s): PPG INDUSTRIES OHIO, INC.
Address: 3800 West 143<sup>ra</sup> Street, Cleveland, Ohio, 44111, USA
Denomination: A HEATING AND EMBUTITING SYSTEM USING MICROWAVE CENTERED BEAM HEATING.
Classification: lnt.CI.8: C03B23 / 023; C03B29 / 08; C03B35 / 16; C03B35 / 20; C03B40 / 00
Inventors): YU JIAO; ROBERT M. BONADDIO; JOSEPH G. KOEPFINGER; JOSEPH
MEDZIUS; JAMES FRANKLIN PRIDDY; RUSSELL WILLIS SCHRIER; DENNIS D. WARREN; CHAO YU
REQUEST
<td>Number: MX / a / 2015/016345</td><td>International filing date: May 21, 2014 PRIORITY</td>
<td>Country:</td><td>Date: Number:</td>
<td>US</td><td>May 30, 2013 13 / 905,365</td>
Validity: Twenty years
Expiration Date: May 21, 2034
The reference patent is granted based on articles 1, 2, section V, and 6, section Hl; and 59 of the Industrial Property Law.
In accordance with article 23 of the Industrial Property Law, this patent has a validity of twenty years, non-extendable, counted from the date of presentation of the international application and will be subject to the charge of the fee to keep the rights in force. . -: ....... · · -................
Who subscribes this title. This is based on the provisions of Acts »6 * sections III and 7 bis 2 of the Industrial Property Law (Official Gazette of the Federation (DO F.) 06/27/1891, amended on 08/02 / 1984 10/25/1996, 12/26/1907, 05/17/1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/2005, 01/25/2006, 05/06/2009, 01/06/2010, 06/18/2010, 06/28/2010, 01/27/2012 and 04/09/2012); Articles 1S, 3rd section V subsection a), 4<sup>or</sup> and 12th sections I and III of the Regulations of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (DOF 14/12 / 199®, amended on 07/01/2002,15/07/2004,28/07/2004 and 7/09/2007 ); Articles 1, 3. 4<sup>or</sup>, 5th section V subsection a), 16 sections I and III and 30 of the Organic Statute of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (DOF 12/27/1999, amended on 10/10/2002, 07/29/2004, 04 / 06/2004 and 09/13/2007); 1 », 3<sup>or </sup>and 5th subsection a) of the Agreement that delegates powers to the Deputy General Directors, Coordinator, Divisional Directors, Heads of Regional Offices, Divisional Deputy Directors, Departmental Coordinators and other subordinates of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property. (DOF 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000, 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007).
Issue Date: January 25, 2017
THE DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS
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<sup>1</sup> ÜxíoJ¿> f IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA PROPIEDAD A HEATING AND EMBUTITING SYSTEM THAT UflHSC
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HEATING BY BEAM FOCUSED ON MICROONoAS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Related request
The bending plates disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13 / 714,494, entitled Bending Device for Embossing Glass for Use in Aircraft Transparencies filed December 14, 2012, can be used in the implementation of the invention disclosed herein. The disclosure of United States Patent Application Serial No. 13 / 714,494 (hereinafter also referred to as USPA '494) is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
1. Field of the invention.
The present invention relates to a heating and drawing system using microwave centered beam heating and, more particularly, in a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, to a glass pilot line having an oven with two heating chambers, wherein the first heating chamber is used to preheat one or more glass substrates to a first temperature; the second heating chamber maintains the substrates at the first temperature and heats and dips selected portions of the one or more glass substrates by microwave centered beam heating, and the first heating chamber is used to
<img file="MX345340B_D0005.tif" />
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL controllably cool the one or more glass substrates to anneal or thermally temper the one or more shaped glass substrates.
2. Description of the currently available technology.
Flexing devices, commonly referred to in the flexing art as flexing plates or drawing plates, are well known in the art for drawing one or more sheets of glass for use in the manufacture of monolithic and laminated transparencies for vehicles. terrestrial, aquatic, aerial and space. The method for embossing the substrates or sheets of glass for use in the manufacture of transparencies for land and water vehicles typically includes providing one or more sheets of glass having crimped or smoothed edges and a predetermined size; moving the glass sheets supported on a flex plate through an oven to heat soften the glass sheets; inlay the glass sheets; controllable cooling drawn glass sheets to thermally anneal or temper the drawn glass sheets, and use the drawn glass sheets in the manufacture of a transparency for a land or water vehicle. The method for drawing glass substrates or sheets for use in making transparencies for air and space vehicles typically includes providing one or more sheets of glass having crimped or smoothed edges and a predetermined size; moving the glass sheets supported on a flex plate through an oven to heat soften the glass sheets; inlay the glass sheets; controllably cool the drawn glass sheets to anneal the sheets of
MEXICAN INSTINCT
OF INDUSTRIAL FROP1PTY i I 1 B.
inlaid glass; cutting the drawn glass sheets into second predetermined size; crimp or smooth the edges of the embedded sheets of glass; chemically temper the drawn glass sheets, or thermally temper the drawn glass sheets, and use the tempered glass sheets in the manufacture of a transparency for an air or space vehicle.
The difference of interest in the present description between drawing glass sheets for use with transparencies for land and water vehicles and drawing glass sheets for use with transparencies for air and space vehicles is that the glass sheets for their use with transparencies for land and water vehicles are cut to size before drawing or bending, while glass sheets for use with transparencies for air and space vehicles are cut to a larger size before drawing and cut to size after bending. For the sake of clarity, the currently available process for embossing glass sheets for use with transparencies for land and water vehicles is also referred to herein as the cut-to-size process, and the currently available process for embossing a Glass sheet for use with transparencies in air and space vehicles is also referred to herein as the cutting process after bending.
The cut-to-size process can be used to make transparencies for land and water vehicles, because the glass sheets are thinner,
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL For example, a single glass sheet for the manufacture of transparencies for land and water vehicles has a thickness in the range of 1.80 to 2.00 millimeters (mm), and normally two sheets have a thickness from 3.60 to 4.00 mm. The thickness of the glass sheets for the manufacture of transparencies for air and space vehicles is, on the other hand, thicker, for example, a single glass sheet for the manufacture of transparencies for air and space vehicles has a thickness in the range 1.80 to 19.00 millimeters (mm), and typically two sheets are 3.60 to 12.00 mm thick or three sheets are 5.40 to 18 mm thick. Because the stack of glass sheets used to make transparencies for air and space vehicles is thicker, the glass sheets are kept in the oven on the bending plate for a longer period of time to heat the stack of sheets up to their drawing or bending temperature. Holding the glass sheets for longer periods of time on a hot flex slab typically results in deterioration of the surface areas of the glass sheet in contact with the flex slab. The deterioration of the glass sheet can cause distortions in the surface of the glass sheet, which can make the optical quality of the glass sheet and the subsequently formed transparency unacceptable.
One solution to the problem is to provide a flex plate that has improvements in its design to prevent deterioration of the surface of the glass sheet in contact with the flex plate. A flex plate is disclosed in USPA '494. Another solution to the problem is to reduce the
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE. . II. , i,. . ..... OF THE PXOHY oven temperature and / or the period of time of the heating cycle
<img file="MX345340B_D0006.tif" />
stamping glass sheets to reduce or eliminate bupeiriiíH deteriuru'de of the glass sheet in contact with the bending plate during the sheet drawing process.
As can be appreciated below by those skilled in the art, it would be advantageous to provide a process for, and equipment for, embossing sheets of glass for use in aircraft and space transparencies using the cut-to-size process, while eliminating the deterioration of the surface of the glass sheet in contact with the bending plate.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers to a furnace for embossing glass sheets for aircraft transparencies, the furnace includes among other things:
a preheating and cooling furnace defined as a first furnace, the first furnace that includes among other things:
a first side wall, a second opposite side wall, a top wall, an opposite bottom wall, a first opening and a second opposite opening;
a door to cover the first opening of the first oven;
a first plurality of separate adapter conveyor rollers mounted on the first side wall and a second plurality of separate adapter conveyor rollers mounted on the second side wall, where each of the first and second pluralities of adapter rollers
IMPI ^
MEXICAN INSTITUTE
OF THE PROPERTY has a transport end and a drive end opS ^ W corF-et transport end of the first and second plüfallda'd of adapter rollers within the first furnace and the drive end of the first and second pluralities of adapter rollers extending outward through a respective one of the first and second side walls of the first oven, wherein the transport end of the first and second plurality of adapter rollers defines a first path through the first oven, the first path extending from a position spaced from the first opening of the first oven to the second opening of the first oven, and the end drive of the first and second plurality of adapter rollers driven by a drive system;
a first heating system associated with the first oven for controllably heating and cooling the interior of the first oven;
a stuffing oven defined as a second oven, including the second oven among other things:
a first side wall, a second opposite side wall, a top wall, an opposite bottom wall, an opening and a rear opposite wall to the opening of the second furnace, where the second opening of the first furnace and the opening of the second furnace are connected between yes;
a third plurality of separate adapter conveyor rollers mounted on the first side wall of the second oven and a fourth plurality of separate adapter conveyor rollers mounted on the second side wall of the second oven, where each of the third and fourth pluralities of
IMPW
MEXICAN INSTITUTE
DELA PROPERTY <^ - 3 adapter rollers has a conveying end and an opposite drive with the conveying end of the third and fourth pluralities of adapter rollers within the second furnace and the driving end of the third and fourth pluralities of adapter rollers extending through a respective one of the first and second side walls of the second furnace, wherein the transport end of the third and fourth plurality of adapter rollers defines a second path through the second furnace, the second path extending from the first path to the rear wall of the second furnace, and the drive end of the third and fourth pluralities of adapter rollers driven by the drive system;
a second heating system within the second furnace, where the second heating system includes, among other things, a gyro system for heating selected portions of the glass sheet;
a mobile U-shaped conveyor that includes, among other things:
a first leg, an opposite second leg, and a third leg that joins the ends of the first and second legs to provide the conveyor with the U-shape, where the movable conveyor has an upper side and an opposite lower side, the lower side having the wheel conveyor;
a fifth plurality of adapter rollers having a conveying end and an opposite mounting end with the mounting end of the fifth plurality of adapter rollers rotatably mounted on the upper side of the first leg of the U-shaped conveyor with the end of
IMPI ^
MEXICAN INSTITUTE
OF THE PROPERTY ^ 5 * ^ 3 transport of the fifth plurality of adapter rollers between ^^ 'ñ'merShy second legs of the movable conveyor, and a sixth plurality of adapter rollers with a conveying end and an opposite mounting end with the mounting end of the sixth plurality of adapter rollers rotatably mounted on the upper side of the second leg of the U-shaped conveyor with the transport end of the sixth plurality of adapter rollers between the first and second legs of the movable conveyor;
wherein the movable conveyor is sized to fit the end of the conveyor having the third leg to move into the first opening of the first furnace with the conveyor end of the fifth plurality of adapter rollers aligned with the conveyor end of the first plurality of rollers adapters, and the transport end of the sixth plurality of adapter rollers aligned with the transport end of the second plurality of adapter rollers;
a carriage having a first extended arm and an opposite extended second arm, where the first extended arm is supported at the transport end of the fifth plurality of adapter rollers, and the second extended arm is supported at the transport end of the sixth plurality of adapter rollers;
where the carriage moves in the first furnace moving the first end of the conveyor into the first opening of the first furnace to align the conveying end of the first and fifth plurality of adapter rollers and the conveying end of the second and sixth plurality of rollers adapters, activating the drive system to drive the drive end of the —r ------- IMPIAS
MEXICAN INSTITOTE
OF THE f * OMU> At>
iNDUSTWAL first and second pluralities of adapter rollers and moving the carriage from the transport end of the fifth and sixth pluralities of adapter rollers towards the transport end of the first and second pluralities of adapter rollers.
The present invention also relates to a glass drawing furnace, which includes, among other things:
a first tunnel kiln that includes, among other things:
a first inlet end and a first outlet end;
a first heating system for heating a glass sheet passing through the first tunnel kiln to a first predetermined temperature, and a first portion of a conveying system for moving the glass sheet through the first tunnel kiln from the first inlet end toward the first outlet end;
a stuffing oven, which includes among other things:
a second inlet end and a second outlet end, where the second inlet end connects to the first outlet end, and a second heating system to heat the glass sheet to its drawing temperature, where the second heating system comprises at least one gyrotron, an optical system and a mirror system for directing the beam from the gyro to a predetermined area within the drawing furnace to embed a predetermined portion of the glass sheet that is passed through the drawing furnace, and;
<img file="MX345340B_D0007.tif" />
IMPI a second tunnel kiln, which includes among other things:
a third inlet end and a third outlet end where the _____ inlet end connects to the second outlet end;
a third heating system to controllably cool the drawn glass sheet that is passed through the second tunnel oven, and a third portion of the conveying system to move the glass sheet through the second tunnel oven from the third inlet end toward the third outlet end.
The invention further relates to a glass drawing furnace assembly including, among other things;
a first furnace located between and connected to a second furnace and a third furnace, and the first furnace located between and connected to a fourth furnace and fifth furnace, where the second furnace opposes the third furnace and the fourth furnace opposes the fifth furnace , where the first furnace has a gyro-ton assembly for drawing glass sheets, and the second, third, fourth and fifth furnaces have heating and cooling means for heating or cooling the glass sheets;
a first door thermally separates the interior of the first oven from the interior of the second oven, a second door thermally separates the interior of the first oven from the interior of the third oven, a third door thermally separates the interior of the first oven from the interior of the fourth oven, and a fourth door thermally separates the interior of the first oven from the interior of the fifth door:
IMPI ^
MEXICAN INSTITUTE
DE í A RRUTIWAO CMm INDUSTRIAL a fifth door opposite the first door to close the entrance to the second furnace, a sixth door opposite the second door to close the entrance to the third furnace, a seventh door opposite the third door to close the entrance to the fourth oven, and an eighth door opposite the fourth door to close the entrance of the fifth oven; and a sensor operating in an elevator mechanism to selectively open or close those selected from the first to the eighth doors to move a sheet of glass through a selected one of the entrances of the second, third, fourth and fifth furnaces and into the fifth furnace.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method of operation of a pilot furnace for drawing a glass sheet for an aircraft transparency, the method includes, among other things:
placing a flat glass sheet on a bending plate having a fixed drawing rail and a drawing rail on a hinge arm defined as a movable drawing rail;
place the bending plate that has the glass sheet inside an oven to heat the glass sheet to embed the glass sheet on the fixed embossing rail while moving a beam of microwave energy from a gyro to heat the portions of the glass sheet superimposed on the movable drawing rail for drawing the portions of the glass sheet by movement of the articulation arm; and controllably cooling the drawn glass sheet to anneal the drawn glass sheet.
I
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BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated aircraft transparency illustrating the laminated structure of the transparency.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of drawn sheets that are formed in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of flat sheets that can be drawn in accordance with the teachings of the invention to, among other things, provide the drawn sheets of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a non-limiting embodiment of a bending device that can be used in the implementation of the invention to, among other things, embed glass sheets, for example, but not limited to sheets of the Figure 3 or to the drawn sheets shown in Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a non-limiting embodiment of a pilot furnace that can be used in the implementation of the invention for, among other things, sheets, heating and embedding sheets of glass, for example, but not limited to, heating and stamping the sheets of Figure 3 or the drawn sheets shown in Figure 2 in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional elevational view of the oven shown in Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of an oven door that has portions removed for clarity that incorporates the features of the <sup>13</sup> ΐΜΡη
MEXICAN INSTITUTE 1
OF THE PROPERTY
INDUSTRIAL invention to reduce heat loss between adjacent interiors of the pilot furnace shown in Figures 5 and 6; the oven door that has portions removed for clarity.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of a carriage to support the bending plate, for example, but not limited to the bending plate shown in Figure 4, and a section of the movable conveyor for moving the trolley to the extreme oven inlet port shown in Figures 5 and 6.
Figure 9 is a schematic showing a microprocessor for receiving signals from sensors and acting on the signals in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
Figure 10 is a partially cross-sectional schematic view showing a gyro that can be used in the implementation of the invention to heat selected portions of a glass sheet.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the gyro-microwave beam path for selectively heating portions of a stack of one or more sheets of glass.
Figure 12 is a side elevated cross-sectional view of another non-limiting embodiment of a pilot furnace incorporating features of the invention that can be used in implementing the invention to, among other things, heat and embed glass sheets.
Figure 13 is a further elevated plan view of another non-limiting embodiment of a pilot furnace incorporating features of the invention that can be used in implementing the invention to, among other things, sheet, heat, and embed glass sheets.
IMPI
INSTITUTE MtXICANC
DE ΙΛ FXOMF.DAD tNrXlSTUIAL
<img file="MX345340B_D0009.tif" />
Figure 14 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a<sup></sup>additional non-limiting embodiment of a furnace of the invention that can be used in the implementation of the invention to, among other things, heat and embed glass sheets.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As used herein, spatial or directional terms, such as left, right, inside, outside, up, down, and the like, refer to the invention, as shown in the Figures of the drawings. However, it should be understood that the invention may assume various alternative orientations and, accordingly, such terms should not be construed as limiting. Furthermore, as used herein, all numbers expressing dimensions, physical characteristics, processing parameters, amounts of ingredients, reaction conditions, and the like, used in the specification and claims are to be understood as modified in all cases for the term approximately. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical values set forth in the following specification and in the claims may vary depending on the desired properties that are sought to be obtained in the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical value should at least be interpreted in light of the number of significant digits reported and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Further,
IMPIOUS
ΙΝΠΊΤυΤΟ MEXICANA tí ™?
Μ ÍA ηίΟΠΕΟΛΙ '»all the intervals disclosed in the present specification must be entered ^ ñ ^^ comfr encompassing the start and end values of the interval and any' and all the subintervals subsumed therein. For intervals between (and inclusive of) a minimum value of 1 and a maximum value of 10; that is, all subintervals start with a minimum value of 1 or more and end with a maximum value of 10 or less, for example, 1 to 3.3; 4.7 to 7.5; 5.5 to 10, and the like. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "envelope" means on, but not necessarily in contact with, the surface. For example, a first substrate on a second substrate does not exclude the presence of one or more other substrates of the same or a different composition located between the first and second substrates.
Before describing the non-limiting embodiments of the invention, it is understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the particular non-limiting embodiments shown and described herein as the invention is capable of other embodiments. Furthermore, the terminology used herein to describe the invention is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Still further, unless otherwise indicated in the following description, the same numbers refer to like items.
For the purposes of the following description, the invention will be described with reference to embossing a sheet for an aircraft transparency. As will be appreciated, the invention is not limited to the material of the sheet, for example, the sheet can be, but is not limited to, a glass sheet or a plastic sheet. In the broad practice of the invention, the sheet can be made of
IMPI any desired material with any of the desired characteristics. For example, the sheet can be opaque, transparent, or translucent to visible light. By opaque it is meant to have a visible light transmission of 0%. By transparent is meant having a visible light transmission in the range of more than 0% to 100%. By translucent is meant allowing electromagnetic energy (eg visible light) to pass through, but diffusing this energy in such a way that objects on the side opposite the viewer are not clearly visible. In the preferred implementation of the invention, the sheet is a transparent glass sheet. The glass sheet may include conventional soda-lime-silica glass, borosilicate glass, or lithine-alumina-silica glass. The glass can be clear glass. By clear glass is meant non-tinted or non-colored glass. Alternatively, the glass can be tinted or otherwise colored. Glass can be annealed, tempered, or chemically or thermally treated. In the implementation of the invention, the glass can be conventional float glass, and can have any composition with any optical property, for example, any value of visible transmission, ultraviolet transmission, infrared transmission, and / or total solar energy transmission. By float glass is meant glass formed by a conventional float process. Examples of float glass processes are disclosed in US Patent Nos. 4,744,809 and 6,094,942, the patents of which are incorporated by reference herein.
In a non-limited embodiment of the invention, the glass was a transparent lithine-alumina-silica glass of the type disclosed in US Pat.
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
US Patent No. 8,062,749, and in another non-limited implementation of the invention, the glass was a transparent soda-lime-silica glass of the type disclosed in US Patent No. 4,192,689; 5,565,388, and 7,585,801.
In the preferred implementation of the invention, the glass sheet is used in the manufacture of drawn or laminated monolithic transparencies for an aircraft. However, as can be appreciated, the deep drawn glass sheets of the invention can be used in the manufacture of any type of transparency, such as, but not limited to, windshields, windows, taillights, sunroofs and sunroofs; laminated or non-laminated residential and / or commercial windows; insulating glass units, and / or transparencies for land, air, space, water and submarine vehicles. Non-limiting examples of vehicle transparencies, residential and commercial transparencies, and aircraft transparencies and the methods of manufacturing the same are found in US Patent Nos. 4,820,902; 5,028,759, 6,301,858 and 8,155,816, the patents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Shown in Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-limiting embodiment of a laminated aircraft windshield 20 having components that can be fabricated by implementing the invention. Windshield 20 includes a first glass sheet 22 secured to an intermediate layer or vinyl sheet 28 by a first urethane intermediate layer 30, and the vinyl intermediate layer 28 is secured to a heatable member 32 by a second intermediate layer of urethane 34. An edge member or
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DE LA EROFSDAD 0 ^ 1 moisture barrier barrier 36 of the type used in the art, eg§ffl] Jfo<sup>L</sup>, but<sup>-</sup> not limited to a silicone rubber or other flexible durable moisture resistant material is secured to (1) peripheral edge 38 of windshield 20, i.e., peripheral edge 38 of vinyl interlayer 28; of the first and second interlayers of urethane 30, 34 and of the heatable member 32; (2) margins or marginal edges 40 of the outer surface 42 of the windshield 20, that is, the margins 40 of the outer surface 42 of the first glass sheet 22 of the windshield 20, and (3) margins or marginal edges 44 of the outer surface 46 of the windshield 20, that is, the margins of the outer surface 46 of the heated member 32.
As appreciated by those skilled in the art and not limiting to the invention, the first glass sheet 22; vinyl interlayer 28 and first urethane interlayer 30 form the structural portion, or inner segment, of windshield 20 and outer surface 42 of windshield 20 faces the interior of the vehicle, e.g., an aircraft (not shown) , and the urethane layer 34 and the heatable member 32 form the non-structural part, or outer segment, of the windshield 20, and the surface 46 of the windshield 20 faces the exterior of the aircraft. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the heatable member 32 provides heat to remove fog from, and / or melt ice on, the outer surface 46 of the windshield 20.
Two glass pieces of drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 are shown in Figure 2 in accordance with the teachings of the invention. Each of the glass sheets 60 and 61 has curved end portions 62 and
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DE LA MOHEDAJNDUSTWAL
64, and a drawn intermediate portion 66. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 have been formed from flat glass sheets 68 and 69 shown in Figure 3 by the bending plate 70 shown in Figure 4. For a detailed description of flex plate 70 attention is directed to USPA '494. Figure 4 herein corresponds to Figure 4, respectively, of USPA '494. As can be appreciated, the invention is not limited to flex plate 70 and any flex plate design can be used in the implementation of the invention for drawing one sheet or for simultaneously drawing two sheets 68 and 69 (see Figure 3), or emboss more than two sheets in any desired shape.
Figures 5 and 6 show a non-limiting embodiment of a furnace, for example, but not limited to a pilot furnace, or apparatus 74 of the invention for heating and drawing glass sheets, for example, but not limited to Deep drawn glass sheets 68 and 69. Furnace 74 includes a first chamber or furnace 76 and a second chamber or furnace 78. The first chamber 76 preheats a glass sheet, for example, but not limited to the flat glass sheet 68 or flat glass sheets 68 and 69 (see Figure 3), supported or positioned on the bending plate 70 (Figure 4) , and controllably cools the drawn glass sheet, for example, but not limited to the drawn glass sheet 60 or drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 (Figure 2), supported or positioned on the flex plate 70 to anneal the drawn glass sheets. The second chamber 78 selectively heats portions of the flat glass sheets 68 and
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OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY in accordance with the teachings of the invention to embed glass sheets 68 and 69 into a desired shape, for example, but not limiting the invention, to the shape of drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 shown in Figure 2.
The first chamber 76 has a first opening 80 (also called the inlet 80 of the first chamber 76) and a second opening 82 (also known as the outlet 82 of the first chamber 76) opposite and separated from the first opening 80 (the second opening is clearly shown in Figure 6). The second chamber 78 has a first opening 84 (also called the inlet 84 of the second chamber 78) and a second opening 86 (also called the outlet 86 of the second chamber 78) opposite and spaced from the first opening 84 of the second chamber. 78. With this arrangement, the flat sheets 68 and 69 supported on the flex plate 70 move through the first opening 80 of the first chamber 76 into the interior 88 (see Figure 6) of the first chamber 76 to preheat the sheets of glass 68 and 69. The preheated sheets of glass 68 and 69 move through the second opening 82 of the first chamber 76 and through the first opening 84 of the second chamber 78 into the interior 90 (see Figure 6) of the second chamber 78 to controllably heating the glass sheets 68 and 69 to embed the glass sheets in accordance with the teachings of the invention. The hot drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 move from the interior 90 of the second chamber 78 through the first opening 84 of the second chamber 78 and the second opening 82 of the first chamber 76 into the interior 88 of the first chamber. 76 for controllable cooling of embedded glass sheets. Then the foils
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF LA MOflWAD ____ inlaid glass 60, 61 move from inside 88 of first chamber 76 through first opening 80 of first chamber 76.
The interior 88 of the first chamber 76 and the interior 90 of the second chamber 78 are separated from each other and from the exterior environment of the oven 74 by providing a door 92 at the entrance 80 of the first chamber 76, a door 94 at the entrance 84 of the second chamber 78 and a door 96 at the outlet 86 of the second chamber 78. As can be appreciated, the invention is not limited to the type of doors 92, 94, 96 provided at entrance 80, entrance 84 and exit 86, respectively, and any door design and / or construction can be used in the implementation of the invention. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, doors 92 and 96 were similar in design and construction. In view of the foregoing, the description is now directed to the design and construction of door 92 with the understanding that the description, unless otherwise indicated, refers to door 96. Referring to Figure 5, door 92 had sides 98 and 100 mounted on tracks 102 and 104 for reciprocating vertical movement to move up to open inlet 80, and move down to close inlet 80, of chamber 76 , and for door 96 to move up to open opening 86, and move down to close opening 86. Opening 86 of oven 78 is used to, among other things, make repairs to, and perform maintenance on, oven 78; cleaning the interior 90 of the furnace 78, for example, but is not limited to the removal of broken glass, and for the expansion of the furnace 74 which is described in detail below.
Gates 92 and 96 move along the vertical path of. IMPI ^
INSTITVTC 'MEXICANO reciprocating movement designated by the double pointed line "üer ^^ m 106 by means of a pulley arrangement 108 that includes a pair of wheels 110 ~ and M12 spaced apart and mounted on a rotating shaft 114. Cables 116, 118 had one end 120 attached to upper side 121 adjacent to sides 98, 100 of doors 92 and 96, respectively (shown clearly for door 92) and an opposite end 122, 124 of cables 116, 118 connected respectively to a pneumatic cylinder 126 (clearly shown for doors 92 and 96 in Figure 5).
In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, doors 92 and 94 were each comprised of an outer metal casing 127 with a side 128 made of steel, and the opposite side 129 facing inward of a respective one of the furnaces made of steel. stainless. The interior of the shell 127 was filled with Kaowool insulation 130 (clearly shown in Figure 5).
The drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 were transferred to the first furnace and annealed. The method of annealing sheet glass is well known in the art, for example see US Patent 7,240,519, which patent in its entirety is incorporated by reference herein, and further description is deemed unnecessary. After the sheets were annealed, the door 92 was raised and the drawn glass sheets were removed from the first oven 76. The temperature differential between the first furnace 76 and the second furnace 78 when the drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 are removed from the first furnace 76 can reach temperatures in the range of 426.67-537.78 ° C.
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY (800-1,000 ° F). More particularly, the temperature of the first oven 76 can be as low as 93.33 ° C (200 ° F), the annealed drawn glass sheets 60 and 61 are removed on the moving conveyor 202 of the first oven 76, while the temperature of the second oven 78 can be higher than 537.78 ° C (1,000 ° F), the preheat temperature of the glass. To reduce heat loss between the first and second furnaces 76 and 78, respectively, the door 94, in the preferred implementation of the invention, has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.80 BTU / (hr-ft- ° F ).
Referring to Figure 7, in a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, door 94 includes a pipe frame 94a having a gauge sheet 94b of stainless steel 11 secured to the side 94c of the pipe frame 94a and a gauge sheet 94d stainless steel 11 secured to side 94e of pipe frame 94a. A 133 layer of insulating material marketed under the registered trademark Super Firetemp<sup>R</sup> M having a thickness of 38.10 mm (1 1/2 inches) was provided within the pipe frame 94a between the stainless steel plates 94b and 94d. A layer 94g of insulating material, for example, marinigie was provided on the 94d steel sheet and covered with a 94h stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 0.20-0.25 mm (0.008-0.010 inches). Door 94 was assembled with stainless steel sheet 94h facing into oven 78. In the preferred implementation of the invention, openings 94i and 94j connect to compressor (not shown) to move room temperature compressed air through pipe from 94a to cool door 94 to prevent deformation of pipe frame 94a and the plates
94b and 94d. Optionally, the peripheral edge of the layers 94g is overlapped with the sheet 94h. "
Door 94 connects to an inverted U-shaped vertically reciprocating member 136 (clearly shown in Figure 5). More particularly, door 94 was connected to intermediate leg 137 of U-shaped member 136 via rods 138 and outer legs 139 and 140 were mounted for reciprocating vertical movement on vertical tracks 141 and 142, respectively (see Figure 5). in any convenient way. In the preferred implementation of the invention, the U-shaped member is moved vertically up and down by electric motor 145 (only shown in Figure 6). With door 94 in the lower position, inlet 84 of oven 78 is closed, and with door 94 in the lower position, inlet 84 of oven 78 is opened. In the up position as shown in Figure 6, the door 94 moves into an envelope 146 formed on one side with a vertical extension 148 of the metal roof 150 of the furnace 78 (see Figure 6) and another side 152 of the Wrap 146 is fabricated from a metal or ceramic wall secured between tracks 140 and 142 (see Figure 5).
The design and construction of the first furnace 76 is not limiting to the invention and any type of furnace for heating or preheating a glass sheet to a desired temperature, for example, a temperature below the softening temperature of the sheets. flat glass sheets 68 and 69 to prevent deterioration of the glass sheet surface and to controllably cool the drawn glass sheet, for example, but without
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL limited to inlaid glass sheets 60 and 61 in the manner described below. More particularly, a preheat temperature in the range of 315.56-482.22 ° C (600-900 ° F) was provided for a lithium-soda-lime glass sheet, and a preheat temperature was provided in the range of 482.22-551.67 ° C (900-1.025 ° F) for a soda-lime-silica glass sheet. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the first oven 76 includes the side wall 160 (see Figure 6) and the opposite side wall 162 (see Figure 5), a top wall or ceiling 164 and a bottom wall 166 to provide the interior 88 from oven 76. Adapter rollers 168 extend through side walls 160 and 162 into the interior 88 of the first oven 76 to move a carriage 170 (see Figure 8) in and out of the interior 88 of the first oven 76, in the manner described below. Infrared heaters 172 were provided on inner surface 174 of side walls 160 and 162 (only side wall 162 is shown and only shown in Figure 6), inner surface 176 of ceiling 164, and bottom wall 166 for heating the interior 82 of the first oven 76 to the desired temperature.
The design and construction of the second furnace 78 is not limiting to the invention and any type of furnace for heating a glass sheet to a desired temperature, for example, but not limiting the invention, a heating temperature in the range of 315, 56-482.22 ° C (600-900 ° F) for a lithium-soda-lime glass sheet, and a heating temperature in the range of 482.22-551.67 ° C (900-1.025 ° F ) for a soda-lime-silica glass sheet. In the preferred non-limited embodiment of the invention, the portions of the
MEXICAN INSTITUTE ÜE LA INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY stuffed glass, for example, but not limited to stuffed glass sheets 60 and 61 (see Figure 2) were heated to their highest stuffing temperatures using microwave energy generated by a gyro. Referring to Figures 5 and 6, a gyrotron 177, an optical box 178, and a mirror box 179 are shown mounted on the ceiling 180 of the second oven 78. The operation of the gyrotron 177, the optical box 178, and the mirror box 179 are described in greater detail below.
In the non-limiting embodiment of the invention under description, the second oven 78 has a construction similar to the first oven 76, and includes a side wall 180 (see Figure 6) and an opposite side wall 182 (see Figure 5), a wall top or ceiling 184 and a bottom wall 186 (see Figure 6) to provide the interior 90 of the furnace 78. Adapter rollers 168 (see Figure 6) extend through side walls 180 and 182 into the interior 90 of the second oven 78 to move the carriage 170 (see Figure 7) in and out of the interior 90 of the second oven 78, in as described below. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, infrared heaters 172 were provided on the inner surface 188 of the side walls 180 and 182 (the side wall 180 shown in Figure 6 and the side wall 182 shown in Figure 5), interior surface 190 of ceiling 184, and bottom wall 186 for heating interior 90 of second oven 78 to a desired temperature. For the lithium-aluminum-silicate glass sheets, the interior 90 of oven 78 was heated to a temperature within the range of 315.56-482.22 ° C (600-900 ° F) and for the soda glass sheets -cal-silicate, inside 90 of the oven
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE
OF PROPERTY Q · was heated to a temperature within the range of 482.22-551, 'é ^ C ^ OOO1.025 ° F). Generally, but not limiting the invention, the preheat temperature of oven 76 and the temperature of oven 78 with the gyro de-energized are similar such that the temperature reached by the glass sheets in oven 76 is maintained in oven 78.
The temperature of interiors 88 and 90 of ovens 76 and 78, respectively, was measured by thermocouples 190 and 191. Thermocouples 190 and 191 send a signal to a microprocessor 193 (see Figure 9). Microprocessor 193 acts on the signal to determine the temperature of interiors 88 and 90 of ovens 76 and 78, respectively. If the temperature of one or both of the oven interiors is below a setpoint temperature, a signal is sent along line 195 to increase the heat input to the oven. On the other hand, if the temperature of one or both of the oven interiors 88 and 90 is too high, a signal is sent along line 195 to decrease the heat input to the oven. If the temperature inside the oven is within an acceptable range, no action is taken.
The conveyor system for the oven 74 includes the adapter conveyor rollers 168 of the first oven 76 driven by a gear arrangement 192 (see Figure 5) that includes a shaft for rotation of the adapter rollers and a motor for driving the shaft (the shaft and motor of gear arrangement 192 are not shown), and includes the adapter conveyor rollers 168 of the second furnace 78 driven by a gear arrangement 194 (see Figure 5) that includes a shaft for rotation of the
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA PROPIIDAD INDUSTRIAL The adapter rollers and a motor to drive the shaft, the shaft and the motor of the 194 gear arrangement are not shown. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, using adapter conveyor rollers is well known in the art and further description is deemed unnecessary.
With reference to Figures 3-8, as necessary, in a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, in a loading station (not shown) one or more sheets of glass are placed on a flex plate, for example, the plate bending 70 shown in Figure 4. In this embodiment of the invention, two glass sheets, for example, glass sheets 68 and 69 (see Figure 3) were placed on bending plate 70, optionally ceramic material powder (not shown) can be used to avoid sticking from the embedded glass sheets 60 and 61. The bending plate 70 having the sheets 68 and 69 was placed on the carriage 170 (Figure 8) and the carriage 170 was placed on the adapter rollers 200 of a mobile conveyor 202. Mobile conveyor 202 was moved from the loading area to the oven area. The door 92 of the first oven 76 was opened (see Figures 5 and 6) and the moving conveyor 202 was moved within the opening 80 to align the adapter rollers 200 of the moving conveyor 202 with the adapter rollers 168 of the first oven 76. The carriage 170 then moved in engagement with the adjacent adapter rollers 168 of the first oven 76, and the carriage 170 was moved within 88 of the oven 76 by the adapter rollers 168 of the first oven 76. The rotation of the adapter rollers 168 was stopped when the carriage 170 was in the predetermined position inside 88 of the first oven 76, which is generally the hottest position in the first
<img file="MX345340B_D0010.tif" />
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INSTITUTO MÍXICANC DE LA PROPERTY INDUSTRIAL Kiln 76. After the rotation of the adapter rollers168 was stopped, the carriage 170 with the flex plate 70 and the glass sheets 68 and 69 remained in the first oven 76 until the glass sheets 68 and 69 reached the desired temperature, for For example, the temperature for a lithium-aluminum-silicate glass was within the range of 315.56-482.22 ° C (600-900 ° F), and the temperature for a soda-lime-silica glass was within the range of range of 482.22-551.67 ° C (900-1.025 ° F). Optionally, the carriage 170 can be moved slightly upstream and downstream along the path of movement of the conveyor to circulate the hot air in the oven around the sheets 68 and 69.
The temperature of the glass sheets can be monitored in any convenient way, for example, the temperature of the glass sheets 68 and 69 was monitored by a Land pyrometer 204 mounted on the roof 164 of the first furnace 76 (see Figure 5). More particularly, a pyrometer 204, for example, but not limited to the Land Linscanner measured the temperature of the glass as carriage 170 moved toward door 94 separating ovens 76 and 78. A signal was transmitted on line 204A to microprocessor 193 (see Figure 9). If the temperature of the glass was within an acceptable preheat temperature range, for example, at a temperature below the preheat temperature, the carriage 170 was moved into the oven 78. If the glass was not within the acceptable drawing temperature range the carriage 170 did not move within the drawing furnace 78 and the appropriate action, for example, but not limited to increasing the temperature of the furnace 76, if the
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OF PROPERTY temperature of the glass was too low or decrease the temperature dléPWftto 7 ^ if the temperature of the glass was too high, it was taken. ------------<sup>-</sup>------ After the glass sheets 68 and 69 reached the desired temperature, the door 94 of the second oven 78 was opened, and the adapter rollers 168 of the first oven 76 and the second oven 78 were driven to move the carriage through the opening 84 of the second oven 78 to a designated drawing position within the interior 90 of the second oven 78 which will be described in detail below. The door 94 of the second oven 78 can be closed at any time after the carriage 170 has passed into the second oven 78. After the carriage 170 with the glass sheets 68 and 69, and the bending plate 70 was positioned at the designated drawing position inside 88 of the second oven 78, or the carriage 170 the carriage released the door 94 As we will see below, the door 94 was closed and the deep drawing process of the invention was carried out with the gyro-ton 177 which is described in detail below.
After the glass sheets 68 and 69 were formed, the gyro-tank 177 was de-energized or deactivated, and the door 94 of the second oven 78 was opened. The adapter rollers 168 of the first and second furnaces 76 and 78, respectively, were energized to move the carriage 170 with the drawn sheet 60 and 61 from the interior 90 of the second furnace, through the opening 84 of the second furnace 78 into the interior. 88 of the first oven 74. As the carriage 170 moved into the interior 88 of the first oven 76, the door 94 of the second oven 78 was closed. The glass sheets were controllably cooled to anneal the sheets. When the annealing process was completed, gate 92 of the first
MEXICAN INSTITUTE • E LA PR0MKDAD INDUSTRIAL oven 76 was opened and the moving conveyor 202 (see Figure 8) moved into opening 80 of the first oven 76 in alignment with the adapter rollers 168 of the first oven 76. The adapter rollers 168 of the first oven oven were energized to move carriage 170 out of interior 88 of first oven 76 onto moving conveyor 202. The moving conveyor with carriage 170 was moved to an unloading station (not shown) and the drawn glass sheets were removed from the bending plate 70 in any usual manner.
The description is now directed to the use of the gyro-ton 177 (see Figures 5, 6 and 10, as necessary) to heat portions of one or more glass sheets to their bending or drawing temperature. As described above, aircraft transparency glass is made by the process of cutting after bending to remove parts of the glass sheets that have optical distortions, for example, but not limited to this as a result of long periods of time required for the glass sheets to rest on the bending plate to reach the desired temperature for bending. For example and without limiting the invention, it is envisaged that the time period for heating the flat glass sheets to their drawing temperature can be reduced by 30-40% by using a gyro to heat selected portions of the glass sheets to its bending or drawing temperature. As can be seen below, it is expected that a reduction in the heating period of 30-40% will reduce, if not eliminate, the deterioration of the glass sheet in contact with the bending plate and allow the formation of sheets of aircraft transparency glass using cut-to-size process rather than post-flex cut process.
As is known in the art, a gyrotron is an electronic vacuum device capable of generating high power, high frequency radiation in Terahertz (THz). Its operation is based on the stimulated cyclotron radiation of electrons oscillating in a strong magnetic field typically provided by a superconducting magnet. A schematic indicating the various parts of the gyrotron 177 is shown in Figure 10. In general, and not limiting to the invention, in the operation of the gyro-robot 177, the electrons that are emitted by a cathode 206 surrounded by coil gun magnets 208, are accelerated in a strong magnetic field from a superconducting magnet 210. While a electron beam 212 travels through the strong magnetic field 210, the electrons begin to rotate at a specific frequency determined by the intensity of the magnetic field. In a cavity 214, which is at the position with the highest magnetic field intensity, the THz radiation is strongly amplified. A mode converter 216 is used to form free Gaussian beams (217) that leave the gyro 177 through a window 222 and are coupled to a waveguide 224. Gyro trons are well known in the art and further description is provided considered unnecessary. The gyrotron used in implementing the invention was of the type marketed by Gyrotron Technology, Inc. of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
With continued reference to Figure 10, Gaussian free beams 217 are passed through waveguide 224 to optical box 178. Optical box 178 has mirrors (not shown) arranged as is known in the art.
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OF INDUSTRIAL METHODS to collimate Gaussian free beams 217 into a single beam 225 and control the size, for example, of beam diameter 225. Collimated beam 225 exits optical box 178 through waveguide 226 and is passes mirror box 179. Mirror box 179 has one or more movable mirrors 228 (a mirror is shown in dotted lines in Figure 10) for moving beam 225 through a predetermined area defined by cone 230 ( see Figures 6 and 10). In Figure 8, beams 225 moving through cone 230 impinge on the flat glass sheet, for example, flat glass sheets 68 and 69 located on a flex plate, for example, flex plate 70 (Figure 4). Sheets 68 and 69, and flex plate 70 are shown in the block diagram of Figure 10.
The description now turns to the use of beam 225 of gyro-robot 177 to heat portions 232 of flat glass sheets 68 and 69 (see Figure 3) that conform to link arm 234 of flex plate 70 (Figure 4) and the portions 236 drawn by the fixed drawing rail 238 of the bending plate 70. In general, the flat glass sheets 68 and 69 located on the drawing rail 239 of the link arm 234 maintain the link arm 234 in a lower position as seen in Figure 4, keeping the weight 240 in the upper position. As the portion 232 of the glass sheets 68 and 69 overlapping the drawing rail 239 of the link arm 234 of the bending plate 70 is heated to the drawing temperature of the glass sheets 68 and 69, the weight 240 moves downward, moving link arm 234 upward to embed portion 232 of
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INSTITUTE Μ EXICANO DE LA RROMEDAD INDUSTRIAL glass sheet 68 and 69 in the form 232 shown in sheets 60 and 61 of Figure 2. For a more detailed description of the operation of the articulation arm 234 of the bending plate 70 reference should be made to USPA '494. The portions 236 of the flat glass sheets 68 and 69 are formed by fixed drawing rails 238 for the portions 236 of the drawn glass sheets 60 and 61. In the implementation of the invention, the portions 232 and 236 of the glass sheets 62 are heated by the beams 225 of the gyrotron 177 to rapidly reach the bending temperature in the range of 537.78-593.33 ° C (1,000 at 1,100 ° F) for lithium-aluminum-silicate glass and in the range of 593.33-648.89 ° C (1,100 to 1,200 ° F) for soda-lime-silicate glass.
The microprocessor or computer 193 (Figure 9) was programmed for example, but not limited to a signal sent along the cable 239, to control the operation of the mirrors of the optical box 178 to establish the size of the beam 225 incident on the portions of the glass sheets being formed; the movement of the mirror 228 of the mirror box 179 to control the direction of movement and the speed of movement of the beam 225 in the area 230 (see Figure 10), and the energy of the beam 225 by altering the anode voltage, the magnetic field strength and / or voltage applied to the gyro system. With reference to Figures 9 and 10, as necessary, the mirror 228 operated by the microprocessor 193 moves the beam 225 along a predetermined path 244 on the surface 246 of the top glass sheet, for example, the glass sheet. top glass 68 faces toward mirror box 179 (see also Figure 11). The 225 energy beam, as it moves along
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA HtOPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL along path 244 in the area of the sheets designated with the number 236, heats the glass sheets to their softening temperature so that the glass sheets take the shape of the fixed drawing rail 238 (see Figure 4). Energy beam 225, as it moves along path 244 in the area of the sheets designated 232 (see Figure 11), heats the glass sheets to their drawing temperature, at which time the Articulating arm 234 of flex plate 70 forms the slats in area 232. Mounted through the roof 180 of furnace 78 on either side of mirror box 177 are pyrometers 250, for example, but not limited to Land pyrometers 250 (see Figure 6) to monitor the temperature of the glass. Pyrometers 250 are connected to microprocessor or computer 193 via cable 251 to send a signal to microprocessor 193, and the microprocessor sends a signal along cable 239 to maintain the temperature of selected portions of the glass within a temperature range. desired by altering the speed of the beam 225 along the path 244 and altering the energy of the beam as described above. More particularly, decreasing the speed of the beam 225 increases the temperature of the glass and vice versa, and increasing the anode voltage, the magnetic field, and / or the applied voltage increases the temperature of the glass and vice versa.
The following is a non-limited embodiment of the invention for embedding a glass sheet for use in manufacturing an aircraft transparency. The flat glass sheets 68 and 69 (Figure 3) were placed on the bending plate 70 (Figure 4) and the bending plate 70 was placed on the carriage 170 (Figure 7) and the
MEXICAN INSTITUTE. ,. . . . ^ .. FROM! .TO PROPERTY VimiSWar carriage was placed on the adapter rollers 260 of the conveyor2O2í<sup>L</sup>EI c & fRr
170 with the bending plate 70 and the glass sheet 68 sernovioHt ¡ii I read luí 88ttel —-- first furnace 76 (Figure 6) using the adapter rollers 168 of the first furnace
76. The glass sheets in the closed interior of the first furnace 76 were heated to a temperature below the softening point temperature of the glass. Next, the carriage 170 with the hot glass sheets 68 and 69 was moved by the adapter rollers 168 of the first furnace 76 and the second furnace 78 into the interior 90 of the second furnace 78 and was positioned within the area of the cone 230 (see Figures 6 and 10).
The temperature of the interior 90 of the second furnace 78 is generally the same temperature as the interior 88 of the first furnace 76, that is, a temperature lower than the temperature of drawing the glass sheets on the bending plate 70. At this temperature the Glass sheets on the bending plate have not been shaped. After the carriage 170 positions the sheet within the cone 230, the gyrotron 177, the optical box 178 and the mirror box 179 are activated to move the beam 225 along the path 244 (see Figure 10). Since the beam 225 moves along the scan path 244, the gyrotron 177 is in a working mode. Energy beam 225 moving along path 244 in the area of the sheets designated 236, heats the glass sheets to their softening temperature so that the glass sheets take the shape of the drawing rail fixed 238 (see Figure 4). Energy beam 225 moving along path 244 in the area of the blades designated 232
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL (see Figure 9) heats the glass sheets to their drawing temperature, at which time the articulation arm 234 of the bending plate 70 embeds the sheets in area232. As the beam moves along segments 250 of the scan path, the beam is in the working mode to heat segment 232 of sheet 68. As the segment or portion 232 of the sheet 68 heats up, the segment of sheet softens and the weight 240 of the bending plate moves the hinge rail 238 upward to embed the portion 232 of the sheet 268. After that The sheets were formed, the power to the gyro-robot 177 is reduced or disconnected to put the gyro-robot and beam 225 into the idle mode.
The adapter rollers 168 of the second and first furnaces 78 and 76, respectively move the carriage 170 having the drawn sheets 60 and 61 from the interior 90 of the second oven 78 to the interior 88 of the first oven 76. The drawn sheets in the first oven 76 they are controllably cooled to temper the drawn glass sheets. Next, the carriage 170 is moved by the adapter rollers 168 of the first oven 76 on the movable conveyor 202, and the movable conveyor moves to a discharge area (not shown).
As can be seen below, care is taken to ensure that carriage 170 (see Figure 9) moves in ovens 76 and 78, and between ovens 76 and 78, when doors 92 and 94 (see Figures 5 and 6) are open. As a safety measure, tracking sensors 300, 302, and 304 are used to track the position of carriage 170 as it moves through ovens 76 and 78. Although not limited to the invention, each of the tracking sensors
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300, 302 and 304 included a beam of continuous light generated, for example, but not limited to a beam of laser generated from incident light on a detector. As the carriage 170 moved through the continuous light beam, the beam was directed away from the detector and the detector sends a signal along a wire 306 to the microprocessor 193 indicating that the light beam was not striking the detector. Microprocessor 193 sends a signal along cable 308 to open or close door 92 or door 94. By way of illustration and not as a limitation of the invention, tracking detector 300 was located in oven 76 separate from door 92 a distance greater than the width of carriage 170. The path of the light beam was transverse to the path of travel of carriage 170. When carriage 170 moved into oven 76, carriage 170 interrupted the beam of light by directing the beam away from sensor detector 300. Tracking sensor detector 300 sent a signal along wire 306 to microprocessor 193 indicating that the light beam did not hit the detector and the microprocessor sent a signal along wire 308 to power motor 124 (see Figure 5) to close door 92.
Optionally, glass sheets 68 and 69 are heated as carriage 170 moves through oven 76, or glass sheets 68 and 69 move toward the center of the oven and stop to heat the sheets. After the glass sheets were heated, the glass sheets 68 and 69 (see Figure 3) and the cart 170 moved towards the door 94 that separates the ovens 76 and 78. The car interrupted the light beam from sensor 302 and a signal was transmitted along wire 308 to microprocessor 193 to power the motor
<img file="MX345340B_D0011.tif" />
F. INDUSTWAL
145 to raise door 94. The system is timed in such a way that the carriage
193 It can be moved continuously from oven 76 to oven 78 without interruptions. Carriage 193 moves into oven 78 and after fully entering oven 78 interrupts the light beam from sensor 304. Sensor 304 sends a signal along wire 308 to microprocessor193 to close door 94; microprocessor 193 sends a signal along wire 308 to power the motor to close door 94. Carriage 170 moves to the stuffing position and the conveyor stops. As can be seen, the distance from the drawing position for the light beam of the detector 304, and the speed of the carriage 170 are known, and in this way the movement of the conveyor can be stopped when the carriage and the glass sheets are in the stuffing position. In another non-limiting embodiment of the invention, a tracking or position sensor 309 (shown in dashed lines and shown only in Figure 6 is used to position carriage 170 in the stuffing position. When the carriage 170 moves or interrupts the beam of light from the position sensor 309, a signal is sent, for example, along the cable 306 to the microprocessor 193 and the microprocessor sends a signal, for example, along the cable 308 to stop the rotation of the adapter rollers to place the carriage 170 and the glass sheets in the drawing position. Optionally, sensor 309 and microprocessor timing can be used to position the carriage relative to the beams.
After the glass sheets 68 and 69 are formed, the carriage 170 and the drawn sheets move out of the oven 74. More particularly and without limiting the invention, the carriage 170 deflects or interrupts the light beam from the sensor
<img file="MX345340B_D0012.tif" />
IMPI
INSTITUTE Μ MUCAMO Μ LA PK0H1DAD INDUSTRIAL
304 opens door 94, which interrupts the light beam from detector 302 closes door 94, which interrupts the light beam from detector 300 opens door 92.
As can be appreciated the invention is not limited to the design of oven 74, and the invention contemplates the implementation of the invention with any type of oven, such as, but not limited to, the ovens shown in Figures 5 and described above. , and Figures 12-14 described below.
More particularly, shown in Figure 12 is an oven 258 having the first and second ovens 76 and 78, respectively, exposed above and an oven 260 attached to the second opening 86 of the second oven 78 (see Figures 5, 6 and 12) . Furnace 260, in this non-limiting embodiment of the invention, is similar, if not identical, to first furnace 76. With the oven arrangement shown in Figure 12, the carriage 170 having the bending plate 70 with the sheets 68 and 69 in a single non-limiting embodiment of the invention can be moved along the path indicated by the arrow 270 through oven 76 to preheat glass sheets 68 and 69, through furnace 78 to embed glass sheet 68 and through furnace 260 to anneal embedded glass sheets 60 and 61 as described above for first furnace 76. In a second non-limiting embodiment of the invention, furnace 258 can inlay glass sheets 68 and 69 using first and second furnaces 76 and 78, respectively as previously described by moving the carriage 170 having the bending plate 70 with the glass sheets 68 and 69 along an alternative path designated by the arrow 272 and forming a second group of glass sheets 68 and 69 using ovens 78 and 260 similarly to ovens 76 and 78, and ζ—
IMPI ^ MEXICAN INSTITUTE r¡¡p οε LA fWFItÜAD moving the second group of glass sheets along an alternative tf ^^ btona 'designated by arrow 274. - *
In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the invention, furnace 260 is a cooling station used to thermally temper or thermally harden shaped glass, for example, but not limited to soda-lime-silicate drawn glass sheets. The glass sheets move along the path designated 278 to embed the glass sheets 68 and 69 in the ovens 76 and 78 as described above and to move the drawn glass sheets into the cooling oven. 250 for thermally tempering drawn glass sheets 60 and 61. Equipment for tempering sheets of glass is well known in the art, for example, disclosed in US Patent Nos. 3,936,291; 4,004,901; 4,976,762, and 8,234,883, the patents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Referring to Figure 13, another non-limited embodiment of an oven designated 261 is shown. Oven 261 includes ovens 76, 78, and 260 (see Figure 12) and ovens 262 and 264. Stuffing oven 78 It is between ovens 262 and 264. Glass processed with furnace 261 has travel paths 270 and 278 in the horizontal direction and travel paths 270a and 278a in the vertical direction as seen in Figure 13; alternate travel paths 272 and 274, and alternate travel paths 275 and 276 in the vertical direction as seen in Figure 13. Glass sheets moving along travel path 276 can be moved in and out of furnaces 262 and 78, and
MEXICAN INSTITUTE dí la m> Pur) Ao INDUSTRIAL kilns 264 and 78. As can be seen, the transport system for kiln 78 shown in Figure 13 is adjustable or is provided with a transport system of two launches to move the carriage along path 278 through ovens 262, 78, and 262, and to move the carriage along path 278a through ovens 76, 78, and 260.
Referring to Figure 14, a further non-limiting embodiment of a furnace of the invention designated 280 is shown. Furnace 280 includes a first tunnel furnace 282 for preheating flat glass sheets 68 and 69 as they progress. in the direction of arrow 284. Glass sheets 68 and 69 can be positioned on flex plate 70, or as described above, flex plate 70 can be located on carriage 170. The stuffing furnace 286 located at the outlet end 287 of the tunnel furnace 282 may have any number of gyro to provide any number of stuffing zones, for example, one stuffing zone 230 is shown in solid line, or two zones of embossing 231 are shown in dashed line, or three embossing zones shown in solid line 230 and by way of transparency 231. A second furnace tunnel 288 is connected to the outlet end 289 of drawing furnace 286 to thermally anneal or temper the drawn glass sheets 60 and 61.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, during drawing of the sheets, the inlet opening 290 of the first tunnel kiln 282 and the outlet opening 292 of the second tunnel kiln 288 can remain open. The doors to enter and exit the stuffing oven 286 are preferably opened
<img file="MX345340B_D0013.tif" />
IMPI
ΙΜΠΤη / ΤΟ MEXICANO DE LA FlOPiSDAD to move the embedded glass sheets in and out of the hOPIW ^ ee, during the stuffing of the glass sheets in the βΓΠΒΤΙΤΙόΙόη 286 furnace, the doors (see Figures 5 and 6) are closed to minimize heat loss during the sheet drawing process. Optionally and within the scope of the invention, the tunnel furnace doors may remain open for continuous movement of the glass sheets through the tunnel furnace to embed the glass sheets.
The invention further contemplates the use of safety equipment to limit or prevent harm to persons operating the equipment, and / or to prevent or limit damage to equipment. For example and without limiting the description, the kit includes an arc detector 330. The arc detector 330 is mounted in the oven 78 and includes a photoelectric cell connected to the microprocessor 193 through the cable 306. Arc formation, as is known in the art, is ionized matter, for example, but is not limited to a pocket of dust-borne air and appears as a burst of light. The phenomenon of arcing is well known in the art and further description is deemed unnecessary. The detector photoelectric cell 330 detects arcing and sends a signal along cable 305. The microprocessor 193 sends a signal along the cable 308 to close the gyro to prevent injury to personnel around the furnace 78 and the equipment of the gyro.
Non-limiting embodiments of the invention have been described for embedding two sheets of glass. As can now be appreciated, the invention is not limited thereto and the invention can be implemented in one sheet, or more than two
<img file="MX345340B_D0014.tif" />
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE DE LA MOHEDA O INDUSTRIAL sheets, for example, but not limited to three, four or more sheets.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the non-limiting embodiments of the invention disclosed herein without departing from the concepts disclosed in the foregoing description. Accordingly, the particular non-limiting embodiments of the invention described in detail herein are illustrative only and are not limited to the scope of the invention, to which the full breadth of the appended claims and of any and all is to be provided. their equivalents.
Contents39
32 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23 Sheet 24 Sheet 25 Sheet 26 Sheet 27 Sheet 28 Sheet 29 Sheet 30 Sheet 31 Sheet 32
30 members in 10 offices
Priority claims9
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13905365 | United States of America | – | |
| 201313905365 | United States of America | A | |
| 201313905365 | United States of America | A | |
| 2014038918 | United States of America | W | |
| 2014038918 | United States of America | W | |
| 13905365 | – | – | – |
| PCTUS2014038918 | – | – | – |
| US201313905365 | – | – | – |
| WO2014US38918 | – | – | – |
Members30
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2912845A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| US2014352357A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| WO2014193709A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| US9108875B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2015344346A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| CN105246847A | China | A | |
| MX2015016345A | Mexico | A | |
| EP3004000A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| MX345340BThis record | Mexico | B | |
| CA2994524A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2017023436A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| TW201718419A | Taiwan Province of China | A | |
| BR112015029864A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| CN105246847B | China | B | |
| CN107848864A | China | A | |
| TWI625309B | Taiwan Province of China | B | |
| EP3331831A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| BR112018002494A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| JP2018528147A | Japan | A | |
| CA2912845C | Canada | C | |
| CA2994524C | Canada | C | |
| JP6592586B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| US10526232B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2020087191A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| CN107848864B | China | B | |
| EP3835272A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| EP3004000B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| ES2880280T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| US11414338B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2023027667A1 | United States of America | A1 |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Grant or registrationFG | FG |
Numbers
- Publication
- 345340
- Publication, DOCDB
- 345340
- Publication, EPODOC
- MX345340
- Application
- 2015016345
- Application, DOCDB
- 2015016345
- Application, EPODOC
- MX20150016345
Titles2
- Spanish
- UN SISTEMA DE CALENTAMIENTO Y EMBUTICION QUE UTILIZA CALENTAMIENTO POR HAZ CENTRADO EN MICROONDAS.
- English
- A HEATING AND EMBUIDING SYSTEM USING MICROWAVE CENTERED BEAM HEATING.
Classification
- CPC, 8
- C03B23/0235
- C03B35/16
- C03B35/202
- C03B40/005
- C03B29/08
- C03B35/187
- C03B25/025
- C03B2225/02
- IPC, 5
- C03B35 20
- C03B23 023
- C03B29 08
- C03B40 00
- C03B35 16