Methods of forming at least a portion of earth-boring tools, and articles formed by such methods.
Abstract
Methods of forming at least a portion of an earth-boring tool include providing particulate matter comprising a hard material in a mold cavity, melting a metal and the hard material to form a molten composition comprising a eutectic or near-eutectic composition of the metal and the hard material, casting the molten composition to form the at least a portion of an earth-boring tool within the mold cavity, and providing an inoculant within the mold cavity. Methods of forming a roller cone of an earth-boring rotary drill bit comprise forming a molten composition, casting the molten composition within a mold cavity, solidifying the molten composition to form the roller cone, and controlling grain growth using an inoculant as the molten composition solidifies. Articles comprising components of earth-boring tools are fabricated using such methods.

Term
4.6 yearsleft in the term
Expires 19 May 2031.
- Priority
- Filed
- Granted
- Today
- Expires
18 claims: 3 independent, 15 dependent
- 1REIVINDICACIONES 1. Un método para formar por lo menos una porción de una herramienta para perforar la tierra, caracterizado porque consiste en:proporcionar materia particulada que comprende un ( material duro en una cavidad de molde;fundir un metal y el material duro para formar una composición fundida que comprende una composición eutéctica o casi eutéctica del metal y el material duro;.vaciar la composición fundida para formar por lo menos una porción de una herramienta para perforar la tierra dentro de la cavidad de molde;y proporcionar un inoculante dentro de la cavidad de molde.
- 2El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque además comprende ajustar una estequiometría de por lo menos una fase de material duro de por lo menos una porción de la herramienta para perforar la tierra.
- 3El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque el ajuste de una estequiometría de por lo menos una fase de material duro de por lo menos una porción de la herramienta para perforar la tierra comprende convertir por lo menos una de una fase de M S C y una fase de Mi 2 C a por lo menos una de una fase de MC y una fase de M 2 C, IMPI IN5T tT??° Mí *<CANO tJE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL en donde M es carbono. por lo menos un elemento de metal y C es
- 4El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque convertir por lo menos una de una fase de M 6 C y una fase de M 12 C por lo menos en una de una fase de MC y una fase de M 2 C comprende convertir W x Co y C en WC, en donde x es de aproximadamente 0.5 a aproximadamente 6 e y es de aproximadamente 0.5 a aproximadamente 6.
- 5El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la fundición de un metal y un material duro para formar una composición fundida comprende fundir una mezcla que comprende de aproximadamente 40% a aproximadamente 90% en peso de cobalto o aleación de cobalto y de aproximadamente 0.5% a aproximadamente 3.8% en peso de carbono, en donde el resto de la mezcla por lo menos se comprende sustancialmente de tungsteno.
- 6El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la fundición de un metal y un material duro para formar una composición fundida comprende fundir una mezcla que comprende de aproximadamente 55% a aproximadamente 85% en peso de cobalto o aleación a base de cobalto y de aproximadamente 0.85% a aproximadamente 3.0% en peso de carbono, en donde un balance de la mezcla está por lo menos substancialmente comprendido de tungsteno.
- 7El método de conformidad con la reivindicación IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD INtXISTtlAL 1, caracterizado porque la fundición de_ un metal v un material duro para formar una composición fundida comprende fundir una mezcla que comprende de aproximadamente 65% a aproximadamente 78% en peso de cobalto o aleación a base de cobalto y de aproximadamente 1.3% a aproximadamente 2.35% en peso de carbono, en donde un balance de la mezcla está por lo menos substancialmente comprendido de tungsteno.
- 8El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la fundición de un metal y un material duro para formar una composición fundida comprende fundir una mezcla que comprende aproximadamente 69% en peso de cobalto o aleación a base de cobalto, aproximadamente 1.9% en peso de carbono, y aproximadamente 29.1% en peso de tungsteno.
- 9El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la fundición de un metal y un material duro para formar una composición fundida comprende fundir aproximadamente 75% en peso de cobalto o aleación a base de cobalto, aproximadamente 1.53% en peso de carbono, y aproximadamente 23.47% en peso de tungsteno.
- 10El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la provisión del inoculante comprende proporcionar por lo menos uno de un aluminato de metal de transición, un metasilicato de metal de transición y un óxido de metal de transición. IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL
- 11El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la provisión del inoculante comprende/ proporcionar por lo menos uno de aluminato de cobalto, metasilicato de cobalto, y óxido de cobalto.
- 12El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la fundición de un metal y un material duro para formar una composición fundida comprende formar una composición eutéctica o casi eutéctica de cobalto y carburo de tungsteno.
- 13El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la provisión del inoculante comprende controlar el crecimiento de los granos cuando la composición fundida solidifica./
- 14Un método para formar un cono de rodillo de una barrena de perforación rotativa para perforar la tierra, que comprende:formar una composición fundida que comprende una composición eutéctica o casi eutéctica de cobalto y carburo de tungsteno, vaciar la composición fundida dentro de una cavidad de molde;solidificar la composición fundida dentro de la cavidad de molde para formar el cono de rodillo;y z controlar el crecimiento de los granos utilizando Y ..... un inoculante conforme la composición fundida solidifica IMPI dentro de la cavidad de molde.
- 15El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque además comprende convertir por lo menos una de una región de fase de W 3 Co 3 C y una región de fase de W 6 Co 6 C dentro del cono de rodillo por lo menos en una de WC y W 2 C.
- 16El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque la formación de una composición fundida comprende formar una composición fundida que comprende aproximadamente 69% en peso de cobalto o aleación a base de cobalto, aproximadamente 1.9% en peso de carbono, y aproximadamente 29.1% en peso de tungsteno.
- 17El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque el control del crecimiento de los granos comprende la adición de por lo menos uno de un aluminato de metal de transición, un metasilicato de metal de transición, y un óxido de metal de transición a la cavidad de molde.
- 18El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque el control del crecimiento de los granos comprende adicionar por lo menos uno de aluminato de z cobalto, metasilicato de cobalto, y óxido de cobalto a la cavidad de molde. IMPI INST Í^,‘Í'? , Cano Dt LA .£!í? nn, AD industrial
Independent claims18
256 paragraphs in 77 sections, as filed
(54) Title: METHODS TO FORM AT LEAST ONE PORTION OF TOOLS FOR DRILLING THE EARTH AND ITEMS FORMED BY SUCH METHODS.
(54) Title: METHODS OF FORMING AT LEAST A PORTION OF EARTH-BORING TOOLS, AND ARTICLES FORMED BY SUCH METHODS.
(57) Summary
Methods for forming at least a portion of a ground drilling tool include providing particulate matter comprising a hard material in a mold cavity, melting a metal, and the hard material to form a molten composition comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition. metal and hard material, pouring the molten composition to form at least a portion of a ground drilling tool within the mold cavity and providing an inoculant within the mold cavity. Methods of forming a roll cone of a ground rotary drill bit include forming a molten composition, pouring the molten composition into a mold cavity, solidifying the molten composition to form the roll cone, and controlling grain growth using an inoculant. as the molten composition solidifies. Articles comprising components of ground drilling tools are manufactured using such methods.
(57) Abstract
Methods of forming at least a portion of an earth-boring tool inelude providing particulate matter comprising a hard material in a mold cavity, melting a metal and the hard material to form a molten composition comprising a eutectic or neareutectic composition of the metal and the hard material, casting the molten composition to form the at least a portion of an earth-boring tool within the mold cavity, and providing an inoculant within the mold cavity. Methods of forming a roller cone of an earth-boring rotary drill bit comprise forming a molten composition, casting the molten composition within a mold cavity, solidifying the molten composition to form the roller cone, and controlling grain growth using an inoculant as the molten composition solidifies. Articles comprising components of earth-boring tools are fabricated using such methods.
SE íecrkaA bí ícoNaMfc
<img file="MX340467B_D0001.tif" />
Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
<img file="MX340467B_D0002.tif" />
PATENT TITLE NO. 340467
Headline (s): BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
Address: PO, Box 4740, Houston, Texas, 77210-4740, USA
Name: METHODS TO FORM AT LEAST ONE PORTION OF TOOLS FOR DRILLING THE EARTH AND ITEMS FORMED BY SUCH METHODS
Classification:
Inventors):
lnt.CI.8: B22D19 / 06; B22D19 / 14; B22D19 / 16; C22C1 / 02; C22C1 / 10; C22C19 / 07; E21B10 / 08
JOHN H, STEVENS ¿f! «Blb Afc waaá
MX / a / 2012/013456
REQUEST
International filing date: May 19, 2011
PRIORITY
Country:
US
Validity: Twenty years
Date:
May 2010
Number:
61/346,715
Expiration Date: May 19, 2031
The reference patent is granted based on articles 1, 2, section V, 6, section III. and 69 of the Industrial Property Law.
In accordance with article 23 of the Industrial Property Law, this patent has a non-extendable term of twenty years, counted from the date of filing of the international application and will be subject to the payment of the tariff to keep the rights.
Whoever subscribes the present titled it does so based on the provisions of the ricuiQS 8 · fncctenaa H and 7 ° bis 2 of the Industrial Property Law (Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) 08/27/1991, amended on 02 / 08/1994, 2S / 10/1996, 12/26/1987, 05/17/1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/200!% 25/01/2 ($ 6, 06/06/2009, 01/06/2010, 06/16/2010 06/28 „d10,> 07/01/201? V 00» 4/2012); articles ♦ », 3rd section V subsection a), sub subsection iii) 4th and 12th sections l and lll of the requirement of the Maa Institute« aru da ta P<sup>r</sup> Industriality (DO.F. 12/14/1999, «reformed on 07/01/2002,15 / O7 / 20B4, 07/28/2004 and 07/09/400 /) ertfculoe 1» 3, 4 * S ”Badeón V Subsection a), sub Subsection iii) 16 Urination I and lll y ¢ 0 of the Organic Statute of the Mexican Property Institute 111009889 ^ (0 ^^ 12/27/1999, amended on 10/10/2020 ^ 2, 07/29/2004, D ^ / 08/2004 and 13/89 / ^ 5 (^), <sup>1</sup>°. <sup>3 <t</sup>^ 6th ingis q) and antepemillrop paragraph d8i. ^ StSft ^ Ufi-4filYes ^. facute (Jps Piredferes Generales AófulW, ffcoróWacRSr Divisional Directors, Ttufares Óe fas Oftefnai WMttles, «óSfetote C
Br, Directors' nales, Headlines Óe
Departmental and other subordinates of the Mexican Property Institute 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007)
Coordinators
Industrial (DOF 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000,
Issue Date: July 8, 2016
DIVISIONAL DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF EXAMINATION OF PATENT FUND AREAS
<img file="MX340467B_D0003.tif" />
IMPI
<img file="MX340467B_D0004.tif" />
Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
METHODS TO FORM AT LEAST ONE PORTION OF TOOLS
DRILLING THE EARTH AND ARTICLES FORMED BY TALEb 'MÉ'lWUü'
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Modalities of the present disclosure relate to earth-drilling tools, such as rotary earth-drilling bits, components of such tools, and methods of making such earth-drilling tools, and components thereof.
Drilling tools are commonly used to form (for example, drill and ream) test pits or wells (after this drills) in onshore deposits. Earth drilling tools include, for example, rotary drill bits, core bits, eccentric bits, bicentral bits, reamers, broaders, and drills.
Different types of rotary drill bits for drilling into the ground are known in the art including, for example, fixed drill bits (which are often referred to in the art as drag bits), roller drill bits (which they are often referred to in the art as rock bits), diamond impregnated bits, and hybrid bits (which may include, for example, both fixed bits and roller bits). Auger
IMPI
Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
<img file="MX340467B_D0005.tif" />
Drilling is rotated and advanced towards the underground yatillllünte. As the drill bit rotates, the drill bits or abrasive structures cut, crush, shear, and / or erode the reservoir material to form the hole.
The drill bit is coupled, either directly or indirectly, to one end of what is referred to in the art as a drill string, which comprises a series of elongated tubular segments connected end-to-end and extend into the bore from the reservoir surface. Often various tools and components, including the drill bit, can be coupled together at the distant end of the drill string at the bottom of the drill hole being drilled. This tool and component assembly is referred to in the art as a downhole assembly (BHA).
The drill bit can be spun within the bore by rotating the drill string from the surface of the reservoir, or the drill bit can be spun by coupling the drill bit to a motor at the bottom of the hole, which is also mates with the drill string and is arranged near the bottom of the bore. The bottom hole motor may comprise, for example, a Moineau type hydraulic motor having a shaft, to which it is mounted
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE Dt THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0006.tif" />
the drill bit, which can be rotated by pumping fluid (eg, mud or drilling fluid) from the reservoir surface through the center of the drill string, through the hydraulic motor, out of the nozzles in the drill bit and back to the reservoir surface through the annular space between the outer surface of the drill string and the exposed surface of the reservoir within the borehole.
Roller mill drill bits typically include three roller cones mounted on support drill bits that extend from a drill body, which can be formed from, for example, three weld drill head sections together to form the auger body. Each bit end can depend on the bit head section. Each roller cone is configured to rotate or rotate in a bearing shaft that extends from an auger end in a direction radially inward and downward from the auger end. Cones are typically formed from steel, although they can also be formed from a particle matrix composite (eg, a cermet compound such as cemented tungsten carbide). Cutting teeth for cutting rock and other land deposits can be machined or otherwise formed on or on the outer surfaces of each cone.
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0007.tif" />
Alternatively, receptacles are formed on the outer surfaces of each cone, and inserts formed of hard wear-resistant material are secured within the receptacles to form the cut elements of the cones. When the roller bit drill bit is rotated within a bore, the roller cones roll and slide across the surface of the reservoir, causing the cutting elements to crush and scrape the underlying reservoir.
Stationary drill bits typically include a plurality of cutting elements that connect to one face of the bit body. The auger body can include a plurality of fins or blades, which define fluid paths between the blades. The cutting elements can be secured to the auger body within cavities formed on the outer surfaces of the blades. The cutting elements are connected to the auger body in a fixed way, so that the cutting elements do not move relative to the auger body during drilling. The auger body can be formed from steel or a particulate matrix composite material (eg cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide). In embodiments in which the auger body comprises a composite particle matrix material, the auger body may be connected to a metal alloy stem (for
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE · [> £ THE PROPERTY
INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX340467B_D0008.tif" />
example, steel) that has a threaded end that can be used to connect the bit body and stem to a drill string. When the stationary drill bit is rotated within a bore, the cutting elements scrape the surface of the reservoir and shear the underlying reservoir.
Diamond impregnated rotary drill bits can be used to drill hard or abrasive rock deposits such as sandstones. Typically, a diamond impregnated drill bit has a solid head or crown that is cast in a mold. The crown is connected to a steel shank that has a threaded end that can be used to connect the crown and steel shank to a drill string. The crown can have a variety of configurations and generally includes a cutting face comprising a plurality of cutting structures, which may comprise at least one of cutting segments, posts, and blades. Posts and pallets can be formed integrally with the crown in the mold, or they can be formed separately and connected to the crown. The channels separate the posts and blades to allow the drilling fluid to flow over the bit face.
Diamond impregnated bits can be formed so that the cutting face of the bit is
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drilling (including poles and
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a particle matrix composite material that includes diamond particles dispersed through a matrix material. The matrix material by itself may comprise a particle matrix composite, such as tungsten carbide particles, dispersed through a metal matrix material, such as a copper alloy.
It is known in the art how to apply wear resistant materials, such as hardcoat materials, to the mating surfaces of the rotary drill bit reservoir to reduce wear on these surfaces of the drill bits caused by abrasion. For example, abrasion occurs on the mating surfaces of the reservoir of a ground drilling tool when these surfaces are mating and sliding with respect to the surfaces of an underground reservoir in the presence of solid particulate material (for example, sediments from the reservoir and waste) transported by conventional drilling fluid. For example, the hardcoat can be applied to the cutting teeth on the cones of the roller mill bits, as well as to the mating surfaces of the cones. Hard coating can also be applied to outer end surfaces
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0011.tif" />
curved bottom or skirt of each bit tip, and other outer surfaces of the drill bit likely to engage a reservoir surface during drilling.
In some embodiments, the invention includes a method of forming at least a portion of a ground drilling tool. The method comprises providing particulate matter comprising a hard material in a mold cavity, melting a metal and the hard material to form a molten composition comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition of the metal and the hard material, emptying the molten composition to forming at least a portion of a tool to pierce the soil within the mold cavity, and provide an inoculant within the mold cavity.
In other embodiments, methods of forming a roller cone of a rotary drill bit to drill into the ground comprise forming a molten composition comprising a cobalt and tungsten carbide eutectic or near eutectic composition, pouring the molten composition into a cavity of mold, solidify the molten composition within the mold cavity to form the roll cone, and controlling grain growth using an inoculant when the molten composition solidifies within the mold cavity.
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0012.tif" />
In certain embodiments, the invention includes an article that comprises at least a portion of a ground drilling tool. The article comprises a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition that includes a metal phase, a hard material phase and an inoculant.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Although the specification concludes with the claims which particularly point out and claim ·, distinctively what is considered to be embodiments of the present invention, various features and advantages of this description can be more easily ensured from the following description of exemplary embodiments provided with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a side elevation view of one embodiment of a roller mill drill bit that may include one or more components comprising a molten particle matrix composite material including a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition;
FIGURE 2 is a partial sectional view of the drill bit of FIGURE 1 and illustrates a rotary drill assembly including a roller cone;
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a stationary drill bit that
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0013.tif" />
They comprise a particle that eutectic;
may include one or more components die cast composite material includes a eutectic composition or nearly FIGURES 4 and 5 are used to illustrate embodiments of methods of the invention, and illustrate casting of a roller cone similar to that shown in FIGURE 2 inside a mold; and FIGURE 6 is a schematic diagram of a microstructure formed by the embodiments of the invention.
The illustrations presented herein are not actual views of any particular earth-drilling tool, drill bit, or component of such a tool or bit, but are only idealized representations used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure.
As used herein, the term "land drilling tool" means and includes any tool used to remove material from the reservoir and to form a well (eg, borehole) through the reservoir by removing the material from the reservoir. Earth drilling tools include, for example, rotary drill bits (e.g., fixed or drag bits and rock cone or rock bits), hybrid bits including both fixed bits and roller elements, bits
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL MONEDAD
<img file="MX340467B_D0014.tif" />
core bits, percussion bits, bicentral bits, reamers (including expandable reamers and fixed fin reamers), and other tools called hole-opening.
As used herein, the term "cutting element" means and includes any element of a soil-drilling tool that is used to cut or disintegrate the reservoir material in a certain way when the earth-drilling tool is used to form or lengthen a well in the field.
As used herein, the terms cone and roller cone mean and include any body comprising at least one reservoir cut structure that is mounted to a body of a rotary earth drilling tool, such as a drill bit. rotary bore, in a rotary shape, and which is configured to rotate with respect to at least a portion of the body when the rotary earth boring tool is rotated within a bore, and to remove material from the reservoir as the rotary earth drilling tool is rotated within a borehole. Cones and roller cones can be generally conical in shape, but are not limited to structures having such a generally conical shape. The cones and the roller cones can have different shapes from the shapes
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL MONEDAD
<img file="MX340467B_D0015.tif" />
generally conical. ...
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the earth piercing tools and / or components of the earth boring tools may comprise a molten material composed of a particle matrix. The particle matrix composite molten material may comprise a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition. As used herein, the term "molten", when used with respect to a material, means a material that is formed within a mold cavity, such that a body formed to comprise the molten material is formed to comprise a shape at least substantially similar to the mold cavity in which the material is formed. Accordingly, the terms "cast" and "cast" are not limited to conventional cast iron, where a molten material is poured into a mold cavity, but encompasses melt material in situ in a mold cavity. Furthermore, as explained in greater detail below, the emptying processes can be carried out at elevated pressure, higher than atmospheric. Emptying can also be done at atmospheric pressure or less than atmospheric pressure. As used herein, the term quasi-eutectic composition means approximately ten atomic percent (10%) or less of a eutectic composition. As a non-limiting example, the
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL EROFIEOAt
<img file="MX340467B_D0016.tif" />
Particle matrix composite molten material may comprise a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition of cobalt and tungsten carbide. Examples of modalities of earth drilling tools and components of earth drilling tools that may include a molten particle matrix composite material comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition are described below.
FIGURE 1 illustrates one embodiment of a ground drilling tool of the present disclosure. The earth drilling tool of FIGURE 1 is a rotary drilling auger 100 for drilling earth from roller mills. Drill bit 100 includes bit body 102 and a plurality of rotary cutter assemblies 104. Auger body 102 may include a plurality of integrally formed auger ends 106, and threads 108 may be formed at the upper end of auger body 102 for connection to a drill string. Auger body 102 may have nozzles 120 to discharge the drilling fluid into a drill hole, which can be returned along with the drill sediment to the surface during a drilling operation. Each of the rotary cutter assemblies 104 includes a roller cone 122 comprising a die matrix composite
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF THE DJDUSTIUAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0017.tif" />
particles and a plurality of elements Hp r-nr + g, and the cut inserts 124 shown. Each roller cone 122 may include a conical pattern surface 126 (FIGURE 2). Additionally, each roller cone 122 may have a unique configuration of cutting inserts 124 or cutting elements so that the roller cones 122 can rotate in close proximity to each other, without mechanical interference.
FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating one of the rotary drill assemblies 104 of the drill bit 100 for drilling the earth shown in FIGURE 1. As shown, each bit tip 106 may include a bolt 128 of bearing. Roller cone 122 can be supported by bearing bolt 128, and roller cone 122 can rotate on bearing bolt 128. Each roller cone 122 can have a central cavity 130 that can be generally cylindrical and can form a smooth bearing surface adjacent to the bearing bolt 128. The cavity 130 may have a flat thrust support 132 to absorb the thrust imposed by the drill string on the roller cone 122. As illustrated in this example, the roller cone 122 may be retained on the bearing bolt 128 by a plurality of locking balls 134 located in mating notches formed in the surfaces of the cone cavity 130 and the bearing bolt 128
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0018.tif" />
bearing. Additionally, an assembly -L3-6- d<sup>Q</sup> pnoHp seal the bearing gaps between the cone cavity 130 and the bearing bolt 128. Seal assembly 136 may be a metal face seal assembly, as shown, or it may be a different type of seal assembly, such as an elastomeric seal assembly.
Lubricant can be supplied to the bearing spaces between cavity 130 and bearing bolt 128 through passages 138 for lubricant. Lube passages 138 can lead to a reservoir that includes a pressure compensator 140 (FIGURE 1).
At least one of the roll cones 122 and auger ends 106 of the earth boring drill bit 100 of FIGURES 1 and 2 may comprise a molten material composed of a particle matrix comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition , and can be manufactured as discussed in further detail after this.
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of a rotary drill bit 200 for drilling stationary drill bit soil including a bit body 202 that can be formed using method embodiments of the present disclosure. Auger body 202 can be secured to a stem 204 having a threaded connection portion 206 (eg, a connection portion
MEXICAN INSTITUTE
DE LA MONEDAD (> JÍ! 8 .8?
INDUSTRIAL Thread from the American Petroleum Institute (API) to connect drill bit 200 to a drill string (not shown). In some embodiments, such as that shown in FIGURE 3, auger body 202 can be secured to stem 204 using an extension 208. In other embodiments, auger body 202 can be directly secured to stem 204.
Auger body 202 may include internal fluid passages (not shown) extending between face 203 of auger body 202 and a longitudinal gauge (not shown), which extends through stem 204, extension 208, and partially through the auger body 202. Nozzle inserts 214 can also be provided on face 203 of auger body 202 within internal fluid passages. Auger body 202 may further include a plurality of blades 216 that are separated by waste grooves 218. In some embodiments, the auger body 202 may include model protection plugs 222 and protection knots 228. A plurality of cutting elements 210 (which may include, for example, PDC cutting elements) can be mounted on face 203 of auger body 202 in cutting element cavities 212 that are located along each of the blades 216. The auger body 202 of the rotary drilling auger 200 for drilling the earth shown in the
<img file="MX340467B_D0019.tif" />
INDUSTRIAL
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FIGURE 3, or a portion of the barrel body 202 <sup>1</sup> (µυτ— ~ · example, vanes 216 or portions of vanes 216) may comprise a molten particle matrix composite material comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition, and may be manufactured as discussed in further detail thereafter.
In accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure, earth drilling tools and / or earth drilling tool components can be formed within a mold cavity using a casting process to cast a particle matrix composite material comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition within the mold cavity. FIGURES 4 and 5 are used to illustrate the formation of a roller cone 122 similar to that shown in FIGURES 1 and 2 using such a casting process.
Referring to FIGURE 4, a mold 300 may be provided that includes a mold cavity 302 therein. Mold cavity 302 may have a size and shape that correspond to the size and shape of roller cone 122 or another portion or component of a tool to pierce the soil to be emptied therein. Mold 300 may comprise a material that is stable and does not degrade at temperatures to which mold 300 will be subjected during the casting process. · 300 mold material
IMPI
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'Λ · η., Η \<sub>: Λ |</sub>
<img file="MX340467B_D0021.tif" />
it may also be selected to comprise a material that will not react with or otherwise harmfully affect the material of the roll cone 122 to be emptied into the mold cavity 302. As a non-limiting example, mold 300 can comprise graphite or a ceramic material such as, for example, silicon oxide or aluminum oxide. After the casting process, it may be necessary to break or otherwise damage the mold 300 to remove the cast roller cone 122 from the mold cavity 302. In this way, the mold material 300 can be selected to comprise a material that is relatively easy to break or somehow remove from around the roll cone 122 to allow the roll cone 122 (or other portion or component of the earth drilling tool) is removed from mold 300. As the picture shows. 4, the mold may comprise two or more components, such as a base portion 304A and an upper portion 304B, that can be assembled together to form mold 300. A bearing bolt displacement member 309 can be used to define an internal vacuum within roller cone 122 to be emptied into mold 300 which is configured and dimensioned to receive a bearing bolt therein when roller cone 122 is mount on the bearing bolt. In some embodiments, the bearing bolt displacement member 309 may comprise a separate body, as shown
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0022.tif" />
in FIGURE 4. In other embodiments, the bearing bolt displacement member 309 may be an integral part of the upper portion 304B of the mold 300.
A particulate matter 306 may be provided comprising a hard material such as a carbide (eg, tungsten carbide), a nitride, a boride, etc., optionally may be provided within the mold cavity 302. As used herein, the term "hard material" means and includes any material that has a Vickers Hardness of at least about 1200 (i.e., at least about 1200HV30, as measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E384 (Test Method Standard for Knoop Hardness and Vickers of Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2010)).
After providing the particulate matter 306 within the mold cavity 302, a material comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may melt, and the molten material may be emptied into the mold cavity 302 and allowed to infiltrate the space between the material 306 particulate within mold cavity 302 until mold cavity 302 is at least substantially full. The molten material can be poured into the mold 300 through one or more openings 308 in the mold
300 leading to the mold cavity 302.
In additional modalities, no matter 306 in
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Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
<img file="MX340467B_D0023.tif" />
Particles comprising hard material are provided déhti'U "· of the mold cavity 302, and at least substantially all of the mold cavity 302 can be filled with the molten eutectic or near-eutectic composition to empty the roll cone 122 into the mold cavity 302.
In further embodiments, the particulate matter 306 comprising the hard material is provided only at selected locations within the mold cavity 302 that correspond to the regions of the roller cone 122 that are subjected to abrasive wear, such that those regions of the resulting roller cone 122 include a higher volumetric content of hard material compared to other regions of the roller cone 122 (formed from the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition emptied without the particulate matter 306 added), which can have a lower content of hard material and show a relatively higher toughness (that is, resistance to fracture).
In further embodiments, particulate matter 306 comprises both hard material particles and material or material particles that will form a molten eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition with heating the particulate matter 306 to a temperature sufficient to melt the material or materials that they will form the molten eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition. In such embodiments, particulate matter 306
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE BE THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0024.tif" />
is provided within cavity 302 Tfa muldi '. Mold lu 30ity »302 can be vibrated to settle particulate matter 306 to remove voids therein. The particulate matter 306 can be heated to a temperature sufficient to form the molten eutectic or near-eutectic composition. Upon formation of the molten eutectic or near-eutectic composition, the molten material can infiltrate the space between the remaining solid particles in particulate matter 306, which can result in sedimentation of particulate matter 306 and a decrease in volume. occupied. In this way, excess particulate matter 306 can also be provided over the mold cavity 302 (eg, within the openings 308 in the mold) to justify such sedimentation that may occur during the casting process.
<td>Of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>some modalities</td><td>of the present</td>
<td>description,</td><td>one or</td><td>plus</td><td>inoculants can</td><td>provide</td>
<td>inside of</td><td>cavity</td><td> 302</td><td>mold to help</td><td>to control the</td>
nature of the resulting microstructure of the roller cone 122 to be emptied into the mold cavity 302. As used herein, the term inoculant means and includes any substance that will control grain growth of at least one phase of material upon cooling of a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition in a casting process. For example, inoculants
<img file="MX340467B_D0025.tif" />
<sup>21</sup> IMPI
INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA MONEDAD industrial can help limit the growth of g? R? .R ~ For example, adding an inoculant to the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition can be used to refine the microstructure of the molten material (at least in the surface thereof) and improve the strength and / or wear characteristics of the surface of the molten material. By way of example and not of limitation, such an inoculant can promote nucleation of the grains. Such nucleation can cause adjacent grains to come closer together, thereby limiting the amount of grain growth before adjacent grains interact. The final microstructure of a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition comprising an inoculant can therefore be finer than a similar eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition without the inoculant. Inoculants can include, for example, cobalt aluminate, cobalt metasilicate, cobalt oxide, or a combination of such materials. Thus, the resulting microstructure can include grains that have a characteristic dimension that is reduced with respect to the characteristic dimension of the grains that can be formed in the absence of such inoculant. The characteristic dimensions may depend on, for example, the concentration of inoculants, the melting temperature, the thermal gradient, etc. For example, FIGURE 6 shows a schematic diagram of a microstructure formed with an inoculant.
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INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX340467B_D0026.tif" />
The microstructure may comprise a phase (shown as white regions in FIGURE 6) and a phase 604 of hard material (shown as black regions in FIGURE 5). Metal phase 602 and / or hard material phase 604 may comprise the inoculant. The metal phase 302 and / or the hard material phase 604 can have various characteristic dimensions, and the characteristic dimensions of the metal phase 602 and / or the hard material phase 604 can vary within an individual eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition. .
By way of example, the inoculant or inoculants may comprise from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition.
In embodiments in which the material comprising a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition is melted in a separate crucible and subsequently poured into the mold cavity 302 in the molten state, the inoculant may be added to the crucible with the eutectic composition or nearly molten eutectic before pouring the resulting mixture into mold cavity 302. The inoculant can be added to the molten eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition just prior to the casting process in an effort to maintain inoculant potency. In additional embodiments, the inoculants may be provided in a separate tundish or other container, and the molten material that
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0027.tif" />
comprising the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition can be poured into the refractory trough, where the inoculants can be mixed with the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition. The resulting molten mixture can then be poured from the intermediate tundish into the mold cavity 302. In other embodiments, the inoculants can be provided on a surface of the mold 300 within the mold cavity 302 prior to emptying the eutectic or near-eutectic composition within the mold cavity 302.
In embodiments in which particulate matter 306 comprises both hard material particles and particles of material or materials that will form a molten eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition after heating the particulate matter 306 to a temperature sufficient to melt the material or materials that will form the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition fused, the inoculant can be mixed with the particulate matter 306 before providing the particulate matter 306 within the mold cavity, the inoculant can be applied to the interior surfaces of the mold 300 within the mold cavity 302, or the inoculant may be added to the particulate matter 306 within the mold cavity 302 after providing the particulate matter 306 within the mold cavity 302 (either prior to heating the particulate matter 306 to a temperature sufficient to melt the
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE PE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0028.tif" />
material or materials that will form the <* ο ”ρ; · ί? ί? ιτ q almost eutectic molten, or after melting the material or materials that will form the molten eutectic or almost eutectic composition within the mold cavity 302).
After the roll cone 122 has been emptied into the mold cavity 302, the roll cone 122 may be removed from the mold 300. As mentioned previously, it may be necessary to break the mold 300 in order to remove the cone
122 300 mold roll.
The eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition of a metal and a hard material.
The metal of the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise a commercially pure metal such as cobalt, iron, or nickel. In additional embodiments, the metal of the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise an alloy based on one or more cobalt, iron, and nickel. In such alloys, one or more elements can be included to suit selected properties of the composition, such as strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, or electromagnetic properties.
The hard material of the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise a ceramic compound, such as a carbide, a boride, an oxide, a nitride, or mixtures of one or more.
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Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
<img file="MX340467B_D0029.tif" />
more of such ceramic compounds. In some non-limiting examples, the metal of the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise a cobalt alloy, and the hard material may comprise tungsten carbide. For example, the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition can comprise from about 40% to about 90% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy, from about 0.5 percent to about 3.8 percent by weight of carbon, and the balance can be tungsten. In a further example, the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise from about 55% to about 85% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy, from about 0.85 percent to about 3.0 weight percent of carbon, and the balance may be tungsten.
Even more particularly, the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise from about 65% to about 78% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy, from about 1.3 percent to about 2.35 percent by weight of carbon, and the rest may be tungsten. For example, the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition may comprise about 69% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy (about 78.8 atomic percent cobalt), about 1.9% by weight carbon (about 10.6 atomic percent carbon), and approximately 29.1% by weight of tungsten (approximately
<img file="MX340467B_D0030.tif" />
example i understand cobalt
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE r »E THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
10.6 atomic percent tungsten). As another eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition, about 75% by weight of cobalt or alloy may be about 1.53% by weight of carbon, and about 23.47% by weight of tungsten.
Once the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition is heated in the molten state, the metal and hard material phases will be indistinguishable in the molten composition, which will simply comprise a generally homogeneous molten solution of the various elements. After cooling the molten composition, however, phase segregation will occur and the metal phase and hard material phase can segregate from each other and solidify to form a composite microstructure that includes regions of the metal phase and regions of the phase of Hard material. Furthermore, in embodiments in which particulate matter 306 is provided within mold 300 prior to pouring the eutectic or near-eutectic composition into mold cavity 302, additional phase regions resulting from particulate matter 306 may also occur in the final microstructure of the resulting cast roller cone 122.
Since molten eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition occurs and phase segregation occurs, metal and hard material phases can be formed again. The phases of
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF LA MOREDA D INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX340467B_D0031.tif" />
Hard material may include carbide de lllétcll phases. I was an example, such metal carbide phases can be of the general formula ΜβΟ and Mi<sub>2</sub>C, where M represents one or more metal elements and C represents carbon. As a particular example, in embodiments where a desirable hard material phase should be formed in monotungsten carbide (WC), the eta phases of the general formula W may also be formed.<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>and</sub>C, where x is from about 0.5 to about 6 and y is from about 0.5 to about 6 (for example, W3C03C and WeCogC). Such metal carbide eta phases tend to be relatively wear resistant, but they are also more brittle compared to the primary carbide phase (eg WC). Thus, such metal carbide eta phases may be undesirable for some applications. In accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure, a carbon correction cycle can be used to adjust the stoichiometry of the resulting metal carbide phases such that they reduce (eg, eliminate at least substantially) the resulting amount of such phases undesirable metal carbide eta (eg MgC and M12C) in the cast roll cone 122 and increase the resulting amount of a desirable primary metal carbide phase (eg MC and / or M<sub>2</sub>C) in the emptied roll cone 122. As an example and not a limitation, a carbon correction cycle as
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0032.tif" />
described in US Patent No. 4,579,713, which was issued on April 1, 1986 to Lueth, can be used to adjust the stoichiometry of the resulting metal carbide phases in the cast roller cone 122.
Briefly, the roller cone 122 (or the mold 300 with the materials to be used to form the roller cone 122 therein) can be provided in a vacuum oven together with a carbon-containing substance, and then heated to obtain a temperature within the range that ranges from about 800 ° C to about 1100 ° C, while keeping the oven under vacuum. A mixture of hydrogen and methane can then be introduced into the oven. The percentage of methane in the mixture can be from about 10% to about 90% of the amount of methane needed to obtain equilibrium from the following equation at the selected temperature and pressure inside the oven:
Solid + 2H<sub>2</sub> «-> CH<sub>4</sub>
After the introduction of the hydrogen and methane mixture into the furnace chamber, the furnace chamber is maintained within the selected temperature and pressure range for a period of time sufficient for the following reaction:
MC + 2H<sub>2</sub> w M + CH<sub>4</sub>, where M can be selected from the group of W, Ti, Ta,
<img file="MX340467B_D0033.tif" />
IMPI
<img file="MX340467B_D0034.tif" />
Hf and Mo, to achieve substantially e
<img file="MX340467B_D0035.tif" />
which reaction:
Solid 2H<sub>2</sub> «-> CH<sub>4</sub>, does not reach equilibrium due to the total retention time and due to the residence time of the gas but, in fact, the methane remains within approximately 10% to approximately 90% of the amount necessary to obtain equilibrium. This period of time can be from about 15 minutes to about 5 hours, depending on the selected temperature. For example, the time period may be approximately 90 minutes at a temperature of approximately 1000 ° C and at a pressure of approximately one atmosphere.
The carbon correction cycle can be performed on materials that must be used to form the cast roller cone 122 before, or during the casting process in such a way as to prevent or prevent the formation of undesirable metal carbide eta phases ( for example, M<sub>6</sub>C and Mi<sub>2</sub>C) in the emptied roll cone 122. In additional embodiments, it may be possible to perform the carbon correction cycle after the casting process such that it converts previously formed undesirable metal carbide phases into the roll cone 122 during the casting process into metal carbide phases. more desirable (eg MC and / or M<sub>2</sub>C), aungue tal
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF LA TRO PIEDAD INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX340467B_D0036.tif" />
conversion may be limited to regions near <sup>1</sup>13 roller cone 122 surface.
In additional embodiments, an annealing process can be used to adjust the stoichiometry of the resulting metal carbide phases in such a way that it reduces (eg, eliminates at least substantially) the resulting amount of such undesirable metal carbide phases (by example, ΜβΟ and M12C) in the cast roll cone 122 and increase the resulting amount of a desirable primary metal carbide phase (eg MC and / or M<sub>2</sub>C) in the emptied roll cone 122. For example, the hollow roll cone 122 may be heated in an oven to a temperature of at least about 1200 ° C (eg, about 1225 ° C) for at least about three hours (eg, about 6 hours or more ). The oven can comprise a vacuum oven, and a vacuum can be maintained within the oven during the annealing process. For example, a pressure of approximately 0.015 millibars can be maintained within the vacuum oven during the annealing process. In additional embodiments, the furnace can be maintained at approximately atmospheric pressure, or it can be pressurized, as discussed in further detail below. In such embodiments, the atmosphere within the furnace can comprise an inert atmosphere. For example, the atmosphere can comprise nitrogen or a gas
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Mexican Institute of Industrial Property
<img file="MX340467B_D0037.tif" />
noble. During the processes described above to adjust the stoichiometry of the metal carbide phases within the roll cone 122, the free carbon (eg, graphite) that occurs in or adjacent to the roll cone 122 can also be absorbed and combine with the metal (eg, tungsten) to form a metal carbide phase (eg, tungsten carbide), or combine in existing metal carbide phases.
In some embodiments, a hot isostatic pressure (HIP) process can be used to improve density and decrease porosity in the cast roll cone 122. For example, during the emptying process, an inert gas can be used to pressurize a chamber in which the emptying process can be carried out. Pressure can be applied during the casting process, or after the casting process but before removing the cast roller cone 122 from the mold 300. In additional embodiments, the cast roll cone 122 may be subjected to a HIP process after removing the cast roll cone 122 from the mold 300. As an example, the cast roll cone 122 may be heated to a temperature of about 300 ° C at about 1200 ° C while applying isostatic pressure to the outer surfaces of roller cone 122 from about 7.0 MPa to about 310,000
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL MONEDAD
<img file="MX340467B_D0038.tif" />
MPa (approximately 1 ksi to approximately 4 3, LEISURE ksij'r In addition, a carbon correction cycle as discussed above can be incorporated into the HIP process so that the carbon correction cycle is performed either immediately before or after the HIP process in the same furnace chamber used for the HIP process.
In additional embodiments, a cold isostatic pressing process can be used to improve density and decrease porosity in hollow roll cone 122. In other words, the emptied roll cone 122 can be subjected to isostatic pressures of at least about 10,000 MPa while maintaining the roll cone 122 at a temperature of about 300 ° C or less.
After forming roll cone 122, roll cone 122 can be subjected to one or more surface treatments. For example, a shot blasting process (eg, a shot blasting process, a rod shot blasting process, or a hammer blasting process) can be used to impart compressive residual stresses within the surface regions of the roller cone 122 . Such residual stresses can improve the mechanical strength of the surface regions of the roll cone 122, and can serve to prevent cracking in the roll cone 122 during use in drilling which can result, for example, from fatigue.
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0039.tif" />
Emptying articles can allow the formation of articles having relatively complex geometric configurations that cannot be obtained by other manufacturing methods. Thus, when emptying earth drilling tools and / or earth drilling tool components as described herein, earth drilling tools and / or earth drilling tool components can be formed to have designs that are relatively more geometrically complex compared to previously manufactured earth drilling tools and / or earth drilling tool components.
Additional non-limiting exemplary embodiments of the disclosure are described below.
Mode 1: A method of forming at least a portion of a ground piercing tool comprising providing particulate matter comprising a hard material in a mold cavity, melting a metal and the hard material to form a molten composition comprising a eutectic composition. or almost eutectic of the metal and the hard material, emptying the molten composition to form at least a portion of the tool to drill the earth into the mold cavity, and providing an inoculant within the mold cavity.
Mode 2: The Mode 1 method, which
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0040.tif" />
it further comprises adjusting a stoichiometry of at least one phase of hard material of at least a portion of the earth drilling tool.
Mode 3: The method of Mode 2, wherein adjusting a stoichiometry of at least one phase of hard material of at least a portion of the earth drilling tool comprises converting at least one of a phase of MgC and a M12C phase at least one MC phase and one M phase<sub>2</sub>C, where M is at least one metal element and C is carbon.
Mode 4: The Mode 3 method, whereby converting at least one of an MgC phase and an M12C phase to at least one of an MC phase and an M phase<sub>2</sub>C comprises converting W<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>and</sub>C in WC, where x is from about 0.5 to about 6 and y is from about 0.5 to about 6.
Mode 5: The method of any of Modes 1 to 4, wherein melting a metal and a hard material to form a molten composition comprises melting a mixture comprising from about 40% to about 90% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy and from about 0.5% to about 3.8% by weight of carbon, where the remainder of the mixture is at least substantially comprised of tungsten.
Mode 6: The method of any of the
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PRORITY
<img file="MX340467B_D0041.tif" />
Modalities 1 to 5, wherein melting a metal and a hard material to form a molten composition comprises melting a mixture comprising from about 55% to about 85% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy and from about 0.85% to about 3.0 wt% carbon, where the remainder of the mixture is comprised of at least substantially tunqstene.
Mode 7: The method of any of Modes 1 to 6, wherein melting a metal and a hard material to form a molten composition comprises melting a mixture comprising from about 65% to about 78% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy and from about 1.3% to about 2.35% by weight carbon, where the remainder of the mixture is comprised of at least substantially tungsten.
Mode 8: The method of any of Modes 1 to 7, wherein melting a metal and a hard material to form a molten composition comprises melting a mixture comprising about 69% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy, about 1.9% in carbon weight, and approximately 29.1% by weight tungsten.
Mode 9: The method of any of Modes 1 to 7, wherein melting a metal and a hard material to form a molten composition comprises melting about 75% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy,
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0042.tif" />
about 1.53 wt% carbon, and ap-j'owimadamuiTtg '23.47 wt% tungsten.
Modality 10: The method of any of Modalities 1 to 9, further comprising pressing at least a portion of the earth piercing tool after emptying the molten composition to form at least a portion of the earth boring tool. inside the mold cavity.
Mode 11: The method of any of Modes 1 to 10, further comprising treating at least a surface region of at least a portion of the ground drilling tool to provide residual compressive stresses within at least one surface region of at least a portion of the earth drilling tool.
Mode 12: The method of Mode 11, wherein treating at least the surface region of at least a portion of the earth drilling tool comprises subjecting at least the surface region of at least a portion of the tool to drill the earth to a shot blasting process.
Modality 13: The method of any of the
Modalities 1 to 12, wherein providing the inoculant comprises providing at least one of a transition metal aluminate, a transition metal metasilicate, and
IMPI
<img file="MX340467B_D0043.tif" />
INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX340467B_D0044.tif" />
an oxide of. transition metal. -
Modality 14: The method of any of the
Modalities 1 to 13, wherein providing the inoculant comprises providing at least one of cobalt aluminate, cobalt metasilicate, and cobalt oxide.
Modality 15: The method of any of the
Modalities 1 to 14, wherein melting a metal and a hard material to form a molten composition comprises forming a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition of cobalt and tungsten carbide.
Modality 16: The method of any of the
Modalities 1 to 15, wherein providing the inoculant comprises controlling grain growth when the molten composition solidifies.
Mode 17: A method of forming a roller cone of a rotary drilling rig for drilling into the ground, comprising forming a molten composition comprising a cobalt and tungsten carbide eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition, pouring the molten composition into a mold cavity. , solidify the molten composition within the mold cavity to form the roll cone, and controlling grain growth using an inoculant when the molten composition solidifies within the mold cavity.
Mode 18: The Mode 17 method, which
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0045.tif" />
It also includes converting the mw i · phase of W3C03C and a phase region of W<sub>6</sub>CogC inside the roller cone at least in one of WC and W<sub>2</sub>C.
Mode 19: The method of Mode 17 or Mode 18, wherein forming a molten composition comprises forming a molten composition comprising approximately 69% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy, approximately 1.9% by weight of carbon, and approximately 29.1% by weight of tungsten.
Mode 20: The method of any of Modalities 17 to 19, further comprising pressing the roller cone after emptying the molten composition into the mold cavity.
Mode 21: The method of any of Modalities 17 to 20, further comprising treating at least one surface region of the roller cone to provide residual compressive stresses within at least one surface region of the roller cone.
Mode 22: The method of Mode 21, wherein treating at least one surface region of the roll cone comprises subjecting at least one surface region of the roll cone to a shot blasting process.
Modality 23: The method of any of Modalities 17 to 22, wherein controlling grain growth comprises adding at least one of a
IMPI 'N-MEXICAN STITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0046.tif" />
transition metal, a transition metal metasilicate ^ and a transition metal oxide to the mold cavity.
Mode 24: The method of Mode 17 to 23, wherein controlling grain growth comprises adding at least one of cobalt aluminate, cobalt metasilicate, and cobalt oxide to the mold cavity.
Mode 25: An article comprising at least a portion of a ground drilling tool, the article comprises a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition including a metal phase, a hard material phase and an inoculant.
Mode 26: The Mode 25 article, wherein the inoculant comprises at least one of transition metal aluminate, a transition metal metasilicate, and a transition metal oxide.
Modality 27: The article of Modality 25 or
Mode 26, wherein the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition comprises from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of inoculant.
Modality 28: The article of any of Modalities 25 to 27, wherein the metal phase comprises at least one of cobalt, iron, nickel, and alloys thereof.
Modality 29: The article of any of Modalities 25 to 28, where the phase of hard material
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0047.tif" />
It comprises a ceramic compound selected from the group consisting of carbides, borides, oxides, nitrides, and mixtures thereof.
Modality 30: The article of any of Modalities 25 to 29, further comprising a composite microstructure including regions of the metal phase and regions of the hard material phase.
<td></td><td>Mode 31:</td><td>The</td><td>article of</td><td>any of the</td>
<td colspan="2">Modalities 25 to 30,</td><td>in</td><td>where the phase</td><td>of hard material</td>
<td>understands</td><td>a phase of</td><td colspan="2">metal carbide</td><td>which includes so</td>
<td>minus one</td><td colspan="2">of a phase of MC</td><td>and a phase of</td><td>M<sub>2</sub>C, where M by</td>
at least it is a metal element and C is carbon.
Mode 32: A partially formed article comprising a generally homogeneous molten solution disposed within a mold, the solution comprising a metal, a hard material, and an inoculant.
Mode 33: The partially formed article of Mode 32, wherein the inoculant comprises at least one of a transition metal aluminate, a transition metal metasilicate, and a transition metal oxide.
Mode 34: The partially formed article of Mode 32 or Mode 33, wherein the inoculant comprises at least one cobalt aluminate, cobalt metasilicate, and cobalt oxide.
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0048.tif" />
Modality 35: The article is free of any of Modalities 32 to 34, wherein the metal comprises cobalt or cobalt alloy, and the hard material comprises tungsten carbide.
Mode 36: A partially formed article comprising at least a portion of a tool for drilling into the ground. The partially formed article comprises a eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition comprising at least one of a ΜβΟ phase and a Mi phase<sub>2</sub>C and an inoculant. M is at least a metal element and
C is carbon.
Mode 37: The partially formed article of Mode 36, wherein at least one mixed metal carbide phase comprises an eta phase of W<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>and</sub>C. X is from about 0.5 to about 6 and y is from about 0.5 to about 6.
Mode 38: The partially formed article of Mode 36 or Mode 37, wherein the eutectic or quasi-eutectic composition comprises from about 40% to about 90% by weight of cobalt or cobalt alloy and from about 0.5% to about 3.8% by weight. carbon weight, and where the remainder of the mixture is comprised of at least substantially tungsten.
Modality 39: The partially formed article of any of Modalities 36 to 38, where the inoculant
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL MONEDAD
<img file="MX340467B_D0049.tif" />
it comprises a material selected from the grdpó that uuiiaijLu. transition metal di aluminates, transition metal metasilicates, and transition metal oxides.
Modality 40: The partially formed article of any of Modalities 36 to 39, where the inoculant
<td>understands</td><td>a</td><td>material</td><td>selected from</td><td>group that</td><td>consists</td><td>of</td>
<td>aluminate</td><td>of</td><td>cobalt,</td><td>metasilicate</td><td>cobalt,</td><td>and rust</td><td>of</td>
<td>cobalt.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td></td><td colspan="2">Although the</td><td colspan="4">previous description contains many</td>
Specifications, these are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, but only as providing certain exemplary embodiments. Similarly, other embodiments of the invention may be visualized so as not to depart from the scope of the present invention. For example, features described herein with reference to one embodiment may also be provided in other of the embodiments described herein. The scope of the invention is therefore indicated and limited only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the foregoing description. All additions, deletions, and modifications to the invention as described herein, which fall within the meaning and scope of the claims, are encompassed by the present invention.
IMPI
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
<img file="MX340467B_D0050.tif" />
Contents77
55 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23 Sheet 24 Sheet 25 Sheet 26 Sheet 27 Sheet 28 Sheet 29 Sheet 30 Sheet 31 Sheet 32 Sheet 33 Sheet 34 Sheet 35 Sheet 36 Sheet 37 Sheet 38 Sheet 39 Sheet 40 Sheet 41 Sheet 42 Sheet 43 Sheet 44 Sheet 45 Sheet 46 Sheet 47 Sheet 48 Sheet 49 Sheet 50 Sheet 51 Sheet 52 Sheet 53 Sheet 54 Sheet 55
41 members in 7 offices
Priority claims3
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61346715 | United States of America | – | |
| 34671510 | United States of America | P | |
| 2011037213 | United States of America | W |
Members41
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2799906A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| CA2799911A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| CA2799987A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| US2011284179A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2011287238A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2011287924A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| WO2011146743A2 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A2 | |
| WO2011146752A2 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A2 | |
| WO2011146760A2 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A2 | |
| WO2011146743A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| WO2011146752A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| WO2011146760A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| WO2011146760A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| WO2011146760A4 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A4 | |
| CN102985197A | China | A | |
| CN103003010A | China | A | |
| CN103003011A | China | A | |
| EP2571646A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| EP2571647A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| EP2571648A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| MX2012013454A | Mexico | A | |
| MX2012013455A | Mexico | A | |
| MX2012013456A | Mexico | A | |
| US8490674B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| RU2012155100A | Russian Federation | A | |
| RU2012155100A | Russian Federation | A | |
| RU2012155101A | Russian Federation | A | |
| RU2012155102A | Russian Federation | A | |
| US8905117B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US8978734B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2015075876A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2015183085A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| MX340467BThis record | Mexico | B | |
| EP2571646A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| EP2571648A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| EP2571647A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| US9687963B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2017282332A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US9790745B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2018010394A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US10603765B2 | United States of America | B2 |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Grant or registrationFG | FG |
Numbers
- Publication
- 340467
- Application
- 13456
Titles2
- Spanish
- MÉTODOS PARA FORMAR AL MENOS UNA PORCIÓN DE HERRAMIENTAS PARA PERFORAR LA TIERRA Y ARTÍCULOS FORMADOS POR TALES MÉTODOS
- English
- METHODS OF FORMING AT LEAST A PORTION OF EARTH-BORING TOOLS, AND ARTICLES FORMED BY SUCH METHODS.
Classification
- CPC, 9
- B24D3/06
- B22D19/14
- B22F2998/00
- C22C19/07
- C22F1/10
- C22C29/08
- B22D19/06
- C22C29/06
- E21B10/46
- IPC, 7
- B22D19 06
- B22D19 14
- B22D19 16
- C22C1 02
- C22C1 10
- C22C19 07
- E21B10 08