System and methods for generating chlorine dioxide.
Abstract
Disclosed herein are embodiments of a chlorine dioxide generating system. The system typically includes a reactor having a reactor volume into which sulfuric acid and sodium chlorite are delivered according to Formula 1 : (C1)(F1) = C2 , wherein F1 = flow rate of delivery of sodium chlorite to the at least one reactor, volume/time, C1 = amount of CIO2 produced per amount of sodium chlorite delivered to reactor; and C2 = CIO2 output amount/time; and wherein said reactor volume and F1 are such so as to provide a contact time between acidifying agent and sodium chlorite in the range of about 0.5 to about 30minutes.

Term
No projected expiry on record.
- Priority
- Filed
- Granted
- Today
33 claims: 6 independent, 27 dependent
- 1NOVEDAD DE LA INVENCIÓN NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION IMPI IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO Oí LA FROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL de cloro ÍClOo) oara MEXICAN INSTITUTE I HEARD THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY OF CHLORINE CLAIMS REIVINDICACIONES 5 one. A dioxide generation system metering a target source containing water, the system characterized in that it comprises:a source of acidifying agent;a source of sodium chlorite, said source of acidifying agent and said source of sodium chlorite each having a level indicator;a first reactor in fluid communication with said acidifying agent and said sodium chlorite, such that the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite are supplied to the first reactor;said first reactor being in fluid communication with the target source containing water to supply CIO gas2 to the target source containing water at a first addition point;a second reactor in fluid communication with said acidifying agent and said sodium chlorite, such that the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite are supplied to the second reactor;said second reactor being in fluid communication with the target source containing water to supply CIO gas2 to the target source containing water at a second addition point;and a system controller 20 configured to control the introduction of chlorine dioxide into the water that will be treated at said first addition point and at said second addition point in response to monitoring of a system parameter. 5 1. Un sistema de generación de dióxido dosificar una fuente objetivo que contiene agua, el sistema caracterizado porque comprende: una fuente de agente acidificante;una fuente de clorito de sodio, dicha fuente de agente acidificante y dicha fuente de clorito de sodio teniendo cada una un indicador de nivel;un primer reactor en comunicación 10 fluida con dicho agente acidificante y dicho clorito de sodio, de tal forma que el agente acidificante y el clorito de sodio se suministran al primer reactor;dicho primer reactor estando en comunicación fluida con la fuente objetivo que contiene agua para suministrar gas de CIO2 a la fuente objetivo que contiene agua en un primer punto de adición;un segundo reactor en comunicación 15 fluida con dicho agente acidificante y dicho clorito de sodio, de tal forma que el agente acidificante y el clorito de sodio son suministrados al segundo reactor;dicho segundo reactor estando en comunicación fluida con la fuente objetivo que contiene agua para suministrar gas de CIO2 a la fuente objetivo que contiene agua en un segundo punto de adición;y un controlador de sistema 20 configurado para controlar la introducción de dióxido de cloro al agua que será tratada en dicho primer punto de adición y en dicho segundo punto de adición en respuesta al monitoreo de un parámetro del sistema.
- 15El sistema de conformidad con ΙεΠΰ,νΐι idieaetó caracterizado además porque comprende adicionalmente un puerto en al menos uno de dicho primer reactor y dicho segundo reactor configurado para fifteen. The system in accordance with ΙεΠΰ, νΐι was further characterized in that it further comprises a port in at least one of said first reactor and said second reactor configured to 5 Connect to a source of flushing water or a chemical flush to flush the precipitate reactor. 5 conectar a una fuente de agua de lavado o un lavado químico para lavar el reactor de precipitados.
- 18A method for dosing chlorine dioxide to a target source containing water, the method characterized in that it comprises:supplying an acidifying agent from a source of acidifying agent to a first reactor containing a volume of the first reactor and to a second reactor containing a volume second reactor;supply sodium chlorite, at a concentration between 7.5 percent to 25 percent, from a 'IMPI $ g source of sodium chlorite to the first reactor and the second rMgBr> 18. Un método para dosificar dióxido de cloro a una fuente objetivo que contiene agua, el método caracterizado porque comprende: suministrar un agente acidificante de una fuente de agente acidificante a un primer reactor que contiene un volumen de primer reactor y a un segundo reactor que contiene un volumen de segundo reactor;suministrar clorito de sodio, a una concentración de entre 7.5 por ciento a 25 por ciento, de una ' IMPI$g fuente de clorito de sodio al primer reactor y al segundo rMgBr> Contact the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite for a contact time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 30 minutes in the first reactor based on the volume of the first reactor and a flow rate of sodium chlorite to the first reactor contacto el agente acidificante y el clorito de sodio por un tiempo de contacto en un intervalo de 0.5 minutos a 30 minutos en el primer reactor con base en el volumen del primer reactor y un caudal de clorito de sodio al primer reactor 5 to generate chlorine dioxide in the first reactor;contacting the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite for a contact time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 30 minutes in the second reactor based on the volume of the second reactor and a flow rate of sodium chlorite to the second reactor to generate dioxide chlorine in the second reactor;supply chlorine dioxide to 5 para generar dióxido de cloro en el primer reactor;poner en contacto el agente acidificante y el clorito de sodio por un tiempo de contacto en un intervalo de 0.5 minutos a 30 minutos en el segundo reactor con base en el volumen del segundo reactor y un caudal de clorito de sodio al segundo reactor para generar dióxido de cloro en el segundo reactor;suministrar dióxido de cloro a 10 the target source containing water at a first addition point based on the rate of acidifying agent and the rate of sodium chlorite to the first reactor;adjust the chlorine dioxide supply to the target water-containing source based on the flow rate of a flow stream from the target water-containing source, the volume of the reactor, and the flow rate of 10 la fuente objetivo que contiene agua en un primer punto de adición con base en el caudal de agente acidificante y el caudal de clorito de sodio al primer reactor;ajustar el suministro de dióxido de cloro a la fuente objetivo que contiene agua con base en el caudal de una corriente de flujo de la fuente objetivo que contiene agua, el volumen del reactor y el caudal de clorito de 15 sodio y el caudal del agente acidificante al reactor que permite el tiempo de contacto entre el agente acidificante y el clorito de sodio en el intervalo de 0.5 a 30 minutos;y suministrar dióxido de cloro a la fuente objetivo que contiene agua en un segundo punto de adición corriente abajo del primer punto de adición a una velocidad con base en al menos parcialmente a la respuesta del fifteen sodium and the flow rate of the acidifying agent to the reactor that allows the contact time between the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite in the range of 0.5 to 30 minutes;and supplying chlorine dioxide to the target water-containing source at a second addition point downstream of the first addition point at a rate based at least partially on the response of the 20 monltoreo de un parámetro del sistema. twenty monitoring a system parameter.
- 20El método de conformidad con la ~T51Vllldieación 18,caracterlzado además porque comprende adicionalmente suministrar el agente acidificante y el clorito de sodio a al menos uno de dicho primer reactor twenty. The method according to ~ T51Vllldieation 18, further characterized in that it further comprises supplying the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite to at least one of said first reactor 5 and said second reactor continuously to generally obtain a uniform dispersion of said acidifying agent and said sodium chlorite in at least one of said first reactor and said second reactor. 5 y dicho segundo reactor continuamente para obtener generalmente una dispersión uniforme de dicho agente acidificante y dicho clorito de sodio en al menos uno de dicho primer reactor y dicho segundo reactor.
- 26The method in accordance with * F ^ iS3 ^ ÍÍ ^ BÍI§r ζ INDUSTRIAL further characterized in that said source of sodium chlorite comprises a 15 percent (pph) sodium chlorite solution. 26. El método de conformidad con la *F^iS3^ÍÍ^BÍI§r ζ INDUSTRIAL caracterizado además porque dicha fuente de clorito de sodio comprende una solución de clorito de sodio de 15 por ciento (pph).
- 32The system in accordance with the— ^ i, viqdgo:ion 31 further characterized in that the system controller is further configured to adjust a pumping rate of at least one of the first 32. El sistema de conformidad con la—^i,viqdirar:ión 31 caracterizado además porque el controlador de sistema es configurado además para ajustar una velocidad de bombeo de al menos uno de la primera 5 Acidifying Agent Pump, Second Acidifying Agent Pump, First Sodium Chlorite Pump and Second Sodium Chlorite Pump, based on system parameter that is outside of a desired range. 5 bomba de agente acidificante, la segunda bomba de agente acidificante, la primera bomba de clorito de sodio y la segunda bomba de clorlto de sodio, con base en el parámetro del sistema que esta fuera de un intervalo deseado.
Independent claims6
131 paragraphs in 18 sections, as filed
(54) Title: SYSTEM AND METHODS TO GENERATE CHLORINE DIOXIDE.
(54) Title: SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR GENERATING CHLORINE DIOXIDE.
(57) Summary
Herein, the modalities of a system for generating chlorine dioxide are described; the system commonly includes a reactor having a rector volume in which sulfuric acid and sodium chlorite are supplied according to Formula 1: (C1) (F1) = C2, where F1 = chlorite supply flow sodium to at least one reactor, volume / time, C1 = amount of CIO2 produced by amount of sodium chlorite supplied to the reactor; and C2 = CIO2 output amount / time; and wherein said reactor volume and F1 are such as to provide a contact time between the acidifying agent and sodium chlorite on the scale of about 0.5 to about 30 minutes.
(57) Abstract
Disclosed herein are executions of a chlorine dioxide generating system. The system typically ineludes a reactor having a reactor volume into which sulfuric acid and sodium chlorite are delivered according to Formula 1: (C1) (F1) = C2, wherein F1 = flow rate of delivery of sodium chlorite to the at least one reactor, volume / time, C1 = amount of CIO2 produced per amount of sodium chlorite delivered to reactor; and C2 = CIO2 output amount / time; and where said reactor volume and F1 are such so as to provide a contad time between acidifying agent and sodium chlorite in the range of about 0.5 to about 30minutes.
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PATENT TITLE NO. 338643 _SE_
Mv? 4 T.ym οι H'ONOWÍA
Institute
Mexican Property
Industrial
Owner (s): BCR ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION
Address: 3740 St. Johns Bluff Rd. South, Jacksonvllle, Florida, 32224, USA
Name: SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR GENERATING CHLORINE DIOXIDE.
Classification: lnt.CI.8: B01J19 / 24; C01B11 / 02
<td colspan="2">Inventor (s): FREDERICK P. MUSSARI</td><td rowspan="2">«Wi U t, .f · · '- ....., ...................</td>
<td> ·. ·</td><td>REQUEST</td>
<td>Number: MX / a / 2012/006528</td><td colspan="2">International filing date: December 07, 2010</td>
<td></td><td>PRIORITY</td><td></td>
<td>Country:</td><td>Date:</td><td>Number: ' '2;</td>
<td>US</td><td>December 7, 2009</td><td> 61/267,142</td>
Validity: Twenty garlics
Coot from VencinÑentoi September 7, 2030
The reference holder is provided as articles 1, 2, section V, 6, section III, and 59 of the Industrial Property Law.
In accordance with the article | j23 of the Bey of the Property MmMM, the present patent has a validity of Unpronounceable VeMgpnos, counted from the date the international application is preserved and will be subject to the payment of the cake to maintain the rights. S »
Whoever signs this title does so based on the provisions of articles 6 fractions III and 7 bis 2 of the Industrial Property Law (Official Journal of the Federation (DOF) 06/27/1991, amended on 02 / 08/1994, 10/25/1996, 12/26/1997, 05/17/1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/2005, 25 / QI / 2006, 0®5 / 2009,06 / 01 / 2010, 18/00/2010, 20/00/2010, 01/27/2012 and 09704/2012); articles 1, 3 <tacclón V Incito a), 4 and 12 fractions I and lll d · Regulations of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property (DOF 12/14/1999, rearmed on 07/01/2002, 07/15 / 2004, 07/28/2004 and »9/2007); Articles 1, 3, 4, 5, section V Inceo a), 16 sections I and III and 30 of the Organic Statute of the Mexican Institute of Filustrial Property (DOF) 12/27/1999, amended on 10/10/2002, 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2 7); 1, 3 and 5 * lñ®S%} ttel AñÍHÍ fjue delegates powers to the Deputy Bírectores Generales, Co-Deputy Directors DMsfonálee, TNMMes of the Regional Offices, Divisional Deputy Directors, Departmental Coordinators and other subordinates of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property ( DOF 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000, 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007).
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Sand! No. 550, Floor 1,
Coi Pueblo Santa María Tepepan Xochímílco, C P. Í6020,
Mexico City
Tea!. (55) 53 34 C7 00 wvvw.impi.gob.inx
Issue Date: April 25, 2016
THE DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS
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NAHANNY CANAL REYES
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MX / 2016/31956
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RELATED REQUESTS
This request claims priority to the serial number of States
States 61 / 267,142 filed on December 7, 2009, which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel chlorine dioxide production apparatus, or reactor, to a novel system for the production of amounts of commercial grade chlorine dioxide and other grades of starting materials, and to methods for using the reactor in if you.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Various species of chlorine are used in small and large scale bleaching, oxidation, and disinfection operations. These operations range from providing a weak solution of sodium hypochlorite in a bottle for household bleaching and disinfection (liquid bleaching solutions, about 5% sodium hypochlorite), to supplying pure chlorine gas to a waste stream from a treatment plant of sewage. A
1JML jp I problem with the use of pure chlorine gas, however, & eeu,<sub>T</sub>high, rtQx¡óiQa ^ ág <j
OF THE PROPERTY ^^^ ιιι ··? ^ INDUSTRIAL risk to workers in the event of leaks and accidents.
A common method for large-scale water purification that may be safer than on-site transportation and subsequent use of chlorine gas is on-site production of chlorine dioxide. This strong oxidant is used for oxidation to disinfect flowing water in drinking water treatment plants and in waste water treatment plants. As a strong oxidant, chlorine dioxide destroys viruses, bacteria, and other microscopic organisms as it oxidizes compounds that have a lower oxidation potential than themselves. To maximize its oxidation and disinfection effects, chlorine dioxide is preferably added in a water treatment system after the basin or sedimentation tank.
Chlorine dioxide (CIO2; CASR n 10049-04-4) is a greenish-yellow gas at room temperature that is stable in the dark but unstable in the light. As noted, it is recognized as an extremely powerful biocide, disinfecting and oxidizing agent. As for the regulatory standards for chlorine dioxide in commercial and wastewater and water purification applications, in 1967, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) first registers the liquid form of chlorine dioxide for use as a disinfectant and sterilizer. In 1988, EPA registers chlorine dioxide gas as a sterilizer.
Chlorine dioxide kills microorganisms by disrupting the transport of nutrients through the cell wall. Chlorine dioxide is a gas, which is highly soluble in water and smells like ^ aJu ^ fcoRlí instituto méxicano r. ' OF THE FRCP'EDAD
However, chlorine dioxide should not be confused with<sup>D</sup>cTorb. There are two different chemicals that react differently and secondary "pfódüceñ'pródüctbs" that also have little in common.
Chlorine dioxide, CIO2, offers the following benefits. First,
CIO2 works through an oxidant rather than the chlorination reaction, the mode of action of chlorine gas. This virtually eliminates the formation of chlorinated organic compounds that are expected to increase certain cancer risks. Second, CIO<sub>2</sub> when generated on-site, eliminates the need for on-site storage of chlorine and / or transportation
Various types of chlorine dioxide generator are commercially available. Many still use chlorine gas in their generation procedure, and while it is effective, the risk management issues associated with chlorine still remain.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Many references describe methods of chlorine dioxide production. However, these references have not achieved the reliable results and consistent operation of the present Invention, using the reagents and conditions of the present Invention. Given the toxicity and risk inherent in the use of chlorine gas, there is a need to develop a safer and more reliable alternative to its use in oxidation and disinfection applications. Given the over-estimates of returns
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By using known chlorine dioxide production methods when technical or commercial grades of starting materials are used, there is a need to develop a method that can reliably and consistently use technical grade and commercial reagent to produce chlorine dioxide at sufficiently high economic returns with a minimum of unwanted by-products.
EU patent publication 20050244328 describes a generator and method for producing chlorine dioxide. The inventor of embodiments of the present invention represents further improvements and developments of chlorine dioxide generation.
The present invention, described and claimed below, advances the technique by providing a reaction chamber, system, and methods for the production of chlorine dioxide gas for oxidation and disinfection purposes.
As described below, the technique advances by meeting the needs set forth above.
The present invention relates to a novel reaction chamber useful in the high-yield production of chlorine dioxide gas from commercial and technical grade reagents. The invention also includes useful systems for the addition of chlorine dioxide to flows in need of said compound where more than one point of addition is provided, and monitoring more than one point along the flow provides the filling of chlorine dioxide in points after the initial addition point.
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In this way, an objective of the present invention is ^^ vanZéír
INDUSTRY!. 'ί the chlorine dioxide generation technique with a new reaction chamber design where commercial and technical grades of common reagents are managed to safely react for completion or near completion to generate high yields of dioxide gas of chlorine. A related aspect is having the ability to generate a large or small amount of chlorine dioxide using a simple reaction chamber without the need to change anything other than the reactor volume or amount (flow) of the precursor chemicals.
Another aspect of the present invention is to practice a chlorine dioxide production method to generate high yields of chlorine dioxide gas. Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a means of producing chlorine dioxide at a location near its use for the disinfection of a stream of water or other liquid, to reduce the risks of toxic release and of danger to workers, the environment , and close people.
The foregoing has summarized some of the most pertinent aspects of the present invention. These aspects should be constructed to be merely illustrative of some of the most prominent features and applications of the invention. The following detailed description and modalities are exemplary and explanatory only and should not be considered restrictive hereof, as claimed. These and other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent after a review of
IMPI full detailed description, industrial modalities appended claims. As will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art, many other beneficial results and applications can be achieved by applying modifications to the invention as described. Said modifications are within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure J ^ jj presents a generalized representation (not to scale) of an embodiment of the chlorine dioxide system of the present invention.
Figure ^ our an embodiment of a chlorine dioxide dosing system that includes two chlorine dioxide reactors.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
One embodiment of the present invention relates to a chlorine dioxide generating system, having a reaction chamber as a key component, wherein the system is designed to optimize the production of doro dioxide gas from reactions between various combinations of reactive. As used throughout this description, the terms reactive, precursor chemicals, precursor materials, and materials
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starting faith are defined to refer to the same thing, it is
INDUSTRIAL that are passed into the reaction chamber for reaction to reform the one or more products, or end products, of the invention. Also as used throughout this invention, the pipeline has its normal meaning, and flow channel is taken to refer to a pipeline as well as any open channel through which a fluid passes.
Typical modes of the chlorine dioxide system of the present invention use an acidic solution and a chlorite solution to produce chlorine dioxide. When implemented, for example, to treat a municipal mixed or residential wastewater stream, this system uses an untreated water pump to supply the water (carrier medium) to an on-site chemical reactor (also referred to as a chamber or reaction generator). The water pump runs once the system is turned on and the waste water flows through the main waste water line (pipe, channel, etc.) of the waste stream being treated. In specific modes, the input data can be obtained from a CIO2 monitor and the flow switch signals a system controller to drive the chemical feed pumps. The chemical feed pumps suck the individual chemical solutions up from their storage tanks and supply them to the chemical reactor. In more specific modalities, this reactor is located to be carried out by the flow of the water supplied by the raw water pump. This is done as a security feature to ensure that the
IMPI
INSTITUTO M IXICA.VO chlorine dioxide is directed into the immediate solution previniefldfcOSiSfil potentially explosive condition that occurs. An intorruptaudcÍj can optionally be provided in the raw material carrier water line to interrupt the chemical feed, thus during the CIO generation interruption 5<sub>2</sub>, water loss can occur. In more specific embodiments, each of the chemical feed lines is equipped with a Flow Switch connected in series with the other Flow Switches of the other flows, so that if one flow is interrupted, all flow ceases.
In a specific embodiment, the system includes a reactor that supplies (dose) CIO<sub>2</sub> to a target source containing water to achieve a target concentration of CIO<sub>2</sub> to the target source. Examples of a source containing target water include, but are not limited to, drinking and non-drinking water sources, sewage sludge, swimming pools, ponds, or other reservoirs that contain a water component. Typically, the system will dose target sources through a conduit that carries a moving current. In an even more specific modality, the provision of CIO<sub>2</sub> The target source is adjusted based on the known flow stream flow, the known volume of the reactor, and the flow rates of reactants to the reactors to allow a contact time between reactants of 0.5-30 minutes in the reactor. .
According to an example, a target concentration is achieved based on the following:
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Formula i
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY
INDUSTRIAL
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(CiXF,) = C<sub>2</sub> where
Fi = supply flow of sodium chlorite to at least one reactor (volume / time),
Ci = amount of CIO<sub>2</sub> produced by quantity of sodium chlorite supplied to the reactor; and
C<sub>2</sub> = CIO output<sub>2</sub> (quantity / time).
Based on the previous formula, the output is adjusted by varying Fi as long as the reactor volume and flow are such that they allow a reagent contact time of between 0.5-30 minutes. Typically, the target contact time is between about 1 minute and about 20 minutes. In a more specific modality, the target contact time is 1.5 minutes to 20 minutes. The reactor volume also affects the maximum output of the chlorine dioxide generation system. That is, once the flow rate is such that it meets the lowest desired contact time (or reaction time), the volume of the reactor must be increased to increase the output. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the reaction volumes to meet the needed contact times and target output in order to meet the target water-containing source doro dioxide concentrations (see, for example, Example 1, below).
The above describes the operation of typical modalities of the
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impi chlorine dioxide system of the present invention? ^^^! additional security that can be incorporated in these or other modalities. include, but are not limited to: (1) High, low and critically low level indicators on chemical storage tanks, (2) check valves and 5 foot valves on either side of chemical feed pumps as well as chemical flow switches to assess that all reagents (3) calibration columns are supplied to the reactor on the discharge side of the chemical feed pumps, (4) check valves and a bypass arrangement around the reactor / injector to allow service and inspection and (5) bi-directional telemetry to delay the signals from the above and / or other parameters to a remote site, and send back the controls to the pumps, etc. (such as for control, decision making), and numerous other features that aid system performance. These additional aspects add reliability and safety to the system in 15 typical industrial work environments.
Figure 1 provides a general operational diagram of a portion of a treatment system (not to scale) showing the reactor of the present invention configured to dose a flow stream from a target source containing water. FIG. 1 provides a general operational diagram 20 of a portion of a treatment system 90 (not to scale) showing a reactor mode 100 configured to dose a flow stream 142 from a target source containing water. Reactor 100 has a volume 110 where a source of acidifying agent 103
IMPW supplies via a first conduit 106 an acidifying agent ^ ^ ^ Urfsi f
INDUSTRIAL Chlorite 105 also supplies a 108 'chlorite agent to volume 110 through line 108. Acidifying agent 106' and chlorite agent 108 'react with each other in volume 110 to produce CIO2 130. Reactor 100 is connected fluidly to flow conduit 140. When CIO2 is produced, it supplies CIO2 to flow stream 142 in flow conduit
140.
Furthermore, although not tied to the use of particular reagents, an exemplary reaction involves the use of sodium chlorite and sulfuric acid as the proton donor as shown below:
4NaCIO<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>SW<sub>4</sub>^ 2CIO<sub>2</sub> + HCIO<sub>3</sub> + 2Na<sub>2</sub>SW<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O + HCI
According to this equation, the concentration of chlorine dioxide inside the reactor is determined by the concentration of precursor chemicals. Using a 15% (pph) concentration of sodium chlorite for example, the maximum yield of chlorine dioxide is around 13% (pph). Under normal conditions, sodium chlorite is capable of converting the conversion rate by 85 percent (85%). Chlorine dioxide is highly soluble in water (up to 8%), and any CIO2 gas that comes from the solution quickly dissolves in the treatment stream until it leaves the chamber. Since chlorine dioxide gas is explosive at concentrations exceeding 10% in air, this aspect provides a unique level of safety, · jpj á ^ í
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY for this invention.
By the term effective amount refers to an amount relative to other additions that has been found, or is determinable without undue experimentation, is an amount sufficient to achieve a stated purpose, reaction, or objective.
In typical operations of the reactors of the present invention, the following chemical reagent solutions below are used. In particular, the inventors have determined that sulfuric acid concentrations of between 30-60 percent (pph) can react with sodium chlorite solutions of between 7.5 to 25 percent (pph). In one embodiment, a volume of sulfuric acid at 40-60 percent (pph) is combined in a reaction chamber with a volume of aqueous sodium chlorite at 7.5-25 percent (pph) and allowed to react for a period of predetermined time. In a more specific embodiment, a 45-55 percent (pph) volume of sulfuric acid reacts with a 12-17 percent (pph) volume of sodium chlorite. In an even more specific embodiment, 50 percent (pph) of sulfuric acid solution and 15 percent (pph) of sodium chlorite solution is supplied to the reaction chamber. Volumes can be in ratios of 0.1-10.0: 10-0.1. In more specific modes, the volume ratio is 1-10: 10-1,1-5: 5-1, 1-2: 2-1,1-1.5: 1.5-1, or 1: 1.
In an illustrative embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of 'dilute sulfuric acid' in the generation of chlorine dioxide, resulting in higher than expected conversion rates for this chemistry when used with prior art methods.
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INDUSTRIAL generation according to the present invention produces CIO? With little or no conversion of chlorine dioxide generated to chlorinate even with a long residence time in the reactor as it happens when dealing with hydrochloric acid, two chemical generation methods are used.
The general operating parameters of a typical reaction and reactor are as follows. Regarding pressure, when the reactor is in situ (inside a pipe that carries water where the reactor releases the reaction products), the inlet flow rate of the reactants, the volume of the reaction chamber, and the reactor outlet flow (typically a nozzle that prevents dilution of the reagents while preventing excessive pressure from building up inside the reaction vessel) is configured so that the supplied reagents and reaction product flow to the source containing target water. In this way the reaction products (i.e. chlorine dioxide gas, minerals in solution or expelled as a dilute suspension, chlorine dioxide dissolved within the aqueous phase which are largely composed of the combined water component of the reagent solutions chemical) are easily released into that source containing target water on a desired continuous, semi-continuous or pulsed basis.
In general, there are several alternative operations in the use and mixing of the aqueous chemical solutions containing the reagents of the method of the present invention for the production of chlorine dioxide. In a
ΙΜΡΙ £ very general level, regarding simplicity of ^ tg ^ l ^^ íE ^ W
INDUSTRIAL ^ *** maintaining a desired ratio of reagents to each other, an alternative is to produce aqueous chemical solutions in concentrations such that the pumping of these is in a 1: 1 ratio. These solutions are then added in this simple ratio to generate chlorine dioxide.
It is recognized that some users do not have an appropriate level of knowledge and / or skill, and / or may not spend the time necessary to make adjustments to consistently obtain a chlorine dioxide output within a desired range.
Consequently, in such situations, as another example of the previous alternative, the ratio of the final reagent solutions is kept at 1: 1, but the concentration of the chlorite source is decreased. By diluting the chlorite source, the output of chlorine dioxide is limited, even when the operator raises the pumping speed of the common chemical feed pump to its maximum capacity.
In some alternatives, one option is to monitor flow interruption through each chemical reagent solution pump, and suspend the entire system and stop if a failure occurs. Another control mechanism is to have a control feedback loop that adjusts the pumping speed of one or more pumps based on a system parameter that is outside of a desired range.
It is noted that reagents can sometimes cause a build up of calcium or other metals within the reactor. This could be
<img file="MX338643B_D0016.tif" />
caused when the water to be treated contains high levels of other metals, such as iron. These metals can precipitate out and build up as scale inside the reactor. Thus, as can be used in any of the reactor embodiments of the present invention, an additional input / output port, or feed line is introduced into the reactor. This allows water and / or a chemical to flush the reactor. Said washing can be carried out with an acid such that it is used in the reaction procedure. The frequency of washing is dependent on the levels of precipitants in the solution.
Also, although the present invention is described in certain subsequent examples as used to disinfect the effluent in wastewater treatment plants, it is recognized that the present invention has numerous other applications and is highly versatile. For example, without limitation, the reactions, apparatus, methods, and systems of the present invention can be used to disinfect or otherwise treat not only the effluent from wastewater treatment plants, but also the following:
one. Ballast water from ships in the ocean, to eliminate larval and adult stages of exotic species that can be pumped into the bilge at an external port, before discharge of said ballast water to another port (to prevent such environmental problems as a zebra mussel in the United States);
2. Disinfection and / or sterilization of municipal water, sludge / biosolids from the treatment plant procedure
<img file="MX338643B_D0017.tif" />
3. Disinfection sources of water to be used for drinking water (drinking), water used for animal farming or other process water;
Four. Washing and disinfection applications for fruits and vegetables.
Chlorine dioxide is recognized to oxidize certain pesticide residues, making them less harmful to consumers.
5. As a method to provide additional treatment to wastewater in areas of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreaks, such as the application of chlorine dioxide generated to enter wastewater into a WWTP, and / or in places where the victims of said syndrome is known to be alive.
6. Odor control, to oxidize sulfur compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide, without formation of colloidal sulfides.
7. Generate chlorine dioxide stock solutions to treat pulp and paper, to disinfect surfaces, and for other purposes approved by the
EPA.
The following non-limiting examples are presented to better illustrate the invention.
EXAMPLE 1
<img file="MX338643B_D0018.tif" />
MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY
INDUSTRIAL
<img file="MX338643B_D0019.tif" />
Figure 2 shows a chlorine dioxide generating system 200 used to treat a 605665.8 liter pool (not shown). System 200 includes a first reactor 206 and a second reactor 208 that are in fluid communication with a pool line 240, which belongs to the pool flow stream directed by system 200. System 200 also includes a first tank 210 containing 15 percent, pph, aqueous sodium chlorite solution, and a second tank 212 containing 4510 55 percent, pph, of aqueous concentration (preferably 50 percent, pph) of sulfuric acid. The reagents in tanks 210 and 212 communicate fluidly with pumps 216, 218, and 214, 220, respectively, through tubes 236, 238, and 234, 232, respectively. Pumps 214 and 216 pump sodium and acid chlorite into reactor 206 through the tubes
224 and 222, respectively. Pumps 218 and 220 pump sodium and acid chlorite into second reactor 208 through tubes 226 and 228, respectively. Table 1 sets forth a calculation demonstrating a maximum chlorine dioxide output using system 200 that belongs to a target reaction time of 3 minutes.
<img file="MX338643B_D0020.tif" />
The inventors have realized that the unique characteristics of the reaction chemistry used in their system modalities allows for much greater flexibility in chlorine dioxide dosing, with a generator that has the ability to supply a wide range of dioxide concentrations. of chlorine into the treatment stream. The examples in Table 2 illustrate this feature. Table 2 shows that a single generator that has a capacity of 2.0 liters is capable of supplying a range of 12.2 kg / day to 183.2 kg / day of chlorine dioxide for a series A application of these generators allows the supply of a quantity large or small chlorine dioxide for any application with a previously unattainable level of security and flexibility.
The teachings of any reference herein, including related patent documents, are incorporated herein in their entirety to the extent that is inconsistent with the teachings herein. Although several exemplary embodiments herein have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes and substitutions can be made without departing from the invention herein. Accordingly, it is intended that the inventions be limited only by the essence and scope of the appended claims.
TABLE 1
<img file="MX338643B_D0021.tif" />
IT - 20
<img file="MX338643B_D0022.tif" />
TABLE 2
<img file="MX338643B_D0023.tif" />
Contents18
23 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23
20 members in 11 offices
Priority claims9
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26714209 | United States of America | P | |
| 26714209 | United States of America | P | |
| 61267142 | United States of America | – | |
| 2010059208 | United States of America | W | |
| 2010059208 | United States of America | W | |
| 61267142 | – | – | – |
| US1059208 | – | – | – |
| US20090267142P | – | – | – |
| WO2010US59208 | – | – | – |
Members20
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2783194A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2011071862A2 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A2 | |
| WO2011071862A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| AU2010328338A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| IL220214A0 | Israel | A0 | |
| KR20120105477A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| MX2012006529A | Mexico | A | |
| EP2509914A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| CN102753473A | China | A | |
| US2013015113A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| JP2013512855A | Japan | A | |
| EP2509914A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| CN102753473B | China | B | |
| JP5764572B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| MX338643BThis record | Mexico | B | |
| BR112012013874A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| IL220214A | Israel | A | |
| AU2010328338B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| US9492804B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| CA2783194C | Canada | C |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Grant or registrationFG | FG |
Numbers
- Publication
- 338643
- Publication, DOCDB
- 338643
- Publication, EPODOC
- MX338643
- Application
- 2012006529
- Application, DOCDB
- 2012006529
- Application, EPODOC
- MX20120006529
Titles2
- English
- SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR GENERATING CHLORINE DIOXIDE.
- Spanish
- SISTEMA Y METODOS PARA GENERAR DIOXIDO DE CLORO.
Classification
- CPC, 12
- B01J10/002
- C01B11/024
- B01J4/002
- B01J2204/005
- B01J2219/00033
- B01J2219/00166
- C02F1/008
- C02F1/685
- C02F1/76
- B01J19/24
- C01B7/03
- C01B11/02
- IPC, 2
- C01B11 02
- B01J19 24