Down-hole intelligent communication system based on the real-time characterisation of the attenuation of signals in a coaxial cable used as a transmission medium.
Abstract
The invention comprises real-time down-hole intelligent communication based on the characterisation of signal attenuation caused by a coaxial cable used as a communication medium and by frequency response changes of the electronic components of the transmitters and receivers, generated by the down-hole operating environment. The invention relates to a method for the real-time characterisation of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system using a coaxial cable, consisting in: generating test tones for the real-time characterisation of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system in the transmission and reception bands, measuring the signals received, estimating noise and the ratio to the communication signal, comparing with reference responses, adjusting the transmission and reception frequencies in order to maintain the communication with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio. The invention also relates to an adaptive two-way transmitter/receiver system for c ommunication using coaxial cable as a link means, formed by: a transmitter with automatic adjustment of the operating band by means of the real-time characterisation of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system. The invention further relates to adjustable filtering and coupling devices for optimising the transmission and reception bands, and a control module capable of measuring the transmission and reception attenuation responses and determining the operating frequencies and modulation techniques. The invention also relates to an intelligent receiver capable of automatically adjusting the operating band and modulation techniques in data reception.

Term
6.1 yearsleft in the term
Expires 14 November 2032.
- Priority and filed
- Granted
- Today
- Expires
5 claims: 3 independent, 2 dependent
- 1CLAIMS REIVINDICACIONES 1. Un método para la caracterización en respuesta de atenuación de un sistema bidireccional de comunicación inteligente para fondo de pozo que utiliza cables coaxiales como medio de enlace caracterizado por que consiste en las siguiente pasos one. A method for the attenuation response characterization of a two-way downhole intelligent communication system that uses coaxial cables as a link medium characterized by the following steps a) Enviar un comando de caracterización del módulo de superficie al módulo de fondo de pozo a) Send a characterization command from the surface module to the downhole module b) Generar desde el módulo de superficie señales de prueba de espectro amplio en el dominio de la frecuencia basado un pulso de voltaje en el dominio del tiempo capaz de generar señales con frecuencias en las bandas de transmisión y recepción de interés b) Generate broad-spectrum test signals in the frequency domain from the surface module based on a voltage pulse in the time domain capable of generating signals with frequencies in the transmission and reception bands of interest c) Acquire and store the test signal that has traveled through the entire communications medium including the electronic filtering elements c) Adquirir y almacenar la señal de prueba que ha viajado por todo el medio de comunicaciones incluyendo los elementos electrónicos de filtrado d) Acquire and store the background noise signal present at the input of the downhole receiver d) Adquirir y almacenar la señal de ruido de fondo presente en la entrada del receptor del fondo de pozo e) Procesar las señales adquiridas en los pasos (b) y (c) mediante la Transformada Rápida de Fourier (FTT) e) Process the signals acquired in steps (b) and (c) using the Fast Fourier Transform (FTT) f) Estimar la frecuencia de transmisión con la mejor relación señal a ruido a partir de las FTTs obtenidas de la señal de prueba y de la señal de ruido en el fondo de pozo f) Estimate the transmission frequency with the best signal-to-noise ratio from the FTTs obtained from the test signal and from the downhole noise signal g) Adjust the coefficients of the digital filters and demodulator block parameters to adjust the downhole receiver to the new reception frequency g) Ajustar los coeficientes de los filtros digitales y parámetros del bloque demodulador para ajustar el receptor de fondo de pozo a la nueva frecuencia de recepción h) Adjust the parameters of the irn ^ ddl'Sdót block. h) Ajustar los parámetros del bloque irn^ddl'Sdót. 4·'' r superficie para ajustar el transmisor' ,aíá nüeyá'-:;:';,^j> frecuencia de transmisión 4·'' r surface to adjust the transmitter ', aíá nüeyá' -:;: ';, ^ j> transmission frequency
- 2A method like the one claimed in claim 1 applied to a downhole intelligent communication system for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system that uses coaxial cables as a link medium, characterized in that requires equipment with digital signal processing capacity, a surface data acquisition system based on;a downhole measurement module, based on a digital signal processor and tractor equipment;where the surface data acquisition system has the capacity to generate, receive and process broad-spectrum signals for the characterization of the communication medium, which includes an acquisition and control module, a computer, a PLC transmitter with modules for surface filtering and a PLC receiver with surface filtering modules;and where the downhole measurement module is based on a digital signal processor that has the capacity to generate, receive and process broad-spectrum test signals for the characterization of the communications medium, which comprises a census module , a control and processing module, a downhole transmitter with a downhole filter module, a downhole receiver with downhole filter modules and a downhole power supply with voltage. 2. Un método como el que se reclamó en la reivindicación 1 aplicado a un sistema de comunicación inteligente en fondo de pozo para la caracterización en tiempo real de la respuesta de atenuación de un sistema bidireccional de comunicaciones que utiliza cables coaxiales como medio de enlace, caracterizado porque requiere un equipo con capacidad de procesamiento digital de señales, un sistema de adquisición de datos en superficie basado en;un módulo de medición en fondo de pozo, basado en un procesador digital de señales y un equipo tractor;en donde el sistema de adquisición de datos en superficie tiene la capacidad de generar, recibir y procesar señales de espectro amplio para la caracterización del medio de comunicaciones, el cual comprende un módulo de adquisición y control, una computadora, un transmisor PLC con módulos de filtrado en superficie y un receptor PLC con módulos de filtrado en superficie;y en donde el módulo de medición en fondo de pozo está basado en un procesador digital de señales que tiene la capacidad de generar, recibir y procesar señales de prueba de espectro amplio para la caracterización del medio de comunicaciones, el cual comprende un módulo de censado, un módulo de control y procesamiento, un transmisor en fondo de pozo con módulo de filtrado en fondo de pozo, un receptor en fondo de pozo con módulos de filtrado en fondo de pozo y una fuente de alimentación en fondo de pozo que voltaje. consiste en una fuente reducgbífca, de altó'·.'¿jsfjjí. it consists of a reducgbifca source, from altó '· .'¿jsfjjí.
- 5An adaptive bidirectional intelligent communication system for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional downhole intelligent communication system that uses coaxial cables as a link medium, with the capacity for real-time characterization of the variation of operating conditions of both the cable and the electronic components subjected to high temperature, characterized by:5. Un sistema de comunicación inteligente bidireccional adaptativo para la caracterización en tiempo real de la respuesta de atenuación de un sistema bidireccional de comunicación inteligente para fondo de pozo que utiliza cables coaxiales como medio de enlace, con capacidad de caracterización en tiempo real de la variación de las condiciones de operación tanto del cable, como de los componentes electrónicos sometidos a alta temperatura, caracterizado por: a) A surface module for surface data acquisition with digital signal processing capacity that it can generate, I received wide spectrum signals in the domain of “- ** -“ * T— «) V · η.ΤΤ I .-I JIL IW »ι · Ι —------ frequency based on a pulse of voltage in the time domain, capable of generating signals with frequencies in the transmission and reception bands of interest for the characterization of the communications medium by adjusting the coefficients of the digital filters and parameters of the demodulator block of the downhole module to adapt its receiver to the new reception frequency and that adjusts the parameters of the surface modulator block to adapt the transmitter to the new transmission frequency, the surface module being made up of a acquisition and control module, a computer, a PLC transmitter with surface filter modules and a PLC receiver with surface filter modules;a) Un módulo de superficie para adquisición de datos en superficie con capacidad de procesamiento digital de señales que puede generar, recibí señales de espectro amplio en el dominio de la “ -**-“*T—«) V ·η.ΤΤ I.-I JIL I-W» ι·Ι—------ frecuencia basado un pulso de voltaje en el dominio del tiempo, capaz de generar señales con frecuencias en las bandas de transmisión y recepción de interés para la caracterización del medio de comunicaciones ajustando los coeficientes de los filtros digitales y parámetros del bloque demodulador del módulo de fondo de pozo para adecuar su receptor a la nueva frecuencia de recepción y que ajusta los parámetros del bloque modulador de superficie para adecuar el transmisor a la nueva frecuencia de transmisión estando el módulo de superficie integrado por un módulo de adquisición y control, una computadora, un transmisor PLC con módulos de filtrado en superficie y un receptor PLC con módulos de filtrado en superficie;b) A downhole measurement module that acquires and stores at the input of the downhole receiver the test signal that has traveled through the entire communications medium including the electronic filtering elements, stores the bottom noise signal present, processes the signals acquired using the Fast Fourier Transform (FTT), estimates the transmission frequency with the best signal-to-noise ratio from the FTTs obtained from the test signal and from the downhole noise signal, the downhole measurement module being based on a digital signals that have the capacity to generate, receive and process wide-spectrum test signals, - for the characterization of the communications medium, which is made up of a census module T ^ ürT'modulo ^ 'for control and processing, a downhole transmitter with downhole filter module, a downhole receiver with downhole filter modules and a downhole power supply consisting of a high voltage reducing source;b) Un módulo de medición en fondo de pozo que adquiere y almacena en la entrada del receptor del fondo de pozo la señal de prueba que ha viajado por todo el medio de comunicaciones incluyendo los elementos electrónicos de filtrado, almacena la señal de ruido de fondo presente, procesa las señales adquiridas mediante la Transformada Rápida de Fourier (FTT), estima la frecuencia de transmisión con la mejor relación señal a ruido a partir de las FTTs obtenidas de la señal de prueba y de la señal de ruido en el fondo de pozo, estando el módulo de medición en fondo de pozo basado en un procesador digital de señales que tiene la capacidad de generar, recibir y procesar señales de prueba de espectro amplíó’ñ,- para la caracterización del medio de comunicaciones, el cual está integrado por un módulo de censadoT^ürT'modulo^’de control y procesamiento, un transmisor en fondo de pozo con módulo de filtrado en fondo de pozo, un receptor en fondo de pozo con módulos de filtrado en fondo de pozo y una fuente de alimentación en fondo de pozo que consiste en una fuente reductora de alto voltaj e;potencia. power.
Independent claims3
163 paragraphs in 15 sections, as filed
(54) Title: INTELLIGENT COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR A WELL FUND BASED ON THE REAL-TIME CHARACTERIZATION OF SIGNAL ATTENUATION IN COAXIAL CABLE USED AS A TRANSMISSION MEDIA.
(54) Title: DOWN-HOLE INTELLIGENT COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE REAL-TIME CHARACTERISATION OF THE ATTENUATION OF SIGNALS IN A COAXIAL CABLE USED AS A TRANSMISSION MEDIUM.
(57) Summary
The present invention encompasses intelligent downhole communication in real time based on the characterization of signal attenuation caused by a coaxial cable used as a communication medium and by changes in frequency response of the electronic components of transmitters and receivers. , caused by the operating environment at the bottom of the well. Method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system using a coaxial cable, consisting of: The generation of test tones for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system in the transmission and reception bands, the measurement of received signals, estimation of noise and the relationship with the communication signal, Comparison with reference responses, adjustment of transmission and reception frequencies to maintain communication with the maximum signal to noise ratio. Adoptive bidirectional receiver transmitter system for coaxial cable communication as a link medium which is composed of: A transmitter with automatic adjustment of the operating band by means of the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system. Adjustable coupling and filtering devices for optimization of the transmission and reception bands. Control module capable of measuring transmission and reception attenuation responses and determining operating frequencies and modulation techniques. An intelligent receiver with automatic operation band adjustment capabilities and modulation techniques in data reception.
(57) Abstract
The invention comprises real-time down-hole intelligent communication based on the characterization of signal attenuation caused by a coaxial cable used as a communication medium and by frequency response changes of the electronic components of the transmitters and receivers, generated by the down-hole operating environment. The invention relates to a method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system using a coaxial cable, consisting of: generating test tones for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a twoway communication system in the transmission and reception bands, measuring the signáis received, estimating noise and the ratio to the communication signal, comparing with reference responses, adjusting the transmission and reception frequencies in order to maintain the communication with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio. The invention also relates to an adaptive two-way transmitter / receiver system for c ommunication using coaxial cable as a link means, formed by: a transmitter with automatic adjustment of the operating band by means of the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system. The invention further relates to adjustable filtering and coupling devices for optimizing the transmission and reception bands, and a control module capable of measuring the transmission and reception attenuation responses and determining the operating frequencies and modulation techniques. The invention also relates to an intelligent receiver capable of automatically adjusting the operating band and modulation techniques in data reception.
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of
PATENT TITLE NO. 337328 _SE_ «H ¡IHARM l) i lUlMWI '.
Mexican Institute of Industrial Property BJH
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Headlines):
Home:
INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Reforma No. 113, Col. Palmira, 62490, Cuernavaca, Morelos, MEXICO
Name: INTELLIGENT COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR WELL FUND BASED ON THE REAL-TIME CHARACTERIZATION OF SIGNAL ATTENUATION IN COAXIAL CABLE USED AS A TRANSMISSION MEDIA. lnt.Cl.8: E21B47 / 06; E21B47 / 12; G01V3 / 34; H04B3 / 48
RITO MIJAREZ CASTRO; DAVID PASCACIO MALDONADO; RICHARD
VAR, utla '
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presentation:
November 2012
PRIORITY
Date: -
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MARIA
Venue Date: I4 a with fi
In accordance with the article of the county as of the date of presentation, I have done it from I 006, 06 and III di 004 and 7i «age ii, lega fai es Divi! FormadiyWff and
November 2032 damerí articles 1 °, 2 ° fraction V, 6 * fraction III, and 59 of the Law gives Property I of the Pi n de by articles 6 * fractions til and 7 * bis 2 of the
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ustrial.
al, the present patent has a validity of twenty unprofitable years, I payment of the fee to keep the rights in force.
with melted
Federation 5 / 2009.06 / 01/21 regulations of 9/2007); articles 1, ustrial (DOF 12/27/1999,
Itades in the General Directors
WWilMWWIMW fJUBWRn «asnwigee. 12/26 / 1997,1 articles 1 °, 3 ° F. 14/12/1999, reí I and III and 30 of the Statute, 04/08/2004 and 13/09/20 linador, Divisional Directors, Title and of the 35/1999, iCCión V el) rganico '); 1st, 3rd of the opiate
Issue Date: February 8, 2016
DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS
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T
NAHANNY CANAL REYES
Arenal No. 550, Floor 1.
Col. Pueblo Santa Mana Tepepan Xochimilco. C P. 16020,
Mexico City
Tel s'55¡ 53 34 07 00 ww impi gob.mx
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MX / 2016/14978
INTELLIGENT COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR B ^ SpJQ · 'FUND
IN THE REAL-TIME CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ATENÜX ^ ÓÑipÉ;
INDUSTRY
COAXIAL CABLE SIGNALS USED AS A TRANSMISSION MEDIA.
INDUSTRIAL
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION.
Measurement of thermodynamic and geophysical parameters in
<td>bottom of wells, each</td><td>time</td><td>deeper</td><td>and hot</td><td>the</td>
<td>oil reserves</td><td>are</td><td>a factor</td><td>cardinal for</td><td>its</td>
<td>proper exploitation.</td><td>The</td><td>measurement of</td><td>these parameters</td><td>I know</td>
performed using tools specially designed to withstand the harsh environments of these applications. Some of the important parameters that these tools provide are temperature, pressure, flow and vibrations among others. The records of these parameters are useful for the characterization of the reserves, since these tools are in direct contact with their formation.
The depth of the wells progressively and at present, in some cases, is more than 7000m. As a consequence, it is possible to obtain high temperature and high pressure conditions at these depths. Temperatures can exceed 200 ° C and pressures 20,000 psi. Considering high pressure above 150 ° C and high temperature above 10,000 psi.
tankers increases
The measurement and recording of the characteristics of the oil reserves has promoted the design and implementation of measurement tools with specialized electronics and with innovative communication systems. The challenges of
ÍMPOP ^
Ihítttytc, - ·.
Communication systems, in these environments tfó ^ l, 3íéa., '' jasí ^ lead to very poor signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), including noise interference, cable attenuation and the thermal drift of passive electronic components, among others.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The state of practice is the technologies that use wired connections for communications and transmission of electrical energy. Different communication techniques have been described for example:
US 4107644 describes a system and method for digitally transmitting measurement information at the bottom of wells, the transmission of signals by cable is done in baseband (without modulation) by means of a synchronization system with phase coding. However, the intelligent communication system presented here does not have the electronic circuits or the method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system using a coaxial cable as a link means, frequency adjustment transmit and receive to maintain communication with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio and comparison with reference attenuation responses.
US Patent 4355310 describes a well-bottom data capture communications system that uses bi-directional communication with interconnection and universal addressing, which recognizes the instruction
<img file="MX337328B_D0009.tif" />
of control of devices based on said directioniKT®n2aQn :: ^ ín however, unlike the intelligent communication system presented here, this patent does not have the electronic circuits or the method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system using a coaxial cable as
<td>source of</td><td>link.</td><td>adjustment</td><td>of</td><td>frequencies of</td><td>transmission and</td>
<td>reception</td><td>for</td><td>keep</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">communication with the maximum</td>
<td>relationship</td><td colspan="2">signal to noise and</td><td>the</td><td>comparison with</td><td>responses</td>
reference attenuation.
US patent 4415895 describes a data transmission system, using bidirectional transmission-reception by means of PCM pulse coding modulation. However, this patent does not consider electronic circuits or the Method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communications system using a coaxial cable as a link, adjusting transmission and reception frequencies to maintain communication. with the maximum signal to noise ratio and comparison with reference attenuation responses.
US patent 583 8727 describes an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving digital data over a bandpass channel. It comprises a method and apparatus for transmission and reception combining amplitude modulation with QAM phase modulation. However, this patent does not consider electronic circuits or the method for real-time characterization of the attenuation response to
Μ ΐΛ Γκυπη, 'Λΰ of a bidirectional communication system using a coaxial' cable '^^ as the link medium, frerreteneiae adjustment ^ -d® ~~ - transmission and reception to maintain communication with maximum signal to noise ratio and comparison with reference attenuation responses.
US patent 2010/0052940 uses communication by switched power lines at frequencies above 400kHz, and the transmission of communication signals are sent at a low frequency which means that the switched power transmission does not interfere with communication. However, unlike the intelligent communication system presented here, this patent does not have the electronic circuits or the method for real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system using a coaxial cable as a means of link, adjust transmission and reception frequencies to maintain communication with maximum signal-to-noise ratio and comparison with reference attenuation responses.
The aforementioned patents do not contemplate adaptive bidirectional transmission-reception equipment for coaxial cable communication as a link medium, with a transmitter with automatic operation band adjustment based on the real-time frequency response of the communication link and the evaluation of the signal to noise ratio for data transmission, the use of adjustable coupling and filtering devices for the bands. * A -Λ- A. t transmission and reception, control module
INDUSTRIAL attenuation responses in transmission and reception to determine operating frequencies, “ΎΤϊΤΪ intelligent receiver with automatic operation band adjustment capability that best suits modulation techniques in data transmission and reception.
The referred patents also do not deal with a method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bidirectional communication system using a coaxial cable as a link medium, by generating test tone sweep signals or narrow pulse signals in the time domain with broad spectrum known to characterize bands of interest that cover the transmission and reception bands, the processing and measurement of the received signals, Comparison with reference responses, adjustment of transmission and reception frequencies to maintain communication with the maximum signal to noise ratio.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is an intelligent communication system in real time, for downhole based on the characterization of signal attenuation in a communication link whose characteristics are affected by variations in temperature in the communication medium, which It is made up of a coaxial cable as a link and electronic modules that perform the transmission and reception functions.
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\ ί · -? - '·. InstíT'jto
DK LA PRO / Ítí 'AL ·
The method for the real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a bi-reedonal system · · '· - · de. communications using a coaxial cable as a link, consisting of: in the measurement of the real-time frequency response of the communication link and the assessment of the signal to noise ratio for data transmission, the use of adjustable coupling and filtering devices for the transmission and reception bands, control module capable of measuring the attenuation responses in transmission and reception and determining the operating frequencies and an intelligent receiver with automatic adjustment capability of the operating band that best suits the modulation technique in data transmission and reception .
Also, it is an object of the present invention, the development of the method and the implementation of the electronic circuit for: Intelligent downhole communication in real time based on the characterization of signal attenuation caused by a single-conductor cable and electronic modules that perform the transmission and reception functions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a diagram of the complete system for measuring temperature and pressure in oil wells. Where 11 is a surface measurement module, 13 is a coaxial cable, 16 is a downhole measurement module, 17 is a tractor, 18 is a downhole, 12 is a spinning reel, 14 is a boom mechanical crane and 15 is the vertical entrance to the well.
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE <sup>OF</sup> »Α mv.EOA.-,
Figure 2 presents an approach to the 'medié i óñ system<sup>1</sup>--- T --- of temperature and pressure. Where 11 is a modXfa »-dp..m & d_-ion__ on the surface, 100 is a computer, 50 is an acquisition and control module, 40 is a surface PLC transmitter (communication by power line), 30 is a receiver Surface PLC, 20 is a high voltage power supply, 16 is a downhole measurement module, 66 is a census module, 90 is a control and processing module, 70 is a downhole transmitter, 60 is a downhole receiver, 80 is a downhole high voltage reducing source, 17 is a tractor unit.
Figure 3 presents the functional block diagram of the intelligent communication system. Where 11 is a surface measurement module, 16 is a downhole measurement module, 17 is a tractor, 13 is a coaxial cable, 20 is a high voltage power supply, 22 is a line, 80 is a downhole high voltage reducing source and 88 is a high voltage, high power downhole reducing source, 30 is a surface PLC receiver, 40 is a surface PLC transmitter, 50 is a acquisition and control module, 100 is a computer, 21, 31 and 41 are surface filter modules, 110 is a storage module, 90 is a control and processing module, 66 is a census module, 61, 71 and 81 are bottom filter modules Well, 60 is a downhole receiver, 70 is a downhole transmitter, and 125 is an RS-485 transceiver module.
Figure 4 shows the blocking trap frequency response. Where Fc A is the center frequency of the downhole surface transmission carrier signal and BW
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MEXICAN INSTITUTE / '¿' '' 'C & í,' '·
BL I .. '. WKEDv>
A is the bandwidth of that signal. The 'solid * line indicates the frequency response of the filter' at · 20 »€ · —ya ^ r -—— dotted line represents the frequency response of the filter at 200 ° C. The ordinate axis indicates the magnitude in decibels and the abscissa axis represents the frequency in Hertz.
Figure 5 shows the frequency response of band rejection filters in transmission and reception. Where Fe A is the center frequency of the downhole surface transmission carrier signal, BW A is the bandwidth of that downhole signal, Fe B is the center frequency of the downhole to surface transmission carrier signal ,
BW B is the bandwidth of that signal. The solid line indicates the frequency response of the filter at 20 ° C and the dotted line represents the frequency response of the filter at 200 ° C. The ordinate axis indicates the magnitude in decibels and the abscissa axis represents the frequency in Hertz.
Figure 6 shows the overexposure of frequency responses of coupling filters in transmission and reception, as well as the frequency response of a high-pass filter contained in the filter modules.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the intelligent communication method.
Figure 8 is an example of a test signal in the time domain.
Figure 9 is an example of signal response for testing in the frequency domain.
Figure 10 shows the downhole control and processing block. Where 90 is the control module and
-Μ Τ IF
Institute
? LA? UO¡ »I2Da £> C downhole processing, 340 is the downhole PLC digital receiver block, 330 is the h3z * gng digital downhole PLC transmitter, 350 is the downhole digital block downhole storage, 300 is the core digital downhole processing block, 320 is the downhole digital measurement block, and 310 is the UART transceiver digital block.
Figure 11 is a diagram of the PLC receiving digital block. Where 34 0 is the downhole PLC receiver digital block, 400 is an analog-to-digital converter, 410 is a digital filter block, 420 is a demodulator block, and 430 is a data link and message detection block.
Fig. 12 is a diagram of the PLC transmitter digital block. Where 330 is the downhole PLC transmitter digital block, 500 is a segmentation and message building block and 520 is a signal synthesizer block.
Figure 13 shows a diagram of the acquisition and control module. Where 50 is the acquisition and control module, 650 is a surface storage digital block, 640 is a surface PLC receiving digital block, 630 is a surface PLC transmitting digital block, 660 is a control digital block. Receiver filter for surface PLC, 600 is a central digital block for control and surface processing and 610 is a digital control block for surface power supply.
Figure 14 shows the surface digital receiver PLC block. Where 640 is the surface PLC receiving digital block, 700 is a surface digital to analog converter, 710 is a digital filter block, 720 is block
I
<img file="MX337328B_D0011.tif" />
INSTITUTE r iCAi'-r '?
INSTITUTO CANO surface demodulator and 73 0 is a block of enTá ^ éu: ^ © data and message detection.
Figure 15 shows the PLC transmitter digital block of the surface module. Where 630 is the digital surface transmitter PLC block, 800 is a surface segmentation and message building block and 820 is a surface signal synthesizer block.
Figure 16 PLC receiver block of the surface module. Where 900 is a surface adjustable bandpass filter block, 910 is a surface center frequency control block, 920 is a low noise surface amplifier and 930 is a surface signal conditioning block.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for real-time characterization of the attenuation response of a two-way communication system using a coaxial cable as the link medium is described below.
Figure 1 schematically presents the complete system for the measurement of temperature and pressure in oil wells, consisting of a surface measurement module 11 to house the measurement, control, power supply and communications equipment, which is connected and It communicates via a coaxial cable 13 with the downhole measurement module 16, which in turn connects with the tractor equipment 17 that goes down to the bottom of the well 18, coaxial cable 13 is gradually released by a spinning reel 12 and assisted by mechanical crane jib 14 to make hacer K, C ¡O ¡/ / ΐν ^ ίίχ'ΐ-Λ ^ jL x't'jj, jl j . '-;? <>,
C-fSTrrVTO MEXICANO transition of the horizontal exit of the reel Kaciia'íÍ ^ Lá. 'vertical entrance to well 15.
Figure 2 presents an approach to the temperature and pressure measurement system, and other physical parameters, in which it is observed that inside the surface measurement module 11 a computer 100, connected to a module, is indicated as outstanding elements. acquisition and control 50, to a surface PLC transmitter 0 (communication by power supply line), to a surface PLC receiver 30, which is connected to a high voltage power supply 20, where the PLC transmission modules 40 and surface PLC receiver 30 and the high voltage power supply 20 are connected to the coaxial cable 13 by means of a coupling unit, which in turn connects to the downhole measurement module 16, consisting of a census module 66, a control and processing module 90, a downhole transmitter 70 and a downhole receiver 60, the downhole measurement module 16 is connected and communicated to the tractor equipment 17 by means of an RS-485 125 transceiver module.
Figure 3 shows the functional block diagram of the intelligent communication system, which can be divided into the surface measurement module 11 and the downhole measurement module 16, where both modules 11 and 16 are
<td>interconnected by the</td><td>cable</td><td>coaxial</td><td> 13.</td><td>The</td><td>module</td><td>of</td>
<td>surface measurement</td><td>this</td><td>formed</td><td>by</td><td>a</td><td>source</td><td>of</td>
<td>line feed</td><td>22 what</td><td colspan="2">caters for</td><td colspan="2">power to</td><td>the</td>
<td>modules 30, 40, 50, and</td><td>100 what</td><td>they form</td><td>part</td><td>of the</td><td>module</td><td>of</td>
<td>surface measurement</td><td colspan="3">11, and a source of</td><td colspan="2">feeding</td><td>of</td>
high voltage 20 to provide the energy required in the downhole measurement module 16 in the <sup>c</sup> inúusthiaF í »<sup>1</sup> via coaxial cable 13 and feeds downhole high-voltage reducing source 80, which feeds power to modules 70, 60, 90, and 110, high-voltage power supply 20 also feeds a 88 high-power, high-voltage downhole reducer source to power tractor equipment 17. The operation of the intelligent communication system is formed by the surface PLC transmitter module 40 and the surface PLC receiver module 30 linked by coaxial cable 13 with the downhole receiver 60 and the downhole transmitter 70. The conditioning required to maintain signal levels both in transmission and reception is performed by surface filter modules 21, 31, 41 on the surface side and downhole filter modules 61, 71, and 81 on the side of the well, and its function is as follows: When surface PLC transmitter 40 sends a signal at frequency Ts, downhole receiver 60 should receive it with minimal attenuation, and surface PLC receiver 30 should receive minimal signal (maximum attenuation) so as not to interfere with the communication between downhole transmitter 70 surface 30.
and PLC receiver in power supply without
The conditioning sources have very low impedance for the communication signals, so it is required to insert blocking traps to guarantee low attenuation to the transmission and reception signals in both directions of the bidirectional communication link between the surface transmitter PLC 40 and downhole receiver 60 and between the
Γ · Π τ ί ί · * ί downhole transmitter 70 and PLC receiver
30, for this the filter modules 21 and 81 have high impedance at the communication frequencies.
Figure 4 shows an example of the frequency response of the filter modules 31, 41, 61 and 71, Figure 5 shows the response of the downhole filter modules 61 and 81. The shift of the frequency response shown in figure 4 is representative of the behavior of the frequency responses of the downhole filter modules 61 and 71, when they are subjected to different temperatures. Where the solid line represents the operation of the filter at room temperature with FcA as its center frequency and BWA as its bandwidth; On the other hand, the dotted line corresponds to the shift caused by thermal drift. Likewise, the shift of the frequency response shown in Figure 5 is representative of the behavior of the frequency responses of the surface filter module 21, when it is subject to different temperatures. In both cases, bleed occurs when the operating temperature changes in the range of 20 to 200 degrees Celsius. Tracking these changes, automatically, is part of the intelligent communication object of this patent.
Figure 6 illustrates the overlap of the frequency responses of the filter modules described in Figures 4 and 5 at the FcA transmit and FcB receive frequencies with bandwidths BWA and BWB respectively. The acquisition and control module 50 performs characterization procedures for modules 20, 3 0 and 40, defines the transmission power and frequency for the PLC transmitter
Msxic INSTITUTE · ”·> - '' z '_,, _, ... ÜE LA PROPJü6 \ í-) on surface 40 and defines the sensitivity for the <iree © ptoi \ PLC on surface 30, encodes the d © messages communicate and decide the central frequency of operation to be used, and it also controls the display and storage of information in computer 100. The control and processing module 90 performs characterization procedures for modules 60, 70, and 80, defines the transmission power and frequency for downhole transmitter 70, and defines sensitivity for downhole receiver 60, encodes the communication messages and in coordination with the acquisition and control module 50, adjusts the operating frequencies for transmission and reception, detects and scales the measurement signals of the recording module 66. Downhole control and processing module 90 controls the storage of information in storage module 110; likewise, the acquisition and control module 50, on the surface, controls the storage of information in computer 100. The communications scheme is based on sending commands in the form of messages from the surface measurement module 11, on the surface, to the downhole measurement module 16, which executes the instructions and sends a response message to the surface module 11. Command messages may contain requests to execute a set of functions that include requests for information related to the measurement of pressure and temperature variables, the execution of movement of the tractor equipment 17, modification of operating parameters and the synchronization of the characterization of the communications medium.
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The preferred method for real-time characterization ------ of the communication medium is presented with the aTagratria - flow of figure 7, the method starts by sending a message containing an instruction or command to characterize the medium communications module from surface module 11 to downhole measurement module 16, which prepares control and processing module 90 to capture the broad-spectrum test signal, which is sent by the surface measurement module 11. The test signal that travels through the entire communications medium from the surface measurement module 11 to the downhole measurement module 16, is acquired and stored for further processing by the control module and processing 90 of the downhole measurement module 16.
The surface measurement module 11 then stops the transmission of the wide spectrum test signal to give the downhole measurement module 16 the opportunity to capture the present floor noise signal, which is also stored for further processing. .
In the next step the surface measurement module 11 prepares its acquisition and control module 50 to capture the broad spectrum test signal that will be sent from the downhole measurement module 16. The downhole measurement module 16 sends the test signal which travels throughout the communications medium from the bottom of the well to the surface. The received signal is stored for further processing by the acquisition and control module 50. The downhole measurement module 16 then stops sending the broad spectrum test signal so that the surface measurement module fl<sup>1</sup> Capture \\ the background noise signal and also store it for further processing. '
In the next step, the surface measurement module 11 and the downhole measurement module 16 perform the processing of the captured signals in real time by their acquisition and control modules 50 and control and processing 90 respectively. The processing consists of obtaining the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the wide spectrum and floor noise test signals. Each one generates as a result a data vector that indicates the magnitude of the signals present as a function of their frequency. Both data vectors obtained by the control and processing module 90 of the downhole measurement module 16 are analyzed to find the reception frequency with the best signal to noise ratio, which is sent to the surface measurement module 11 in the form of a reply message.
The surface measurement module 11 performs the same procedure using the data vectors obtained by its acquisition and control module 50 to determine the transmission frequency with the best signal-to-noise ratio from the downhole measurement module 16 to the module. surface measurement 11.
As a next step, the surface measurement module 11 sends a message with a communication parameter reconfiguration command or command to the downhole measurement module 16. This message indicates to the bottom module what the new transmission frequencies are and welcome to use. Then the control module and
INSTITUTO MF.Xi-AXO DE Ι ./ \ rilOPIFÍ / AO industrí processing 90 of the downhole measurement module 16 re-assigns the values of the coefficients associated with digital filtering in figure 12. Additionally, values are assigned to the parameters of demodulation of figure 13 and modulation of figure 15 of the new frequencies indicated in the message of the surface measurement module
eleven. In carrying out this task, the downhole measurement module 16 sends a response message to the surface measurement module 11 confirming the change of parameters of the communication blocks of the figures
12, 13 and 15.
On the other hand, the surface measurement module 11, by means of its acquisition and control module 50, adjusts its digital filter blocks, its demodulator block and its modulator block with the new frequencies.
The preferred method for real-time characterization of the communication medium presented in Figure 7 is not limiting and can be considered as a complement to keeping a record of the adjustment of transmission and reception parameters as a function of frequency and temperature , in such a way that the start of operation of the communications system, can have as alternatives the start with parameters at room temperature, Last parameters used in the measurement or automatic adjustment according to the table of parameters stored in previous measurement or calibration runs.
The control and processing module 90, shown in FIG. 10, is composed of the downhole PLC digital receiver block 340, the downhole PLC transmitter digital block 33 0, the digital measurement block
<img file="MX337328B_D0012.tif" />
Μεχχλκο Institute
FROM downholeSÍJA »for downhole 320, the digital bottom storage block Hewto 350, the digital block t-.ransnmtnr UART 310 (universal asynchronous transceiver) and the central digital downhole processing block 3 00, all the blocks considered for downhole. The analog signal from downhole receiver 60 is presented to the input of the PLC receiver digital block, which is connected to the central digital processing block to process command messages from surface measurement module 11. The central downhole digital processing block 300 connects to the downhole digital measurement block 320 to capture the physical parameters of the census module 66, connects to the UART 310 digital transceiver block to transmit commands and receive responses from the equipment Tractor 17 using the RS-485 125 transceiver module. It is also connected to a digital downhole PLC transmitter block 330 to communicate the results to the surface module.
The downhole PLC 0 digital receiver block 34 of FIG. 11 is comprised of a digital analog converter 400, a digital filter block 410, a demodulator block 420, a data link and message detection block 430. The digital analog converter 400 receives the analog signal from the downhole receiver 60, the digital analog converter 400 converts the analog signal into a digital representation, which is the input to the digital filter block 410 that limits the band to the spectrum of receiving frequencies, the digital filter output is connected to a demodulator block 420, which retrieves the digital frame from the command messages, where
<img file="MX337328B_D0013.tif" />
digital is sent to the link block of<sup>!</sup>'<sup>! I</sup>dcitbs the detection frame to the block
300.
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core digital downhole processing
The downhole PLC transmitter digital block 330 of FIG. 12 is comprised of a segmentation and message builder block 500 and a signal synthesizer block 520. The message and segmentation builder block 500 receives the information from the downhole central processing digital block 300, encodes and segments the message, the segments of which are delivered to the signal synthesizer block 520, which delivers a modulated analog signal. the transmission band to the downhole transmitter 70.
The acquisition and control module 50, shown in Figure 13, is composed of the digital receiver block of the PLC in
<td>surface</td><td> 640,</td><td>the</td><td>block</td><td>digital</td><td>transmitter</td><td>PLC in</td>
<td>surface</td><td> 630,</td><td>the</td><td>block</td><td>digital</td><td colspan="2">storage in</td>
<td>surface</td><td> 650,</td><td>the</td><td>block</td><td>digital</td><td>of control of</td><td>filter</td>
<td>receiver of</td><td>PLC</td><td colspan="2">on the surface</td><td>660 and the</td><td>digital block</td><td>central</td>
control and surface processing 600. The analog signal from the surface PLC receiver 30 is presented to the input of the surface PLC receiving digital block 640, which is connected to the central control and surface processing digital block 600 to process Downhole measurement module response messages 16. The central digital surface control and processing block 600 connects to the digital surface storage block 650 to display and store the physical parameters measured by the measurement module in
<img file="MX337328B_D0014.tif" />
<img file="MX337328B_D0015.tif" />
INSTITUTO MEXtfANO ü £ LA FROPUE-AÜ HDUSl RíAL downhole 16. It is also connected to a 630 surface PLC digital transmitter block to send<sup>1</sup> Command messages to the downhole measurement module 16. The surface control and processing central digital block 600 is connected to the surface receiver digital filter control digital block 660 to adjust the frequency response of the surface-mounted PLC receiver 30 based on downhole measurement module transmission response 16.
The surface PLC digital receiver block 640 of FIG. 14 is comprised of a surface analog to digital converter 700, a surface digital filter block 710, a data link and surface message detection block 730. The surface digital analog converter 700 receives the analog signal, coming from the surface PLC receiver 30, where the ADC 700 converts the analog signal into a digital representation, which is the input to the surface digital filter block 710 that limits the band. to the reception frequency spectrum, the output of the surface digital filter block 710 is surface demodulator block 720, which retrieves the digital frame of the command messages, where the digital frame is transferred to the surface message detection and data link block 730 which sends the recovered information to the central digital surface control and processing block 600.
The digital surface PLC transmitter block 630 on the surface of FIG. 15 is composed of a surface segmentation and message building block 800, and a surface signal synthesizer block 820, based
<img file="MX337328B_D0016.tif" />
T TV. <Τ * τ Α
IF, <> 'on a DAC. The message builder block and<sup>1,1</sup> ^ egraerftacióíiys<sup>1</sup>* 'on the surface 800 receives the information from the central digital control and processing block 600, encodes and segments the message, the segments of which are delivered to the surface signal synthesizer block 820, which delivers an analog modulated signal in the band transmission to the surface 40 PLC transmitter module. 's ~~~' ------------- 'Λ Ί
The surface PLC receiver 30, illustrated in FIG. 16 is comprised of a surface adjustable bandpass filter block 900, a surface center frequency control block 910, a low noise surface amplifier 920 and a block surface signal conditioner 930. The surface adjustable bandpass filter block 900 receives the communication signal from the downhole measurement module 16, filters it in frequency according to the frequency setting from the surface center frequency control block 910, the which receives the frequency adjustment value from the acquisition and control module 50. The surface adjustable bandpass filter block 900 delivers the processed communications signal to the low noise surface amplifier 920, which amplifies the attenuated signal in amplitude to the levels required by the surface signal conditioning block 930, which scales the signals and couples the output impedance to deliver the communications signal to the 640 surface PLC digital receiver block.
Contents15
25 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23 Sheet 24 Sheet 25
9 members in 5 offices
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2012013691 | Mexico | A | |
| MX20120013691 | – | – | – |
Members9
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2012013691A | Mexico | A | |
| WO2014077664A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| CN105026686A | China | A | |
| US2015349918A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| MX337328BThis record | Mexico | B | |
| US9537606B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| CN105026686B | China | B | |
| BR112015011101A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| BR112015011101B1 | Brazil | B1 |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Grant or registrationFG | FG |
Numbers
- Publication
- 337328
- Publication, DOCDB
- 337328
- Publication, EPODOC
- MX337328
- Application
- 13691
- Application, DOCDB
- 2012013691
- Application, EPODOC
- MX20120013691
Titles2
- Spanish
- SISTEMA DE COMUNICACIÓN INTELIGENTE PARA FONDO DE POZO BASADO EN LA CARACTERIZACION EN TIEMPO REAL DE LA ATENUACION DE SEÑALES EN CABLE COAXIAL USADO COMO MEDIO DE TRANSMISION.
- English
- DOWN-HOLE INTELLIGENT COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE REAL-TIME CHARACTERISATION OF THE ATTENUATION OF SIGNALS IN A COAXIAL CABLE USED AS A TRANSMISSION MEDIUM.
Classification
- CPC, 10
- H04L1/0034
- E21B47/13
- H04B3/48
- H04B3/54
- H04L1/0003
- H04L1/206
- H04L1/243
- H04L1/248
- Y02D30/50
- H04B17/336