Protected substrate and method for protecting a substrate.

PROTECTED SUBSTRATE AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING A SUBSTRATE

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to protected substrates and methods of protecting a substrate.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED TECHNIQUE

Large substrates, such as large sheets of glass, are often damaged during transportation from the manufacturing plant to the customer site. This results in a substrate that is not suitable for installation, resulting in returns to the manufacturer and a delay to the construction project. One way to protect large substrates from damage is to overlap, or hold together using tape, two smaller protective sheets placed over the large substrates.

This solution includes certain drawbacks. For example, a small capillary tube may form at the junction of the two smaller protective sheets over which tape is applied. The small capillary tube attracts water which creates corrosion at the joint site, resulting in damage requiring returns and project delays. Therefore a protected substrate is desired that prevents damage to a large substrate during transportation, including corrosion damage induced at the junction of the overlapping protective sheets.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a protected substrate including: a flat substrate including a surface; and a temporary burn-off protective layer placed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer, or a combination thereof. The temporary protective layer that is removed by burning may be removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

The present invention also relates to a method of protecting a substrate including: providing a flat substrate including a surface and applying a crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 2 material for forming a temporary burn-off protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination of the same. The temporary protective layer that is removed by burning may be removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

The present invention also relates to a method of removing a burn-off temporary protective layer from a coated surface, including: providing a coated substrate that includes a surface on a portion of which the burn-off temporary protective layer is applied. burn-off, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof; and removing the temporary burn-off protective layer from the surface by burning the temporary burn-off protective layer to form an unprotected substrate. The temporary protective layer that is removed by burning may be removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

The present invention also relates to a protected substrate including: a flat substrate including a surface; a temporary protective layer placed over at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet positioned over at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet on a flap; wherein a gap is defined by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and a portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the temporary protective layer is positioned between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface.

The present invention also relates to a protected substrate including: a flat substrate including a surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over a first portion of the surface; a second temporary protective sheet

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- 3 placed on a second portion of the surface, where a third portion of the surface is not covered by the first temporary protective sheet and where the third portion of the surface is not covered by the second temporary protective sheet; and a temporary protective layer on at least the third portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer is positioned directly below the first and/or second protective layers and is positioned between the substrate and the first and/or second protective sheet. temporary.

The present invention also relates to a method of protecting a substrate including: providing a flat substrate including a surface; applying a material to form a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps a first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the temporary protective layer and on a third portion of the surface, wherein a flap is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and wherein a separation by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

The present invention also relates to a method for removing a temporary protective layer from a coated substrate including: providing a protected substrate including: a flat substrate including a surface; a temporary protective layer placed over at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet positioned over at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet on a flap; wherein a gap is defined by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and a portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the temporary protective layer is positioned between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface; removing the first temporary protective sheet and/or the temporary protective sheet due to peeling; and remove the temporary protective layer on the surface by burning, crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 4 vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling of the temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 shows a substrate protected according to a first non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 2 shows a substrate protected according to a second non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 3 shows a substrate protected according to a third non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 4 shows a substrate protected according to a fourth non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 5 shows a substrate protected according to a fifth non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 6 shows a substrate protected according to a sixth non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 7 shows a substrate protected according to a seventh non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 8 shows a substrate protected according to an eighth non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 9 shows a substrate protected according to a ninth non-limiting embodiment;

Figure 10 shows a substrate protected according to a tenth non-limiting embodiment; and Figure 11 shows a substrate protected according to an eleventh non-limiting embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

For purposes of the description below, the terms end, top, bottom, right, left, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, side, longitudinal and derivatives thereof will relate to the invention as oriented in the drawing figures. However, it will be understood that the crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 6 can be in direct contact with the first layer. Alternatively, one or more other layers may be placed between the first layer and the second layer.

The terms polymer or polymeric include oligomers, homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers, for example, polymers formed from two or more types of monomers or polymers. As used herein, the term resin is used interchangeably with the term polymer.

The term includes is synonymous with comprises.

With reference to Figures 1 to 11, the present invention relates to protected substrates and methods of protecting a substrate, as described herein.

Referring to Figure 1, a protected substrate 100 includes a substrate 112. The substrate 112 may be made of any suitable material and may be a substrate manufactured at a manufacturing facility and transported to a customer site, such that the substrate 112 is susceptible to damage during transportation. In some non-limiting examples, substrate 112 may include glass. For example, substrate 112 may comprise sodium-lime hydroxide glass, borosilicate glass, or leaded glass. In an exemplary non-limiting embodiment, the glass may include sodium-lime hydroxide glass. The glass may be transparent glass. The term transparent glass means untinted and uncolored glass. Alternatively, the glass may be tinted or otherwise colored glass. The glass can be annealed or heat treated glass. As used herein, the term heat-treated means tempered or at least partially tempered. The glass may be of any type such as conventional float glass and may be of any composition having optical properties (for example, any value of visible radiation transmittance, ultraviolet radiation transmittance, infrared radiation transmittance and/or solar energy transmittance). total). By float glass is meant glass formed by a conventional flotation process in which molten glass is deposited on a bath of molten metal and cooled in a controllable manner to form a float glass batten. In other non-limiting examples, substrate 112 may include metal or wood. For example, substrate 112 may comprise steel, copper, aluminum, or a combination thereof. The metal substrate can be a sheet or a bar. crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 7 substrate can be made of any material capable of being damaged (for example, scraped, corroded, etc.) during transport.

The substrate may be a coated substrate, which has a functional coating layer on the bare substrate, such as coated glass. As used herein, the term functional coating refers to a coating which imparts a functional benefit to the surface beyond the decoration of the surface. Non-limiting examples include coatings that impart an optical property, structural property, electrical property, hygienic property, thermal property and/or physicochemical property to the surface. Non-limiting examples of functional coatings include at least one of a low-emissivity (low-e) coating, a hydrophilic coating, a hydrophobic coating, an oleophilic coating, a low-friction coating, an antimicrobial coating, an anti-fingerprint coating. fingerprints, an anti-fog coating, a self-cleaning coating, an easy-to-clean coating, a transparent conductive coating and combinations thereof.

The functional coating layer may comprise a metallic layer comprising a metallic material such as gold, copper, silver, aluminum, palladium or a combination thereof. The functional coating layer can be applied to the substrate using magnetron electrodeposition vapor deposition (MSVD), such as an MSVD-coated glass. Non-limiting examples of suitable functional coatings and coated substrates are described in US 2017/0341977; US 2018/0118614; US 2019/0204480; US 7,335,421; US 8,865,325; US 9,932,267; and US 10,479,724; all of which are incorporated by reference herein, in their entirety.

In some non-limiting embodiments, the substrate 112 may be a large substrate, such that multiple protective sheets are required to protect the entire surface of the substrate 112 during transportation. In some examples, large substrates may have a length exceeding 2.5 m (100), such as at least 3.3 m (130), at least 4.1 m (160), at least 4.8 m (190), at least 5.6 m (220), or at least 6.4 m (250). In some examples, large substrates may crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 8 have a width exceeding 2.5 m (100), such as at least 3.3 m (130), at least 4.1 m (160), at least 4.8 m (190), at least 5.6 m (220 ) or at least 6.4 m (250). A non-limiting example of this flat substrate includes a sheet of glass.

In some non-limiting embodiments, substrate 112 may be a flat substrate, such as a flat sheet of glass. As used herein, a planar substrate refers to a planar substrate.

With continued reference to Figure 1, the protected substrate 100 further includes a temporary protective layer 114 positioned on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate 112. The temporary protective layer 114 may be formed of a composition that, when applied to the surface of the substrate 112 and solidifies, forming a layer on top of it, defined as the temporary protective layer 114. The temporary protective layer 114 may be placed on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate 112 and, in some non-limiting embodiments, is placed on at least the entire surface of the substrate 112. The temporary protective layer 114 may be placed on apply to at least a portion of one edge of the substrate 112.

The temporary protective layer 114 may include a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer, or a combination thereof. As used herein, a polyurethane layer is a layer that comprises urethane bonds and/or that is made of components that comprise a polyurethane. For example, the polyurethane layer may comprise urethane bonds. The temporary protective layer 114 may include an epoxy layer. As used herein, an epoxy layer is a layer that comprises an epoxide or is obtained from components that comprise an epoxide. For example, the epoxy layer may comprise epoxy groups.

The temporary protective layer 114 may include both a polyurethane layer and an epoxy layer. If both a polyurethane layer and an epoxy layer are present, the polyurethane layer and the epoxy layer may be formed together so that the temporary protective layer 114 comprises a layer comprising both a polyurethane and an epoxy. Alternatively, if both a polyurethane layer and an epoxy layer are present, the polyurethane layer and the epoxy layer can be formed as separate layers. For example, the polyurethane layer may be formed on the Ln/zznz/E/YiAi crcp

- 9 substrate and the epoxy layer can be formed on the polyurethane layer. As a further example, the epoxy layer may be formed on the substrate and the polyurethane layer may be formed on the epoxy layer.

The temporary protective layer 114 may be formed from a coating composition. The coating composition may comprise a polyurethane, an epoxy or a combination thereof.

The coating composition may comprise a polyurethane. Examples of polyurethanes include aqueous polyurethanes, polyurethanes formed from a two-component system, emulsions thereof, and combinations thereof. The polyurethane may comprise additional functional groups including ester linkages, ether linkages and hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols and the like. Hydrophilic functional groups may be incorporated into the polyurethane to assist in the formation of an emulsion. The polyurethane may be a polyurethane polymer. For example, the coating composition may comprise an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

Polyurethane can be obtained by reacting one or more hydroxyl-functional compounds with one or more isocyanate-functional compounds. Hydroxyl functional compounds may include diols and/or polyols having 3 or more hydroxyl functional groups. As used herein, a polyol refers to any compound that includes 2 or more hydroxyl groups. Isocyanate functional compounds may include compounds having 2 or more isocyanate functional groups, such as 3 or more isocyanate functional groups. Isocyanate functional compounds may comprise unblocked isocyanate, blocked isocyanates, partially blocked isocyanates or a combination thereof.

The polyurethane polymer may be formed from a mixture of reagents. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise an oily polyol. If an oily polyol is used in the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer, the polyurethane polymer can be considered an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 10 As used herein, an oily polyol refers to an oil comprising 2 or more hydroxyl groups. The oily polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer may be a reaction product of a mixture of reactants comprising at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid and at least one polyol.

For example, the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may comprise an oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid. Non-limiting examples of oils and/or unsaturated fatty acids that can be used to form the oily polyol include palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grape seed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, hemp seed oil, tung oil , cannon oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, seed oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, castile walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid and combinations thereof.

The unsaturated oil and/or fatty acid may have an iodine value of at least 70, or at least 80, or at least 90, or at least 100. The unsaturated oil and/or fatty acid may have an iodine value of at least 70, or at least 80, or at least 90, or at least 100. iodine value up to 250, or up to 225, or up to 210, or up to 200. The oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid may have an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, or in the range of 80 to 225, or in the range of 90 to 210, or in the range of 100 to 200. As used herein, iodine value is an analytical measurement of the degree of unsaturation of the oil or fat, and represents the number of grams of iodine taken up per 100 grams of the oil or fat and measured by titration.

The reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may include an oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount of at least 75% by weight, or at least 80% by weight, or at least 85% by weight, or at least 90% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol. The reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may include an oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount of up to 98% by weight, or up to 97% by weight, or up to 96% by weight, or up to 95% by weight. , based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of

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- 11 reagents used to form the oily polyol. The reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may include an oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount in the range of 75% by weight to 98% by weight, or in the range of 80% by weight to 97% by weight. weight, or in the range from 85% by weight to 96%, or in the range from 90% by weight to 95% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol.

The reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may comprise a polyol. The polyol used to form the oily polyol may be any polyol that can react with the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid present in the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol. Non-limiting examples of polyols that can be used to form the oily polyol include: cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3 -butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol and combinations thereof.

The polyol used to form the oily polyol may comprise at least one polyol. For example, the polyol used to form the oily polyol may comprise two or more different polyols, or three or more different polyols, or four or more different polyols. The additional polyols may be any of the polyols that may be used to form the oily polyol, as previously described.

The mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol includes the polyol in an amount of at least 1% by weight, or at least 2% by weight, or at least 3% by weight, or at least 5% by weight. weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol may include the polyol in an amount of up to 25% by weight, or up to 20% by weight, or up to 15% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, based on weight. of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol may include the polyol in an amount in the range of 1% by weight, up to 25% by weight, or in the range of 2% by weight to 20% by weight, or in the range from 3% by weight to 15% by weight, or in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used for crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 12 form the oily polyol.

The reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may optionally comprise a catalyst. The catalyst can be any compound that reduces the activation energy of the reaction between the unsaturated oil and the polyol. The catalyst may comprise a transesterification type catalyst. Non-limiting examples of catalysts that can be used in the reaction mixture used to form the oily polyol include 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, calcium naphthenate. zinc, barium naphthenate, iron naphthenate, lithium neodecanoate, and combinations thereof.

The reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol may include the optional catalyst in an amount of at least more than 0% by weight or at least 0.01% by weight based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used. to form the oily polyol. As used herein, greater than 0% by weight means that the compound may include any amount that is greater than 0% by weight and up to % by weight of an upper limit (if specified). The mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol may include the catalyst in an amount of up to 5% by weight or up to 3% by weight, or up to 2% by weight, or up to 1% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol may include the catalyst in an amount in the range of greater than 0% by weight to 5% by weight, or in the range of greater than 0% by weight to 3% by weight, or in the range of more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, or in the range of more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, or in the range of 0.01% by weight to 2% by weight, or in the range of 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol.

The reactants in the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol may be reacted simultaneously to form the oily polyol, or may be reacted in steps.

The oily polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups. For example, the oily polyol may comprise at least 2 hydroxyl groups, or at least 3 hydroxyl groups, or at least 4 hydroxyl groups, or at least 5 hydroxyl groups, or at least

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- 13 minus 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

In addition to the hydroxyl groups, the oily polyol may include additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in the oily polyol include ester linkages, ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols and the like.

For example, the oily polyol may comprise at least one ethylenically unsaturated group. As used herein, an ethylenically unsaturated group refers to a group comprising a carbon-carbon double bond. The at least one ethylenically unsaturated group may be attached to the oily polyol. The oily polyol may comprise at least one ethylenically unsaturated group or at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups or at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

In a non-limiting embodiment, the oily polyol does not comprise additional functional groups other than the hydroxyl groups and one or more of the ethylenically unsaturated groups.

The oily polyol may have a hydroxyl value of at least 70 KOH/mg or at least 80 KOH/mg, or at least 90 KOH/mg, or at least 100 KOH/mg. The oily polyol may have a hydroxyl value of up to 250 KOH/mg or up to 200 KOH/mg, or up to 180 KOH/mg, or up to 150 KOH/mg. The oily polyol may have a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, or 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, or 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, or 100 KOH /mg to 150 KOH/mg.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the oily polyol in an amount of at least 30% by weight, or at least 35% by weight, or at least 40% by weight, or at least 45% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the oily polyol in an amount of up to 65% by weight or up to 60% by weight, or up to 55% by weight or up to 50% by weight, based on weight. of total solids of the reagent mixture used crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 14 to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the oily polyol in an amount in the range of 30% by weight to 65% by weight, or in the range of 35% by weight to 60% by weight, or in the range of 40% by weight to 55% by weight, or in the range of 45% by weight to 50% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include at least one polyol in addition to and different from the oily polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer may include at least one polyol, or at least two polyols, or at least three polyols, or at least four polyols, in addition to and different from the oily polyol. For example, the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, an acid-functional polyol, or a combination thereof, which is different from the oily polyol.

The reagent mixture used to form a polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol. As used herein, a polyester polyol refers to any compound comprising two or more hydroxyl groups and at least one ester linkage. Non-limiting examples of polyester polyols that can be used in the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer include compounds comprising at least 2 hydroxyl groups and at least one ester bond. The polyester polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer may be a reaction product of a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol and one polyacid. As used herein, a polyacid refers to any compound that includes 2 or more carboxylic acid groups.

For example, the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise a polyol. The polyol used to form the polyester polyol may comprise any polyol that can be used to form a polyester. Non-limiting examples of polyols that can be used to form the polyester polyol include dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, crcp Ln/ zznz/E/YiAi

- 15 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

The polyol used to form the polyester polyol may comprise at least one polyol. For example, the polyol used to form the polyester polyol may comprise two or more different polyols, or three or more different polyols, or four or more different polyols. The additional polyols may be any of the polyols that may be used to form the polyester polyol as previously described.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol may include the polyol in an amount of at least 50% by weight, or at least 55% by weight, or at least 60% by weight, or at least 65% by weight. % by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol may include the polyol in an amount of up to 80% by weight, or up to 78% by weight, or up to 75% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture. of reagents used to form the polyester polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol may include the polyol in an amount in the range of 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range of 55% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range of 60% by weight to 78% by weight, or in the range of 65% by weight to 75% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise at least one polyacid. The polyacid used to form the polyester polyol may comprise any polyacid that can be used to form a polyester. Non-limiting examples of polyacids that can be used to form the polyester polyol include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, italic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, italic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride and combinations thereof.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol may include the polyacid in an amount of at least 20% by weight, or at least 23% by weight, or at least 25% by weight based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol. The mixture of reagents used to form the polyol

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- 16 polyester may include the polyacid in an amount of up to 50% by weight, or up to 45% by weight, or up to 40% by weight, or up to 35% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol. The reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol may include the polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% by weight to 50% by weight, or in the range of 20% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range of 23% by weight to 40% by weight, or in the range of 25% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

The polyester polyol may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic. In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol is aliphatic. The polyester polyol may comprise a carbon chain. For example, the polyester polyol may comprise a carbon chain of at least 2 carbons, or a carbon chain of at least 5 carbons, or a carbon chain of at least 8 carbons, or a carbon chain of at least 10 carbons. The polyester polyol may comprise up to a carbon chain of up to 25 carbons, or a carbon chain of up to 20 carbons, or a carbon chain of up to 18 carbons, or a carbon chain of up to 14 carbons. The polyester polyol may comprise a carbon chain of 2 to 25 carbons or a carbon chain of 5 to 20 carbons or a carbon chain of 8 to 18 carbons or a carbon chain of 10 to 14 carbons.

The polyester polyol comprises at least one ester linkage. For example, the polyester polyol may comprise at least one ester bond, or at least two ester bonds, or at least three ester bonds, or at least four ester bonds, or at least five ester bonds.

The polyester polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups. For example, the polyester polyol may comprise at least two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least 5 hydroxyl groups, or at least 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

In addition to hydroxyl groups, the polyester polyol may include additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that

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- 17 may be present in the polyester polyol include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols and the like.

In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol does not comprise additional functional groups other than hydroxyl groups and one or more ester linkages.

The polyester polyol may have a hydroxyl value of at least 70 KOH/mg or at least 80 KOH/mg, or at least 90 KOH/mg, or at least 100 KOH/mg. The polyester polyol may have a hydroxyl value of up to 250 KOH/mg or up to 200 KOH/mg, or up to 180 KOH/mg, or up to 150 KOH/mg. The polyester polyol may have a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, or in the range of 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, or in the range of 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, or in the range of 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol in an amount of at least more than 0% by weight, or at least 1% by weight, or at least 3% by weight, or at least 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol in an amount of up to 20% by weight, or up to 15% by weight, or up to 12% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, based on in the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the polyester polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, or in the range of from 1% by weight to 15% by weight. , or in the range of 3% by weight to 12% by weight, or in the range of 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polymer of polyurethane.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol. As used herein, a polyether polyol refers to any compound comprising two or more hydroxyl groups and at least one ether linkage. The polyester polyol may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic. In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol is aliphatic. The polyether polyol that can be used in the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer includes compounds that crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 18 comprise at least 2 hydroxyl groups and at least one ether bond. The polyether polyol may comprise a polyether polyol based on ethylene or propylene. Non-limiting examples of polyether polyols include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol and combinations thereof.

The polyether polyol comprises at least one ether linkage. For example, the polyether polyol may comprise at least two ether bonds, or at least three ether bonds, or at least four ether bonds, or at least 5 ether bonds.

The polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups. For example, the polyether polyol may comprise at least two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least 5 hydroxyl groups, or at least 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

In addition to the hydroxyl groups, the polyether polyol may include additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in the polyether polyol include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols and the like.

In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol may not comprise additional functional groups other than hydroxyl groups and one or more ether linkages.

The polyether polyol may have a hydroxyl value of at least 70 KOH/mg, or at least 80 KOH/mg, or at least 90 KOH/mg, or at least 100 KOH/mg. The polyether polyol may have a hydroxyl value of up to 250 KOH/mg or up to 200 KOH/mg, or up to 180 KOH/mg, or up to 150 KOH/mg. The polyether polyol may have a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, or in the range of 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, or in the range of 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, or in the range of 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol in an amount of at least more than 0% by weight, or at least 0.1% by weight, or at least 0.5% by weight, or at least 1% by weight, based on crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 19 the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol in an amount of up to 15% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, or up to 8% by weight, or up to 5% by weight, based on in the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the polyether polyol in an amount in the range of more than 0% by weight to 15% by weight, or in the range of 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight. , or in the range of 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight, or in the range of 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the polymer of polyurethane.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol. As used herein, an acid-functional polyol refers to any compound comprising two or more hydroxyl groups and at least one ether linkage. The acid-functional polyol may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic. In a non-limiting embodiment, the acid-functional polyol is aliphatic. The acid-functional polyol may be used in the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer which includes compounds comprising at least 2 hydroxyl groups and at least one carboxyl group. Non-limiting examples of acid-functional polyols include 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxylbutanedioic acid, and combinations. thereof.

The acid-functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group. For example, the acid-functional polyol may comprise at least one carboxylic acid group, or at least two carboxylic acid groups, or at least three carboxylic acid groups, or at least four carboxylic acid groups, or at least 5 carboxylic acid groups. In a non-limiting embodiment, the acid-functional polyol comprises a carboxylic acid group.

The acid-functional polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups. For example, the acid-functional polyol may comprise at least

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- 20 two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least 5 hydroxyl groups, or at least 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

In addition to the hydroxyl groups, the acid-functional polyol may include additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in the acid-functional polyol include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols and the like.

In non-limiting embodiments, the acid-functional polyol may not comprise additional functional groups other than the hydroxyl groups and one or more of the carboxylic acid groups.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol in an amount of at least more than 0% by weight, or at least 1% by weight, or at least 3% by weight, or at least 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol in an amount of up to 20% by weight, or up to 15% by weight, or up to 12% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, with based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, or in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight. weight, or in the range of 3% by weight to 12% by weight, or in the range of 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the polymer of polyurethane.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyisocyanate. As used herein, a polyisocyanate refers to a compound containing 2 or more isocyanate functional groups. The polyisocyanate can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic. In a non-limiting example, the polyisocyanate may comprise an aliphatic polyisocyanate. In another non-limiting example, the polyisocyanate crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 21 may comprise a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate. In another non-limiting example, the polyisocyanate may comprise an aromatic polyisocyanate. Non-limiting examples of polyisocyanates include metaphenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene diphenylisocyanate , 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethyl diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate ,4-cyclohexylene, 4,4-methylbis(isocyanatocyclohexane), l-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5trimethylcyclohexane and combinations thereof.

The polyisocyanate can be blocked or unblocked. As used herein, a blocked polyisocyanate refers to a compound with isocyanate functional groups that are blocked by blocking agents which prevent the isocyanate functionality from reacting until the blocking agent is removed. Non-limiting examples of blocking agents include amides, phenols, caprolactams, uretdiones and the like. If the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate, the polyisocyanate can be unblocked by heating the blocked polyisocyanate to a temperature of at least 100°C, or at least 150°C, or at least 200°C. When the blocked polyisocyanate is unblocked, the polyisocyanate may then be available to react with the other components present in the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

The polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups. For example, the polyisocyanate may comprise at least three isocyanate functional groups, or at least four isocyanate groups, or at least 5 isocyanate groups.

In addition to the isocyanate functional groups, the polyisocyanate may include additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in the polyisocyanate include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols and the like.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyisocyanate does not comprise groups

- 22 additional functional groups in addition to the isocyanate functional groups.

The polyisocyanate may have an isocyanate equivalent weight of at least 80 g/eq, or at least 90 g/eq, or at least 100 g/eq or at least 110 g/eq. The polyisocyanate may have an isocyanate equivalent weight of up to 225 g/eq, or up to 200 g/eq, or up to 190 g/eq, or up to 175 g/eq. The polyisocyanate may have an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g/eq to 225 g/eq, or in the range of 90 g/eq to 200 g/eq, or in the range of 100 g/eq to 190 g. /eq, or in the range of 110 g/eq to 175 g/eq.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyisocyanate in an amount of at least 15% by weight, or at least 20% by weight, or at least 25% by weight, or at least 30% by weight. % by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyisocyanate in an amount of up to 55% by weight, or up to 50% by weight, or up to 45% by weight, or up to 40% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 55% by weight, or in the range of 20% by weight to 50% by weight, or in the range from 25% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range from 30% to 40% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

The reactants in the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer may be reacted simultaneously to form the polyurethane polymer, or may be reacted in steps.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the polyester polyol and the polyether polyol in a specific ratio. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol in the range of 10:1 to 1:1, or in the range of 8:1 to 2:1, or in the range of 7:1 to 3:1, or in the range of 6:1 to 4:1. For example, the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer can

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- 23 comprise a ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol of approximately 5:1.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the polyester polyol and the acid-functional polyol in a specific proportion. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a ratio of polyester polyol to acid-functional polyol in the range of 2:1 to 1:2, or in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, or in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, or in the range from 1.4:1 to 1.2:1. For example, the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer may have a ratio of polyester polyol to acid-functional polyol of about 1:0.75.

The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include the oily polyol and the polyisocyanate in a specific proportion. The reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a ratio of oily polyol to polyisocyanate in the range of 2:1 to 1:1.25 or in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1, or in the range of 1.5:1 to 1:1, or in the range from 1.3:1 to 1.2:1. For example, the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a ratio of oily polyol to polyisocyanate of about 1:0.8.

The polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane bond. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one urethane bond, or at least two urethane bonds, or at least three urethane bonds, or at least 5 urethane bonds, or at least 10 urethane bonds, or at least 10 urethane bonds. least 20 urethane bonds.

In addition to the urethane linkages, the polyurethane polymer may comprise additional linkages. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise ester linkages, ether linkages, urea linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups and combinations thereof.

The polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one ester linkage. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one ester bond, or at least two ester bonds, or at least three ester bonds, or at least 5 ester bonds.

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- 24 The polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one ether linkage. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one ether linkage, or at least two ether linkages, or at least three ether linkages, or at least 5 ether linkages.

The polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one urea linkage. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one urea linkage, or at least two urea linkages, or at least three urea linkages, or at least 5 urea linkages.

The polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one ethylenically unsaturated group. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one ethylenically unsaturated, or at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups. One or more of the ethylenically unsaturated groups may be provided in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer, pendants from the polyurethane polymer and/or terminals from the polyurethane polymer. For example, ethylenically unsaturated groups may be provided in the polyurethane polymer backbone such that they form one or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds within the polyurethane polymer backbone. One or more of the ethylenically unsaturated groups may also be provided within a pendant carbon chain and/or terminal carbon chain of the polyurethane polymer, for example by forming one or more ethylenically unsaturated bonds within a pendant carbon chain and/or or terminal carbon chain of the polyurethane polymer. One or more of the ethylenically unsaturated groups may also be pendant from and/or terminal to the polyurethane polymer, for example by providing one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups at the end of the pendant carbon chain and/or at the end of a terminal carbon chain attached to the polyurethane polymer so that it can easily react with other components present.

The ethylenically unsaturated group may be pendant from and/or terminal to the polyurethane polymer and provided on at least one 5-carbon carbon chain, or at least one 8-carbon carbon chain, or at least one 8-carbon carbon chain.

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- 25 minus a 10-carbon carbon chain. The ethylenically unsaturated group may be pendant from and/or terminal to the polyurethane polymer and is provided with up to a 30-carbon carbon chain or up to a 25-carbon carbon chain or up to a 20-carbon carbon chain. The ethylenically unsaturated group may be pendant to and/or terminal from the polyurethane polymer and may be provided on a carbon chain of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, or on a carbon chain of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, or on a carbon chain of 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

The ethylenically unsaturated groups can provide the polyurethane polymer with specific properties, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is located. For example, an ethylenically unsaturated group may be provided as a pendant group from the polyurethane backbone, wherein the pendant group comprising the ethylenically unsaturated group is more hydrophobic compared to the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of an ethylenically unsaturated group. ethylenically unsaturated. The ethylenically unsaturated group may be provided as the terminal group from the polyurethane backbone, wherein the terminal group comprising the ethylenically unsaturated group is more hydrophobic compared to the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the ethylenically unsaturated group. The ethylenically unsaturated group may be reactive with air, or oxygen in air, to provide an oxidative cure.

The polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one carboxylic acid group. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least one carboxylic acid group, or at least two carboxylic acid groups, or at least three carboxylic acid groups, or at least 5 carboxylic acid groups. One or more of the carboxylic acid groups may be attached to the polyurethane polymer, so that they can easily react with other components present. One or more of the carboxylic acid groups may be terminal from the polyurethane polymer, so that they can readily react with the other components present.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

The carboxylic acid group may be pendant and/or terminal from the

- 26 polyurethane polymer and can be provided on at least one carbon chain of 2 carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid group may be pendant from and/or terminal to the polyurethane polymer and may be provided with up to one carbon chain of 10 carbon atoms, or with up to one carbon chain of 8 carbon atoms, or with up to a carbon chain of 5 carbon atoms, or with up to a carbon chain of 3 carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid group may be pendant from and/or terminal to the polyurethane polymer and may be provided on a carbon chain of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a carbon chain of 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a carbon chain of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon chain of 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

The carboxylic acid groups can provide the polyurethane polymer with specific properties where one or more of the carboxylic acid groups are located. For example, a carboxylic acid group may be provided as a pendant group from the polyurethane backbone, wherein the pendant group comprising the carboxylic acid group is more hydrophilic compared to the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the carboxylic acid group. The carboxylic acid group may be provided as a terminal group from the polyurethane backbone, wherein the terminal group comprising the carboxylic acid group is more hydrophilic compared to the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the acid group. carboxylic. The carboxylic acid group can provide the polyurethane polymer with stability in solution (i.e., in water) and can also provide a reactive site for a cross-linker that may be present in the composition.

The polyurethane polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of at least 5,000 g/mol, or at least 10,000 g/mol, or at least 15,000 g/mol or at least 20,000 g/mol. The polyurethane polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of up to 60,000 g/mol or up to 50,000 g/mol, or up to 45,000 g/mol or up to 40,000 g/mol. The polyurethane polymer may have a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g/mol to 60,000 g/mol, or in the range of 10,000 g/mol to 50,000 g/mol, or in the range of 15,000 g/mol. at 45,000 g/mol, or in the range of crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 27 20,000 g/mol at 40,000 g/mol. Weight average molecular weight is measured herein using gas permeation chromatography with a Waters Alliance 2690 apparatus and a dimethylformamide solvent.

The polyurethane polymer may have a glass transition temperature of at least -30°C, or at least -20°C, or at least -10°C. The polyurethane polymer can have a glass transition temperature of up to 20°C, or up to 10°C, or up to 0°C. The polyurethane polymer may have a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, or in the range of -20°C to 10°C, or in the range of -10°C to 0°C. c. The glass transition temperature is measured using differential scanning calorimetry, in accordance with ASTM D7426.

The polyurethane polymer may have a viscosity of at least 15 cps, or at least 20 cps, or by 25 cps. The polyurethane polymer can have a viscosity of up to 225 cps, or up to 200 cps, or up to 175 cps. The polyurethane polymer may have a viscosity in the range from 15 cps to 225 cps, or in the range from 20 cps to 200 cps, or in the range from 25 cps to 175 cps. Unless otherwise stated, viscosity measurements are measured using a Brookfield viscometer and LV1 spindle at 25°C.

The polyurethane polymer may have an acid value of at least more than 0 KOH/mg, or at least 1 KOH/mg, or at least 3 KOH/mg, or at least 5 KOH/mg. The polyurethane polymer may have an acid value of up to 45 KOH/mg, or up to 40 KOH/mg, or up to 35 KOH/mg, or up to 30 KOH/mg. The polyurethane polymer may have an acid value in the range of more than 0 KOH/mg to 45 KOH/mg, or in the range of 1 KOH/mg to 40 KOH/mg, or in the range of 3 KOH/mg. up to 35 KOH/mg, or in the range from 5 KOH/mg to 30 KOH/mg.

The polyurethane polymer may have a certain number of hydrocarbon chains contained in the polyurethane polymer backbone, depending on the monomers and amounts of monomers used. For example, the polyurethane polymer may comprise at least 3, or at least 4, or at least 5, or at least 6, or at least 7, or at least 8 different hydrocarbon chains in the structure. main polyurethane polymer.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 28 The longest of the hydrocarbon chains contained in the main structure of the polyurethane polymer may be a structural unit derived from the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid used to form the oily polyol. For example, the longest hydrocarbon chain contained in the polyurethane polymer backbone may comprise a hydrocarbon chain of 5 carbon atoms or greater, or one of 8 carbon atoms or greater, or one of 10 carbon atoms or greater. larger, or one of 15 carbon atoms or larger or one of 20 carbon atoms or larger.

The polyurethane polymer may be a copolymer. The polyurethane copolymer may have a specific structure. For example, the polyurethane copolymer may have an alternating, block or random structure. In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyurethane polymer may comprise a random structure.

The polyurethane polymer may be formed by step-growth polymerization. As used herein, step growth polymerization refers to a type of polymerization where bifunctional or multifunctional monomers react to form dimers, and then trimers, and subsequently long chain polymers. In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyurethane polymer may be formed by condensation polymerization. As used herein, condensation polymerization is a form of step-growth polymerization that produces a small molecule byproduct when reactant molecules come together by linking.

The polyurethane polymer can be used to form a polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise the polyurethane polymer in an amount of at least 15% by weight, or at least 20% by weight, or at least 25% by weight, or at least 30% by weight, with based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise the polyurethane polymer in an amount of up to 50% by weight, or up to 45% by weight, or up to 40% by weight, or up to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion. of polyurethane. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 50% by weight, or in the range of 25% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range of 30% by weight. weight to 40% by weight, or in the range of 30% by weight to 35% by crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 29 weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

The polyurethane dispersion may include a neutralizing amine that at least partially neutralizes the polyurethane polymer. Non-limiting examples of neutralizing amines include ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine or a combination thereof.

The polyurethane dispersion may include a neutralizing amine in an amount of at least more than 0% by weight, or at least 0.1% by weight, or at least 0.5% by weight, or at least 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may include a neutralizing amine in an amount of up to 10% by weight, or up to 8% by weight, or up to 5% by weight, or up to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion of polyurethane. The polyurethane dispersion may include a neutralizing amine in an amount in the range of greater than 0% by weight to 10% by weight, or in the range from 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, or in the range from 0.5%. by weight up to 5% by weight, or in the range from 1% by weight to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

The polyurethane dispersion may include a chain extender. For example, the polyurethane dispersion may include an amine-functional chain extender. The amine chain extender may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic. In a non-limiting embodiment, the amine chain extender may be aliphatic. Non-limiting examples of amine-functional chain extenders include 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino2-yl)cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4 ,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, l,3-diamino-2,2dimethylpropane , isophorone diamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and combinations thereof. Alternatively, the polyurethane dispersion may not include a chain extender, such as an amine chain extender.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

The amine chain extender may comprise an amine value of at least

- 30 less 1,000 KOH/mg, or at least 1,100 KOH/mg, or at least 1,200 KOH/mg, or at least 1,300 KOH/mg. The amine chain extender may comprise an amine value of up to 2,500 KOH/mg or up to 2,300 KOH/mg, or up to 2,100 KOH/mg, or up to 1,900 KOH/mg. The amine chain extender may comprise an amine value in the range from 1,000 KOH/mg to 2,500 KOH/mg, or in the range from 1,100 KOH/mg to 2,300 KOH/mg, or in the range from 1,200 KOH/mg to 2,100 KOH/mg, or in the range from 1,300 KOH/mg to 1,900 KOH/mg.

The amine chain extender may comprise at least two amine groups. For example, the amine chain extender may comprise at least two amine groups, or at least three amine groups, or at least four amine groups, or at least 5 amine groups.

The amine chain extender may comprise up to 10 amine groups, or up to 8 amine groups, or up to 6 amine groups. For example, the amine chain extender may comprise 2 amine groups up to 6 amine groups.

The polyurethane dispersion may include an amine-functional chain extender in an amount of at least greater than 0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may include an amine-functional chain extender in an amount of up to 5% by weight, or up to 3% by weight, or up to 2% by weight, or up to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may include an amine-functional chain extender in an amount ranging from greater than 0% by weight to 5% by weight, or in the range from greater than 0% by weight to 3% by weight, or in the range from more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, or in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

The amine chain extender can react in steps to extend the polyurethane polymer chain of the polyurethane dispersion.

The polyurethane dispersion may comprise water. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise water in an amount of at least 50% by weight, or at least 53% by weight, or at least 55% by weight, or at least 60% by weight, based on weight. total polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion can

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- 31 comprise water in an amount of up to 80% by weight, or up to 75% by weight, or up to 70% by weight, or up to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise water in an amount in the range of 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range of 53% by weight to 75% by weight, or in the range of 55% by weight to 70% by weight. % by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

The polyurethane polymer/polyurethane dispersion can be formed according to a specific method. For example, the components used to form the oily polyol may be reacted simultaneously first, followed by reaction of the components used to form the polyurethane polymer simultaneously, and then finally stepwise chain extension of the polyurethane polymer in an aqueous medium.

As previously described, the coating composition may comprise an epoxy. Examples of epoxides include epoxy-functional polymeric materials, which are also known as polyepoxides and which comprise two or more epoxy functional groups. The epoxy can be an emulsion. The epoxide may comprise one or more additional functional groups (e.g., carboxylic acid and/or hydroxyl-functional groups) and may be reactive by themselves or as a self-crosslinking compound to form the reaction product. Alternatively, the epoxide can be reacted with a second compound such as a carboxylic acid and/or a hydroxyl-functional compound to form the reaction product. The epoxy layer may also comprise epoxy functional groups when there is an excess of epoxy functional groups in the reactants. Alternatively, the epoxy functional groups may all react during the reaction to form the reaction product such that no epoxy functional groups are present in the epoxide layer.

The coating composition may further include additional components such as, for example, a wax, an organic oil (for example, tung oil), a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, an emulsion thereof or some combination of Ln/zznz/E/YiAi crcp

- 32 same. For example, the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may further comprise polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or some combination thereof. themselves. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax or some combination thereof. Examples of wax emulsions include those available from Michelman, Inc. (Cincinnati, OH) (e.g. MGRD 1350, ML160, ME62330, Aqua240 PH90602L, ME48040M2) or BYK-Chemie GmbH (Wesel, Germany) (e.g. AQUACER 526 , AQUACER 541, AQUACER 1031, AQUACER 8500). The wax emulsion may be a paraffin/polyethylene emulsion, an anionic polyamide emulsion, an anionic carnauba wax emulsion, an amine-dispersed carnauba wax emulsion, an ethylene-acrylic acid emulsion, a non-ionic microcrystalline emulsion. or some combination thereof. In some non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 114 may include an alkane, an ester or a carboxylic acid and have at least 40% by weight carbon, based on the total weight of the temporary protective layer, such as at least 50% by weight, at least 60% by weight, at least 70% by weight, at least 80% by weight or at least 90% by weight.

The temporary protective layer 114 may include a material that when included in the coating composition and applied to a substrate and solidified to form the protective layer 114, the layer has a water contact angle (WCA) (when in contact with water) of at least 60°, such as at least 70° or at least 80°. The temporary protective layer 114 may include a hydrophobic material. A hydrophobic material is defined herein as a material that, when included in a composition and applied to a substrate and solidified to form a layer, the layer has a WCA (on contact with water) of at least 90°. , such as at least 100°, at least 110°, at least 120°, at least 130°, at least 140° or at least 150°.

The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 can be dispersed in an aqueous medium. As used herein, an aqueous medium refers to a liquid medium comprising more than 50% by weight of water,

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- 33 based on the total weight of the liquid medium. For example, the coating composition may be dispersed in a liquid medium that is constituted by more than 50% by weight of water, or at least 55% by weight of water, or at least 60% by weight of water or by at least 65% by weight of water, or at least 70% by weight of water, or at least 75% by weight of water, based on the total liquid weight of the medium. The coating composition may be dispersed in a liquid medium comprising water in an amount of from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 50% by weight to 75% by weight, or in the range from 50%. by weight up to 70% by weight, or in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 70% by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium. Thus, the liquid medium may comprise less than 50% by weight of a solvent, based on the total weight of the liquid medium. The coating composition may be dispersed in a liquid medium comprising a solvent in an amount from more than 0% by weight to 50% by weight, or in the range from 0.5% by weight to 25% by weight, or in the range from 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, or in the range from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, or in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium .

The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be free of a solvent, such as volatile organic compounds (VOC).

Non-limiting examples of solvents that can be used in the coating composition include glycols, alcohols, glycol ether alcohols, volatile ketones, glycol dieters, esters, amines, diesters, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, pyrrolidones such as n-methylpyrrolidone and combinations thereof.

The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a one-component coating composition. As used herein, the terms one component or 1K refers to a coating composition wherein all of the coating components are combined and stored in a single container. Alternatively, the

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- 34 coating composition may comprise a two-component coating composition. As used herein, the terms two-component or 2K refer to a coating composition where the components are stored separately and, when mixed together, react to cross-link and form a cross-linked material. For example, a polyurethane and/or an epoxy may be contained within a first container and a cross-linker may be contained within a second container. The temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a thermosetting resin system of any of the previously mentioned materials of the temporary protective layer 114. As used herein, a thermosetting resin system is a network of at least one cross-linked material that forms A layer.

The coating composition may comprise optional additional components. Non-limiting examples of additional components include plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared (IR) radiation absorbing substances, adhesion modifiers, UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, surfactants and hydrophobic agents.

Non-limiting examples of plasticizers suitable for use in the coating composition of the temporary protective layer 114 include oils such as cottonseed oil, epoxylated soybean oil and canola oil, waxes such as carnauba wax, paraffin and microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. Plasticizers are included in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 to assist in the removal of the temporary protective layer 114 by abrasion wheels, especially when the temporary protective layer 114 is a thermoset resin system. A plasticizer may be included in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight, or 4 to 40% by weight, or 10 to 30% by weight, based on the components totals of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114.

Examples of suitable viscosity modifiers include RHEOBYK-425, RHEOBYK-T 1000VF, RHEOBYK-L 1400 VF and RHEOBYK-H 3300 VF commercially available from BYK and H1335 and HY124 commercially available from crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 35 Spectrum. A viscosity modifier may be included in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount in the range of 0.05 to 20% by weight, or 0.1 to 15% by weight, or 0.1 to 10% by weight with based on the total components of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114.

Examples of suitable hydrophobic agents include waxes, oils and fatty acids. A hydrophobic agent may be included in the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount in the range of 0.5 to 70% by weight, or 65% by weight, or 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition to form the temporary protective layer 114.

Examples of cross-linkers suitable for use in the coating composition of the temporary protective layer 114 of the composition include polyaziridines, polycarbodiimides, epoxysilanes, melamines, polyisocyanates and combinations thereof. As used herein, a cross-linker refers to a compound that comprises two or more functional groups that are reactive with other functional groups and which is capable of linking two or more compounds through covalent bonds.

The cross-linker may comprise a polyaziridine. The polyaziridine can be any compound comprising two or more aziridine groups. A non-limiting example of a polyaziridine that can be used as a cross-linker in the temporary protective layer 114 is trimethylolpropane tris(2-methyl-l-aziridinepropionate).

The cross-linker may comprise a polycarbodiimide. The polycarbodiimide can be any compound that comprises

A cross-linker may be included in the coating composition of the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount in the range of 0.05 to 30% by weight, or 0.1 to 20% by weight, or 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the components totals of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114. Crosslinkers are included in the composition of the temporary protective layer 114 in order to crosslink the composition, so that a thermoset resin system is generated. For example, the coating composition may comprise a cross-linker that is reactive with the Ln/zznz/E/YiAi crcp.

- 36 functionality of the polyurethane polymer and which may comprise from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, or from 1% by weight to 3% by weight, or from 1% by weight to 2% by weight, based on weight total wet polyurethane polymer. A stoichiometric ratio of the reactive groups on the polyurethane polymer to the reactive groups on the cross-linker may be in the range from 1:1 to 1:0.05, or in the range from 1:08 to 1:01, or in the range from 1:0.6 to 1:0.2, or in the range from 1:0.5 to 1:0.3.

The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may comprise inorganic compounds such as talc, silica, metal catalysts, inorganic pigments and the like. Alternatively, one or more coating layers (e.g., one or all of the coating layers) may be free of any of the additional components described above, for example free of inorganic compounds such as talc, silica, metallic catalysts, inorganic pigments and the like.

The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be a double cure coating composition. As used herein, a dual cure coating composition refers to a coating composition that can use light or chemical initiation to activate polymerization. If the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 comprises a dual-curing coating composition, the dual-curing coating composition may comprise one or more improved properties over a single-, light-, or chemical-curing coating composition. . For example, a double cure coating composition may result in higher cross-link density, improved chemical and water resistance properties, superior hardness, lower elongation properties, and greater tensile strength, compared to a coating composition single curing, light curing or chemical curing. In a non-limiting embodiment, the coating composition may comprise at least 2 cross-linkers, or at least 3 cross-linkers, or at least 4 cross-linkers. The at least 2 crosslinkers, or at least 3 crosslinkers, or at least 4 crosslinkers may be any of the

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- 37 crosslinkers previously described as suitable for use in the coating composition. The at least 2 cross-linkers, or at least 3 cross-linkers, or at least 4 cross-linkers can initiate polymerization and/or cross-linking with different mechanisms, such as light-initiated or chemical-initiated. Alternatively, the coating composition may comprise at least one cross-linker and the polyurethane polymer may be self-cross-linking. For example, the coating composition may comprise at least one cross-linker and the polyurethane polymer may be self-cross-linking through oxidative curing.

The polyurethane polymer and/or polyurethane dispersion may be susceptible to burning. Thus, if the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion are used in a coating composition, wherein the coating composition is cured to form a coating layer, the coating layer can be considered a coating layer. susceptible to being burned. The polyurethane polymer and/or polyurethane dispersion and any additional components described herein for use in a coating composition used to form a temporary protective layer, may also be used in a coating composition to form the first and/or the second of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118, the temporary protective layer 214, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 216, 218, the temporary protective layer 314, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 316, 318, and the first and/or second temporary protective sheets 1016, 1018, the temporary protective layer 514, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 516, 518, the layer temporary protective layer 1114, the burnable sheet 1128, the temporary protective layer that is burned off 426 and/or the temporary protective layer that is burned off 626. In this way, the temporary protective layer 114, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 116, 118, the temporary protective layer 214, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 216, 218, temporary protective layer 314, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 316, 318, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 1016, 1018, the temporary protective layer 514, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheets 516, 518, the temporary protective layer 1114, the burnable sheet 1128, the temporary protective layer that is removed crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 38 by burning 426, and/or the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning 626 can be removed by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling. For example, the temporary protective layer 114, the first and/or the second of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118, temporary protective layer 214, the first and/or the second of the temporary protective sheets 216, 218, the temporary protective layer 314, the first and/or the second of the temporary protective sheets 316, 318, the first or second of the temporary protective sheets 1016, 1018, the temporary protective layer 514, the first and/or second of the temporary protective sheets 516, 518, The temporary protective layer 1114, the burnable sheet 1128, the temporary protective burn-off layer 426 and/or the temporary protective burn-off layer 626 may be removable by a non-damaging heat treatment process. substantially the surface.

The temporary protective layer 114 may include a material having a melting point of at least 60°C, such as at least 70°C or at least 80°C. The temporary protective layer 114 may include a material having a melting point of up to 700°C, or up to 650°C, or up to 600°C. The temporary protective layer may have a melting point of 60°C to 700°C, or 60°C to 650°C, or 60°C to 600°C, or 70°C to 700°C, or from 70°C to 650°C, or from 70°C to 600°C, or from 80°C to 700°C, or from 80°C to 650°C, or from 80°C to 600°C. The temporary protective layer 114 may include a material that, when solidified, is impermeable to water and other standard processing liquids, such as cooling agents, cutting oils, and the like. The temporary protective layer 114 may provide the substrate 112 with increased corrosion protection compared to the same substrate that does not include the temporary protective layer 114 placed thereon.

The material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be a thermoplastic or thermoset. As used herein, a thermoplastic is a material that softens when heated and has a defined melting point. The material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be a thermoset material of any of the previously mentioned materials of the temporary protective layer 114. As used herein, thermoset is any crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 39 reticulated material that does not have a defined melting point, but instead burns or decomposes when heated. The material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may have a low degree of cross-linking so that the material has a defined melting temperature. The material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may have a high degree of cross-linking so that the material does not have a defined melting temperature. A high degree of cross-linking can be obtained, for example, by means of solvent-based formulations or by the addition of a cross-linker to an aqueous formulation.

In some non-limiting examples, the material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may include an emulsion comprising a hydrophobic material, water and a surfactant, and the surfactant may be a nonionic surfactant or an ionic surfactant (e.g., a surfactant cationic or an anionic one). The material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may include a material comprising a hydrophobic material dissolved in a solvent. Alternatively, the material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may not be required to be dissolved in a solvent. The material applied to form the temporary protective layer may include an ultraviolet (UV) curable or heat curable material. As used herein, a UV-curable material is a material that when applied to a surface of a substrate and exposed to a source of UV radiation, results in cross-linking of the material applied to the substrate. As used herein, a heat-curable material is a material that, when applied to a surface of a substrate and exposed to a heat source, results in cross-linking of the material applied to the substrate.

In some non-limiting examples, the material is heated until its temperature is at least the Tg of the material, and the material is applied at a temperature that is at least the Tg of the material. In other non-limiting examples, the material is applied at a temperature below the Tg of the material and subsequently heated to a temperature suitable for the material to soften, for example above the Tg of the material. The material may also require a curing step at one temperature for a period of time. For example, the material can be cured at room temperature (i.e., in the range of 20 to 27°C, for example at 25°C) for a period of time up to

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- 40 72 hours, or up to 48 hours, or up to 36 hours or up to 24 hours. The material can also be cured at an elevated temperature, for example in the range of 90 to 180°C, or 100 to 170°C, or 110 to 150°C, or 120 to 130°C (for example, at 121° C) for a period of time of up to 2 hours, such as 1 hour, such as 30 minutes, such as 15 minutes.

The temporary protective layer 114 may be a layer removable from the surface of the substrate 112, even after the temporary protective layer composition 114 has been applied and solidified on the substrate 112 to form the temporary protective layer 114. The protective layer temporary 114 can be removed without substantially damaging the substrate 112 or rendering it unsuitable for its intended use (as defined below). The temporary protective layer 114 can be removed from the substrate 112 using any sufficient means, for example by burning, vaporizing, removing using a solvent or peeling the temporary protective layer 114 from the substrate 112.

The temporary protective layer 114 may have a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 5,000 pm, for example 10 nm to 1,000 pm, 10 nm to 500 pm, 0.5 pm to 100 pm, 0.5 pm to 10 pm, 10 pm to 30 pm or 50 pm to 100 pm. The thicknesses must be thick enough so that a continuous layer is formed. The temporary protective layer 114 must also be sufficiently thick so as to provide corrosion protection to the substrate 112. The temporary protective layer 114 must be sufficiently thin so that when the temporary protective layer 114 is burned, evaporated or otherwise thermally decomposed, substantial amounts of residue will not remain on the substrate 112. In this way, the temporary protective layer 114 may be susceptible to burning.

With continued reference to Figure 1, the protected substrate 100 may further include a plurality of temporary protective sheets, including a first temporary protective sheet 116 and a second temporary protective sheet 118. The first temporary protective sheet 116 and the second temporary protective sheet 118 can be made of a plastic material, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl, polylactic acid, polyoxymethylene or some combination of the same. The first temporary protective sheet 116 and/or the second sheet

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- 41 temporary protective sheet 118 may comprise a thermosetting resin system of any of the previously mentioned materials of the temporary protective sheet 116. In some non-limiting examples the second temporary protective sheet 118 may include a plastic film and an applied pressure sensitive adhesive on the plastic film. Examples of commercially available protective sheets include CGP-470, CGP-551, CGP-572 and/or CGP-591 protective films commercially available from Nitto Belgium NV (Genk, Belgium). The temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may include an adhesive layer that allows the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 to adhere to the layer on which they are placed. The adhesive layer may include a hydrophobic material that has a water contact angle of at least 90°. In other examples, the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 do not include an adhesive layer and are placed on the layer on which they are to be placed without being adhered thereto using an adhesive.

The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be placed on the surface of the substrate 112. The first and/or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be placed on at least a portion of the temporary protective layer 114. The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be formed separately from plastic sheets placed on the substrate 112. The temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be placed over the temporary protective layer 114 after the temporary protective layer 114 has cooled to room temperature (after it has solidified to form the temporary protective layer 114).

To form the protected substrate 100, the first and/or the second temporary protective sheet 116, 118 may be placed over the temporary protective layer 114 prior to transportation of the protected substrate 100. Once the protected substrate 100 reaches its destination, the first and/or second temporary protective sheet 116, 118 can be removed from the protected substrate 100, so that removal (e.g., peeling or otherwise removal of substrate sheets) of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 does not peel off the majority (>50% by weight of the temporary protective layer 114) of the temporary protective layer 114 from the surface of the substrate 112.

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- 42 removal of the first and/or second of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may allow substantially all (more than 90% or more than 95% by weight of the temporary protective layer 114) of the temporary protective layer 114 on the surface of the substrate 112. In this way, the separation of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 can leave the temporary protective layer 114 substantially intact on the surface of the substrate 112.

The first and/or second of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be placed on the substrate 112 in any of different arrangements to form the protected substrate 100, and Figures 1 to 11 show various non-limiting embodiments of the protected substrates 100. , 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, each of which is described in greater detail below. It will be appreciated that the components in Figures 1 to 11 will have the same last two digits in their element number that correspond to the components in the other figures in the application and that include the same characteristics of the corresponding components. For example, components 112, 212, 312, 412, 512 and the like all refer to the substrate described previously since all of these element numbers have the same last two digits (12).

Referring to Figure 1, the temporary protective layer 114 is positioned on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 112. The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 are positioned on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 112 and at least a portion of the temporary protective layer 114. The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 overlap each other to form a flap or overlay portion. The first and/or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in a coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the first and/or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be formed of a coating composition comprising any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used as a coating composition used to form the protective layer. temporary 114, which crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 43 includes any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. In the example shown in Figure 1, the temporary protective layer 114 is applied over the entire surface of the substrate 112, but in other non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 114 can be applied selectively over less than the entire surface of the substrate 112. substrate 112 (for example, on only one section in an overlay of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118) (see, for example, Figure 7). Below the overlapping portion formed by the first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118, a gap 120 may be defined between the second temporary protective sheet 118 and a portion of the surface of the substrate 112. This gap 120 may be a air separation and may be free of material from the temporary protective layer 114, the first temporary protective sheet 116 and/or the second temporary protective sheet 118. In this way, the first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 are applied on the temporary protective layer 114, so that the gap 120 formed is free of material of the temporary protective layer 114 and the temporary protective layer 114, the first sheet temporary protective sheet 116 and/or the second temporary protective sheet 118 do not fill the gap 120 between the first and the second temporary protective sheets 116, 118. A portion of the temporary protective layer 114 is placed between the second temporary protective sheet 118 and the substrate surface portion 112.

Referring to Figure 10, the protected substrate 1000 may be identical to the protected substrates 100, 700 shown in Figures 1 and 7, respectively, except as follows. The protected substrate 1000 may additionally include a tape 1022. The tape 1022 may attach the first temporary protective sheet 1016 and the second temporary protective sheet 1018 together.

Referring to Figure 2, the protected substrate 200 includes the substrate 212 having the temporary protective layer 214 applied on at least a first portion of the substrate 212. In the example shown in Figure 2, the temporary protective layer 214 is applied over the entire surface of the substrate 212, but in other non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 214 may be selectively applied over less than the entire surface of the substrate 212. substrate 212 (for example, close to the gap 220 that forms crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 44 between the first and second temporary protective sheets 216, 218) (see, for example, Figure 8). The temporary protective layer 214 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in a coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 214 can be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used as a coating composition that is used to form the temporary protective layer 114, that includes any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. The first temporary protective sheet 216 may be placed on at least a second portion of the substrate 212 and a first portion of the temporary protective layer 214. The second temporary protective sheet 218 may be positioned over at least a third portion of the substrate 212 and a second portion of the temporary protective layer 214 and may be separated from the first temporary protective sheet 216 such that the first and second protective sheets temporary 216, 218 are not in direct contact. A fourth portion of the surface of the substrate 212 is not covered by any of the temporary protective sheets 216, 218. The first and/or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in a coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the first and/or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218 can be formed from a coating composition that comprises any of the coating compositions described herein and can be used as a coating composition used to forming the temporary protective layer 114, which includes any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. The temporary protective layer 214 is placed on this fourth portion (and may also be applied on the first and/or second portions of the substrate 212). The gap 220 may be formed between the first and second temporary protective sheets 216, 218, directly above the temporary protective layer 214 on the fourth portion.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 45 With continued reference to Figure 2, the protected substrate 200 may include the flat substrate 212 and a first portion thereof on which the temporary protective layer 214 is applied. The substrate 212 may include a second portion on which the temporary protective layer 214 is applied. the first temporary protective sheet 216. The substrate may include a third portion onto which the second temporary protective sheet 218 is applied. The first portion is not covered by the temporary protective sheets 216, 218. The temporary protective layer 214 is positioned directly below the first and/or the second temporary protective sheet 216, 218 and between the substrate 212 and the first and/or the second temporary protective sheet 216, 218. The temporary protective sheets 216, 218 may or may not overlap each other.

With reference to the protected substrate 300 of Figure 3, the substrate 312, the temporary protective layer 314 and the first and second temporary protective sheets 316, 318 may be arranged as described in relation to Figure 2. The first and/or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in a coating composition to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the first and/or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318 can be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used as a coating composition used to form a temporary protective layer 114, which includes any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. The protected substrate 300 may further include tape 322 placed on the third substrate portion of the substrate 312, a portion of the temporary protective layer 314, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet 316, and/or a portion of the second temporary protective sheet 318. The tape 322 may attach the first temporary protective sheet 316 and the second temporary protective sheet 318 together. The gap 320 may be defined between the portion of the tape 322 positioned above the temporary protective layer 314 and the temporary protective layer 314 and between the temporary protective sheets 316, 318. The tape 322 of Figure 3 can also be used in the protected substrate 100 of Figure 1 to hold the first sheet crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 46 protective sheet 116 and the second protective sheet 118 together. In the example shown in Figure 3, the temporary protective layer 314 is applied over the entire surface of the substrate 312, but in other non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 314 may be selectively applied over less than the entire surface of the substrate 312. substrate 312 (for example, only on a section below the tape 322) (see, for example, Figure 9). The temporary protective layer 314 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 314 can be formed from a coating composition that comprises any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used for the temporary protective layer 114, which includes any of the materials and/or or additives described herein: for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion.

Referring to Figure 5, the protected substrate 500 may additionally include a coating layer 524 positioned between the surface of the substrate 512 and the temporary protective layer 514. The temporary protective layer 514 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 514 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the coating compositions described herein that may be used for the temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and/or additives described herein. at the moment; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. Multiple coating layers may be placed on the substrate 512 and under the temporary protective layer 514, such that the temporary protective layer 514 protects the multilayer coating. The coating layer 524 may include, for example, a low E coating layer (or another functional coating layer as previously described). The coating layer 524 may be suitable for tempering after application to the substrate 512. The coating layer 524 may include a metal or metal oxide. The coating layer 524 may include a polymer. The coating layer 524 may include any temperable coating layer, for example, those described in British Patent No. GB

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- 47 2,302,102; US Patent No. 4,504,109; US Patent No. 4,952,423; US Patent No. 5,028,759; US Patent No. 5,059,295; US Patent No. 5,653,903; US Patent No. 7,749,621; US Patent No. 8,865,325; published patent application US No. 2014/0272453. The coating layer 524 may include coatings available under the trade name Solarban^M.R. or Sungate^M.R., commercially available from Vitro Architectural Glass (Cheswick, PA). The first and second temporary protective sheets 516, 518 can be placed over the temporary protective layer 514 and form the gap 520, as previously described. It will be appreciated that any of the previously described embodiments of protected substrates may include a coating layer (e.g., a functional coating layer) placed between the substrate and the temporary protective layer.

The present invention also relates to a method of protecting the previously described substrates by forming the previously described protected substrates.

In a non-limiting embodiment, the method of protecting a substrate may include: providing a substrate comprising a surface; applying a material to form a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering and/or placing a first temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps a first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering and/or placing a second temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the temporary protective layer and on a third portion of the surface. An overlap may be formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and a gap may be defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

In a non-limiting embodiment, the method of protecting a substrate may include: providing a flat substrate that includes a surface; applying a material to form a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering and/or placing a first temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the surface; and adhering and/or placing a second temporary protective sheet on a third portion of the surface where a space is formed between the first sheet crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 48 temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet. The gap may be over the first portion of the surface, and the temporary protective layer may be positioned directly below the first and/or second protective sheet and positioned between the substrate and the first and/or second temporary protective sheet.

The material applied to form the temporary protective layer may be applied to the surface of the substrate by any suitable method, for example spray coating, curtain coating, powder coating, brush coating, roller coating, ink jet printing or some combination of these. The temporary protective layer formed using any of these methods may include a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof, which, when solidified, forms the temporary protective layer. Examples of polyurethanes for the polyurethane layer include aqueous polyurethanes, polyurethanes formed from a two-component system, emulsions thereof, and combinations thereof. Examples of epoxides for the epoxy layer include epoxy-functional polymeric materials.

The method may include heating the material applied to form the temporary protective layer to a temperature sufficient to form a molten liquid prior to application of the material to the substrate. In some examples, this material can be applied to the surface of the substrate at a temperature above the melting point of the material. In some examples, the molten liquid can be applied to the surface of the substrate by bubbling a gas through the molten liquid (vapor deposition method) so that the material forms the temporary protective layer on the substrate. The gas bubbled through the molten liquid to deposit the material and to form the temporary protective layer may include an inert gas, such as nitrogen or helium. The inert gas can reduce the possibility of a chemical reaction with the material used to form the temporary protective layer. The material may additionally require a curing step at one temperature for a period of time. For example, the material may be cured at room temperature (i.e., in the range of 20 to 27°C, such as 25°C) for a period of time up to 72 hours, or up to 48 hours, or up to 36 hours, or up to 24 hours. The material can also be cured at an elevated temperature, such as crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 49 in the range of 90 to 180°C, or 100 to 170°C, or 110 to 150°C, or 120 to 130°C (for example, 121°C) for a period of time up to 2 hours, such as 1 hour, such as 30 minutes, such as 15 minutes.

A method of removing a temporary protective layer from a coated substrate may include: providing a protected substrate comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; a temporary protective layer placed over at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet positioned over at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet on a flap, wherein the separation is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and a portion of the surface and a portion of the temporary protective layer that is placed between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface. The method may include removing the first temporary protective sheet and/or the temporary protective sheet by peeling. The method may include removing the temporary protective layer from the surface by burning, vaporizing, removing using a solvent, or peeling the temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate. The protected substrate can be heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the temporary protective layer from the surface.

Referring to Figure 11, the protected substrate 1100 may include the substrate 1112, a temporary protective layer 1114 placed on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 1112, and a burnable sheet 1128 placed on at least one portion of the temporary protective layer 1114, and optionally in direct contact with the temporary protective layer 1114. The temporary protective layer 1114 and/or the burnable sheet 1128 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in a coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer. 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 114 and/or the burnable sheet 1128 can be formed from a coating composition comprising crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used as a coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. The burnable sheet 1128 may include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, or a combination thereof. The burnable sheet 1128 may optionally include an adhesive. The burnable sheet 1128 can be made of a material that allows at least some of the UV light to pass through it so as to cure the temporary protective layer 1114 distributed below it. UV radiation can be applied to the protected substrate 1100 using a UV radiation source, and the UV radiation can cure the temporary protective layer 1114, which can also function as an adhesive to adhere the burnable sheet 1128 to the substrate 1112. The temporary protective layer 1114 and/or the burnable sheet 1128 may comprise any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 1114 and/or the burnable sheet 1128 may comprise any of the coating compositions described herein that may be used for the temporary protective layer 114 that include any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. Both the temporary protective layer 1114 and the burnable sheet 1128 can be burned off during a tempering process. The temporary protective layer 1114 may have the thickness described previously. The burnable sheet 1128 may have a thickness of 2.5 pm to 254 pm (0.1-10 mils), such as 12.7 pm to 127 pm (0.5 to 5 mils) or 12.7 pm to 51 pm (0.5 to 2 thousandths of an inch). The burnable sheet 1128 may be an outermost sheet on the substrate 1112. The temporary protective layer 1114 and the burnable sheet 1128 may be made of a burnable material. The protected substrate 1100 may include a coating layer 1124 as previously described.

As used in this description, the term burnable is

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- 51 refers to a material that will burn, evaporate, or otherwise thermally decompose from the substrate, without interacting with the substrate or otherwise substantially damaging (as defined below) the aesthetics or performance of the substrate ( which includes any coating on top of it). Burnable materials will burn, evaporate or otherwise thermally decompose at least when the substrate temperature is 500°C to 1000°C. It is anticipated that the burnable material will burn, evaporate or otherwise thermally decompose before the substrate reaches a temperature of 1000°C, such as a temperature of 900°C, 800°C, 700° C, 650°C or 600°C. The heat treatment process can be carried out in an oven having a temperature of up to 1200°C, for example up to 1100°C, up to 1000°C, up to 900°C, up to 800°C, up to 700°C. or up to 650°C. The oven can operate at a temperature of 700°C so that the substrate reaches a temperature of 640°C for the temporary burn-off protective layer (described later) to be removed during the heat treatment process. In some non-limiting embodiments, the burnable material can be removed during standard heat treatment processes, for example tempering, heat strengthening or bending, or during a heat treatment performed specifically to remove the burnable material without adversely affect the substrate, as previously described. In some non-limiting examples, burnable material may be removed during a standard tempering procedure in which tempering furnaces operate in the range of 500°C to 1000°C, such as 600°C to 800°C. , or such as 650°C to 750°C.

Referring to Figure 4, the protected substrate 400 may include the substrate 412 and the temporary burn-off protective layer 426 positioned on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 412. The temporary burn-off protective layer 426 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary burn-off protective layer 426 can be formed from a coating composition

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- 52 comprising any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used for the temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. Referring to Figure 6, the protected substrate 600 may include the substrate 612 and the temporary burn-off protective layer 626 placed on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 612 (as in Figure 4) and may include additionally the coating layer 624 between the substrate 612 and the temporary burn-off protective layer 626. The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may be formed from a coating composition comprising any of the coating compositions described herein that may be used for the temporary protective layer 114 including any of the materials and/or additives described herein; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion. As used herein, the term burn-off temporary protective layer means a layer that is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface. The temporary burn-off protective layer 426 and the temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may be identical or comprise the same or similar components as the temporary protective layer 114 of Figure 1.

The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may comprise any of the polymers and/or additives described for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may comprise any of the coating compositions described herein that can be used for the temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and/or additives described herein. ; for example, the polyurethane polymer and/or the polyurethane dispersion.

The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may have a thickness of 10 nm at 5000 pm, such as 1 pm at 100 pm, such as 5 pm at 50 pm,

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- 53 such as from 5 pm to 8 pm. The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may be an outermost layer on the substrate 612.

The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 can be removed by burn-off (or other heat treatment process) without substantially damaging the surface. As used herein, the phrase substantially harm is defined as a change that is detrimental to the function or aesthetics of the substrate that constitutes any undesirable change in a property of the substrate that renders the substrate unacceptable for its intended purpose. For example, substantially damaging the surface may include substantially discoloring the surface from the heat treatment process. In other applications where a heating step is part of the standard procedure, damage can be defined as an unwanted color change due to the presence of the coating that is burned off compared to a similar sample that is heated without the coating. which is eliminated by burning. As used herein, a substantial color change means a color change (DECMC) of more than 3 units, more than 2 units, or more than 1 unit compared to the color of an identical substrate processed without the coating being applied. eliminated by burning subject to the same treatment process. DECMC (CIELAB) may be measured using an integrating sphere with D65 illumination, 10° observer with specular component included in accordance with ASTM designation: D 2244 - 05 unless otherwise noted. Other examples of substantial damage include or may be induced by a change in surface roughness, a change in the oxidation state of the surface, or a change in surface energy due to the presence of a coating that is burned off. during the heat treatment process, or an unwanted reaction between the temporary burn-off protective layer and the substrate during the heat treatment process. Substantial damage may include any detrimental change to a functional coating placed on the substrate below the temporary protective layer that is burned off (for example, an antimicrobial functional coating that no longer sterilizes the surface after the heat treatment process, a hydrophobic functional coating that loses its hydrophobicity after the heat treatment process, a color change of the functional coating

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- 54 discernible by the human eye (for example, DECMC > 3, 2 or 1) compared to an identical substrate exposed to the same heat treatment process without the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning.

The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may be burn-off at a temperature of up to 1000°C, such as up to 900°C, up to 800°C, up to 700°C, up to 600°C or up to 500°C. . The temporary burn-off protective layer 626 may be removed during standard heat treatment processes, such as tempering, heat strengthening or bending, or during a heat treatment performed specifically to remove burnable material without substantially damage the substrate 612. In non-limiting examples, burnable material can be removed during a standard tempering procedure in which tempering furnaces operate in the range of 500°C to 1000°C. The protected substrate 600 may include an optional coating layer 624, as previously described.

With continued reference to Figures 4 and 6, the substrate may not include any temporary protective sheet on a surface of the substrate, since the temporary protective layer that is burned off may be sufficient to protect the substrate as the outermost layer.

In some non-limiting examples, the temporary burn-off protective layer may be placed over the entire surface of the substrate. The burn-off temporary protective layer may also cover at least a portion of the edge of the substrate.

A method of providing the substrate may include: providing the planar substrate comprising a surface and applying a material to form the temporary burn-off protective layer onto at least a first portion of the surface. The burn-off temporary protective layer can be applied to the substrate using any of the previously described methods of applying the temporary protective layer. The method may further include preparing the material by means of an emulsion, wherein the material is dispersed in water or an aqueous medium. As used herein, an aqueous medium is a liquid mixture comprising more than 50% crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 55 water. Additional additives, such as cross-linkers, can be added during the preparation of the material that forms the protective layer that is removed by burning. Alternatively, additional additives can be added just before the material is applied to form the temporary protective layer that is burned off. The material may also require a curing step at one temperature for a period of time. For example, the material may be cured at room temperature (i.e., in the range of 20 to 27°C, for example at 25°C) for a period of time of up to 72 hours, or up to 48 hours, or up to 36 hours. , or up to 24 hours. The material may also be cured at an elevated temperature, for example in the range of 90 to 180°C, or 100 to 170°C, or 110 to 150°C, or 120 to 130°C, for a period of time. up to 2 hours, such as 1 hour, such as 30 minutes, such as 15 minutes.

A method of removing the temporary burn-off protective layer from a coated substrate may include: providing a coated substrate comprising a surface on a portion of which the temporary burn-off protective layer is applied and the layer is removed. temporary protective layer that is burned off from the surface by burning of the temporary protective layer that is burned off to form an unprotected substrate. The coated substrate can be heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the temporary protective layer that burns off the surface.

The present invention also includes the subject matter of the following clauses.

Clause 1: A protected substrate, comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; a temporary protective layer placed over at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet positioned over at least a second portion of the surface, wherein the overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet on a flap; wherein a gap is defined by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and a portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the temporary protective layer is placed between the crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 56 second temporary protective sheet and surface portion.

Clause 2: The protected substrate of clause 1, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 3: The protected substrate of clause 1 or 2, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 4: The substrate protected by any of clauses 1 to 3, wherein the flat substrate comprises metal or wood.

Clause 5: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 4, further comprising a functional coating placed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 6: The protected substrate of clause 5, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating layer.

Clause 7: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 6, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 8: The protected substrate of clause 7, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 9: The substrate protected by clauses 7 to 8, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 10: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 9, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 11: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 10, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removed from the protected substrate, wherein the removal of the first temporary protective sheet and /or the second temporary protective sheet of the protected substrate does not peel off most of the temporary protective layer on the surface.

Clause 12: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 11, in crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 57 wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C.

Clause 13: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 12, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a hydrophobic material.

Clause 14: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 13, wherein, when the temporary protective layer contacts water, the temporary protective layer has a water contact angle of at least 60°.

Clause 15: The substrate protected by any of clauses 1 to 14, wherein the temporary protective layer is impermeable to water.

Clause 16: The substrate protected by any of clauses 1 to 15, wherein the temporary protective layer provides protection to the substrate for increased corrosion, compared to the same substrate that does not include the temporary protective layer.

Clause 17: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 16, further comprising a tape positioned between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 18: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 17, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation (IR) absorbing substances, temperature modifiers. adhesion, UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, surfactants, hydrophobic agents or a combination thereof.

Clause 19: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 18, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermoset resin system.

Clause 20: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 19, wherein the temporary protective layer is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 21: A protected substrate comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over a first portion of the surface; a second temporary protective sheet placed over a second portion of the surface, wherein a third portion of the surface is not

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- 58 covered by the first temporary protective sheet and wherein the third portion of the surface is not covered by the second temporary protective sheet; and a temporary protective layer on at least the third portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer is positioned directly below the first and/or second protective sheet and is positioned between the substrate and the first and/or second sheet temporary protector.

Clause 22: The protected substrate of clause 21, further comprising a tape placed over at least the third portion of the surface, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet and a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 23: The protected substrate of clause 22, wherein a portion of the tape is placed over at least a portion of the temporary protective layer.

Clause 24: The protected substrate of clause 23, wherein a separation is defined between the portion of the tape placed over the temporary protective layer portion, and the temporary protective layer portion.

Clause 25: The substrate protected by any of clauses 21 to 24, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 26: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 25, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 27: The substrate protected by any of clauses 21 to 26, where the flat substrate comprises metal or wood.

Clause 28: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 27, further comprising a functional coating placed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 29: The protected substrate of clause 28, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating.

Clause 30: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 29, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 31: The protected substrate of clause 30, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a

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- 59 two-component system, or a combination of them.

Clause 32: The protected substrate of clauses 30 to 31, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 33: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 32, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 34: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 33, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removed from the protected substrate, wherein the removal of the first temporary protective sheet and /or the second temporary protective sheet of the protected substrate does not peel off a greater part of the temporary protective layer of the surface.

Clause 35: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 34, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C.

Clause 36: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 35, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a hydrophobic material.

Clause 37: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 36, wherein, when the temporary protective layer contacts water, the temporary protective layer has a water contact angle of at least 60°.

Clause 38: The substrate protected by any of clauses 21 to 37, wherein the temporary protective layer is impermeable to water.

Clause 39: The substrate protected by any of clauses 21 to 38, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased protection to the substrate against corrosion, compared to the same substrate that does not include the temporary protective layer.

Clause 40: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 39, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation (IR) absorbing substances, adhesion, UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, tcnsioactives, hydrophobic agents or

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- 60 a combination of them.

Clause 41: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 40, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermoset resin system.

Clause 42: The protected substrate of any of clauses 21 to 41, wherein the temporary protective layer is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 43: A protected substrate, comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; a first portion of the surface on which a temporary protective layer is applied; a second portion of the surface on which a first temporary protective sheet is placed; and a third portion of the surface on which a second temporary protective sheet is placed, wherein the first portion is not covered by the first or second temporary protective sheets, wherein where the temporary protective layer is placed directly below the first and/or second protective sheet and is placed between the substrate and the first and/or second temporary protective sheet, wherein the first temporary protective sheet overlaps or does not overlap the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 44: The protected substrate of clause 43, further comprising a tape positioned over at least the first portion of the surface, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet, and a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 45: The protected substrate of clause 44, wherein a portion of the tape is placed over at least a portion of the temporary protective layer.

Clause 46: The protected substrate of clause 45, wherein a gap is defined between the portion of the tape placed over the temporary protective layer portion, and the temporary protective layer portion.

Clause 47: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 46, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 48: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 47, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 49: The substrate protected by any of clauses 43 to 48, where the flat substrate comprises metal or wood.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 61 Clause 50: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 49, further comprising a functional coating placed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 51: The protected substrate of clause 50, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating.

Clause 52: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 51, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 53: The protected substrate of clause 52, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 54: The protected substrate of clauses 52 to 53, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 55: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 54, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 56: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 55, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet is configured to be removed from the protected substrate, wherein the removal of the first temporary protective sheet and /or the second temporary protective sheet of the protected substrate does not peel off most of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

Clause 57: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 56, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C.

Clause 58: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 57, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a hydrophobic material.

Clause 59: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 58, wherein, when the temporary protective layer contacts water, the temporary protective layer has a water contact angle of at least 60°.

Clause 60: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 59, in crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 62 where the temporary protective layer is impermeable to water.

Clause 61: The substrate protected by any of clauses 43 to 60, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased protection to the substrate against corrosion, compared to the same substrate that does not include the temporary protective layer.

Clause 62: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 61, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation (IR) absorbing substances, modifiers adhesion agents, UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, surfactants, hydrophobic agents or a combination thereof.

Clause 63: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 62, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermoset resin system.

Clause 64: The protected substrate of any of clauses 43 to 63, wherein the temporary protective layer is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 65: A protected substrate comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; and a temporary protective layer placed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 66: The protected substrate of clause 65, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 67: The protected substrate of clause 65 or 66, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 68: The substrate protected by any of clauses 65 to 67, where the flat substrate comprises metal or wood.

Clause 69: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 68, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises at least 40% by weight of carbon.

Clause 70: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 69, wherein the protected substrate does not include a temporary protective sheet placed over the crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 63 surface.

Clause 71: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 70, wherein the temporary protective layer is an outermost layer of the flat substrate.

Clause 72: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 71, wherein the temporary protective layer is placed over at least the entire surface.

Clause 73: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 72, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 74: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 73, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 75: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 74, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation (IR) absorbing substances, adhesion, UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, surfactants, hydrophobic agents or a combination thereof.

Clause 76: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 75, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

Clause 77: The protected substrate of any of clauses 65 to 76, wherein the temporary protective layer is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 78: A protected substrate comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; a temporary protective layer placed over at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet positioned over at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet on a flap; wherein a gap is defined by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and a portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the temporary protective layer is positioned between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 64 Clause 79: The protected substrate of clause 78, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 80: The protected substrate of clause 78 or 79, where the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 81: The protected substrate of any of clauses 78 to 80, further comprising a functional coating placed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 82: The protected substrate of clause 81, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating layer.

Clause 83: The protected substrate of any of clauses 78 to 82, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 84: The protected substrate of clause 83, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system or a combination thereof.

Clause 85: The protected substrate of any of clauses 83 to 84, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 86: The protected substrate of any of clauses 78 to 85, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet is configured to be removed from the protected substrate, wherein the removal of the first temporary protective sheet and /or the second temporary protective sheet of the protected substrate does not peel off most of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

Clause 87: The protected substrate of any of clauses 78 to 86, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C and at most 600°C.

Clause 88: The protected substrate of any of clauses 78 to 87, wherein, when the temporary protective layer contacts water, the temporary protective layer has a water contact angle of at least 60°.

Clause 89: A protected substrate, comprising: a flat substrate crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 65 comprises a surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet placed on a second portion of the surface, wherein a third portion of the surface is not covered by the first temporary protective sheet and wherein the third portion of the surface is not covered by the second temporary protective sheet ; and a temporary protective layer on at least the third portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer is positioned directly below the first and/or second protective sheet and is positioned between the substrate and the first and/or second protective sheet temporary.

Clause 90: The protected substrate of clause 89, further comprising a tape placed over at least the third portion of the surface, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet and a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 91: The protected substrate of clause 89 or 90, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 92: The protected substrate of any of clauses 89 to 91, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 93: The substrate protected by any of clauses 89 to 92, further comprising a coating placed between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 94: The protected substrate of clause 93, wherein the coating comprises a low E coating.

Clause 95: The protected substrate of any of clauses 89 to 94, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 96: The protected substrate of clause 95, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 97: The protected substrate of any of clauses 95 to 96, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 98: The protected substrate of any of clauses 89 to 97, in

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- 66 wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C and at most 600°C.

Clause 99: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 98, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a system of two components, or a combination thereof.

Clause 100: The protected substrate of any of clauses 1 to 99, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

Clause 101: The protected substrate of clause 100, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

Clause 102: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 101, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

Clause 103: The protected substrate of clause 102, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oily polyol.

Clause 104: The protected substrate of clause 103, wherein the oily polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

Clause 105: The protected substrate of clause 104, wherein at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid used to form the oily polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, coconut oil hemp seed, tung oil, canola oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy oil, perilla oil, castile walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linolenic acid , linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid or a combination thereof.

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- 67 Clause 106: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 105, wherein the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, for example in the range of 80 to 225, for example in the range of 90 to 210, such as in the range of 100 to 200.

Clause 107: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 106, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol comprises the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount ranging from 80% by weight to 97% by weight, such as in the range from 85% by weight to 96%, such as in the range from 90% by weight to 95% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 108: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 107, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or combinations thereof.

Clause 109: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 108, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three, such as at least four polyols .

Clause 110: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 109, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol comprises the at least one polyol in an amount ranging from 1% by weight to 25% by weight, such as in the range from 2% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 111: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 110, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol further comprises a catalyst.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

Clause 112: The protected substrate of clause 111, where the

- 68 catalyst used to form the oily polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, barium naphthenate, iron naphthenate, lithium neodecanoate or a combination of them.

Clause 113: The protected substrate of any of clauses 111 to 112, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol comprises the catalyst in an amount in the range of more than 0% by weight up to 2% by weight, such as in range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 114: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 113, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least 3 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 4 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 115: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 114, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Clause 116: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 115, wherein the oily polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 117: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 116, wherein the oily polyol comprises a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as from 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/ mg, such as from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 118: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 117, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the oily polyol in an amount ranging from 30% by weight to 65% by weight, such such as in the range from 35% by weight to 60% by weight, such as in the range from crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 69 40% by weight up to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 45% by weight to 50% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 119: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 118, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

Clause 120: The protected substrate of clause 119, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

Clause 121: The protected substrate of clause 120, wherein the at least one polyol used for the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol, or combinations thereof.

Clause 122: The protected substrate of any of clauses 120 to 121, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

Clause 123: The protected substrate of any of clauses 120 to 122, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 55% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 78% by weight, or in the range from 65% by weight to 75% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 124: The protected substrate of any of clauses 120 to 123, wherein the at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, acid fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride or combinations thereof.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 70 Clause 125: The protected substrate of any of clauses 120 to 124, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of from 20% by weight to 50% by weight or in the range from 20% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range from 23% by weight to 40% by weight, or in the range from 25% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 126: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 125, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

Clause 127: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 126, wherein the polyester polyol comprises a carbon chain of 2 to 25 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms such as a carbon chain of 10 to 14 carbon atoms.

Clause 128: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 127, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester bond such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least least four ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

Clause 129: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 128, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 130: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 129, wherein the polyester polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 131: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 130, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg up to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 132: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 131, crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 71 wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyester polyol in an amount in the range from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range of 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range of 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 133: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 133, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

Clause 134: The protected substrate of clause 133, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

Clause 135: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 134, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

Clause 136: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 135, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3- butylene glycol, 1,3propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 137: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 136, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, such as at least five ether bonds.

Clause 138: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 137, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 139: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 138,

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 72 wherein the polyether polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 140: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 139, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg up to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, or in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 141: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 140, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyether polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 15% by weight, such such as in the range from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 142: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 141, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

Clause 143: The protected substrate of clause 142, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid-functional polyol.

Clause 144: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 143, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2 ,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxylbutanedioic acid or a combination thereof.

Clause 145: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 144, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three groups of carboxylic acid, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 146: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 145, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 73 as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least minus 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 147: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 146, wherein the acid-functional polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 148: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 147, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the acid-functional polyol in an amount ranging from greater than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 149: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 148, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 150: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 149, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 151: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 150, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 152: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 151, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises meta-phenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, 4-diisocyanate ,4-biphenylene, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethyl diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1 ,10-decamethylene, 1,4cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylbis(isocyanatocyclohexane), l-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5trimethylcyclohexane or a combination thereof.

Clause 153: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 152, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

Clause 154: The protected substrate of clause 153, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; where the blocking agent

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΩΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 74 comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uretdione or a combination thereof.

Clause 155: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 154, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least 5 isocyanate groups.

Clause 156: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 155, wherein the polyisocyanate does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 157: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 156, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g/eq to 225 g/eq, such as in the range of 90 g/eq to 200 g/eq, such as in the range from 100 g/eq to 190 g/eq, such as in the range from 110 g/eq to 175 g/eq.

Clause 158: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 157, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 20% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 25% by weight to 45% by weight, such as in the range from 30% to 40% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 159: The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 158, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol in the range of 10:1 to 1: 1, such as in the range of 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range of 7:1 to 3:1, such as in the range of 6:1 to 4:1.

Clause 160: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 159, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the acid-functional polyol in the range of 2:1 to 1 :2, such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 75 Clause 161: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 160, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the oily polyol to the polyisocyanate in the range from 2:1 to 1:1.25 , such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.3:1 to 1.2:1.

Clause 162: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 161, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane bond, such as at least two urethane bonds, such as at least three urethane bonds, such as at least 5 urethane bonds, such as at least 10 urethane bonds, such as at least 20 urethane bonds.

Clause 163: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 162, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least 5 ester bonds.

Clause 164: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 163, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least 5 ether bonds.

Clause 165: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 164, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea linkage, such as at least two urea linkages, such as at least three urea linkages, such as at least 5 urea bonds.

Clause 166: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 165, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated.

Clause 167: The protected substrate of clause 166, where the ethylenically unsaturated group is attached to the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 76 Clause 168: The protected substrate of any of clauses 166 to 167, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is provided on a carbon chain of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, such as on a carbon chain of 8 to 25 atoms of carbon, such as in a carbon chain of 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

Clause 169: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 168, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups. carboxylic acid, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 170: The protected substrate of clause 169, where the carboxylic acid group is attached to the main structure of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 171: The protected substrate of any of clauses 169 to 170, wherein the carboxylic acid functional group is provided on a carbon chain of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 8 carbon atoms. carbon, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

Clause 172: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 171, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g/mol to 60,000 g/mol, such as in the range of 10,000 g /mol up to 50,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 15,000 g/mol to 45,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 20,000 g/mol to 40,000 g/mol.

Clause 173: The protected substrate of any of clauses 4 to 75, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C up to 10°C, such as in the range from -10°C to 0°C.

Clause 174: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 173, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range of 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range of 20 cps to 200 cps, such as range from 25 fps to 175 fps.

Clause 175: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 174, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid value in the range of more than 0 crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 77 KOH/mg to 45 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1 KOH/mg to 40 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 3 KOH/mg to 35 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 5 KOH/mg up to 30 KOH/mg.

Clause 176: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 175, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least 3, such as at least 4, such as at least 5, such as at least 6, such as at least 7, such as at least 8 different hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 177: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 176, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises a hydrocarbon chain of 5 carbon atoms or greater, such as 8 carbon atoms or greater, such as 10 carbon atoms or greater, such as 15 carbon atoms or greater, such as 20 carbon atoms or greater.

Clause 178: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 177, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

Clause 179: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 178, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of step growth polymerization.

Clause 180: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 179, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of condensation polymerization.

Clause 181: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 180, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 182: The protected substrate of clause 181, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% by weight to 45% by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 183: The protected substrate of any of clauses 181 to 182,

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 78 wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

Clause 184: The protected substrate of clause 183, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 185: The protected substrate of any of clauses 183 to 184, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the neutralizing amine in an amount in the range from more than 0% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 5% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 186: The protected substrate of any of clauses 183 to 185, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

Clause 187: The protected substrate of clause 186, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

Clause 188: The protected substrate of clause 187, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

Clause 189: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 188, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl )cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane , l,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophorone diamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 190: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 189, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH/mg to 2,500 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 1,100 KOH/mg mg to 2,300 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,200 KOH/mg to 2,100 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,300 KOH/mg to 1,900 KOH/mg.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 79 Clause 191: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 190, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, such as at least 5 amine groups.

Clause 192: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 191, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, such as up to 6 amine groups.

Clause 193: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 192, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the amine chain extender in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 3% by weight, such as in range from more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 194: The protected substrate of any of clauses 181 to 193, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

Clause 195: The protected substrate of clause 194, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range of 53% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range of 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 196: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 195, wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxy.

Clause 197: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 196, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, an emulsion thereof or some combination thereof.

Clause 198: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 197, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, crcp wax Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 80 polyethylene or some combination thereof.

Clause 199: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 198, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

Clause 200: The protected substrate of clause 199, wherein the aqueous medium in the range from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, such as in the range from 50% to 75% by weight, such as in the range from 50% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight up to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 201: The protected substrate of any of clauses 199 to 200, wherein the aqueous medium comprises a solvent in an amount from more than 0% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 25% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 202: The protected substrate of clause 201, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, an ether glycol alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a hydrocarbon aliphatic, a pyrrolidone or a combination thereof.

Clause 203: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 202, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

Clause 204: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 203, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

Clause 205: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 204, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

Clause 206: The protected substrate of clause 205, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 207: The protected substrate of clause 206, where the crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 81 plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxylated soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

Clause 208: The protected substrate of any of clauses 205 to 207, wherein the coating composition comprises the plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 4% by weight. weight up to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 209: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 208, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

Clause 210: The protected substrate of clause 209, wherein the coating composition comprises the viscosity modifier in an amount in the range from 0.05% by weight to 20% by weight, or from 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight , or from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 211: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 210, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

Clause 212: The protected substrate of clause 211, wherein the coating composition comprises a hydrophobic agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65 % by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 213: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 212, wherein the coating composition further comprises a cross-linker.

Clause 214: The protected substrate of clause 213, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine, a polycarbodiimide, an epoxysilane, a melamine, a polyisocyanate or a combination thereof.

Clause 215: The protected substrate of any of clauses 213 to 214, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 82 Clause 216: The protected substrate of any of clauses 213 to 215, wherein the cross-linker comprises tris(2-methyl-l-aziridine propionate) of trimethylolpropane.

Clause 217: The protected substrate of any of clauses 213 to 216, wherein the coating composition comprises the crosslinker in an amount in the range of 0.05% by weight to 30% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 218: The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 217, wherein the coating composition comprises a double cure coating composition.

Clause 219: A method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a flat substrate comprising a surface; applying a material to form a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the substrate, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps a first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the temporary protective layer and on a third portion of the surface, wherein a flap is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet and wherein defined a separation by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

Clause 220: The method of clause 219, wherein the material is applied to at least a first portion of the surface by spray coating, curtain coating, powder coating, brush coating, roller coating, jet printing of ink or some combination thereof.

Clause 221: The method of clause 219 or 220, wherein the material is an emulsion comprising a hydrophobic material, water and a surfactant.

Clause 222: The method of clause 221, wherein the surfactant is non-ionic.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

Clause 223: The method of any of clauses 219 to 221, which

- 83 further comprises heating the material to a temperature to form a molten liquid prior to application of the material.

Clause 224: The method of clause 223, wherein the material is a thermoplastic or a thermoset material.

Clause 225: The method of clause 223 or 224, wherein the material is applied to the first portion of the surface at a temperature above the melting point of the material.

Clause 226: The method of any of clauses 223 to 225, wherein the molten liquid is applied to the first portion of the surface by bubbling a gas through the molten liquid.

Clause 227: The method of clause 226, wherein the gas comprises an inert gas.

Clause 228: The method of any of clauses 219 to 227, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material dissolved in a solvent.

Clause 229: The method of any of clauses 219 to 228, wherein the material comprises a UV radiation curable or heat curable material, wherein the applied material is exposed to a source of UV radiation or heat to cross-link the applied material .

Clause 230: The method of any of clauses 219 to 229, wherein the material comprises a two-component resin, wherein the components of the resin react to cross-link the resin upon application of the material.

Clause 231: The method of any of clauses 219 to 230, further comprising removing the temporary protective layer by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 232: The method of any of clauses 219 to 231, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 233: The method of any of clauses 219 to 232, wherein the flat substrate comprises metal or wood.

Clause 234: The method of any of clauses 219 to 233, wherein the flat substrate comprises a functional coating placed on the surface and between crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 84 the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 235: The method of clause 234, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating.

Clause 236: The method of any of clauses 219 to 235, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 237: The method of clause 236, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 238: The method of clauses 236 to 237, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 239: The method of any of clauses 219 to 238, wherein the material is applied so that the temporary protective layer formed comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 240: The method of any of clauses 219 to 239, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removed from the protected substrate, wherein the removal of the first temporary protective sheet and/or or the second temporary protective sheet of the protected substrate does not peel off most of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

Clause 241: The method of any of clauses 219 to 240, wherein the material comprises a melting point of at least 60°C.

Clause 242: The method of any of clauses 219 to 241, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material.

Clause 243: The method of any of clauses 219 to 242, wherein the temporary protective layer is impermeable to water.

Clause 244: The method of any of clauses 219 to 243, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased protection to the substrate against corrosion, compared to the same substrate that does not include the temporary protective layer.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

Clause 245: The method of any of clauses 219 to 244, which

- 85 further comprises applying a tape over a portion of the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 246: The method of any of clauses 219 to 245, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation (IR) absorbing substances, adhesion modifiers , UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, surfactants, hydrophobic agents or a combination thereof.

Clause 247: The method of any of clauses 219 to 246, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermoset resin system.

Clause 248: The method of any of clauses 219 to 247, wherein the temporary protective layer is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 249: A method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a flat substrate comprising a surface; applying a material to form a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the surface; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet on a third portion of the surface wherein a space is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, wherein the space is on the first portion of the surface, and wherein the temporary protective layer is positioned directly below the first and/or second protective sheet and is positioned between the substrate and the first and/or second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 250: The method of clause 249, further comprising applying a tape on the first portion of the surface, on a portion of the first temporary protective sheet and on a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

Clause 251: The method of clause 250, where the tape is placed over the temporary protective layer.

Clause 252: The method of clause 251, wherein a gap is defined between a portion of the tape and a portion of the temporary protective layer.

Clause 253: The method of any of clauses 249 to 252, where

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 86 the material is applied to at least a first portion of the surface by spray coating, curtain coating, powder coating, brush coating, roller coating, ink jet printing or some combination thereof.

Clause 254: The method of either clause 249 or 253, wherein the material is an emulsion comprising a hydrophobic material, water and a surfactant.

Clause 255: The method of clause 254, wherein the surfactant is non-ionic.

Clause 256: The method of any of clauses 249 to 255, further comprising heating the material to a temperature to form a molten liquid prior to application of the material.

Clause 257: The method of clause 256, wherein the material is a thermoplastic or a thermoset material.

Clause 258: The method of clause 256 or 257, wherein the material is applied to the first portion of the surface at a temperature above the melting point of the material.

Clause 259: The method of any of clauses 256 to 258, wherein the molten liquid is applied to the first portion of the surface by bubbling gas through the molten liquid.

Clause 260: The method of clause 259, wherein the gas comprises an inert gas.

Clause 261: The method of any of clauses 249 to 260, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material dissolved in a solvent.

Clause 262: The method of any of clauses 249 to 261, wherein the material comprises a UV radiation curable or heat curable material, wherein the applied material is exposed to a source of UV radiation or heat to cross-link the applied material .

Clause 263: The method of any of clauses 249 to 262, wherein the material comprises a two-component resin, wherein the components of the resin react to cross-link the resin upon application of the material.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 87 Clause 264: The method of any of clauses 249 to 263, further comprising removing the temporary protective layer by burning, vaporization, removal using a solvent or peeling.

Clause 265: The method of any of clauses 249 to 264, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 266: The method of any of clauses 249 to 265, wherein the flat substrate comprises metal or wood.

Clause 267: The method of any of clauses 249 to 266, wherein the flat substrate comprises a functional coating placed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

Clause 268: The method of clause 267, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating.

Clause 270: The method of any of clauses 249 to 268, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof.

Clause 271: The method of clause 270, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system or a combination thereof.

Clause 272: The method of clauses 270 to 271, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 273: The method of any of clauses 249 to 272, wherein the material is applied so that the temporary protective layer that is formed comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 274: The method of any of clauses 249 to 273, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removed from the protected substrate, wherein the removal of the first temporary protective sheet and/or or the second temporary protective sheet of the protected substrate does not peel off most of the temporary protective layer on the surface.

Clause 275: The method of any of clauses 249 to 274, wherein the material comprises a melting point of at least 60°C.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 88 Clause 276: The method of any of clauses 249 to 275, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material.

Clause 277: The method of any of clauses 249 to 276, wherein the temporary protective layer is impermeable to water.

Clause 278: The method of any of clauses 249 to 277, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased protection to the substrate against corrosion, compared to the same substrate that does not include the temporary protective layer.

Clause 279: The method of any of clauses 249 to 278, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation (IR) absorbing substances, adhesion modifiers , UV radiation absorbing substances, pigments, surfactants, hydrophobic agents or a combination thereof.

Clause 280: The method of any of clauses 249 to 279, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermoset resin system.

Clause 281: The method of any of clauses 249 to 280, wherein the temporary protective layer is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 282: A method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a flat substrate comprising a surface; applying a material to form a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps a first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the temporary protective layer and on a third portion of the surface, wherein a flap is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and wherein a gap is formed. defined by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

Clause 283: A method of removing a temporary protective layer from a coated substrate, comprising: providing a protected substrate comprising: a crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 89 flat substrate comprising a surface; a temporary protective layer placed over at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet placed over at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet positioned over at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet on a flap; wherein a gap is defined by the flap between the second temporary protective sheet and a surface portion, wherein a portion of the temporary protective layer is positioned between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface portion; removing the first temporary protective sheet and/or the second temporary protective sheet due to peeling; and removing the temporary protective layer from the surface by burning, vaporizing, removing using a solvent or peeling the temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate.

Clause 284: The method of clause 283, wherein the protected substrate is heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the temporary protective layer from the surface.

Clause 285: The protected substrate of any of clauses 219 to 284, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a system of two components or a combination thereof.

Clause 286: The method of clause 285, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

Clause 287: The method of clause 286, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

Clause 288: The method of any of clauses 285 to 287, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol ; and a polyisocyanate.

Clause 289: The method of clause 288, wherein the at least one

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 90 polyol comprises an oily polyol.

Clause 290: The method of clause 289, wherein the oily polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one unsaturated oil and/or fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

Clause 291: The method of clause 290, wherein at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid used to form the oily polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, seed oil cotton, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grape seed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, seed oil hemp, tung oil, cannon oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, acid palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid or a combination thereof.

Clause 292: The method of any of clauses 290 to 291, wherein the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, such as in the range of 80 to 225, such as in the range from 90 to 210, such as in the range from 100 to 200.

Clause 293: The method of any of clauses 289 to 292, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol comprises the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount ranging from 80% by weight to 97% by weight. weight, such as in the range from 85% by weight to 96%, such as in the range from 90% by weight to 95% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol .

Clause 294: The method of any of clauses 289 to 293, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6 -hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or combinations thereof.

Clause 295: The method of any of clauses 289 to 294, where

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 91 the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

Clause 296: The method of any of clauses 289 to 295, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol comprises the at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 25% by weight, such as in the range from 2% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 297: The method of any of clauses 289 to 296, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol further comprises a catalyst.

Clause 298: The method of clause 297, wherein the catalyst used to form the oily polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate , barium naphthenate, iron naphthenate, lithium neodecanoate or a combination thereof.

Clause 299: The method of any of clauses 297 to 298, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol comprises the catalyst in an amount in the range of more than 0% by weight up to 2% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 300: The method of any of clauses 289 to 299, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least 3 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 4 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 301: The method of any of clauses 289 to 300, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 92 Clause 302: The method of any of clauses 289 to 301, wherein the oily polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 303: The method of any of clauses 289 to 302, wherein the oily polyol comprises a hydroxyl value in the range of from 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as from 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg , such as from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 304: The method of any of clauses 289 to 303, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the oily polyol in an amount in the range of 30% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range from 35% by weight to 60% by weight, such as in the range from 40% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 45% by weight to 50% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 305: The method of any of clauses 288 to 304, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

Clause 306: The method of clause 305, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

Clause 307: The method of clause 306, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol, or combinations thereof.

Clause 308: The method of any of clauses 306 to 307, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

Clause 309: The method of any of clauses 306 to 308, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 93 a polyol in an amount in the range from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 55% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 78% by weight , or in the range from 65% by weight to 75% by weight based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 310: The method of any of clauses 306 to 309, wherein the at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid , isophthalic acid, italic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, italic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride or a combination thereof.

Clause 311: The method of any of clauses 306 to 310, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% by weight to 50% by weight, or in the range from 20% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range from 23% by weight to 40% by weight, or in the range from 25% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 312: The method of any of clauses 305 to 311, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

Clause 313: The method of any of clauses 305 to 312, wherein the polyester polyol comprises a carbon chain of 2 to 25 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms such as a carbon chain of 10 to 14 carbon atoms.

Clause 314: The method of any of clauses 305 to 313, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester linkage, such as at least two ester linkages, such as at least three ester linkages, such as at least least four ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

Clause 315: The method of any of clauses 305 to 314, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 94 minus 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 316: The method of any of clauses 305 to 315, wherein the polyester polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 317: The method of any of clauses 305 to 316, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 318: The method of any of clauses 305 to 317, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyester polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 319: The method of any of clauses 288 to 318, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

Clause 320: The method of clause 319, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

Clause 321: The method of any of clauses 319 to 320, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

Clause 322: The method of any of clauses 319 to 321, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol , 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 323: The method of any of clauses 319 to 322, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether linkage, such as at least two

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 95 ether bonds, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, such as at least 5 ether bonds.

Clause 324: The method of any of clauses 319 to 323, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 325: The method of any of clauses 319 to 324, wherein the polyether polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 326: The method of any of clauses 319 to 325, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 327: The method of any of clauses 319 to 326, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polyol comprises the polyether polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 328: The method of any of clauses 288 to 328, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

Clause 329: The method of clause 328, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid-functional polyol.

Clause 330: The method of any of clauses 328 to 329, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid , 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxylbutanedioic acid or a combination of the

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 96 same.

Clause 331: The method of any of clauses 328 to 330, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups. carboxylic acid, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 332: The method of any of clauses 328 to 331, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 333: The method of any of clauses 328 to 332, wherein the acid-functional polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 334: The method of any of clauses 328 to 333, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the acid-functional polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 335: The method of any of clauses 288 to 334, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 336: The method of any of clauses 288 to 335, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 337: The method of any of clauses 288 to 336, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 338: The method of any of clauses 288 to 337, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises metaphenylene diisocyanate, para-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, diisocyanate 4,4-biphenylene, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 97 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,6diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4- methylbis(isocyanatocyclohexane), l-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5trimethylcyclohexane or a combination thereof.

Clause 339: The method of any of clauses 288 to 338, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

Clause 340: The method of clause 339, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; wherein the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uretdione or a combination thereof.

Clause 341: The method of any of clauses 288 to 340, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least minus 5 isocyanate groups.

Clause 342: The method of any of clauses 288 to 341, wherein the polyisocyanate does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 343: The method of any of clauses 288 to 342, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g/eq to 225 g/eq, such as in the range of 90 g/eq to 200 g/eq, such as in the range from 100 g/eq to 190 g/eq, such as in the range from 110 g/eq to 175 g/eq.

Clause 344: The method of any of clauses 288 to 343, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyisocyanate in an amount in the range from 15% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 20% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 25% by weight to 45% by weight, such as in the range from 30% to 40% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 345: The method of any of clauses 319 to 344, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol in the range of from 10:1 to 1:1 , such as in the range from 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range from 7:1 to crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 98 3:1, such as in the range from 6:1 to 4:1.

Clause 346: The method of any of clauses 328 to 345, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the acid-functional polyol in the range of from 2:1 to 1: 2, such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

Clause 347: The method of any of clauses 289 to 346, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the oily polyol to the polyisocyanate in the range of from 2:1 to 1:1.25, such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.3:1 to 1.2:1.

Clause 348: The method of any of clauses 286 to 347, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane linkage, such as at least two urethane links, such as at least three urethane links, such as at least at least 5 urethane bonds, such as at least 10 urethane bonds, such as at least 20 urethane bonds.

Clause 349: The method of any of clauses 286 to 348, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least minus 5 ester bonds.

Clause 350: The method of any of clauses 286 to 349, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ether linkage, such as at least two ether linkages, such as at least three ether linkages, such as at least minus 5 ether bonds.

Clause 351: The method of any of clauses 286 to 350, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea linkage, such as at least two urea linkages, such as at least three urea linkages, such as at least minus 5 urea bonds.

Clause 352: The method of any of clauses 286 to 351, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 99 as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Clause 353: The method of clause 352, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is attached to the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 354: The method of any of clauses 352 to 353, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is provided on a carbon chain of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, such as on a carbon chain of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, such as in a carbon chain of 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

Clause 355: The method of any of clauses 286 to 354, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three acid groups carboxylic, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 356: The method of clause 355, wherein the carboxylic acid group is attached to the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 357: The method of any of clauses 355 to 356, wherein the carboxylic acid functional group is provided on a carbon chain of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 8 carbon atoms , such as a carbon chain of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

Clause 358: The method of any of clauses 286 to 357, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range from 5,000 g/mol to 60,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 10,000 g/mol mol to 50,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 15,000 g/mol to 45,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 20,000 g/mol to 40,000 g/mol.

Clause 360: The method of any of clauses 286 to 358, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of 30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C to 10 °C, such as in the range from -10°C to 0°C.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 100 Clause 361: The method of any of clauses 286 to 360, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range from 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range from 20 cps to 200 cps, such as in the range from 25 cps to 175 cps.

Clause 362: The method of any of clauses 286 to 361, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid value in the range of more than 0 KOH/mg to 45 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 1 KOH/mg mg to 40 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 3 KOH/mg to 35 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 5 KOH/mg to 30 KOH/mg.

Clause 363: The method of any of clauses 286 to 362, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least 3, such as at least 4, such as at least 5, such as at least 6, such as at least 7, such as at least 8 different hydrocarbon chains in the polyurethane polymer backbone.

Clause 364: The method of any of clauses 286 to 363, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises a hydrocarbon chain of 5 carbon atoms or greater, such as 8 carbon atoms or greater, such as 10 carbon atoms or greater , such as 15 carbon atoms or greater, such as 20 carbon atoms or greater.

Clause 365: The method of any of clauses 286 to 364, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

Clause 366: The method of any of clauses 286 to 365, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of step growth polymerization.

Clause 367: The method of any of clauses 286 to 366, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of condensation polymerization.

Clause 368: The method of any of clauses 286 to 367, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 369: The method of clause 368, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% by weight to 45 % in crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 101 weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 370: The method of any of clauses 368 to 369, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

Clause 371: The method of clause 370, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 372: The method of any of clauses 370 to 371, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the neutralizing amine in an amount in the range from more than 0% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.1 % by weight up to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 5% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion of polyurethane.

Clause 373: The method of any of clauses 368 to 372, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

Clause 374: The method of clause 373, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

Clause 375: The method of clause 374, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

Clause 376: The method of any of clauses 374 to 375, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, l,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl) cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, l,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophorone diamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or a combination thereof.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

Clause 377: The method of any of clauses 375 to 376, where

- 102 the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range from 1,000 KOH/mg to 2,500 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,100 KOH/mg to 2,300 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,200 KOH /mg up to 2,100 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,300 KOH/mg to 1,900 KOH/mg.

Clause 378: The method of any of clauses 375 to 377, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, such as at least 5 amine groups.

Clause 379: The method of any of clauses 375 to 378, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as 8 amine groups, such as 6 amine groups.

Clause 380: The method of any of clauses 375 to 379, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the amine chain extender in an amount in the range of more than 0% by weight up to 3% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 381: The method of any of clauses 368 to 380, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

Clause 382: The method of clause 381, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range from 53% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight , such as in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 383: The method of any of clauses 285 to 382, ​​wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxy.

Clause 384: The method of any of clauses 285 to 383, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene , an emulsion thereof or some combination thereof.

Clause 385: The method of any of clauses 285 to 384, where

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 103 the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax or some combination thereof.

Clause 386: The method of any of clauses 285 to 385, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

Clause 387: The method of clause 386, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, such as in the range from 50% to 75% by weight, such as in the range from 50% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 388: The method of any of clauses 386 to 387, wherein the aqueous medium comprises a solvent in an amount from more than 0% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 25 % by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 389: The method of clause 388, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, an alcohol ether glycol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a pyrrolidone or a combination thereof.

Clause 390: The method of any of clauses 285 to 389, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

Clause 391: The method of any of clauses 285 to 390, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

Clause 392: The method of any of clauses 285 to 391, where

- 104 the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

Clause 393: The method of clause 392, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 394: The method of any of clauses 392 to 393, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxylated soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol , and combinations thereof.

Clause 395: The method of any of clauses 392 to 394, wherein the coating composition comprises the plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 4% by weight up to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 396: The method of any of clauses 285 to 395, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

Clause 397: The method of clause 396, wherein the coating composition comprises the viscosity modifier in an amount in the range of 0.05% by weight to 20% by weight, or 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight, or 0.1% by weight up to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 398: The method of any of clauses 285 to 397, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

Clause 399: The method of clause 398, wherein the coating composition comprises the hydrophobic agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 400: The method of any of clauses 285 to 399, wherein the coating composition further comprises a cross-linker.

Clause 401: The method of clause 400, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine, a polycarbodiimide, an epoxysilane, a melamine, a crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 105 polyisocyanate or a combination thereof.

Clause 402: The method of any of clauses 400 to 401, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine.

Clause 403: The method of any of clauses 400 to 402, wherein the cross-linker comprises tris(2-methyl-l-aziridine propionate) trimethylolpropane.

Clause 404: The method of any of clauses 400 to 403, wherein the coating composition comprises the crosslinker in an amount in the range of 0.05% by weight to 30% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight up to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 405: The method of any of clauses 285 to 404, wherein the coating composition comprises a double cure coating composition.

Clause 406: A protected substrate, comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; and a temporary burn-off protective layer placed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer, or some combination thereof, wherein the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

Clause 407: The protected substrate of clause 406, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer comprising an aqueous polyurethane and/or a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, a layer of epoxy comprising a polymeric material with epoxy functionality, or a combination thereof.

Clause 408: The protected substrate of clause 406 or 407, wherein the temporary protective layer that is burned off comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 pm.

Clause 409: The substrate protected by any of clauses 406 to 408, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 106 Clause 410: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 409, where the protected substrate does not include a temporary protective sheet placed on the surface.

Clause 411: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 410, wherein the temporary protective layer that is burned off is an outermost layer of the flat substrate.

Clause 412: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 411, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer is placed over the entire surface and at least a portion of one edge of the substrate.

Clause 413: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 412, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer is burn-off at a temperature of at most 1000°C.

Clause 414: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 413, wherein the burning of the heat treatment process comprises the burning of the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning without substantial damage to the surface.

Clause 415: The substrate protected by any of clauses 406 to 414, where the heat treatment does not cause the surface to have a color change (DECMC) of more than 3 units compared to a color of an identical substrate without the temporary protective layer that is burned off after the heat treatment process.

Clause 416: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 415, further comprising a functional coating placed between the surface and the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning.

Clause 417: The protected substrate of clause 416, wherein the functional composition comprises a low E coating layer.

Clause 418: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 417, wherein the temporary protective layer that is burned off comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C and at most 600°C.

Clause 419: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 418, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a formed polyurethane

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΩΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 107 from a two-component system, or a combination of them.

Clause 420: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 419, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 421: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 420, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer further comprises additional components including plasticizers, cross-linkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared radiation absorbing substances ( IR), adhesion modifiers, substances that absorb UV radiation, pigments, surfactants, hydrophobic agents or a combination thereof.

Clause 422: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 421, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a thermoset resin system.

Clause 423: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 422, wherein the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning is curable by UV radiation.

Clause 424: A protected substrate, comprising: a flat substrate comprising a surface; and a temporary burn-off protective layer placed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer, or a combination thereof, wherein the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

Clause 425: The protected substrate of clause 424, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 426: The protected substrate of any of clauses 424 to 425, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 427: The protected substrate of any of clauses 424 to 426, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a protective film.

crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 108 Clause 428: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 427, wherein the temporary protective layer that is burned off comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination of them.

Clause 429: The protected substrate of any of clauses 406 to 428, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

Clause 430: The protected substrate of clause 429, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

Clause 431: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 430, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

Clause 432: The protected substrate of clause 431, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oily polyol.

Clause 433: The protected substrate of clause 432, wherein the oily polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

Clause 434: The protected substrate of clause 433, wherein at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid used to form the oily polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, coconut oil hemp seed, tung oil, canola oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid or a combination thereof.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 109 Clause 435: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 434, wherein the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid has an iodine value in the range from 70 to 250, such as in the range from 80 to 225, such as in the range from 90 to 210, such as in the range from 100 to 200.

Clause 436: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 435, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol comprises the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount ranging from 80% by weight to 97% by weight, such as in the range from 85% by weight to 96%, such as in the range from 90% by weight to 95% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyol oily

Clause 437: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 436, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or combinations thereof.

Clause 438: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 437, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

Clause 439: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 438, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol comprises the at least one polyol in an amount ranging from 1% by weight to 25% by weight, such as in the range from 2% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 440: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 439, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol further comprises a catalyst.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 110 Clause 441: The protected substrate of clause 440, wherein the catalyst used to form the oily polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, calcium naphthenate zinc, barium naphthenate, iron naphthenate, lithium neodecanoate or a combination thereof.

Clause 442: The protected substrate of any of clauses 440 to 441, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol comprises the catalyst in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 443: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 442, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least 3 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 4 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 444: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 443, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Clause 445: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 444, wherein the oily polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 446: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 445, wherein the oily polyol comprises a hydroxyl value in the range of from 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as from 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/ mg, such as from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 447: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 446, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the oily polyol in an amount ranging from 30% by weight to 65% by weight, such crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 111 as in the range from 35% by weight to 60% by weight, such as in the range from 40% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 45% by weight to 50% by weight, based in the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 448: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 447, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

Clause 449: The protected substrate of clause 448, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

Clause 450: The protected substrate of clause 449, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol , 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 451: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 450, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

Clause 452: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 451, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol comprises the at least one polyol in an amount ranging from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 55% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 78% by weight, or in the range from 65% by weight to 75% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 453: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 452, wherein the at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, acid fumaric, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, crcp anhydride Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 112 maleic, italic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride or a combination thereof.

Clause 454: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 453, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of from 20% by weight to 50% by weight or in the range from 20% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range from 23% by weight to 40% by weight, or in the range from 25% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 455: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 454, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

Clause 456: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 455, wherein the polyester polyol comprises a carbon chain of 2 to 25 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 10 to 14 carbon atoms.

Clause 457: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 456, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least four ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

Clause 458: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 457, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 459: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 458, wherein the polyester polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 460: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 459, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg up to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΩΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 113 Clause 461: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 460, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyester polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 462: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 461, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

Clause 463: The protected substrate of clause 462, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

Clause 464: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 463, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

Clause 465: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 464, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3- butylene glycol, 1,3propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 466: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 465, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, such as at least 5 ether bonds.

Clause 467: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 466, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 114 Clause 468: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 467, wherein the polyether polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 469: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 468, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg up to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 470: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 469, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyether polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 15% by weight, such such as in the range from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 471: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 470, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

Clause 472: The protected substrate of clause 471, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid-functional polyol.

Clause 473: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 472, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2 ,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxylbutanedioic acid or a combination thereof.

Clause 474: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 473, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three groups of carboxylic acid, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 475: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 474, crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 115 wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 476: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 475, wherein the acid-functional polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 477: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 476, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the acid-functional polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 478: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 477, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 479: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 478, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 480: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 479, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 481: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 480, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises meta-phenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, 4-diisocyanate ,4-biphenylene, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4trimethyl-l,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1 ,10-decamethylene, 1,4cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylbis(isocyanatocyclohexane), l-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5trimethylcyclohexane or a combination thereof.

Clause 482: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 481, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 116 Clause 483: The protected substrate of clause 482, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; wherein the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uretdione or a combination thereof.

Clause 484: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 483, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least 5 isocyanate groups.

Clause 485: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 484, wherein the polyisocyanate does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 486: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 485, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g/eq to 225 g/eq, such as in the range of 90 g/eq to 200 g/eq, such as in the range from 100 g/eq to 190 g/eq, such as in the range from 110 g/eq to 175 g/eq.

Clause 487: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 486, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 20% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 25% by weight to 45% by weight, such as in the range from 30% to 40% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 488: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 487, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol in the range of from 10:1 to 1: 1, such as in the range from 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range from 7:1 to 3:1, such as in the range from 6:1 to 4:1.

Clause 489: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 488, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the acid-functional polyol in the range

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 117 from 2:1 to 1:2, such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.4:1 to 1.2 :1.

Clause 490: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 489, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the oily polyol to the polyisocyanate in the range of from 2:1 to 1:1.25, such such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.3:1 to 1.2:1.

Clause 491: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 490, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane bond, such as at least two urethane bonds, such as at least three urethane bonds, such as at least 5 urethane bonds, such as at least 10 urethane bonds, such as at least 20 urethane bonds.

Clause 492: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 491, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least 5 ester bonds.

Clause 493: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 492, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least 5 ether bonds.

Clause 494: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 493, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea linkage, such as at least two urea linkages, such as at least three urea linkages, such as at least 5 urea bonds.

Clause 495: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 494, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Clause 496: The protected substrate of clause 495, where the crcp group Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 118 ethylenically unsaturated is pending from the main structure of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 497: The protected substrate of any of clauses 495 to 496, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is provided on a carbon chain of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, such as on a carbon chain of 8 to 25 carbon atoms , such as in a carbon chain of 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

Clause 498: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 497, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups. carboxylic acid, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 499: The protected substrate of clause 498, where the carboxylic acid group is attached to the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 500: The protected substrate of any of clauses 498 to 499, wherein the carboxylic acid functional group is provided on a carbon chain of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 8 atoms of carbon, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

Clause 501: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 500, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range from 5,000 g/mol to 60,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 10,000 g /mol up to 50,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 15,000 g/mol to 45,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 20,000 g/mol to 40,000 g/mol.

Clause 502: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 501, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C up to 10°C, such as in the range from -10°C to 0°C.

Clause 503: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 502, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range from 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range from 20 cps to 200 cps, such as in range from 25 fps to 175 fps.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 119 Clause 504: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 503, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid value in the range from more than 0 KOH/mg to 45 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1 KOH/mg to 40 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 3 KOH/mg to 35 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 5 KOH/mg to 30 KOH/mg.

Clause 505: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 504, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least 3, such as at least 4, such as at least 5, such as at least 6, such as at least 7, such as at least 8 different hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 506: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 505, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises a hydrocarbon chain of 5 carbon atoms or greater, such as 8 carbon atoms or greater, such as 10 carbon atoms or greater, such as 15 carbon atoms or greater, such as 20 carbon atoms or greater.

Clause 507: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 506, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

Clause 508: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 507, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of step growth polymerization.

Clause 509: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 508, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of condensation polymerization.

Clause 510: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 509, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 511: The protected substrate of clause 510, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% by weight to 45% by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 120 polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 512: The protected substrate of any of clauses 510 to 511, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

Clause 513: The protected substrate of clause 512, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 514: The protected substrate of any of clauses 512 to 513, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the neutralizing amine in an amount in the range from more than 0% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 5% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion of polyurethane.

Clause 515: The protected substrate of any of clauses 510 to 514, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

Clause 516: The protected substrate of clause 515, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

Clause 517: The protected substrate of clause 516, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

Clause 518: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 517, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl )cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane , l,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophorone diamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 519: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 518, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH/mg to 2,500 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 1,100 KOH/mg mg to crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 121 2,300 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,200 KOH/mg to 2,100 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,300 KOH/mg to 1,900 KOH/mg.

Clause 520: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 519, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, such as at least 5 amine groups.

Clause 521: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 520, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, such as up to 6 amine groups.

Clause 522: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 521, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the amine chain extender in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 3% by weight, such as in range from more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 523: The protected substrate of any of clauses 510 to 522, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

Clause 524: The protected substrate of clause 523, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range from 53% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 525: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 524, wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxy.

Clause 526: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 525, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, an emulsion thereof or some combination thereof.

Clause 527: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 526, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone,

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 122 polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax or some combination thereof.

Clause 528: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 527, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

Clause 529: The protected substrate of clause 528, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, such as in the range from 50% to 75% by weight, such as range from 50% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight up to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 530: The protected substrate of any of clauses 528 to 529, wherein the aqueous medium comprises a solvent in an amount from more than 0% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 25% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 531: The protected substrate of clause 530, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, an ether glycol alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a hydrocarbon aliphatic, a pyrrolidone or a combination thereof.

Clause 532: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 531, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

Clause 533: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 532, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

Clause 534: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 533, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΩΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 123 Clause 535: The protected substrate of clause 534, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 536: The protected substrate of any of clauses 534 to 535, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxylated soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol and combinations thereof.

Clause 537: The protected substrate of any of clauses 534 to 536, wherein the coating composition comprises the plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 4% by weight. weight up to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 538: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 537, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

Clause 539: The protected substrate of clause 538, wherein the coating composition comprises the viscosity modifier in an amount ranging from 0.05% by weight to 20% by weight, or 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight, or 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 540: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 539, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

Clause 541: The protected substrate of clause 540, wherein the coating composition comprises a hydrophobic agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65 % by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 542: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 541, wherein the coating composition further comprises a cross-linker.

Clause 543: The protected substrate of clause 542, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine, a polycarbodiimide, an epoxysilane, a crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 124 melamine, a polyisocyanate or a combination thereof.

Clause 544: The protected substrate of any of clauses 542 to 543, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine.

Clause 545: The protected substrate of any of clauses 542 to 544, wherein the cross-linker comprises tris(2-methyl-laziridine propionate) trimethylolpropane.

Clause 546: The protected substrate of any of clauses 542 to 545, wherein the coating composition comprises the crosslinker in an amount in the range of 0.05% by weight to 30% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight up to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 547: The protected substrate of any of clauses 428 to 546, wherein the coating composition comprises a double cure coating composition.

Clause 548: A method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a planar substrate comprising a surface; and applying a material to form a temporary burn-off protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof, wherein the temporary protective layer that is removed by burning is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

Clause 549: The method of clause 548, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system or a combination thereof.

Clause 550: The method of any of clauses 548 to 549, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 551: The method of any of clauses 548 to 550, wherein the flat substrate comprises glass.

Clause 552: The method of clause 548 to 551, further comprising: preparing the material by means of emulsion, wherein the material is dispersed in water or in crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 125 an aqueous medium.

Clause 553: A method of removing a temporary burn-off protective layer from a coated substrate, comprising: providing a coated substrate comprising a surface on a portion of which a temporary burn-off protective layer is applied, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxy layer or a combination thereof; and removing the temporary burn-off protective layer from the surface by burning the temporary burn-off protective layer to form an unprotected substrate without substantially damaging the surface.

Clause 554: The method of clause 553, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

Clause 555: The method of any of clauses 553 to 554, wherein the epoxy layer comprises a polymeric material with epoxy functionality.

Clause 556: The method of any of clauses 553 to 555, wherein the coated substrate comprises coated glass.

Clause 557: The method of any of clauses 553 to 556, wherein the coated substrate is heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the temporary protective layer that is burned off the surface.

Clause 558: The method of any of clauses 548 to 557, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system or a combination thereof.

Clause 559: The method of any of clauses 548 to 558, wherein the temporary burn-off protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

Clause 560: The method of clause 559, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 126 Clause 561: The method of any of clauses 558 to 560, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition containing a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least a polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

Clause 562: The method of clause 561, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oily polyol.

Clause 563: The method of clause 562, wherein the oily polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

Clause 564: The method of clause 563, wherein the at least one oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid used to form the oily polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, cottonseed, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, coconut oil hemp seed, tung oil, cannon oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid or a combination thereof.

Clause 565: The method of any of clauses 563 to 564, wherein the oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, such as in the range of 80 to 225, such as the range from 90 to 210, such as in the range from 100 to 200.

Clause 566: The method of any of clauses 563 to 565, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol comprises oil and/or unsaturated fatty acid in an amount ranging from 80% by weight to 97% by weight , such as in the range from 85% by weight to 96%, such as in the range from 90% by weight to 95% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 567: The method of any of clauses 563 to 566, where crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 127 the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol , 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or combinations thereof.

Clause 568: The method of any of clauses 563 to 567, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oily polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols .

Clause 569: The method of any of clauses 563 to 568, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol comprises the at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 25% by weight, such as in the range from 2% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reagent mixture used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 570: The method of any of clauses 563 to 569, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol further comprises a catalyst.

Clause 571: The method of clause 570, wherein the catalyst used to form the oily polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate , barium naphthenate, iron naphthenate, lithium neodecanoate or a combination thereof.

Clause 572: The method of any of clauses 570 to 571, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol comprises the catalyst in an amount in the range of more than 0% by weight up to 2% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the oily polyol.

Clause 573: The method of any of clauses 562 to 572, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least 3 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 4 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 128 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 574: The method of any of clauses 562 to 573, wherein the oily polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Clause 575: The method of any of clauses 562 to 574, wherein the oily polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 576: The method of any of clauses 562 to 575, wherein the oily polyol comprises a hydroxyl value in the range of from 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as from 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg , such as from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 577: The method of any of clauses 562 to 576, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the oily polyol in an amount in the range of 30% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range from 35% by weight to 60% by weight, such as in the range from 40% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 45% by weight to 50% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 578: The method of any of clauses 561 to 577, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

Clause 579: The method of clause 578, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reagents comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

Clause 580: The method of clause 579, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol, or combinations thereof.

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 129 Clause 581: The method of any of clauses 579 to 580, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as minus four polyols.

Clause 582: The method of any of clauses 579 to 581, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 50% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 55% by weight to 80% by weight, or in the range from 60% by weight to 78% by weight, or in the range from 65% by weight to 75% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 583: The method of any of clauses 579 to 582, wherein the at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid , isophthalic acid, italic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride or a combination thereof.

Clause 584: The method of any of clauses 579 to 583, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% by weight to 50% by weight, or in the range from 20% by weight to 45% by weight, or in the range of 23% by weight to 40% by weight, or in the range from 25% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyester polyol.

Clause 585: The method of any of clauses 578 to 584, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

Clause 586: The method of any of clauses 578 to 585, wherein the polyester polyol comprises a carbon chain of 2 to 25 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as carbon chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 10 to 14 carbon atoms.

Clause 587: The method of any of clauses 578 to 586, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester linkage, such as at least two ester linkages, such as at least three ester linkages, such as at least minus four

CRCP ίη/ΖΖΠΖ/Ε/ΥΙΛΙ

- 130 ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

Clause 588: The method of any of clauses 578 to 587, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 589: The method of any of clauses 578 to 588, wherein the polyester polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 590: The method of any of clauses 578 to 589, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 591: The method of any of clauses 578 to 590, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyester polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 592: The method of any of clauses 561 to 591, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

Clause 593: The method of clause 592, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

Clause 594: The method of any of clauses 592 to 593, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

Clause 595: The method of any of clauses 592 to 594, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 131 neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or combinations thereof.

Clause 596: The method of any of clauses 592 to 595, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether linkage, such as at least two ether linkages, such as at least two ether linkages, such as at least least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, such as at least 5 ether bonds.

Clause 597: The method of any of clauses 592 to 596, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 598: The method of any of clauses 592 to 597, wherein the polyether polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 599: The method of any of clauses 592 to 598, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH/mg to 250 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH/mg to 200 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 90 KOH/mg to 180 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 100 KOH/mg to 150 KOH/mg.

Clause 600: The method of any of clauses 592 to 599, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polyol comprises the polyether polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 601: The method of any of clauses 561 to 600, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

Clause 602: The method of clause 601, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid-functional polyol.

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- 132 Clause 603: The method of any of clauses 601 to 602, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3 -dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxylbutanedioic acid or a combination thereof.

Clause 604: The method of any of clauses 601 to 603, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups. carboxylic acid, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 605: The method of any of clauses 601 to 604, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises at least 2 hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least 5 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

Clause 606: The method of any of clauses 601 to 605, wherein the acid-functional polyol does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 607: The method of any of clauses 601 to 606, wherein the reagent mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the acid-functional polyol in an amount ranging from more than 0% by weight to 20% by weight, such such as in the range from 1% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 3% by weight to 12% by weight, such as in the range from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 608: The method of any of clauses 561 to 607, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 609: The method of any of clauses 561 to 608, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

Clause 610: The method of any of clauses 561 to 609, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

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- 133 Clause 611: The method of any of clauses 561 to 610, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises meta-phenylene diisocyanate, para-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylbis(isocyanatocyclohexane), l-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5trimethylcyclohexane or a combination thereof.

Clause 612: The method of any of clauses 561 to 611, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

Clause 613: The method of clause 612, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; wherein the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uretdione or a combination thereof.

Clause 614: The method of any of clauses 561 to 613, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least 5 isocyanate groups.

Clause 615: The method of any of clauses 561 to 614, wherein the polyisocyanate does not comprise additional functional groups.

Clause 616: The method of any of clauses 561 to 615, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g/eq to 225 g/eq, such as in the range of 90 g/eq to 200 g/eq, such as in the range from 100 g/eq to 190 g/eq, such as in the range from 110 g/eq to 175 g/eq.

Clause 617: The method of any of clauses 561 to 616, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the polyisocyanate in an amount in the range from 15% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range from 20% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 25% by weight to 45% by weight, such as in the range from 30% to 40% by weight, based on the weight of total solids of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer.

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- 134 Clause 618: The method of any of clauses 592 to 617, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the polyether polyol in the range from 10:1 to 1 :1, such as in the range from 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range from 7:1 to 3:1, such as in the range from 6:1 to 4:1.

Clause 619: The method of any of clauses 601 to 618, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the polyester polyol to the acid-functional polyol in the range of from 2:1 to 1: 2, such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

Clause 620: The method of any of clauses 562 to 619, wherein the mixture of reagents used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of the oily polyol to the polyisocyanate in the range of from 2:1 to 1:1.25, such as in the range from 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range from 1.3:1 to 1.2:1.

Clause 621: The method of any of clauses 559 to 620, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane linkage, such as at least two urethane links, such as at least three urethane links, such as at least at least 5 urethane bonds, such as at least 10 urethane bonds, such as at least 20 urethane bonds.

Clause 622: The method of any of clauses 559 to 621, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least minus 5 ester bonds.

Clause 623: The method of any of clauses 559 to 622, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ether linkage, such as at least two ether linkages, such as at least three ether linkages, such as at least minus 5 ether bonds.

Clause 624: The method of any of clauses 559 to 623, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea linkage, such as at least

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- 135 two urea bonds, such as at least three urea bonds, such as at least 5 urea bonds.

Clause 625: The method of any of clauses 559 to 624, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as as at least 5 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Clause 626: The method of clause 625, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is attached to the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 627: The method of any of clauses 625 to 626, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated group is provided in a carbon chain of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, such as in a carbon chain of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, such as in a carbon chain of 10 to 20 carbon atoms.

Clause 628: The method of any of clauses 559 to 627, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three acid groups carboxylic, such as at least 5 carboxylic acid groups.

Clause 629: The method of clause 628, wherein the carboxylic acid group is attached to the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 630: The method of any of clauses 628 to 629, wherein the carboxylic acid functional group is provided on a carbon chain of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 8 carbon atoms , such as a carbon chain of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as a carbon chain of 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

Clause 631: The method of any of clauses 559 to 630, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range from 5,000 g/mol to 60,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 10,000 g/mol mol to 50,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 15,000 g/mol to 45,000 g/mol, such as in the range from 20,000 g/mol to 40,000 g/mol.

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- 136 Clause 632: The method of any of clauses 559 to 631, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range from 30°C to 20°C, such as in the range from -20°C up to 10°C, such as in the range from -10°C to 0°C.

Clause 633: The method of any of clauses 559 to 632, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range from 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range from 20 cps to 200 cps, such as in the range from 25 fps to 175 fps.

Clause 634: The method of any of clauses 559 to 633, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid value in the range of more than 0 KOH/mg to 45 KOH/mg, such as in the range of 1 KOH/mg. mg to 40 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 3 KOH/mg to 35 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 5 KOH/mg to 30 KOH/mg.

Clause 635: The method of any of clauses 559 to 634, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least 3, such as at least 4, such as at least 5, such as at least 6, such as at least 7, such as at least 8 different hydrocarbon chains in the polyurethane polymer backbone.

Clause 636: The method of any of clauses 559 to 635, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises a hydrocarbon chain of 5 carbon atoms or greater, such as 8 carbon atoms or greater, such as 10 carbon atoms or greater, such as 15 carbon atoms or greater, such as 20 carbon atoms or greater.

Clause 637: The method of any of clauses 559 to 636, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

Clause 638: The method of any of clauses 559 to 637, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of step growth polymerization.

Clause 639: The method of any of clauses 559 to 638, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed by means of condensation polymerization.

Clause 640: The method of any of clauses 559 to 639, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising crcp Ln/zznz/E/YiAi

- 137 the polyurethane polymer.

Clause 641: The method of clause 640, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% by weight to 45 % by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 30% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 642: The method of any of clauses 640 to 641, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

Clause 643: The method of clause 642, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 644: The method of any of clauses 642 to 643, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the neutralizing amine in an amount in the range from more than 0% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 0.1 % by weight up to 8% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 5% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion of polyurethane.

Clause 645: The method of any of clauses 640 to 644, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

Clause 646: The method of clause 645, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

Clause 647: The method of clause 646, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

Clause 648: The method of any of clauses 646 to 647, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2 -yl)cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, crcp Ln/ zznz/E/YiAi

- 138 1,6-diaminopropane, l,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, diamine isophorone, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or a combination thereof.

Clause 649: The method of any of clauses 646 to 648, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range from 1,000 KOH/mg to 2,500 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,100 KOH/mg up to 2,300 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,200 KOH/mg to 2,100 KOH/mg, such as in the range from 1,300 KOH/mg to 1,900 KOH/mg.

Clause 650: The method of any of clauses 646 to 649, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, such as at least 5 amine groups.

Clause 651: The method of any of clauses 646 to 650, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, such as up to 6 amine groups.

Clause 652: The method of any of clauses 646 to 651, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the amine chain extender in an amount in the range of more than 0% by weight up to 3% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 2% by weight, such as in the range from more than 0% by weight to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 653: The method of any of clauses 646 to 652, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

Clause 654: The method of clause 653, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range from 53% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight , such as in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

Clause 655: The method of any of clauses 558 to 654, wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxy.

Clause 656: The method of any of clauses 558 to 655, where

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- 139 the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, an emulsion thereof or some combination thereof.

Clause 657: The method of any of clauses 558 to 656, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or some combination of them. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax or some combination thereof.

Clause 658: The method of any of clauses 558 to 657, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

Clause 659: The method of clause 658, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range from 50% by weight to 80% by weight, such as in the range from 50% to 75% by weight, such as in the range from 50% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range from 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 660: The method of any of clauses 658 to 659, wherein the aqueous medium comprises a solvent in an amount from more than 0% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 25 % by weight, such as in the range from 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 5% by weight weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

Clause 661: The method of clause 660, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, an ether glycol alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon , a pyrrolidone or a combination thereof.

Clause 662: The method of any of clauses 558 to 661, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

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- 140 Clause 663: The method of any of clauses 558 to 662, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

Clause 664: The method of any of clauses 558 to 663, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

Clause 665: The method of clause 664, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol or a combination thereof.

Clause 666: The method of clause 665, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxylated soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, and combinations of the same.

Clause 667: The method of any of clauses 664 to 666, wherein the coating composition comprises a plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 4% by weight up to 40% by weight, such as in the range from 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 668: The method of any of clauses 558 to 667, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

Clause 669: The method of clause 668, wherein the coating composition comprises the viscosity modifier in an amount in the range of 0.05% by weight to 20% by weight, or 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight, or 0.1% by weight up to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 670: The method of any of clauses 558 to 669, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

Clause 671: The method of clause 670, wherein the coating composition comprises the hydrophobic agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range from 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

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- 141 Clause 672: The method of any of clauses 558 to 671, wherein the coating composition further comprises a cross-linker.

Clause 673: The method of clause 672, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine, a polycarbodiimide, an epoxysilane, a melamine, a polyisocyanate or a combination thereof.

Clause 674: The method of any of clauses 672 to 673, wherein the cross-linker comprises a polyaziridine.

Clause 675: The method of any of clauses 672 to 674, wherein the cross-linker comprises tris(2-methyl-l-aziridine propionate) trimethylolpropane.

Clause 676: The method of any of clauses 672 to 675, wherein the coating composition comprises the cross-linker in an amount in the range of 0.05% by weight to 30% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, such as 0.1% by weight up to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

Clause 677: The method of any of clauses 558 to 676, wherein the coating composition comprises a double cure coating composition.

Although the invention has been described in detail for purposes of illustration based on what are currently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it will be understood that this detail is for that purpose only and that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. but, on the contrary, it is intended to encompass modifications and equivalent distributions that are within the spirit and scope of the attached claims. For example, it will be understood that the present invention contemplates that, to the extent possible, one or more features of any embodiment may be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment.