Polymeric material for container.

(54) Title: POLYMERIC MATERIAL FOR CONTAINER.

(54) Title: POLYMERIC MATERIAL FOR CONTAINER.

(57) Summary

A package is configured to contain a product in an interior region formed in the package. The package includes an inner layer arranged to define the inner region and an outer layer. The package is formed using a blow molding process in which a multilayer parison is blow molded so that the package is formed. The multi-layer parison is formed in an extrusion process in which various extruders are arranged to co-extrude the associated inner and outer parisons in order to create the multi-layer parison.

(57) Abstract

A vessel is configured to hold a product in an interior region formed in the vessel. The vessel ineludes an inner layer arranged to define the interior region and an outer layer. The vessel is formed using a blow-molding process in which a multiple layer paris is blow molded to form the vessel. The multiple layer paris is formed in an extrusion process in which a number of extruders are arranged to co-extrude associated inner and outer parisons to establish the multiple layer parison.

POLYMERIC MATERIAL FOR CONTAINER

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This patent application claims the priority, pursuant to Article 119 (e), Title 35 of the United States Code, of the Provisional Application of the States

United States Serial No. 61 / 872,260, filed August 30, 2013, the US Provisional Application. Serial No. 61 / 872,368, filed on August 30, 2013, and U.S. Provisional Application 10. Serial No. 61 / 872,183, filed on August 30, 2013, each of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure relates to containers and in particular to containers made of polymeric materials. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to containers made using a blow molding process.

COMPENDIUM

In accordance with the present disclosure, parisons can be formed from polymeric materials. The parisons can be expanded using a blow molding process to make a container.

In illustrative embodiments, a parison includes an inner layer, an outer layer, and a core layer made from insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material. The parison is then expanded using a blow molded process to make a multi-layer container that includes associated layers, namely an inner layer, an outer layer, and a compressed core layer. In realizations

<img file="MX2016002604A_D0001.tif" />

Illustrative, a density of the multilayer container may vary from a parison density by about 20% or less.

Additional features of the present disclosure become apparent to those skilled in the art when considering illustrative embodiments that exemplify the best mode of performing the disclosure as conceived herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The detailed description refers particularly to the attached figures, in which:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an exemplary apparatus for forming an exemplary parison showing that the exemplary parison includes an outer layer, a central layer, and

<td>a</td><td colspan="3">inner layer and that the</td><td colspan="2">apparatus comprises a</td><td>extruder</td><td>of</td>

<td>cap</td><td>external,</td><td>a</td><td>extruder</td><td>of</td><td>central layer, a</td><td>extruder</td><td>of</td>

<td>cap</td><td>internal and</td><td>a</td><td>nozzle</td><td>of</td><td>co-extrusion;</td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>Fig. 2</td><td>is</td><td colspan="2">a view on</td><td>partial lift</td><td>expanded</td><td>of</td>

the circled region of Fig. 1 showing that the exemplary parison includes the outer layer, the central layer including a plurality of expanded cells, and the inner material layer;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a multilayer container formed using a container manufacturing process from the exemplary parison shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial elevation view of the circled region of FIG. 3 showing that the multi-layer container includes the outer layer, a compressed core layer, and the inner layer;

FIG. 5 is an illustrative and diagrammatic view of a container manufacturing process in accordance with the present disclosure used to form the multi-layer container of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the container manufacturing process of FIG. 5 showing the various steps included in the container manufacturing process used to form an exemplary multilayer container; and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an unassembled density determining apparatus showing the components (clockwise starting at the top left) of the holder, platform, suspension bracket, and suspension spacer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A multilayer container 22 in accordance with the present disclosure is manufactured from a multilayer parison 12 during a container manufacturing process 100 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The multilayer parison 12 includes 20 an inner layer 14, a central layer 16 and an outer layer

18. The inner layer 14 and outer layer 18 can be made from polymeric materials. The central layer 16 is made, for example, from an insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material including cells 20 filled with 25 gas. The inclusion of cells 20 in multilayer parison 12 provides a lower core material density and a lower overall parison density than would be achieved in the absence of cells 20.

The multilayer parison 12 can be transformed into a multilayer container 22 having an inner layer 14, a central layer 16 and an outer layer 18 during an illustrative container manufacturing process 100. In the course of transforming a multilayer parison 12 into a multilayer container 22, some cells 20 included in the central layer 16 of the multilayer tube 12 (also called multilayer parison 12) may collapse or explode, resulting in a central container layer 16 multilayer 22 having a higher density than the central layer of multilayer parison 12 and a multilayer container 22 which as a whole has a higher density than multilayer parison 12. A relationship between the density of the container and the density of the parison can be established in a range of about 1.0 to about 1.2. Collapse and damage of cells in the center layer of multilayer container 22 can be minimized when the ratio of container density to parison density is in the range of about 1.0 to about 1.2.

An exemplary apparatus 10 for forming a multilayer parison 12, as well as an exemplary multilayer parison 12 thus formed is shown in Fig. 1. Multilayer parison 12 has three layers of material, namely inner layer 14, center layer and an outer layer. A side wall portion of the multilayer parison 12 including an inner layer 14, central layer 16 and outer layer 18, where the central layer 16 is located between the inner layer 14 and the outer layer 18 is shown in Fig. 2.

Apparatus 10 includes an inner layer extruder 24, a center layer extruder 26, an outer layer extruder 28 and a co-extrusion die 30 is shown for example in Fig. 1. Each of extruders 24, 26, 28 is configured to receive the raw material used to form the corresponding layers 14, 16, 18 and to process the raw material for extrusion through the co-extrusion die 30 to produce the multilayer parison 12.

For example, each of the extruders 24, 26, 28 can receive polymeric raw material or other granular base material or other suitable shape. Each of the extruders 24, 26, 28 can also receive additives in a suitable form. Such additives can be used as colorants, lubricants, nucleating agents, blowing agents, and the like. Each of the extruders 24, 26, 28 can be configured with heaters to melt the base material and any additives provided thereto and mixers to mix the molten base material with any such additives. The molten base material, together with any additives mixed or dissolved therein, can be supplied under pressure to the co-extrusion die 30 and forced through, thereby forming a multi-layer parison 12. Reference is made in this 15 to United States Application No.

Series 14 / 331,066, filed on July 14, 2014 and entitled POLYMERIC MATERIAL FOR CONTAINER for disclosure regarding possible material formulations. Reference is hereby made to United States Provisional Application 20 Serial No. 61 / 872,260, filed on August 30, 2013 and titled MULTILAYER PIPE AND PROCESS TO PREPARE IT, and United States Application No. Series _____________________, presented on September 2, 2014 and titled MULTILAYER TUBE AND PROCESS TO PREPARE IT for the disclosure referring to the operation of extruders 24, 26, 28 and co-extrusion nozzle to make a multilayer parison 12.

Herein is described a multilayer parison 12 having three layers and hereinafter described an apparatus 10 30 configured to make a three layer parison. Other exemplary parisons could have additional material layers and another exemplary apparatus could be configured to form the additional material layers of such parisons. For example, other exemplary multilayer parisons could have one or more than one oxygen barrier layer, an oxygen scavenging layer, a UV barrier layer, an adherent layer, and / or structural layers in addition to inner layer 14, core layer 16 and outer layer 18.

As described above, exemplary multilayer parison 12 includes an inner layer 14, central layer 16, and outer layer 18. In an exemplary embodiment, inner layer 14 and outer layer 18 are formed from a polypropylene material. In other exemplary embodiments, the inner layer 14 and outer layer 18 can be formed from other materials, for example, other polymeric materials. Inner layer 14 and outer layer 18 can be formed of similar material or different materials.

In an exemplary embodiment, core layer 16 is formed from an insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material including gas cells 20 entrapped within a layer of base material, eg, polyethylene base material. Cells 20 can provide insulating properties and / or reduce the density of multilayer parison 12 and / or a multilayer container formed therefrom. The insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material can be formed by mixing a nucleating agent, eg, talc, in a polymeric base material and injecting a blowing agent, eg, nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas, into the polymeric base material mixture. and nucleating agent under pressure so that the blowing agent dissolves in the base material. The blowing agent can be injected into the base material and nucleating agent mixture under pressure in a core layer extruder cylinder portion 26. Once the pressure is released, for example, when the material exits the coolant nozzle Extrusion 30, the blowing agent leaves the solution and expands around nucleation sites provided by the nucleating agent, thus forming cells 20 in the central layer 16.

The multilayer parison 12 can take the form of an exemplary multilayer container 22, as illustrated in Fig. 3, using a container manufacturing process 100. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the container manufacturing process 100 may involve in step 102 forming a multi-layer parison 12, in step 104 placing a hot multi-layer parison 12 formed by the apparatus 10 in a blow mold 32 and closing the mold 32, in step 106 pressurizing the interior region of the multilayer parison 12 with a pressurized fluid 34, thus causing the multilayer parison 12 to expand into the shape of a multilayer container 22 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the interior of the blow mold, in step 108 allowing the multilayer container 22 to cool at least partially and then opening the blow mold 32 and in step 110 removing the multi-layer container 22 from the blow mold 32. As suggested above and as illustrated in Fig. 4, the multilayer container 22 thus formed includes a wall having three layers corresponding to the three layers of the multilayer parison 12, namely inner layer 14, central layer 16 and outer layer 18. Reference is made herein to United States Provisional Application Serial No. 61 / 872,183, filed August 30, 2013, entitled CONTAINER AND PROCESS TO PREPARE IT, and United States Application No. Series ______________________, filed on September 2, 2014 and entitled CONTAINER AND PROCESS TO PREPARE IT for disclosure regarding a process for the manufacture of containers.

During the blow molding process, the pressure applied to the multilayer parison 12 by the pressurized fluid can compress the cells 20. While the cells 20 are compressed, the density of the insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material comprising the core layer 16 of the multilayer parison 12 increases as it transforms into core layer 16 of multi-layer container 22. If the multilayer container 22 is allowed to cool to a point where the base / resin material comprising the central layer 16 reaches a generally rigid state, the cells 20 will not be able to re-expand after the pressure applied by the pressurizing fluid is relieved. . Under these circumstances, it follows that the density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer container 22 will be greater than the density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer parison 12 and the density of the multilayer container 22 as a whole will be greater than the density of the multilayer parison. 12 in its entirety.

The pressure applied to the multilayer parison 12 by the pressurized fluid during the blow molding operation can cause one or more cells 20 to explode or collapse. Cells 20 may explode or collapse as a result of the blow molding operation or for other reasons. An accumulation of base material comprising a central layer 16 can accumulate against the inner layer 14 and the outer layer 18 as a result of the cells exploding as illustrated in Fig. 4. Such cell explosion could also result in the density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer container 22 being greater than the density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer parison 12 and the density of the multilayer container 22 as a whole being greater than the density of the multilayer parison 12 in its entirety.

The increase in density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer container 22 compared to the center layer 16 of the multilayer parison 12 can be controlled by the selection of materials comprising the center layer of the multilayer parison 12 and parameters of the container manufacturing process 100 .

In an exemplary embodiment, the density of the center layer of the multilayer parison varies with respect to the density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer container 22 prepared therefrom by no more than about 20%. In other embodiments, the density of the center layer 16 of the multilayer parison varies with respect to the density of the center layer of the multilayer container 22 prepared therefrom by no more than about

19% or 18% or

17% or

16% or 15%

14% or

13% or 12% or 11% or

10% or 9

or. OR

8% or 7% or 6% or

5% or 4% or 3% or 2% or 1%.

The center layer extruder uses a center layer formulation to produce the center layer

16. In one example, the core layer formulation comprises a polyethylene base resin and one or more cell forming agents.

In a core layer extruder 26, the core layer formulation is heated and a cell forming agent is introduced into the molten formulation prior to extrusion of core layer extruder materials 26. As the layer formulation The core exits the extruder, the cells 20 nucleate in the molten material, and the material expands to form a core layer 16 prepared from insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material.

In an exemplary embodiment, a formulation used to produce the insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material includes at least one polymeric material. The polymeric material may include one or more base resins. In one example, the base resin is high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In another example, the base resin is a unimodal HDPE. In another example, the base resin is a HDPE with high resistance to unimodal fusion. In yet another example, the base resin is unimodal, high melt resistance HDPE, such as DOW® HD 41 IP DOWLEX ™ (marketed by The Dow Chemical Company) which had been electron beam modified to provide a branching of long chain and a melt index of approximately 0.25 g / 10 min. Another example of a HDPE with high unimodal fusion resistance is an HDPE copolymer H5520 EQUISTAR® ALATHON® (marketed by Lyondell Chemical Company) that had been electron beam modified to have long chain branching and melt index of approximately 0.25 g / 10 min. Another example of a suitable unimodal HDPE is a HDM HB5502F hexene copolymer FORMOLENE® (available from Formosa Plastics Corporation).

In certain exemplary embodiments, the formulation may include two base resins that are HDPE. An illustrative example of the formulation includes a first base resin of the hexene HDPE copolymer HB5502F FORMOLENE® (marketed by Formosa Plastics Corporation) and a second base resin of the HDPE copolymer H5520 EQUISTAR® ALATHON® (marketed by Lyondell Chemical Company). In embodiments with more than one HDPE copolymer, different HDPE copolymers can be used depending on the desired attributes in the formulation. For example, a formulation may include HDPE H5520 EQUISTAR® ALATHON® and FORMOLENE® HB5502F both electron beam modified. In such an embodiment EQUISTAR® ALATHON® H5520 provides greater resistance to melting that increases the potential for foaming, and has less flexural or brittle modulus. HDM HB5502F FORMOLENE® provides a broad polydispersity index or unimodal distribution and maximizes the economic advantage.

In another example, a formulation includes approximately 50% EQUISTAR® ALATHON® HDPE H5520 and approximately 50% electron beam modified FORMOLENE® HB5502F. The combination together provides a film that has a drop resistance ability associated with an unmodified HDPE resin and increased melt strength of an electron beam modified long chain branched HDPE. Depending on the desired characteristics, the percentage of the two HDPE copolymers can be varied,

P ·

<img file="MX2016002604A_D0002.tif" />

etc. In one embodiment, a formulation includes three HDPE copolymers in the base resin. Again, depending on the desired characteristics, the percentage of three HDPE copolymers can vary, 33% / 33% / 33%, 30% / 30% / 40%, 25% / 25% / 50%, etc.

A core layer formulation can include one or more base resins. The amount of a HDPE base resin can be one of many different values ​​or be in one of many different ranges. It is within the scope of the present disclosure to select an amount of an HDPE base resin having one of the following values: approximately 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5% and 99.9% by weight of the total formulation. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the amount of HDPE base resin in the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the HDPE base resin range is one of the following ranges: approximately 85% to 99.9%, 86% to 99.9%, 87% to 99.9%, 87.5% to 99.9%, 88% to 99.9 %, 89% to 99.9%, 90% to 99.9%, 91% to 99.9%,

92% to 99.9%, 93% to 99.9%, 94% to 99.9%, 95% to 99.9%, 96% to 99.9%, 96.5% to 99.9%, 97% to 99.9% and 98% to 99.9% by weight of the total formulation. In a second set of ranges, the HDPE base resin range is one of the following ranges: approximately 85% to 99.5%, 85% to 99%, 85% to 98%, 85% to 97%, 85% to 96 %, 85% to 96.5%, 85% to 95%, 85% to 94%, 85% to 93%, 85% to 92%, 85% to 91%, 85% to 90%, 85% to 89%, 85% to 88%, 85% to 87% and 85% to 86% by weight of the total formulation. In a third set of ranges, the HDPE base resin range is one of the following ranges: approximately 87.5% to 96.5%, 87.5% to 96%, 87.5% to 95.5%, 87.5% to 95%, 95% to 99 %, 95.5% to 99%, 96% to 99% and 96.5% to 99% by weight of the total formulation. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

Long chain branching refers to the presence of polymeric side chains (branches) that have a length comparable to or greater than the length of the main structure to which the polymeric side chains are attached. The branching of long chains creates tangles in the viscoelastic chain (polymeric tangles) that makes flow difficult during extensional or oriented stretching and generates a phenomenon of strain hardening.

The phenomenon of deformation hardening can be observed using two analytical methods.

The first analytical method used to observe the presence of strain hardening on an extensional rheometer. During an oriented or extensional flow over an extensional rheometer, a strain hardening will occur when polymeric crosslinks do not allow the polymer to flow under linear viscoelastic (LVE) conditions. As a result, these polymeric crosslinks hamper flow and create a deviation from the LVE conditions seen in hook formation. The strain hardening phenomenon becomes more pronounced as strain and strain rate increase due to faster and more pronounced movement of crosslinks between polymer chains. Virgin long chain unbranched polymers will exhibit LVE flow characteristics. In contrast, polymers with long chain branches will exhibit strain hardening, which causes a deviation from the LVE flow characteristics of the virgin polymer that provides hook formation under the same test conditions.

The second analytical method used to observe the presence of long chain branching is to evaluate the melt strength data measured according to ISO 16790, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. There is evidence that a part of the resistance to fusion is directly related to the presence of long chain branches when compared to similar virgin polymers that lack long chain branches. As an example, polypropylene

DAPLOY ™

WB140HMS from

Borealis (marketed with other polymers that have a molecular weight, polydispersity index, and other similar physical characteristics.

The

PP DAPLOY ™ WB140HMS has a melt strength exceeding approximately 36 centi-newtons, while other similar non-branching long chain PP resins have a melt strength of less than approximately 10 centi-newtons.

The formulation used to produce the insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material may additionally include one or more cell-forming agents. Cell forming agents include nucleating agents and blowing agents.

A nucleating agent is used to provide and control nucleation sites in a fused formulation to promote the formation of cells, bubbles, or voids in the molten formulation during extrusion. A blowing agent is used for the cells in the molten material at the grow nucleation points. The blowing agents may be used alone in the formulation or with nucleating agents.

The term nucleating agent refers to a chemical or physical material that provides sites for cells to form in a molten formulation mixture. Nucleating agents can include chemical nucleating agents and physical nucleating agents. The nucleating agent can be mixed with the formulation that is introduced into the extruder hopper. Alternatively, the nucleating agent may be added to the molten resin mix in the extruder.

Suitable physical nucleating agents have adequate particle size, aspect ratio and superior cut properties. Examples include, but are not limited to, talc, CaCO3, mica, and mixtures of at least two of the above. A representative example is Heritage Plastics HT6000 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) talc concentrate.

A core layer formulation can include a physical nucleating agent. The amount of a physical nucleating agent can be one of many different values ​​or be within one of many different ranges. It is within the scope of this disclosure to select an amount of a physical nucleating agent that has one of the following values: approximately 0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25%, 2.5%, 3%, 4%, 5%,

6% and 7% by weight of the total formulation. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the amount of a physical nucleating agent in the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the range of the physical nucleating agent is one of the following ranges: approximately

9 'of

0% to 7%, 0.1% to 7%, 0.25% to 7%, 0.5% to

0.75% to 7%,

1% to 7%, 1.25% to 7%, approximately

1.5% to 7%, 1.75%

7%, 2.0% to 7%, 2.25% to 7%,

2.5% to 7%, 3% as / o,

4% to 7%,

5%

7% and 6% to 7% by weight of the total formulation. In a second set of ranges, the range of the physical nucleating agent is one of the following ranges: approximately 0% to 6%, 0% to 5%, 0% to 4%, 0% to 3%, 0% to

2.5%, 0% to 2.25%, 0% to 2%, 0% to 1.75%, 0% to 1.5%, 0% to 1.25%, 0% to 1%, 0% to 0.75% and 0% to 0.5% by weight of the total formulation. In a third set of ranges, the range of the physical nucleating agent is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.1% to 6%, 0.1% to 5%, 0.1% to 4%, 0.1% to 3.5%, 0.1% to 3% 0.1% to 2.5%, 0.1% to 2.25%, 0.1% to 2%, 0.1% to 1.75%, 0.1% to 1.5%, 0.1% to 1.25%, 0.1% to 1%, 0.1% to 0.75% and 0.1 % to 0.5% by weight of the total formulation. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples. In one embodiment, the formulation lacks talc.

Suitable chemical nucleating agents decompose to create cells in the molten formulation when a chemical reaction temperature is reached. These small cells act as nucleation sites for further cell growth from a physical or other blowing agent. In one example, the chemical nucleating agent is citric acid or a citric acid based material. A representative example is HYDROCEROL ™ CF

40E (marketed by Clariant Corporation), containing citric acid and a crystalline nucleating agent.

A core layer formulation can include a nucleating agent. The amount of a nucleating agent can be one of many different values ​​or be within one of many different ranges. It is within the scope of this disclosure to select an amount of a nucleating agent that has one of the following values: approximately 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3 %, 3.5%, 4%, 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of the total formulation. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the amount of a nucleating agent in the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the range of the nucleating agent is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.1% to 15%, 0.25% to 15%, 0.5% to 15%, 1% to 15%, 1.5% to 15%, 2% to 15%, 2.5% to 15%, 3% to 15%, 3.5% to 15%, 4% to 15%, 4.5% to 15% and 5% to 15% by weight of the total formulation. In a second set of ranges, the nucleating agent range is one of the following ranges: about 0.1% to 10%, 0.25% to 10%, 0.5% to 10%, 0.75% to 10%, 1% to 10%, 1.5% to 10%, 2% to 10%, 2.5% to 10%, 3% to 10%, 3.5% to 10%, 4% to 10%, 4.5% to 10% and 5% to 10% by weight of the total formulation. In a third set of ranges, the range of the nucleating agent is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.1% to 5%, 0.25% to 5%, 0.5% to 5%, 0.75% to 5%, 1% to 5% , 1.5% to 5%, 2% to 5%, 2.5% to 5%, 3% to 5%, 3.5% to 5%, 4% to 5% and 4.5% to 5% by weight of the total formulation. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

A blowing agent refers to a physical or chemical material (or a combination of materials) that acts to expand nucleation sites. Blowing agents can include only chemical blowing agents, only physical blowing agents, combinations thereof, or various types of physical and guimic blowing agents. The blowing agent acts to reduce the density by forming cells in the molten formulation at the nucleation sites. The blowing agent can be added to the molten resin mix in the extruder.

Chemical blowing agents are materials that degrade or react to produce a gas. Chemical blowing agents may be endothermic or exothermic. Chemical blowing agents typically degrade at a certain temperature to decompose and release gas. An example of a chemical blowing agent is citric acid or a citric acid based material. A representative example is HYDROCEROL ™ CF-40E (available from Clariant Corporation), which contains citric acid and a crystalline nucleating agent. In this case, citric acid decomposes at the proper temperature in the molten formulation and forms a gas that migrates to nucleation points and grows cells in the molten formulation. If enough chemical blowing agent is present, the chemical blowing agent can act as both a nucleating agent and a blowing agent.

In another example, chemical blowing agents can be selected from the group consisting of azodicarbonamide; azodiisobutyro-nitrile; benzenesulfonhydrazide; 4,4-oxybenzene sulfonylsemicarbazide; p-toluene sulfonyl semicarbazide; barium azodicarboxylate; N, Ν'-dimethyl-N, Ν'dinitrosoterephthalamide; trihydrazinotriazine; methane; ethane; propane; n-butane; isobutane; n-pentane; isopentane; neopentane; methyl fluoride; perfluoromethane; ethyl fluoride; 1,1-difluoroethane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane; 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane; pentafluoroethane; perfluoroethane; 2,2difluoropropane; 1,1,1-trifluoropropane; perfluoropropane; perfluorobutane; perfluorocyclobutane; methyl chloride;

methylene chloride; Ethyl chloride; 1,1,1-trichloroethane

1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; 1-chloro-l, 1-difluoroethane; 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane;

tetrafluoroethane;

1-chloro-l, 2,2,2-trichloromonofluororethane;

dichlorodifluoromethane;

trichlorotrifluoroethane;

dichlorotetrafluoroethane;

chloroheptafluoropropane;

dichlorohexafluoropropane;

methanol;

ethanol;

n-propanol;

isopropanol;

sodium bicarbonate;

sodium carbonate;

ammonium bicarbonate;

ammonium carbonate;

ammonium nitrite; N, Ν'-dimethyl-Ν, Ν'-dinitrosoterephthalamide; N, N'dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine; azodicarbonamide; azobisisobutyl nitrile; azocyclohexylnitrile;

azodiaminobenzene;

benzene sulfonylhydrazide azodicarboxylate;

toluene sulfonylhydrazide;

p, p'-oxybis (benzene sulfonylhydrazide);

diphenyl sulfone3,3'-disulfonyl hydrazide; calcium azide; 4,4'-diphenyl disulfonylazide; p-toluene sulfonylazide and combinations thereof.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, when a chemical blowing agent is used, the chemical blowing agent may be introduced into the formulation of the material that is added to the hopper.

An example of a physical blowing agent is nitrogen (N₂). The n₂ it is pumped into the molten formulation through an inlet into the extruder as a supercritical fluid. Material melted with N₂ The suspension then leaves the extruder through a nozzle where a pressure drop occurs. As the pressure drops, the N₂ it abandons the suspension and heads towards the nucleation points where the cells grow. Excess gas is expelled after extrusion with the remaining gas trapped in cells formed in the extruded material.

Other suitable examples of physical blowing agents include, but are not limited to, carbon dioxide (CO₂), helium, argon, air, pentane, butane or other mixtures of alkanes of the above components and the like. In an illustrative example, a physical blowing agent can be introduced at a rate of from about 0.02 pounds per hour to about 1.3 pounds per hour. In another illustrative example, the physical blowing agent may be introduced at a rate of from about 0.03 pounds per hour to about 1.25 pounds per hour. In another illustrative example, the physical blowing agent may be introduced at a rate of about 0.03 to about 0.15 pounds per hour. In yet another illustrative example, the physical blowing agent can be introduced at a rate of from about 0.05 pounds per hour to about 0.15 pounds per hour.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, at least one slip agent can be incorporated into the formulation to help increase production rates. Gliding agent (also known as a process aid) is a term used to describe a general class of materials that add to the formulation and provide surface lubrication to the polymer during and after conversion. Gliding agents may also reduce or remove burr from the nozzle. Representative examples of materials that are slip agents include fatty amides or fatty acids such as, without limitation, erucamide and oleamide. In an illustrative aspect, amides from oleyl (C-18 with one unsaturation) to erucylic (C-22 with one unsaturation) may be used. Other representative examples of materials that are slip agents include fluoroelastomers and low molecular weight amides. Combinations of two or more slip agents can be used. The slip agents may be provided in the form of pellets in a main batch and mixed with the resin formulation. An example of a suitable slip agent is Ampacet 102823 PE MB LLDPE process aid.

A core layer formulation can include a slip agent. The amount of a slip agent

<td>can</td><td>to be</td><td>one</td><td>of</td><td>Many</td><td>values</td><td>different or meet</td>

<td>inside</td><td>of</td><td>one</td><td>of</td><td>Many</td><td>ranges</td><td>different. It's found</td>

<td>inside</td><td>of the</td><td colspan="2">scope</td><td colspan="2">of the present</td><td>disclosure select one</td>

amount of a slip agent having one of the following values: approximately 0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25%, 2.5% and 3% by weight of the total formulation. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the amount of a slip agent in the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the slip agent range is one of the following ranges: approximately 0% to 3%, 0.1% to 3%, 0.25% to 3%, 0.5% to 3%, 1% to 3 %, 1.25% to 3%, 1.5% to 3%, 1.75% to 3%, 2% to 3%, 2.25% to 3% and 2.5% to 3% by weight of the total formulation. In a second set of ranges, the slip agent range is one of the following ranges: approximately 0% to 2.5%, 0% to 2%, 0% to 1.75%, 0% to 1.5%, 0% to 1.25% 0.0% to 1%, 0% to 0.75%, 0% to 0.5%, and 0.1% to 2.5% by weight of the total formulation. In a third set of ranges, the slip agent range is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.1% to 2.5%, 0.1% to 2%, 0.1% to 1.75%, 0.1% to 1.5%, 0.1% to 1.25% 0.1% to 1%, 0.1% to 0.75% and 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of the total formulation. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, an impact modifier can be incorporated into the formulation to minimize breakage of the insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material when subjected to an impact such as a drop test. A representative example of a suitable impact modifier is the DOW® AFFINITY ™ PL 1880G polyolefin plastomer.

<td colspan="2">A formulation of</td><td>central layer</td><td>can</td><td colspan="2">include</td><td>a</td>

<td>Colorant. The</td><td>amount of</td><td>a dye</td><td>can</td><td>to be</td><td>one</td><td>of</td>

<td>a lot of values</td><td>different</td><td>or meet</td><td>inside</td><td>of</td><td>one</td><td>of</td>

<td>many ranges</td><td>different.</td><td colspan="2">Within the scope of</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">Present</td>

Disclosure is selecting a quantity of a colorant that has one of the following values: approximately 0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25 %,

2.5%, 3% and 4% by weight of the total formulation. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the amount of a slip agent in the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the range of a dye is one of the following ranges: about 0% to 4%, 0.1% to 4%, 0.25% to 4%, 0.5% to 4%, 1% to 4%, 1.25% to 4%, 1.5% to 4%, 1.75% to 4%, 2% to 4%,

2.25% to 4%, 2.5% to 4% and 3% to 4% by weight of the total formulation. In a second set of ranges, the range of a dye is one of the following ranges: approximately 0% to 3%, 0% to 2.5%, approximately 0% to 2.25%, 0% to 2%, 0% to

1.75%, 0% to 1.5%, 0% to 1.25%, 0% to 1%, 0% to 0.75% and 0% to 0.5% by weight of the total formulation. In a third set of ranges, the slip agent range follows ranges:

3.0%, 0.1% to 2.5%,

0.1% to 1.5%, 0.1% to about a

1.25%, 0.1% to 1%,

0.1% to 2.25%, 0.1

<td>love</td><td>It is one</td><td>of</td><td>the</td>

<td>0.1% a</td><td> 3.5%,</td><td> 0.1%</td><td>to</td>

<td>□ to 2%,</td><td>0.1% a</td><td colspan="2"> 1.75%,</td>

<td>0.1% a</td><td>0.75% and</td><td colspan="2">0.1% a</td>

0.5% by weight of the total formulation. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

In one embodiment, the core layer 16 of cellular insulating non-aromatic polymeric material is located between and coupled to an inner layer 14 and an outer layer 18 to produce a multilayer parison 12. The density may be one of many different values ​​or lie within one of many different ranges. Within the scope of this disclosure is selecting a density and one of the following values: approximately 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9 and 1 g / cm³. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the density of the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the density range is one of the following ranges: about 0.4 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.45 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.5 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.55 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.6 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.65 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.7 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.75 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³, 0.8 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.85 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³ and 0.9 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³. In a second set of ranges, the density range is one of the following ranges: about 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.95 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.9 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.85 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm 'α 0.7 5 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.7 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³a 0.65 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.6 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.55 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.5 g / cm³ and 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.45 g / cm³. Density can be determined according to the density test procedure detailed in Example 5. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

In one embodiment, a multi-layer tube 10 includes a core layer 18 located between the inner and outer layers 14, 16. Within the scope of the present disclosure is selecting a core layer density and one of the following values: about 0.4, 0.45,

0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9 and 1 g / cm³. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the density of the core layer is in one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the range of the density of the central layer is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.4 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.45 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.5 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.55 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.6 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.65 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.7 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.75 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³, 0.8 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³0.85 g / cm³ at 1 g / cm³ and 0.9 g / cm³at 1 g / cm³. In a second set of ranges, the center layer density range is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.95 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.9 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.85 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.75 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.7 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.65 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³at 0.6 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.55 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.5 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.45 g / cm³. In a third set of ranges, the density range is one of the. following ranges: about 0.15g / cm³ a 0.7 5 g / cm³0.15 g / cm³ at 0.7 g / cm³0.2 g / cm³ a 0.65 g / cm³0.25 g / cm³ at 0.6 g / cm³0.3 g / cm³ a 0.55 g / cm³0.3 g / cm³ at 0.5 g / cm³0.3 g / cm³ a 0.45 g / cm³0.3 g / cm³ at 0.4 g / cm³ and 0.3 g / cm³ at 0.35 g / cm³. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples. Density was determined according to the density test procedure detailed in Example 2.

In one embodiment, the insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material is located between and coupled to an inner layer and an outer layer to produce a multilayer parison.

In one embodiment, a multilayer parison is produced. The density of the parison can be one of many different values ​​or fall within one of many different ranges. Within the scope of this disclosure is selecting a density and one of the following values: approximately 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.785 and 0.8 g / cm³. It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the density of the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the density range is one of the following ranges: about 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.45 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.5 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.55 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.6 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.65 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.7 g / cm³at 0.8 g / cm³ and 0.75 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³. In a second set of ranges, the center layer density range is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.75 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.7 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.65 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³at 0.6 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.55 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.5 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.45 g / cm³. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples. Density was determined according to the density test procedure detailed in Example 5.

In one embodiment, a multi-layer parison comprises a central parison. The density of the central parison can be one of many different values ​​or fall within one of many different ranges. Within the scope of this disclosure is selecting a density and one of the following values: approximately 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.785 and 0.8 g / cm³. It is within the scope of this disclosure that the density of the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the density range is one of the following ranges: approximately 0.3 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.35 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.45 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.5 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.55 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.6 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.65 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³0.7 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³ and 0.7 5 g / cm³ at 0.8 g / cm³. In a second set of ranges, the density range is one of the following ranges: about 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.75 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.7 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.65 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.6 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ a 0.55 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³ at 0.5 g / cm³, 0.4 g / cm³a 0.45 g / cm³. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples. Density was determined according to the density test procedure detailed in Example 5.

The formulation of the core layer material can have an effect on the ratio of the density of the container to the density of the parison and / or the density of the center layer of the container to the density of the core layer of the parison. Some factors that may be relevant to such a formulation may include the amounts of physical blowing agents used. For example, the preceding density ratios may be proportional to the amount of talc used as a blowing agent. Other factors that may be relevant include extruder temperatures, extruder pressures, nozzle pressures, nozzle temperatures, thicknesses of each layer in the multilayer tube thickness between layers prepared from relatively density insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric materials low and relatively high density polymeric materials, additives included in the formulation of the core layer material, levels of blown air, blown air pressures, mold temperatures, blown air time, cycle time, multilayer tube weight, multilayer tube thickness, nozzle swell, blower ratio, and any combination thereof.

Conventional blow molding techniques may involve the use of pressurizing fluid at pressures of approximately 70 pounds per square inch. In an exemplary embodiment, the formation of the multilayer parison 12 in the multilayer container 22 is performed using a blow molding process that involves the use of pressurizing fluid at pressures of approximately 35 pounds per square inch. In other exemplary embodiments, higher or lower fluid pressures can be used.

The density of the core layer relative to the density of the core parison can be one of many different values ​​or fall within one of many different ranges. Selecting a density and one of the following values ​​is within the scope of this disclosure: approximately 1, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04 and 1.05 g / cm³. It is within the scope of this disclosure that the density of the formulation falls within one of several different ranges. In a first set of ranges, the range of the density of the central layer with respect to the density of the central parison is one of the following ranges: approximately 1.0 to 2.0, 1.01 to 2.0,

<td>1.02 a</td><td> 2.0,</td><td>1.03 a</td><td colspan="2"> 2.0, 1.04</td><td>to 2.0, 1.05</td><td>to 2.0, 1.1</td><td>to 2.0,</td>

<td>1.15 to</td><td> 2.0,</td><td>1.2 to 2</td><td> .0, 1.25</td><td>to</td><td>2.0, 1.3 to 2.</td><td>.0, 1.35 to 2</td><td> .0, 1.4</td>

<td>to 2.0,</td><td> 1.45</td><td>to 2.0,</td><td>1.5 to 2</td><td> • 0,</td><td>1.55 to 2.0,</td><td>1.6 to 2.0,</td><td>1.65 to</td>

2.0, 1.7 to 2.0, 1.75 to 2.0, 1.8 to 2.0, 1.85 to 2.0, 1.9 to 2.0 and 1.95 to 2.0. In a second set of ranges, the range of the density of the central layer with respect to the density of the central parison is one of the following ranges: approximately 1.01 to 1.95, 1.01 to 1.9, 1.01 to 1.85, 1.01 to 1.8, 1.01 to 1.75, 1.01 to 1.7, 1.01 to 1.65, 1.01 to 1.6, 1.01 to 1.55, 1.01 to 1.5, 1.01 to 1.45, 1.01 to 1.4, 1.01 to 1.35, 1.01 to 1.3, 1.01 to 1.25, 1.01 to 1.2, 1.01 to approximately 1.15 ,

1.01 to 1.1, 1.01 to 1.05, 1.01 to 1.04, 1.01 to 1.03 and 1.01 to

1.02. Density can be determined according to the density test procedure detailed in Example

5. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

The density of the container with respect to the density of the tube can be one of many different values ​​or be within one of many different ranges.

It is within the scope of this disclosure to select a density and approximately 1,

1.01, 1.02, one of the following values:

1.03, 1.04 and 1.05 g / cm³. It is within the scope of this disclosure that the density of the formulation falls within one of several different ranges.

In a first set of ranges, the range of the density of the central layer with respect to the density of the parison is one of the following ranges: approximately

1.01 to 1.9, 1.02 to 1.9, 1.03 to 1.9, 1.04 to 1.9,

1.1 to 1.9, 1.15 to

1.9, 1.2 to 1.9, 1.25 to 1.9, 1.3 central

<td>1.0 a</td><td> 1-9,</td>

<td>1.05 a</td><td> 1.9,</td>

<td>to 1.9,</td><td> 1.35</td>

1.6 a

1.9, to 1.9, 1.4 to 1.9,

1.45 to 1.9, 1.5 to 1.9, 1.55

1.9, 1.65 a

1.9,

1.7 to 1.9, 1.75 to 1.9, 1.8 to

1.9 and

1.9. In a second set of ranges, the range of the density of the central layer with respect to the density of the central parison is one of the following ranges:

about 1.01 to

1.01

1.8, 1.01 a

1.75,

1.01 to

1.7, 1.01 to 1.65, 1.01 to 1.6,

1.01

1.55,

1.01 to 1.5,

1.01 to

1.45, 1.01 to 1.4, 1.01 to 1.35, 1.01 to 1.3,

1.01 to 1.25,

1.01 to 1.2, 1.01 to approximately 1.15,

1.01 to

1.1,

1.01 to

1.05,

1.01 to 1.04, 1.01 to 1.03 and 1.01 to

1.02.

Density can be determined according to the density test procedure detailed in Example 5. Each of these values ​​and ranges is represented in the Examples.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a multi-layer package, the method comprising the following steps (a) extruding an inner layer formulation, a center layer formulation and an outer layer formulation to form an internal parison, an outer parison and a central parison configured to have a different central parison density than each of an inner parison density of the inner parison and an outer parison density of the outer parison, (b) aligning the inner parison, the central parison and the outer parison to make the central parison sit between the inner parison and the outer parison to make the central parison surround the inner parison and be surrounded by the outer parison to form a multilayer tube, (c) placing the multilayer tube in a mold cavity formed in a mold, (d) forming a multilayer container having an inner region formed therein by expanding the multilayer tube within the mold such that the outer parison engages an inner surface of the mold, and wherein the central parison of the multilayer tube is transformed into a central layer of the container having a central layer density that allows collapse and damage to the cells in the central layer of the multilayer container to be minimized.

It will be understood that in step (b) the multi-layer parison is extruded in the form of a multi-layer tube in which the central parison surrounds the inner parison and the outer parison surrounds the central parison.

In one embodiment, in step (b), the inner parison, the central parison, and the outer parison from step (a) are aligned such that the central parison is located between the inner parison and the outer parison, and the aligned parisons are coextruded then to form the multilayer tube.

In one embodiment, the outer and inner parisons each comprise a high-density polymeric material. Conveniently, the high-density polymeric material is a high-density polyethylene or polypropylene.

Suitably, the polypropylene used in any of the liner layers is a high rigidity polypropylene. Most suitably, the polypropylene used in any of the liner layers is a high impact polypropylene. Even more conveniently, the polypropylene used in any of the coating layers is a DOW® D 207.03 Developmental Performance Polypropylene resin or a DOW® DC 7067.00 Impact Polypropylene Copolymer. Reference is hereby made to the US Application. No. Series 14 / 468,789, filed on August 26, 2014 and entitled POLYMERIC MATERIAL FOR A CONTAINER, for disclosure in relation to polypropylene used in any of the coating layers in accordance with this disclosure, the application of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In a particular embodiment, the outer and inner parisons are formed from a polypropylene that is selected from DOW® D 207.03 Developmental Performance Polypropylene Resin and / or DOW® DC 7067.00 Impact Polypropylene Copolymer.

In one embodiment, the polyethylene used in any of the inner and outer parisons is a copolymer of hexane-1 and high-density ethylene. In one embodiment, the high-density polyethylene is a copolymer of hexene and HDPE. In a particular embodiment, the high density polyethylene is the FORMOLENE® HB5502F hexene and HDPE copolymer (marketed by Formosa Plastics Corporation).

Alternatively, the polyethylene used in any of the internal and external parisons may be HHM 5502 BN from Chevron Phillips MARLEX®.

In a certain embodiment, one or both of the inner and outer layers comprise a high-density polymeric material as defined above and a colorant. As an example, one or both of the inner and outer layers can

<td>understand a 95 -</td><td> 99.9%</td><td>(p / p)</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">a polymeric material of</td>

<td>high density such</td><td>how</td><td>I know</td><td>he has</td><td>defined in the</td><td>Present</td>

<td>above, and a</td><td> 0.1 -</td><td> 5%</td><td>(p / p)</td><td>of a dye</td><td>. In a</td>

<td>realization, one or</td><td>both</td><td>of</td><td>the</td><td>inner layers and</td><td>external</td>

<td>can understand</td><td>a 97</td><td> -</td><td> 99.9^:</td><td>% (w / w) of a</td><td>material</td>

high-density polymer, as defined herein above, and 0.1-3% (w / w) of a dye. In a further embodiment, one or both of the inner and outer layers may comprise 98-99.5% (w / w) of a high-density polymeric material, as defined herein above, and 0.5-2% (w / w) of a dye. The relatively high-density polymeric material can be a HD5 HB2502F FORMOLENE® hexene copolymer (sold by Formosa Plastics Corporation) and the dye can be a 11933-19 COLORTECH® titanium oxide dye (sold by COLORTECH®, a PPM Company ).

In some examples, the inner layer formulation and the outer layer formulation may be the same. In other examples, the inner layer formulation and the outer layer formulation may be different.

The core formulation is suitably as defined above. In one embodiment, the core formulation comprises:

- 99.9% (w / w) of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), as defined herein;

0.1-15% (w / w) of a nucleating agent, as defined herein;

0-3% (w / w) of a slip agent, as defined herein; and

- 4% (w / w) of a dye, as defined herein.

<td>In</td><td>a</td><td>realization</td><td>additional formulation</td><td>central</td>

<td colspan="2">understands:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td> 97</td><td>- 99.9% (p / p)</td><td>of a high polyethylene</td><td>density</td>

<td>(HDPE),</td><td>such</td><td>how do you define yourself</td><td>at the moment;</td><td></td>

<td></td><td> 0.</td><td colspan="2">1-3% (w / w) of a nucleating agent, such</td><td>how I know</td>

defined herein;

0-3% (w / w) of a slip agent, as defined herein; and

- 3% (w / w) of a dye, as defined herein.

In a further embodiment, the core formulation comprises:

- 99.9% (w / w) of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), as defined herein;

0.1-2% (w / w) of a nucleating agent, as defined herein;

0-2% (w / w) of a slip agent, as defined herein; and

0-2% (w / w) of a dye, as defined herein.

Suitably, in step (d) the expansion of the multilayer tube is achieved by blow molding the multilayer tube using techniques known in the art.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multilayer container obtainable, obtained or directly obtained by a process defined herein.

The following examples illustrate certain core layer formulations and characteristics of parisons and multi-layer containers including core layers prepared from such formulations.

The following numbered sections include embodiments that are contemplated and not exhaustively:

Paragraph 1. A method of producing a multilayer container, the method comprising the following steps: extruding an inner layer formulation, a center layer formulation, and an outer layer formulation to form an inner parison, outer parison, and central parison configured to have a central parison density different from each of an internal parison density of the internal parison and an external parison density of the external parison, align the internal parison, the central parison and the outer parison to make the central parison sit between the inner parison and the outer parison to make the central parison surround the inner parison and be surrounded

<td>by the parison</td><td>. external</td><td>to form</td><td>a tube</td><td>multilayer,</td><td></td>

<td>place</td><td>The tube</td><td>multilayer</td><td>in a</td><td>cavity of</td><td>mold</td>

<td>formed in a</td><td>mold, and</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>expand</td><td>The tube</td><td>multilayer</td><td colspan="2">to cause the</td><td>tube</td>

multilayer is deformed so that the outer parison mates with an inner surface of the mold and a multilayer container is provided having an inner region formed therein and to transform the central parison into a central layer having a center layer density which it results from minimizing the collapse and damage of the cells in the central layer of the multilayer container.

Section 2. The method according to any other section, where a ratio between the density of the central layer and the density of the central parison is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 2.0.

Section 3. The method according to any other section, where a ratio between the density of the central layer and the density of the central parison is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 1.5.

Section 4. The method according to any other section, where a relation between the density of the central layer and the density of the central parison is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 1.25.

Section 5. The method according to any other section, where a ratio between the density of the central layer and the density of the central parison is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 1.1.

Section 6. The method according to any other section, where a ratio between the density of the central layer and the density of the central parison is approximately 1.

Section 7. The method according to any other section, where the multilayer container has a container density, the multilayer tube has a tube density, and a ratio between the density of the container and the density of the tube is in a range from about 1.0 to about 1.9.

Section 8. The method according to any other section, where the ratio between the density of the container and the density of the tube is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 1.5.

Section 9. The method according to any other section, where the ratio between the density of the container and the density of the tube is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 1.25.

Section 10. The method according to any other section, where the ratio between the density of the container and the density of the tube is in a range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 1.1.

Section 11. The method according to any other section, where the ratio between the density of the container and the density of the tube is approximately 1.

Item 12. The method according to any other item, wherein during the expansion step, the inner parison is transformed into an inner layer of the multilayer container having an inner layer density and the inner layer density is approximately the same as the density of the internal parison.

Section 13. The method according to any other section, where during the expansion step, the outer parison is transformed into an outer layer of the multilayer container having an outer layer density and the outer layer density is approximately the same as the density of the external parison.

Section 14. The method according to any other section, wherein the multilayer container further comprises a layer selected from the group consisting of an oxygen barrier layer, an oxygen scavenging layer, a UV barrier layer, a adherent layer, an additional structural layer and combinations thereof.

Section 15. The method according to any other section, where each of the inner layer, outer layer and central layer comprise a polymeric material.

Item 16. The method according to any other item, wherein the core layer polymeric material is an insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material.

Item 17. The method according to any other item, wherein the insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material comprises gas cells trapped in a layer of the base material.

Section 18. The method according to any other section, wherein the polymeric material comprises polypropylene.

Section 19. The method according to any other section, where the polypropylene has a resistance to fusion greater than 36 cN.

Section 20. The method according to any other section, where the multilayer container is a bottle.

Section 21. The method according to any other section, where the multilayer formulation comprises a polyethylene.

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 22.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

<td>apart in</td><td>where</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">polyethylene</td><td>is a</td><td colspan="2">polyethylene</td><td>high</td>

<td colspan="2">density (HDPE).</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 23.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

<td colspan="2">section where the</td><td>HDPE</td><td>is a</td><td colspan="4">hexene and HDPE copolymer</td><td> •</td>

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 24.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

section, where the formulation of the central layer comprises one or more base resins of (HDPE).

Section 25. The section method, where HDPE is

Section 26. The method

<td>polyethylene</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">high density</td>

<td>agree</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

<td>unimodal.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>agree</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

section, where unimodal HDPE is a unimodal HDPE with high resistance to fusion.

Section 27. The method according to any other section, where the unimodal HDPE with high resistance to fusion is modified by electron beam.

Section 28. The method according to any other

<td>section where the</td><td>HDPE</td><td>unimodal</td><td>of</td><td colspan="2">high resistance to</td><td>the</td>

<td>modified fusion</td><td colspan="2">by beam</td><td>of</td><td>electrons</td><td>has</td><td>a</td>

<td colspan="2">chain branching</td><td>long and</td><td>a</td><td>index of</td><td>fusion</td><td>of</td>

<td>about 0.25</td><td>g / 10</td><td>min.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

Section 29. The method according to any other section, where said or said HDPE base resins are two HDPE base resins.

Section 30. The method according to any other section, where the two polyethylene base resins are 50% of each base resin.

Section 31. The method according to any other section, where the base resins are 50%. of a unimodal HDPE and 50% of an HDPE modified by electron beam.

Section 32. The method according to any other section, where the formulation of the central layer comprises from approximately 85% to 99.9% (w / w) of HDPE base resin.

Section 33. The method according to any other section, where the formulation of the central layer comprises from approximately 97% to approximately 99.9% of HDPE base resin.

Section 34. The method according to any other section, where the formulation of the central layer comprises from approximately 98% to approximately 99.9% of HDPE base resin.

Item 35. The method of any other item, wherein the core layer formulation comprises a nucleating agent.

Section 36. The method according to any other section, wherein the nucleating agent is a chemical nucleating agent, a physical nucleating agent or both a chemical nucleating agent and a physical nucleating agent. '

Section 37. The method according to any other section, where the nucleating agent constitutes approximately between 0.1% and 15% (w / w) of the formulation of the central layer.

Section 38. The method according to any other section, where the physical nucleating agent is selected from the group consisting of talc, calcium carbonate, mica and mixtures of these.

Section 39. The method according to any other section, wherein the physical nucleating agent constitutes up to approximately 7% (w / w) of the formulation of the central layer.

Section 40. The method according to any other section, where the physical nucleating agent constitutes approximately between 0.1% and 0.5% (w / w) of the formulation of the central layer.

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 41.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

<td>apart, in &lt;</td><td>where</td><td>the .</td><td colspan="5">physical nucleating agent is talc.</td><td></td>

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 42.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

<td>apart in</td><td>where</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">formulation</td><td>of the</td><td>cap</td><td colspan="2">central lacks</td>

<td>talc.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 43.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

<td>apart in</td><td>where</td><td>the</td><td>agent</td><td colspan="5">chemical nucleant is an agent</td>

<td>blowing.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 44 .</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>agreement</td><td>with</td><td>any</td><td>other</td>

section, where the blowing agent is citric acid or a citric acid based material.

Section 45. The method according to any other section, wherein the chemical blowing agent is a citric acid and a crystalline nucleating agent.

Item 46. The method according to any other item, wherein the chemical blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of azodicarbonamide; azodiisobutyronitrile; benzenesulfonhydrazide; sulfonylsemicarbazide

4,4-oxybenzene; p-toluene sulfonyl semicarbazide; barium azodicarboxylate; N, N'-dimethyl-N, N'dinitrosoterephthalamide; trihydrazinotriazine; methane; ethane;

propane; n-butane; isobutane; n-pentane; isopentane; neopentane; methyl fluoride; perfluoromethane; ethyl fluoride; 1,1-difluoroethane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane; 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane; pentafluoroethane; perfluoroethane; 2,2difluoropropane; 1,1,1-trifluoropropane; perfluoropropane; perfluorobutane; perfluorocyclobutane; methyl chloride; methylene chloride; Ethyl chloride; 1,1,1-trichloroethane;

1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane; 1-chloro-l, 1-difluoroethane; 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane;

tetrafluoroethane;

1-chloro-l, 2,2,2-trichloromonofluoromethane;

dichlorodifluoromethane;

trichlorotrifluoroethane;

dichlorotetrafluoroethane;

chloroheptafluoropropane;

diolorohexafluoropropane;

methanol;

ethanol;

n-propanol;

isopropanol;

sodium bicarbonate;

sodium carbonate;

ammonium bicarbonate;

ammonium carbonate;

ammonium nitrite; N, N'-dimethi1-N, N'-dinitrosoterephthalamide; N, N'dinitrosopentamethylenedtetramine; azodicarbonamide; azobisisobutyl nitrile; azocyclohexylnitrile;

azodiaminobenzene;

benzene sulfonylhydrazide azodicarboxylate;

toluene sulfonylhydrazide;

p, p'-oxybis (benzene sulfonylhydrazide);

diphenyl sulfone38

3,3'-disulfonyl hydrazide; calcium azide; 4,4'-diphenyl disulfonylazide; and p-toluene sulfonylazide.

Section 47. The method according to any other section, wherein the central layer formulation further comprises a physical blowing agent.

Section 48. The method according to any other section, where the physical blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, argon, air, an alkane, and mixtures of these.

Section 49. The method according to any other section, where the alkane is pentane or butane.

Item 50. The method of any other item, wherein the core layer formulation further comprises a slip agent.

Section 51. The method according to any other section, wherein the slip agent constitutes approximately between 0% and 3% (w / w) of the formulation of the central layer.

Item 52. The method according to any other item, wherein the slip agent is a fatty amide or fatty acid, a low molecular weight or fluoroelastomer amide.

Item 53. The method according to any other item, wherein the fatty acid amide is a simple unsaturated Cis to C22 amide.

Section 54. The method according to any other section, where the fatty acid amide is erucamide or oleamide.

Section 55. The method of any other section, wherein the central layer formulation further comprises a colorant.

Section 56. The method according to any other section, where the dye is titanium dioxide.

<td>pulled apart</td><td> 57.</td><td>The</td><td>method</td><td>of</td><td>according to any</td><td>other</td>

<td>apart in</td><td>where</td><td>the</td><td colspan="2">Colorant</td><td colspan="2">constitutes about</td>

<td>between 0%</td><td>and a</td><td> 4%</td><td>(p / p)</td><td>of</td><td>the formulation of the</td><td>cap</td>

<td>central.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

Example 1

Formulation and extrusion

HDM HB5502F FORMOLENE ™ Hexene Copolymer from FORMOSA PLASTICS® was used as the polyethylene base resin. The polyethylene base resin was mixed with HYDROCEROL® CF 40E as a chemical blowing agent and N₂ as a nucleating agent. The percentages were approximately:

99.25% Hexane HDPE Copolymer HB5502F FORMOLENE ™

0.75% HYDROCEROL® CF 40E

HDPE and nucleating agents were added to an extruder hopper and mixed to provide a formulation. The formulation was then heated in the extruder to form a molten formulation. Next, the blowing agent was added to the molten formulation at a rate of approximately:

0.1 lbs / hr

The n₂ was injected into the molten formulation to expand the molten formulation and reduce the density of the nucleating agent and polymer mixture. The resulting expanded formulation was then extruded through a die head to establish a parison. The inner and outer polymeric layers were also extruded through the nozzle head, locating the expanded formulation between them to form a multilayer parison 12. The multilayer parison 12 was then blow molded to form the multilayer container 22.

Test results

The multilayer parison had a density of approximately 0.688 g / cm³. The multilayer parison 12 was blow molded to form a container having a density of approximately 0.723 g / cm³. The ratio between the density of the container and the density of the parison, therefore, was approximately 1,051.

Example 2

Formulation and extrusion

HDM HB5502F FORMOLENE ™ hexane copolymer from FORMOSA PLASTICS® was used as the polyethylene base resin. The polyethylene base resin was mixed with HYDROCEROL® CF 40E as a nucleating agent, LLDPE HT6000 talc-based concentrate from Heritage Plastics as an additional nucleating agent and N₂ as a blowing agent. The percentages were approximately:

98.75% HDPE HB5502F FORMOLENE ™ Hexane Copolymer

0.75% HYDROCEROL® CF 40E

0.5% talc concentrate based on LLDPE Heritage Plastics HT6000

HDPE and nucleating agents were added to an extruder hopper and mixed to provide a formulation. The formulation was then heated in the extruder to form a molten formulation. Next, the blowing agent was added to the molten formulation at a rate of approximately:

0.125 lbs / hr

The n₂ was injected into the molten formulation to expand the molten formulation and reduce the density of the nucleating agent and polymer mixture. The resulting expanded formulation was then extruded through a die head to establish a parison. The inner and outer polymeric layers were also extruded through the nozzle head, locating the expanded formulation between them, to form a multilayer parison.

Test results

The multilayer parison had a density of approximately 0.568 g / cm³. The multilayer parison was blow molded to form a container having a density of approximately 0.606 g / cm³. The ratio between the density of the container and the density of the parison, therefore, was approximately 1,067.

Example 3

Formulation and extrusion

HDM HB5502F FORMOLENE ™ hexane copolymer from FORMOSA PLASTICS® was used as the polyethylene base resin. The polyethylene base resin was mixed with HYDROCEROL® CF 40E as a chemical blowing agent and N₂ as a nucleating agent. The percentages were approximately:

98.00% HDPE HB5502F FORMOLENE ™ Hexane Copolymer

2.00% HYDROCEROL® CF 40E

HDPE and nucleating agents were added to an extruder hopper and mixed to provide a formulation. The formulation was then heated in the extruder to form a molten formulation. Next, the blowing agent was added to the molten formulation at a rate of approximately:

0.125 lbs / hr.

The n₂ was injected into the molten formulation to expand the molten formulation and reduce the density of the nucleating agent and polymer mixture. The resulting expanded formulation was then extruded through a die head to establish a parison. The inner and outer polymeric layers were also extruded through the nozzle head, locating the expanded formulation between them, to form a multilayer parison.

Test results

The multilayer parison had a density of approximately 0.416 g / cm³. The multilayer parison was blow molded to form a container having a density of approximately 0.481 g / cm³. The ratio between the density of the container and the density of the parison, therefore, was approximately 1,157.

Example 4

Formulation and extrusion

HDPE hexane copolymer

FORMOSA PLASTICS® was mixed with HDPE

HB5502F FORMOLENE ™ de

DOW® IP 41 DOWLEX ™ (marketed by The Dow Chemical

Company) which had been modified by electron beam to provide long chain branches and a melt index of approximately 0.25 g / 10 min for use as the polyethylene base resins. The polyethylene base resin mix was mixed with

HYDROCEROL® CF

40E as a nucleating agent, concentrated talc based

Heritage LLDPE HT6000

Plastics as an additional nucleating agent and N₂ as a blowing agent.

The percentages were approximately:

24.6875% hexane copolymer

HDPE

HB5502F

FORMOLENE ™

74.0625% HDPE IP

Modified DOWLEX ™

0.75% of

HYDROCEROL®

CF

40E

0.5% talc concentrate based on

LLDPE Heritage

Plastics HT6000.

The base resins and nucleating agents were added to an extruder hopper and mixed to provide a formulation. The formulation was then heated in the extruder to form a molten formulation. Next, the blowing agent was added to the molten formulation at a rate of approximately:

0.125 lbs / hr.

The n₂ was injected into the molten formulation to expand the molten formulation and reduce the density of the nucleating agent and polymer mixture. The resulting expanded formulation was then extruded through a die head to establish a parison. The inner and outer polymeric layers were also extruded through the nozzle head, locating the expanded formulation between them, to form a multilayer parison.

Test results

The multilayer parison had a density of approximately 0.568 g / cm³. The multilayer parison was blow molded to form a container having a density of approximately 0.606 g / cm³. The ratio between the density of the container and the density of the parison, therefore, was approximately 1,067.

Example 5

Density measurements

This Example demonstrates the test used to measure the density of filled and unfilled polymeric parts.

Process

Density was determined by the apparatus shown, unassembled, in Fig. 7. Although not shown in Fig. 7, the apparatus also includes a thermometer to measure the temperature of the liquid in the suspension. A suspension liquid is a fluid with a density lower than that of the sample to be measured. The sample must be immersed in the suspended fluid to determine the density of the sample. Water has a density of 1 g / cm³, so most unfilled polymers require some other suspended fluid such as isopropyl alcohol, density = 0.8808 g / cm³. A Mettler AT400 balance (Mettler-Toledo LLC, Columbus, OH) was also used.

The density of a limestone filled HDPE bottle was measured. After zeroing the balance, the dry solid sample was weighed after placing it in the Mettler balance cuvette. The dry weight was 0.3833 g. After weighing the dry sample and before removing the sample from the cuvette, the balance was again tared. The sample was removed from the cuvette and placed on the gem carrier in the suspension fluid. The sample was weighed and the weight was obtained with a negative value (-0.3287 g). The number became its absolute value (0.3287 g); the positive value represents the buoyancy of the sample. The density of the sample was calculated by multiplying the dry weight (0.3833 g) by the buoyancy of the sample (0.3287 g) and by the density of the fluid in suspension (0.8808. G / cc), which resulted in 1.0272 g / cc .

Example 6

Formulation and extrusion

In some examples, the core layer formulation 48 comprised a HDM HB5502F hexene copolymer FORMOLENE® from FORMOSA PLASTICS® as a first material of a polyolefin base resin. In additional examples, the core layer formulation 48 comprised Borealis DAPLOY ™ WB140HMS polypropylene (PP) (available from Borealis AG) as the first material. In additional examples, the core layer formulation 48 comprised DOW® HD 41 IP DOWLEX ™ (marketed by The Dow Chemical Company) which had been electron beam modified to provide long chain branching and a melt index of approximately 0.25 g / 10 min as the first material.

In some examples, the polyolefin base resin further comprised a polypropylene homopolymer resin, F020HC, available from Braskem, as a secondary material of a polyolefin base resin. In additional examples, the HDPE copolymer H5520 EQUISTAR® ALATHON® (available from Lyondell Chemical Company) was used as the secondary material. In additional examples, the EQUISTAR® ALATHON® HDPE copolymer H5520 (marketed by Lyondell Chemical Company), electron beam modified to have long chain branches and a melt index of approximately 0.25 g / lOmin, was used as the secondary material .

In some examples, the polyolefin base resin was mixed with HYDROCEROL® CF 40E as a chemical blowing agent and nucleating agent. In additional examples, talc concentrate based on LLDPE Heritage Plastics HT6000 was added as a nucleating agent. N was used₂ as a blowing agent.

In some examples, the polyolefin base resin was also mixed with Ampacet 102823 PE MB LLDPE process aid. In additional examples, Heritage Plastics HT4P was added as a nucleating agent. In additional examples, the blowing agent was used at levels between about 0.01 lbs / hr to about 1.25 lbs / hour.

In additional examples, the polyolefin base resin was mixed with DOW® AFFINITY ™ PL 1880G polyolefin plastomer as an impact modifier. In additional examples, 11933-19 COLORTECH® was added as a colorant.

Blowing agent, N₂, was injected into the molten formulation to expand the molten formulation and reduce the density of the nucleating agent and polymer mixture. The resulting expanded formulation was then extruded through a die head to establish a center-layer parison. The inner and outer layers were extruded through the nozzle head, locating the expanded formulation between them, to form a multilayer tube. The multilayer tube was molded to form a container according to the present disclosure.

The formulations described by this Example are detailed in Table 1.

Table 1. Comparison of different formulations of insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material of Example 10 6.

<td>Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td> 2^or Resin</td><td>Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [lb / h one</td>

<td>Versali te T3 R2</td><td>81.45% Borealis</td><td>fifteen% Braskem.</td><td>0.05% CF- 40E</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.751 N2</td>

<td>Versali te T3 R3</td><td>81.45% Borealis</td><td>fifteen% Braskem</td><td>0.05% CF- 40E</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.750 N2</td>

<td>Versali te T3 R4</td><td>81.45% Borealis</td><td>fifteen% Braskem</td><td>0.05% CF- 40E</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.750 N2</td>

<td>Versali you T3 R5</td><td>81.45% Borealis</td><td>fifteen% Braskem</td><td>0.05% CF- 40E</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.740 N2</td>

<td>Versali you T3 R6</td><td>81% Borealis</td><td>fifteen% Braskem</td><td>0.5% CF- 40E</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.740 N2</td>

<td>Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td>2nd Resin</td><td colspan="2">Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [Ib / h ]</td>

<td>Versali</td><td> 81%</td><td> 15%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 1.0</td>

<td>you T3 R7</td><td>Borealis</td><td>Braskem</td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace t</td><td>Color ch</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td>Versali</td><td> 80.5%</td><td> 15%</td><td> 1.0%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 1.0</td>

<td>you T3 R8</td><td>Borealis</td><td>Braskem</td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace t</td><td>Color ch</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td>Versali</td><td> 80.5%</td><td> 15%</td><td> 1.0%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 1.0</td>

<td>you T3 R9</td><td>Borealis</td><td>Braskem</td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace t</td><td>Colorte ch</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td>Versali</td><td> 80.5%</td><td> 15%</td><td> 1.0%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 1.0</td>

<td>you T3 RIVER</td><td>Borealis</td><td>Braskem</td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace t</td><td>Color ch</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td>V5</td><td>85% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>fifteen% HT6000</td><td></td><td>4% Colour (Top)</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.011 N2</td>

<td>V6</td><td>85% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>fifteen% HT6000</td><td></td><td>4% Colour (Top)</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.011 N2</td>

<td>V7</td><td>85% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>fifteen% HT6000</td><td></td><td>4% Colour (Top)</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.011 N2</td>

<td>V8</td><td>85% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>fifteen% HT6000</td><td></td><td>4% Colour (Top)</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.011 N2</td>

<td>V14</td><td>96.5% Dow</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td colspan="2"> 2^or Resin</td><td colspan="2">Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [lb / h one</td>

<td>V15</td><td> 98.25%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 0.25%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0.9</td>

<td></td><td>Dow</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td></td><td>C02</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V16</td><td> 96.5%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 0.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0.9</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td></td><td>CO2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V17</td><td> 95%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 0.8</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>CO2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V18</td><td> 95%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td>1 9- J. O</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 1.1</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>CO2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V19</td><td> 47.5%</td><td> 47.5%</td><td>LBI</td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 0.9</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V2 0</td><td> 47.5%</td><td> 47.5%</td><td>LBI</td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 1.2</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V21</td><td> 95%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 0.9</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V22</td><td> 95%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 0.9</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V2 3</td><td> 95%</td><td> 0%</td><td></td><td> 1.5%</td><td>CF-</td><td> 2%</td><td> 1%</td><td> 0.5%</td><td> 0.9</td>

<td></td><td>Formosa</td><td></td><td></td><td>40E</td><td></td><td>Ampace</td><td>Color</td><td>HT4HP</td><td>N2</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>t</td><td>ch</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td> 2^or Resin</td><td colspan="2">Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [lb / h one</td>

<td>V2 4</td><td>96% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>V25</td><td>96% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>V2 6</td><td>96% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>V27</td><td>96% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>V28</td><td>96% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>one% Color ch</td><td>0.5% HT4HP</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>V 16-0</td><td>96.5% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.5% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2% Ampace t</td><td>Ί S · _L or Color ch</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.9 N2</td>

<td>V 16-1</td><td>99.9% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.1% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.3 N2</td>

<td>V 16-2</td><td>99.4% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.1% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>0.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>V 16-3</td><td>97.4% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.1% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>2.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V 16-4</td><td>99.25% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.75% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>V 16-5</td><td>98.75% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.75% 40E</td><td>CF-</td><td>0.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td colspan="2">Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td> 2^or Resin</td><td>Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [lb / h one</td>

<td>V</td><td> 16-6</td><td>96.75% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td>2.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.3 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 16-7</td><td>98% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>2% CF-40E</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 16-8</td><td>97.5% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>2% CF-40E</td><td>0.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.3 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 16-9</td><td>95.5% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>2% CF-40E</td><td>2.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-1</td><td>24.975% Formosa</td><td>74.925% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>0.1% CF- 40E</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.3 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-2</td><td>24.6875% Formosa</td><td>74.0625% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td>0.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-3</td><td>23.875% Formosa</td><td>71.625% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>2% CF-40E</td><td>2.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-4</td><td>49.7% Formosa</td><td>49.7% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>0.1% CF- 40E</td><td>0.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-5</td><td>48,375% Formosa</td><td>48,375% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td>2.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.3 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-6</td><td>49% Formosa</td><td>49% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>2% CF-40E</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>V</td><td> 20-7</td><td>73.05% Formosa</td><td>24.35% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>0.1% CF- 40E</td><td>2.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td> 2^or Resin</td><td>Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [lb / h ]</td>

<td>V 20-8</td><td>74.4375% Formosa</td><td>24.8125% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V 20-9</td><td>73.125% Formosa</td><td>24,375% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>2% CF-40E</td><td>0.5% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.3 N2</td>

<td>V 16-5- one</td><td>98.75% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td>0.4% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V 16-5- 2</td><td>98.75% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td>0.3% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V 16-5- 3</td><td>98.75% Formosa</td><td> 0%</td><td>0.75% CF- 40E</td><td>0.2% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V 20-4- one</td><td>42.25% Formosa</td><td>42.25% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>fifteen% Modifying the Dow impact</td><td>0.1% CF-40E</td><td>0.4% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.25 N2</td>

<td>V 20-4- 2</td><td>42.25% Formosa</td><td>42.25% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>fifteen% Modifying the Dow impact</td><td>0.1% CF-40E</td><td>0.4% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>V 20-4- 3</td><td>42.25% Formosa</td><td>42.25% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>fifteen% Modifying the Dow impact</td><td>0.1% CF-40E</td><td>0.4% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>Proof</td><td>1st Resin</td><td> 2^or Resin</td><td>Additive # 1</td><td>Additive or # 2</td><td>Additive # 3</td><td>Aditi vo No. 4</td><td>Gas [lb / h ]</td>

<td>V 20-4- 4</td><td>42.25% Formosa</td><td>42.25% LBI 0.25MI</td><td>fifteen% Modifying the Dow impact</td><td>0.1% CF-40E</td><td>0.4% HT6000</td><td> 0%</td><td>1.0 N2</td>

<td>Example 7</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Measurements</td><td>the proof</td><td>fall</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Process</td><td>general</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Tests</td><td>fall</td><td>determine</td><td>probability</td><td>of</td>

<td>survival of</td><td>container</td><td colspan="2">due to a fall or impact</td><td>to the</td>

<td colspan="2">container. The containers</td><td>multilayer</td><td>underwent</td><td>a</td>

Drop test procedure based on ASTM D24 63 (Standard Test Method for Drop Impact Resistance of Blow Molded Thermoplastic Containers), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The drop test was carried out according to the following procedure. A bucket was filled with tap water. The bucket water was allowed to condition for at least 24 hours at approximately 73 degrees Fahrenheit (22.8 degrees Celsius) and approximately 50% relative humidity. The container was filled with water from the bucket and closed, for example, with a lid. The filled and covered containers were then subjected to the following procedure: (a) the filled and covered container was placed approximately five feet on a hard surface such as concrete or tile; (b) the filled and covered container was then oriented such that a bottom of the filled and covered container was arranged to be basically parallel to the hard surface; (c) each of the ten filled and covered containers were dropped; (d) upon impact, each filled and covered container was examined for any break or break in the wall causing the bottle to leak water; and (d) the total number of bottles that showed any sign of loss after the drop test was counted as failures.

Example 8

Weight, bottle density, parison densities, central parison density, EBM efficiency, EBM-center efficiency, and drop test results for the formulations in Example 6.

The multilayer containers formed according to Table 1 were subjected to a series of measurements and performance tests including weight measurements, bottle density measurements, bottle center density measurements, parison density measurements, parison density measurements- center, EBM efficiency measurements, EBM-center measurements and drop evaluation. The results are shown below in Table 2.

The EBM efficiency ratio was determined by dividing the bottle density by the parison density. The EBM-center efficiency ratio was determined by dividing the bottle-center density by the density of the parison center.

Density was determined by the apparatus and methods described in Example 5. Drop tests were performed by the methods described in Example 7.

Table 2. Weight, bottle density, bottle center density, parison density, parison-center density, EBM efficiency, EBM-center, and drop test of formulations of insulating cellular non-aromatic polymeric material other than Example 6.

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Weight [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Density of parison center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>Efficiency ratio of EBMcenter</td><td>Test failure fall [10 bottles one</td>

<td>See salt ite T3 R2</td><td> *</td><td> 0.670</td><td> 0.631</td><td> ★</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>See salt ite T3 R3</td><td> *</td><td> 0.670</td><td> 0.631</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> ★</td><td> ★</td>

<td>See salt ite T3 R4</td><td> *</td><td> 0.700</td><td> 0.665</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>See salt ite T3 R5</td><td> *</td><td> 0.710</td><td> 0.677</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td>λ</td>

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Weight [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Parisian density center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>Efficiency ratio of EBMcenter</td><td>Test failure fall [10 'bottles one</td>

<td>See salt and you T3 R6</td><td> *</td><td> 0.690</td><td> 0.654</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>See salt ite T3 R7</td><td> *</td><td> 0.530</td><td> 0.472</td><td> *</td><td> ★</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>See exit ite T3 R8</td><td> 28</td><td> 0.490</td><td> 0.427</td><td> ★</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>See salt ite T3 R9</td><td> *</td><td> 0.540</td><td> 0.483</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Weight [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Density of parison center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>EBMcentro efficiency ratio</td><td>Test failure fall [10 bottles ]</td>

<td>See exit ite T3 RIVER</td><td> *</td><td> 0.490</td><td> 0.427</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td>

<td>V5</td><td> 36. 6</td><td> 0.750</td><td> 0.722</td><td> *</td><td> ★</td><td> *</td><td> ★</td><td> *</td>

<td>V6</td><td> 36. 3</td><td> 0.757</td><td> 0.730</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td></td>

<td>V7</td><td> 36. 6</td><td> 0.860</td><td> 0.847</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td>-λ-</td><td>Ά ·</td>

<td>V8</td><td> 36. 1</td><td> 0.816</td><td> 0.797</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> ★</td>

<td>V14</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.706</td><td> 0.672</td><td> 0.480</td><td> 0.415</td><td> 1.47 2</td><td> 1.620</td><td> 100%</td>

<td>V15</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.794</td><td> 0.772</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> *</td><td> ★</td>

<td>V16</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.797</td><td> 0.775</td><td> 0.481</td><td> 0.417</td><td> 1.65 6</td><td> 1.861</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V17</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.806</td><td> 0.786</td><td> 0.455</td><td> 0.387</td><td> 1.77 1</td><td> 2.031</td><td> 10%</td>

<td>V18</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.753</td><td> 0.725 '</td><td> 0.451</td><td> 0.382</td><td> 1.67 0</td><td> 1.898</td><td> 10%</td>

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Pes or [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Density of parison center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>Efficiency ratio of EBMcenter</td><td>Test failure fall [10 bottles ]</td>

<td>V19</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.649</td><td> 0.607</td><td> 0.423</td><td> 0.350</td><td> 1.53 6</td><td> 1.736</td><td> 30%</td>

<td>V2 0</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.519</td><td> 0.460</td><td> 0.396</td><td> 0.320</td><td> 1.31 2</td><td> 1.439</td><td> 60%</td>

<td>V21</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.690</td><td> 0.654</td><td> 0.455</td><td> 0.387</td><td> 1.51 7</td><td> 1.690</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V22</td><td> 32</td><td> 0.693</td><td> 0.657</td><td> 0.447</td><td> 0.378</td><td> 1.55 0</td><td> 1.740</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V23</td><td> 28</td><td> 0.718</td><td> 0.686</td><td> 0.467</td><td> 0.401</td><td> 1.53 7</td><td> 1.712</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V24</td><td> 28</td><td> 0.785</td><td> 0.762</td><td> 0.503</td><td> 0.442</td><td> 1.56 1</td><td> 1.726</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V25</td><td> 24</td><td> 0.788</td><td> 0.765</td><td> 0.516</td><td> 0.456</td><td> 1.52 7</td><td> 1.678</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>V2 6</td><td> 24</td><td> 0.736</td><td> 0.706</td><td> 0.495</td><td> 0.433</td><td> 1.48 5</td><td> 1.631</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V27</td><td> 40</td><td> 0.752</td><td> 0.724</td><td> 0.496</td><td> 0.433</td><td> 1.51 6</td><td> 1.670</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V28</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.749</td><td> 0.721</td><td> 0.473</td><td> 0.408</td><td> 1.58 2</td><td> 1.768</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V 16- 0</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.779</td><td> 0.755</td><td> 0.498</td><td> 0.436</td><td> 1.56 4</td><td> 1.732</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>Pru</td><td>Pes</td><td>Dense</td><td>Density</td><td>Dense</td><td>Density</td><td>Laugh</td><td>Relaci</td><td>Failure</td>

<td>eba</td><td>or</td><td>d of</td><td>of</td><td>d of</td><td>of</td><td>tion</td><td>onon</td><td>proof</td>

<td></td><td>[g]</td><td>bottle</td><td>bottle-</td><td>parison</td><td>parison-</td><td>of</td><td>efficiency</td><td>fall</td>

<td></td><td></td><td>[g / cm3]</td><td>center</td><td>[g / cm3]</td><td>center</td><td>ef ic</td><td>ncia</td><td> [10</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td>[g / cm3]</td><td></td><td>[g / cm3]</td><td>ienc</td><td>of</td><td>bottles</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>ia</td><td>EBM-</td><td> 1</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>of</td><td>center</td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>EBM</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.918</td><td> 0.913</td><td> 0.785</td><td> 0.762</td><td> 1.17</td><td> 1.199</td><td> 0%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 0</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.730</td><td> 0.699</td><td> 0.502</td><td> 0.441</td><td> 1.45</td><td> 1.587</td><td> 0%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 3</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.632</td><td> 0.588</td><td> 0.434</td><td> 0.363</td><td> 1.45</td><td> 1.617</td><td> 20%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 4</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.723</td><td> 0.691</td><td> 0.688</td><td> 0.651</td><td> 1.05</td><td> 1.061</td><td> 0%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 1</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.606</td><td> 0.558</td><td> 0.568</td><td> 0.515</td><td> 1.06</td><td> 1.084</td><td> 0%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 7</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.892</td><td> 0.884</td><td> 0.470</td><td> 0.404</td><td> 1.89</td><td> 2.189</td><td> 0%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 9</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>V</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.481</td><td> 0.416</td><td> 0.416</td><td> 0.342</td><td> 1.15</td><td> 1.217</td><td> 60%</td>

<td> 16-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 7</td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 7</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Pes or [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Density of parison center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>Efficiency ratio of EBMcenter</td><td>Drop test failure [10 bottles one</td>

<td>V 16- 8</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.846</td><td> 0.831</td><td> 0.478</td><td> 0.413</td><td> 1.77 0</td><td> 2.013</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V 16- 9</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.597</td><td> 0.548</td><td> 0.411</td><td> 0.336</td><td> 1.45 3</td><td> 1.629</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V ΣΟ- Ι</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.906</td><td> 0.899</td><td> 0.771</td><td> 0.746</td><td> 1.17 4</td><td> 1.205</td><td> 60%</td>

<td>V twenty- 2</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.668</td><td> 0.629</td><td> 0.611</td><td> 0.564</td><td> 1.09 3</td><td> 1.114</td><td> 100%</td>

<td>V twenty- 3</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.851</td><td> 0.837</td><td> 0.720</td><td> 0.688</td><td> 1.18 2</td><td> 1.216</td><td> *</td>

<td>V twenty- 4</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.668</td><td> 0.629</td><td> 0.436</td><td> 0.365</td><td> 1.53 2</td><td> 1.721</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>V twenty- 5</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.903</td><td> 0.896</td><td> 0.711</td><td> 0.677</td><td> 1.27 1</td><td> 1.323</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Pes or [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Density of parison center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>Efficiency ratio of EBM- center</td><td>Drop test failure [10 bottles one</td>

<td>V twenty- 6</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.626</td><td> 0.581</td><td> 0.425</td><td> 0.353</td><td> 1.47 2</td><td> 1.646</td><td> 60%</td>

<td>V twenty- 7</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.751</td><td> 0.723</td><td> 0.495</td><td> 0.432</td><td> 1.51 7</td><td> 1.672</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>V twenty- 8</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.578</td><td> 0.526</td><td> 0.422</td><td> 0.349</td><td> 1.37 1</td><td> 1.509</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>V twenty- 9</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.858</td><td> 0.845</td><td> 0.566</td><td> 0.513</td><td> 1.51 6</td><td> 1.646</td><td> 40%</td>

<td>V 16- 5-1</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.573</td><td> 0.521</td><td> 0.414</td><td> 0.341</td><td> 1.38 4</td><td> 1.530</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>V 16- 5-2</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.577</td><td> 0.525</td><td> 0.407</td><td> 0.332</td><td> 1.41 7</td><td> 1.580</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V 16- 5-3</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.610</td><td> 0.563</td><td> 0.399</td><td> 0.323</td><td> 1.53 0</td><td> 1.744</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>Pru eba</td><td>Weight [g]</td><td>Bottle density [g / cm3]</td><td>Bottle density center [g / cm3]</td><td>Parison density [g / cm3]</td><td>Density of parison center [g / cm3]</td><td>EBM Effectiveness Review</td><td>EBMcentro efficiency ratio</td><td>Broth test failure [10 bottles one</td>

<td>V twenty- 4-1</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.640</td><td> 0.598</td><td> 0.441</td><td> 0.371</td><td> 1.45 1</td><td> 1.609</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V twenty- 4-2</td><td> 36</td><td> 0.742</td><td> 0.713</td><td> 0.502</td><td> 0.440</td><td> 1.47 9</td><td> 1.621</td><td> 20%</td>

<td>V twenty- 4-3</td><td> 32</td><td> 0.735</td><td> 0.705</td><td> 0.508</td><td> 0.447</td><td> 1.44 7</td><td> 1.577</td><td> 0%</td>

<td>V twenty- 4-4</td><td> 28</td><td> 0.766</td><td> 0.740</td><td> 0.512</td><td> 0.451</td><td> 1.49 6</td><td> 1.639</td><td> 0%</td>

* Data not available

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to put the aforementioned invention into practice, is the one that is clear from the present description of the invention.