Liquid cleaning and/or cleansing composition.
Abstract
The present invention relates to a liquid, cleaning and/or cleansing composition comprising abrasive cleaning particles.
Term
Projected expiry 20 December 2030.
- Priority
- Filed
- Today
- Projected expiry
13 claims: 10 independent, 3 dependent
- 1NOVEDAD DE LA INVENCIÓN REIVINDICACIONES 5 1. Una composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado que comprende partículas limpiadoras abrasivas, en donde las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas tienen una circularidad media de 0.1 a 0.4, y caracterizada porque las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas tienen una dureza Vickers HV de 3 a 50 kg/mm 2 . 10
- 2La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada además porque las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas tienen una circularidad media, preferentemente, de 0.15 a 0.35 y, con mayor preferencia, de 0.2 a 0.35, y caracterizada además porque la circularidad se mide de conformidad con la ISO 9276-6. 15
- 3La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque las partículas abrasivas tienen un valor de dureza (HV) Vickers, preferentemente, de 4 a 25 kg/mm 2 y, con mayor preferencia, de 5 a 15 kg/mm 2 , en donde el valor de dureza Vickers se calcula de conformidad con el método 20 descrito en la presente invención.
- 4La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque las partículas abrasivas tienen un tamaño medio de partícula según se expresa mediante el diámetro equivalente al área, de 10 a 1000 pm, preferentemente, de 50 a 500 pm y, con mayor preferencia, de 100 a 350 pm y, con la máxima preferencia, de 150 a 250 pm, de conformidad con ISO 9276-6.
- 5La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de 5 conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque la composición comprende de 0.1 % a 20 % en peso de la composición, preferentemente, de 0.3 % a 10 %, con mayor preferencia, de 0.5 % a 5 % y, con la máxima preferencia, de 1 % a 3 % en peso de la composición de las partículas abrasivas. 10
- 6La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas tienen una rugosidad media de 0.1 a 0.3, preferentemente, de 0.15 a 0.28, y con mayor preferencia, de 0.18 a 0.25, en donde la rugosidad media se calcula de 15 conformidad con el método descrito en la presente invención.
- 7La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas tienen una solidez media de 0.4 a 0.75, preferentemente, de 0.5 a 0.7, y con mayor 20 preferencia, de 0.55 a 0.65, en donde la solidez media se calcula de conformidad con la norma ISO 9276-6.
- 8La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque comprende un agente de suspensión, en donde el agente de suspensión se selecciona del grupo que consiste en espesantes de polímero policarboxilato;materiales similares a cera de ácido graso que contiene hidroxilo, éster graso o jabón graso;carboximetilcelulosa, etilcelulosa, 5 hidroxietllcelulosa, hidroxipropilcelulosa, hidroximetilcelulosa, succinoglicano y los polímeros de polisacáridos de origen natural, tales como goma xantana, goma gelana, goma guar, goma de algarrobo, goma tragacanto, goma succinoglucano, o derivados o mezclas de éstos.
- 9La composición liquida de limpieza y/o lavado de
- 1010 conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas se reducen hasta obtener partículas a partir de, material polimérico mediante el triturado o la molienda, y en donde el material polimérico se selecciona del grupo que consiste en polietileno, polipropileno, PVC, policarbonato, melamina, urea, poliuretano, 15 poliacrilato, poliestireno, fenoles, poliésteres, poliamida y mezclas de estos, preferentemente, el material polimérico se selecciona del grupo que consiste en poliuretano, poliéster, poliacrilato, poliestireno, y mezclas de éstos y, con mayor preferencia, las partículas abrasivas se obtienen de poliuretano elaborado a partir de diisocianato y diol. 20 10. La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque las partículas limpiadoras abrasivas se reducen hasta obtener partículas a partir de material polimérico espumado mediante triturado o molienda, y en donde el material polimérico espumado se selecciona del grupo que consiste en polietileno, polipropileno, PVC, policarbonato, melamina, urea, poliuretano, poliacrilato, poliestireno, fenoles, poliésteres, poliamida, y mezclas de éstos, preferentemente, el material 5 polimérico espumado se selecciona del grupo que consiste en poliuretano, poliéster, poliacrilato, poliestireno, y mezclas de éstos y, con mayor preferencia, las partículas abrasivas se obtienen de espuma de poliuretano rígido elaborado a partir de diisocianato y diol.
- 11La composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de 10 conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizada además porque la composición limpiadora se carga en un sustrato de limpieza, en donde el sustrato es una toalla de papel o tela no tejida o un paño, o una esponja.
- 12Un proceso de limpieza y/o lavado de una superficie 15 inanimada con una composición líquida de limpieza y/o lavado de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, en donde la superficie se pone en contacto con la composición mencionada, preferentemente en donde la composición se aplica sobre la superficie.
- 13El proceso de conformidad con la reivindicación 12, 20 caracterizado además porque dicha superficie inanimada es preferentemente, seleccionada del grupo que consiste en superficies duras de artículos domésticos;superficies de vajilla;superficies como cuero o cuero artificial;y superficies de vehículos motorizados.
Independent claims13
559 paragraphs in 7 sections, as filed
(54) Title: CLEANING AND / OR WASHING LIQUID COMPOSITION. (54) Title: LIQUID CLEANING AND / OR CLEANSING COMPOSITION.
(57) Summary
The present invention relates to a liquid cleaning and / or washing composition, comprising abrasive cleaning particles.
(57) Abstract
The present invention relates to a liquid, cleaning and / or cleansing composition comprising abrasive cleaning particles.
CLEANING AND / OR WASHING LIQUID COMPOSITION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to liquid compositions for cleaning and / or washing a variety of animate and inanimate surfaces, including hard surfaces indoors or at home, tableware surfaces, human and animal skin, vehicle and automobile surfaces, etc. . More specifically, the present invention relates to liquid abrasive compositions comprising particles suitable for cleaning and / or washing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Abrasive compositions, such as particulate or liquid compositions (including gel or paste-like compositions) containing abrasive components are well known in the industry. Such compositions are used to clean and / or wash a variety of surfaces; especially, those surfaces that tend to get dirty and from which it is difficult to remove stains and dirt.
Among the currently known abrasive compositions, the most popular are based on abrasive particles with shapes ranging from spherical to irregular. The most common abrasive particles are inorganic, such as carbonate salt, clay, silica, silicate, shale ash, perlite and quartz sand, or organic polymeric microspheres such as polypropylene, PVC, melamine, urea, polyacrylate and derivatives, which are provided in the form of a liquid composition with a creamy consistency and abrasive particles suspended in it.
The surface safety profile of such currently known abrasive compositions is inadequate, while compositions with a suitable surface safety profile show poor cleaning performance. Clearly, because they have high hardness abrasive particles, these compositions can damage, that is, scratch, the surfaces on which they have been applied, while, if the amount of hard materials is reduced, the cleaning performance is insufficient. Clearly, the formulator must choose between adequate cleaning / washing performance but that generates significant damage to the surface, or resign the cleaning / washing performance and maintain an acceptable surface safety profile. Furthermore, such currently known abrasive compositions, at least in certain fields of application (eg, hard surface cleaning) are considered obsolete by consumers.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a suitable cleaning and / or washing composition for cleaning / washing a variety of surfaces, including inanimate and animate surfaces, such as hard surfaces in or around the home, tableware surfaces, hard and soft tissue surfaces of the oral cavity, such as teeth, gums, tongue and oral surfaces, human and animal skin, etc., where the composition provides satisfactory cleaning / washing performance, while providing an adequate safety profile for the surface.
It has been discovered that the aforementioned objective can be achieved through the composition according to the present invention.
One of the advantages of the compositions according to the present invention is that they can be used to clean / wash animated and inanimate surfaces composed of various materials, such as glazed or unglazed ceramic tiles, enamel, stainless steel, Inox®, Formica®, vinyl, non-waxed vinyl, linoleum, melamine, glass, plastic, painted surfaces, human and animal skin, hair, surface of hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity, such as teeth, gums, tongue and buccal surfaces, and the like.
Another advantage of the present invention is that, in the compositions of the present invention, the particles can be formulated at greatly reduced levels and still provide the aforementioned benefits. Clearly, generally, for other technologies, high levels of abrasive particles are required to achieve good cleaning / washing performance, leading to high formulation and process cost, incompatibility with many packages, e.g. For example, bottles for pressing or spraying, low incidence of ergonomics of use, difficult to rinse profiles and final cleaning, as well as a limitation in the appearance and pleasant feeling to the touch of the cleaning / washing composition.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid cleaning and / or washing composition comprising abrasive cleaning particles, wherein the abrasive cleaning particles have an average circularity of 0.1 to 0.4, and wherein the abrasive cleaning particles have a Vickers hardness value ( HV) from 3 to 50 kg / mm<sup>2</sup>.
The present invention further comprises a process of cleaning and / or washing a surface with a liquid cleaning and / or washing composition, comprising abrasive cleaning particles; wherein said surface is contacted with the composition in question, preferably, where said composition is applied on the mentioned surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is an illustration of the tip radius.
Figure 2 is an illustration showing how to calculate the roughness based on the particle.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Cleaning / washing liquid composition
The compositions, in accordance with the present invention, are designed for use in cleaning / washing a variety of inanimate and animate surfaces. Preferably, the compositions in the present invention are suitable for cleaning / washing surfaces selected from a group consisting of inanimate surfaces and animated surfaces.
In a preferred embodiment, the compositions of the present invention are suitable for cleaning / washing inanimate surfaces selected from the group consisting of hard surfaces of household items; tableware surfaces; surfaces such as leather or artificial leather; and motor vehicle surfaces.
In a highly preferred embodiment, the compositions in the present invention are suitable for cleaning hard household surfaces.
By "hard household surfaces" is meant in the present description any type of surface normally present in or around homes, such as kitchens, bathrooms, e.g. For example, floors, walls, tiles, windows, sideboards, sinks, showers, laminated shower curtains, sinks, toilets, facilities and accessories and the like, made of different materials, such as ceramic, vinyl, non-waxed vinyl, linoleum, melamine, glass, Inox®, Formica®, any type of plastic, laminated wood, metal or any painted or varnished or sealed surface, and the like. Hard domestic surfaces also include household appliances, such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, automatic dryers, ovens, microwave ovens, dishwashers, among others. Such hard surfaces can be found both in private homes and in commercial, institutional and industrial settings.
By "tableware surfaces" is meant in the present description any type of surface related to cleaning dishes, such as dishes, cutlery, cutting boards, saucepans, and the like. These tableware surfaces can be found both in private homes and in commercial, institutional and industrial settings.
In another preferred embodiment, the compositions of the present invention are suitable for cleaning / washing animated surfaces selected from the group consisting of human skin; animal skin; human hair; animal hair; and surfaces of the hard or soft tissues of the oral cavity, such as teeth, gums, tongue, and oral surfaces.
The compositions according to the present invention are liquid compositions as opposed to a solid or a gas. Liquid compositions include compositions with a viscosity similar to water, in addition to thickened compositions, such as gels and pastes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid compositions are aqueous compositions. Therefore, they can comprise from 65% to 99.5% by weight of the total composition of water, preferably, from 75% to 95% and, more preferably, from 80% to 98%.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid compositions of the present invention are, for the most part, non-aqueous compositions, although they can comprise from 0% to 10% by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 0% to 5%, most preferably, 0% to 1% and, most preferably, 0% by weight of the total water composition.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compositions herein are neutral compositions and therefore have a pH, calculated at 25 ° C, of 6 to 8, more preferably 6.5 to
7.5, even more preferably, of 7.
In another preferred embodiment, the compositions have a pH, preferably, greater than 4 and, alternatively, preferably, a pH less than 9.
Accordingly, the compositions in the present invention may comprise bases and acids suitable for adjusting the pH.
A suitable base for use in the present invention is an organic and / or inorganic base. Suitable bases for use herein are caustic alkalis, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or lithium hydroxide, or alkali metal oxides, such as sodium or potassium oxide, or mixtures of these. A preferred base is a caustic alkali, more preferably sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide.
Other suitable bases include ammonia, ammonium carbonate, all available carbonate salts, such as K2CO3, Na2CO3,
Ca2CO3, Mg2CO3, etc., alkanolamines (such as, for example, monoethanolamine), urea and derivatives of urea, polyamine, etc.
Typical levels of these bases, when included, are from 0.01% to 5.0% by weight of the total composition, preferably from 0.05% to 3.0% and, more preferably, from 0.1% to 0.6%.
The compositions in the present invention may comprise an acid to lower the pH to the required level; despite the presence of an acid, if any, the compositions herein will maintain their preferred neutral pH as described above. A suitable acid for use herein is an organic and / or inorganic acid. A preferred organic acid for use herein has a pKa less than 6. A suitable organic acid is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, and adipic acid and a mixture of these. A mixture of such acids may be commercially available through BASF under the tradename Sokalan® DCS. A suitable inorganic acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and a mixture of these.
A typical level of this acid, when present, is 0.01% to 5.0% by weight of the total composition, preferably of
0.04% to 3.0% and, more preferably, from 0.05% to 1.5%.
In a preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the compositions in the present invention are thickened compositions. Preferably, the liquid compositions of the present invention have a viscosity of up to 7,500 cps at 20 s<sup>1</sup>, more preferably, from 5000 cps to 50 cps, even more preferably, from 2000 cps to 50 cps and, most preferably, from 1500 cps to 300 cps at 20 s'<sup>1</sup> and 20 ° C, when calculated with a rheometer, model AR 1000 (supplied by TA Instruments) with a 4 cm conical spindle in stainless steel, an angle of 2 ° (linear increase from 0.1 to 100 s'<sup>1</sup> in 8 minutes maximum).
In another preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the compositions in the present invention have a viscosity similar to water. Herein, "water-like viscosity" means a viscosity close to that of water. Preferably, the liquid compositions of the present invention have a viscosity of up to 50 cps at 60 rpm, more preferably, from 0 cps to 30 cps, even more preferably, from 0 cps to 20 cps, and most preferably of 0 cps at 10 cps at 60 rpm and 20 ° C, when calculated with a Brookfield digital viscometer, model DVII, with spindle 2.
Abrasive cleaning particles
The liquid cleaning and / or washing composition of the present invention comprises abrasive cleaning particles that are selected or synthesized to have effective forms, e.g. eg defined by adequate circularity and hardness.
In a preferred embodiment, the abrasive cleaning particles are preferably non-rolling. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the abrasive cleaning particles are preferably angular.
The Applicant has noted that the angular, non-rolling abrasive cleaning particles allow for adequate removal of dirt and reduce surface damage. Clearly, the Applicant has observed that very specific particle forms, e.g. For example, defined by circularity to promote efficient sliding of abrasive particles compared to typical abrasive particles, where rotational motion is promoted in a certain way and is less effective as dirt is displaced from the surface. Circularity to meet the criteria to promote effective particle slippage, it is in the range of 0.1 to 0.4.
The shape of the abrasive cleaning particle can be defined in various ways. The present invention defines the shape of the cleaning particle in a particle shape, reflecting the geometric proportions of a particle and, more pragmatically, of the particle population. There are very recent analytical techniques that allow accurate simultaneous measurement of particle shapes based on a large number of particles, typically greater than 10,000 particles (preferably greater than 100,000). This allows precise adjustment and / or selection of the shape of the average particle population with differentiated performance. These particle shape measurement analyzes are performed with the Occhio Nano 500 particle characterization instrument and the supplied Callistro software, version 25 (Occhio sa Liege, Belgium). This instrument is used to prepare, disperse, image, and analyze the particle samples, according to the manufacturer's instructions, and the following instrument configuration selections: Required Blank = 180, Vacuum Time = 5000ms, Settling Time = 5000 ms, auto start, count of particles counted / analysis = 8000 to 50.0000, minimum number of replicates / sample = 3, 1x / 1.5x lens configuration.
The abrasive cleaning particles of the present invention are defined by the quantitative description of a form. In the quantitative description, the shape descriptor is understood as the numbers that can be calculated from the images of the particles or the physical properties of the particles by mathematical or numerical operations. Although the shape of the particle can be defined in three dimensions with a specific analytical technique, the applicant has observed that the characterization of the shape of the particles in two dimensions is the most relevant and is related to the abrasive performance of the cleaning particles. . During the particle shape analysis protocol, the particles are oriented toward the surface, by gravity deposition, in a manner similar to the expected orientation of the particles during the cleaning process. Therefore, the objective of the present invention considers the characterization of the two-dimensional shape of a particle / particle population as defined by the projection of its shape on the surface on which the particle / particle population is deposited.
In a preferred embodiment, the abrasive cleaning particles have a mean circle equivalent diameter (ECD) of from 10 pm to 1000 pm, preferably from 50 pm to 500 pm, more preferably from 100 pm to 350 pm, and with the maximum preferably, from 150 to 250 pm.
Clearly, the Applicant has discovered that abrasive particle size can be critical to achieving effective cleaning performance, while an excessive abrasive population with small particle sizes, e.g. For example, typically less than 10 microns it has a polishing action compared to cleaning despite having a high number of particles per particle load in the cleaner inherent in the small particle size. In contrast, the abrasive population with an excessively high particle size, e.g. For example, greater than 1000 microns, does not provide optimal cleaning efficiency as the number of particles per particle load in the cleaner inherently decreases significantly with large particle size. In addition, excessively small particle size is not recommended in the cleaner or to carry out cleaning tasks since, in practice, the numerous small particles are frequently difficult to remove from the different surface topologies, which implies an excessive effort on the part of the user, unless it leaves the surface with visible particle residues. On the other hand, excessively large particles are very easy to detect with the naked eye or generate an unpleasant experience to the touch while using or handling the cleaner. Therefore, the Applicant defines in the present description an optimal range of particle size that provides both excellent cleaning performance and user experience.
Abrasive particles have a size defined by the diameter equivalent to the area (ISO 9276-6: 2008 (E), section 7), also called circle equivalent diameter (ECD) (ASTM F1877-05, section
11.3.2). The mean ECD of the particle population is calculated as the average of the respective ECD of each particle in a particle population of at least 10,000 particles, preferably, greater than 50,000 particles, more preferably, greater than 100,000 particles, after excluding from Measurement and calculation data for particles with an area equivalent diameter (ECD) of less than 10 microns. Average data is obtained from measurements based on volume vs. quantity-based measurements.
In a preferred example, the size of the abrasive cleaning particles used in the present invention is modified during use, especially when undergoing a significant size reduction. Therefore, the particle remains visible or noticeable to the touch in the liquid composition and at the beginning of the use process to provide effective cleaning. As the cleaning process progresses, the abrasive particles disperse or break down into smaller particles and become invisible to the human eye or imperceptible to the touch.
In the present invention, the shape descriptors are calculations of the geometric descriptors / shape factors. Geometric shape factors are the relationships between two different geometric properties. Said properties are usually a measure of the proportions of the image of the whole particle or a measure of the proportions of an ideal geometric body that wraps the particle or forms a wrap around the particle. These results are macroform descriptors similar to the aspect ratio; however, the Applicant has observed that Mesoform Descriptors (a specific subclass of Macroform Descriptors) are especially critical to cleaning efficiency and surface safety of abrasive cleaning particles, while the parameters of More typical forms, such as the aspect ratio, are insufficient. These mesoform descriptors describe how different a particle is compared to an ideal geometric shape, especially how different it is compared to a sphere and, on the other hand, help define its non-rolling capacity, e.g. eg, slip, effective cleaning movement pattern. The abrasive cleaning particles of the present invention are different from typical spherical or sphere-like abrasive shapes, e.g. eg, granular.
The abrasive cleaning particles of the present invention are not spherical.
The non-spherical particles in the present invention preferably have angular edges and each particle has at least one edge or concave curvature surface. Most preferably, the non-spherical particles in the present invention have numerous angular edges and each particle has at least one edge or concave curvature surface. The angular edges of the non-spherical particles are defined because the edge has a tip radius of less than 20 pm, preferably less than 8 pm, most preferably less than 5 pm. The tip radius is defined by the diameter of an imaginary circle that conforms to the curvature of the edge tip.
Figure 1 is an illustration of the nose radius.
Circularity
Circularity is a quantitative description of the shape by two-dimensional image analysis, and is calculated in accordance with ISO 9276-6: 2008 (E), section 8.2, implemented using the Occhio Nano 500 particle characterization instrument, with its software. incorporated Callistro, version 25 (Occhio sa Liege, Belgium). Circularity is a preferred mesoform descriptor and is widely available in shape analysis instruments such as Occhio Nano 500 or Malvern Morphologi G3. Circularity is sometimes described in the literature as the difference between the shape of a particle and a perfect sphere. The circularity values range from 0 to 1, where a circularity of 1 describes a perfectly spherical particle or disk particle, as measured on a two-dimensional image.
Where A is a projection area, which is a two-dimensional descriptor, and P is the length of the perimeter of the particle.
Applicant has found that abrasive cleaning particles having an average circularity of 0.1 to 0.40, preferably 0.15 to 0.35, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.35, provide improved cleaning performance and surface safety. Average data is obtained from measurements based on volume vs.
quantity-based measurements.
Therefore, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the present invention have an average circularity of 0.1 to 0.4, preferably 0.15 to 0.35, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.35.
Solidity
Strength is a quantitative description of shape using two-dimensional image analysis, and is calculated according to
ISO 9276-6: 2008 (E), section, 8.2, implemented through the Occhio Nano 500 particle characterization instrument and its embedded software, Callistro, version 25 (Occhio sa Liege, Belgium). The non-spherical particle in the present description preferably has at least one edge or concave curvature surface. Solidity is a mesoform parameter, which describes the total concavity of a particle / population of particles. The solidity values range from 0 to 1, where a solidity value of 1 describes a non-concave particle, which is measured in the literature as:
Fastness = A / Ac
Where A is the area of the particle and Ac is the area of the convex envelope (envelope) that joins the particle.
The Applicant has observed that abrasive cleaning particles with an average fastness of 0.4 to 0.75, preferably, a fastness of 0.5 to 0.7 and, more preferably, 0.55 to 0.65, provide improved cleaning performance and surface safety. Average data is obtained from measurements based on volume vs.
quantity-based measurements.
Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present
Invention, the abrasive particles of the present invention have an average strength of 0.4 to 0.75, preferably, a strength of 0.5 to 0.7 and, more preferably, 0.55 to 0.65.
Sometimes solidity is also called convexity in the literature or in certain device software that uses the solidity formula instead of its definition described in ISO 9276-6 (convexity = Pc / P, where P is the length of the perimeter of the particle, and P<sub>c</sub> is the length of the perimeter of the convex envelope [envelope] that joins the particle.) Despite the fact that solidity and convexity are similar mesoform descriptors in concept, the applicant refers in the present description to the solidity measurement previously expressed by means of the Occhio Nano 500 instrument, as indicated above.
Roughness
Roughness is a quantitative description of shape by two-dimensional image analysis, and is measured in accordance with ISO 9276-6: 2008 (E), section 8.2, implemented through the Occhio Nano 500 particle characterization instrument and its software. incorporated, Callistro, version 25 (Occhio sa Liege, Belgium). Roughness defines 2D measurements, the equivalent useful surface area outside the surface area of the particle nucleus, and its value can vary from 0 to 1, where a roughness value of 0 describes a particle with no available useful mass at the periphery of the nucleus of the particles. Roughness is also sometimes referred to as "irregularity" and is a quantitative description, and a mesoform descriptor is available, eg on the Occhio Nano 500 instrument.
Roughness is useful in abrasive particles because the non-spherical particles in the present invention preferably have a significant mass of material, available at the periphery of their core, as useful abrasives. The peripheral mass is useful for cleaning performance and also to prevent the particle from rolling.
Roughness involves defining in two-dimensional measurements the equivalent useful surface area outside the core surface area of particles ranging from 0 to 1, where a roughness of 0 describes a particle with no useful mass available at the periphery of the mass of the nucleus of the particle. The roughness is calculated as follows:
Rgy = (AA (Oy) / A
Where A is the area of the particle and Α (Ογ) is the surface area of what is considered the “nucleus of the particle”. AA (Oy) represents the useful area at the periphery of the particle and the roughness represents the fraction of that useful area compared to the total area of the particle. Oy is called the adjustable tolerance factor and is typically set to 0.8, so the definition of roughness is Rgy = (AA (0.8) / A. In order to calculate A (0.8), the maximum number of disks within the particle boundary is inscribed at each point on the edge of the particle. The size, p. For example, the area of the inscribed discs is defined by the diameter of the discs, while the diameter value varies between 0.8 x Dmax (maximum diameter) and Dmax (where Dmax is the diameter value of the largest inscribed disc in the particle). The area of the nucleus of particle A (0.8) is defined by the area corresponding to the projection of all the inscribed disks.
Figure 2 is an illustration that indicates how to calculate the roughness from the particle.
The Applicant has found that abrasive cleaning particles having a roughness averaged from 0.1 to 0.3, preferably 0.15 to 0.28, and more preferably 0.18 to 0.25, provide improved cleaning performance and surface safety. Average data is obtained from measurements based on volume vs.
quantity-based measurements.
Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the present invention have an average roughness of 0.1 to 0.3, preferably 0.15 to 0.28, and more preferably 0.18 to 0.25.
In a highly preferred embodiment, the abrasive cleaning particles have an average circularity of 0.1 to 0.4 (preferably 0.15 to 0.35 and, more preferably, 0.2 to 0.35) and an average roughness of
0.1 to 0.3 (preferably, 0.15 to 0.28 and, more preferably, 0.18 to 0.25) and / or an average strength of 0.4 to 0.75 (preferably, a strength of 0.5 to 0.7, and, more preferably, 0.55 to 0.65).
By the terms "average circularity", "average solidity" or "average roughness", the applicant considers the average of the circularity, solidity or roughness values of each particle obtained from a population of at least 10,000 particles, preferably, greater than 50,000 particles, more preferably greater than 100,000 particles, after excluding circularity data from measurement and calculation, solidity or roughness of particles with an area equivalent diameter (ECD) of less than 10 microns. Average data is obtained from measurements based on volume vs. quantity-based measurements.
The abrasive particles are made of the following abrasive materials or mixture of abrasive materials typically known in the industry, such as, for example, e.g. For example, organic or inorganic abrasive salts, such as salts derived from carbonate, salts derived from phosphate, salts derived from pyrophosphate, salts derived from silica or alumina, hydroxyapatite, diatomaceous earth, fuller's earth, talc, etc., polymeric abrasives containing polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polycarbonate, melamine, urea, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polystyrene, phenolics, polyesters, polyamide, or natural abrasives derived from cellulose, lignocellulose or shell, such as walnut peel, apple seed, olive pit, apricot kernel, almond, wood, bamboo, and plants.
Preferably, the abrasive particles are composed of the polymeric material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polycarbonate, melamine, urea, polyurethane, polyacrylate, phenols, polyesters, polylamide and mixtures thereof, and derived natural abrasives. cellulose, lignocellulose or shell, such as walnut shell, apple seeds, olive stones, apricot seeds, almonds, wood, bamboo and plants, and mixtures of these. Most preferably, the abrasive particles are made from polymeric materials selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polycarbonate, melamine, urea, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polystyrene, phenolic, polyesters, polyamide, and mixtures thereof. Still more preferably, the abrasive particles are composed of the polymeric material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyester, polyacrylate, polystyrene, and mixtures thereof. Most preferably, the abrasive particles are made from the rigid polyurethane made from diisocyanate (eg, Lupranate M200R or Lupranate M20S) and diol (Lupranol 3423).
Typical shear and granulation methods of reducing the aforementioned material to abrasive powder having a useful shape are defined by the specific range of circularity, such that other preparation methods described in the industry, e.g. For example, grain-forming, they can be used, such as agglomeration, printing, carving, etc. The above forming processes are sometimes facilitated by mixing the above abrasive materials as filler elements within a thermoplastic or solidification matrix. Such processes, p. For example, which include the selection of a matrix and a respective filler load, are well known in the industry. A specifically preferred process for obtaining particles with an effective Circularity Range is the foaming of the abrasive raw material by itself. or the abrasive material dispersed in a matrix, and in reducing the foam obtained to abrasive particles with improved efficiency. Foaming processes and foam structure are typically accomplished by a gas expansion process, e.g. eg, either by injecting gas or solvent into the abrasive precursor and allowing expansion by pressure drop and / or temperature rise, e. Eg, foaming process by extrusion or, more conveniently, with gas generated in-situ followed by hardening of the abrasive precursor, e.g. eg, polyurethane foam forming process. As an alternative, the foam structures can also be achieved by an emulsion process, followed by a hardening and drying step.
In a highly preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to achieve the geometric descriptors of the abrasive cleaning particles (i.e., circularity, roughness and / or solidity), the abrasive cleaning particles are obtained from foamed polymeric material , which is reduced to abrasive particles, preferably, by grinding or grinding, as described later in the present description.
Applicant has found that adequate cleaning efficiency will be achieved with abrasive particles obtained from a foam having a density greater than 100kg / m<sup>3</sup>, and even up to 500 kg / m<sup>3</sup>. However, the Applicant has surprisingly discovered that a significantly improved cleaning effect can be achieved if the foam density is less than 100 kg / m<sup>3</sup>, more preferably, 5 kg / m<sup>3</sup> at 100 kg / m<sup>3</sup> and, most preferably, 25 kg / m<sup>3</sup> at 50 kg / m<sup>3</sup>.
In the same way, the Applicant has found that good cleaning efficiency can be achieved with abrasive particles that have been made from foams having closed cell structures;
however, the Applicant has surprisingly discovered that a significantly improved cleaning effect can be obtained with open cell structure foam.
Furthermore, the Applicant has found that good cleaning efficiency can be achieved with abrasive particles that have been made from foams having a cell size ranging from 20 microns to 2000 microns. However, the Applicant has surprisingly discovered that a significantly improved cleaning effect can be achieved with the foam having a cell size of 100 to 1000 microns, more preferably 200 to
500 micrometers and, most preferably, 300 to 450 micrometers. The size of the foam cells can be measured, for example, by the protocol described in ASTM D3576.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to promote reduction of the foam to particles, the foam preferably has sufficient brittleness, e.g. eg; Under stress, the foam has little tendency to deform, but instead has a tendency to break into particles.
Effective particles are then produced by precisely grinding the foam structure to a specific size and shaping it as described in the present disclosure. Therefore, for example, when a large particle size is desired, a foam with a large cell size is desirable, and vice versa. Furthermore, in order to preserve the optimal shape of the particle by reducing the structure of the foam to particles, it is recommended that the particle size to be obtained is not excessively smaller than the cell size dimension of the foam. Typically, the target particle size is not less than about half the cell size of the foam.
In order to promote the reduction of the foam to particles, the foam preferably has sufficient brittleness, eg. For example, under stress, the foam has little tendency to deform and is prone to fracture. The foam used for the present invention preferably has an undetectable phase transition (eg, glass transition or melting temperature) or a phase transition temperature significantly higher than the use temperature. Preferably the phase transition temperature is at least 20 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, higher than the use temperature.
A suitable method of reducing foam to abrasive cleaning particles in the present invention is to grind or grind the foam. Another suitable means includes the use of erosion tools, such as a high speed erosion wheel with a dust collector, where the surface of the wheel is engraved with a pattern or coated with abrasive sandpaper or the like, to causing the foam to form the abrasive cleaning particles of the present invention.
As an alternative and in a highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foam can be reduced to particles in several stages. First, the foam mass can be divided into pieces of a few centimeters by cutting or chopping it manually, or by using a power tool, such as a mass grinder, for example, Model 2036 from S Howes, Inc. of Silver Creek, NY.
Preferably, the abrasive cleaning particles obtained by grinding or grinding operations are simple particles, without cell structure.
On the other hand, surprisingly, the abrasive cleaning particles of the present invention have been found to exhibit adequate cleaning performance, even at relatively low levels, such as preferably 0.1% to 20%, preferably 0.3% to 10%, more preferably, from 0.5% to 5%, still more preferably, from 1.0% to 3%, by weight of the total composition of said abrasive cleaning particles.
In a preferred embodiment, the abrasive particles are obtained from a foam by reducing (preferably by grinding or grinding) the foam to abrasive particles. Most preferably, the abrasive particles are obtained from foamed polymeric material, characterized in that the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polycarbonate, melamine, urea, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polystyrene, phenols, polyesters, polyamide and mixtures thereof. Still more preferably, the abrasive particles are obtained from the foamed polymeric material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyester, polyacrylate, polystyrene, and mixtures thereof. Most preferably, the abrasive particles are obtained from a rigid polyurethane foam, composed of diisocyanate (eg, Lupranate M200R or Lupranate M20S) and diol (Lupranol 3423).
The particles used in the present invention can be white, transparent, or colored through the use of suitable dyes and / or pigments. Furthermore, suitable color stabilizing agents can be used to stabilize the desired color.
Hardness of abrasive particles:
The preferred abrasive cleaning particles suitable for use in the present invention are hard enough to provide adequate cleaning / washing performance, while still providing a suitable surface safety profile.
The hardness of the abrasive particles obtained from foam by reduction can be modified by changing the raw material used to prepare the foam. For example, it is possible to modify the hardness of the polyurethane foam in various ways. For example, without being strict, the selection of the diisocyanate and, especially, the selection of the isocyanate with high functionality,
p. eg,> 2, preferably,> 2.5, most preferably, greater than 2.7, increases the hardness of the polyurethane. Similarly, the use of low molecular weight polyols, e.g. For example, <4000 pm, preferably <2000 pm, and most preferably less than 1000 pm, also increases the hardness of the polyurethane. More important still is the balance of diisocyanate / polyols in the reaction mixture, although excess diisocyanate also increases the hardness of the foam. Another possibility to increase hardness is to introduce a low molecular weight crosslinking agent. As an alternative, the selection of the catalyst will allow the formation of a urea bond, which represents another method to increase the hardness of the foam.
The abrasive cleaning particles in the present invention have a hardness of 3 to 50 kg / mm<sup>2</sup>preferably 4 to 25 kg / mm<sup>2</sup> and, most preferably, from 5 to 15 kg / mm<sup>2</sup> in the Vickers hardness test (HV).
Vickers hardness test method:
Vickers hardness (HV) is measured at 23 ° C in accordance with the standard methods of ISO 14577-1, ISO 14577-2 and ISO 14577-3. Vickers hardness is calculated from a solid block of raw material at least 2 mm thick. The measurement of Vickers hardness by microindentation is made using the ml-hardness analyzer (Micro-Hardness
MHT Tester), manufactured by CSM Instruments SA, Peseux, Switzerland.
According to the instructions included in ISO 14577, the test surface must be flat and smooth, with a roughness value (Ra) less than 5% of the maximum penetration depth of the indenter. For a maximum depth of 200 pm, this equates to a Ra value of less than 10 pm. According to ISO 14577, such a surface must be prepared by any of the appropriate methods, which may include cutting the block of the test material with a sharp mlcrotome or a scalpel, crushing, polishing or molding the molten material in a mold. flat and smooth cast iron, and allow it to solidify completely before testing.
The proper general settings for the Microhardness Analyzer (MHT) are as follows:
Control mode: Scroll, continuous
Maximum displacement: 200 pm
Approach speed: 20nm / s
Zero point determination: on contact
Retention period to measure thermal deviation on contact: 60 s
Force application time: 30s
Data recording frequency: at least every second
Holding time at maximum force: 30 s
Force suppression time: 30s
Indenter Tip Shape / Material: Pyramid Shape
Vickers / Diamond Tip
As an alternative, for the abrasive cleaning particles of the present invention, the hardness can also be expressed in accordance with the MOHS hardness scale. The MOHS hardness is preferably between 0.5 and 3.5, most preferably between 1 and 3. The MOHS Hardness Scale is an internationally recognized scale for measuring the hardness of a compound compared to a compound of known hardness, see Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk-Othmer, fourth edition, vol. 1, p. 18, or Lide, DR (ed) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, edition no. 73, Boca Raton, Fia., The Rubber Company, 19921993. There are many MOHS test kits available on the market, which contain material with known MOHS hardness. For the measurement and selection of the abrasive material with the selected MOHS hardness, it is recommended to perform the MOHS hardness measurement with formless particles, e.g. eg, with spherical or granular shapes of the abrasive material, as MOHS measurement of shaped particles will give erroneous results.
The Applicant has found that when selecting the abrasive cleaning particles in accordance with the parameters in two dimensions, as described in the present description, the abrasive cleaning particles having an average circularity of 0.1 to 0.4 and a Vickers hardness value of 3 kg / mm<sup>2</sup> at 50 kg / mm<sup>2</sup> and, preferably, an average strength of 0.4 to 0.75 and / or an average roughness of 0.1 to 0.3 will provide good cleaning efficiency and surface safety.
Optional ingredients
Compositions in accordance with the present invention may comprise a variety of optional ingredients depending on the desired technical benefit and the surface treated.
Optional ingredients suitable for use herein include chelating agents, surfactants, radical scavengers, perfumes, surface-modifying polymers, solvents, additives, regulators, bactericides, hydrotropes, colorants, stabilizers, whiteners, bleach activators, control agents. foam, such as fatty acids, enzymes, soil suspending agents, brighteners, anti-dust agents, dispersants, pigments and dyes.
Suspending agent
The abrasive cleaning particles present in the composition herein are solid particles in a liquid composition. These abrasive cleaning particles can be suspended in the liquid composition. However, abrasive cleaning particles not stably suspended in the composition or settling or floating on top of it are also within the scope of the present invention. In this case, a user can temporarily suspend the abrasive cleaning particles by stirring (eg, by shaking or stirring) the composition before use.
However, in the present invention it is preferred that the abrasive cleaning particles are stably suspended in the liquid compositions described herein. Therefore, the compositions herein comprise a suspending agent.
The suspending agent in the present invention can be a compound specifically selected to provide a suspension of the abrasive cleaning particles in the liquid compositions of the present invention, such as a structuring agent, or a compound that also performs another function, such as a thickener or surfactant (as described elsewhere in this description).
Any suitable organic and inorganic suspending agent, typically used as a gelling, thickening or suspending agent, can be used in the present invention in cleaning / washing compositions and other detergent or cosmetic compositions. Clearly, suitable organic suspending agents include polysaccharide polymers. Additionally or alternatively, polysaccharide polymer thickeners can be used in the present invention. Furthermore, in addition to or as an alternative to the aforementioned, layered silicate platelets, e.g. eg, hectorite, bentonite, or montmorillonite. Suitable commercially available layered silicates are Laponite RD® or Optigel CL® from Rockwood Additives.
Polycarboxylate polymer thickeners include (preferably slightly) crosslinked polyacrylate. A particularly suitable polycarboxylate polymer thickener is Carbopol, commercially available from Lubrizol under the tradename Carbopol 674®.
Polysaccharide polymers suitable for use in the present invention include substituted cellulose materials, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, succinoglycan and polymers of naturally occurring polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum, gellan gum, rubber guar, gum bean, tragacanth gum, succinoglycan gum, or derivatives or mixtures thereof. Xanthan gum is marketed by Kelco under the trade name Kelzan T.
Preferably, the suspending agent herein is xanthan gum. In an alternative embodiment, the suspending agent herein is a polycarboxylate polymer thickener, preferably a (preferably slightly crosslinked) polyacrylate. In a highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid compositions comprise a combination of a polysaccharide polymer or a mixture thereof, preferably xanthan gum, with a polycarboxylate polymer or a mixture thereof, preferably a crosslinked polyacrylate.
As a preferred example, xanthan gum is preferably present at levels of between 0.1% to 5% by weight of the total composition, more preferably 0.5% to 2%, even more preferably,
0.8% to 1.2%.
Organic solvent
As an optional ingredient, although highly preferred, the composition herein comprises organic solvents or mixtures thereof.
The compositions of the present description comprise from 20 0% to 30% by weight of the total composition of an organic solvent or a mixture of these, more preferably from 1.0% to 20% and, most preferably, from 2% to 15%.
Suitable solvents can be selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols, ethers and diesters having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably from 8 to 10 carbon atoms; glycols or alkoxylated glycols; glycol ethers; alkoxylated aromatic alcohols; aromatic alcohols; terpenes; and mixtures of these. The highest preference is for aliphatic alcohol and glycol ether solvents.
Suitable solvents are aliphatic alcohols of formula ΡΟΗ, where R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 15, and more preferably 5 to 12. Suitable aliphatic alcohols are methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or mixtures thereof. Of the aliphatic alcohols, ethanol and isopropanol are the most preferred due to their high vapor pressure and tend to leave no residue.
Glycols suitable for use in the present invention are in accordance with the formula HO-CR1R2-OH, where R1 and R2 are independently H or an allcyclic and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated C2-C10 hydrocarbon. Glycols suitable for use herein are dodecane glycol or propanediol.
In a preferred embodiment, at least one glycol ether solvent is incorporated into the compositions of the present invention. Particularly, glycol ethers having a C3-C6 terminal hydrocarbon attached to one to three ethylene glycol or propylene glycol entities are preferred to provide the appropriate degree of hydrophobicity and, preferably, surface activity. Examples of solvents based on ethylene glycol chemistry and commercially available include monoethylene glycol and n-hexyl ether (Hexyl Cellosolve®) distributed by Dow Chemical. Examples of solvents based on the chemistry of propylene glycol and commercially available include derivatives of di and tripropylene glycol from butyl and propyl alcohols, which can be obtained from Arco under the trade names of Arcosolv® and Dowanol®.
In the context of the present invention, preferred solvents are selected from the group consisting of mono-propylene glycol mono-propylether, di-propylene glycol mono-propylether, mono-propylene glycol mono-10-butylether, di-propylene glycol mono-propylether, di-propylene glycol mono- butyl ether; tri-propylene glycol mono-butyl ether; ethylene glycol mono-butyl ether; di-ethylene glycol mono-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-hexyl ether and di-ethylene glycol mono-hexyl ether, and mixtures thereof. The term "butyl" includes the normal butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl groups. Monopropylene glycol and monopropylene glycol monobutyl ether are the most preferred cleaning solvents and can be obtained under the trade names of Dowanol DPnP® and Dowanol DPnB®. Dipropylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether can be obtained from
Arco Chemical under the trade name of Arcosolv PTB®.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cleaning solvent is purified so that impurities are minimized. These impurities include aldehydes, dimers, trimers, oligomers, and other by-products. These have been found to negatively affect product odor, perfume solubility, and the end result. The inventors have also observed that common commercial solvents, which contain low levels of aldehydes, can cause irreversible and irreparable yellow-yellow of certain surfaces. By purifying cleaning solvents so that impurities are reduced or eliminated, surface damage is mitigated or eliminated.
Although not preferred, terpenes can be used in the present invention. Suitable terpenes for use herein are monocyclic terpenes, dicyclic terpenes, or acyclic terpenes. Suitable terpenes are: DI, moneno; pinene; Pine oil; terpinene; terpene derivatives such as menthol, terpineol, geraniol, thymol; and the types of ingredients of citronella and citronellol.
Alkoxylated aromatic alcohols suitable for use in the present invention are those according to formula R- (A)<sub>n</sub>OH, where R is an aryl group substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably, 2 to 15 and, more preferably, of
2 to 10, where A is an alkoxy group, preferably butoxy, propoxy and / or ethoxy, and n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2. Suitable alkoxylated aromatic alcohols are benzoxyethanol and / or benzoxypropanol.
Suitable aromatic alcohols for use in the present invention are those according to the formula R-OH, where R is an aryl group substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 15, and , more preferably, from 1 to 10. For example, an aromatic alcohol suitable for use in the present invention is benzyl alcohol.
Surfactants
The compositions herein may comprise a nonionic, anionic, zwitterionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactant, or mixtures thereof. Suitable surfactants are those selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, zwitterionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants, with hydrophobic chains containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable surfactants are described in McCutcheon's Volume 1: Emulsifiers and Detergent, North American Edition, McCutcheon Division, MC Publishing Co., 2002.
Preferably, the composition of the present invention comprises from 0.01% to 20% by weight of the total surfactant composition or a mixture thereof, more preferably from 0.5% to 10% and, most preferably, from 1% to 5 %.
Nonionic surfactants are highly preferred in the compositions of the present invention. Non-limiting examples of suitable non-ionic surfactants include alcohol alkoxylates, alkylpollsaccharides, amine oxides, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, fluorosurfactants, and silicon-based surfactants. Preferably, the aqueous compositions comprise from 0.01% to 20% by weight of the total composition of a nonionic surfactant or a mixture thereof, most preferably from 0.5% to 10% and, most preferably, from 1% to 5 %.
A preferred class of nonionic surfactants suitable for the present invention is that of alkyl ethoxylates. The alkyl ethoxylates of the present invention are linear or branched, and contain from 8 carbon atoms to 16 carbon atoms at the hydrophobic end, and from 3 ethylene oxide units to 25 ethylene oxide units in the hydrophilic major group. Examples of alkyl ethoxylates include Neodol 91-6®, Neodol 91-8® supplied by Shell Corporation (PO Box 2463, 1 Shell Plaza, Houston, Texas), and Alfonic 810-60® supplied by Condea Corporation, (900 Threadneedle PO Box 19029, Houston, TX). The most preferred alkylethoxylates comprise from 9 to 12 carbon atoms at the hydrophobic end and from 4 to 9 oxide units at the hydrophilic major group. A most preferred alkyl ethoxylate is C<sub>9</sub>.n EOs, available from Shell Chemical Company under the tradename Neodol 91-5®. Nonionic ethoxylates can also be derived from branched alcohols. For example, alcohols can be prepared from branched olefin starting material such as propylene or butylene. In a preferred embodiment, the branched alcohol is a 215-propyl-1-heptyl alcohol or a 2-butyl-1-octyl alcohol. A desirable branched alcohol ethoxylate is 2-propyl-1-heptyl EO7 / AO7, manufactured and marketed by BASF Corporation under the tradename Lutensol XP 79 / XL 79®.
Another class of nonionic surfactant suitable for the present invention is that of alkylpolysaccharides. These surfactants are described in US Pat. USA nos. 4,565,647, 5,776,872, 5,883,062, and 5,906,973. Among the alkylpolysaccharides, alkylpolyglycosides comprising five and / or six-carbon sugar rings are preferred, most preferred are those comprising six-carbon sugar rings, and most preferred are those where the six-sugar ring carbons is derived from glucose, that is, alkyl polyglycosides (APG) are preferred. The alkyl substituents on the chain length of the APG is preferably a saturated or unsaturated alkyl moiety containing 8 to 16 carbon atoms, with an average chain length of 10 carbon atoms. The Cs-Ci6 alkylpolyglucosides are marketed by various suppliers (eg, Simusol® surfactants from Seppic Corporation, 75 Quai d'Orsay, 75321 Paris, Cedex 7, France, and Glucopon 220®, Glucopon 225®, Glucopon
425®, Plantaren 2000 N® and Plantaren 2000 N UP®, from Cognis Corporation,
Postfach 13 01 64, D 40551, Dusseldorf, Germany).
Another class of non-ionic surfactant suitable for the present invention is amine oxide. Amine oxides, particularly those comprising from 10 carbon atoms to 16 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic tail, are beneficial due to their solid cleaning profile and effectiveness, even at levels less than 0.10%. Furthermore, C10-16 amine oxides, particularly C12-C14 amine oxides, are excellent perfume solubilizers. Alternative nonionic detergent surfactants for use herein are alkoxylated alcohols which generally comprise from 8 to
16 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic alkyl chain of alcohol. Typical alkoxylation groups are propoxy groups or ethoxy groups in combination with propoxy groups, producing propoxylate ethoxylates. These compounds are marketed under the trade name Antarox® available from Rhodia (40
Rue de la Haie-Coq F-93306, Aubervilliers Cédex, France) and with the trade name Nonidet® available from Shell Chemical.
Hydrophobic base condensation products of ethylene oxide formed by condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol are also suitable for use herein. The hydrophobic portion of these compounds will preferably have a molecular weight of 1500 to 1800 and will exhibit insolubility in water. The addition of polyoxyethylene portions to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the entire molecule, and the liquid character of the product is retained to the point where the polyoxyethylene content is approximately 50% of the total weight of the product. condensation, which corresponds to condensation with up to 40 moles of ethylene oxide. Examples of compounds of this type include some of the commercially available Pluronic® surfactants sold by BASF. Chemically, these surfactants have the structure (EO)<sub>x</sub>(PO)<sub>and</sub>(EO)<sub>z</sub> or (PO)<sub>x</sub>(EO)<sub>and</sub>(PO)<sub>z</sub>, where x, y, and z are from 1 to 100, preferably, 3 to 50. Pluronic® surfactants, known as suitable wetting surfactants, are especially preferred. A description of Pluronic® surfactants and their properties, including wetting properties, can be found in the brochure entitled “BASF Performance
Chemicals Plutonio® & Tetronic® Surfactants ”, available from BASF.
Other suitable, but not preferred, nonionic surfactants include polyethylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols, e.g. For example, the condensation products of alkylphenols having an alkyl group containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms in a straight-chain or branched-chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, said ethylene oxide is present in amounts equal to 5 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkylphenol. The alkyl substituent in these compounds can be derived from oligominated propylene, diisobutylene, or from other sources of / 'so-octane noctane, /' so-nonane or n-nonane. Other nonionic surfactants include those derived from natural sources, such as sugars and include C-N-alkyl glucosamide surfactants.<sub>8</sub>-C<sub>16</sub>.
Suitable anionic surfactants for use in the present invention are all commonly known to those skilled in the industry. Preferably, the anionic surfactants for use in the present invention include alkylsulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, alkylsulfates, alkyl alkoxylated sulfates, C-alkyl diphenyl oxide disulfonates<sub>6</sub>-C2o linear or branched alkoxylated, or mixtures thereof.
Alkylsulfonates suitable for use in the present invention include the water soluble salts or acids with the formula RSO3M, where R is an alkyl group of C<sub>6</sub>-C<sub>2</sub>or linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, preferably an alkyl group of C<sub>8</sub>-C<sub>18</sub>, most preferably, a linear or branched alkyl group of Cio-Ci<sub>8</sub>, and M is H or a cation, for example, an alkali metal (eg, sodium, potassium, or lithium) cation, or substituted ammonium or ammonium (eg, methyl, dimethyl, and trimethylammonium cations, and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations and quaternary ammonium cations derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof and the like).
Alkylarylsulfonates for use in the present invention include water-soluble acids or salts with the formula RSO3M, where R is an aryl, preferably a benzyl, substituted with a C65-C20 alkyl group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, preferably a Cs-C-ie alkyl group, more preferably a C10-C16 alkyl group, and M is H or a cation, for example an alkali metal cation (e.g. eg, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, and the like) or substituted ammonia or ammonium (eg, methyl, dimethyl, and trimethylammonium cations and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations, and cations quaternary ammonium derivatives of alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof, and the like).
An example of a C-alkylsulfonate<sub>14</sub>-Ci<sub>6</sub> is Hostapur® SAS, available from Hoechst. An example of a commercially available alkylarylsulfonate is lauryl aryl sulfonate from Su.Ma. Particularly preferred alkylarylsulfonates are alkylbenzene sulfonates, commercially available under the tradename Nansa®, available from Albright & Wilson.
Suitable alkyl sulfate surfactants for use in the present invention are those according to the formula R1SO4M, wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl radicals containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms and alkylphenyl radicals containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. M is H or a cation, for example, an alkali metal cation (for example, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, and the like) or substituted ammonium or ammonium (for example, the methyl, dimethyl, and trimethylammonium cations, and quaternary ammonium cations, such as tetramethylammonium and dimethyl piperdinium cations, and quaternary ammonium cations derived from alkylamines, such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof, and the like).
Particularly preferred branched alkyl sulfates for use in the present invention are those containing a total of from 14 carbon atoms, such as Isalchem 123 AS®. The Isalchem 123
AS® commercially available from Enichem is a C12-13 surfactant that is 94% branched. This material can be described as CH<sub>3</sub>- (CH<sub>2</sub>) mCH (CH<sub>2</sub>BEAR<sub>3</sub>Na) - (CH2) n-CH3, where n + m = 8-9. Other also preferred alkylsulfates are alkylsulfates where the alkyl chain comprises a total of 12 carbon atoms, i.e. sodium 2-butyl octyl sulfate. Said alkylsulfate is commercially available from Condea under the tradename Isofol® 12S. Especially suitable linear alkylsulfonates include C16-C12 paraffin sulfonates, such as Hostapur ® SAS commercially available from Hoechst.
Alkoxylated alkyl sulfate surfactants suitable for use in the present invention are those according to formula RO (A)<sub>m</sub>SW<sub>3</sub>M, wherein R is a C6-C20 or unsubstituted alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having a C6-C20 alkyl component, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl of Ο<sub>12</sub>-Ο<sub>2</sub>or, most preferably, a C12-C18 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, A is an ethoxy or propoxy unit, m is greater than zero, typically between 0.5 and 6, more preferably, between 0.5 and 3, and M is H or a cation which may be, for example, a metal cation (eg, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium etc.), ammonium cation or substituted ammonium. Alkyl ethoxylated sulfates and also alkyl propoxylated are included herein. Some specific examples of the substituted ammonium cations include methyl, dimethyl, trimethylammonium, and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium, dimethylpiperidinium, and cations derived from alkanolamines, such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof, and the like. Illustrative surfactants are C12-C18 alkyl polyethoxylate sulfate (1.0) (C12CisE (1.0) SM), C12-C18 alkyl polyethoxylate sulfate (2.25) (C12Ci<sub>8</sub>E (2.25) SM), C12-C18 (Ci) alkyl polyethoxylate sulfate (3.0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci<sub>8</sub>E (3.0) SM), C12-C18 (Ci) alkyl polyethoxylate sulfate (4.0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci<sub>8</sub>E (4.0) SM), where M is conveniently selected from sodium and potassium.
The C6-C20 linear or branched alkoxylated alkyl diphenyl oxide disulfonate surfactants suitable for use in the present invention are those which satisfy the following formula:
<img file="MX2012007305A_D0001.tif" />
-R
SO3-X +
SO3-X + where R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group of
C6-C20, preferably a C12-C18 alkyl group, more preferably a C14-C16 alkyl group, and X + is H or a cation, for example, an alkali metal cation (eg, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium and the like). Particularly suitable for use herein are C6-C20 branched or linear alkoxylated alkyl diphenyl oxide disulfonate surfactants are the sodium salt of C16 linear branched diphenyl oxide disulfonate, which are commercially available from DOW, respectively, under the trade names Dowfax 2A1® and Dowfax 8390®.
Other anionic surfactants useful in the present invention include the salts (including, for example, the sodium, potassium, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salts, such as the mono, di, and triethanolamine salts) of soap, C-olefin sulfonates<sub>8</sub>-C<sub>2</sub>4, polycarboxylic acid sulfonates prepared by sulfonation of the alkaline earth metal citrate plrolyzed product, e.g. eg, as described in British Patent Specification No. 1,082,179, C8-C24 alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates (containing up to 10 moles of ethylene oxide); alkyl sulphonates, such as C14-C16 methalester sulfonates; acylglycerol sulphonates, fatty oleylglycerol sulphates, alkylphenol ether sulfates and ethylene oxide, alkyl phosphates, sethionates such as acyl sethionates, N-acyl sethionates, N-acyl taurates, succinamates and alkyl sulphosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinate (especially saturated and unsaturated C12-C18 monoesters), sulfosuccinate diesters (especially saturated and unsaturated C6-C14 diesters), acyl sarcosinates, alkylpolysaccharide sulfates such as alkylpolyglucoside sulfates (the unsulfonated nonionic compounds are described below), alkylpolyethoxy carboxylates such as those of the formula RO (CH2CH2O) kCH2COO'M<sup>+</sup>, where R is a C8-C22 alkyl, k is an integer from 0 to 10, and M is a soluble salt-forming cation. Resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids, such as turpentine, hydrogenated turpentine, and resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids present in or derived from resin oil are also suitable. Other examples are described in Surface Active Agents and Detergent (Vol. I and II of Schwartz, Perry and Berch). Generally, a variety of these surfactants are further described in US Pat. USA no. 3,929,678, issued December 30, 1975 to Laughlin et al. from column 23, line 58 to column 29, line 23.
Zwitterionic surfactants represent another class of preferred surfactants in the context of the present invention.
Zwitterionic surfactants contain both cationic and anionic groups in the same molecule, over a wide pH range. The typical cationic group is a quaternary ammonium group, although other positively charged groups such as sulfonium and phosphonium groups can also be used. Typical anionic groups are carboxylates and sulphonates, preferably sulphonates, although other groups such as sulfates, phosphates, and the like can be used. Some common examples of detergents are described in the patent literature: US patents. USA nos. 2,082,275, 2,702,279 and 2,255,082.
A specific example of a zwitterionic surfactant is 3- (N46 dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl) -2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate (lauryl hydroxyl sultaine) available from the Mclntyre Company (24601 Governors Highway, University Park, Illinois 60466, USA. ) Under the trade name Mackam LHS®. Another specific zwitterionic surfactant is acylamidopropylene (hydroxypropylene) of
C12.14 Sulfobetaine, available from Mclntyre under the trade name Mackam
50-SB®. Other very useful zwitterionic surfactants include hydroxycarbyl, e.g. eg, fatty alkylene betaines. A highly preferred zwitterionic surfactant is Empigen BB®, a coconut dimethyl betaine produced by Albright & Wilson. Another equally preferred zwitterionic surfactant is Mackam 35HP®, a cocoamido propyl betaine produced by Mclntyre.
Another class of preferred surfactants comprises the group comprising amphoteric surfactants. A suitable amphoteric surfactant is an amide alkylene glycinate ('ampoglycinate') surfactant from C<sub>8</sub>-Ci<sub>6</sub>. Another suitable amphoteric surfactant is a Cs-Ci6 alkylene amide propionate ('ampopropionate') surfactant. Other suitable amphoteric surfactants are represented by surfactants such as dodecyl betaine alanine, N-alkyltaurines, such as those prepared by reaction of dodecylamine with sodium sesionate in accordance with the teachings of US Pat. USA no. 2,658,072, N-higher alkylapartic acids such as those produced in accordance with the teachings of US Pat. USA no. 2,438,091, and products sold under the trade name "Miranol®", and described in US Patent No. USA no. 2,528,378.
Chelating agents
A class of optional compounds for use in the present invention includes chelating agents or mixtures thereof. Chelating agents can be incorporated into the compositions of the present description in amounts ranging from 0.0% to 10.0% by weight of the total composition, preferably from 0.01% to 5.0%.
Phosphonate chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention may include ethan-1-hydroxy bisphosphonates (HEDP), alkylene poly (alkylene phosphonate), as well as amino phosphonate compounds, including amino aminotri (methylene phosphonic acid) (ATMP) , nitrilotris (methylene phosphonic acid) (NTP), ethylenediamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid), and alkylene metal diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMP). Phosphonate compounds can be present either in their acid form or as salts of different cations in some or all of their acidic functional groups. The preferred phosphonate chelating agents used herein are diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and ethane 1-hydroxy diphosphonate (HEDP). Such phosphonate chelating agents are commercially available from Monsanto under the trade name DEQUEST®
In the compositions herein, aromatic chelating agents with polyfunctional substitutions may also be useful. See US Pat. USA no. 3,812,044, issued May 21, 1974 to Connor et al. Preferred compounds of this type in the acid form are dihydroxydisulfobenzenes such as 1,2-dihydroxy -3,5-disulfobenzene.
A preferred biodegradable chelating agent for use in the present invention is ethylenediamine-N.N'-disuccinic acid or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium salts or ammonium substitute salts thereof or mixtures thereof. Ethylenediamine-N, N'dlsuccinic acids, especially the (S, S) isomer, have been extensively described in US Pat. USA no. 4,704,233 awarded to Hartman and
Perkins on November 3, 1987. Ethylenediamine N, N'dlsuccinic Acid is, for example, commercially available under the tradename ssEDDS® from Palmer Research Laboratories.
Amlnocarboxylates suitable for use in the present invention include ethylenediamine tetraacetates, diethylenetriamine pentaacetates (DTPA), N-hydroxyethylethylenediamine triacetates, nltrilotriacetates, ethylene diamine propylene ethanes, tetrahydrines, ethanediamine, propylene ethanes diacetic of methylglycine (MGDA), both in acid form, or in their alkali metal, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salt forms. Particularly suitable amlnocarboxylates for use in the present invention are diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, propylene diamine tetraacetic acid (PDTA), which is, for example, commercially available from BASF under the tradenames Trilon FS® and methylglycine dlacetic acid (MGDA).
Other carboxylate chelating agents for use herein include salicylic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, malonic acid, or mixtures thereof.
Radical scrubber
The compositions of the present invention may also comprise a radical scavenger or a mixture thereof.
Radical scavengers suitable for use in the present invention include the well-known substituted mono- and dihydroxybenzenes and their analogues, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Preferred radical scavengers for use in the present invention include di-tert-butyl hydroxytoluene (BHT), hydroquinone, di-tert-butyl hydroquinone, mono-tert-butyl hydroquinone, tert-butyl-hydroxyanisole, benzoic acid, toluic acid , catechol, t-butyl catechol, benzylamine, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, n-propyl gallate or mixtures thereof and highly preferred is di-tert-butyl hydroxytoluene . These radical scavengers such as N-propyl gallate may be commercially available from Ñipa Laboratories under the trade name Nipanox S1®.
When radical scavengers are used, they can generally be present in amounts of up to 10% by weight of the total composition, and preferably 0.001% to 0.5% by weight. The presence of radical scavengers can contribute to the chemical stability of the compositions of the present invention.
Fragrance
Compounds and perfume compositions suitable for use in the present invention are, for example, those described in patent EP-A-0 957 156, in the paragraph entitled "Perfume", on page 13. The compositions herein The invention may comprise a perfume ingredient, or mixtures thereof, in amounts of up to 5.0% by weight of the total composition, preferably in amounts of 0.1% to 1.5%.
Colorant
Liquid compositions in accordance with the present invention can be colored. Accordingly, they may comprise a dye or a mixture of these.
Form of delivery of the compositions
The compositions herein can be packaged in a variety of suitable containers known to those with industry experience, such as plastic bottles for pouring liquid compositions, squeeze bottles, or bottles equipped with a spray trigger for spraying liquid compositions. Alternatively, the paste-like compositions according to the present invention can be packaged in a pommel.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the liquid composition of the present invention is impregnated into a substrate; preferably, the substrate is in the form of a thin, flexible canvas or a block of material, such as a sponge.
Suitable substrates are woven or nonwoven canvases, 20 sheets based on cellulosic material, sponge or foam with open cell structures, e.g. eg, polyurethane foams, cellulosic foam, melamine foam, etc.
Surface cleaning process
The present invention comprises a process of cleaning and / or washing a surface with a liquid composition in accordance with the present invention. Suitable surfaces herein are described above under the heading "Liquid Cleaning / Washing Composition".
In a preferred embodiment, said surface is contacted with the composition according to the present invention, preferably, said composition is applied on the mentioned surface.
In another preferred embodiment, the process herein comprises the steps of dispensing (eg, by spraying, pouring, compression) the liquid composition according to the present invention from a container containing said liquid composition and, after that, the cleaning and / or washing of said surface.
The composition herein can be in its pure or diluted form.
By "in its pure form" it is meant herein that said liquid composition is applied directly on the surface to be treated without experiencing any dilution, that is, the liquid composition in the present invention is applied on the surface as described at the moment.
By "diluted form" it is meant herein that the user dilutes said liquid composition, typically, with water. The liquid composition is diluted before use with a typical dilution level of up to 10 times its weight of water. A usually recommended dilution level is a 10% dilution of the composition in water.
The composition of the present invention can be applied through the use of an Implement, such as a mop, a paper towel, a brush (eg, a toothbrush) or a cloth, soaked in the pure or diluted composition of the present. Furthermore, once applied to said surface, said composition can be agitated on said surface through the use of a suitable implement. Clearly, such a surface can be cleaned with a mop, paper towel, brush, or cloth.
The process herein may, furthermore, include a rinsing step, preferably, after application of said composition. By "rinse" is meant herein to bring the cleaned / washed surface into contact with the process in accordance with the present invention with substantial amounts of a suitable solvent, typically water, directly after the step of applying the liquid composition of the present on said surface. By "substantial amounts", he refers in the present description to between 0.01 I and 1 I of water per m<sup>2</sup> of surface, more preferably, between 0.1 I and 1 I of water per m<sup>2</sup> Of surface.
In a highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning / washing process is a process for cleaning hard surfaces of household items with a liquid composition in accordance with the present invention.
Cleaning efficiency
Cleaning efficiency test method:
Ceramic tiles (typically glossy, white and 24 cm x 4 cm ceramic) are coated with 0.3 g of typical fatty soap residue, mainly based on calcium stearate and artificial body dirt, available on the market (which is apply on the tile with a sprayer). The soiled tiles are then dried in an oven at a temperature of 140 ° C for 10 to 45 minutes, preferably 40 minutes, and then left to rest for 2 to 12 hours at room temperature (approximately 20 ° C) at controlled ambient humidity (60 to 85% relative humidity (RH), preferably 75% RH). The soiled tiles are then cleaned by using 5 ml of the composition of the present invention poured directly into a Spontex® cellulose sponge previously moistened with water. The sponge is then placed on a wet abrasion testing instrument (such as that manufactured by Sheen Instruments Ltd. Kingston, England) with the side covered by the particle composition facing the tile. The Abrasion Testing Instrument can be configured to deliver pressure (eg, 600 g), and move the sponge on the test surface with a fixed stroke length (eg, 30 cm), at a speed fixed (eg 37 passes per minute). The composition's ability to remove oily soap residue is calculated based on the number of strokes required to thoroughly clean the surface, which is determined by visual evaluation. The smaller the number of passes, the greater the cleaning capacity of the composition's greasy soap foam.
The cleaning data below is achieved with 1% abrasive particles in the cleaner (3.5% C12EO5 nonionic surfactant). The abrasive cleaning particles used to generate the example cleaning data were composed of polyurethane foam with a Vickers hardness value of 7 kg / mm<sup>2</sup>. The abrasive cleaning particles are obtained from a rigid polyurethane foam by crushing the foam to form abrasive cleaning particles.
<td></td><td>Size selection (by pneumatic sieving)</td><td>Diameter equivalent to the mean area (ECD)</td><td>Circularity half</td><td>No. of passes to clean oily soap residue</td>
<td>No.</td><td>No particles</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td>> 100 (not clean)</td>
<td> 1</td><td>125-20 pm</td><td>98 pm</td><td> 0.31</td><td> 49</td>
<td> 2</td><td>125-20 pm</td><td>107 pm</td><td> 0.34</td><td> 46</td>
<td> 3</td><td>250-125 pm</td><td>162 pm</td><td> 0.22</td><td> 26</td>
<td> 4</td><td>250-125 pm</td><td>212 pm</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 32</td>
<td> 5</td><td>250-125 pm</td><td>197 pm</td><td> 0.28</td><td> 44</td>
<td> 6</td><td>355-250 pm</td><td>238 pm</td><td> 0.19</td><td> 21</td>
<td> 7</td><td>355-250 pm</td><td>216 pm</td><td> 0.23</td><td> 19</td>
<td> 8</td><td>355-250 pm</td><td>280 pm</td><td> 0.33</td><td> 33</td>
<td> 9</td><td>125-20 pm</td><td>111 pm</td><td> 0.41</td><td> 86</td>
<td> 10</td><td>125-20 pm</td><td>137 pm</td><td> 0.42</td><td> 104</td>
<td> 11</td><td>250-125 pm</td><td>221 pm</td><td> 0.47</td><td> 94</td>
<td> 12</td><td>355-250 pm</td><td>337 pm</td><td> 0.42</td><td> 70</td>
Examples 9 and 12 are comparative examples, because the abrasive cleaning particles are outside the scope of the present invention.
Surface security
Surface damage method:
To measure the surface damage caused by the test particles, 0.2 g of the abrasive particles to be evaluated are mixed with 4 g of an aqueous surfactant lotion NEODOL C9-11 EO8 (Shell Chemicals) (3% surfactant in weight). A new 4 cm x 8.5 cm (and 4.5 cm thick) cellulose kitchen sponge (such as Spontex®) is moistened with 24 ml of distilled or deionized water and then charged by evenly distributing the mixture of surfactant and particles on a 4 cm x 8.5 cm side of the sponge. The sponge is then placed on a wet abrasion testing instrument (such as that manufactured by Sheen Instruments Ltd, Kingston, England) with the side covered by the particles and the surfactant facing the test surface. The test surface to be used should be a new, colorless, clear and virgin poly (methyl methacrylate) new canvas (also called PMMA, Plexiglas, Methyl Acrylate, Lucite), with a Vickers hardness value (HV) of 25 kg / square mm (+/- 2) (measured according to the standard test method of ISO 14577). The Abrasion Testing Instrument should be configured to deliver 600g of pressure and to move the sponge over the test surface with a stroke length of 30cm, at a rate of 37 strokes per minute. The Wet Abrasion Rubbing Test Instrument should be allowed to perform 1000 passes (i.e., 1000 strokes in one direction only), then reload the sponge with an additional 0.2g of abrasive and 4g of surfactant lotion. No additional water should be applied when recharging the sponge. The sponge should be recharged in this manner every 1000 passes, for ten consecutive charges (i.e. 10,000 passes total per test surface). Damage assessment on the test surface is performed after completing the 10,000 passes. The sponge should not be replaced during the test unless it is damaged, for example broken or torn. In that case, a new sponge should be moistened, loaded and installed according to the instructions for the original sponge in order to complete the test.
To assess the surface damage on the poly (methyl methacrylate) test surface, visual classification is performed according to the following 5-level surface damage scale: 0 = No scratches; 1 = I think I see scratches; 2 = I definitely see small scratches; 3 = I see a lot of scratches; 4 = I see a lot of damage. The visual damage rating is the average of the ratings given by 5 independent classifiers.
In addition, surface damage to the poly (methyl methacrylate) test surface is assessed by measuring the roughness of the sponge-rubbed surface, using a roughness analyzer such as TR 200 (PortableTesters.com LLC). The roughness parameters of various profiles are measured, including: average maximum height (Rz); total height from peak to valley (Rt); maximum peak height (Rp); maximum valley depth (Rv); mean separation of irregularities (RSm); and asymmetry (Rsk).
<td>Surface damage assessment</td><td>Without particles</td><td>Shaped particles *</td><td>Particles amorphous *</td>
<td>Size selection (by pneumatic sieving)</td><td>NA</td><td>250-125 pm</td><td>250-125 pm</td>
<td>Diameter equivalent to the mean area (ECD)</td><td>NA</td><td>162 pm</td><td>221 pm</td>
<td>Average circularity</td><td>NA</td><td> 0.22</td><td> 0.47</td>
<td>Medium strength</td><td>NA</td><td> 0.56</td><td> 0.82</td>
<td>Average roughness</td><td>NA</td><td> 0.21</td><td> 0.08</td>
<td>Visual classification of damage</td><td> 0</td><td> 0.4</td><td> 2.7</td>
<td>Roughness parameter **: Rz (average maximum profile height)</td><td>0.079 pm</td><td>0.130 pm</td><td>0.271 pm</td>
<td>Roughness parameter **: Rt (total height from peak to valley)</td><td>0.186 pm</td><td>0.413 pm</td><td>0.906 pm</td>
<td>Roughness parameter **: Rp (maximum profile peak height)</td><td>0.061 pm</td><td>0.091 pm</td><td>0.154 pm</td>
<td>Roughness parameter **: Rv (maximum depth of profile valley)</td><td>0.019 pm</td><td>0.040 pm</td><td>0.117pm</td>
<td>Roughness parameter **: RSm (average separation of profile irregularities)</td><td>7.0833 mm</td><td>4.3055 mm</td><td>2.2685 mm</td>
<td>Roughness parameter **: Rsk (profile asymmetry)</td><td> 2.839</td><td> 3.065</td><td> 4.5</td>
* Note: abrasive particles composed of polyurethane foam with the same hardness - Hardness value
Vickers 7.
** The roughness parameter is a parameter that indicates surface damage and is not linked to the roughness parameter used to define the shape of the particle.
Examples
The following lotion compositions were prepared by mixing the following molten (i.e., liquid) components together (Table 1).
The following compositions were made comprising the listed ingredients in the mentioned proportions (weight%). Examples 1 to 43 of the present invention are used to exemplify the present invention, but not necessarily to limit or in any other way define the scope of the present invention.
The abrasive particles used in the examples below were ground from rigid polyurethane foam (foam controlled structure, eg, foam density, cell size, column aspect ratio, and% cell size content) . Polyurethane foam is synthesized from the reaction of a diisocyanate (eg, based on methylene diphenyl diisocyanate polymer) and polyols (eg, polyol based on polyether or polyester). Where the diisocyanate is, for example, Lupranate M200R from BASF, and the polyol is, for example, Lupranol 3423 from BASF. The foam was crushed until small particles were obtained and it was sieved with a rotating mill; Subsequently, particle selection was performed using a Retsch air jet sieving instrument.
Cleaning composition for hard bathroom surfaces:
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td>
<td>C9-C11 EO8 (Neodol 91-8®)</td><td> 3</td><td> 2.5</td><td> 3.5</td>
<td>Alkylbenzenesulfonate</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td></td>
<td>C12-14-dimethyl amine oxide</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td></td>
<td>N-butoxypropoxypropanol</td><td></td><td> 2</td><td> 2.5</td>
<td>Hydrogen peroxide</td><td> 3</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Hydrophobic ethoxylated polyurethane (Acusol 882®)</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 1</td><td> 0.8</td>
<td>Lactic acid</td><td> 3</td><td></td><td> 3.5</td>
<td>Citric acid</td><td></td><td> 3</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Polysaccharide (xanthan gum, Keltrol CG-SFT® Kelco)</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 0.25</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.35</td><td> 0.35</td><td> 0.35</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam that have a diameter equivalent to the mean area (ECD): 238 pm; Average circularity: 0.19; Average fastness: 0.59; Average roughness: 0.24</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td>
<td>Water</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Cleaning composition for hard bathroom surfaces (continued):
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td>
<td>Hydrochloric acid</td><td> 2</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Linear C10 alkyl sulfate</td><td> 1.3</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td>
<td>N-Butoxypropoxypropanol</td><td> 2</td><td></td><td> 1.75</td>
<td>Citric acid</td><td></td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td>
<td>Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Luviskol K60®)</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>NaOH</td><td></td><td> 0.2</td><td> 0.2</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.4</td><td> 0.4</td><td> 0.4</td>
<td>Polysaccharide (xanthan gum Kelzan T®, Kelco)</td><td> 0.3</td><td> 0.35</td><td> 0.35</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam that have a diameter equivalent to the mean area (ECD): 162 pm; Average circularity: 0.22; Average fastness: 0.56; Average roughness: 0.21</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td>
<td>Water</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Detergent compositions for manual dishwashing:
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td><td> 9</td>
<td>Sulfocuccinamate Ν-2-ethylhexyl</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td>
<td>C11EO5</td><td> 7</td><td> 14</td><td></td>
<td>C11-EO7</td><td></td><td></td><td> 7</td>
<td>C10-EO7</td><td> 7</td><td></td><td> 7</td>
<td>Trisodium citrate</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td>
<td>Potassium carbonate</td><td> 0.2</td><td> 0.2</td><td> 0.2</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td>
<td>Polysaccharide (xanthan gum Kelzan T®, Kelco)</td><td> 0.35</td><td> 0.35</td><td> 0.35</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam that have a diameter equivalent to the mean area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td>
<td>Water (+ minor component, eg pH adjusted to 10.5)</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Degreasing composition for general use:
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 10</td><td> 11</td>
<td>C9-C11 EO8 (Neodol 91-8®)</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td>
<td>N-Butox, Propox, Propanol</td><td> 15</td><td> 15</td>
<td>Ethanol</td><td> 10</td><td> 5</td>
<td>Isopropanol</td><td></td><td> 10</td>
<td>Polysaccharide (Optlxan-T modified xanthan-glyoxal rubber)</td><td> 0.35</td><td> 0.35</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 280 pm; Average circularity: 0.33; Average fastness: 0.77; Average roughness: 0.15</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td>
<td>Water (+ minor component, eg pH adjusted to alkaline pH)</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Degreasing composition:
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 12</td><td> 13</td><td> 14</td>
<td>C13-16 Sodium Paraffin Sulfonate</td><td> 2.5</td><td> 2.5</td><td> 2.5</td>
<td>C12-14-EO7 (Lutensol AO7®)</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Coconut fatty acid</td><td> 0.3</td><td> 0.3</td><td> 0.3</td>
<td>Sodium citrate</td><td> 3.3</td><td> 3.3</td><td> 3.3</td>
<td>Sodium carbonate</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td>
<td>Orange terpenes</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 2.1</td><td> 2.1</td>
<td>Benzyl alcohol</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 1.5</td><td></td>
<td>1.5 Mw polyacrylic acid</td><td> 0.75</td><td> 0.75</td><td> 0.75</td>
<td>Dlatomean Earth (Cellte 499®, medium size, 10 pm)</td><td> 25</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Calcium carbonate (Merk 2066®, medium size, 10 pm)</td><td></td><td> 25</td><td></td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td>
<td>Water</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Liquid glass cleaner:
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 15</td><td> 16</td>
<td>Butoxypropanol</td><td> 2</td><td> 4</td>
<td>Ethanol</td><td> 3</td><td> 6</td>
<td>C12-14 Sodium Sulfate</td><td> 0.24</td><td></td>
<td>NaOH / citric acid</td><td>up to pH 10</td><td></td>
<td>Citric acid</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 107 pm; Average circularity: 0.34; Average fastness: 0.69; Average roughness: 0.12</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Water (+ minor component)</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Cleaning cloth (body cleaning cloth):
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 17</td><td> 18</td><td> 19</td>
<td>C10 amine oxide</td><td> -</td><td> 0.02</td><td> -</td>
<td>012.14 amine oxide</td><td> 0.4</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Betaine (Rewoteric AM CAS 15 U)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0.2</td>
<td>C9.11 A5EO (Neodol E 91.5®)</td><td> -</td><td> 0.1</td><td> -</td>
<td>C9.11 A8EO (Neodol E 91.8®)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0.8</td>
<td>C12.14 A5EO</td><td> 0.125</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>2-ethylhexyl sulfate</td><td> -</td><td> 0.05</td><td> 0.6</td>
<td>Silicone</td><td> 0.001</td><td> 0.003</td><td> 0.003</td>
<td>EtOH</td><td> 9.4</td><td> 8.0</td><td> 9.5</td>
<td>Propylene glycol butyl ether</td><td> 0.55</td><td> 1.2</td><td> -</td>
<td>Geraniol</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>Citric acid</td><td> 1.5</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Lactic acid</td><td> -</td><td></td><td> 1.5</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 0.15</td><td> 0.15</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 212 pm; Average circularity: 0.25; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td>0.5 gram / m<sup>2</sup></td><td>1 gram / m<sup>2</sup></td><td>3 gram / m<sup>2</sup></td>
<td>Non-woven fabric: 100% viscose spinning yarn 50 g / m<sup>2</sup> (lotion load factor)</td><td></td><td></td><td>(x3.5)</td>
<td>Non-woven fabric: air-laid walkisoft (70% cellulose, 12% viscose, 18% binder) 80 gsm<sup>2 </sup>(lotion load factor)</td><td></td><td>(x3.5)</td><td></td>
<td>Carded thermofixed (70% polypropylene, 30% rayon), 70 g / m<sup>2</sup> (lotion load factor)</td><td>(x3.5)</td><td></td><td></td>
Cleaning cloth (body cleaning cloth):
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 20</td>
<td>Benzalkonium Chloride (Alkaquat DMB-451®)</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>Cocamine oxide (C10 / C16 alkyldimethylamine oxide; ΑΟ-1214 LP supplied by Procter & Gamble Co.)</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Plroglutamic acid (pldolldone) (2-prrolldone-5 carboxylic acid)</td><td> 4</td>
<td>Denatured ethanol with 200 graduation (Alcohol SD 40®)</td><td> 10</td>
<td>Anti-foam DC H-10 (dlmeticona)</td><td> 0.03</td>
<td>Sodium benzoate</td><td> 0.2</td>
<td>Tetrasodium EDTA (Hampene 220®)</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>Sodium chloride</td><td> 0.4</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.01</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 212 pm; Average circularity: 0.25; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19 is loaded on the cloth, e.g. eg, using the cloth lotion, so that 0.2-3 grams of particles / m are achieved<sup>2</sup> substrate</td><td> 2</td>
<td>Water and minor ingredients</td><td>Balance</td>
The aforementioned cloth lotion composition is loaded onto a water insoluble substrate, which is a hydroentangled, patterned nonwoven substrate having a basis weight of 56 grams per square meter, comprising 70% polyester and 30% Rayon, approximately 16 cm wide by 19 cm long (6.5 inches wide by 7.5 inches long) with a gauge of approximately 0.80 mm. Optionally, the substrate can be precoated with dimethicone (Dow Corning 200 Fluid 5 cst) through the use of conventional substrate coating techniques. The cloth to lotion to weight ratio is approximately 2: 1 using conventional substrate coating techniques.
Oral care composition (toothpaste):
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 20</td><td> 21</td>
<td>Sorbitol (70% solution)</td><td> 24.2</td><td> 24.2</td>
<td>Glycerin</td><td> 7</td><td> 7</td>
<td>Carboxymethyl cellulose</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>PEG-6</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td>
<td>Sodium fluoride</td><td> 0.24</td><td> 0.24</td>
<td>Sodium sacharine</td><td> 0.13</td><td> 0.13</td>
<td>Monosodium phosphate</td><td> 0.41</td><td> 0.41</td>
<td>Trisodium phosphate</td><td> 0.39</td><td> 0.39</td>
<td>Sodium tartrate</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td>
<td>TiO2</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Silica</td><td> 35</td><td></td>
<td>Sodium lauroylsarcosinate (95% active)</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td>
<td>Flavoring</td><td> 0.8</td><td> 0.8</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 107 pm; Average circularity: 0.34; Average fastness: 0.69; Average roughness: 0.12</td><td> 2</td><td> 5</td>
<td>Water</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Body cleansing composition:
<td>% in weigh</td><td> 22</td><td> 23</td>
<td>Cocoamidopropyl betaine</td><td> 5.15</td><td> 5.15</td>
<td>Sodium Laurethsulfate</td><td> 5.8</td><td> 5.8</td>
<td>Sodium lauroylsarcosinate</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Polyquaternium 10</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>C12-14 fatty alcohol</td><td> 0.45</td><td> 0.45</td>
<td>Zinc stearate</td><td> 1.5</td><td> 1.5</td>
<td>Glycol distearate</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 0.25</td>
<td>Sodium lauryl sulfate</td><td> 0.53</td><td> 0.53</td>
<td>Cocamidopropyl betaine</td><td> 0.17</td><td> 0.17</td>
<td>Lauramide diethanolamide</td><td> 0.48</td><td> 0.48</td>
<td>Sodium sulfate</td><td> 0.05</td><td> 0.05</td>
<td>Citric acid</td><td> 0.05</td><td> 0.05</td>
<td>DMDM hydantoin (1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin slider)</td><td> 0.2</td><td> 0.2</td>
<td>Tetrasodium EDTA</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Polysaccharide (Optixan-T modified xanthan-glyoxal rubber)</td><td> 0.2</td><td> 0.2</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 2</td><td> 1</td>
<td>Water and minor ingredients</td><td></td><td> 1</td>
<td>Water</td><td>Balance</td><td>Balance</td>
Facial cleansing compositions
<td>Ingredients</td><td> 24</td><td> 25</td><td> 26</td><td> 27</td>
<td>Acrylate copolymers<sup>1</sup></td><td> 1.50</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 1.25</td><td> -</td>
<td>Alkylacrylates / C10-30 Acrylate Crosslinked Polymer<sup>2</sup></td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 1.0</td>
<td>Sodium lauryl sulfate</td><td> 2.0</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium Laurethsulfate</td><td> 8.0</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Ammonium lauryl sulfate</td><td> -</td><td> 6.0</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium trideceth sulfate</td><td> --</td><td> -</td><td> 3.0</td><td> 2.5</td>
<td>Mlrlstoil sodium sarcosinate</td><td> -</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 3.0</td><td> 2.5</td>
<td>Sodium lauroamphoacetate<sup>3</sup></td><td> --</td><td> -</td><td> 6.0</td><td> 5.0</td>
<td>Sodium hydroxide *</td><td>pH> 6</td><td> --</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Triethanolamine *</td><td> --</td><td>pH> 6</td><td> -</td><td>pH 5.2</td>
<td>Cocamldopropil betaine</td><td> 4.0</td><td> 7.0</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Glycerin</td><td> 4.0</td><td> 5.0</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 2.0</td>
<td>Sorbitol</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 2.0</td>
<td>salicylic acid</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 2.0</td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td><td> 0.1</td>
<td>Preservative</td><td> 0.3</td><td> 0.3</td><td> 0.15</td><td> 0.15</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 1.0</td><td> 1.0</td><td> 2.0</td><td> 2.0</td>
<td>PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Trloleate<sup>4</sup></td><td> 0.5</td><td> --</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 0.25</td>
<td>PEG pentaerltritol tetraestearate 150<sup>5</sup></td><td> -</td><td> 0.40</td><td> -</td><td> --</td>
<td>Citric acid**</td><td>pH 5.5</td><td>pH 5.5</td><td>pH 5.5</td><td>pH 5.5</td>
<td>Water</td><td>csp 100%</td><td>csp 100%</td><td>csp 100%</td><td>csp 100%</td>
* Based on supplier's directions for use, base is used to activate acrylate copolymer ** Acid may be added to adjust formula to lower pH
one. Carbopol Aqua SF-1® from Noveon ™, Inc.
2. Carbopol Ultrez 21® from Noveon ™, Inc.
3. Rhodia Mlranol ® Ultra L32
Four. Glucamate LT® from Chemron
5. Crothlx® by Croda
Examples 24 to 27 are done as follows:
Carbopol® is added to the deionized free water of the formulation.
All surfactants are added, with the exception of cationic and betaines. If the pH is less than 6, then a neutralizing agent (typically a base, i.e. triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide) is added to adjust the pH to a value greater than 6. If necessary, gentle heat is applied to reduce viscosity and help minimize air entrapment. Betaine and / or cationic surfactants are added. Additional conditioning agents, rheology modifiers, pearlizing agents, encapsulated materials, exfoliants, preservatives, dyes, fragrances, abrasive particles, and other desirable ingredients are added. Finally, if desired, the pH is lowered with an acid (i.e. citric acid), and the viscosity is increased by adding sodium chloride.
Oral care composition (toothpaste)
<td></td><td> 28</td><td> 29</td><td> 30</td><td> 31</td><td> 32</td>
<td>Sodium gluconate</td><td> 1.064</td><td> 1.064</td><td> 1.064</td><td> 1.064</td><td> 0.600</td>
<td>Stannous fluoride</td><td> 0.454</td><td> 0.454</td><td> 0.454</td><td> 0.454</td><td> 0.454</td>
<td>Sodium fluoride</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Sodium monofluorophosphate</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Zinc lactate</td><td> 0.670</td><td> 0.670</td><td> 0.670</td><td> 0.670</td><td> 2.500</td>
<td>Glycerin</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 36.000</td>
<td>Polyethylene glycol 300</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 7.000</td>
<td>Propylene glycol</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> 7.000</td>
<td>Sorbitol (LRS) USP</td><td> 39.612</td><td> 39.612</td><td> 39.612</td><td> 39.612</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium lauryl sulfate solution (28%)</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 3.500</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 10.000</td><td> 10.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 5.000</td>
<td>Zeodent119</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Zeodent109</td><td></td><td></td><td> 10.000</td><td> 10.000</td><td> 10.000</td>
<td>Hydrogen peroxide (35% solution)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Sodium hexametaphosphate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 13.000</td>
<td>Gantrez</td><td></td><td> 2.000</td><td> 2.000</td><td> 2.000</td><td> -</td>
<td>CaC03-600M natural</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium phosphate (monobasic)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium phosphate (tribasic)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 1.000</td>
<td>Zeodent165</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Cocoamidopropyl betaine (30% solution)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Cetyl alcohol</td><td> 3.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Stearyl alcohol</td><td> 3.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC Natrasol 250M)</td><td> -</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> -</td>
<td>CMC 7M8SF</td><td> -</td><td> 1.300</td><td> 1.300</td><td> 1.300</td><td> -</td>
<td>Xanthan gum</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0.250</td>
<td>Poloxamer 407</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Carrageenan mix</td><td> -</td><td> 0.700</td><td> 0.700</td><td> 0.700</td><td> 0.600</td>
<td>Titanium dioxide</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium sacharine</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td>
<td>Flavoring</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td>
<td>Water</td><td>esp</td><td>esp</td><td>esp</td><td>esp</td><td>esp</td>
Zeodent 119, 109, and 165 are precipitated silica materials available from JM HuberCorporation.
Gantrez is a copolymer of maleic anhydride or acid and methyl vinyl ether.
CMC 7M8SF is a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The poloxamer is a block polymer with two functional groups that ends in primary hydroxyl groups.
<td></td><td> 33</td><td> 34</td><td> 35</td><td> 36</td><td> 37</td>
<td>Sodium gluconate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Stannous fluoride</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium fluoride</td><td> -</td><td> 0.243</td><td> 0.243</td><td> 0.243</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium monofluorophosphate</td><td> 1.10</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td> -</td>
<td>Zinc lactate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Glycerin</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 40.000</td>
<td>Polyethylene glycol 300</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Propylene glycol</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Sorbitol (LRS) USP</td><td> 24.000</td><td> 42.500</td><td> 42.500</td><td> 42.500</td><td> 30.000</td>
<td>Sodium lauryl sulfate solution (28%)</td><td> 4.000</td><td> 4.000</td><td> -</td><td> 4.000</td><td> -</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 10.000</td><td> 10.000</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 15.000</td>
<td>Zeodent119</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 10.000</td><td> -</td>
<td>Zeodent109</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Hydrogen peroxide (35% solution)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Sodium hexametaphosphate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Gantrez</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>CaC03-600M natural</td><td> 35.00</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium phosphate (monobasic)</td><td> 0.10</td><td> 0.420</td><td> 0.420</td><td> 0.420</td><td> 0.420</td>
<td>Sodium phosphate (Tribasic)</td><td> 0.40</td><td> 1.100</td><td> 1.100</td><td> 1.100</td><td> 1.100</td>
<td>Zeodent165</td><td> 2.00</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 2.000</td>
<td>Cocoamidopropyl betaine (solution to 30%)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 5.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Cetyl alcohol</td><td> 0.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Stearyl alcohol</td><td> 0.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC Natrasol 250M)</td><td> -</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> -</td>
<td>CMC 7M8SF</td><td> 1.300</td><td> 1.300</td><td> 1.300</td><td> 1.300</td><td> 1.300</td>
<td>Xanthan gum</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Poloxamer 407</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Carrageenan mix</td><td> -</td><td> 0.700</td><td> 0.700</td><td> 0.700</td><td> -</td>
<td>Titanium dioxide</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium sacharine</td><td> 0.250</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td>
<td>Flavoring</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td>
<td>Water</td><td>csp</td><td>csp</td><td>csp</td><td>csp</td><td>csp</td>
<td></td><td> 38</td><td> 39</td><td> 40</td>
<td>Sodium gluconate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 1.500</td>
<td>Stannous fluoride</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0.454</td>
<td>Sodium fluoride</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium monofluorophosphate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Zinc lactate</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Glycerin</td><td> 40.000</td><td> 10.000</td><td> 25.000</td>
<td>Polyethylene glycol 300</td><td> 3.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Propylene glycol</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sorbitol (LRS) USP</td><td> -</td><td> 39.612</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium laurllsulfate solution (28%)</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 4.000</td><td> 4.000</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 15.000</td><td> 5.000</td><td> 5.000</td>
<td>Zeodent119</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Zeodent109</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Hydrogen peroxide (35% solution)</td><td> -</td><td> 8.570</td><td> 8.570</td>
<td>Sodium hexametaphosphate</td><td> 14.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Gantrez</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>CaC03-600M natural</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium phosphate (monobasic)</td><td> 0.420</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium phosphate (Tribasic)</td><td> 1.100</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Zeodent165</td><td> 2.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Cocoamidopropll betaine (30% solution)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Cetillco alcohol</td><td> -</td><td> 3.000</td><td> -</td>
<td>Stearyl alcohol</td><td> -</td><td> 3.000</td><td> -</td>
<td>Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC Natrasol 250M)</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>CMC 7M8SF</td><td> 1.000</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Xanthan gum</td><td> 0.300</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Poloxamer 407</td><td> 0.500</td><td> -</td><td> 18.000</td>
<td>Carrageenan mix</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Titanium dioxide</td><td> 0.500</td><td> -</td><td> -</td>
<td>Sodium sacharine</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td><td> 0.500</td>
<td>Flavoring</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td><td> 1.000</td>
<td>Water</td><td>csp</td><td>csp</td><td>csp</td>
Hair shampoo
<td></td><td> 41</td><td> 42</td><td> 43</td>
<td>Water</td><td>esp</td><td>esp</td><td>esp</td>
<td>Polyquaternium 76<sup>1</sup></td><td> 0.25</td><td> --</td><td> -</td>
<td>Guar, hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride<sup>2</sup></td><td> --</td><td> 0.25</td><td> --</td>
<td>Polyquaternium 6<sup>3</sup></td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0.25</td>
<td>Sodium Laurethsulfate</td><td> 12</td><td> 10.5</td><td> 10.5</td>
<td>Sodium lauryl sulfate</td><td></td><td> 1.5</td><td> 1.5</td>
<td>Silicone<sup>4</sup></td><td> 0.75</td><td> 1.00</td><td> 0.5</td>
<td>Cocoamidopropyl betaine</td><td> 3.33</td><td> 3.33</td><td> 3.33</td>
<td>Cocoamide MEA</td><td> 1.0</td><td> 1.0</td><td> 1.0</td>
<td>Ethylene glycol distearate</td><td> 1.50</td><td> 1.50</td><td> 1.50</td>
<td>Abrasive particles made of polyurethane foam having a diameter equivalent to the average area (ECD): 216 pm; Average circularity: 0.23; Average fastness: 0.66; Average roughness: 0.19</td><td> 1</td><td></td><td> 2</td>
<td>Crosslinked PS-DVB abrasive cleaning particles (50% DVB 55, average diameter D (v, 0.9) 75 pm)</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td></td>
<td>Fragrance</td><td> 0.70</td><td> 0.70</td><td> 0.70</td>
<td>Preservatives, pH regulators and Vise.</td><td>up to 1%</td><td>up to 1%</td><td>up to 1%</td>
Acrylamide Copolymer (AM) and TRIQUAT, MW = 1,000,000; CD = 1.6 meq./gram; Rhodia
Jaguar C500, MW - 500,000, CD = 0.7, Rhodia
Mirapol 100S, 31.5% active, Rhodia
Fluid dimethicone, Viscasil 330M; particle size 30 microns; Momentive silicones
The dimensions and values described in the present description are not to be understood as strictly limited to the exact numerical values mentioned. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each of those dimensions will mean both the mentioned value and also a functionally equivalent range comprising that value. For example, a dimension described as "40mm" refers to "about 40mm".
Contents7
4 priority claims, no other members on record
Priority claims4
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28888709 | United States of America | P | |
| 32628610 | United States of America | P | |
| 32629010 | United States of America | P | |
| 2010061198 | United States of America | W |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Abandonment or withdrawalAbandonedFA | FA |
Numbers
- Application
- 2012007305
Titles2
- English
- LIQUID CLEANING AND/OR CLEANSING COMPOSITION.
- Spanish
- COMPOSICION LIQUIDA DE LIMPIEZA Y/O LAVADO.
Classification
- IPC, 1
- C11D3 14