Drainage device

Description:

The invention relates to medicine, namely to wound drainage devices in the postoperative period.

The closest technical solution to the one proposed is the drainage device, consisting of a two-channel elastic tube with proximal and distal holes at the ends and with lateral holes, located on sectors along the distal tip of the elastic tube, and between a cinematic main channel cleaning device with bent flexible lids, passed through a pulley fixed in the center of the distal end of the elastic tube through the main channel and its proximal end port in the outside and connected at a point with a movable ring by means of flexible lids, fixed evenly on the inner surface of the movable ring [ 1].

The disadvantages of the known device are that, containing two channels and о relatively large construction elements, it does not allow the use of elastic tubes of small diameters, which leads to the need to make a large incision for its placement in the wound and the additional traumatization of the tissues. healthy. Although the drainage device is equipped with a kinematic cleaning device, its reactivation in case of clogging of the lateral holes is not possible due to the lack of cleaning elements of these holes and, in particular, because of their clogging by the wound tissues. The drainage device, having a constant diameter of the elastic tube, even if it is large, also has a reduced drainage surface, and the lack of adjustment elements of the tube diameter does not allow to adjust this surface according to the topographic structure of the wound.

The problem solved by the invention is to increase the drainage capacity.

The essence of the invention is that the drainage device is an elastic tube which confines the drainage holes and flexible traction adjustment consisting of grooves passing through the channel and the proximal orifice, at which the drainage holes are identical and executed as longitudinal cuts in the wall of the tube. elastic. The cuts are located on sectors in the distal part of the elastic tube, equidistant along its entire circular perimeter, the free ends of the flexible traction axes are fixed on the wall of the elastic tube on the distal part of each sector in two diametrically opposite points. Nodes are executed on the flexible traction shafts near the end of the proximal orifice, and at the exit of the shafts through the proximal orifice, laps are formed, while cuts are made on the proximal end of the tube.

The result consists in improving the drainage through the lumen of the elastic tube and through the drainage elements of the exudate, fibrin, transsudate.

Execution of the kinematic device in the form of a system of autonomous elements for adjusting the diameter of the elastic tube in each sector with lateral holes by equipping each sector with a flexible bending axis, the free ends of which are fixed on the wall of the elastic tube in two diametrically opposed points on the side. distal of the respective sector, by equipping their lava with elements for adjusting and fixing the lengths of the axes on the proximal end of the elastic tube, ensures the efficiency of the elimination or introduction of liquids by individually (autonomously) adjusting the diameter of the tube for each sector, which allows the possibility of correlating the active drainage surface with the topography of the wound and its exact fixation in the outbreak focal point, through the possibility of adjusting the cross-sections of the holes side, by compressing the inflamed tissues with better exudation and by autonomously adjusting the diameter of the tube for each sector depending on the decrease in the amount of exudate.

Execution of the lateral holes in each sector in the form of identical longitudinal cuts in the wall of the elastic tube at equal distances between them on its circular perimeter ensures the reduction of stagnation areas of drained liquids, due to the location of the lateral holes and on the protruding edges of the embossed wall of the tube, but especially due to the possibility of successive embossing (in the desired order) of each sector with lateral holes, that is, the individual adjustment of the tube diameter for each sector, as well as the secure stabilization of the drain in the wound.

The proposed construction of the system of autonomous elements for adjusting the diameter of the elastic tube in each sector with lateral holes also ensures the essential reduction of the cost of the drainage device, the possibility of its operative confection in clinics and the reduction of the excessive traumatization of the healthy tissues through the possibility of using elastic tubes. small diameters.

The invention is explained by the drawings in fig. 1-4, which represents:

FIG. 1, the overview of the passive drainage device (before the wound placement);

FIG. 2, the longitudinal section of the drainage device in the active state (after placement in the wound);

FIG. 3, the position of the distal edge of the drainage device upon its activation in the wound;

FIG. 4, the position of the distal edge of the drainage device when autonomously adjusting the diameter of the elastic tube in the sectors with lateral holes.

The drainage device according to the invention is made of the elastic tube 1, made, for example, of silicone, with the distal end port 2, the proximal end port 3 and the side ports 4. The drain ports 4 are made with the shaped scalpel. of identical longitudinal cuts (of the same length and located in the respective sector at equal distances from the distal end 2 of tube 1) and placed at equal distances between them on the circular perimeter of tube 1. Depending on the extension of the fbcar of purulence in the wound, a sector or more sectors with such cuts can be executed on the entire distal (working) part of the tube in the wall of tube 1.

In the channel 5 of the tube 1 are located the flexible bent axes 6 which form the kinematic system with autonomous elements for regulating the diameter of the elastic tube 1 in the sectors with respective lateral holes 4. The free ends of the threads 6 are fixed by means of the knots 7 m the wall of the elastic tube 1 in two diametrically opposite points from the distal part of the respective sector. The chains 8 of the threads 6 are passed through the channel 5 and the proximal end port 3 and are provided with knots 9, intended for adjusting and fixing the lengths of the threads 6 in the cuts 10, executed in the proximal end 3 of the tube 1.

The drainage device, at its location in the wound, contacts the walls 11 of the incision channel 12 (fig. 3,4). '

Thus, the means and technology of the execution of the proposed drainage device, being very simple and accessible, allow its execution in clinical conditions by the doctor, who performs it according to the real state of the wound.

The drainage device operates as follows.

At each wound closure the distal (working) part of the drainage device is located in a passive state (fig. 1). The number of sectors and lateral holes 4 is determined by the doctor when executing the drainage device according to the objective state of the wound. Also the degree of opening of the lateral holes 4 for each sector is chosen by adjusting and fixing the lengths of the flexible threads 6 in the cuts 10 in the proximal end 3 of the tube 1 by means of the nodes 9 respectively. The opening of the lateral holes 4 is achieved by the extension of the threads 6 and can be the same for all the sectors of the tube 1 (fig. 3) or individually (fig. 4) according to the location of the purulence foci. Due to the fixation of the free ends of the 6 m axes the distal part of the wall of the tube 1 in each sector with the lateral holes 4 in two diametrically opposed points, a longitudinal force and a bending force of the wall elements between the lateral holes 4 acts on the wall wall. autonomous adjustment of the diameter of tube 1 in the respective sector, which in channel 12 of the wound is not possible only on account of the action of the longitudinal force.

When the wound closes, the proximal hole 3 of the tube 2 is left outside the closed wound, on which the bandage is applied.

Drainage of the liquid removed from the wound is carried out through the lateral holes 4, the distal end hole 2 and through the channel 5 of the tube 1, evacuating the wound externally through the proximal end hole 3. In the opposite direction, the healing liquids are introduced.

In the case of clogging of the side holes 4, the reactivation of the drainage device is accomplished by disengaging the knots 9 of the channels 10, by the easy pulling and loosening of the threads 6 with the help of the chains 8. When firing the 6 walls of the sectors with the side holes 4, it is compressed as a "Chinese lantern", increasing the degree of opening of the liquid passage sections through these holes and compressing the walls 11 of the pus focal point, which facilitates the removal of the exudate from the outbreak. At the weakening of the shafts 5 under the action of the elastic forces of the tube wall the respective sectors return to the non-deformed state and the holes 4 are closed. Thus, by adjusting the lengths of the threads 6, the degree of opening of the lateral holes 4 is changed, so also the active drainage surface.

In the case of the absence of the exudate eliminations from a certain area of ​​the wound, the respective sector is reduced to a passive state.

The successive execution of several stretches and loosening of the threads 6 leads to the reactivation of the drainage device and the opening of the holes 4 by the coagulant masses (fibrin, etc.).

The autonomous adjustment of the diameter of the elastic tube 1 in each sector offers various possibilities of action on the wound, for example, the successive compression and drainage of each area of ​​the wound or the drainage under "peristaltic" (fig. 4), which considerably improves the effectiveness of this procedures.

During the completion of the eliminations the drainage device restores the passive state (fig. 1) and is removed from the wound.