Building board

Description:

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to thermal insulation panels that can be used for cladding the facades of buildings and buildings.

In constructions it is widely known the plating of the walls with expanded polystyrene, followed by the plastering of the surfaces and the application of the protective paint. This process is laborious, the surface of the walls having in time о reduced resistance to climatic conditions and о reduced mechanical resistance.

Plating with decorative clinker plate, widely applied in the practice of constructions, is characterized by resistance to the extreme factors, durability, but insufficient thermal insulation of the residential spaces.

The building panel is known, which combines two materials - expanded polystyrene and clinker plate [1].

The disadvantage of this solution is that the panel contains a very massive clinker plate with longitudinal grooves, on the back of which, by the action of steam and pressure, the expanded polystyrene plate is fastened. The execution of the grooves, as well as the use of expensive machines for the action of steam and pressure, completed the manufacturing process of the construction panel and increased the weight of the construction.

The closest solution is the wall panel for the cladding and thermal insulation of the constructions, which contains on the façade surface a plate of calcosodic glass or ceramic granite, from the back of which with the aid of an adhesive composition through the reinforcement grid a layer of thermal insulation material is applied. spongy.

The layer of foam insulation material consists of rows of basic blocks, coupled by means of an adhesive composition with an additional reinforcement network. On the dorsal side of the basic blocks of the thermal insulation material an additional layer of thermal insulation material is also fixed through the network and the adhesive composition. In the basic blocks longitudinal grooves and transvers are formed for the placement of the anchorage consoles, intended for connection with the guides of the construction of resistance [2].

The disadvantage of the described wall panel lies in the very sophisticated and costly technological process, fact determined by the fixation of the basic panels of the ceramic plate by means of the reinforcement network and the adhesive composition, followed by the application of an additional layer of expanded polystyrene, also with the help of the network. reinforcement and adhesive composition.

The problem solved by the invention is to obtain resistant, lightweight panels, for the use of m quality of construction and finishing elements, which are easily mounted technologically on the walls of the buildings and do not impose additional costs related to the joints and joints between the panels. .

The problem is solved by the fact that the construction panel contains several rows of clinker plates, applied in chess and fixed by the plate of insulating material by means of an adhesive composition, as well as anchors located between the clinker plates. On both sides of the panel are constructed elements of joining two adjacent panels. From the о edge of the panel, in the gaps between the non-adjacent rows of clinker plates, grooves are executed on the front surface of the insulating plate as joint elements, and on the opposite edge of the same lines as joint elements serve the ends located in console of clinker plates, with the analog outline of the insulation plate below them. Slots are made on the back surface of the insulation plate under the clinker plate.

The dimensions of the grooves on the front and the back surfaces of the insulating plate correspond to the size, which ensures the joining of the front elements of the two adjacent panels by overlapping and, at the same time, of type "head buried in grooves".

As thermal insulation material, for example, expanded polystyrene, expanded polyurethane, or foam glass can be used.

The result of the invention, which can be obtained by using the new features of the invention as a whole with known ones, is:

- ensuring a tight, seamless connection between adjacent plates,

- the use of lightweight clinker plates, without additional ribs,

- the possibility to adjust the thickness of the expanded polystyrene according to the industrial and social destination of the construction,

- use of the adhesive composition to bond two parts of the panel without additional materials.

The invention is explained by the drawings in FIG. 1 - 6, which represents:

FIG. 1, the general view of the front part of the panel;

MD 109 Z5 2015.11.30

FIG. 2, the panel in section AA;

FIG. 3, the panel in section BB;

FIG. 4, the panel in section CC;

FIG. 5, the panel in the section DD;

FIG. 6, side view of the panel.

The construction panel contains on the front surface several rows of clinker plates 1, applied in chess and fixed by the plate of expanded polystyrene type insulation material 3 by means of an adhesive composition 2. On both front sides of the panel are made joints elements. two adjacent plates. On the right side, in grooves 4 of the non-adjacent rows of clinker plates on the upper plane of the insulation plate, grooves 5 are executed. On the opposite side of the same rows, on the left side of the panel as joint elements, is the extended end in the console of the plate 6. At the same time the groove 7 is executed from the lower plane of the insulating plate under the clinker plate. In the panel, between the clinker plates are mounted at least four bushes 8, coupled with the expanded polystyrene plate 3 by means of adhesive composition 2, for mounting and fixing the panel of buildings and constructions by means of anchors 9. In the process of joining the panels the extended parts in the console of the plate 6 enter into the holes 4, forming a о type combination "head buried in grooves".

The front ends of the grooves 5 and 7 overlap with its surfaces, ensuring a tight, seamless connection between the adjacent plates.

In relation to the fact that the panels have sufficient resistance, they are ecologically non-aggressive, and when mounting them on buildings and buildings, no wet joints are used, which excludes the formation of mold fungi on the walls of buildings, they can be applied as building elements. and finishing for industrial and private constructions, for finishing buildings, buildings and spaces, and for installing ventilated facades. The clinker plate, being a pure ecological material, resistant to the action of aggressive environmental factors, for example, to acid rain, possesses о increased durability. At the same time, it safely protects the thermal insulation material from external factors, increasing the operating time and extending the period between two successive repairs of the buildings and buildings equipped with the panels in question, excluding cosmetic repairs. Due to the existence of a compound compound in stages, using the combination "overlay" and "head buried in grooves", it is possible to adjust panels with a minimum of joints, which, in addition to improving the artistic perception of the building or edifice, does not require additional application of thermal insulation or adhesive compositions, but also increases the durability and thermal insulation qualities.

(56) Bibliographic references cited in the description:

1. FROM 4336785 TO 1995.05.11

2. RU 2275480 Cl 2006.04.27