Excitation and use of guided surface waves

No 8

(Excitation and use of directed surface waves)

Summary

The present invention relates to the disclosure of various models of transmitting and receiving transmitted energy in the form of a mode

A waveguide of a directed surface wave along the surface of a medium with a lot of loss b including, for example, a medium

A: Excited ground with a sensor on the night, a directed surface wave I

(Excitation and the use of wet surface waves 5248 1 4

Full description

Cross-reference to relevant requests

101 This application is based on the precedence of an application, the unresolved US non-provisional patent 5 under the heading Excitation and Use of Surface Directed Waves, which was filed on June 2, 2015, and the particular application number is 728/14, 492, and the US non-temporary patent application Which has not been decided upon with the title of excitation and use of directed surface waves filed on June 2, 2015 and the particular application number is 14/728, 507, and both are used throughout this document as a reference in its entirety

10 102 This application relates to an unresolved US patent application with title

Excitation and use of directed surface wave modes in relation to a lossy medium, which was filed on March 7, 2013, and the specific application number is 789, 538/13, and was published on September 1, 2014, and the publication number of the US application is 2014/0252886 1, which It is included here as a reference in its entirety. This application also relates to a non-temporary patent application

15 The American unresolved title of excitation and use of waves for a directed surface wave in relation to a medium of much loss that was filed on March 7, 2013 and the specific application number 525, 789/13, and was published on September 11, 2014, and the publication number of the American application is 2014 / 0252865 Α1, which is included here in this document for reference in its entirety. This application also relates to the unresolved US patent application with title

20 Excitation and use of directed surface wave modes with respect to a much lost medium

Filed on September 10, 2014, and the particular application number is

9 i 0 ^, uh, m 18

Included here as reference in its entirety.

Technical background:

103 For more than a century, signals transmitted by radio waves have contained wavelengths

5 Radiation released using conventional aerial structures. In contrast to radio science, the electrical power distribution systems of the last century included direct energy traveling along electrical moles. This understanding of the distinction between radio frequency (rf) and power transmission has been around since the early 1900's

Disclosure of the invention:

10 104 Models for the current detection relate to the excitation and use of directed surface waves

[05] In an embodiment, a method includes, among other things, the positioning of the terminal of the charge at a specified height over a loss-heavy medium; Adjustment of phase delay (*) of a feed grid connected to the charge end to match the angle of inclination of the wave (ستر) corresponding to the composite Brewster angle of incidence (= H5) associated with a lossy tolloyl medium; Set the load impedance d0 at the charge terminal on the basis of flat ground resistance

15 For image 0¾) associated with a lossy tolloy medium; The excitation of the charge tip by the excitation voltage across the feeder network, where the excitation voltage creates an electric field coupled in a waveguide position to a wave surface along the surface of the much lossy Tollell medium

106 In one or more of the aspects of these embodiments, the feed network may include a feed-line molar coupled to the charge end and a coupled coil between a lossy toylate medium and a mole of a line

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Depart where you live in the warmest phase (with your network of two phases) (H9, connected to the supply line and the phase delay D0) associated with the file. The phase delay setting (4) may include setting the phase delay (4) associated with the coil. The feed line muller can be re-positioned on the coil to adjust the phase delay D) associated with the coil. The machine can be re-positioned by the feed line muller on the coil via a variable branching point. The Brewster composite angle of incidence (00) associated with a lossy toyla medium based on the operational frequency of the excitation voltage and the properties of the much lost toyla medium. May include characteristics of a bulk tolloyl medium such as infinity and permittivity

10)

20)

107 In one or more aspects of these models, the ground planar resistance of the DTQ image could be (based at least in part on the phase displacement) between the physical boundaries of the much-lost medium and the ground plane of the mole-image. The physical limits of the lossy corrosive medium and ground plane of the dahlium image can be separated by a composite depth. The load resistance of the charge terminal can be adjusted based on the reactive component of the plane ground resistance of the Dahl image. The load impedance can be set (0) for the charge end so that it corresponds to the reactive component of the flat ground resistance of the image. Dahm (with a rectifier for the dah structure) linked to the feed network and the charge end, the phase delay (0) can be fixed to the feed network while the load resistance d) is adjusted for the charge end. That the charge end includes an effective spherical diameter, and the specified height of the charge end may be equal to at least four times the effective spherical diameter in order to reduce the bound capacitance. The charge end may be coupled to a source of excitation via a coil,

108 In one or more aspects of these models, a change can be felt permanently in a lossy medium; The phase delay (4) of the feeding network that has been transformed at the charge end can be adjusted to correspond to the inclination angle of a modified wave in response to the change within the space of the much medium length.

The loss is defined as the slope of the wave to a rate of 1 for the Yawen Yusen parade A 0 for the one that is linked to the interconnected medium of a large loss in any variable. The method may also include a load resistance (G1) tip

The charge based on the new image ground plane resistance on the basis of a lossy medium with variable frequency. The medium of the tulle may be much lost in the middle of the ground.

10)

109 In another embodiment, a probe for a directed surface waveguide includes a tip of the charge high above the lossy medium of Tolleil; And a feed net that was formed so that an excitation source was coupled to the charge end, a feed grid was formed to provide voltage to the charge end with a phase delay (*) corresponding to the wave inclination angle (f) associated with the Brewster composite angle of incidence (A) associated with a much lossy Tollell medium, and including the charge end. Load resistance (e) to be challenged on the basis of the image plane ground resistance (d) associated with a highly lost duct medium.

[010] In one or more of the aspects of these embodiments, the feed network may include a molar of the feed line coupled to the charge end and a coupled coil between a loose toll medium and a molar of the feed line, wherein the phase delay (0) of the feed network includes a associated phase delay (). Pmullull to the feed line phase delay (e_ffLinked to the file. The file can be a spiral file. The excitation source can be 15 associated with the coil via the branching point torch. The resistance matching network can be paired between the excitation source and the branching terminal on the coil. The excitation source can be magnetically coupled to the coil or coupled to the coil across and to the branch point. The feed grid can be configured to change the phase delay (e) to match the wave angle (ψ).

1011 In one or more aspects of these embodiments, a system can be configured to control 20 probes so as to adjust the feeding network on the basis of at least partly the characteristics of the proxy medium.

loss. The feed network can include a read file

Nyin source, excited, 4 h

As the charge end can be coupled to the coil via a variable branching point, the probe control system can adjust the position of the variable branching point in response to the change in the properties of the tackle medium.

1012 In another embodiment, it includes a method of positioning the tip of the charge with a directed surface wave guide probe

5 At a specified height over a loose toll deer medium; Set a traveling wave phase delay (0) with the directed surface waveguide probe to correspond to the wave angle () with a surface wave in the lossy tulip medium; In one winding with superimposed excitation of a standing wave on the surface directed waveguide probe by exploiting the phase delays from the transmission line segments of the vectored surface guide probe in addition to the phase jumps arising from the contact disconnection in the resistors

10 Characteristic of transmission line segments, the superimposed standing wave is located on the basis of a composite image plane situated at a compound depth of the base of the guided surface guide probe; The excitation of the charge end using the excitation voltage across the transmission line segments, where the excitation charge distribution creates an electric field coupled inside the position of a guided guide with a directed surface wave along a surface of the lossy toll medium.

15 1013 In another embodiment, a method includes coupling a receiving structure with a lossy toylate medium;

And the matching of the situation with the directed surface wave that was generated on the medium of the lossy calculus, where the phase delay of the traveling wave (0) of the receiving structure is matched with the inclination angle of the wave (B) associated with the directed surface wave, and the pitch angle () is partly based on The least characteristic of the much lost tulle medium in the vicinity of the receiving structure. The terminal of the charge can be suspended by the receiving structure

20 At a specified height above the surface of the central loose tulle. The electrical power can be extracted from a structure

Receive via file.

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[014] In Jas or any of the moussin of models, you can ask me ^ You will be asked on a coupled receiver network between the terminal of the shipment and the medium of the long lost method. The receiver network may include a coil associated with a lossy, molar, and supply line medium coupled between the coil and the terminal of the charge, where the traveling wave phase delay (0) is based on the phase delay of the coil and the molar phase delay of the supply line. A traveling phase delay adjustment (4) may include tuning of the branching point portion of a coil to change the phase delay (0) of the coil. Molle can be associated with the supply line to the coil via the branching point. The charge end can include effective spherical diameter, and the specified height of the charge end is not less than four times the effective spherical diameter so as to reduce the hardening capacity.

10 1015 In one or more of the sides with these models, the reception structure may resonate with respect to

For the aura plane at a compound depth below the surface of the central loose tulle. The resonance of the receiving structure may include the adjustment of the load resistance () to the charge terminal on the basis of the image plane ground resistance (dl) associated with a much lossy Tollel medium. The resonance of the receiving structure can create a standing wave on the receiving structure by exploiting the phase delays of line segments

15 Transmission by the receive structure in addition to the phase jumps arising from outages in the feature resistors of the segments of the transmission line, and the standing wave superimposed by a traveling wave on the receiving structure

6 101 In another embodiment, a receiving structure was constructed to match the situation with a directed surface wave based on a lossy modular medium having a charge tip high on the medium of the lossy tackle; A receiver network was paired between the terminal of the shipment and the lossy toll medium

20 The receiver network includes a phase delay (0) corresponding to the wave angle (V) associated with the wave

Directed surface, and the angle of inclination of the wave is (mi)

On the lion on the F-8, the drag 2, the bald and the CT 18

The lost tulle is close to the receiving structure.

[017] In one or more of the sides of these embodiments, the charge terminal may include a variable load resistance (¾). DCM (variable load resistance) can be determined on the basis of flat ground resistance

5 For image del) associated with a loose tolleal medium next to the receiver architecture. The load impedance (dl) can be adjusted so that the receiving structure resonates with respect to the fluctuation level at a compound depth below a medium surface to a much lossless deion. The resonance of the receiving structure can create a standing wave on the receiving structure by exploiting the phase delays from the transmit line segments of the receiver network in addition to the phase jumps arising from outages in the resistors with the advantage of the transmission line segments.

10 [018] In one or more of the aspects of these models, the receiver network may include

A coil associated with a much lost and dulled supply line medium is coupled between the coil and the charge terminal, where the phase delay (*) of the receiver network is based on the phase delay (54) of the coil and the phase delay (lf) of the supply line molall The receiving structure can include a variable branch point It is configured to set the phase delay (50) in the coil. The receiving architecture may include matching impedance to the network

15 Associated with the file. The resistance matching ghost can be inductively coupled to the coil.

1019 In another embodiment, a method includes placing a receiving structure with respect to a terrestrial medium; And receiving, via a receiving structure, energy transmitted in the form of a directed surface wave on a medium-ground surface, in one or more sides of these models, the receiving structure can load an excitation source coupled to a surface oriented waveguide probe that creates the directed surface wave. maybe

20 Energy includes electrical capacity, and electrical power can be applied to an electrical load that is associated with a structure

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Lasevbal, when possible. Al-Fudra is a khatiyyah as a source for my fate. The electrical load can be impedance matched with the receiving structure. A transfer of the ultrasonic power can be generated from the receiving structure to the electrical load The receiving structure may include a magnetic coil, linear probe and / or tuned resonator coupled to the ground medium

5 [020] In another embodiment, a device includes a receiving structure that receives the energy transmitted in wave form

Surface oriented along a surface with a terrestrial center. In one or more of the sides with these models, the receiving structure can be modulated to carry an excitation source coupled to a directed surface waveguide probe that creates the directed surface wave. Power can include electrical capacity, the receiving structure is coupled to an electrical load, and where electrical capacity is applied to the electrical load, it is

10 Using electrical power as a power source for electrical load. The load can be resistance identical to the receiver structure The receiver structure can include a magnetic coil, linear probe and / or tuned resonator. Toned resonator may include a series toned resonator, parallel toned resonator and / or distributed toned resonator

1021 In another embodiment, the power transmission system includes a surface waveguide probe 15 that transmits electrical energy in the form of a directed surface wave along a surface of the Earth's medium; And structure

A receiver is receiving electrical energy, and in one or more sides of these embodiments, the receiving structure can carry a probe for a directed surface wave guide. An electrical load can be coupled to the receiving structure and the electrical energy can be used as a power source for the electric load. The electrical load can be an identical resistance to the receiving circuit. A maximum power transfer can be created from a structure

20 Receiver to electrical load

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[022] In the [Kho] model, a method is completed on the R0L of the buzzing tunnel in your midline and create a ni 4 directed surface waves along a surface in a terrestrial medium by excitation of the probe for a guided surface wave. In one or more of the aspects of these models, the transmission energy may include in the form of placing a surface wave guide directed along a surface in a terrestrial medium through the excitation of a probe for a surface wave directed on an artificiality a set of fields that closely match the position of the probe for the waveguide. Surface oriented at the center of the Earth, where the radials radiate a forward incidence of the positive at the angle of Brewster installed in the middle of the Earth, resulting in little reflection

1023 In another embodiment, the device includes a probe for a directed surface wave guide that is modulated to create

10 A set of resultant transponders that are largely identical to the position of the directed surface wave on a surface with a lossy Toll medium. In one or more sides of these embodiments, the lossy tulle media may include a ground medium. The resulting waves can synthesize a massive wave incident at the Brewster angle compounded by the lossy tulle medium, resulting in a large aftershock reflection.

15 1024 In another embodiment, a method includes placing a receiving circuit with respect to a ground medium and receiving,

Via a receiving circuit, energy transmitted in the form of a surface wave directed at a medium-ground surface, on one or more sides of these models, an electrical load coupled to a receiving circuit can load an excitation source coupled to a probe for a guide surface wave that generates a directed surface wave. Energy can include electrical power. Electric power can be applied to a coupled electric load

20 In the receiving circuit, where the electrical power is used as the power source for the electric load,

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It was made possible by the fact that it was inactivity for a disincentive, the energy of a short circuit for a continuous response, to tell my people the maximum from the receiving circuit to the electrical load

1025 In another embodiment, a device comprises a receiving structure that receives energy transported in the form of a surface wave directed along a surface in a lossy tolloy medium. In one or more of the sides of these models, the lossy tulip medium also comprises a ground medium in which an electrical load coupled to an excitation source load receiving circuit can be coupled to a probe for a directed surface waveguide that generates a directed surface wave. The receiving circuit may include one magnetic coil, linear probe, or tuned resonator,

10)

1026 In another embodiment, a power transmission system includes a directed surface waveguide probe that sends electrical energy in the form of a directed surface wave along a mid-ground surface and a receiving circuit that receives the electrical energy. On one or more sides of these models, an electrical load associated with the receiving circuit can mount a probe for the surface-guided guide. Electric power can be used as the power source for an electrical load coupled to the receiving circuit. A transfer of the maximum power can be created from the receiving circuit to the electrical load

15 [027] In another embodiment, the surface oriented waveguide probe includes an elevated charge tip

Over the medium of a loose tulle and a feeding network that was formed in such a way that it is associated with an excitation source at the charge end and the feed grid can be formed to provide voltage to the charge end. A transformer has a nickel (,) from the surface-oriented guide-conductor probe. Could

20 That the center of the towel is a lot of loss in the middle of my ground.

1028 On one or more sides

But the models, in the extent that he will be full of him, cursed me with knowledge of 18

Associated coil between the excitation source and the charge terminal. The file can be a spiral file. maybe

The excitation source is associated with the file via the word and branch point. The allele can have a branch point at a point corresponding to a resistor on the coil. An impedance matching network can be paired between two sources

5 Excitation and allelism with a branching point on the coil The excitation source can be magnetically coupled to the coil. The charge tip can be coupled to the coil through the allelic to the branch point.

1029 On one or more sides of these models, the charge tip may be placed at a physical height (increment) corresponding to the magnitude of the effective height of the surface-oriented waveguide probe, where

0! = With e “(2 cr_eff = I, obtaining the effective height by * / 7 = A0

10 It is a phase for effective elevation. The phase can be roughly equal to the angle and wavelength of illumination corresponding to the installed Brewster angle. The charge tip may include an effective spherical diameter, and the charge tip can be placed at a height not less than four times the effective spherical diameter. The height of the charge tip can be greater than the physical height (0 liters) corresponding to the effective height of the surface oriented guide probe, where it is obtained The effective height from

15 Khalloum 9: =, with AH- (0 / 2G) = 00

[030] In another embodiment, we find a system that includes a directed surface wave guide probe, which includes a charge tip raised above a lossy medium, and a feed network that has been formed to provide a voltage to the charge end as it creates an electric field that includes a wave inclination (0) so that it intersects The center of the tulle is very lost at the tangent to the tangent of the Brewster composite angle (m0) at a conversion distance to Hankel S

20 From the surface-oriented waveguide probe; An excitation source is coupled to the charge terminal via the feeder network. The center of the towel may be much lost in the middle of the earth,

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[031] In one or any of the two spawners there are models, with a set of 9 dormers standing in a track to set a directed surface wave guide probe on a basis at least in part on the properties of the wasted tulip medium. The feeding network may include a coil associated with a source.

Excitation and charge tip, wherein the charge tip can be coupled to the coil via a variable branching point the coil can be a helical. The probe control system can adjust the position of the variable branching point in response to the change in the properties of the loose tubercle medium. Adjusting the position of the variable branching point can adjust the inclination of the electric field wave to correspond to the luminance of the wave that intersects the center of the lossy tulle at the compound Brewster angle (2: nha) at a Hankel transformation distance (ξ).

[032] Regulations, methods, features, and other features will be clarified in the Skilled's Current Disclosure

0 [Art when examining the following drawings and detailed wrapping. It is intended that all of these systems, methods, features, and additional features are included in this list, and that they are within the scope of the current disclosure, and that they are protected under the terms of protection attached

1033 In addition, all optional and preferred features and modifications of the rolled forms are usable in all aspects of the disclosure where instruction has been given. In addition, the individual features of the assigned protection label, as well as all the optional and preferred features and modifications in the models shown, are interchangeable and interchangeable with each other.

Brief description of the shapes:

[034] Several aspects of the present disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following graphics. The components in the graphics are not necessarily widespread, but rather they are

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41524Β1

Emphasis on a clear clarification of disclosure principles as well

Similar reference numbers correspond to parts throughout the different scenes

[035] Figure 1 is a diagram depicting the field strength as a function of distance across the directed EMF and the radiating EMF.

5 1036 Figure 2 is a drawing showing a signal interface with two regions used to transmit a wave

Surface oriented according to different models of the current detection

[037] Figure 3 is a drawing showing the vectored surface wave guide probe with respect to a propagation interface in Fig. 2 according to the embodiment of the present detection

1038 Figure 4 is a diagram of an example of the quantities of the proximal and distant asymptotes for functions

10 Hankel is the first fickle according to various models in the current revelation

1039 Figures 5a and 5b are drawings showing a compound angle to the incidence of an electric field created by a probe for a surface wave guide directed according to different models of the current detection.

[040] Figure 6 is a graphical representation showing the effect of the charge tip height on the site where the electric field in Figure 5a intersects the center of the lossy tulip at the Brewster angle according to different models from 15 of the present disclosure

[041] Figure 7 is a graphical representation of an example showing a surface waveguide probe directed according to a model with the current detection,

1042 As for the shapes

From

A8 to 8c are graphic representations of A18

Equivalent image of a surface waveguide probe guided by Figures 3 and 7 according to various models

With the current detection,

1043 Figs 9a to 9c are graphic representations showing examples of single-wire transmission line 5 and conventional transmission line modes for equivalent picture plane modes of Figs 8b and 8c according to different models in the present disclosure.

[044] Figure 10 is a process flow diagram showing an example of tuning the directed surface wave guide probe of Figures 3 and 7 to emit a surface wave directed along a surface of a large lossy medium according to different models of the present detection.

10 [045] Figure 11 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between wave angle and phase delay

The surface wave guided probe of Figures 3 and 7 according to different models of the current detection.

[046] Figure 12 is a Smith diagram which shows an example of the load resistance adjustment of the surface guided waveguide probe of Figures 3 and 7 according to different models of the current detection.

[047] Fig. 13 is a plot diagram where the field strength is theoretically compared that was measured for the probe 15 of a surface waveguide directed in Figures 3 and 7 according to a model of the present detection.

[048] Figures 14A to 14C depict examples of receiving structures that can be used to receive the transmitted energy in the form of a directed surface wave that was released by the guided surface wave guide probe according to different models of the current detection.

1049 Figure 4AD is a diagram

Process flow illustrates an example of a duck 44 to 52 not 4 what

Different from the current list

1050 Figure 15 depicts an example of an additional receiving structure that can be used to receive the transmitted energy in the form of a directed surface wave fired by a surface waveguide probe according to

5 For different models in the current list

1051 FIG. 16A depicts a representative diagram representing the tefenene equivalent for the receivers that have been wound in Figs 14a and 14b according to a model of the present disclosure.

1052 Figure 6 1b depicts a representative plot representing the Norton equivalent of a winded receiver in Fig. 15 according to the embodiment of the current detection.

10 [053] Figures 17a and 17b are representative diagrams that represent examples of a gauge probe

The molar and open wire line probe, respectively, according to the model with the current detection.

[054] Figure 18 is a representative diagram of an example of an adaptive control system used by a system

To control the probe of Fig. 3 according to different models of the current detection

[055] Figures 9A-19B and 20 are drawings of examples of variable limbs to be used

15 Part of the shipment according to different models of the current detector

A detailed description of the invention?

[056] In al-Bala`qa, the situation of biting, which we call, is to bite the mouth with a final blade

To be followed. First, as contemplated here, a formal distinction is made between electromagnetic fields

Radiant and directed electromagnetic fields

[057] As contemplated here, the radiated electromagnetic field comprises the electromagnetic energy emitted 5 from a source structure in the form of waves not bound by a waveguide. For example, the field is

Radiant electromagnetic is usually a field that leaves an electrical structure like an antenna and propagates through the atmosphere or other medium and is not bound by any waveguide structure. Once the radiating electromagnetic waves leave an electrical structure like an antenna, they continue to propagate in the propagation medium (like air) regardless of their source until they dissipate regardless of whether the source is still working. And once it is radiated

10 Electromagnetic waves, they can only be recovered if they are intercepted, and, if not, the potential energy of the radiating electromagnetic waves is lost forever. Electrical structures such as antennas are designed to radiate electromagnetic fields by maximizing the ratio of radiation resistance to the loss resistance of the structure. The radiant energy is spread in space and is lost regardless of whether the receiver is present. The energy density in radiating fields is a function of distance due to geometric propagation. Accordingly,

5 [The term object with all forms of e as used here refers to this form of electromagnetic propagation.

[058] A directed electromagnetic field is a propagating electromagnetic wave whose energy is concentrated at or near the boundaries between media having different electromagnetic properties. In this sense, the directed electromagnetic field is a field related to the waveguide and can be twisted to transmit

20 By the current flowing in the waveguide. If there is no load to receive and / or dissipate the energy transmitted in the directed electromagnetic wave, then no energy is lost except for that which is dissipated

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In the middle Mohlama, we direct a mother from the ravine 1 to the other, which is the head of her head, which is a code on 52, where the hull is a bearing for the directed electromagnetic wave, then no energy is consumed. Thus, a generator or other source creates a directed electromagnetic field that does not deliver true power unless there is a resistive load. To this end, this generator or other source is running mainly at slow speed until the load is displayed. This is akin to operating a generator to generate an electromagnetic wave of 60 hertz that is sent across power lines where there is no electrical load. It should be noted that directed or wave electromagnetic field is equivalent to what is called transmission line mode. This contrasts with radiating electromagnetic waves in which the real power is provided at all times so as to create radiating waves, unlike radiated electromagnetic waves, the energy does not continue

10 Directed electromagnetism is propagated along a waveguide of limited length after the power supply is turned off. Accordingly, the term guide in all its forms as used here refers to the transmission mode in electromagnetic propagation

1059 Referring now to Fig. 1, where a 100 field-strength graph in decibels (dD) is shown above an optional signal in volts per meter, a function of distance in kilometers on the graph

15 Long^-dD For further explanation of the difference between radiated and directed EMFs depict the drawing

Graph 100 of Figure 1 is the vector field strength curve 103, which shows the field strength of a wave electromagnetic field as a function of distance. The directed field-strength curve 103 is basically the same as the transmission line mode. Also, graph 100 of Fig. 1 depicts a curve of the radiative field strength 106 where it shows the field strength of a radiating EM field as a function of distance.

20 [060] The shapes of interest are those with curves 103 and 1 06 which are aunt

Waveguided and radioactive propagation, respectively. The irradiated field strength curve decreases by 106 meds (i.e.

Logarithmic. The vector field-strength curve 103, on the other hand, includes a characteristic exponential decay

It shows a distinct knee 109 on the logarithmic-logarithmic scale. The vector field strength curve 103 and the radiated field strength curve 106 intersect at point 113, which occurs at a distance

5 To intersect. At distances less than the intersection distance at the intersection point 113, the field strength of the directed EMF is significantly greater in most locations than the field strength of the radiated EMF, at distances greater than the intersection distance, the opposite is correct and, therefore, the vector and radiated field strength curves 103 And 106 also explain the basic propagation difference between directed and radiant EMFs. For an informal discussion of the difference between

10 Directed and Radiant Electromagnetic Fields, referenced to Milligan, T, Modern Antenna Design, McGraw-Hill, First Edition, 1985, pages 8 to 9, which are included here in this document for reference in its entirety.

1061 The distinction between radiated and directed electromagnetic waves, illustrated above, is easily expressed and placed on the basis of ARM. That two of these varied solutions can arise from the solution of 5 [one and the same linear partial differential equation, follows the wave equation, analytically from the boundary conditions imposed on the problem. The green function of the wave equation itself contains the distinction between the nature of directed waves and radiation.

[062] In empty space, the wave equation is a differential operator whose intrinsic functions possess a continuous spectrum of Igen values ​​at the level of the compound wave number, and this transverse electromagnetic field (tEM) 20 is called the radiation field, and these propagation fields are called hertzial waves. However, in the presence of tulle terms, the wave equation plus the boundary conditions mathematically lead to a representation

Spectral thinner. To enter the number of values ​​from the spectrum, we age by 1 to add L with the value of 0 ^ F. And for this purpose, Uber die Ausbreitung der Wellen m der Drahtlosen is referred to as Sommerfeld.

Telegraphie, Annalen der Vysyk, Volume 28, 1909, for the smiles of 665-736. See also Sommerfield, A, Radio Problems, which is published as Chapter 6 in Partial Differential Equations in

5 Physics - Lectures on Theoretical Physics: Volume VI, Academic Press, 1949, pp. 289-236, 296-295; Colin, R. E, Hertizean Dipole Radiation Over a Lost Earth or Sea: Some Discussions in the Early and Late Twentieth Century, IEEE Antennas and Diffusion Journal, Volume 46, No. 2, April 2004, Afhat 64-79; & Reich, .HJ, Ornung,

PF, Krause, .HL, & Skalnik, .JG, Microwave Theory and Techniques, Van Nostrand, 1953,

10 For Afhat 291-293, each of these references is included here in this document as a reference in its entirety

[063] Terms such as ground wave and surface wave clearly define two different phenomena of physical propagation. Analytically, a surface wave arises from a distinct pole that results in a separate component in the plane wave spectrum. See, for example, the excitation of plane waves through

15 Cullen, AL, (IEE Procedures (Britain), Volume 101, Part IV, August 1954, pp. 235-225). In this context, a surface wave is a directed surface wave. The surface wave (meaning the directed wave Xenik - Somerfield) is, physically and mathematically, not the same as the ground wave (meaning Will-Norton-FCC) and is now very familiar from radio broadcasts. These two propagation mechanisms arise from the excitation of different types of eigenvalue spectrum (continuous or discrete) on the complex plane, decaying

20 The field strength of the directed surface wave exponentially with distance as shown by curve 103 of Fig. 1 (very similar to propagation in a lossy waveguide) and similar to propagation in a transmission line

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Hajj | A 4 g

Radial, as opposed to the conventional H-wave A-wave radiation

It carries a series of Igen values, which are geometrically sloped as shown from the 1 06 curve in Fig. 1, in CR Burrows and from results from branching integrals. Experience also proved through

Surface wave in flat Earth radio propagation (Procedures from IRE, Vol. 25, No. 2,

5 February 1937, pp. 219-229) and the surface wave in radio transmission (Record of Bell Laboratories Vol. 15, June 1937, Pages 321-324), vertical antennas radiate ground waves but do not emit surface directed waves

[064] To summarize the above, firstly, the parallel portion l of a spectrum with an eigenvalue of the wave number corresponds to the branching integrals, where the radiation field is produced, and secondly, the discrete spectra, and the sum of 0 [the corresponding residues resulting from the poles surrounded by the integration contour, That induce transverse non-electromagnetic traveling surface waves that are exponentially inactivated in a transverse direction with respect to propagation. And those surface waves are linear modes of directed transmission. For further explanation, refer to Friedman, B, Principles and Techniques of Applied Mathematics, Wiley, 1956, Blahat 214, 286-283; (290, 298-300.

15 [065] In free space, the antennas excite the polymorphic Igen values ​​of the wave equation, which is a radiative field,

Where the RF energy is spread out externally with a 30J and compatible phase lost forever. On the other hand, the waveguide path excites the discrete Igen values, resulting in transmission line propagation. See Cullen, ER, Vectorial Wave Field Theory, McGraw-Hale, 1960, for Ophthalmology 453, 477-474. While such theoretical analyzes have imposed a hypothetical possibility of a launch

20 Open surface vector waves on flat or spherical surfaces with great loss, and homogeneous media, for more than a century there have been no known structures in the engineering arts to achieve this with any

Process efficiency. Unfortunately, since its appearance in the early 1900's, the LJ3 Li 1 B4 has a flag M18

It remained mainly theoretical and there were no known structures to achieve the practical release of open surface vector waves on flat or spherical surfaces of great loss, and homogeneous media.

[066] According to various embodiments of the current detection, many surface waveguide probes are coiled

5 Directed and modulated to excite electric fields that are coupled within a directed surface waveguide position along a surface of a lossy Tollal medium. These directed electromagnetic waves are adapted, to a large extent, in magnitude and phase with respect to the placement of a directed surface wave on a surface in the medium of the lossy tulle. This mode of a surface wave is also called a directed surface wave position of Zenik by virtue of the fact that the resulting fields are excited by the guide probes.

10 The directed surface wave that has been spun around is, to a large extent, a situation identical to the position of a directed surface wave guide on a surface in a lossy Tolleil medium. Loss on earthly medium like the earth

[067] Referring to Fig. 2, it illustrates the propagation interface that is available for solution assay

15 The boundary value of Maxwell's antagonists derived in 1907 by Jonathan Zinik as shown in an article by Jonathan Zinik, Propagation of plane electromagnetic waves along a flat Tolleille surface and their relationship to radio telescope, Analin der Fisik, Series Edition No. 4, Volume 23, September 20, 1907, for Afhat 846-866. Figure 2 depicts cylindrical coordinates of propagation waves with the direction of the diameter along the interface between the center of the tulle much

20 The specific loss as Region 1 and the dielectric defined as Region 2. Zone 1 can include, for example, any lossy spin medium. In one example, a much lost Tollel medium may be included

On the middle of the ground floor 1 to the ground, or any other area, or in a sphere 2

Inter-parametric with Region 1 and has different base variants with respect to Region 1. It may include

Region 2, for example, on any insulator such as the atmosphere or another medium goes coefficient

The reflection of such a boundary interface is only zero with respect to the incidence at a compound angle

5 For Brewster. See Julius Adamsstratton, Electromagnetic Theory, McGraw-Hale, 1941, for AFF. 516

[068] According to various models, the present disclosure identifies various surface-waveguide probes generating substantially identical positioned EMFs with the positioning of a directed surface waveguide on the surface of the lossy tolay medium comprising Region 1. According to various models, these EMFs essentially synthesize a forward incidence of the wave at a compound angle of a brewer with a lossy tulle medium that can lead to a reflection of Afri.

1069 To clarify further, in region 2, where the change is imposed by the field clear and where 0 # P and 0 <Z (with Z being the vertical coordinate perpendicular to the surface in region 1, and E being the radial dimension in cylindrical coordinates), the solution is expressed Exactly for the closed form of Zinek from 15 Maxwell antagonists that satisfy boundary conditions along the interface through the following electric field and magnetic field components where:

(1) gm2r -) (2, ^l-, z =_2٠»

(2) Blood 2R-6H ''^٠؛“L (j) m: c, and (d)

[070] We turn 1, when I die. Clove run Paljal; "When DA 0 m and Ao Z <^, t. Yelp

For the correct solution to the closed form of Zinek from Maxwell's antagonists meeting the boundary conditions on

The length of the interface through the following electric field and the magnetic field components, as:

(E) (^ r-) a * l-z »

(E) (mjo-> l^Dr% M (Sit) Heb 0 D.

(E) س 000 yemen - *

[071] In these expressions, Z expresses the vertical coordinates perpendicular to the surface in region 1, m is the radial coordinate, and ('$ {(-) is the Hankel function of the second-type complex angle displacement and degree, i.e. it is the propagation constant in Vertical direction () in region 1, ₂A0 is the propagation constant 10 in the vertical direction (Z) in region 2, m is the molelism in region 1, a is equal to f of 2, where f is the excitation frequency, e is the permittivity in free space, 0 c is the permittivity in region 1, m is the source constant imposed from Through the source, and, is the radial propagation constant of a surface wave.

[072] The propagation constants in the – ± directions are determined by separating the wave equation above and below 5 [the interface between regions 1 and 2, and imposing the boundary conditions. In Zone 2, this issue is addressed through,

(7) Yifleh j

And in Zone 1, through, M18

41524Β1 (8)

The diffusion constant towards the radius F is given by

<td>06 B T6 R U2 A E 2 L 10 A L</td><td> (9)</td>

And the complex expression is obtained where is the complex modulus of refraction through

<td>Ef JI; ^;For, 1</td><td> (10) 5</td>

In all of the above mentioned equipment,

<td>Hajd</td><td> (1)</td>

<td>A h ajar 0 '*</td><td> (12)</td>

It includes bug. On the relative permittivity of region 1, it is the molar region of region 1, C. It is 10 the permittivity of free space, and it includes the permittivity of free space. Thus, the resulting surface wave propagates so that it is parallel to the interface and decays exponentially perpendicular to it. This is known as decay

1073 Thus, the equations (1) - (3) can be considered to establish a guide for a wave propagating towards the diameter, symmetrically in a cylindrical fashion. See Barlow, Η. Μ., And Brown, L., Radio surface waves, print 15 Oxford University, 1962, Pages 10-12, 29-33 The present disclosure provides details of structures that give rise to the positioning of a waveguide with open boundaries. Specifically, according to different embodiments, a surface waveguide probe is fitted to a charge tip of suitable size which is fed by voltage and / or current and positioned with respect to the boundary interface between region 2 and region 1. May understand

This is best done by referring to Figure 3, which

YL 5248! J 4 CE, JN 18

Surface oriented 300a includes a 1 T charge tip elevated over a lossy tollile medium 303 (eg, Earth) along a vertical Z axis perpendicular to a plane represented by the center of the lossy tackle 303. The center of the much-lost tulip 303 forms region 1

5 The second medium, 306, forms the region 2, and it shares a boundary interface with the much lost center of Tolleil 303.

1074 According to one embodiment, the much lost medium 303 could include a terrestrial medium like planet Earth, and to this end, this terrestrial milieu includes all the structures or formations contained in it, whether they are natural or immortal. For example, it can

10 This earthly medium includes natural elements such as rocks, soil, sand, fresh water, sea water, trees, plants, and all other natural elements that make up our planet. In addition, this earthly medium may include a number of human beings such as concrete. Asphalt, building materials, and other materials that are forbidden by man. In other embodiments, it is possible that the much lost medium 303 includes a medium other than the earth, whether it is natural or from

15 □ Human denaturation. In other embodiments, the lossy tolling medium 303 can include other media such as human-made surfaces and structures such as cars, airplanes, human-made materials (such as plywood, plastic sheeting, or other materials) or other media. .

(1075 In the case where the lossy toil medium 303 includes a terrestrial medium or land,

20 The second medium 306 can include the atmosphere above the surface of the earth.

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Lamek 8 pelicans, a 1 second

That make up the Earth's atmosphere, and in addition, it is A.

306 On other media, in relation to the tulle medium, the much loss is 303.

1076 The lossy tulle medium 303 includes a 309 feed lattice where an excitation source 312 is coupled to the 1رف charge terminal across, for example, the molar head of the feed line. According

5 For the various embodiments, a 1Q charge is imposed on the 1 T terminal in order not to emit an electric field based on the voltage applied to the 1 T terminal at any given moment. Depending on the angle of incidence (5) with the electric field (5), it is possible to a large extent to have a situation corresponding to the electric field by placing a directed surface wave guide on a surface in the middle of the lossy tulip 303 that includes the region!

10 1077 by looking at ZENIC solutions of anti-lock form (1) - (6), where

The boundary condition of Leontowicz's resistance between Region 1 and Zone 2 can be defined as follows:

ίΧ | 0.0Μ (13)

Where &amp; is a normal unit in the positive vertical direction (: b) and (2b) is the magnetic field strength in region 2 as it is expressed algebraically through the equation (1) above. Equation (13) denotes that

15 The electric and magnetic fields were determined in equations (1) - (3), which may lead to this

Radial surface current density along the boundary interface, where the radial surface current density can be determined through r_Q.(p ') = -A tifX-Jrp') () e)

١٨٨

Tell 8 b 6 copied 6 b

Where for a constant. Moreover, an approach of 300 probe should be noted (with respect to: s c m), as equation (14) above includes the behavior

1 pa 1 - 0–1 j 1 h

The negative sign means that when the source current (, /) flows almost vertically as shown in Fig. 5, 3, the closed ground current flows in the diagonal direction inward. By matching field on CSS as it can be determined by

(16) x_0: l = p

(4) e

Where C1V1 = A9, in the equations (1) - (6) and (14). Therefore, the radial surface current density can be recalculated with equation (14) through

10 (17) ('Hp' (-jrp dh-d'm)_AR

The fields that are algebraically expressed through equations (1) - (6) and (17) have the nature as transmission line mode bound to the much lossy interface, and are not the radiation fields associated with the propagation of the ground wave. See Barlow, H. M, and Brown, L., Radio Surface Waves, Oxford University Press, 1962, pp. 1-5.

15 [078] In this stage, a review of the nature of Hankel functions used in equations (1) is provided.

- (6) and (17) for these solutions with the wave equation. One can observe that Hankel's functions of the first, second and degree types can be defined as complex combinations of standard Bessel functions of the first and second types where

MA 41524B1_ff(i)_{W =} ω₊ ω (18)

(19) l-d) harar-ce ,, r = 0Ό)? Λ

Where these functions represent cylindrical waves that propagate in the direction of the diagonal towards the inside (head) and towards the outside

(E), respectively as the definition is analogous to the relationship cosX + jàX = 0 e. . See, on

5 For example, Harrington, R.F., Chronological Consociational Domains, Magraw-Hill, 1961, pp. 460-

463.

1079 We find that the (d) 'dazzle is a radiant wave that can be recognized by its behavior approximating the large angular displacement which is obtained directly from the definitions of the series (n) a / and (l) th.

Away from the guided surface guide probe:

10 (20) ^:6 Corah 2 Ta | A 1 = 1-d-jaarakhlabd2.) '²؛,^

Which, when doubled by its 7-inch plate, is a cylindrical wave propagating externally from the shape

For 0 spur with a spatial change ιφ where the first order solution (1 = e) can be determined from

Equation (20 a) to be

(20 b)); repair 1: h 0 | lt [haha^٠

15 Approaching the probe of a directed surface wave guide (for him »ρ), the Hankel functions behave from

The first degree and the second type are as follows

(21) recklessness

١٨٨

These are the criteria for the G1 approach. Where a zhm 16 aun. 1 ^ a hundred real

Notice

The equations (20b) and (21) differ in phase by the amount of its response, wherein an additional phase progression or phase enhancement corresponded to 45 degrees or, equally, equivalently, 8d the distant and proximal asymptotes of the first degree Hankel function of the second type correspond to a transformational distance Hankel or 5 transition point being equal in magnitude at a distance ρ = R._v.

1080 Thus, beyond Hankel transforming point, the distal representation dominates the proximal representation of the Hankel function. The distance to Hankel's transformational point (or Hankel transform distance) can be determined by equating equations (20b) and (21) with respect to ΐγρ— and providing the solution with respect to the distance ίζ. With the spelling / 0 = X, as it can be seen that the asymptotes of the far and near Hankel function are related to the frequency, with a Hankel transform point moving as soon as the frequency is reduced. With a lossy tulle medium, for example, the mollelia can vary in soil with changes in weather conditions.

[081] Referring to Fig. 4, where an example of a graph of the expressions of the Hankel functions of the first degree of 15 is illustrated with the equations (20 b) and (21) of the mullahs in region 1 where 0.010 = 0.010 mph / mhos / m and the relative permittivity of 2 = 15 , An operating frequency of 1850 kHz, curve 403 represents the magnitude of the distant asymptote in equation (20b) and curve 406 is the magnitude of the proximal asymptote by equation (21), with a shift point of Hankel 409 occurring at a distance of = 54 feet. While the magnitudes are equal, a phase compensation between the two asymptotes remains at a transformation point 20 for Hankel 409. It can also be observed that the Hankel transform distance is much less than the wavelength.

At operating frequency

[082] And to look at the makoan Jal Lakhayan 1 given the equivalent of al-Adil (b) and (aa-nibek with the closed shoal in region 2), it can be seen that the ratio of w: and t passes in an approximate way through

(22), ha ⁼ a'^toThr-^H;1 remaining | (i)

Where is the composite modulus of refraction in equation (10) and; 5 is the angle of incidence of the electric field 5 In addition, the vertical component of the electric field is identical to the position of equation (3) passes asymptotically through

&lt;Dr.

It is linearly proportional to the free charge of the isolated component with the capacitance of the terminal charge higher at the terminal voltage, where X D = -b.

10 083 Above, for example, the height 1 at the charge end of the 1Τ height in Fig. 3 affects the amount of free charge at the 1Τ charge end. When the 1 charge tip is near the ground level of region 1, most of the 1Q charge is bound to the terminal as soon as the 1 charge tip is high, the bound charge is reduced until the 1 charge tip reaches a height at which all the isolated charge is largely free

15 [084] The distinguishing feature of the increased capacitive capacitance of the 1 charge end is that the charge is on

The tip of the high charge 1 is removed from the ground plane, resulting in an increased amount of free charge as it is coupled with energy within the position of a directed surface wave guide. As the charge terminal Τ [moves away from the ground plane, the charge distribution becomes more uniformly distributed around the surface of the charge terminal. The quantity of the free charge is related to the capacitance of the charge terminal 1

[085] On Sil Balkal, in Makka Al-Ir Jor, for Daa in Al-Taraj, § 3 4 Done MA

Physicist above ground. An amplitude of a sphere can be obtained at a physical height h above

Perfect land through

(24) (+ 2Μ⁴ + I⁵ + ^؛1 + Μ + Μ²+ Ha 2 w 4 = L0c

5 Since the diameter of the sphere is e: 2, and where .21 / 1 = a with h, which is the height at the spherical end, as can be seen, an increase in the terminal height h can reduce the capacitance C at the charge end. It can be seen that the elevations at the charge terminal T [which are at a height of about four times the diameter (40 = 8α) or larger, the charge distribution is roughly uniform around the spherical end, which can improve the coupling within the directed surface waveguide mode.

10 [086] In the case of a sufficiently isolated end, the intrinsic capacitance of the spherical body can be approximated

Mulled by C = 4ιε_βα, where a is the radius of the sphere in meters, and the capacitance of the disc can be approximated by means of C = 8, where S is the radius of the disk in meters. The 1Τ charge tip can include any shape such as a sphere, disk, cylinder, cone, annular surface, cap, one or more rings, or any shape

15 Another random or a combination of those shapes. The equivalent spherical diameter can be determined and used to determine the position of the 1Τ charge tip

[087] This may be further understood by referring to the example of Fig. 3, where the charge tip is raised 1Τ at a physical height - ftp above the much-lost tulle medium 303. To reduce the effects of the bound charge, the charge end T [at a physical height equal to four times the diameter

At least spherical (or equivalent spherical diameter) at the charge end

1Τ and 6 Za’a 6 Dhu'l-Dahm 18

Restricted.

[088] Referring to Fig. 5a, an explanation of electric field beam optics produced by an elevated Q1 charge at the 1Τ charge end of Fig. 3 is illustrated. As in 5 optics, minimizing the reflection of the incident electric field can improve and / or maximize the energy

The coupling inside the directed surface-waveguide position in the lossy toll medium 303. For the electric field (|| f) polarized parallel to the incident plane (not the boundary interface), the amount of the incident electric field reflection can be quantified using the Fresnel reflection coefficient, which can be expressed algebraically as Follows

10 (25) = = (_؛5); Γ

Where 9 is the conventional angle of incidence measured with respect to the normal surface.

1089 Referring to Fig. 5a, where the optical interpretation of the rays shows the incident field polarized parallel to the plane of incidence with an angle of incidence of LJ. , Which is measured with respect to the vertical surface (4). However, there will be a reflection of the incident electric field when 0 = shaking) A 2 15 and thus the incident electric field will be fully coupled to the position of the guide surface wave.

Along the surface in the middle of the much lost tulle 303. It can be seen that the numerator of the fraction by equation (25) can be afra when the angle of incidence is (26) s; = arctan (7 pounds_r-j / x) = ti_iiS

When it is / 0 - X. Referring to this is the Makiya narrator of Al-Sfoot d; c) Xaw ^ Brewster. And I would like to rest

Other to equation (22), it can be seen that the same relationship to Brewster's composite angle (_PC) exist

In all equations (22) and (26).

[090] As shown in Fig. 5a, the electric field vector jE can be waved as a plane wave

5 Oncoming irregular, polarized parallel to the plane of incidence. A vector of electric field I can be created from the independent vertical and horizontal components as follows:

(27) 1 |: b = d (0) &lt;

Geometrically, the illustration in Fig.5a suggests that the electric field vector I can be obtained through

10 (28a); c p, z) = Ε (ρ, ζ) cos) mk f

Ε-Χρ, ζ) = Ε (ρ, ζ) cos (2 - β. ') = Sin θ,_: (28 b)

This is intended as the field ratio is

(29) ٦؛^sNo :,

1091 The general variable F, !, which is called wave slope through ratio can be obtained here

15 The horizontal electric field component to the electric field component of the racecal following

(30 A) Barha * AA-2-47A, and

(30 b) '' Ga^؛This is

It is a wei, and it has 1 reflection and a bird, and with respect to the wave, it has a magnetism in the line of 1 x 5 zz inclination.

The wave (v *) is equal to the angle between the normal position of the wavefront at the boundary interface with region 1 and the tangent to the tangent of the boundary interface. This might be easy to see from the graph 5b, which shows equiphase surfaces in the electromagnetic wave and their standard levels.

5 The Khalila with a cylindrical directed surface wave with a diagonal at the boundary interface (0 - z) is molar

Ideally, the standard plane of the wavefront is parallel to the tangent to the tangent of the boundary interface, resulting in

1 = 0. However, in the case of a lossy dielectric, the slope of the W wave remains because the standard plane of the wavefront is not parallel to the tangent of the boundary interface at 2 h 0,

1092 By applying equation (30b) to a surface wave directed through

10 (31) Then na = e = »= 10: 7: A: | a0d

With an angle of incidence equal to the Brewster composite angle (52), the reflection coefficient is diminished by equation (25), as shown by

(32) Harhaq 0 j- (ah), 2

By adjusting the composite field ratio with equation (22) it is possible to make a fallen field so that it is a fallen field

15 At a compound angle then the reflection is reduced or eliminated. This ratio is set at ji - mj - r = produced in the artificial electric field falling at the composite Brewster angle, which leads to the decay of

Reflections.

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[093] It is possible that Yun's concept is a rendering statement of a prophet's action from the sight of a khiai with a compound angle of incidence with a directed surface wave guide probe 300. The electric height of an effective (RI 44) is determined as follows.

(33) =

5 This is for monopoles with height (or length) hp. Since the expression depends on the magnitude and phase of the source distribution along the structure, the actual height (or length) is compounded by the form

00 A H

General An integral of the distributed current (() into the structure through the physical height of the structure (4 * 4)) is performed and calibrated by the ground current (ig) flowing back through the base (or entrance) of the structure.

Z (z) = Z_ccos (^_cz) (34) 10

Where is the diffusion factor of the spreading current over the structure. In the example of Fig. 3, we find that h 'is the current distributed along the anchored structure from the 300A surface waveguide probe.

[094] For example, considering a 309 feeder network as it includes a low loss coil (for example, a helical solenoid) in the lower part of the structure and a vertical molar of the line

15 The feed is rotated between the coil and the charge terminal Τ A. The phase delay is due to the coil (or helical delay line) being βρίζ = g 5, with physical length 4c and the propagation factor being

(35) A:! A:

When Vf is a factor of 1 in a boys' lung, 0 is the length of the lung at the land, 0 is the length of the

Wave propagation produced by velocity factor / 1. The delay is measured in phase with respect to the ground current

(Wedge) No,

1095 In addition, the spatial phase delay can be obtained along the length ς

5 With a vertical mullion of the feed line through βι'ι = where q is the special propagation phase constant

By the vertical mallet of the feed line. In some applications, the spatial phase delay can be approximated by Λ,? / =, And, since the difference between the physical height itjj of a surface waveguide probe 300a and the vertical molar of the feed line is less than the wavelength at the supplied frequency (2). As a result, the total phase delay through the coil and the vertical molar of the feed line is 4-5 + Yi, and the

10 The current to the top of the coil from the bottom side of the physical structure

(36) * Rab = Dijbaa) c

With total phase delay measured with respect to the ground current (wedge) of AC. Accordingly, the electrical effective height of a surface waveguide probe 300 can be approximated by

(37) * r'.h dz ztm 0 m (cos 6 l, 0 kh = i0

15 For the case where the physical height is kp «_α . And the compound actual height of the monopole, k_eff = kp at angle (or phase offset) 4, may be set to cause the source boundaries to coincide with a directed surface waveguide probe and cause a directed surface wave to emit at the medium of the much lossy tulle 303.

M18

[096] In the example of Figure 5A,

Be sealed. Maintenance of irradiation is recommended

A vehicle with the incident electric field (f) includes a complex angle of a brewer with falling (E) at a transforming distance of Hankel (Hefja) 315. We mention from equation (26) that with respect to the problem medium, the loss is much,

Brewster's angle is complex and is defined by

5 (38) A 7 = il-jalalah 0, e

Electrically, the geometric variables relate to the actual electrical height (fcfff) to the 1Τ charge terminal through U = R_x X w = fe39 (then x = 0)

10 Where sa £ - (2 / l) = br._HLee is the Brewster angle measured from a surface with a lost tulle medium. For coupling inside the probe of a directed surface wave guide, the slope of the wave can be expressed algebraically

The electric field is at a transforming distance of Hankel as a ratio of the actual electrical height and a transforming distance of which it is a nickel

(40) _؛| = tan0i = c

15 Since both the physical height (E 44) and the transformational Hankel distance (r_x(Real quantities), so the angle (LU) of the desired surface directional wave inclination at the Hankel transform distance (.. ct) is equal to the phase (4) of the composite actual height (... This means that by changing the phase at the supply point in the coil, and thus the phase shift in equation (37), the phase 4, of the actual height

Bekeb, Makka, His Excellency, Ein Bittaha, Rawa, Mel Nuj, / ?, Dls? We direct the directional abstinence at the Hankel switching point 315: Ψ = Φ.

1097 In Fig. 5a, the right triangle with a side adjacent to the length of fijf is wound along a surface of the middle of the lost tulle and the angle of the Brewster composite C gd 6, which was measured between a beam 316 extending between 5 Hankel's turning point 315 at the center of the charge end 1 T, and a surface in the middle of the slope of a long lost deer 317 Between the transforming point of Hankel 315 and the charge terminal T A. With a 1 T charge terminal set at a physical height ftp and excited by a charge containing an appropriate phase 3 delay, the resulting electric current is incident to the boundary interface at the tulle medium loose at the transfer distance having a nickel; ξ, and at the Brewster angle under these conditions, it can be excited The position of the 10 wave guide shall be surface oriented without reflection or with very little reflection.

[098] If the physical height at the charge end 1 is decreased unchanged by the phase displacement * at the effective height (fteff), the resulting electric field intersects with the lossy tular medium 303 at Brewster angle at a lower distance from the guided surface waveguide probe 300, Figure 6 illustrates Graphically the effect of the physical height reduction at the 1 T charge end on the distance over which the electric field is incident 15 at Brewster's angle. And when the height decreases from 3 h to 2 h to 1 h,

The point at which the electric field intersects the medium of lossy tulip (for example, the Earth) moves at the Brewster angle so that it is closer to the position of the charge tip. However, as equation (39) indicates, the height H [(the form 3) at the charge end of 1 T should be at or higher than the physical height (fcp) in order to excite the distant component with a Hänkel function. With the tip 20 of the 1 T charge placed at or above the physical height (hp), the medium of loose tulle 303 at Brewster's angle of fall can be removed_sC - (2 / l) = v 0) 0 at or behind the distance

Lankel's Transposition (315 (R_x How wrong is in Mukalla 5 a. Wulk 3 Tfah 5 h Nvidi

With the 1 T charge, the height should be at least four times the spherical diameter (or

Equivalent spherical) at the 1 T charge terminal as mentioned above

1099 The directed surface waveguide probe 300 can be configured to form an electric field with a slope of 5 to the wave corresponding to a wave that illuminates a surface in the center of the lossy tulle 303 at the composite Brewster angle, thus exciting the diagonal surface currents by matching the position to a large extent by placing a directed surface wave at (or behind) a point. A transformer for Hankel 315 at 9 °. Referring to Fig. 7, where a Piave representation is illustrated of an example of a surface vector guide probe 300b incorporating the charge terminal T a is shown. And the alternating current source 7 12 AC serves as the excitation source (312 ...

10 From Fig. 3) is specific to the 1 T charge terminal, which is coupled to the 300b surface vector guide probe through a feed network (309 of Fig. 3) that comprises a 709 coil that may be, for example, a helical coil, and in other applications, can be coupled AC source 712 induction to coil 709 through a primary coil In some embodiments, an impedance matching network may be included to improve and / or augment the coupling of the AC source 712 to the coil 709.

15 10100 As shown in Fig. 7, the probe may include a guided surface waveguide

300b The tip of the upper charge 1Τ (for example, a sphere at elevation) is positioned along a vertical axis Z column to a large extent on the plane represented by the center of the lossy tulle 303 and is located in the middle of a second 306 above the center of the much lost tulle 303. It includes a tip The charge is 1Τ capacity Ct. During operation, a charge of 1 Q is imposed on the 1Τ terminal

20 Depending on the voltage applied to the 1Τ terminal at any given point

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[0101] In Ncal in Figure 7, yt. Turning the winding 709 is wedged to the ground, 7% to the first and to the charge end 1 را through the vertical mole of the feed line 18 7. In some applications, the machining is set to the coil at the 1Τ charge end using the branch point 721 in the coil 9 (70) as shown in Figure 7. It can be activated Coil 709 is at an operational frequency by AC power supply 712 through the branch point 724 at lower pan of coil 709, and in other applications, AC source 712 can be coupled to coil 709 by induction through a primary coil

[0102] We find that the construction and modification of the surface vector waveguide probe 300 is based on different operating conditions, such as transmission frequency, conditions in the medium of loose spin (for example, soil molarity C: the relative permittivity 0 m), and the size of the charge tip AA. . The refractive index 10 can be calculated through equations (10) and (11) as follows η = / ε_Γ-) χ (41)

Where?, Σ / ί = * with / 21 = D. The molarity σ and the relative permittivity &amp; can be determined through test measurements of the much-lost tulle medium 303. The composite Brewster angle (5.05) measured from the vertical surface is also determined from equation (26) as follows: 0 = ai^٠ctan (15 (42) (for - .6'7

Or measured from the surface as shown in Figure 5 as follows

(43) A, A ~ T = Ag0

The slope of the wave at the transforming distance of Hankel (d? 2a) can also be obtained using equation (40).

[0103] The conversion distance for Hankel can also be determined from a solution; 1

(20b) and (21) with respect to ίγρ ~, and present the solution with respect to the distance R._x... as shown in Fig. 4. Then the actual electrical height can be determined from equation (39) using the transformed Hankel distance and the Brewster composite angle as follows = B * = RyXm ψί_Β (44) 5

As can be seen from equation (44), the composite actual height (kgff) includes an amount related to the physical height (j4) from the charge side (j4) from the charge side 1Τ and a phase delay (e) related to the angle () of the wave inclination at the transformed distance of Hankel D l). With these parameters and the modulation chosen for the charge end AA, it is possible to determine the modulation of the SMD Pro 300.

10 [0104] With the 1Τ charge tip placed at or above the physical height (j / 4), it can be

Set the feed grid (309 in Fig. 3) and / or the vertical feed line connecting the feed grid to the charge end each so that the phase () of the 1Q charge at the end of the charge coincides with the angle (Ψ) from the slope to the wave (IV). The size of the 1Τ charge tip can be chosen to provide a large enough surface for the 1 Q charge charged to the terminals in general, it is recommended to make a

15 The charge is 1Τ large in a practical way. The size of the 1Τ charge tip should be large enough to avoid ionization of the surrounding air, which can lead to electrical discharge or sparks around the charge tip.

[0105] The phase delay C can be determined in a mulled coil spirally from Maxwell's equations as

Discussed by Corum, KL and 2.L Corum, radiofrequency coils, helical resonators

20 Voltage Amplification Through Interconnected Spatial Modes, Microwave Review, Volume 7, No. 2,

Bnam 2001, Heghat 36-45., It has been listed in Hina Dijmahi in 4 Melha MA

For a 1 h ff / coil, the ratio of the propagation velocity j) in the wave along the longitudinal axis of the coil to the speed of light (n), or the velocity factor, is obtained by

(45) 60 po

5 Where is the axial length of a spiral, e is the diameter of the coil, 1: is the number of turns in the coil, 1/1 = is the spacing of the coil from the coil (or the helical step) of the coil, and Aq is the wavelength in free space. Based on this relationship, the electrical length, or phase delay, of the coil is obtained through

(46) “DJ YK B.

10 The principle is the same if the helix is ​​coiled in a spiral or short and huge, but it is easier to obtain results through experimental measurement, and the algebraic expression for a characteristic resistance (to the wave) was derived from the helical transmission line as follows:

(47) 6'i^{Q 1}0 EGP

[0106] The spatial phase delay in the structure can be determined by using the wave 15 mobile phase delay with the molar of the header line 718 (Fig. 7). The amplitude of the cylindrical vertical mallow over an ideal ground surface can be expressed algebraically as follows

(48) 0 b Nardat

Where kl is the vertical length (or height) in mullions, and a is in the form of ^ مدر (an extension of 4 m / m 18).

Kg / s) As for the helical coil, the lag of the mobile echogenic phase can be obtained by mullion

Vertical feeding line through the following

(49) A 1 gi = 100 gtl. A 01 hm-e 2 c I find if-i a

5 Where -a is the propagation phase constant with respect to the mullion of the vertical feed line, is the vertical length (or height) of the mullion of the vertical feed line, is the velocity factor on the wire, □ d is the wavelength at the available frequency, and 0 s is the propagation wavelength produced by Speed ​​factor ξ. For a uniform cylindrical mullion, the velocity factor is constant with 0.94%, or in a range from about 0.93 to about 0.98. If the mast is considered a uniformly transmitting line, it can be approximated

10 Its average resistance is marked by

(50) (1-1) »Done] ^ =, no

Where 0.94 is for a uniform cylindrical molar and a radius of the mole. An alternative algebraic expression used in radio amateurs literature can be obtained for the characteristic resistance of a single wire feed line through the following:

15 (51) (neighborhood) = 138,

Equation (51) implies that_α Specific to variations with a single wire feeder. The phase delay can be determined based on the capacitance and resistance characteristic.

[0107] With a 1 charge tip placed over the medium of the much lossy tulle 303 as shown in Fig. 3, the feed grid 309 can be set to excite the 1 charge terminal with a phase shift (4).

By the actual height of the component (4.4) which is equal to the angle (Ψ) with the slope of the vector at its transformational distance to Hankel, or ψ =. When this condition is satisfied, we find that the electric field produced by the oscillation of the charge 1Q at the charge end Aa is coupled with the placement of a traveling surface vector waveguide along a surface in the much lost medium of Tollile 303. For example, if Brewster angle 5 (g0 ljj), phase delay j) are connected to the vertical molar of feedline 18 7 (Fig.7) and the modulation of coil 709 (Fig.7) is known, then the position of the branch drop 721 (Fig. 7) can be determined and adjusted To impose an oscillatory charge of 1Q on the 1 terminal of the charge with a phase f = 0. The position of the branch point 721 can be adjusted to maximize the coupling of traveling surface waves within the directed surface waveguide mode. The excess length of the coil can be removed out of position at the branch point 721 to reduce 10 capacitance effects. Vertical wire height and / or engineering variables can also be changed by the coil.

[0108] The coupling of the directed surface-waveguide placement on a surface of a lossy tollil medium 303 can be improved and / or improved by adjusting the surface vector guide probe 300 of a standing wave resonance with respect to the composite plane of the image associated with the charge 1Q at the 15 ΤA terminal. By doing this, the performance of the guided surface waveguide probe can be adjusted

300 Of the increased and / or maximum voltage (and hence the charge 1Q) at the terminal of the charge A. Referring back to Fig. 3, the effect of much-lost Toll Medium 303 in Region 1 can be examined using image theory analysis,

10109 Physically, a 1Q elevated charge placed at an ideal toyl level attracts the free charge

20 At the ideal toll level, which would then accumulate in the area under high charge 1Q. The resulting distribution of restricted electricity at the ideal level resembles a bell-shaped curve. that

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I want to buy it for the benefit of 1Q.

Lavery imposes an isotropic surface for the ideal tulle level. Can get a solution

For the boundary value problem, it describes the spheres in the region above the ideal assignment level that can be obtained

On it, using the classical concept of charges in image, where the field of charge is high

Corresponds to the field from the charge corresponding to the picture below the ideal tulle level

10)

[0110] This analysis can also be used with respect to the much-lost tulip medium 303 by assuming the presence of an actual charge of image 1 Q under the vector surface waveguide probe 300. The actual charge coincides with the image 1 Q with the charge 1Q on the charge end 1Τ around the plane of the tail In Fig. 318, as shown in Fig. 3. However, the charge of Image 1 Q does not only lie at true depth and 180 ° outside the phase with the initial charge of the 1Q source at the 1Τ terminal of the charge, nor will it be in an ideal Muller state. From this it appears, the much-lost tulle medium 303 represents the mean (eg, ground medium) of a phase shift aura. Hence we can say that the charge is in the form 1Q at a sub-surface compound depth (or physical boundary) from the medium of the much lossy tulle 303. To discuss the composite depth of the image, White, L. R, Composite Image Theory - Revisited, IEEE Antennas and Diffusion Journal, Volume 33, Issue 4, August 1991, Affects 27-29, and are included in this document as a reference in its entirety.

[0111] The formation of the charge appeared in the form 1Q at a depth equal to the physical height (1 H) with a charge 1 Q, and the ground level of the Tulail image 318 (representing an ideal muller) is located at a depth of 20 compounds which is 2 / à - =! The charge is shown as 1Q at a compound depth (i.e., including depth

Both magnitude and phase),

In response to the acquisition of 152481 4 milliard 18 m

H j 02 - H b 2 / j) - =; 05. For sources that are vertically polarized above Earth,

(52) GG | ع | = ,,) r + 3 p = w; 2 d = d,

Where

5 (53) A £ A - 1 H 1 0 No: j, and

(54) - Will

As shown in Equation (12), the image-charge composite spacing implies, in turn, that the external field will experience additional phase displacements not encountered when the interface is either an ideal dielectric or molar. In the medium of the lossy tulle, the standard plane of the wavefront is parallel to the tangent of the plane

10 The ground of the Tollel image 318 is at 2/2 = --d, and not at the boundary interface between Zones 1 and 2.

[0112] Considering the situation illustrated in Fig. 8a. Where the loss in the middle of the twilight is a lot, the loss is 303 of the Tollel land in a limited way 803 with a physical limit of 806. The land of the Tollel can be replaced in a limited way 803 with a ground level for the image of the Tollayl ideally 809 km shown

15 In Fig. 8b, which is at a depth of component 4 below the physical boundary 806. This parabolic representation shows the same resistance when looking down inside the interface at the physical boundary 806. The parabolic representation of Fig. 8b can be shaped like a parabolic transmission line, as shown in Figure 8c. The cross-section of the parabolic structure is represented as a transmitting line whose end is loaded (in the -Z direction), with an optimally short-circuited tulip resistance level (0 “and c). Could

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Find the general H 2 from the solution equal to the resistance of the nougat 1 TEM 1 so see ^ cough at ^ and a ground level resistance parameter of the image Z: the softener. Consider the transmission line in Fig. 8c.

10113 In the case of Fig. 8a, the propagation constant and the true self-wave resistance in the upper region (air) 812 are the following

5 (55) AB = 0 L: U

(56) Arab 0:

In a lossy Earth 803, the propagation constant and true intrinsic wave resistance are the following

(57) (Acer + Less) Lassara 1 =, r and

(58) =. 2

10 For standard drop, the equivalent representation of Fig. 8b is equivalent to the transmission line TEM whose characteristic resistance is from air d :), with propagation constant (a), and length A. As such, the ground plane resistance of the visual image can be determined at the interface of the shorter transmission line Fig. 8 C, as follows = Gtm. tanh (); 04 (59)

15 The equation of the plane ground resistance of the image dl associated with the model saved in Fig. 8c is equal to resistance

The waveform of the standard fall in Fig. 8a gives the solution for B: the distance to a short circuit (the ground plane of the tulip image ideally 809) as follows (60) wc (k) 1 for evidence = A; ¹ Start = A2

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Saluting

Only the first period of expansion is considered according to the Khala series

4052481 kw

For this approximation. It is observed that in air region 812, the diffusion constant is_HI -, therefore, j | submit₀L ~ dl (which is a purely imaginary quantity in the course of real baa), but, about is a complex value if 0 j. Therefore, we find that_C2 = 2, η only when has a compound distance.

5 4 1011 Since the equivalent representation of Fig. 8b includes a ground plane of the Tollail image more closely

Ideally 809, the image depth of a charge or current at the surface of the earth (physical boundary 806) equals the distance Dk on the other side of the ground image plane 809, or a degree of 4 = 2X below the surface of the earth (which is at = 0 = 0) - and so on. The distance to ground plane zooms perfectly for a Tolleille image 809 thru

10 (61) I; ft i 2 = d

In addition, the charge of the image will be equal and opposite to the real charge, so the voltage at ground level for the Tolleil image ideally 809 at a depth of 50/2 - = A2 will be for a.

15 101 If the 1Q charge rises 1Η above the surface of the earth as shown in Fig. 3, then the image 1Q charge lies at a composite distance, j: uh below the surface, or a distance

15 The d / 2–1 component is below the ground plane of the image 318. The surface waveguide probe 300b of Fig. 7 can be modeled on a model of an aura plane with a single-wire parabolic line that can be based on the ground plane of an image of the image of the template 809 ideally from the figure 8b showing Figure 9a An example of an Aura plane model with a single-wire equivalent transmission line Figure 9b shows an example of an equivalent conventional transmission line model, including a transmission line

20 The short from Figure 8c.

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[0116] A man is equal to a female thief, a figure of 9a and 9n, a | m04 is

The phase delay of the traveling wave with the indicated surface vector guide 300 probe

In the ground (or the medium of the much lost tulle 303), βρΗ = E is the electrical length of the coil 709

(Fig. 7), from the physical length β, expressed algebraically in degrees as follows

5 D? N = which is the electrical length in mullion of the vertical feed line 718 (Fig. 7) of the physical length _٠A | , Where it was expressed algebraically in degrees as follows 2 / j = 05 which is the phase shift between the ground plane of the image 809 and the physical boundary 806 from the ground (or the level of the much-lost tulip 303). In the example of Figures 9 and 9b, where Z_w It is the characteristic resistance of the 718 vertical elevated feed line mullion in ohms, z _s It is the characteristic resistance of the coil 709

10 Determined in ohms, and Zq is the characteristic resistance of free space

[017] At the base of the waveguide 300 probe, the resistance is seen looking up inside the structure which is = 2. With load resistance:

(62) u

Where, Cj is the capacitance at the 1Τ charge end, and the resistance seen looking up within 15 mullions of the header line 718 (Fig.7) can be obtained by:

(D) (:% L) B: D: C - Z - B - B - B - C - Z - Z (| L) A 1 | No, 0 + | N '¹ { Except_:: A | L) A 1 L: A: 11 + 0 R '

A looking upward seen resistance inside the coil 709 (Figure 7) can be obtained through

(64); r;?; With your surname + Tatm z - 061 jr; 6 h: ta mt⁺ Z - z Z () :: 65'anh; :: b: done “ha; ha.”

Please enter a flat log for the destination 300, when the code is 8 for Faris Samj Thadan

Looking down into the lost tulle medium 303 is Ζ] = z_in , Which can be obtained

Via :

(65)

Where 0 = Z_s

10)

20)

[0118] By neglecting the loss, the equivalent model can be set to the resonant aura plane when = = lbh! At the physical boundary 806. Or, in the case of low loss, 0 = a +, 1 at the physical boundary 806. where 1 is the corresponding reactive component. Thus, the resistance at the physical boundary 806 looking up inside the surface vector waveguide probe 300 is associated with the resistance at the physical boundary 806 looking down inside the medium of the much-lost 303. By adjusting the load impedance to the charge terminal 1Τ while maintaining the phase delay of the traveling wave 0 equal to the angle of the medium wave tilt Ψ, so that ψ =, which improves and / or maximizes the electric field coupling of the probe by placing a guided surface wave along a surface in the middle of the tulle much Loss 303 (for example, ground), parabolic image plane models of Figures 9a and 9b can be set to resonance with respect to ground image plane 809 In this way, the impedance of the parabolic image plane is purely resistive, which would maintain the superposed standing wave On the probe structure to maximize the voltage and charge at the T-end and through equations (1) - (3) and (16) the propagation surface wave is increased to the upper limit

9 1011 It follows from Hankel's solutions, that the directed surface wave which is excited by the surface waveguide probe of the vector 300 is a traveling wave to propagate outward. We find that the source distribution

10)

At the length of the Bik in Gnaba 309, the radius of the pallium 1Τ and the wand 1? The physical height, p *, the phase delay of the traveling wave moving through the feeder network 309 is identical to the angle with the slope of the wave associated with the lossy toll medium 303. The matching mode allows the traveling wave to be fired along the length of the tulip medium 303. Once a phase delay of the traveling wave is established, the load impedance is adjusted at the 1 T charge end so that it brings the probe structure into the resonance of a standing wave in relation to the ground image plane (318 in Fig. 3 or 809 in Fig. 9), which is at a composite depth of 2 / d -. In this case, the resistance visible from the ground image plane includes a coherent reactance and the charge at the charge terminal T 1 is increased to an upper limit.

10120 The distinction between the traveling wave phenomenon and the standing wave phenomenon is as follows: (1) The phase delay of the traveling waves (j | = e) on a segment of the transmission line of length y (sometimes called the line delay) is the result of propagation time delays; Whereas (2) the position dependent on phase

15 Standing waves (consisting of forward and backward propagation waves) depend on both the time delay propagation along the line and the resistance transitions at the interfaces between the line segments with different characteristic resistances. In addition to the phase delay that arises due to the physical length of a segment of the transmission line operating in the sinusoidal steady state, there is a phase of an additional reflection coefficient at resistance discontinuities and this occurs as a result of the ratio z5b '/ z05, where._Οα and ζ_ο5 are two line-segment resistors

20 Transmission as, for example, a coil segment with characteristic impedance Z_ca = Z_t (Figure 9b) and

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A straight section with a mullion of the vertical feed line with characteristic resistance h

The effect of intermittent phase jumps in the SMD plot diagrams is shown in Figure 12.

[0121] As a result of this phenomenon, two relatively short segments of the transmission line of a widely varying characteristic resistance can be used to provide a very large phase displacement, for example, a probe structure consisting of

5 From two segments of the transmission line, one with low impedance and another with high impedance, a physical length is simultaneously summed, for example, 40.05, wherein it can be fabricated to provide a phase offset of 90 ° equivalent to a resonance of 0.25 s. This is due to a large jump in the characteristic resistors. In this way, the physically short probe structure could be electrically longer than the two physical lengths combined together. This is illustrated in Figures 9a and 9b, but is particularly evident in Fig.12 where

10 Interruptions in the resistance ratios provide large phase jumps between sections of the different plots on the Smith's Bial chart. The resistance cutout provides true phase displacement as the segments are joined together.

10122 Referring to Fig. 10, a graph is shown showing an example of tuning a surface waveguide 300 probe (Fig. 3) so that the position largely coincides with the placement of a directed surface waveguide on a surface with a lossy tulle medium that emits a directed surface wave

15 Moved along a surface of a lossy Tolleil medium 303 (Fig. 3). Starting at 1003, the charge terminal 1 طرف of the SMD probe 300 is placed at a specified height above the medium lossy Tollile 303 and using the properties of the tulip medium 303 and the operational frequency of the directed surface waveguide probe 300, the transformation distance of Hankel can also be determined by equating the quantities. By equations (20 B) and (21), during the first time, and a solution is given

20 Specific to the distance B5 as shown in Fig. 4. A composite refractive index () can be determined using equation (41), and then the Brewster composite angle (D) can be determined from equation (42).

Then the physical height (ftp.) Can be determined by the charge terminal

I..ohr 3h; 1ib.

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The charge tip is 1Τ at or above the physical height (s) to excite the far component

Hankel switch. The height relationship is initially considered when launching surface waves. To reduce or reduce the bound charge at the charge tip T [, the height should be at least four times higher

5 The spherical diameter (or equivalent spherical diameter) at the 1Τ charge tip.

10123 At 1006, the phase delay Φ of the elevated charge 1Q at the charge end of 1Τ coincides with the inclination angle of the compound wave بو. The phase delay (54) of the coil and / or phase delay (, ¾) can be adjusted by the mullion of the header line so as to make equal the angle (ψ) of the wave inclination (f). On the basis of equation (31), the angle () of the wave slope can be determined by:

10 (66) ¥ Gala - 1- D - 1- W

Then the electric phase can coincide with the angle with the inclination of the wave. This angle (or phase) relationship is then considered when the surface waves are fired. For example, the phase delay can be adjusted, HJ + 0HJ = by changing the geometrical parameters of the coil 709 (Fig. 7) and / or the length (or height) of the mullion vertical feed line 718 (Fig. 7). By matching 15 ψ: a 4a, an electric field can be generated at or beyond the Hankel shunt distance (,) with a brewer composite angle at the boundary interface to excite the surface waveguide probe and launch a traveling wave along the center of the much lossy Tollell 303.

[0124] Then at 009 1, the load resistance at the charge terminal 1رف is set so that an equivalent image plane pattern resonates with the surface vector guide probe 300. The depth (e / e) 20 at the ground plane can be determined to supplement the image 809 (or 318 of Fig. 3) using Equipment (52),

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(53) and (54) and in a mediating tumor care loss 303 (on Ciel 48 k415 in Mecca

Measured. Using this depth, a phase shift (55) can be determined between the ground plane of the image

809 And the physical boundary 806 of the much-lost Tollal medium 303, using

2 / d p = h. Resistance can then be determined („.; 2-) as seen looking down into the middle

5 Tolleil is much lossy 303, using equation (65). The resonance relationship can be considered a relationship

Aunt's increased surface waves were fired to the upper limit

10125 On the basis of the modified parameters of the coil 709 and the length of the muller of the vertical feed line 18 7, the velocity factor, phase delay, and resistance of the coil 709 and the mullion of the vertical feed line 718 can be determined using the equations (45) to (51). Additionally, the self-capacitance 10 (c_TBy the charge terminal T [using, for example, equation (24). While it could

Determination of the diffusion factor (60, ') in the file 709 using equation (35). The propagation phase constant (p) can be determined with the mullal of the vertical feed line 718 using equation (49). Using the subjective capacitance and the values ​​specified in the coil 709 and with the mullion of the vertical feed line 718, the resistance (e: Beh 1) can be determined by the surface vector guide probe 300 where upward-facing viewers are seen inside the coil 709 using equations (62), (63) and (64). .

10126 The equivalent image plane model can be adjusted with a directed surface waveguide probe 300 for resonance by adjusting the load resistance such that the reactance component can cancel out the reactance component dl of dl, or 0 = dl of 1. Thus, the resistance at the physical boundary 806 looking up inside the probe of the surface vector waveguide 300 is that resistance 20 associated with the resistance at the physical boundary 806 looking down inside the medium of the much lossy deer

303 . The load resistance [Z] can be adjusted by varying the capacitance (? C) at the 1Τ charge terminal

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A] with a gift for this

Unaltered by electric phase delay - 0 z at the charge terminal

Repetitive for tuning the load impedance in terms of resonance in the equivalent image plane model with respect to the ground plane of the image template 809 (or 318). In this way, the electric field coupling can be improved by placing the directed surface waveguide along the surface of the lossy tulle medium 303 (eg, ground 5) and / or increasing it to an upper limit.

[0127] This can be better understood by illustrating the case with a numerical example and by looking at the vector surface waveguide probe 300 which includes a top-loading vertical heel at the physical height with the charge tip 1 طرف at the top, where the 1Τ charge tip is excited through a helical and mulled line Vertical feed at an operating frequency (8) by

10 1.85MHz. It has a height of (1Η) by 16 feet and includes the middle of the lost tulle 303

(I.e., Earth) Relative permittivity where Sf = 15, molometry and • = 0 0.01 Moh / m, various variables for surface wave propagation can be calculated where HR = 1.850 MHz. Under these conditions, the transforming distance of Hankel can be determined as L = 54.5 feet with a physical height, = 5.5 feet, which is much less than the actual height at the charge end T [while it has been

15 Using the height at the charge end of 5.5 H = 1 ft, the taller probe structure has reduced the constraining capacitance, allowing for a greater percentage of free charge at the 1Τ charge end to provide greater field strength and traveling wave excitation.

[0128] The wavelength can be specified as follows:

(67) 62.162 1 H 4 = 45 meters,

20 Where is the speed of light and the complex refractive index is:

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41524Β1 23: 7.529 - j 6.546 (68)

From equation (41), where = with € for 2 = e, the Brewster composite angle is:

(69) 2 A6 = The tangent of the angle (2g--4) = 85.6 -13.744 degrees

From equation (42). Using equation (66), the values ​​of the wave slope can be determined as follows

5 (70) 40-614 stairs W / eF * = 0.101 e / = L = -y = W.

() »Ja tan

Thus the helical coil can be adjusted so that it matches> 40.614 = 4 degrees: ψ degrees

10129 The velocity factor can be obtained with the mullion of the vertical feed line (which has been approximated as a uniform cylindrical molar with a diameter of 0.27 with a ball) as follows: 0.93._w . Since it is hp, the propagation phase constant can be approximated by the molar of the vertical feed line as follows

0, (71) DTG - 0.042 m-a.

Aaa

From equation (49) the phase delay of the mullion of the vertical feed line is:

(72) 11,649 degrees.

By setting the phase delay of the helical coil so that = 28.974 degrees = 40.614 degrees - 1.640 1 degree, 0 is equal to so that it matches the probe of the guided surface wave. Let's clarify

15 The relationship between and bpa, Figure 11 shows a plot over a range of frequencies. Because both Φ and are frequency dependent, it can be seen that their curves across each other are at about 1.85MHz.

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[0130] In the same case, the hot pulp does Qatar for Mohali, with a pot of R a.O881, and a Cm 4 (d)

It is equal to 30 bolts and the coil spacing (S) is 4 bolts. The speed factor of the coil can be determined

Using equation (45) as follows:

(73) S.^٠AM 0 and 0

5 The diffusion factor from equation (35) is as follows:

(74) ^ = ^ e 0.564m- (.

With .a = 28.974 degrees, the axial length of the helix (H) can be determined using equation (46) as follows:

(75) ^ = 35.2732 = ff with 0 e

10 This height determines the location on the coil of the coil where the vertical feed line is rolled up, resulting in a coil having a coil of 8.818 لفة / = no).

10131 With phase delay of the traveling wave of the coil and the vertical molar of the feed line set to match the angle of inclination of the wave where (Ϊ = ψ &amp; +9:), the load resistance (0 °) from the charge terminal Τ [can be set to resonance of the standing wave in the form equivalent to the image plane of the waveguide probe 15 The directed surface area 300. From the measured permittivity, molarity and earth permittivity, it can be

Determine the diagonal propagation constant using equation (57)

(76) (Assist with, 0.25 = γ_Λ = (σ + r 0.292 m -1,

The composite depth of the ground plane of the Tulip can be approximated from the following:

(77) SBD4-43.364a 3.963m,

With a symmetrical phase displacement between the ground plane of the Tulail image, the physical boundaries of the Earth can be obtained by the following:

(78) (4/20) 55 / -y9 = 4.015 -A 4.73 degrees.

Using equation (65), the visible resistance looking downwards inside the medium of the loss (i.e., the ground) can be determined as follows:

(79) e = 4 =_σ tanh 0,? 6 bila 31.191; And 26.27 ohms.

10 [0132] by matching the interactive component () of a looking down into a medium

Lossy proxy 303 With the reactive component (.; Ib) looking upward into the medium of the lost proxy 303, the coupling inside the directed surface waveguide mode can be increased to the upper limit. This can be achieved by adjusting the capacitance at the 1Τ charge end without changing the phase delays of the traveling wave of the coil and the header line molar. For example, through

15 Capacity adjustment at the charge end (c_T) To 61.8126 picofarads, the load impedance from equation (62) is:

(80) W = 2 g = 1392 ohms

MA

The reactive components were matched at the boundaries.

D! And l 4 (p) MA

10133 Using equation (51), the resistance is measured by the shifting line

0.27 urine) is as follows

(81) .138 - ζ (squeak) 537.534-log ohms,

The visible resistance looking upward inside the mullion of the vertical feed line is obtained by the equation

5 (63) as follows:

(82) h - - g 835.438 ohm.

Using equation (47), the resistance characteristic of the helical coil is obtained as follows

(83) k = 1.027 -wd = 1446 ohms,

C. (. Button p);

The visible resistance looking up inside the coil at the base is obtained by the equation

10 (64) as follows:

(84), - bad 26.271 j - -z_c Ohm.

When compared to the solution of equation (79), it can be seen that the interacting components are opposite and nearly equal, and therefore they are conjugated to each other. Thus, the resistance is draped (pictured) looking upwards inside the parabolic model of the image plane of Figures 9a and 9b from the ground plane of the Tulip

15 Ideally it is only purity or 0d + fi. = * E.

[0134] Referring to Fig. 12, where a Smith 1200 diagram is illustrated showing graphically an example of the effect of interrupted jumps of phase on the resistance (0; 2) the perspective looking upwards inside

The equivalent image plane model of Figures 9B first, due to the transition between the terminal of the charge

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And the line is singing my heart. Together, the dura resonant load coil 4 lymph (straw and dymph development) is attached to the vertical feed line mullal and is inserted into the Smith 1200 diagram at point 1203 (A1 / A). The calibration resistance is then transferred along a section of the vertical feed line by an electrical distance nw | f lp i (which is clockwise through an angle of 25y on the 1200 SMD diagram) to point 1206 (2/4). The resistance at the 1206 point is now converted to the actual perceived resistance (4), looking upward into the vertical molar with a feed line using, 4.

10135 Second, due to the transition between the vertical mole of the feed line and the coil, then the resistance is calibrated 2 in relation to the characteristic resistance (0) of the coil, and this calibration can now be inserted into the calibration of 10 SMITH 1200 at point 1209 (2/4) Transported

Along a segment of the coil transmission line of an electrical distance βρΗ: _HC, (which is clockwise through an angle equal to the side of 2 on the Smith chart (1200) with point 1212 (4 x 4). The jump between point 1206 and point 1209 is a result of a break in the resistance ratios, then the resistance is searched in the file base at point 1212, then Converted to

15 Actual resistance d_GeIs) perspective looking up inside the base of the coil (or the SMD 300) using 4.

10136 Third, due to the transition between the helical coil and the lossy tulle medium, then the resistance is calibrated with respect to the characteristic resistance (4) of the typical image area that is less than the physical limits of the much lost tulle medium (for example, the surface of the Earth).

20 This resistance enters the calibration on the Smith 1200 chart at the point

1215 (4 / LA4) It is transmitted along a section of the subsurface image transmission line by

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An electrical distance 2 / d p - Hj, (which is clockwise through an angle equal to H 2 A on

Smith chart 1200 (with point 1218) ζ, ρ / ζ_٠). The jump is between the point 1212

Point 1215 is a result of a break in the resistance ratios, when the resistance is searched within a transmission line

The subsurface image at point 1218 is now converted to effective resistance (24) using H2.

5 When this system rings, the resistance at point 1218 is 0 LHR_ép = on the Smith 1200 diagram this is greater reactance than because the characteristic resistance (h 2) in the coil is considerably greater than the characteristic resistance 2 in free space

10137 When properly tuned and adjusted, the oscillations are on a structure of sufficient physical height that is actually composed of a traveling wave, which is a phase delay to match the angle to the wave inclination associated with the medium of the lossy wattage (φι:), in addition to a standing wave that is electrically brought into the resonance ( Hallaj: ρ_؛ζ) by mixing phase delays with segments of the transmission line with a surface vector waveguide probe 300 in addition to phase discontinuities due to jumps in the characteristic resistance ratios, as shown in the Smith 1200 diagram of Figure 12. The above example illustrates how the three considerations discussed above can be met. To launch directed traveling waves 15 into the lossy toll medium

[0138] Field strength measurements were performed to verify the ability of the 300b surface vector guide probe (Fig. 7) to pair within a directed surface wave or a line probe

Transmission The circuit board capacitor was raised by 70 picofarads to a height of 16 feet (4.88 meters) and charged to 30 V (peak to peak) at a frequency of 1.85® ⁼ f megahertz (dd =

20 162.162 m) on soils with constitutive variables, measured at>, with a relative permittivity of =

The average is 0.010 mAh. Al-Yannan wedged the measure (1)

Findable field according to NIST) in Table 1 below

<td>Difference ratio Percent</td><td>Predicted frequency displacement 41 (μV / m)</td><td>Field strength measured - 41 FIM / w (MCU Volta)</td><td>Domain (Miles)</td>

<td> '/.0.44-</td><td> 3415</td><td> 34()()</td><td> 0.6</td>

<td> ٠ 0.31/-</td><td> 1296</td><td> 130)0)</td><td> 2</td>

<td> •/3.19 +</td><td> 814</td><td> 840</td><td> 3</td>

<td> /.3.32(</td><td> 542</td><td> 560</td><td> 4</td>

<td> -/1.88(</td><td> 373</td><td> 380</td><td> 5</td>

<td> /.3.05(</td><td> 262</td><td> 27()</td><td> 6</td>

<td> /.1.60(</td><td> 187</td><td> 1990)</td><td> 1</td>

<td> /.4.48(</td><td> 134</td><td> 140)</td><td> 8</td>

<td> ..</td><td> 97</td><td> 10)0)</td><td> 9</td>

<td> /.1.41-</td><td> 71</td><td> 70)</td><td> 10)</td>

Table 1

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10139 Referring to Fig.13,

When he was shouting a cheek, he went to see him

Volts / meters (circuits) versus range (miles) with respect to the theoretical field strength of a surface wave

Zinek has a 100% electric charge and / 85%, as well as a conventional Norton radiated ground wave with a 16-foot top-loading vertical mast (monopole at

5 Radiation efficiency 2.5%) The quantity h corresponds to the height of the vertical formulation of the wave radiation

Ground for Norton with 55 ohm ground wedge. The predicted Zenic fields were calculated from equation (3), and Norton standard ground wave was calculated by conventional methods. It gave statistical analysis

Small deviation of the RMS value between the measured fields and the theory null with an electrical efficiency of 97.4%

10 10140 and when constructing the electric fields produced by the 300 surface oriented surface wave guide probe

(Fig. 3) by matching the phase delay of the traveling wave of the feeder network with the angle of wave inclination, and the frequency of the probe structure with respect to the ground plane of the Tulail image ideally at a compound depth of 2 / j - = tj, and the waves are largely identical to the position for the position of a directed surface wave guide On a surface in a lossy medium in Tolleil, a long-directed traveling surface wave is fired

15 A surface with a lossy toleal medium As shown in Fig. 1, the vector field strength curve 103 by the EMF has a characteristic exponential decay as follows and shows a characteristic knee 109 on the logarithmic - logarithmic scale.

[0141] In the abstract, both analytically and experimentally, the traveling wave component on a structure with a surface vector guide probe 300 includes a phase delay (9) at its upper end.

20 Which corresponds to the angle (core) of the slope of the wave in the surface traveling wave (= 0) 0 In this case, the surface wave index can be considered conforming to the method and furthermore, the component includes

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The resonator of the Dannell wave at the core of the Daniel probe for the surface wave of the face of Vmax 1 à at the charge shelf 1Τ and Vmin down at the image plane 809 (Fig. 8) where 0 and b are 0! :: 0! At a compound depth of 2 / d - - ET_a , But not at the wala with the physical boundary 806 with the much lost tulle medium 303 (Fig. 8). In conclusion, the tip of the charge is 1Τ of sufficient height 1 H in the figure 3 0 ξ tan &lt;p). Therefore, the incident electromagnetic waves occur on the center of the lossy tulle 303 at the Brewster angle installed at an external distance (A: c) where the term j: / 1 is overpowering. Receiver circuits may be utilized using one or more directed surface wave guide probes to facilitate wireless transmission and / or power toll systems.

10)

20)

[0142] With reference to Figs 14A, 14B, 14 and 15 below, where examples of generalized receiving circuits for the use of directed surface waves in Tollayl wireless power systems are shown. Figures 14a and 14b - 14c include linear probe 1403 and resonator tuned 1406, respectively. Shallow 15 is magnetic coil 1409 according to different models of current detection. According to various models, one linear probe 1403, tuning resonator 1406, and magnetic coil 1409 can be used to receive the transmitted power in the form of a directed surface wave on the surface of the lossy toliol medium 303 (Fig. 3). According to different models. As mentioned above, in one embodiment, the much lost medium of the Tolleel 303 includes a terrestrial medium (or earth).

10143 With a specific reference to Fig. 14a, the open circuit terminal voltage at the output terminal 1413 of the linear probe 1403 depends on the effective height of the linear probe 1403, to this end, the voltage at the terminal point can be calculated as follows m18

41524Β1 (85)

Where t is the intensity of the incident electric field induced on the linear probe 1403 in volts per meter, dl is the integral component along the direction of the linear probe 1403, and W74 is the effective height of the linear probe 1403, and the electrical load 1416 is coupled to the outputs of terminal 5 1413 through a matching network Resistance 1419

[0144] If the linear probe 1403 is subjected to a directed surface wave as described above, a voltage is developed via the output terminal 1413 which can be applied to the electrical load 1416 through a synchronous matching network of resistance 1419 as the case may be. To facilitate power flow to the electrical load 1416, the electrical load 1416 should have a broadly identical resistance 10 for the linear probe 1403 as will be winded below

[0145] Referring to Fig. 14b, where the ground current excited coil 1406a includes a phase shift equal to the slope of the wave in the directed surface wave which includes a high (or suspended) Tr charge tip over a lossy trough medium 303. The charge terminal Tr has an intrinsic capacitance Cr. In addition, there may also be a restricted capacitance (not shown) between the charge tip Tr and a medium

15 Heavy loss tulle 303 depending on the height of the charge tip Tr over the medium of the heavy loss tulle 303. Preferably the capacity bound should be as reduced as practically possible, although this may not be strictly necessary in every case with a directed surface wave guide probe 300

[0146] A tuned resonator 1406A also includes a receiver network comprising a Lr coil having a 0 phase offset. One end of the Lr coil is paired to the terminal of the charge Tr, and the other 20 end of the Lr coil is paired to the medium of the lossy thread 303. It can include the aging network.

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Mu 0 L with an S extender line coupled to the Lr winding with the end of the sculpture Tr. QQFAVD 24 broadcasts 4 to winding 1406A (which may also be referred to as an lr-Cr tuned resonator) on a tuned series resonator as soon as the charge terminal Cr and the Lr coil are suspended in series. The phase delay of the coil 1406a can be modified by changing the size and / or height of the terminal of the charge Tr and / or by modifying the size of the Lr coil so that the 0 phase of the structure is largely equal to the wave angle Ψ. The phase delay can also be adjusted in the vertical supply line, by, for example, changing the molar length

10147 For example, the reactance introduced by the subjective capacitance Cr is calculated as 1. Note that the total capacity of the structure 1406A may also include the capacitance between the charge terminal Tr and the medium lossy tulle 303, where the total capacity of the structure can be calculated

10 1406a of both the subjective capacitance Cr and any constrained capacitance as this can be set

For an estimate according to an embodiment, the terminal of the charge Tr can be raised to a height such that it decreases or diminishes greatly any constrained capacity The presence of the bound capacitance may be determined from the capacitance measurements between the charge tip * 1 and the approach medium, much to the loss of 303 as discussed previously.

[0148] The induced reactance introduced by a discrete element coil Lr of

15 During the easiest, where is the combined inductance element in the coil Lr. If the Lr coil is a distributed element, the equivalent induced reactance can be defined as a terminal point through conventional approaches. To adjust the structure 1 406a, one can make adjustments so that the phase delay is equal to the wave inclination in order to match the mode with the surface waveguide at the operating frequency under this condition. The receiving structure can be thought of as conforming to the situation with a surface waveguide. And a blow adapter can be inserted

20 About the structure and / or matching network impedance 1423 between the probe and the electrical load 1426 for coupling the power to the load. Insert a matching resistance 1423 mesh between the 1421 probe terminals and can

The bonus of the boredom of Al-Kayyar 1426 is a perfect conformity condition, which is less than the term of the waste liquidation.

10149 When placed in the presence of surface currents at operating frequencies, the power will be delivered from the surface vector wave to the electrical load 1426. To this end, 5 electrical load 1426 can be coupled to the structure 1406a through magnetic coupling, capacitive coupling, or mullel coupling (direct branching point) ). The elements of the coupling network may be aggregate components or distributed parameters, and this can be the subject of assessment

[0150] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 14b, magnetic coupling is used where the Ls coil is placed as a secondary winding with respect to the Lr coil which acts as a transformer primary that may be the Ls coil.

10 And -a is coupled to the Lr coil by wrapping it geometrically around the same basic structure and coupling magnetic flux modulation. This can also be subject to evaluation. In addition, while the receiver structure 1406a includes a series tuned resonator, parallel tuned resonator or even a resonator can also be used With a phase-appropriate delay dispenser element

10151 Whereas a receiving structure immersed in an electromagnetic field may coupled energy from 15 fields, it can be estimated that congruent structures with polarization work better by increasing coupling, and traditional rules must be observed to investigate coupling of a probe to waveguide modes. For example, a guide probe may be The 20 wave (electrostatic transverse mode) optimized for energy extraction from the conventional excited waveguide in the 20 position. Likewise, in these cases, a phase-identical and mode-identical receiving structure can be optimized for power coupling from a directed surface wave.

20 A surface wave directed by a 300-on surface waveguide probe can be considered

Bokulbull Kerr India 303 as a dowel for a wavy wave, a wavy guide.

With a waveguide, the source energy can be fully recovered. Receiving structures can be beneficial

E-domain coupled, coupled with-field-11, or surface current excited.

[0152] The receiving structure can be modified to increase or increase the coupling to the maximum with the directed surface 5 wave on the basis of the local characteristics of a lossy modular medium 303 near the receiver structure. To achieve this, the phase delay (0) of the receiving architecture can be adjusted to match the angle (ψ) With the slope of the wave in the surface traveling wave at the receiving structure if it is properly configured, then the receiver structure can be adjusted to resonance with respect to a ground plane ideally at a depth of R2 complex: ^:= I.

10 10153 for example, considering that the receiving structure includes the 1406A tuning resonator

FIG. 14b, including the Lr coil and a vertical supply line executed between the Lr coil and the terminal of the Tr charge. With the charge terminal »1 placed at a specified height above the medium of the much lossy tulle 303, the total phase displacement Φ of the coil Lr and the vertical supply line can be matched with the angle (ψ) of the wave inclination at a position in the tuning resonator 1406a.

From equation (22), it can be seen that the wave slope is shifting symmetrically to (86)

J b = x | a w = I; '-;';

Where £ 0 has a relative permittivity, which is the molelia in the medium of the much-lost tulip 303 at a location in the receiving structure, haj is the permittivity of free space, and / 21 = Ra, where f is the frequency

Arousal. Hence, the wave angle (pia) can be determined from equation (86).

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(0154) Ensure the phase wave for a whole. Uh + haj = Ψ () Bananan is an expression of the delay

In phase (A4) through the coil Lr and phase delay of the vertical supply line (90). The spatial phase delay along the molar length of the vertical supply line can be obtained through a 1: z: 1, where ,, m is the propagation phase constant of the molar of the vertical supply line. Where the phase delay due to the coil (or helical delay line) is luminosity: a, with physical length and propagation factor

(87) Hg 2 c

Where, / is the velocity factor on the structure, ₀D is the wavelength at the supplied frequency, and W is the wavelength of propagation produced by the velocity factor, Vf. One of the assigned phase delays can be modified

10 (, D + 5σ) so that the phase displacement matches the angle of the wave. For example, the position of the branch point on the Lr coil in Fig. 14b may be adjusted to adjust the phase delay of the coil (54) to match the overall phase displacement with the wave pitch angle (٠: 0). For example, a trunk can be transformed from to a coil through the allele with a branch point as shown in Figure 14b. It can also be applied to the vertical supply line of the Lr coil through the branch point, which can be modified

15 Position them on the coil to match the total phase displacement with the wave angle

[0155] Once the phase delay (e) is adjusted with the tuning resonator 1406a, then the resistance at the charge terminal Tr can be adjusted so that it is tuned to resonance with respect to the ground plane of the tulip image ideally at a 2/2 composite depth: –d. This can be achieved by adjusting the capacitance at the charge terminal T [without changing the phase delays of the traveling wave of the Lr coil and the supply line

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Rasi Den Al-Adailan, Manila, is the one who is known to be known as Lupkal 9 A and 5 T 4 Liai by Smith Ba, Figure 12.

10156 The resistance seen looking down inside the medium of the lossy toll 303 can be obtained to the composite image plane by:

Looking up inside the Lr coil of the 1406a tuning resonator

5 (88) (26 / tanh0ft (d e mr + “p =,

Where 0 jahaniya: = hagg. For vertically polarized sources on Earth, a composite image plane depth can be obtained by:

(89) £ 0 0015 / d / 2 I 1

Where the most important is the permittivity of the medium of the much loss, 303 and barbarism = ah.

10 [0157] At the base of the tuning resonator 1406A, the resistance that was experienced is looking upwards inside

The structure of the receiver is like this shown in Fig. A. With terminal resistance as follows:

(90)

Where this is the self capacitance of the charge terminal Tr, and the resistance seen looking up inside the mullal supply line can be obtained with the tuning resonator 1406 A through (91) LOL) in Qajbj, Z _ B6 Ja, b'ahb'l! A_ Z²For ~ Z / V (91) 15

The resistance can be obtained by being experienced

Via:

A18 (92) suspend trust 2-a.

50 T._،H

By matching the Dole reactive component (which was seen looking down into the center of the lossy tulle 303) with the reactive component (,) which was seen looking up inside the tuned resonator 1406a, the coupling can be increased to the maximum within the guided surface waveguide probe.

5 [0158] With reference hereinafter to Fig. 14c, where an example of a tuned resonator is illustrated

1406 B does not include a terminal for the Tr charge at the top of the receiver structure. In this

Model, the 1406b tuning resonator does not include a coupled vertical supply line between the coil Lr and the charge tip Tr. Thus, the total phase displacement (4) of the tuning resonator 1406b includes only the phase delay (this) through the Lr coil and as with the tuned resonator 1406a of Fig. 14b,

10 The coil phase delay (RJ) can be adjusted to match the angle (f) of the wave slope determined from equation (86) that results in (φ:). While power extraction is possible with the coupled receiver architecture within the surface waveguide mode, it is difficult to adjust the receiver architecture to achieve maximum coupling with the directed surface vector without the reactive variable load provided by the charge terminal Tr.

15 10159 Referring to Fig. 14d, where a schematic diagram illustrates an example of a modification of a receiving architecture

So that the position closely matches that of a surface-oriented surface waveguide on the surface in the medium of the lossy tulle 303. Starting with 1453, if the receiving structure includes the terminal of the Tr charge (for example, with the tuning resonator 1406a of Fig. 14b), then the terminal of the charge Tr is placed at a specified height above the medium of the much-lost Toll 303 at 1456. The wave is also generated

20 Surface guided by a 300 surface oriented surface wave guide probe, the height may be

Lahrani (c) from the end of the shelf Te Ado from Larnha Al Mamli in Makki Al-Manar Laraa

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Physicist to reduce or decrease the bound charge at the tip of the charge Tr (eg, four

Fold the spherical diameter to the charge terminal) if the receiving structure does not include the charge terminal Tr (for example, the tuned resonator 1406b of Fig.14c) then the flux shifts to 1459.

5 [0160] At 1459, phase delay مطابقة is matched with a receiving structure with inclination

The compound wave Ψ, which is determined by the local characteristics in the medium of the much lost 303. The phase delay (54) can be set in the coil and / or phase delay (e, e) in the vertical supply line to make equal the angle (ψ) of the wave inclination (IV). ). The angle (ψ) can be determined by the slope of the wave using equation (86) - then the electric phase Φ can be matched with the angle with the slope of the wave. For example 10, the delay can be adjusted with the electric phase. 8 + 54 = by changing the geometric variables in the Lr coil and / or the length (or height) of the mole of the vertical supply line.

[0161] Then at 1462, the load resistance is set at the terminal of the charge Tr so that a sample equivalent to the level of a winding of a tuned resonator 1406a resonates. The depth (2 / s) can be determined from the ground plane of the tulip image 809 (Fig. 9a) below the receiving structure by using the equation ( 89) and values ​​15 with the lossy tire mean 303 (for example, ground) at the receiving structure, which can be measured locally. Using this composite depth, the phase displacement (dh) between the ground plane of image 809 and the physical boundary 806 (Fig. 9a) can be determined with the bulk loss medium 303 using 2 / s: p: A :. The resistance (A6A) can then be determined as seen by looking down into the middle of the much-lost 303 using equation (88). This can be thought of as a resonance relationship

20 To increase coupling with directed surface waves to the maximum

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[0162] On the SS Nannian we adjust the winding of the subwoofer to the winding of the capacitive diodes, the velocity factor, the phase delay, the resistance of the coil Lr and the vertical supply line can be specified. In addition, the eigenvalue () can be determined by deflecting the charge TR using, for example, equation (24). The diffusion factor (· ρ) of the Lr coil can be determined using equation (87) and the propagation phase constant (p) of the vertical supply line can be determined using equation (49). Using the subjective capacitance and values ​​specified by the Lr coil and the vertical supply line, it is then possible to determine the resistance (z> d) of the tuning resonator 1406A as seen looking upwards inside the Lr coil using equations (90), ((?), (92)).

10163 An equivalent sphere plane model of Fig. 9a is also applied to the tuning resonator 1406a

10 From Shahal 14 b. The 1406a tuning resonator can be adjusted for resonance with respect to the composite image plane by adjusting the load resistance Z_R With the charge terminal Tr such that the reactance component Xbaae cancels out of 0 percent the reactance component dl of ζ, η, or 0 = 4 b. Thus, the resistance at the physical boundary 806 looking up inside the coil with the tuning resonator 1406a is that resistance associated with the resistance at the physical boundary 806 looking down Inside the center of the toll is much lost

15 303. The load resistance can be adjusted by varying the capacitance (d) with the charge terminal, Tr

Without changing the electric phase delay E + _HC = Φ seen through the charge tip Tr. An iterative approach to adjust the load resistance Zf to resonance can be taken with the equivalent image plane model with respect to the ground plane of the toliel fuse 809, and in this way, the coupling of the electric field can be improved by placing the directed surface waveguide along a surface in the middle of the lossy tulle 303

20 Example, Earth) and / or increasing it to the upper limit.

[0164] With the nickel circuit signal 15, the coil of the magnet 409 is completed with the wave I9 ​​through a matching network of resistance 1433 with an electrical load 1436. In order to facilitate the reception and / or extraction of electrical power from a directed surface wave, the magnetic coil 1409 can be positioned so that the magnetic flux passes through the surface wave of the vector, 9 through Magnetic coil 5, 1409 and thus induce a current in the magnetic coil 1409 and produce a terminal point voltage at the output terminal 1429. The magnetic flux in the surface wave associated with a single coil is algebraically expressed by

(93) Q0 Cel / R-

Where F is the coupled magnetic flux, ftf is the effective relative permittivity with the magnetic flux of the coil 10 1409, μ5 is the permittivity of free space, H is the vector of magnetic field strength

The decimeter, ft is a unit vector perpendicular to the cross-sectional area of ​​the rolls, and its mean. It is the area surrounded by each ring.

For a -1409N winding magnetic coil directed to the maximum coupling with a uniform incident magnetic field across a cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic coil 1409, the induced voltage of the open circuit 15 that appears at the output terminal 1429 of the magnet coil 1409 is as follows

1 H $> LM1 Honey-Kh-70

H

As the variables are defined above. The magnetic coil 1409 can be tuned towards the frequency of the surface wave directed by a distributed resonator or with an external capacitor via the output terminal 1429, depending on

The case, and then the impedance is identical

With an external electrical load 1436

4152481 yum m 18

Conform to grid 1433

[0165] Assuming that the output circuits represented by the magnetic coil 1409 and the load voltage 1436 are set correctly and the conjugate resistances are identical, across a grid to match

5 Resistance 1433, then the induced current in the magnetic coil 1409 can be optimally used to drive the electrical load 1436. The receiving circuit provided through the magnetic coil 1409 provides the advantage in that it should not be physically connected to the ground.

10166 Referring to Figs 14a, 14b, 14c and 15, the receiver circuits introduced through the linear probe 1403, the position match structure 1406, and the magnetic coil

10 1409 each facilitates the reception of the electrical power transmitted from any of the interstitial models

By the waveguide 300 probes compiled above. To this end, the received power can be used for power supply for a 1416/1426/1436 electrical load over a matching conjugate network as it can be estimated. This contrasts with the signals that can be received in a receiver that is transmitted in the form of a radiating electromagnetic field. These signals have very low and no available capacity

15 Receivers of these signals carry transmitters.

[0167] This is also a characteristic 0 characteristic of the surface directed current waves generated using the surface vector waveguide 300 probes configured above as the receiver circuits introduced through the linear probe 1403, the position matching structure 1406, and the coil of the magneto 1409 excitation source 312 (Fig. 3) which are Applied to the 300 surface vector guide probe,

20 Thus generating the vector surface wave to which such circuits are exposed to reception. Reflects this

The superficial logan of the nanor wave is a mediator: Mesyar is a dialect guide for face to face

Truth

300 The Moulouve above includes transmission line mode. In contrast, the power source that powers the radiating antenna that generates the electromagnetic wave is not carried through the receivers, regardless of the number of receivers used.

5 [0168] Thus, it can form one or more surface vector guide probes

300 , One or more receiver circuits in the form of linear probe 1403, tuner mode matching structure 1406, and / or magnetic coil 1409 together as a wireless distribution system. Given that the transmission distance of the surface vector waveguide using the surface vector guide 300 probe as described above is dependent on the frequency, it is possible to achieve a

10 For wireless capability across large regions and even globally

10169 The conventional wireless power transmission / distribution systems that have been widely investigated today include energy harvesting from radiation fields, as well as coupling of the inductive near-field sensor or reactor. In contrast, the current wireless power system does not waste power in the form of radiation which, if not intercepted, is lost forever and neither is the wireless power system

15 What is currently detected is limited to very short ranges as is the case with conventional near-coupled systems of mutual interaction. The wireless power system disclosed herein is a probe coupled with a new surface directed transmission line mode, which is equivalent to delivering power to a load through a linked waveguide or load. Directly wired to a remote power generator. Failure to calculate the power required to maintain the transmission field strength as well as to dissipate it in the surface waveguide, which

20 It is very low at the frequencies is insignificant to the transmission losses in the power lines

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Euclid E1 T Bjh Al-Ani counting 60 ps. Each block goes to a rough boy 4% to carry the required 0 lakh, when the demand on the electrical load is terminated, the power generation source is relatively idle, [0170] with reference to Figure 16A, where a schematic diagram representing the linear probe is shown

1403 And isometric architecture 1406. Figure 6 1b shows a schematic diagram representing the file

Magnetic 1409. Both Linear Probe 1403 and Structure can be considered identical

1406 Thevinin equivalent introduced by an open circuit terminal voltage source Vs and resistor

A terminal point of a non-electrified Zs network. The 1409 magnetic coil can be viewed as a Norton equivalent

Which is represented by a current source with a short circuit terminal Is and a resistor at the terminal point of its network is not

Electrified Zs. You can represent each electrical load 1436/1426/1416 (Figures 14a, 14b

10)

And 15) with a load resistance Zl. Source impedance Zs include real and imaginary components and take

Zs - Rs + jXs format

10171 According to one embodiment, the 1436/1426/1416 electrical load is resistance

Matches for each receiving circuit, respectively. Specifically, it represents every electrical load

1436/1426/1416 through the relevant resistance matching grid

1433/1423/1419 Load on a grid of a specifier probe as 'Zl', expressed as Zl '= Rl' + j

'Xl, which will be equal to Zl' = Zs * = Rs - j Xs, wherein the load resistance given is

'Zl conjugate composite to resist the actual source Zs. Conjugate matching theory, which states that in a state

As a cascade network, conjugate matching occurs at any terminal pair, so it will occur in all pairs

The terminal, then make sure that the actual electrical load 1416/26 A 50 I 4 also MA is associated with its resistance 'Zl. See Egret, ... 1.m 11. GE Annerj Communications Engineering, McGraw-Hill, 3rd Edition, 1956, p. 407. This ensures that the relevant electrical load is

416 426/1 1436/1 is the impedance to match the relevant receiver circuit and that the maximum transmission

5 The power is based on the electric load related 6 41 426/1 1436/1

[0172] The operation of the surface directed waveguide probe 300 can be controlled to adapt to the differences in operating conditions associated with the surface vector guide probe 300. For example, the adaptive control probe system 321 (Fig. 3) can be used to control the feed grid 309 and / or the terminal 1Τ charge to control the operation of the surface waveguide probe

10 Directive 300. Operating conditions may include, but are not limited to, differences in the properties of the lossy molar medium 303 (such as molarity σ and relative permittivity)._Γ), Changes in field strength and / or differences in the loading of the vector surface waveguide probe 300. As can be seen from equations (31), (41) and (42), the refractive index (), and the composite Brewster angle (Qom. Patch 6) , And the slope of the wave (c, h | a |) can be affected by changes in soil tollellification and tolerance

15 Resulting from weather conditions, for example.

10173 Equipment for example, such as, moleometric probes, permittivity sensors, earth variable meters, field meters, current monitoring devices and / or load receivers may be used to monitor changes in operational conditions, and provide information on the current operating conditions of an adaptive probe control system 321. The 321 probe control system can perform

One or more modifications to the surface waveguide probe

We direct the EGJ bear &lt;§ to the favorable m18

Specific operational for the 300 surface waveguide probe. For example, such as divergence

Humidity and temperature will also differ from the molality of the soil. Mollarity probes and / or permittivity sensors may be located in multiple locations around the SMD 5 300 probe. In general, it will be desirable to monitor molarity and / or permittivity at or around

A diversion distance for Hankel E! For the operational frequency. Probes for molarity and / or permittivity sensors may be located in multiple locations (for example, in each quarter sector) around the SMD probe 300.

[0174] Figure 17A shows, an example of a Mullarya metering probe that can be installed to monitor changes in

10 Soil Mollellia. As Humpin in Fig. 17a, a series of measuring probes are inserted on

Straight line length in soil For example, the probes may be rods of 16/9 diameter with urine diameter with penetration depth of 12 urinals or more, which are spaced d = 18 bolts, DSI is 100 watt bulb, Ir is 5 watt, resistance is 14.6 ohms. By applying the AC voltage to the circuit and measuring VI across the resistance and V2 via center probes, the property can be determined by the ratio of

15 Rating from = 21 (71/72). Measurements can be filtered to obtain measurements related only to AC voltage supply frequency. Different configurations can also be used using other voltages, frequencies, sizes of probes, depths and / or spacing

[0175] It is also possible to use the open wire line R probes of the 3L 41524 measurement of the MA as shown in Fig. 7 1B, wherein the resistance is measured between the tops of the two listed rods.

In soil (a medium with high loss) using, for example, a resistance analyzer. And in use case

Resistance analyzer, measurements (R + jX) can be made over a range of frequencies, and are determined

5 Molarity and permittivity are frequency dependent measurements used

(95) [w] na! L 0 [y] eat, and

Where is the capacitance ^, pF by the probe in the air.

[0176] Mollarity-measuring probes and / or permittivity sensors may be configured to assess mollarity

And / or permittivity on a periodic basis, and information analysis by the YMSBAR 321 control system (Fig

10 N). Information can be transferred to the probe control system 321 over a network, but not over

Examples include a local area network (Lan), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a cellular network, or another suitable wired or wireless communications network. Based on the mollarity and / or the observed permittivity, the probe 321 control system can evaluate the change in refractive index (), the composite Brewster angle 0 and / or waveform (14 Ί;) and adjust the waveguide 300 probe to maintain

15 On the phase delay (Φ) of the feeder network 309 equals the wave angle () and / or maintains the resonance of the equivalent surface image model of the surface vector guide probe 300. This can be accomplished by adjusting, for example, C, By »and / Or iCf for example, a 321 probe control system can set the 1T charge end capacitance or phase delay d &lt;0, e. &amp;) Applied to

1 T charge tip to maintain the efficiency of the electrostatic firing of the wave 3 of Cake 0 at or

Near the maximum. The phase applied to the tip of the 1 T charge can be adjusted by changing the position of the faucet on the coil 709 and / or by including a multitude of pre-set taps along the coil length 709 and switching between the pre-set taps locations of the first to a maximum 5 firing efficiency.

[0177] Field strength meters (FS) or field-strength meters (eg, FIM-41 FS, Potomac Instrument Corporation, Silver Spring, MD), can also be distributed around the SMD 300 probe to measure the field strength of the fields associated with the directed surface wave. . Counters can be configured to detect field strength and / or changes in field strength (eg electric field strength) 10 and impart that information to the probe control system 321. Can the information be transferred to the probe 321 control system through a network such as, but not limited to, the local area network (LAN) and the wireless local area network (WLAN) ?! Cellular network or other suitable communication network. When the load and / or environmental conditions change during operation, the surface waveguide probe 300 can be set to maintain the field strength (s) specified at the current strength meter locations to ensure the appropriate power is transferred to the receivers and the loads that extend them.

[0178] For example, the phase delay (φ = θγ + Oc) applied to the 1 طرف charge terminal can be adjusted to match the wave angle (RAM). By setting one or both phase delays, the waveguide waveguide probe 300 can be adjusted to ensure the wave slope To conform to Brewster's vehicle angle

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. This can be accomplished by adjusting the position of the faucet on the coil 109Alarm for a delayed change

Phase extended to the terminal of the charge AAA. The voltage level extended to the charge terminal can also be increased

1Τ or lower it to adjust the electric field strength. This can be accomplished by adjusting a source output voltage

Excitation 312 (Fig. 3) or by tuning or reconfiguring the feed network 309 (Fig. 3).

5 For example, the position of tap 724 (Fig. 7) of an AC source 12 7 (Fig. 7) can be adjusted to increase the voltage seen by the charge terminal AAA. Maintaining field strength levels within predetermined bands can improve coupling of receivers, reduce loss to ground current, and avoid interference with transmission from other surface directed waveguide probes 300

10179 Referring to Figure 18, it illustrates an example of an adaptive control system 330

10 It includes a control system for the probe 321 of Fig. 3, which is configured to adjust the operation of the surface waveguide probe 300, based on the monitoring conditions. As in Figs. 3 and 7, the AC source 712 is the excitation source (312 in Fig. 3) for the charge terminal AA. The current source of frequency 12 7 is coupled to the vector surface waveguide probe 1400) through the feeder network (309 of Fig. 3) including coil 709. The current source can be performed.

15 AC 12 7 through the lower part of the coil 709 through tap 724, as shown in the figure. 7, or the coil 709 can be coupled inductively with an initial coil pathway the coil 709 can be coupled to the ground wedge 715 (Fig.7) at the first end and the charge terminal 11 at the second end. In some applications, the 1ؤ flashlight of the charge terminal 1Τ can be adjusted using the tap 721 (Fig. 7) at the second end of the coil 709. An ammeter can be used between the coil 709.

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The Earthwalk 715 Boni Mosher on the base of the Nugen guide probe

Surface guided 300. Alternatively, a current clip can be used around the coupled molder

Ground 715 to obtain an indication of the current flow value (AH /).

[0180] A 321 probe control system can be implemented using hardware, firmware, and software

5 Implemented by devices, or a combination thereof for example, a probe control system 321 can include circuit handling involving a processor and memory, both of which can be coupled to a local interface such as, for example, a data bus with an associated control / address bus as it may be Valued by those with an ordinary skill in art. A microprocessor probe control application can be implemented to set the operation of the 400 surface guided waveguide probe on a basis

10 Conditions of observation. The probe 321 control system may also include one or more network interfaces for communication with the various monitoring devices. Communications may be through a network such as, but not limited to, a local area network (LAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a cellular network or any other suitable communication network and the probe 321 control system may include, for example, a computer system such as Server, desktop computer, laptop or

15 Any other system with similar capacity

[0181] The Adaptive Control System 330 may include one or more of the 333 ground variable meter (s) such as, but not limited to, the Mollelian gauge probe Figure 17 or the open-wire molar probe of Fig. 7 1b. A meter (s) can be distributed to the variable 333. About 300 waveguide probe, at eg, approx distance

20 Hankel shunt (Rx) associated with the probe operating frequency. For example, an open wire probe of Fig. 7 1b may be located in each quadrant around the SMD 300 probe to monitor

Butaya and Sahei Bout Alwallbol, a large amount of litter. Cover it with a hydrangea color

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Counters for a floor variable 333 to determine the Mollelia and the tolerance to the medium of the much loss on

A cyclical basis and the information is transmitted to the A32 probe control system to make the possible modification of the SMD Probe 300. In some cases, the 333 ground variable meter (s) may transfer the information to the 321 probe control system only when

The change in monitoring conditions is detected,

[0182] The Adaptive Control System 330 may include one or more of the 336 field meter (s) such as, but not limited to, an electric field strength (fs) meter. The field meter (s) can be 336 distributed around the guided surface waveguide probe

10 300 behind the transforming distance of Hankel Dahl (where the vector field strength curve 103 predominates) Fig

1) on the curve of the irradiated field strength 106 (Fig.1). For example, a group of 336 field meters may be located along one or more of the shaped circular shapes that extend outward from the SMD 300 to monitor the electric field strength as previously described. Field 336 counter (s) can be configured to determine field strength on a periodic and conductive basis

15 The information to the probe 321 control system in order to make the possible modification of the directed surface waveguide probe 300. In some cases, the 336 field meter (s) may transfer the information to the probe 321 control system only when a change in the monitoring conditions is detected,

[0183] Other variables can also be RHD and used to adjust the operation of the waveguide probe

20 Surface directed waveguide 300. For example, the ground current flowing through the ground wedge 715 (Fig. 7) can be used to monitor the operation of the directed surface waveguide probe 300.

For example, the ground current can provide an indicator on the variations 8D 1 524D 4M of the MA wave

Directed surface 300 and / or the coupling of the electric field in a directed surface wave position on the medium of the lossy tulle 303 The true power mode can be determined by observing the AC source 12 7 (or the excitation source 312 in Fig. 3) 0 In some applications,

5 The first waveguide 300 probe can be set to the maximum coupling in the SMD mode on the basis of at least partly the current indicator, by setting the phase delay | : 0_ | = 0Ξ0 with which the charge terminal 11 is provided, the symmetry of the wave inclination angle () of the illumination can be maintained at the composite Brewster angle of the headings of a surface wave directed in the medium of the lossy proxy 303 (eg, Earth). This can be accomplished by means of

10 Adjusting the branch point position on the coil 709 however, the ground current can also be affected by the receiver load if the ground current is above the expected current level, this could indicate the occurrence of the uncomplicated loading of the surface vector guide probe 400.

10184 Excitation source 312 (or AC source 712) can also be monitored to ensure that overloading does not occur once the actual load has occurred on the waveguide probe

15 The directed surface area 300 in increase, the output voltage of the excitation source 312, or the voltage extended to the charge terminal 1 طرف of the coil, can be increased to increase the field strength levels, thus avoiding additional load currents. In some cases, the receivers themselves can be used as sensors to monitor the state of the guided surface waveguide position. For example, receivers can

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Monitor field strength and / or load requirement at the receiver. 1 ball can be received

Information on the operating current conditions of the 321 Probe Control System can be summarized

Information to a system to control the 321 Probe through a network such as, but not limited to,

WLAN, LAN, cellular network, or other suitable communication network. Based on the information,

5 The control system of the 321 probe can then adjust the surface vector guide probe 300 to run automatically. For example, the phase delay can be adjusted_HGb-c = () applied to the 1Τ charge terminal to maintain the electrical firing efficiency of the surface vector guide probe 300, so as to supply the receivers with the needs of the load, in some cases, the YSBAR 321 control system can do the tuning of the surface vector guide probe 300 to reduce 10 Loading onto the excitation source 312 and / or the guided surface waveguide probe (300. For example, the voltage extended to the 1Τ charge terminal may be reduced in order to reduce the field strength and prevent the coupling with the alarm of the more distant carrying devices.

[0185] The guide surface waveguide 300 can be set through the probe control system 321 using, for example, one or more of the 339 branch point control devices.

15 In Fig. 18, the spin is controlled from the coil 709 to the upper 1Τ charge terminal by the 339 branch point control devices. In response to a change in the control conditions (for example, a change in the molarity, permittivity, and / or electric field strength), the control system can With the probe contacting the control signal of the branching point controller 339 to initiate a change in the branching point position. A device can be formed

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Branching point control 339 To continuously change the position of the branching point, Lokkha 770 or gradually, on the basis of the terms of the pre-defined branch point. By adjusting the position of the branching point, the phase delay (0) can be adjusted at the 1Τ charge terminal to maintain 5 and / or improve the coupling of the guide probe position for the directed surface wave

[0186] The surface vector guide probe 300 can also be set through the control system of the probe 321 using for example the charge terminal control system 348. By setting the resistance at the 1Τ charge end, it is possible to set the coupling in the SMD mode. A 348 charge tip control system can be configured to change the 1Τ charge terminal capacitance. From

10 During adjusting the load resistance z! With the charge end of 1Τ while maintaining =, which is the resonance with respect to the ground plane of the molten image in this way, the electric field coupling can be improved and / or maximized by placing the guided surface wave along a surface of the lossy tulle medium 303 (for example, the Earth) .

[0187] As discussed, the probe control system 321 with the adaptive control system 15 330 can monitor the operating conditions of the SMD Probe 300 by communicating with the

One or more remote monitoring devices including but not limited to a ground variable counter 333 and / or field counter 336. A probe 321 control system can also monitor other conditions by entering information from, for example, AC source 12 7 (or

Arousal 312). And on the basis of the monitored information, HCACC 3TK4 probe

321 Determine if tuning of the 300 surface guided waveguide probe is required

To improve and / or maximize launch efficiency. In response to a change in one or more control conditions,

The control system for the 321 probe can start with one or more setting of phase delay (A 0 to 0) of an applicator.

5 On the terminal of the charge 1 / and / or the load resistance! To the side of the shipment AAA. In some operations, a 321 probe control system can evaluate the conditions being monitored to determine the source of the change. If the observed condition (s) is the result of a change in the receiver load, then modification with the SMD probe 300 may be avoided. If the monitoring condition (s) affects the firing efficiency of the SMD probe 400, then the control system can avoid the SPI probe 300

10 Initiate modifications with a guided surface waveguide probe (300) to optimize and / or maximize firing efficiency.

[0188] In some embodiments, the size of the charge tip can be adjusted each to control the load resistance locally

With a waveguide probe 300. For example, the capacitance of the 1Τ charge tip can be changed by changing the tip size. The charge distribution can also be improved by

15 Increase the size of the charge end by 1Τ, which can reduce the release of the charge end of the charge AAA. In other embodiments, a charge of 1Τ may include a variable inductance that can be set to change

Load resistance ¾. 1Τ charge tip size control can be provided by the control system

By probe 321 through the charge terminal control system 348 or via a separate control system

10189 Figures 19a and 19b show an example of a dusty tip 15242003 m 4 the MA terminal of the 1Τ charge with a guided surface waveguide probe 300 or the tip of the Tr charge with a tuned resonator

1406 (Figures 14b and 14c). For example, the variable tip can include 203

On the inner cylindrical log 206 is nested inside the outer cylindrical section 209. It can

5 The inner and outer cylindrical parts include 206 and 209 panels on the bottom and top, on

In Figs. 19a, the cylindrical variable end of Fig. 203, respectively, shows a shrunken state

First volume, can be associated with first actual spherical diameter. To change the tip size, and hence the diameter

Actual spherical, one section or both can be expanded with the variable tip 203 to increase the surface area

As shown in Fig.19b. This can be achieved by using a drive mechanism such as an electric motor or

10 Electrically isolated hydraulic cylinder to prevent charge discharge at the tip. In this way, it can be adjusted

The capacitance (Cl or Cr) at the 1Τ charge terminal; Tr_j, and thus the load resistance (¾ or ¾) at the 1 T charge terminal Tr or

[0190] Referring to Fig. 20, where a schematic representation showing a variable limb is shown

212 Including variable inductance coefficient 215 inside the outer surface 218 at tip 212. From

15 By placing a variable inductance inside pin 212, the load impedance can be adjusted with the waveguide probe

The guided surface 300 (Fig. 3) or Zr load resistance with shaped resonator 1406 tuned

14b and 4 1c) by adjusting the inductance factor 215, without affecting the surface of the charge with a tip

The charge is 1Τ. In some embodiments, the variable tip may include 203 in Figures 19a and 19

B variable inductance coefficient 215 within cylindrical sections 206 and 1.209, β k 52 shack, available

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A wider range of Zl load resistance control with the 300 surface guided waveguide probe.

10191 It should be emphasized that the examples described above are examples of the present disclosure

For potential applications shown for a clear understanding of detection principles, many variant images can be made

And the modifications to the model (models) that were written above without deviating greatly from the spirit and principles

Disclosure It is the intent here of all modifications and variations to be included here within the scope of this

This disclosure is protected by the following protection. Plus, all features are optional

The favorites, as well as modifications to the illustrated forms and the assigned protection measures, are usable in all areas

Aspects of disclosure presented teaches about it here. Moreover, individual features are unearthed protection

10)

Assigned to it, as well as all optional and preferred features and modifications to the illustrated forms are viable

To merge and switch with each other.

Protection elements