Air-water heat pump

The present invention relates to the field of energy, more particularly to an air-to-water heat pump for space-efficient heating and domestic hot water.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

The working principle of the heat pump is based on the thermodynamic Karn principle. The development and use of heat pumps are closely linked to the rise in energy prices on the global market. Heat pumps are widely used, especially in the US, Canada and Northern Europe, and heat pumps draw energy from nature, ie from land, water bodies, groundwater and air from where solar energy is stored, as well as from sewage, ventilated air or multiple sources at once.

There is a known heat pump with heat pump (WO 79/00874, Eurocdevelopment AB, published 01.11.1979), which is adapted to heat a house. The heat pump evaporator is protected from rain and wind by a hood. The outside air gives its heat to the evaporator. The heat exchanger of a heat pump consists of one or more elements that heat the ambient air. Such a solution entails additional costs to protect the evaporator.

There is a known heat pump (EP1707886, Hitachi Home & Life Solutions, Ine., Published 04.10.2006) which has a circulating circuit with a coolant containing a compressor, a heat exchanger, an expansion valve to reduce the coolant pressure, an evaporator which is provided heat exchange between uncompressed coolant and air, and a thermal circuit connecting the circulator and the heat pump control equipment. The disadvantage of such a solution is the high operating costs.

The operating principle of such a device is briefly defined as: the compressor, using energy, compresses the accumulated gaseous cold material in the evaporator, causing the cold material to heat up, directing the hot material to a heat exchanger, i.e. a condenser where it condenses and releases its heat to a heat carrier radiators or underfloor heating system.

There is a well-known heat pump Thermia Atria (http://www.movekgrupp.com) that uses TWS (Tap Water Stratification) technology. The external module is installed outside the house and the heat pump inside. The compressor can operate at outdoor temperatures up to -20 ° C, and the melting process is performed using a shunt valve. The disadvantage of this solution is the periodic escort, which requires additional energy.

There is a well-known heat pump Nibe Fighter 2010 (http://www.kliimaseade.ee) that uses a two-stage power regulator in the fan and compressor to ensure high output of the heat system at low external temperatures; the system is controlled by a SMO-10 panel. The disadvantage of this solution is the high energy costs.

The closest to a state-of-the-art air-to-water heat pump is the Octopus Energi AB (http://www.octopus.ee) air-to-water heat pump, consisting of an evaporator, compressor, condenser, control electronics and coolant circulating in the heat pump. . The disadvantage of this solution is that it does not have the ability to adjust the evaporator area.

THE SUBSTANCE OF THE INVENTION

The challenge was to improve the design of the air-to-water heat pump, which would increase compressor life and pump performance. For this purpose, an air-water heat pump consisting of an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, control equipment, and cooling material circulating in the heat pump is provided. The pump evaporator is passive, optimally equipped with 12 ribbed stands. To increase the heat exchange area, at least to match the power of the compressor, a coil-shaped evaporator is buried in the ground or two more stands are attached to the evaporator rack. In order to enhance the lubricant circulation in the lubrication system of the compressor, the vertical parts of the connecting edges of the evaporator stands with horizontal edges are connected. In the heat pump, clean propane is used as a cooling agent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air-water heat pump;

FIG. Fig. 2 shows an evaporator with an additional coil, and an enlarged view of the riser connection tube with the ribs.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

An air-water heat pump consisting of: evaporator (manifold) 1, compressor 2, condenser 3, expansion valve 4, coil 5, control equipment and coolant circulating in the heat pump are provided. The evaporator has star-shaped ribbed stands 6 made of aluminum.

In the present invention, evaporator 1 is a passive evaporator. In order to increase the heat exchange area 12 coils 5 with an outer diameter of 22mm, an inner diameter of 18mm and a length of 30-60m are attached to 12 ribbed stands 6. Initially, the coolant passes through a ribbed stand and, before passing through the compressor, passes through a coil 5. The coil can be placed in the ground in a single conduit along with the pipes that connect the evaporator to the thermal unit in the building. In the present invention, the passive evaporator 1 draws energy from the outside air without needing to dissolve or direct air through the fan, resulting in a 30% higher efficiency of the passive evaporator than the active one. The basis of passive evaporator efficiency is the construction of ribbed stands

6 having a star-shaped section and a ribbed ribbed surface. Compared to a smooth surface, a ribbed ribbed surface increases the edge area by a factor of 3.

The efficiency of the heat pump can also be increased by increasing the number of ribbed stands from 6 to 14, but in this case coil 5 is no longer in use.

The compressor lubricating grease circulates in the heat pump along with the coolant. In circulation, the highest resistance is to the ribbed connecting rods 7, where the grease leaks onto the bottom of the connecting rods. To remedy this defect, the vertical parts of the hoops are connected to horizontal tubes 8, the length and diameter of which are not specified. This prevents any grease from leaking onto the bottom of the coupling arc and circulates all the time with the coolant. Such a compressor lubrication system extends its wear time 2-3 times.

In the present invention, technologically pure propane (R290), a natural environmentally friendly gas having a boiling point of -43 ° C, plays a cooling role. The use of such gas reduces the operating costs of the heat pump.

The air-to-water heat pump works as follows: the energy required for evaporation is drawn from the outside air, while the moisture in the air condenses on the ribbed surface of the evaporator, which absorbs the energy released during condensation. The vapor is compressed in the compressor, which increases the vapor temperature. In the condenser, the vapor condenses and the released energy is transferred to the heating system. The coolant, which drops to its original pressure and temperature, is returned to the evaporator via an expansion valve. By absorbing and transferring heat, the coolant is constantly circulating and remains unchanged.