Resonant antenna

Resonant Antenna {RESONANT ANTENNA}

The present invention receives and transmits electromagnetic microwaves in the wavelength range of λ and consists of a substrate layer made of a low dielectric material made to have a conductive ground plane on one side, and the side opposite to the ground plane is conductive in the form of a micro-strip circuit. .

The scope of application of the present invention is between 890 MHz and 960 MHz or between 1710 MHz and 1890 MHz._Z Extending to small technical fields and mobile communications within the spectral range between

Similar antennas in the realm of mobile communications are based on a linear antenna structure, which is a form of single-pole application in short-term or long-term implementation. In addition to being affected by various directional factors and efficiencies, this linear antenna resembles an external aerial antenna as a component directly coupled to the terminal device, which component is omnidirectional at the azimuth level. Known planar antennas are based on a planar arrangement similar to a bipolar structure in which each antenna support or antenna body, along with important radiation modifying properties, the radiation pattern is irregular. The radiation field characteristics with respect to the coverage area are inferior to those of the conventional linear antenna. As such, the characteristics of the radiation pattern are not described. There is also no known solution, the electromagnetic field or radiation characteristics are achieved on the basis of micro-strip technology, using asymmetric open wave guidance technology, in particular a thin circuit or foil-shaped conducting surface.

Since the azimuth omni-directional antenna structure described in patent DE 41 13 277 is formed from foil as a structural support, the aforementioned antenna element is applied to the capacitive top carried on the outside of the terminal device container. In this way, the azimuth omnidirectional antenna structure described in patent DE 41 21 333 starts with an electrically non-conductive membrane as a mechanical structure support, so that the main radiation direction with respect to the height is about -30°, i.e. has a negative vertical angle. .

A disadvantage of the antenna structure according to the prior art is therefore that it is omni-directional at the azimuth level or emits only within a negative angular range.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a component capable of incorporating an antenna component having the smallest possible surface expansion with a unidirectional directional effect; That is, it is applicable to spatial hemispheres as well as limited angular movement within the positive angular range.

This object is achieved as described in the characterization part of claim 1 .

In the case of an antenna described according to the invention and characterized as a heat shield, reference is made to a λ/4 radiator shortened on one side relative to the ground. The longitudinal conductor portion used as the resonator to achieve the maximum compression structure is denoted as λ/4. In the manner described above, the resonator is induced and no oscillation state is implemented. At the opposite end of the resonator on the short side, an end capacitance is generated so that a resonant state can be obtained. This terminal capacitance is formed by a conductive segment connected to one end of the resonator positioned opposite the short side and forming an open circuit at the other end. The length of the additional conductive segment is determined by the state of vibration and the resonant frequency of the overall structure. Here, various types of conductive segments at the resonator end can be considered to realize a limited end capacitance. The terminal capacitance can be realized by one or several circuits of suitable length that do not necessarily have to be parallel to each other or move into a resonator. All circuits are laid out regardless of curvature and do not necessarily take the form of a straight line.

By covering the antenna or thin film radiator using an additional dielectric layer, which is not taken into account in the design process, an opposing dielectric adjacent to the radiator with significantly reduced sensitivity can be achieved. This is important because incorporating the foil antenna into the radio unit and holding the radio unit by hand will have an impact on the result that functionality is maintained and the antenna is not mistuned.

Since one side is short in an antenna of the type described above, there is only one transmitting and receiving end. This gives a directional character to the oscillation plane of the electric field vector and angular movement in the main transmission direction in a plane of about 30° along the line of sight on the short transmitter side-transmission end.

The electrical properties of an antenna, such as properties, impedance band, gain and efficiency, depend on the size of the mechanical reduction, the width of the resonator, the distance between the resonator and the terminal capacitance circuit segment, the effective tolerance constant, and the substrate thickness or dielectric loss angle.

According to the present invention, two or more antennas having different wavelengths can be installed in a relatively narrow space. A feature of the present invention is that the resonator achieved using the micro-strip technique to accept microwaves is formed shorter than λ g/4, and the oscillation state is no longer satisfied. The required terminal capacitance is achieved by an additional conductor segment. The extension of the frequency band can be achieved by means of additional antenna elements by means of electromagnetic coupling. This is achieved by additional micro-strip circuitry placed in the resonator and terminal capacitance at regular intervals. Multiple wavelengths can be accommodated using two or more resonators on a single substrate, the resonators being interleaved and switched to the required frequency band. Each antenna may be arranged in one plane or may be arranged in layers. In this way multiple antennas are provided for a layer so that more than one different frequency band can be used. Here, the mobile radiotelephone can communicate with other mobile communication networks.

In the following, various embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the drawings.

1 shows an antenna according to the invention having a resonator connected to the ground floor and two conductor segments, showing the terminal capacitance and adjacent to the resonator on both sides;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows the antenna shown in Fig. 1 in which only one conductor segment forms a terminal capacitance;

FIG. 4 shows the antenna of FIG. 1 , with a conductor portion positioned on one side of the resonator; FIG.

5 and 6 show an antenna having a conductor portion forming a terminal capacitance;

Fig. 7 shows an antenna having a terminal capacitance conductor formed at an angle rather than a straight line;

8 to 10 are the antennas shown in FIG. 2, in which a plurality of resonators interleaved with each other are provided to increase the frequency band;

11 shows two antennas interleaved with each other, as described in the present invention, to accommodate both frequency bands;

Fig. 12 shows two antennas according to the invention arranged on a substrate to accommodate two frequency bands with one supplemental coupler for increasing each frequency band;

Fig. 13 is a view from above with a plane-antenna for receiving two frequency bands;

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna shown in Fig. 13;

*Code Description

1,8 ... ground plane 2,2a/b,4,4a/b ... terminal capacitance

6a/b,K,K₁ ... resonator conductor parts

9 ... the feeder point of the antenna

10 ... dielectric support layer 11 ... dielectric layer

12 ... conductive coating parts

13,13a,13b ... inner conductor 14,14a,14b ... solder point

15,15a,15b ... opening

B_A ... antenna width L_B ... length of ground plane B

L_A ... antenna length L_R ... length of the resonator conductor

L_K1 ... length of terminal capacitance conductor

L_SP, L_SP1 ...the width of the separation gap

1 shows the invention having a conductor structure S consisting of conductor portions 2, 3, 4 which are parallel to each other and extending along a straight line, and having a low-k dielectric support 10 in the form of a thin film layered on one side. An antenna is shown as described in , wherein the conductor 3 is conductive and is connected to the ground plane 8 on one side, which is a ground plane ( 1) is connected with Instead of the conductive coating 12 , the ground layer 8 may be connected to the ground plane 1 by a number of terminal pins passing through the substrate layer 10 . The conductive coating of the cross-section of the support plate 10 shown in FIG. 2 need not be carried out over the entire width of the antenna, but this may partially damage the coating of the thin-film cross-section. The conductive parts 2, 3, 4 are arranged apart from each other by a predetermined gap, so that the conductive parts 2, 3 and 4 are connected by a band-shaped conductor part 7 extending obliquely at a predetermined part length and width. , a conductive portion extending diagonally is disposed at the conductive end of the antenna positioned opposite the ground contact 8 . The conductor 3 connected to the ground layer 8 at one end of the conductor and the oblique strip conductor 7 at the opposite end is connected at the 9 part with the signal wave conductor, and the central conductor of the coaxial wave guide has an opening 15 The opening is arranged in the opposite ground plane (1) and connected with the conductor (3) at 9 parts on the longitudinal symmetry line of the conductor and guided to the center, the outer conductor of the coaxial wave guide is the opening rim (15) and connected to the opposite ground plane (1).

The oscillation state of an open, asymmetric wave guide structure in the form of micro-strip technology is determined for the geometric length and width of the conductors 2 , 3 , 4 . The starting impedance of the micro-strip is determined with respect to the input coupling point 9 along the line of symmetry of the conductor part 3, which depends on the length of the conductor part 2,4, and the signal input and output coupling is a circular coaxial opening or 9 through a slit or quadrilateral opening.

Misalignment of the antenna due to the influence of the dielectric environment is compensated for the length of the conductor parts 2 and 4, so the degree of misalignment of the antenna due to the factors of the dielectric environment is achieved by applying a dielectric layer 11 having a predetermined number of dielectrics as well as a predetermined structure. is minimized by

The dielectric support layer 10 is a polystyrene thin film having a layer thickness of 1 mm with a copper or aluminum film layer having a thickness of 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm forming a ground plane on one side for the entire area. As shown in Fig. 2, the same polystyrol support is made of copper or aluminum having a layer thickness of between 0.01 mm and 0.5 mm, and the conductor portions (2, 3, 4) are straight and parallel to each other and separated by a certain longitudinal gap. ) is provided with a thin film-shaped structure (S) made of. The dielectric layer 11 has a layer thickness of about 1 mm.

In a specific construction, the antenna is 199 mm long L_Awith a width of 40mm B_Ahave Length L of the ground plane (8)_Ais 20 mm. Distance L from the ground plane (8) to the feeder position of the antenna (9)_Bis 20 mm. The diameter of the opening 15 is 4.1 mm. terminal capacitance K₁and K₂The lengths of the conductors forming it are measured to be 82.6 mm and 56.7 mm. Length L of conductor 3 forming resonator R_Ais measured at 85.7 mm. The width of the conductor 2 is 11.5 mm, and the width of the conductor 4 is 9.5 mm. The width of the resonator conductor part is 12 mm.

3 shows an antenna as described in the present invention in which the resonator conductor 3 or only one conductor K running parallel to R forms the terminal capacitance.

4 shows two parallel conductor parts K, arranged on one side of the resonator conductor part R;₁and K₂It shows the antenna described in the present invention in which the terminal capacitance is formed by As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the terminal capacitance of three or four conductor parts K₁-K₄An antenna may be formed to be made by

Figure 7 shows an antenna structure as described in the present invention in which the conductor portions 16 and 17 forming the terminal capacitance are not straight but curved.

8 to 10 show antennas in which the frequency band of the antenna is adjusted and expanded by electromagnetic combined with conductive components disposed on the same dielectric support substrate. The antenna shown in Fig. 8 has the same basic structure as the antenna shown in Fig. 3, wherein the U-shaped conductor portions 19, 20 and 21 form the distal capacitance in the space between the conductor portion 2 and the resonator conductor portion 3 It is fitted with one of the arms 21 in. The other arm 19 is connected to a supplemental ground plane 18 , which is connected to a ground plane 1 coincident with the ground plane 9 . FIG. 9 has the same basic structure as FIG. 1 , in which two additional U-shaped conductor parts 23-28 are provided and each part having arms 27,28 is a space formed by conductors 2,R,4. pushed in

9 and 10 show another possible embodiment of the antenna described in the present invention, wherein the arrangement of the additional conductor parts 30-38 with coupling to extend the frequency band is optional. It is also conceivable that the conductor parts may be spirally intertwined with each other so that long parallel leads of the conductor segments are obtained in a relatively minimal space.

11 to 14 show an antenna to which two antenna signals can be connected and separated, wherein two frequency bands can be simultaneously received by using only one foil antenna. Through the variable design of the resonator conductor parts Ra and Rb, the resonance state is determined together with the electromagnetic wave splitting points 43a, 43b as well as the conductor parts 41a,b, 42a,b. By inserting two antennas, it can be placed in a limited space at most.

Fig. 12 shows another type of antenna using two connecting portions 51a and 51b for guiding a dielectric wave. The antenna arrangement shown in Fig. 8 having respective sizes is arranged along one another in one substrate support.

13 and 14 show a multi-layered antenna in which the antenna described in the present invention is disposed in a sandwich structure with respect to each other in several layers, so that one antenna conforms to the vibration/reciprocal state for a frequency of a specific mobile communication network. The antenna structures placed above each other via different resonant frequencies interfere with each other minimally. Compared to the device shown in Fig. 2, since minimum space is required in the case of arranging the antenna structure in layers, the antenna shown in Fig. 13 can be made in a compressed form so that the housing of the mobile phone device surrounding it can be designed relatively small. have.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna shown in Fig. 13; The conductive coatings 12a,b of the cross-sectional area of the supporting substrates 10a, 10b consist of a structural layer S_Aand S_Bis connected with This conductive cross-sectional coating is also possible on the opposite side, depending on the antenna structure.

As each conductor part is selected according to the desired resonant frequency, coupling and tuning, it is clear that the conductor structure must be determined to achieve the programmed frequency.