Exhaust gas treatment device for internal combustion engine with exhaust turbosupercharger

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

(Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to the exhaust gas processing unit of the internal-combustion engine with an exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine which prevents exhaust air smoke. (Conventional technology and its problem) This applicant forms the two-step exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine of the low-pressure stage and the high-pressure stage in an internal-combustion engine about this kind of exhaust gas processing unit, The catalyst the afterburner apparatus to which quantity of heat is added, and for exhaust gas processing is provided in the flueway of a high-pressure stage turbine and a low-pressure stage turbine, The art (JP,59-203815,A) which provided the low speed and the slice valve which carries out opening and closing control so that exhaust gas may be passed to an afterburner apparatus and a catalyst at the time of low loading is developed. In this conventional technology, although exhaust air smoke can be prevented at the time of a low speed and low loading, the turbine nozzle of a low-pressure stage exhaust turbosupercharging machine is too large, the efficiency of a low-pressure stage turbine is low at the time of Fast in low ,, and it cannot expect improvement in an output. (The object of an invention) An object of the present invention is to provide the exhaust gas processing unit of the internal-combustion engine with an exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine which can improve the organization performance of a low , middle-speed range while preventing exhaust air smoke. (Constitution of an invention) (1) Technical means In the internal-combustion engine with a two-step exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine in which the present invention has a high-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine and a low-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine, It is an exhaust gas processing unit of the internal-combustion engine with an exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine making variable area of the turbine nozzle which provides the afterburner apparatus and catalyst which add quantity of heat in the flueway which connects a high-pressure stage turbine and a low-pressure stage turbine, and supplies exhaust gas to it at a low-pressure stage turbine. (2) OPERATION The turbine nozzle area of the low-pressure stage is extracted at the time of Fast in low , with little gas volume, and turbine efficiency is raised. (EXAMPLE) (1) The 1st example It is Drawing 1 showing the diesel engine of the 1st example of the present invention, and 10 is a cylinder head. Air intake A is supplied to each cylinder from air intake manifold 12 of cylinder head 10, Exhaust air E discharged by exhaust air manifold 14 is supplied to turbine 18a of high-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine 16a, and turbine 18b of low-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging 1116b, Blower 20a and 20b are driven, and air intake A is supercharged. 22 is an intercooler. In Drawing 2 which is an important section expanded sectional view of Drawing 1, afterburner apparatus 24 and catalyst 26 are provided in both the above-mentioned turbines 18a and flueway 28 between 18b. circulation of exhaust air E to afterburner apparatus 24 and catalyst 26 -- a change-over valve -- 40 To switch, it strokes like and is. Fuel injection valve 31 and spark plug 32 are provided in afterburner apparatus 24, Predetermined quantity of heat is added to exhaust air E which flows into catalyst 26, and exhaust gas processing with catalyst 26 is promoted, At the time of afterburner apparatus 24 which is the structure which supplies pure exhaust air E to turbine 18, and it discharges from exhaust pipe 33 (Drawing 1) (JP,59-203815,A), and the high speed which does not need to operate catalyst 26 Change-over valve 40 is switched, exhaust air E is passed to exhaust air supervisor 42, and circulation resistance of exhaust air E is reduced. Pressure gauge 34 which detects the load of the amount of exhaust gas and a diesel engine with exhaust air pressure is formed in exhaust air manifold 14 of Drawing 1. Detection signal 34a of pressure gauge 34 is transmitted to control device 37, and control signal 37a which controls change-over valve 40 grade from control device 37 is outputted. a Behn style variable nozzle 60 (Drawing 3) which has nozzle 58 which can be rotated freely is provided in the turbine nozzle (inlet section) of low-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine] and turbine 18b of 6 b, and it appears in it. By changing the angle of this nozzle 58, it is possible to raise the efficiency of turbine 18b according to the amount of exhaust gas, and it carries out step control of the angle of nozzle 58 without going through stages or gradually by signal 37a of the above-mentioned control device 37. Next, an operation is explained. For example, when there is little gas volume of exhaust air E at the time of Fast in low ,, Behn 58 of variable nozzle 60 is rotated, the opening area of variable nozzle 60 is extracted, and the efficiency of turbine] and 8 b is raised also with small gas volume. Charge pressure goes up by the improvement in efficiency of turbine 18b, and the output at the time of Fast in low , increases. At the time of the high speed whose gas volume of exhaust air E increases, the opening area of variable nozzle 60 is increased, a lot of exhaust air E is passed to turbine 18b, and it supercharges effectively. Also when adjusting opening area to two steps by 2 entry type turbine nozzle 54 and change-over valve 52 as shown in Drawing 4 instead of, of course, it can apply. [ the above Behn style variable nozzles 60 ] (2) The 2nd example When [ this ] this applicant is developing the diesel engine with a two-step supercharger which shows in Drawing 5, afterburner apparatus 24 and catalyst 26 are established between turbine 18a of high-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine 1.6 a, and turbine 18b of low-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine 16b, exhaust air supervisor 42 opened and closed by change-over valve 40 is provided, and it comes out. 2 entry type nozzle 54 which has change-over valve 52, respectively is provided in both turbines 18a and 18b. Bypass channel 35 which bypasses a part of exhaust air E supplied to catalyst 26 is formed in parallel with catalyst 26. Bypass slice valve 36 (Drawing 4) of the butterfly form is infixed in the middle of bypass channel 35, and bypass slice valve 36 The bypass channel 35 is opened and closed. Control signal 37a (Drawing 1) has inputted also into this bypass slice valve 36, and it carries out opening and closing control of the bypass slice valve 36 with control signal 37a. Although the output characteristic of an organization turns into characteristic X1 in the above example [ 2nd ] in Drawing 6 which is a graph of organization number-of-rotations N= output W, change-over valve 4o is closed in field ■, exhaust air supervisor 42 is closed, afterburner apparatus 24 is lit, and bypass slice valve 36 is closed. Next, in field ■, change-over valve 40 is closed, afterburner apparatus 24 increases quantity of heat, bypass slice valve 36 opens, preventing the fall of organization performance, the turbine appliance inlet pressure of turbine 18b is raised, and only the part raises charge pressure power. In field ■, change-over valve 40 is opened, afterburner apparatus 24 is suspended, bypass slice valve 36 is closed, and the same operation as the usual two-step supercharger A" diesel engine is performed. As furthermore shown in Drawing 7, variable nozzle 60 which has Behn 58 to turbine 18a of high-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine 16a may be provided, and 2 entry type nozzle 54 which has change-over valve 52 to turbine 18b of low-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine 16b may be provided. (EFFECT OF THE INVENTION) With the exhaust gas processing unit of the internal-combustion engine with an exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine according to the present invention as explained above, To for example, flueway 28 which connects high-pressure stage turbine 1.8 a and low-pressure stage turbine]8b as shown in Drawing 2, Since afterburner apparatus 24 and catalyst 26 which add quantity of heat were established and a Behn style variable nozzle 60 of opening area good modification was provided in low-pressure stage turbine 18b, To turbine 18b by the side of the low pressure which had little gas volume of exhaust air E, and had few supercharge effects at the former, By extracting opening area with variable nozzle 60, can pass exhaust air E so that the efficiency of turbine 18b may be raised also with small gas volume, and raise charge pressure by the improvement in efficiency of turbine 18b, and an air mass flow is made to increase, and the output at the time of Fast in low , can be increased. An effect improves further by carrying out good change of the nozzle of a high-pressure stage turbine.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

The structure schematic illustration and Drawing 2 in which Drawing 1 shows the diesel engine of the 1st example of the present invention are important section enlarged drawings of Drawing 1, A structure schematic illustration in case Drawing 3 has a ■-■ sectional view of Drawing 2 and Drawing 4 has 2 entry type nozzle, and Drawing 5 are a structure schematic illustration of 2nd example -, and a structure schematic illustration showing example in which the graph of an organization number-of-rotations-output and Drawing 7 of Drawing 6 are another. 16 a ... high-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine, 16 b ... a low-pressure stage exhaust air exhaust turbosupercharging machine, 18a, and 1.8-9 = b [ ... A change-over valve, 54 / ... 2 entry part nozzle, 58 / ... Behn, 60 / ... A Behn style variable nozzle applicant for a patent / Yanmar Diesel Engine, Inc. representative Patent attorney : Tadataka Omori +-, 1, -] ... A turbine, 24 ... An afterburner apparatus, 26 ... A catalyst, 52 , : 1.11 i-, -, D