Manufacture of halogenated hydracid

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

the manufacturing method of halogenation water 1 acid with new This division -- more -- detailed ) -- it is related with halogenation water 5 to which halogen gas and water are made to react under existence of the catalyst of Sumo 1 or non-graphite-like carbon at the manufacturing method of acid Halogenation water [ of this invention ] 'J7!, and acid fl!J Manufacturing method, it is combination about the halogen acid electrolyzing method which was carried out at JP,55-21587,A as for N1; Loading, and a new halogen acid manufacturing process -- it is [ as opposed to / especially / the manufacturing process of hydrogen ] an object for A 1, and close -- improper -- a part -- since it has a relation, it carries out between music about this volume-of-water fR Construction method first. This water ice manufacturing process is efficiency good (it is the method of manufacturing Water house.) only by making the halogen generated in A story 1 V'r react to water, building halogen acid, and using water or a non-graphite-like carbon grain child as an insertion material at the same time it manufactures hydrogen by electrolysis of hydrogen halide acid. Use I+ The electrolysis vessel for separating hydrogen from halogen acid is carried out in combination with the reaction field in which □ Interest carries out the halogen separated by electrolysis and which generates acid. A reaction field adjoins a halogen collection field of an electrolysis vessel, and is ing. It is NPi (halogen, water, and a reaction agent which were decomposed within a tub are used.) in order to generate halogen acid. It present-invention-Si-To, and it is desirable and sets to a Over 10 Periodic reaction field.. It is the method of manufacturing r1 Genn-ized Aquatic acid, It +' Excels and makes halogen gas and water react under existence of non-graphite carbon under existence of the catalyst chosen from the group which consists of the titanium which ruthenium -ed Enoko(ed), titanium which platinum -ed Wild rice(ed), and these mixtures. Appearance like Viscosity of the present invention The reaction field which generates the Ha rI Genn acid of the addition * Leave and for electrolysis solutions moves idly, and generates the halogen acid for supply using It is Ha i" Genn and water." although it is required for this chemical reaction in rapid hydrogenation -- such addition -- the present invention -- Guzzui and Carbon, the titanium that ruthenium -ed Work(ed), and Dim -- platinum ?7i[-- use the catalyst of the titanium etc. which were carried out -- ?', rt, and [intermediary To have. As for these three catalysts, to hydrogenation of about 5 Chi concentration, it is effective and j-Synthesis of a certain Acid saturation 1J level and chloride is To. It is use 1-ing about the non-graph *T Ito-like carbon which cow hnu Makes 2 Acid furniture carbon the chemical reaction which generates the desirable voice Rogen acid of the present invention as Seki 1jl-secondary products. the present invention is good 1 *12 -- fA+ -- and it is using it -- this -- Yo -- it can be made a value higher than A 11 Acid IIII Concession according to the catalyst which uses hydrogenation of the disassembled halogen by 4 and invention with non-graphite carbon. Real Martyr of A is also possible to good Up 1.j Sprout- (or [ -&15 Mr. *'r' is using the solution of halogen acid ]), and it is power To. # About a body process, it will mention below. It is UseJ (1 Si ing halogen acid is acid which is not halogen Outgoing water * Acid yz Walk fW Acidic acid.) here. the method of carrying out non-graphite Carbon stock E and moon 1 -- [-[, a catalyst method and halogen, and water -- 1r+l>Jy -- Response -- the halogen acid of the degree of Fair l Island has been obtained more by hydrogenating by * from Made higher than other publicly known methods of obtaining -1-c halogen acid in psi'I 41. Therefore, if this is included in a hydrogen manufacturing process, only water is needed for eye fr carry out Jinsei operation. (5) Drawing 1 shows, device #, i.e., the hinoki, for manufacturing hydrogen from water and creating hydrogen from water and a sword * graphite-like carbon grain child preferably. According to Mr. real Ki rjl+ who shows here, a device, i.e., tub A, is L A for halogen of % Endurance matter and Io 1 grade being disassembled with electrode 12 including hydrogen electrode 1n2MJ:Facial expression halogen M[pole 12, Absorption 11y Do and halogen electrode 12[-- adjoining halogen is made immediate into electrolysis solution E consisting of halogen acid solution. Qualified power supply 11 -- the both ends of electrode 10*12 -- part Mpi (1 if Pressure is impressed -- the inside of an electrolytic solution -- Ha -- "-- the Genn-ized Water purple is decomposed, and generate hydrogen to hydrogen collection field 14 of compartment 16, and generate halogen to halogen collection field 20 of compartment 22.) Compartments 16 and 22 are connected with the suitable device containing channel 24 divided by Partition g30 made in E. I. du Pont de Nemours brand name Nafion (Nnflon). It is Nafion of this l'MHtA1120 watch and is about 0.254001 m (10 mil) in thickness. It is semipermeable barrier membrane A flask tic Inquiry which uses publicly known a Linafion as a Completion bell Fluorosulfonic acid (A) base. Compartment 16 (R1t 4:Jl water tube 32 is included the 1 bottom, and bottom of compartment 22 Kicking 111 +4111 water tube 34 is included.) It carries out Le A1 ready [ of noted Every 4j and the eta1 To / in / business is carried out and / both compartments / of a fluid ] for suitable valve 36.38. The drainage pipe of cholera can carry out A phiJ'tl, in order to remove sludge and other unnecessary accumulation things in the bottom of each Comber Ment 16.22. entrance 4o where not only a halogen collection field but Pj Response territory field for manufacturing makeup halogen acid introduces water and carbon 1'71 child C in compartment 22 which wants Jf -- providing -- Jl ing. +1 (42 is to adjustment device with this another valve + It was) As for Hesi in reaction Candy area, the carbon grain child as whom 93 persons act, and /+ It was of compartment 22, it is 9 Notch Si There to join the valve of water into W-" and Ding [ which is carried out Section 1 ] (it is halogen, such as The ground, when l;i] Beginning carried out 1'') y Response compartment 22. J 4 -- halogen population 44 which is carried out by % valve 46 as for the heart of Section 1 is illustrated. Since it is supported by shuttlecock army 50 or suitable journal mount 52 in compartment 22 and this is JIX I+ Carried out by motor 54, it is maintained by a flow, or the direction of the outside" and the Ma A week child actor of the fluid in 'l'+ Solution E. [ of compartment 22 ] 'jii 'Solution' 1lir Stirring of the reaction field is carried out to Love, and continuation circulation is carried out. For this reason, it is maintained by carbon grain child C and suspended state voice within t+ A settling solution of compartment 22. this Warm IJ'l that can keep the electrolysis solution of a reaction field actual to ill more than about 80 degreeC, and l l&" since it generates in heat by electrolysis -- " -- the chemical reaction in field 20 is made easy. it becomes known to 011 the mind which heats an electrolysis solution, or whether it is first -- 't -- [ -- it is -- . It takes by real Martyr using heating element 60 which could come, and Kicking and Michiko 62 and 64 were made to cross, and was connected. By thermostat couple 6B, a city, heat Kl, and II ready machine 66 detect the temperature of a city or quality, and adjust heating element 60. The heat by 'in continuation operation r and 'feeling solution is enough to hold the heat in a reaction field uniformly. Since carbon dioxide is generated and this carbon dioxide is Insoluble in water at the upper part of compartment 22, in order that carbon grain child C may react to water as mentioned above, By [ suitable ] providing vent 70f, 72 is'1t of nonreturn valve [ which Hironaki in water trap 74 which put in water 76 ] - Carried out, carbon dioxide extracts, and they are 11nu To be. They are Concessiont and '''C To dissolve Zl about one dish of this water, and Ah Z halogen of the rir m- nature which escapes with 2 acid Ihy carbon through vent 70. it increases in the degree of halogen gun in water 76 -- it being alike, and following and carrying out 4Jl water of the fluid -- l -- "-- Must1Decemberr hlJ+1 of Tatto which separates inner halogen for Escape 1 from cow JJV l and Carbon dioxide in reaction compartment 22 by carrying out and exchanging to Water -- it can do '4. now, compartment 16 (since Year of water purity line 80 containing Completion Balkh *82 is included, in order to carry out continuous use suitably by electric generating by Ash combustion or a fuel pipe, and a pond, etc. -- the hydrogen gas f method from compartment 16 -- < -- it can do in things.) 4' to illustrate; In I+7, t7 Use 1 is taken for the fuel of fuel 111 pond 90, and, as for hydrogen, this fuel cell is supplied also to oxygen from 1 f of Dingfeng acid, and d+I92 again. In this case, it produces to the both ends of lead 94.96 of the 112nd place or fuel cell 90, and these (7) Specialty all are used in order to supply f1 suitable arbitrary loads illustrated as 9I load 100. An electrolysis vessel, i.e., device A, is used for electrolyzing halogen acid in the solution which constitutes electrolysis solution E. When the concentration of the halogen acid in an electrolysis solution maintains the general efficiency of tub A, it is important.

The voltage in the both ends of [1 and 1+ is lower than the decomposition voltage of water. For this reason, the water used with halogen acid is not electrically decomposed by the electrolysis process. cow ?i By this, the water in an electrolysis solution carries out the halogen acid solution with which the city of halogen acid and a feeling solution are presented. One of the features of the present invention is in the device for making the underwater halogen acid concentration which carries out raw JiV of the electrolysis solution solution increase. This needs hydrogenation of the halogen disassembled with electrode 12, and this halogen dissolves into electrolysis solution E. Therefore, it is decomposed into Electricity and mind decomposition A tag ', and it dissolves immediately and optical halogen serves as solution. Next, it is hydrogenated within compartment 22 and the halogen which Fusion order(ed) generates the supply halogen acid for electrolysis. t if salt water is used as tub A and halogen -- It is -- Hydrocolloid -- the inside of an electrolysis solution -- Beefzume -- carry out. The hypochlorous acid in an electrolysis solution is [ hydrochloric acid in an electrolytic solution ] fine A woman 1000 Le and To to J Ru y at high concentration. The fault M A pressure or Overcity which acts to Surrender as 1ijl charge at oxygen, and happens does not pose a problem at the decomposition process between Electricity tf110 and 12. Since the concentration of halogen acid is increased, it can do [ that Sen 5i Chi carries out hydrogenation of halogen, or ] by using a medicine in the reaction field of compartment 22. a desirable mode -- a medicine -- a ratio -- he is a fine 41y non-graphite-like carbon grain child. ! Forgiveness * A is carried out and carbon dioxide is used as mentioned above at this l, ij X, and the A scholarship process [ in an outer leg and that / To Z ] at which the carbonaceous energy can a Stop at the time of manufacture of the halogen acid in which the '1* mind process 1000' "11 feeling solution of the tub A is carried out. Hydrogenation of halogen, such as salt water A %'r Carried out in A cap jfI liquid E," .. size Can fix -- it can do [ that an offing ' large carries out the halogen decrease in production in an electrolysis solution to every process of an and also / by things, it is absorbed into halogen or water at Tatto which generates acid /, or ]. f4 (when halogen was absorbed in solution, acid concentration was about 3 or less Chi very low.) Therefore, it was not useful to have made halogen absorb underwater, in order to make halogen acid generate, although the acid solution which arises as a result is electrolyzed efficiently. It can dissolve continuously into solution of the acid which generated chlorine, bromine, and Tensui with these halogen, Dissolved halogen is hydrogenated under a carbon grain child's existence, and that the high-concentration makeup halogen acid exceeding about 3 Chi is generable promotes hydrogenation of the halogen which 0 graphite-like carbon dissolved in becoming clear into halogen acid solution, The supplied acid concentration followed on increasing and was found [ 18 degrees of Fast of hydrogenation, decreasing quickly, or ]. This is shown in music &11 of Drawing 2. therefore, cyclization -- in the case of hydrogen acid, the carbon grain child of a graph eye and Like particle promotes hydrogenation of acid comparatively quickly until it amounts to the @13 degree of about 5 tI(s). Thereby, graphite-like carbon can be used when the concentration of hydrochloric acid or other halogen acid is comparatively low. However, W Show carries out an electrolysis process efficient to Ha. a carbon grain child promotes hydrogenation of" Other which is non-graphite-like charcoal 1, and halogen dissolved into acid solution -- acid concentration -- at least 20%~30 Chi 10 -- increasing -- Accompany (it does not die by the degree of growth or A 1 of - hydrogenation.) This is shown in curve 2 of Drawing 2. From this reason, non-graphite-like carbon is used by desirable 1-1 and appearance of the present invention. By carrying out Use Jli of the non-graphite-like carbon grain child as an energy source over hydrogenation of halogen dissolved within But 11' Solution E, it goes out To 9 in the carbon in an Igr child, and generates carbon dioxide. Since it is used into carbon or a hydrogen generation process as Love, it is emitted at the process of carbon energy Wonder. This energy is carbon (used for manufacturing the hydrogen which has fuel nature and the energy generation characteristic excellent in whether it carries out.). For this reason, 11 on which the present invention spreads carbon dioxide with subM self-1-z1 preferably in non-graphite-like carbon or the present invention like the concept which changes carbon into hydrogen by Existence YIT * of water A customer and the sense which The-student-By are directed. Although Drawing 2 shows curves 3 and 4 again, these curves are related with 9 hydrogenation using Touch tlnu other than graphite-like carbon within compartment 22. The catalysts leading to both curves are the titanium which carried out ruthenium covering respectively, and the titanium which platinum -ed Dan(ed). The concentration of 'A = (1 tray-ized hydrogen acid or others in which both the catalysts that can Use only water supply 12 to reaction lfj castle 22 matched the graphite-like carbon of curve 1 as a catalyst in most so that it might cut), and Rogen-ized hydrogen is shown from w2 figure. If non-graphite-like carbon as shown in curve 2 is used, it will become a desirable energy source for carrying out a rumor reaction in reaction field 22. By using non-graphite-like carbon, Ji Addition makes A N Rogen's west time substantial by hydrochloric acid Concentration of about 20 Chi. the curve of A rabbit 2 figure -- as graphite-like carbon -- 1[] -- the material which was is the ATJ graphite by Union Carbide Corporation. Non-graphite-like carbon is Elcho. Spear Corporation (Airco 5peer Corp) 37 (12) It was grade corks carbon. It is Debris 1 (it uses in Example 1.) so that this non-graphite-like carbon may be mentioned below. carrying out ruthenium covering -- /(titanium (f the publicly known method of carrying out ? mind heating of the porous titanium which immersed in the Completion and Le-ized ruthenium solution -- business -- carried out.)) Platinum 71! Publicly known way the titanium which /A carried out carries out ? mind heating of the immersion 17 It was porous titanium at platinum chloride acid solution * intermediary preparation is carried out." With the solution in which concentration contains dissolution halogen under about 3%"upsilon in Drawing 2 .. What # river "of Rogen acid makes rapid in" Ya; and Addition, or 1'11 To. In the case of all the materials other than non-graphite-like carbon, when the concentration of] and Rogen acid exceeded about 5 Chi, I understand [ that a very slow increase is shown or ]. When non-graph eye I and Carbon are used, it continues to the aqueous amount of concentration (even time of A go low 1 novel shows the fixed rate of increase substantially, and this ratio exceeds abbreviation 20 phi up to about 20 Chi) \ Rogen acid of A Rogen acid. It is hydrogenated continuously and Follow-The and no Roggen which understood non-graphite-like carbon 'c4 at the time of Use T11 Si It was are Z. When three medicines of Sen are used, hydrogenation of halogen is performed until it reaches solution or about 5% of 710 Genn acid, and hydrogenation of halogen stops as a matter of fact at this time. However, 5% of concentration is a value higher than the hydrogenation rate obtained without using the above-mentioned medicine. All of four materials as state until now and show in Drawing 2 can be used so that the hydrogenation rate of the halogen absorbed in the acid solution used for the electrolysis solutions of electrolysis vessel A may be increased. Non-graphite-like charcoal X is a desirable hydrogenation agent. Although the reason which can hydrogenate continuously on chlorine or a level high to other halogen has not become clear when using 1' graphite-like carbon, It seems that this phenomenon is related to the characteristic with Overpotential of the non-graphite-like carbon in halogen acid solution, this is shown in Drawing 3, and the fault potential or excess voltage of the milli Porto unit is compared to non-graphite-like carbon and graphite-like carbon. If this graph refers to a smile and Off [ in / using the electrode of graphite-like carbon and non-graphite-like carbon / it obtains and / these S times ] for the concentration of hydrochloric acid, Comparatively low Overpotential and grade are Introductory(ed) at the hydrochloric acid concentration to both the carbon or about 20 A of the shape of non-graphite, and the shape of graphite, and it is '! ' This, Graphite-like carbon makes evil potential increase fairly about halogen to primary [ it turns out to be that it is a rate of hydrogen chloride in case hydrogen chloride begins to dissociate from water ], however, on the other hand, non-graphite-like carbon continues the almost same fault potential or n"1 Lebel to it. Therefore, non-graphite-like carbon continues Obligation(ing) at least comparatively low fault 11 pressure or Pan'. In the present invention, hydrogenation of halogen takes place on a carbon grain child's surface. if of the halogen acid in a particle side is comparatively higher than the concentration of the whole halogen acid solution, and this is based on # Dan carrying out on the generated acid or the reaction surface. continuing outside:A addition to halogen on the E dishes of non-graphite-like carbon carbon surface as that result -- on the other hand -- graphite-like Carbon -- higher fault potential or excess voltage is cured with this play JJt 17 bell, and hydrogenation is stopped by Candy bread of the charcoal W surface at the time of the halogen acid of about 18 Chi. This produces the halogen acid concentration within all the electrolysis solutions E of about 5 Chi, however is one side, By obtaining with the non-graphite-like carbon beam which can carry out MU Possession of low fault potential or the low Continuous voltage, mf of the halogen acid in the carbonaceous surface continues hydrogenation, even if Magazine increases sharply the solution or the concentration level of 18~20 Chi. The active examination indicated to the 8rI3 figure is usually larger voltage than the theoretical potential in which this excess voltage or fault potential generates a predetermined city * evaporation study reaction with regards to excess voltage or fault potential, or potential. In order to obtain the chart of Drawing 3 showing the relation between graphite-like carbon and non-graphite-like carbon about a factor with Overpotential, it is frost 4 pole about the excess voltage between two electrodes and the hydrochloric acid which has the various degrees of #, and it is To measure 9. The current density of 1 and 55■A10J (1'0'''A / square inch) was used. # following on increasing in a degree -- non-graphite-like carbon t&VC -- The fault to kick - ' is constant in most at about 7 mV at the time of 5% of hydrochloric acid concentration -- And 37 - hydrochloric acid concentration -- up to about 8-mm Holt -- generally -- uniform -- ten It was. In the case of the electrode of graphite-like carbon, it was the fault potential of about 5 mV of Up about The just at Fold of the acid concentration in solution, or 5~18 Chi. be, when you carry out about 45 Miri Pol NC fate of the electrode of the graphite-like carbon which the degree of acid # increases after that and which is boiled, and it follows and uses by examination by hydrochloric acid concentration 24 Chi -- Enormously -- the Quito * Show carries out 10 Climb of rapid evil potential and Over eta A pressure. It followed on continuing increasing in or comparatively, and graphite-like carbon showed the fault potential of about 45~46 mV, when [ of hydrochloric acid ] acid once was 24~37%. This relation is shown in Drawing 3. Therefore, it is since the degree of Acid application followed on increasing and the fault potential of non-graphite-like carbon electrodes hardly increased in this examination, The reaction in compartment 22 is also "by this invention! When non-graphite-like carbon is used as a child, even if -- the degree of Acid sand and the carbon grain child surface in a reaction field -- 1♀r -- being revealed the acid concentration which touched, or that" good person hardly carries out fault potential of the carbon grain child surface though increased theoretical VCF11F -- □ It was, In the case of non-graphite-like carbon, the experiment which used graphite-like carbon and non-graphite-like carbon into chlorination A water pot ' acid as shown in Drawing 3 shows [ that change is hardly seen or ] the pan potential to halogen, such as salt water. This shows that a non-graphite-like carbon grain child's fault potential maintains a steady value in most in reaction field 22 of tub A shown in Drawing 1. Therefore, an invention is good Up [7 and it uses non-graphite-like carbon with all the halogen, such as salt water, bromine, and an iodine, in a mode. 10 F-1iI2 Ming to the present invention is coal or other charcoal X (r - since new means to use is included) To, in order to manufacture the halogen acid electrochemically decomposed into hydrogen. Subproducts are carbon dioxide. It is born in a continuous process, wherein it dissolves into an electrolysis solution, then it is hydrogenated in the reaction field of tub A and the disassembled halogen is again hydrogenated by use of dissolution halogen in the electrolysis solution through which it circulates, or carbon. since it has electrolysis voltage much lower than water or hydrochloric acid, this iodination hydrogen acid is used for iodination hydrogen acid still more effectively than hydrochloric acid -- it is . fJ which shows Drawing 4 in at 1 figure -- better -- it is a design variation of In one embodiment -- and the above-mentioned -- the upper -- it is used for Calyx halogen acid 1 [1. In this special example, the iodine is used as halogen or salt water can also be used. Tub I3 is [ man / a hydrogen collection conversion ]! -110.l: Wrap in Jun vIIy east compartment 112. Hydrogen A buckwheat box pole 114 is in compartment 110, and it provides similarly in halogen or Tensui collection ↑11 Longing 116 all compartment 112. Lead pipe 11epsilon3 Sincerity compartments 110 and 112, and is as Child consecutive suitable barrier membrane 120 (r - [ It wraps. ]). the direct-current power supply which Show ■1 as power supply 122 -- 1() (Italian -- impressing a blood-flow 'ilf ratio to the both ends of 114 and 116 -- both 'fl Disaster' FW and [A -- i'lii' of the 1n style 1B pressure of 0.6~0.7 v of human bodies -- it is in -1 throat.) It chooses in order to decompose in iodination Fumigation vigor 111. mind within Knowledge 1 Le f Along E, and this voltage is k. It is to urine and a smell about the same device as Of course1j11u and this; It can be used also for halogen of A 11- of a bamboo. Man [ hydrogen 110130 Kicking, / a conversion ] (19) Even a Adequate storage device or a consumption device is hydrogen (r lead.) from 1.110. In this mode to illustrate, reaction tank 140 is installed aside from the electrolysis vessel, and electrolysis solution E circulates continuously by suitable entrance 142 which A] Carries out pump 144 via this reaction tank. This pump inhales dissolved halogen and electrolysis solution, and Escrow them to reaction tank 140. The heat which occurs according to an electrolysis process is enough to keep reaction temperature required in tank 140, therefore it heats J which does not need to supply heat and from which A pr B produces sufficient waste heat, and 4 by Synthesis and 1F Solution boiling point in tank E. exit 146&! passing suitable filter 150 -- from reaction tank 140 up to Dying"3 -- Electricity r liquid E -- 4 Ma -- < . Filter 150 of Momoko removes the unnecessary impurities in Electricity w1. rty in connection with being again returned to an electrolysis solution or tub B. The object for facilities is carried out to central sluice gate 152 carrying out adult age of the electrolysis solution from tank 140. since the method time of electrolysis solution Gold faith 1 in shuttlecock l1154 or tank 140 is circulated, a carbon grain child usually separates from Law mouth 152 (not led to 201 persons and filter 150.) If a figure is Looking(ed), as for a button, line 160 will be used at the time of the start of a process in order to introduce an iodine or HI into a tank. Therefore, a makeup iodine is not Tokyo needed in a continuation operation process. It is 'j from Ground water &]j iodination Water or iodination hydrogen acid to the merit which can introduce hydrochloric acid into reaction chamber 140 by line 162 and which Remark! Since it has qualitative Pc A A minute Mpi1 pressure, The fact 10■1 feeling solution of the 1lambdamu-ized hydrogen acid is not carried out, but it can carry out Use Jrl with water within K mf solution '/P1. E. Hydrochloric acid is Remarks-To about an advantage which is described below. hydrochloric acid -- Intelligence -- Heart force f "voltage is reduced between 114 and 116. since the air and mind energy will be saved if 11 A pressure is reduced -- the duty and a Ming total -- 4'A'III 1. fr and t mind efficiency of a device -- To crystallize -- it also becomes things. Line 164 is used for introducing water to reaction chamber 140. The use of water is as a piece light at 81[. If k4 figure is referred to, corks will be introduced through line 166 and will be processed with nitric acid of tank 170. Next, corks particles are washed within tank 172 and remains acid is removed by line 174. Therefore, request 11 of the corks % child who processed with nitric acid is promoted into reaction chamber 140 in; and volume-of-water addition of the iodine which dissolved within inhalation l, Electrolysis'try, and E from tub B via entrance 142 since it acted as a ty person. The vent Adequate for carbon dioxide gas is illustrated as line 180 which has nonreturn valve 182. Of course, a water trap can also be used as it tub A Got as shown in Drawing 1, and ' Dear Martyrdom was described above. Reaction chamber 140 connected with general operation and it of tub B is the same as that of operation of hinoki A shown in Drawing 1. In an iodine method, about the advantage for using the carbon grain child and chlorination Water-cooled acid which were washed with nitric acid, it explains later and treats in Example ■ again. Device 1 shown in A rabbit 4 figure! t generates volume of water by using water and a non-graphite-like carbon grain child. Of course, graphite-like carbon can also be used. the case of the former -- 'r1 of Tusuku 13 .. 8 [Example ■] by which carbon is consumed in A techical interest * at the time of manufacturing halogen acid required for about two feeling solutions As for abbreviation 50['1mt, Capacity t f has a reaction compartment To t[Walk chlorine compartment of tub A, and it filled water 3 n nn11- to this Humphat Manodo. It is following paragraph 1. It was about water to the height same in the hydrogen compartment of the Hub same size as this. The Shimousaku ' pole was graphite [ m / graphite / platinum +rk 1 ] which is obtained by immersing graphite into platinum chloride acid and carrying out air heating. This reduces Electricity and Excess potential with volume of water. It formed by brand name Nafion (Nafion) No. 120 by E. I. du Pont de Nemours of jnu To of middle 11M[iz between compartments which was set to Mr. ♪ 1 from chlorine Electrode gap, graphite-like carbon, or graphite, and was boiled in 30-hour nitric acid, o, and 25 m (10 mil). When volume-of-water ion passes through between chambers, electric continuity and the usual uniform f[acid concentration are obtained. The powdered corks of abbreviation 2[1r are inserted in into lambday reaction compartment, and water is heated to about 80degreeC (23). It carried out. Corks are corks carbon Toshiteko of 57 grades. Spear It was the standard non-graphite-like carbon marketed in a corporation (Alrco 5peer Corp). The size of particles is a grade which does not pass along a standard 14-mesh screen through particles or six meshes of Level screen. Next, it is made to precipitate underwater and an impeller maintains this powder at suspended state voice. Gaseous chlorine is introduced to the slurry of a reaction compartment after that, and raising the degree of HcLmk was continued between 20~25-fold l Chi. On the other hand, it is Union Carbide instead of J1 graphite-like corks. The same procedure was advanced using corporation ATJ graphite, the titanium which carried out ruthenium covering, and the titanium platinum # Imitated, and, in fc case, the concentration of Hct reached the peak by abbreviation 5-weight. In order to reach the Hc L concentration of 25 Chi, about 140-f Hc L is manufactured in solution by reacting to the chlorine of abbreviation 140v, or the corks of 202. It is Through 1 about about 1.0-A t style, a city, and 'lit liquid at that of fragment (24) To be between the field spread pressure of 1.2 v, or two electrodes. - Occurred was carried out. About 1.1-v direct current 1 (since 1 pressure was disassembly of acid, used one time.) It generated on the volume-of-water box and the pole, and volume of water was drawn from the unit. It uses for the Mill Chlorine with a sheath making it combine with water and carbon, and par cap Hcti building it with 1''JA Cumulative electrode 1"1 time, and is 9. Carbon dioxide was carried out by this process before the part, and tank 76 let it pass. In order to maintain to M concentration all abbreviation 20'KT Inclination * Chi and to generate QP Raku volume of water 22 at 1:00, they are 111.'+' III+ per water 202, corks carbon 6?, or consumption To fall apart. the high temperature to which the heat which arises by formal I"R (I : current intensity, R:resistance) at the both ends of etaj pole after starting a process exceeds 80 degreeC for an electrolysis solution -- Vzeta of To appreciate Z, -- it came out enough. It did not Connection heater 60 in a process. Therefore, carbon 62 Ha 265BLu (a from cow is carried out by the volume of water per 1:00 iJ1 of 2f equivalent to DF1' Theory of heating l.) It means that the electric energy consumed per hour had carried out hydrogen sound generating with the conversion heating weight per capacity ratio of 264Btu. [Example ■ of a real elder sister] It acted as a real elder sister of the same fundamental process as having adopted by example of real elder sister I by tub A, using iodination hydrogen acid as electrolysis solution acid. In this case, voltage was reduced to about 0.6~0.7 v of direct-current pressure, and used the corks of about 2 t of Chang as makeup non-graphite-like carbon for 1 hour. this example of Miss -- the input of electric energy or 32 W/h, i.e., 110 Btu/h, -- hydrogen of Heating capacity l and 264Btu -- it generated seven times 2 r'i. The factor of efficient hydrogenation If halogen, i.e., the salt purple, bromine, and the iodine which were used for example of real Winding 1.■ at the process of the statement are studied, ready Place which is not related to the basic theory of a process or operability, and has on the efficiency of a process can be pointed out a little. Even the concentration of abbreviation 3-~5 Chi weight operates efficiently in a system by hydrogenating to halogen. The hydrogenation rate of halogen is inversely proportional to the free energy of halogen acid, and this free energy is the minimum at the time of chloric acid, and the highest at the time of iodine acid. Therefore, hydrogenation or acid generation can be accomplished more quickly and easily by hydrochloric acid. however -- Ha r-t Genn's solubility in each acid is hermitage size at the time of the iodine of iodination hydrogen acid -- the time of the chlorine of hydrochloric acid -- low (it becomes.) If the above factor is Awareness(ed), some history of Remarks 11 strange can be Departure(ed) about the acid generation rate in corks water-halogen'4. Since it is processed with corks or nitric acid by letting corks pass to heat nitric acid, it increases in the hydrogenation rate of halogen in the corks method. in the case of an iodine, the factor which increases a hydrogenation rate is 3 times at 10 Ze -- the case of chlorine -- '# -- it is qualitatively less. It is thought that the reason for improving the hydrogenation rate of halogen will be for reducing the halogen absorption to the carbon which is not solved or was not heated on nitric acid, corks, and 1 Okay graphite-like carbon, i.e., about 2000-degreeCJ A. 3 which eventually makes a hydrogenation rate increase since it appears in the fault potential of reduction halogen in Fangs and the carbon surface which reduced absorption, and this process are Io (27). It is more effective to Success. If it summarizes, one of the improving points of the basic method of examples I and H of a real elder sister will be pretreating corks particles with nitric acid. Since the solubility of halogen in halogen acid is important in order to make hydrogenation of this invention into the maximum, Page break of solubility is useful. This is actually realizable by adding sodium chloride to iodine acid. This salt increased the solubility of the iodine in iodination hydrogen acid, or it decreased it to the chlorine in hydrochloric acid. Therefore, there is also 9 Match which adjusts a hydrogenation rate with salt, such as sodium chloride. J Si Response speed is affected also with the free energy of the acid in a carbon grain child's surface. As it becomes high in free energy as mentioned above, a hydrogenation rate becomes lower gradually. It became clear by adding the acid of a publicly known low free energy level to the acid of a daytime free energy level that this rate could be influenced. For example, in addition to the system on which it bases, □(28) It was case increases [ volume of water / a hydrogen bromide or / iodination ] the hydrochloric acid which has the minimum free energy of halogen under examination in a hydrogenation rate. Similarly, hydrobromic acid or Blowdown water bulk increases the hydrogenation rate of an iodination hydrogen system. Clearly, since this phenomenon changed the free energy on the surface of carbon, it happens. These supply acid is ~ to basic acid! Since Crystal pressure is needed rather than carrying out a river, This tl supply acid is not decomposed. if it summarizes, corks are processed with nitric acid, using a nine-person solubility Training agent, or adding the 2nd halogen acid to a system again etc. gets, and when nu Cause manages the efficiency of the base system indicated to example of east Martyr 1, and ■, it is useful. It decomposes on the halogen 1 pole so that water business addition can be carried out in a system (in order to be able to obtain It was halogen, it is required in halogen acid to fully dissolve halogen.). Low fault potential of the non-graphite-like carbon in s higher times. usual lower Filter #: obtained only by making halogen react to water is exceeded -- volume-of-water addition process Maintenance is carried out. If the efficiency factor determined by A fire to the usual process of example of real elder sister ! and ■ is adjusted and it is made to act mutually, the reaction which is improved and has the following electricity bacillus and a chemical feature will be obtained. These factors act at least on Overcity of solubility and carbon, and it can set them to Foveate acid concentration more. For example, hydrogen chloride manages the hydrogenation in 5~20 weight charge's Secret song, and it makes it easy. [Example ■ of Sword] Another father-in-law %li fll was carried out using the efficiency factor explained to the above obtained in the experiment. In these six examples, three hydrogenation rate adjustment factors were used for the same system as Example ■ which used iodination hydrogen into the electrolytic solution. the present invention -- good -- better -- hydrogen was obtained from the electrolysis solution which was seven and was generated by hydrogenation of the iodine which is a system. In this example, A good tank B shown in Drawing 4 was used. Non-graphite-like carbon, i.e., corks, was heated in order to be processed with nitric acid and then to remove superfluous nitric acid. For this reason, although the j9J large was carried out in the hydrogenation rate of the iodine, the nitric acid residue of ei on a carbon grain child did not present clear adverse action to all the systems. In this example of Dreadfulness, it is salt of Tatto which few Were you worried? and this titanium tetrachloride further increase a hydrogenation rate, and reduces inside-ized titanium of music to jDecember1-meal 1<J: of an acid mixture. This dissolution # of an iodine that carried out salt &'fN pole decomposition was increased. The t'1.-ized volume-of-water acid of Red wine was fairly used with the iodination hydrogen electrolysis solution. Since 1 Powdered water X acid was fall To 1■j' It was, the voltage of electrode both ends, or about 03-v direct-current pressure about the decomposition 111' pressure of HI electrolysis solution, if chlorination Water volume - was an ingredient prickle of the electrolysis solution, lL cut. When tf kicked using Hct not much, the voltage of the II I tub was f1 style voltage of abbreviation 0.6~07 Bolu]-. '111 pressure of this 0.'5 Pol - is II I eta]

although it appears in Understanding(ing) to Bacteria enough -- about -- 1.2~13 Pol l- all -- H (! -- it is insufficient for button feeling jlyl of t, and alike -- To.) made required in order to obtain the decomposition voltage of 0.3 v to H1 tub without a Hcl additive agent, the degree of n I r& is about 50% of the weight of HI underwater -- it thing all War. In four examples, for lI shore r Carrying out by HI % Solution f0.3 v, Hc L of 20-fold Regret and ti I of 11'ff1iS Chi were made into Necessarily. Therefore, it is direction of a current B and Addition 1 of an iodine by the example of This collection. () It Increase(ed), and the decomposition voltage of II I was reduced, and the required quantity of the quite expensive iodine was cut down compared with salt water. Titanium tetrachloride of Hc L of class of the 37-fathom corks carbon made from Elkosvia underwater washed after boiling this example of real Nli in the With *j acid boiled uniformly one for 8 hours, and 220Ti t %, HI of 3 1 pile Jil, and 1-fold [ 4 ]-FTi Chi, and the 5 remainder Water is included. The temperature of the hinoki was about 108degreeC, was carbon particle all settled and agitated the method electrolysis solution of Unexpected. Decomposition ''71(Pressure is 0.3~0.4 D C bolt, and generated hydrogen in 2-A A chest 1 style.)II for carrying out volume-of-water Occurrence! A hinoki is made airtight and he is a friend so that oxidization of Solution may be prevented. Of course, in the various processes illustrated when carrying out the present invention so that it may not deviate from the meaning of an invention, a design variation can be carried out to others. Since this electrolysis solution absorbs decomposed Halken, and absorbs it with 11 Solution by Shiakei price range and is made to Circulation halogen with regards to the concept which the meaning of this invention electrolyzes the electrolysis solution of halogen acid, and generates hydrogen, he is Ha 2 (2). As for water and water-1' It was, FJ Hydrogen addition of 0 Genn is carried out using carbon. not needing the decomposed water room itself for tlr hydrogenation -- two examples or i -- [ -- Snow -- it is extensively [ because of the Stagnation object of heating or Cause ] effective. Design variation In this mode that shows Hatcatcher of an embodiment with preferred Drawing 5, A bath contains housing 200 which was provided with the Nafion barrier membrane 202, and was attached to the electrode 204,206f surface. Ichihara or lead 21+3. Since it is operation pressure all impressed by the both ends of 212, barrier membrane produces a quick-tempered decomposition function. In order that halogen compartment 220 may provide gas-like Gift *mu mind in the electrode surface of barrier membrane, as for raw l ., halogen gas is carried out by '[I33 multiple root into Comber Mentono 20. Simultaneously, into compartment 222, part 1 first 1 is taken in hydrogen, and it is accumulated, and next, from this compartment, lead pipe 224 opening of the whole traffic Mj-comes out, and hydrogen carries out it. It is in a gas state from middle Nyotte compartment 220 expressed as the pump of isolation halogen, for example, Liao Ting, and bridge pipe 234, or Blois 262 to a reaction tank, i.e., reaction field 230. Steam from Guiding W234 is pressed fit into chamber 2404 demarcated with the child actor bed of water 242 and non-graphite-like charcoal X244. A plurality of burners 250 in line 252 heat water 242 to a boiling point, and generate vapor. This vapor reacts to carbon with steam from Guiding!234, chlorine is hydrogenated, and they are hydrochloric acid steam and l' (To.). This hydrochloric acid steam is carried by lead pipe 260 to the lower part of halogen compartment 220, and emits the chlorine for continuation circulation by electrolysis in the lower part of this halogen compartment. Capacitor 270 removes vapor. For generation of heat of an electrolysis process, a Circulation 3J ingredient steam-ized state is maintainable within compartment 220 and lead pipe 234. It installs in the maximum cooling field of the Ben 1-272'i circuit of the field of lead pipe 264 which has about 1/of diameters of 20 at eye nine carbon dioxide all remove from a closing loop. Capacitor 274 condenses the vapor which absorbs all Hc L. next, - Rogen -- all -- the carbon dioxide of content l-9 many parts * passes contents * slightly. In the case of necessity, dry carbon bed 276 or halogen is removed. since the catalyst or underwater make it halogen # degree all increase, it can do [ using this from a gas stream in the case except A and r Genn ?11~I person, or ]. [ which are used by the present invention ] Drawing 6 -- Ding -- the system which adopted this point is shown. Tank 280 is filled up with the water from lead pipe 282 with pulp. particle-like graphite-like carbon, the titanium ~ [-ed / ruthenium ] carried out, and the titanium which carried out the ridge-ed [ platinum ] -- or -- with, Waka ON of the mixture of 10 is carried out to a feeding life 284f copy underwater. The gas stream illustrated as chlorine is drawn into diffuser 290 in the lower part of tank 280 by lead pipe 286 with a valve. 710 Genn converts halogen into halogen Hydrated bulky acid of concentration high to Mischief along with Lathering rather than 97 beta obtained with water itself via the water in which a catalyst exists. Finally drainage pipe 292 carries out v1 water of the tank 280. (35) this device -- further -- many (it is removable from chlorine or a gas stream.) All the insoluble gas flows out of tank 280 through exit 294.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

Drawing 1 is a schematic illustration of the device for enforcing the method of the present invention, and Drawing 2 is a graph of the acid concentration which shows the characteristic of the material of several sort of use [7 It was in the reaction field of the present invention, Drawing 3 is a graph which shows the excess voltage characteristic which compared non-graphite-like carbon with graphite-like carbon, Drawing 4 is a schematic illustration showing the device further detailed for acting as a real elder sister of the method, Hlt hM [ the desirable mode of the present invention ], and in order to chlorine all remove To and Drawing 6 with the schematic illustration showing the system of eye N / A by which Drawing 5 uses the present invention with a gas form, it is a schematic illustration showing having used the feature of the present invention. Applicant for a patent Engine nazy Development associates, parrot volley Ted 6 ()