Grain moisture detection system of grain dryer

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD [Detailed description of the invention]

【0001】

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a grain moisture detection method for a grain dryer.

【0002】

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, while the grains are fed down from the grain storage chamber to the grain drying chamber and circulated, hot air is passed through the drying chamber to be dried, and some of the grains during the circulation drying are moist. The voltage value when passing between the detection rolls of the sensor is detected, this detected voltage value is replaced with the grain moisture to detect the grain moisture, and when this detected grain moisture reaches the finishing target moisture, the grain It was a grain moisture detection method in which the drying of the grain was completed.

【0003】

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The grains housed in the grain storage chamber of the grain dryer are exposed to the hot air by passing the hot air through the drying chamber while being circulated by flowing out from the storage chamber and flowing down the grain drying chamber. While being dried, some grains during the circulation drying are supplied to the moisture sensor and pass between the detection rolls of the moisture sensor, so that the voltage value between the detection rolls is detected a predetermined number of times and is an average value. Is calculated, the calculated average voltage value is replaced with the grain moisture, and the grain moisture is detected. When the detected grain moisture reaches the finish target moisture, the drying of the grains is stopped as the drying is completed. ..

【0004】

The purpose is to improve the accuracy of the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor by correcting the grain moisture to be replaced by the voltage value detected during the drying operation and the deviation value calculated from the detected voltage value.

【0005】

[Means for solving problems]

Therefore, in the present invention, hot air is blown to the drying chamber 2 to dry the grains while the grains are fed out from the upper grain storage chamber 1 to the lower grain drying chamber 2 and flowed down, and the grains being circulated and dried. Calculated from the voltage value detected by the moisture sensor 4 and this voltage value in a grain dryer provided with a moisture sensor 4 that detects the grain moisture by the voltage value when the grain passes between the detection rolls 3 and 3. The configuration of the grain moisture detection method is characterized in that the detected grain moisture is corrected and controlled by the grain moisture control means based on the deviation value to be detected.

【0006】

Further, the configuration of the grain moisture detection method is characterized in that the grain state of the grain is detected by the grain moisture control means according to the voltage value detected by the moisture sensor 4 and the detection time when the voltage value is detected. And.

【0007】

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The grains housed in the grain storage chamber 1 of the grain dryer are fed out from the storage chamber 1 into the grain drying chamber 2 and circulated while being circulated by hot air passing through the drying chamber 2. While being dried by being exposed to this hot air, some grains during this circulation drying are supplied to the moisture sensor 4, and pass between the detection rolls 3 and 3 of the moisture sensor 4, so that the detection roll 3 When the voltage value between 3 and 3 is detected a predetermined number of times and the average value is calculated, the calculated average voltage value is replaced with the grain moisture and the grain moisture is detected, and this detected grain moisture reaches the finish target moisture. , The drying of the grain is stopped as the drying is completed.

【0008】

The voltage value detected during this drying operation and the deviation value calculated from this detected voltage value correct the grain moisture value to be replaced by fuzzy control, and the corrected grain moisture value is the detected grain moisture value. It becomes a value. Further, the grain shape of the grain is detected by the voltage value detected during the drying operation and the detection time at the time of detecting the voltage value. For example, the density state of the grains in the drying chamber 2 is calculated from the detected grain shape, and the drying air volume and the like are controlled by the calculation result.

【0009】

[Effect of the invention]

According to the present invention, when the detected voltage value is replaced with the grain moisture value by the voltage value detected by the moisture sensor 4 during drying and the deviation value calculated from the detected voltage value, the grain moisture value is corrected. By doing so, an accurate grain moisture value can be obtained. Further, the grain shape of the grain is detected by the detected voltage value and the detection time at the time of this detection, and the grain density in the grain drying chamber 2 is calculated from the detected grain shape to control the drying air volume and the like. As a result, efficient grain drying has become possible.

【0010】

[Example]

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The example shows a state in which a circulation type grain dryer 5 for drying grains is equipped with a moisture sensor 4 for detecting grain moisture, a burner 6 for generating hot air, and the like. The dryer 5 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front-rear direction, and a transfer gutter 8 and a ceiling plate 9 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed are provided on the upper part of the machine wall 7, and grains are stored under the ceiling plate 9. It forms a grain storage chamber 1.

【0011】

On the lower side of the storage chamber 1, left and right grain drying chambers 2 and 2 are provided between the air vent chambers 10 and 10 on both the left and right sides and the air vent chamber 11 in the central portion. 2 At the bottom, the feeding valves 12 and 12 that feed out and flow down the grains are rotatably supported. The lower side of the drying chambers 2 and 2 is configured to communicate with a gutter 13 having a transfer spiral rotatably installed.

【0012】

On the front side of the machine wall 7, a burner case 15 containing a burner 6 is detachably attached to the outer surface of the machine wall 7 so as to correspond to the inlet side of the blower chamber 11, and the burner 6 and the moisture sensor are attached. An operating device 16 for starting and stopping the drying and discharging operations of the dryer 4 and the dryer 5 is detachably attached and provided. Further, an exhaust passage chamber 17 that can communicate with the left and right exhaust chambers 10 and 10 is formed on the back side of the machine wall 7, and an exhaust passage 19 is formed on the central rear side exhaust cylinder 18 of the exhaust passage chamber 17. In addition, the blower motor 20 for shifting is provided to drive the blower 19 for shifting and rotation.

【0013】

Reference numeral 21 denotes a valve motor, which is configured to rotationally drive the feeding valves 12 and 12 via a reduction mechanism. A fuel pump 22 having a fuel valve is provided on the outside of the lower plate of the burner case 15, and the fuel pump 22 sucks fuel in the fuel tank 23 and supplies the fuel to the burner 6 by opening and closing the fuel valve. Further, on the outside of the upper plate, a blower motor 25 for shifting to drive the blower 24 for shifting and rotating is provided, and the combustion air corresponding to the amount of fuel supplied is blown to the burner 6 by the blower 24.

【0014】

A supply port for supplying transferred grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided at the center of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 8 in the front-rear direction, and the grains are evenly diffused into the storage chamber 1 below the supply port. It is configured to be provided with a diffusing board 26 for reducing. The grain raising machine 27 is provided on the outside in front of the machine wall 7, and a belt with a bucket conveyor 28 is stretched inside. A supply gutter 30 is provided between the lower end portion of the grain collecting gutter 13 and the terminal portion of the gutter 13 to communicate with the gutter.

【0015】

Reference numeral 31 denotes a grain raising machine motor, which is configured to rotationally drive the belt with the bucket conveyor 28, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 8, the diffuser 26, and the transfer spiral in the gutter 13. The moisture sensor 4 for detecting grain moisture is provided at a substantially central portion in the vertical direction of the grain raising machine 27. In the moisture sensor 4, the moisture motor 32 is rotated by the transmission of the electrical measurement signal from the operating device 16, and each part of the moisture sensor 4 is rotationally driven, and the grains fall during transportation to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28. After receiving the grains, the grains are supplied to the carry-in detection rolls 3 and 3 one by one by the carry-in roll 32', and the grain is, for example, 32 grains one by one. It is crushed, the voltage value at the time of this pressure crushing is detected, this voltage value is replaced with the water content value of the crushed grain, the average value of the water content value of these 32 grains is calculated, and this average water content value is one time. The composition is such that the detected grain moisture value is obtained.

【0016】

The operating device 16 has a box shape, and the dryer 5 is mounted on the surface plate of the box body, and a start switch 33 for starting and operating each operation of drying and discharging, a stop switch 34 for stopping operation, and the dryer. Moisture setting shaving 35 that sets the finish target moisture of the grain to be dried in 5 according to the operating position, grain type setting shaving 36 and squeezing amount setting shaving 37 that sets the hot air temperature generated from the burner 6 according to the operating position And a digital display unit 38 that digitally displays various items.

【0017】

In addition, the detection values detected by the moisture sensor 4 and the hot air temperature sensor 39, the operations of the switches 33 and 34, and the operations of the setting selections 35, 36, 37 are input to the inside, and arithmetic logic operations, comparison operations, etc. The configuration is such that a control device 41 of a grain moisture control means consisting of a CPU 40 or the like is built in, and a fuzzy controller is provided in the CPU 40. , A predetermined numerical value, type, etc. are set according to the operation position.

【0018】

The grain moisture detection and grain drying control by the control device 41 are performed as follows. That is, the voltage value for each grain when a plurality of grains are crushed by pressure is detected between the detection rolls 3 and 3 of the moisture sensor 4 and input to the CPU 40, and the average voltage is input from this input. The value and the deviation value of this voltage value are calculated and replaced with the grain moisture, and the correction control of this grain moisture is performed by fuzzy control, and the average voltage value and the time at the time of detecting the voltage value. The grain shape detection control of the grain detected by is performed by fuzzy control, and the grain density in the drying chamber 2 is calculated by detecting the grain shape, and the suction and exhaust air is sucked and exhausted by the blower 19. It is configured to control the drying of grains by controlling the suction air volume and the like.

【0019】

As the membership function of fuzzy control, for example, the detected voltage value as shown in FIG. 2, the calculated deviation value of the detected voltage as shown in FIG. 3, the water content correction amount of the grain as shown in FIG. 4, and the detection time as shown in FIG. Interval, as shown in FIG. 9, the number of detections below the finish target moisture when stopped, as shown in FIG. 11, the number of detected grains, as shown in FIG. 13, the time required for one moisture detection as shown in FIG. The grain shape of the grain is divided into a plurality of grades, set in the CPU 40, and stored.

【0020】

As a control rule map, the voltage value and the voltage deviation value are divided into a plurality of stages as shown in FIG. 5, and the voltage value in one detection and the detection time in one detection are divided into a plurality of stages as shown in FIG. It is configured to be set and stored in the CPU 40. As described above, the detection control of the grain moisture correction amount is performed as follows by the membership function of the setting memory, the control rule map, etc. For example, 32 grains detected by the moisture sensor 4. Assuming that the average voltage value when detecting moisture is 3 (V) and the deviation value of the detected voltage of these 32 grains is 0.2, as shown in Fig. 6, from the voltage value 3 (V) and the deviation value 0.2 , The moisture correction amount (perspective line portion) for each grade in FIG. 5 is detected, the moisture correction amount (perspective line portion) for each grade is combined, and this synthetic moisture correction (perspective line portion) is detected. , The position of the center of gravity (YA) of both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of this synthetic moisture correction amount (perspective line part) is detected, and 0 (Z)₀If the position of the center of gravity (YA) in the Y-axis direction from the () position is on the (a) direction side, the moisture is corrected to the + side, and if it is on the (b) direction side, the moisture is corrected to the-side. This 0 (Z) obtained from the inference result₀) To the center of gravity position (YA) to detect the amount of correction to correct the water content, and assuming that the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 4 is 18%, the center of gravity position (YA) Is + 0.1%, and this detected grain moisture is corrected by + 0.1% and detected as 18.1%, and the display unit 38 is configured to display that the grain moisture is 18.1%. When the grain moisture displayed on the screen becomes the same as the finish target moisture set by operating the moisture setting filter 35, it is assumed that the drying of the grain is completed. Note that FIG. 6 shows a configuration in which the lower side is adopted by the MAX-MIN method to correct the grain moisture, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing only a part of each grade of FIG. If it is detected that both the detected voltage value and the calculated voltage deviation value are not within the range of each grade, it is treated as no data.

【0021】

The time interval detection control for detecting the grain moisture is performed as follows. For example, the average voltage value when detecting the grain moisture of 32 grains detected by the moisture sensor 4 is 3 (V). Assuming that the deviation value of the detected voltage of these 32 grains is 0.2, as shown in Fig. 8, from the voltage value 3 (V) and the deviation value 0.2, the detection time interval (oblique) for each grade in Fig. 5 The line-of-sight part) is detected, the detection time interval (inference line part) for each grade is combined, this combined detection time interval (inference line part) is detected, and the X of this combined detection time interval (inference line part). It is a configuration in which the position of the center of gravity (YA) in both the axial direction and the Y-axis direction is detected, and is 0 (Z) obtained from the fuzzy inference result.₀) To the center of gravity position (YA), the detection time interval is set, and if the detection time interval of the moisture sensor 4 is currently set to 10 minutes, 10 minutes of this detection time interval. The configuration is such that the position of the center of gravity (YA) where is detected is changed and controlled at 12-minute intervals. Note that FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which the lower side is adopted by the MAX-MIN method and the detection time interval is changed, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing only a part of each grade in FIG. , When it is detected that both the detected voltage value and the calculated voltage deviation value are not within the range of each grade, it is treated as no data.

【0022】

The detection control of the number of detections of the finish target moisture or less when the dryer 5 is stopped is performed as follows. For example, the average of 32 grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 4 is detected. Assuming that the voltage value is 3 (V) and the deviation value of the detected voltage of these 32 grains is 0.2, as shown in Fig. 10, the voltage value 3 (V) and the deviation value 0.2 are different for each grade in Fig. 5. The number of detections below the finish target moisture (perspective line) is detected, the number of detections below the finish target moisture for each grade (perspective line) is combined, and the number of detections below this synthetic finish target moisture (perspective line) is combined. Part) is detected, and the position of the center of gravity (YA) of both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the combined detection number (perspective line part) is detected, and is 0 (Z) obtained from the fuzzy inference result.₀) To the position of the center of gravity (YA), the number of detections below the finish target moisture is set, and when the average grain moisture currently detected by the moisture sensor 4 is detected three times below the finish target moisture, the grain When the drying of the grains is completed, the number of detections is changed to 2.75 times of the detected center of gravity position (YA). Note that Fig. 10 shows a configuration in which the lower side is adopted by the MAX-MIN method to change the number of detections below the finish target moisture, and Fig. 10 shows only a part of each grade in Fig. 5. It is the figure described, and when it is detected that both the detected voltage value and the calculated voltage deviation value are not within the range of each grade, it is processed as no data.

【0023】

The detection control of the number of detected grains for detecting the average grain moisture at one time is performed as follows. For example, the average when the 32 grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 4 is detected. Assuming that the voltage value is 3 (V) and the deviation value of the detected voltage of these 32 grains is 0.2, as shown in Fig. 12, the voltage value 3 (V) and the deviation value 0.2 are different for each grade in Fig. 5. The number of grains detected once (perspective line part) is detected, the number of grains for each grade (perspective line part) is synthesized, and the number of synthetic grains (perspective line part) is detected. , The position of the center of gravity (YA) of the number of synthetic grains (perspective line) in both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is detected, and is 0 (Z) obtained from the fuzzy inference result.₀) To the position of the center of gravity (YA), the number of detected grains is set, and if the number of detected grains of the moisture sensor 4 is currently 32, this detected grain The configuration is such that 32 grains are changed and controlled to 30 grains at the center of gravity position (YA) where 32 grains are detected. Note that FIG. 12 shows a configuration in which the lower side is adopted by the MAX-MIN method to change the number of detected grains, and FIG. 12 shows only a part of each grade in FIG. It is a figure, and when it is detected that both the detected voltage value and the calculated voltage deviation value are not within the range of each grade, it is processed as no data.

【0024】

Further, the detection control of the grain shape of the grains during drying is performed as follows. For example, the average voltage value when detecting the grain moisture of 32 grains detected by the moisture sensor 4 is 3 (V). ), And if the time required for one moisture detection at the time of detecting 32 grains was 2.4 seconds, as shown in Fig. 16, from the voltage value 3 (V) and the time 2.4 seconds, each of Fig. 15 The grain shape (perspective line part) of the grain for each grade is detected, the grain shape (perspective line part) for each grade is synthesized, this synthetic grain shape (perspective line part) is detected, and this synthetic grain is detected. The position of the center of gravity (YA) of both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the shape (perspective line part) is detected, and 0 (Z)₀If the position of the center of gravity (YA) in the Y-axis direction from the () position is on the (a) direction side, it is larger than the standard grain shape, and if it is on the (b) direction side, it is smaller than the standard grain shape. This 0 (Z) obtained from fuzzy inference results₀) To the position of the center of gravity (YA), it is detected whether the grain shape of the grain is larger or smaller than the standard grain shape, and the grain of the grain detected by the moisture sensor 4 The shape has a center of gravity position (YA) of +0.5, and is detected as a grain shape intermediate between a standard grain shape and a large grain shape. Note that FIG. 16 is a configuration in which the lower side is adopted by the MAX-MIN method to detect the grain shape of the grain, and FIG. 16 is a diagram showing only a part of each grade in FIG. Therefore, when it is detected that both the detection voltage value and the detection time are not within the range of each grade, it is processed as no data.

【0025】

By the detection of the grain shape, the grain density of the drying chamber 2 is estimated based on the standard grain density in the case of the standard grain shape based on the detected grain shape, and the estimated grain density is used to determine the grain density. The rotation speed of the blower motor 20 that rotationally drives the blower 19 is controlled to increase or decrease, and the amount of suction air sucked and exhausted by the blower 19 is controlled to increase or decrease.

【0026】

In addition, the control device 41 has the following functions. The hot air temperature set by operating the set fuel pumps 36 and 37 is compared with the hot air temperature generated from the burner 6 detected by the hot air temperature sensor 39, and if they are different, the temperature is the same as the set hot air temperature. The number of times the fuel valve is opened and closed is controlled so that the amount of fuel sucked from the fuel tank 23 by the fuel pump 22 is controlled.

【0027】

Hereinafter, the operation of the above-described embodiment will be described. By operating the setting squeezers 35, 36, 37 of the operating device 16 to the predetermined positions and operating the start switch 33 to start the grain drying work, each part of the grain dryer 5, the burner 6 and the moisture sensor 4 Etc. are started, and hot air is generated from the burner 6, and this hot air passes through the grain drying chambers 2 and 2 from the blower chamber 11 and passes through the exhaust chambers 10 and 10 and the exhaust passage chamber 17 to the blower 19. By being sucked and exhausted, the grains contained in the grain storage chamber 1 are exposed to the hot air while flowing down from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chambers 2 and 2, and are dried, and the feeding valve 12 , 12 is fed to the lower part and flows down, and is transferred from the grain collecting trough 13 to the grain raising machine 27 through the supply trough 30 by the lower transfer spiral, and is transported to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28 and thrown out cylinder 29. It is supplied into the transfer trough 8 through the above, and is transferred and supplied from the transfer trough 8 onto the diffuser 26 by the upper transfer spiral, and is evenly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber 1 by the diffuser 26 to be circulated and dried. When the moisture sensor 4 detects the same grain moisture as the finish target moisture set by operating the moisture setting filter 35, it is detected that the drying of the grains is completed, and the control device 41 automatically controls the drying. Machine 5 is automatically stopped and the drying of grains is stopped.

【0028】

During this drying operation, the moisture sensor 4 receives the grains that fall during transportation to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 28, and the grains are supplied one by one to the carry-in detection rolls 3 and 3 by the carry-in roll 32'. Then, a predetermined number of grains are crushed by pressure between the detection rolls 3 and 3, and the voltage value at the time of this pressure crushing is detected, and this voltage value becomes the water content of the crushed grains. It is replaced, the average value of the water value of the predetermined number of grains is calculated, and this average water value becomes the detected grain water value at one time, and the detected voltage value and the deviation value calculated from this voltage value are used. By fuzzy control, the detected grain moisture is corrected and controlled by a predetermined amount, the time interval of grain moisture detection is changed and controlled, the number of detections below the target moisture at the time of stop is changed and controlled, and the detection is performed at one time. The water content of the grains is detected by changing and controlling the number of grains to be used. Further, the grain shape of the grain is detected by fuzzy control based on the detected voltage value and the time at the time of this detection, and the grain density in the drying chamber 2 is estimated from the detected grain shape. The grains are dried while the amount of suction air sucked and exhausted by the blower 19 is controlled to increase or decrease.

[Simple explanation of drawings]

The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 1]

Block Diagram.

[Figure 2]

Relationship diagram between voltage value and grade.

[Fig. 3]

Relationship diagram between voltage deviation value and grade.

[Fig. 4]

The relationship diagram between the correction amount of grain moisture and the grade.

[Fig. 5]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value and the voltage deviation value.

[Fig. 6]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value and the voltage deviation value and the moisture correction amount.

[Fig. 7]

Relationship diagram between detection time interval and grade.

[Fig. 8]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value and the voltage deviation value and the time interval.

[Fig. 9]

The relationship diagram between the number of detections below the finish target moisture and the grade.

[Fig. 10]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value and the voltage deviation value and the number of detections below the finishing target moisture.

[Fig. 11]

Relationship diagram between the number of grains and the grade.

[Fig. 12]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value and the deviation value of the voltage and the number of grains.

[Fig. 13]

Diagram of the relationship between the time required for one moisture detection and the grade.

[Fig. 14]

Diagram of the relationship between grain shape and grade.

[Fig. 15]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value in one detection and the detection time in one detection.

[Fig. 16]

The relationship diagram between the voltage value and the time required for one moisture detection and the grain shape of the grain.

[Fig. 17]

Overall side view of the grain dryer where a part of the grain dryer can be broken.

[Fig. 18]

FIG. 17 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA.

[Fig. 19]

Enlarged front view of a part of the grain dryer that can be partially broken.

[Fig. 20]

Enlarged rear view of the moisture sensor.

[Fig. 21]

Enlarged side sectional view of the moisture sensor.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Grain storage room 2 Grain drying room 3 detection roll 4 Moisture sensor