Vascular graft and blood supply method.

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

Technical field The present invention relates to the piece of a transplant used into the body so that it may supply a To replace intermediary and arterial blood to the internal organs and the organization of the whole body at a natural blood vessel. This piece of a transplant is a piece of a vascular transplant used in order to supply blood to an organization much more in detail. Background art Man's blood vessel may stop being able to function as a proper transportation route of blood by the congenital defect, a disease, or damage. As the natural substitution thing of a pulse pipe which this disease and externally caused injury produced, or a substitution thing of the function, a self-original target blood vessel is moved from the part from the first in a human body, and is changed, and transplanting to a new part is performed. It is transplantable in a human body in order to also replace composition or the piece of an un-self-original target organization origin vascular transplant with the natural vascular system which a disease or externally caused injury produced. There is an un-self-field [ Then ], and problems, such as strangulation of infection, an aneurysm, thrombosis, a hyperplastice tissue reaction, and a Anastomosis part, also produce Then in all the publicly known pieces of a vascular transplant. [ it ] [ self-] The prolonged patency of this piece of a vascular transplant is related to a transplant surgeon's degree of skill, a patient's health condition, the quality of the piece of a vascular transplant, and many other factors. The influence which each factor to the piece of a transplant functioning successfully for a long period of time has also about which specific factor is not known quantitatively. However, generally it is considered to be the main factors which reduce patency that the flow velocity and flow of blood are low. On the contrary, it can be said that that a flow and the flow velocity are high is main factors which increase the life of patency. The self-original target saphenous vein is successfully used as a blood transportation route about the re-angiogensis of coronary arteries. Although research of the suitable piece of a prosthetic dentistry transplant for a main artery-coronary artery bypass is continued, what can be used more nearly satisfactorily than a self-original target saphenous vein does not have Find or Tattoi. The surgeon is negative about using the piece of a synthetic transplant for a main artery-coronary artery bypass. Because, it is because there are few examples prolonged patency was proved to be about the piece of a synthetic transplant. Although the saphenous vein is used for bypass processing of main artery-coronary arteries, there are some following faults. : the inconvenient nature at the time of carrying out (1) use, (2) small-scale method, and (3) -- an uneven inside diameter, (4) Whether it is needed in order to carry out blockade by the varix, the (5) major diameters, (6) sclerosis, and (7) intimal hyperplasia, (8) aneurysm formation, and (9) extraction, time to become, (10) lower-thigh displeasure, swelling, and lower thigh infection that may (11) Arise. There is no Listen in which the patient of a remarkable rate has a suitable vein among the patients who need a main artery-coronary artery bypass, or a suitable vein is already used for a main artery-coronary artery bypass or circumference blood vessel bypass disposal, and it is striped intermediary To have. It may not be prepared so that it may not be expected depending on the case before the necessity for the piece of a transplant performing an operation, and a lower thigh and a vein can be extracted. When a saphenous vein cannot be used, the cephalic vein from an arm has been used. However, generally its wall thickness is thin, and when it is many, the inside diameter is too small [ this cephalic vein ]. Since it influences on cosmetics, it is hard winning popularity for a patient to extract a cephalic vein. Since it has outstanding Patency ratio, an internal thoracic artery can be widely received as a thing suitable for the re-angiogensis of a cardiac muscle, but this is useful only to the forward left lower line coronary arteries and intersection coronary arteries. Since the piece of an isolation transplant of an inner breast and a radial artery is lacking in prolonged patency, it is a disappointment, and it is Oh. Importance has been attached to the flow velocity of the blood in the piece of a transplant of a self-original target vein in the field about the piece of a transplant. It was observed that an inverse proportion relation between the flow velocity of the blood in the piece of a transplant which consists of veins, and the quantity of multiplication of pulse pipe lining membrane is. The view of dissection says that the piece of a saphenous-vein transplant of main artery-coronary arteries is blockaded if one month or more most generally passes since an operation when fibrous lining membrane increases. Although the cause of this obstacle is not solved clearly, in various researches, it is suggested that it will be related to the lowness of the flow velocity of the blood which probably passes along the piece of a transplant. This suggests that an effort to make high the flow velocity in the piece of a main artery-coronary artery bypass transplant should be made. The piece of a synthetic-vascular-graft transplant is indicated by Liebig at U.S. Pat. No. 3096560, No. 3805301, and the No. 3945052 specification. These pieces of a transplant are the long and slender group tubes edited by Nitto made from weaving yarn like polyester fiber. It is indicating that Dardik uses a umbilical cord about the piece of a vascular transplant in a U.S. Pat. No. 3894530 specification. Holman is indicating the method of preparing the umbilical cord of the human being for using it as a blood vessel substitution thing in a U.S. Pat. No. 4240794 specification, and other animals. The Braid tube and the umbilical cord have been used as what is replaced with the piece of a saphenous-vein transplant. The end of these tubes and a belt is Anastomosis(ed) at the end of an artery so that it may bypass the disease range of an artery. These will be transposed to the disease portion of an artery. The indication of an invention The purpose of the surgical procedure about blood vessel reconstruction is for the completeness of a blood vessel to be spoiled by arteriosclerosis, externally caused injury and a congenital defect like other diseases, or the acquired obstacle, and to supply blood to striped intermediary To have internal organs and an organization effectively. The present invention relates to the method of using the piece of a transplant for supplying blood to the internal organs (it is arbitrary) and the organization in the body, and it. The piece of a transplant is used for supplying blood to the coronary-arteries branch beyond one or it in the heart of the primates as one mode of the piece of a transplant of the present invention. The heart is connected to the main artery which has two atriums which receive blood from a large vein and the pulmonary vein, and conveys blood with pressure from the heart. The piece of a transplant includes the tubular means which has a passage of the continuous longitudinal direction which conveys blood to an atrium or a low-pressure blood vessel from a main artery and which was constituted long and slender. This tubular means has an entrance end in which Anastomosis is possible to a main artery. When the entrance end is Anastomosis(ed) by main artery, it will be breathed out into an atrium or other blood vessels which blood flows into a passage from a main artery by the operation of pressure, and have average pressure lower than a main artery through an exit end. The exit end of the tubular means is Anastomosis(ed) by heart tissue in the surroundings of an atrium and the opening part open for free passage. A tubular means has one or the opening beyond it used for giving blood to the coronary arteries or the coronary-arteries branch beyond one or it. Coronary arteries or a coronary-arteries branch is sutured by the tubular means via the opening within this tubular means, and, thereby, the blood which flows through the above-mentioned passage comes to flow into a coronary-arteries branch. The flow, the flow velocity, and pressure of blood in a passage are controlled by the passage being extracted by the diaphragm means left and arranged from the entrance end of a tubular means. [ near the exit end of a tubular means ], the above-mentioned passage is extracted as having a diameter smaller than one half of the diameters. What is called an iris diaphragm passage is formed. The flow, the flow velocity, and pressure of blood in the passage of a tubular means can be controlled now by this iris diaphragm passage. The diameter of this iris diaphragm passage is smaller than the passage near the exit end of a tubular means. A tubular means surrounds the problem and intermediary To have field of the heart which are about U characters-like, and start with a main artery, and the right atrium, the left atrium, or the pulmonary artery finishes. Blood will be continuously supplied to the artery which blood flowed continuously at the quantity and speed which control thrombosis, and was connected to the tubular means by the pressure difference between a main artery and an atrium by desired pressure. According to another mode of the present invention, the piece of a transplant for supplying blood to the organ which receives one or the blood beyond it like a blood vessel is provided. This piece of a transplant includes the first tubular means that has a continuous passage for pressure to convey blood to the organ which receives one or the blood beyond it from the organ (things are made) which supplies blood. The first passage of a conveying [ this tubular means ]-blood sake (this points out the passage which is not extracted.) Here, suppose that the first passage is called in the meaning distinguished from the extracted passage which is explained below. It has the chief editor to make. It has one or an opening beyond it, and is connected to at least one blood vessel which needs supply of blood through these openings, and this chief editor supplies blood to the at least one blood vessel. This chief editor has an entrance end, and this entrance end is in the state where pressure acts, and it is constituted so that it may be connected to the organ which supplies blood. Blood will flow into the first passage by this, and it will flow into a blood vessel from the first passage further again. The flow and pressure of the blood in the first passage are controlled by the second tubular means that has the second extracted passage that was connected to the distance side of the chief editor which is separated from an entrance end. each passage which it has opens the first and the second tubular means for free passage -- it carries out -- it is connected and one and a Noodle tubular means are constituted. An exit end connects the second tubular means that has the second extracted passage to the organ which receives blood. leading the first and the second passage according to the pressure difference between the organ which supplies blood, and the organ which receives blood -- continuous And of desired pressure and speed -- blood will be continuously supplied to the blood vessel which the flow of suitable blood was maintained and was attached to the chief editor. In one example of the present invention, a tubular means is a polytetrafluoroethylene tube, a Dacron tube, or a long and slender synthetic tube like the tube of other biocompatible synthetic materials. The tube is continuous and it has the section which the diameter has reduced near the distal end, i.e., an exit end. the section which the diameter has reduced controls the flow of the blood in the passage of a tubular means -- And -- the iris diaphragm passage extracted in order to maintain the pressure is made. this iris diaphragm passage -- the exit end of a tubular means -- a connoisseur -- the flow and speed of blood which carry out intermediary movement will be controlled. In another example of the present invention, man's umbilical cord or the organization (tissue) tube of other arbitrary origins is used as a tubular means. A umbilical cord can be made into the shape which can enclose a straight line, or the problem and intermediary To have field of the heart. The section near the exit end of a umbilical cord, i.e., the section near the distal end, has the diameter reduced so that the passage which controls the flow of the blood which passes along a umbilical cord might be made. The selected artery is Anastomosis(ed) by the chief editor of a umbilical cord, and the selected artery is provided with an opening and it enables the blood from Cavity of a umbilical cord to flow in into an artery by this. The self-original target saphenous vein which has a sufficiently large inside diameter although the flow of the blood in another example in which a tubular means is still more suitable of the present invention is guaranteed is included. This vein will enclose the heart from a main artery, and will extend to an atrium. The intermediary cage [ as ] which the passage of a vein is suitably extracted in the section near the distal end of a vein, i.e., the section near the exit end, and can reduce the cross sectional area, intermediary To have [ as ] which can throttle the flow of blood so that regulation is possible. The passage extracted like the above controls the flow of the blood in an intravenous passage, maintaining the continuous flow of the blood of desired pressure. The selected portion in a vein is Anastomosis(ed) by coronary arteries so that it may give the continuous flow of blood to coronary arteries. The piece of a transplant for [ of the present invention ] supplying blood to one or the blood vessel beyond it further according to another example is provided. The piece of a transplant conveys blood to one or the blood vessel beyond it from the source of blood supply by the operation of pressure, and it includes the first long and slender tubular means that has a continuous passage (the first passage) for conveying to the organ which receives blood. The flow, the flow velocity, and pressure of blood in a continuous passage are controlled by the second tubular means connected to the portion by the side of the distance of the first tubular means that is separated from an entrance end. It is connected and the first tubular means and second tubular means constitute one and a Noodle tubular means. This second tubular means makes the extracted iris diaphragm passage (the second passage), and also reinforcement is given. By giving reinforcement to the second tubular means that has this extracted passage, the cross section and vertical size of an iris diaphragm passage which were extracted will be maintained during the longer period. A means to reinforce has an annular reinforcement sleeve which surrounds the chief editor so that it may maintain the shape and the size of an iris diaphragm passage. Other means can also be used for reinforcing a tubular means in order to guarantee the shape and the size of this iris diaphragm passage. Then of a means to reinforce is good on thread or the tape which surrounds the wall of a tubular means or tubular means which surrounds an iris diaphragm passage, and which was constituted thickly. An exit end portion connects the reinforced tubular means which has an iris diaphragm passage to the organ which receives blood. An exit end portion has a larger exit passage than an iris diaphragm passage so that the speed and pressure of the blood which flows into an atrium or a low-pressure blood vessel may be reduced. leading a passage according to the pressure difference between the organ which supplies blood, and the organ which receives blood -- continuous And in desired pressure -- the flow of suitable blood will be maintained, and it will continue at a long period of time, and the function to the blood vessel attached to the tubular means constituted long and slender which supplies blood continuously will be achieved. Then of the tubular means constituted long and slender is good by the self-original target blood vessel or the polytetrafluoroethylene tube, the Dacron tube, or a synthetic tube like the tube of other biocompatible materials. the section which the tube is continuous and the cross sectional area has reduced near the distal end, i.e., an exit end, -- in other words, it is constituted so that it may have the iris diaphragm section (throat-like section). A long and slender annular sleeve comprises a substance which may function as a charge of a reinforcing member, and the iris diaphragm section is surrounded in order to maintain the cross sectional area of the extracted passage passing through the iris diaphragm section. Then of the charge of a reinforcing member will be good at a textiles plastic, a textiles mesh, carbon and a tubular member, or a metal tube-like member, and these will be attached to the outside of the iris diaphragm section. Two or more Twisted yarn or wire members of non-reversibility of metal, a plastic, or carbon by which interconnection was carried out substantially are contained in textiles. Then of the charge of a reinforcing member is good on thread or the tape which could be incorporated into the substance of the iris diaphragm section and was wound around the surroundings of the iris diaphragm section. The sleeve of a rigid material like the molded plastic, metal, or carbon may be arranged around the iris diaphragm section. The wall thickness of the iris diaphragm section may comprise an object of the reinforcement thickly. anyway -- the section which the cross sectional area has reduced controls the flow of the blood in the first [ of a tubular means ] passage -- And -- it is important to make the passage extracted in order to maintain the pressure. Man's umbilical cord or a self-original target blood vessel is used as a tubular means for another example to convey [ of the present invention ] blood to a blood vessel further. The part which has reduced the size near the exit end of a umbilical cord, i.e., a distal end, therefore this size has reduced constitutes the iris diaphragm passage extracted in order to control the flow, the flow velocity, and pressure of the blood which passes along a umbilical cord. The size of an iris diaphragm passage is maintained by attaching the annular sleeve which changes from the charge of a reinforcing member to a umbilical cord. The charge of a reinforcing member is the textiles plastic which surrounds the distance section of a umbilical cord, a tape, carbon and a tubular member, or a metal tube-like member. Intermediary To have [ as ] through which the selected artery is Anastomosis(ed) to the chief editor via the opening provided in the chief editor of the umbilical cord, and the blood from Cavity of a umbilical cord flows into an artery. The present invention can be used for supplying the flow of blood to the pulse pipe which receives one or the blood beyond it like the coronary arteries of the primates by desired pressure continuously. The piece of a transplant has the passage extracted in order to extract the flow of blood to the field which becomes the distance side, and the portion which becomes the proximity side is Anastomosis(ed) by the main artery etc. The piece of a transplant is arranged near [ where the heart was adjoined, and it was placed, therefore some portions of the piece of a transplant were chosen ] the coronary branch artery. The selected portion of some of pieces of a transplant is Anastomosis(ed) by coronary arteries. The distal end of the piece of a transplant is Anastomosis(ed) by an atrium or the organ of the low blood pressure of a blood circulating system. Since a substantial blood-pressure difference exists between a main artery and an atrium, blood flows into the piece of a transplant from a main artery continuously by the operation of pressure. The part which throttles the flow of the above-mentioned blood in a passage controls the pressure and speed of blood which prevent that the flow of blood becomes superfluous, and maintain substantially the blood pressure in the passage of the piece of a transplant identically with main artery blood pressure, and flow out of the piece of a transplant into a low-pressure blood vessel or an atrium. The Irrigation style of the coronary arteries will be carried out in sufficient quantity of blood in this way. Reference of best Drawings 1, 2, and 3 of a form for inventing shows the figure of the front man's heart in general with reference mark 10. Heart 10 has right atrium 11, right ventricle 12, left atrium 13, and left ventricle 14. The blood from the body flows into right atrium 11 through main artery 16. The pressure of the blood in right atrium 11 becomes low as blood flows into right atrium 11. Cardiac valve film 17 controls the flow of the blood from right atrium 11 to into right ventricle 12. Blood is fed into pulmonary artery 19 connected to the lung through valve 18 from right ventricle 12. Blood returns from a lung to left atrium 13 through pulmonary vein 20. Blood flows into left ventricle 14 through cardiac valve film 21 from left atrium 13, and is fed into main artery 23 through valve 22 from left ventricle 14. The pressure differences between main artery 23 and right atrium 11 are about 90 mmHg(s). The muscular system of the heart has received supply of two coronary arteries 24 and 26 or blood. left coronary artery 24 -- the left-hand side of main artery 23 to the heart -- Along the cusp 27 -- Toward -- it has extended once. Coronary arteries 24 have many branches 28, 29, 30, and 31, and these supply blood to the muscular system. Left coronary artery 24 has a short common trunk divided the shape of bifurcated, or in the shape of 3 A fork into branch 28~31. It moves to the slot between front and a room to one branch 31, the branch between front and a room, and Is below, and only a short distance goes up the sudden edge of the heart to the surroundings and the slot between the rear surface and a room immediately on the right of Cusp 27. The portion of branch 31 is Anastomosis(ed) with the branch from the right coronary arteries. These branches are very small within the normal heart. them -- a coronary-arteries branch -- a blockade or a A arrival state -- intermediary striped Coronary arteriosclerosis -- Luo -- Listen -- within man, it may expand remarkably. In right coronary arteries 26, i.e., intersection 27, it has extended down to on the right-hand side of the Mukai or intermediary heart. Artery 26 has branches 32, 33, 34, and 35 of a large number which supply blood to heart tissue. Right coronary arteries 26 rise from Cave of the forward right side of main artery 23, and are Run along to a right-atrium room slot. As for it, the surroundings reach intersection in a sudden edge. These right coronary arteries 26 have many branches 32~35 to a front right ventricle wall. the branch of the forward right side of right coronary arteries 26 -- the right coronary arteries to a part of the start part -- it leaves later and carries out a Along rise at the wall like Maenaka of the right atrium. The branch pattern of arteries 24 and 26 has that common of different intermediary To have by people. In about 67% of case, right coronary arteries 26 are superiority and supply blood to a part of left ventricle wall and interventricular septum. In 15% of case, left coronary artery 19 is superiority and supplies blood to all the left ventricle walls and interventricular septa, and some right ventricle walls. In about 18% of case, both coronary arteries 24 and 26 reach intersection 27. As for the second and third branches, it is common to leave a parent artery independently of A right sine for a start [ of right coronary arteries 26 ]. It can use for the piece of a transplant of the present invention performing suitable supply of blood in these arteries. Reference of Drawings 4 thru/or 8 shows the piece of a vascular transplant of the present invention in general to reference mark 36. Piece 36 of a transplant is tubular member 37 with long and slender about U character shape which has a continuous passage for conveying blood. Tubular member 37 has continuous cylindrical wall 38, and wall 38 has inner side surface 39 which determines passage 40 of a long and slender longitudinal direction. Tubular member 37 has the distal end, i.e., exit end 42, in the main artery side at the proximal end, i.e., entrance end 41, and atrium side. About U character-like chief editor 43 is prolonged to section (that is, the diameter was reduced) 44 extracted from entrance end 41. Extracted section 44 is connected to distal end section 46. Preferably, extracted section 44 is located in about 2~5 cm from exit end 42 in the state where it was attached to heart tissue. Cylindrical wall 38 of chief editor 43 and wall 47 of distance (side near atrium) end section 46, one, and the shape of a Noodle cylinder are formed in extracted section 44 as shown in 5th [ The ] figure~figure 7. Wall 47 is surrounding throat-like passage 48 (iris diaphragm passage). This throat-like passage 48 has a small cross sectional area more substantially than the cross sectional area of passage 40. The cross sectional area of passage 40 is preferably 4 or more times as large as the cross sectional area of throat-like passage 48. Cylindrical wall 47 is connected to wall 38 by cone-like wall part 49. The shape of cone-like wall part 49 is shape which Recovery to direction of the flow of blood to throat-like passage 48. The end of the side opposite to wall 47 is connected to cone-like wall part 51 of shape which will form a part of distal end section 46 and which emitted. Cone-like wall part 51 is surrounding exit passage 52 which passes to exit end 42. The cross sectional area of exit passage 52 is substantially [ as the cross sectional area of passage 40 of chief editor 43 ] the same. The cross sectional area of this exit passage 52 may be larger than the cross sectional area of passage 40. Respectively, cone-like wall parts 49 and 51 have the length and the inner side wall surface of a longitudinal direction which constitute a loose smooth taper so that they may minimize the turbulent flow in the flow of blood. As for the length of the cylindrical longitudinal direction of wall 47 which surrounds throat-like passage 48, what is shorter than the length of the longitudinal direction of cone-like wall parts 49 and 51 is preferred. About this length and size, it is not necessary to come out like the above. A blood drop in pressure becomes large to the cross sectional area given to throat-like passage 48, so that the length of extracted section 44 is long. Exit passage 52 constitutes the chamber which acts so that the flow velocity and pressure of blood may be reduced before blood flows into the atrium of the heart. Distal end section 46 is a size which is easily attached to the pulse pipe which receives the tissue or blood of the heart. The whole tubular member 37 is the tubular body structure preferably made from man's umbilical cord. A umbilical cord is processed, will curve beforehand, will have a And taper attached, and will form section 44 where the request was extracted. Tubular body structure can also be made from an organization besides the carotid artery of a cow, the hypodermic mandrel growth (mandrel grown) tubular body member of the sheep, the esophagus of a cat, and the intestines of a cat being included (however, not limited to these). Other tubular body structures like a polytetrafluoroethylene tube or other synthetic tubes can be used for piece 36 of a vascular transplant. If Drawing 3 is referred to, piece 36 of a vascular transplant adjoins heart 10, and is arranged. Intermediary descent is carried out in Mukai at the middle portion on the front surface of the heart, and subsequently chief editor 43 encloses even the back surface, and it carries out an intermediary rise in Mukai at the right atrium. Extracted section 44 and distal end section 46 adjoin atrium 11, and are arranged. Proximal end 41 of tubular member 37 is transplanted into aortic orifice 53, and is Anastomosis(ed) by it by suture 54 as shown in Drawing 9. Distal end section 46 is transplanted into mouth 56 in heart 10 open to atrium 11, and is Anastomosis(ed) by it by suture 57 as shown in Drawing 10. blood -- the pressure difference of the blood between main artery 26 and atrium 11 -- passage 40 of tubular member 37 -- a connoisseur -- an intermediary -- it flows continuously. Throat-like passage 48 prevents that the flow of the blood passing through passage 40 becomes superfluous. Distal end section 46 of tubular member 37 can also be Anastomosis(ed) to left atrium 13. thereby -- blood -- main artery 23 to passage 40 and tube 37 -- a connoisseur -- it will flow into intermediary left atrium 13. Chief editor 43 of piece 36 of a transplant adjoins more than one or it coronary branch 28~31 and of 32~35, and is arranged. A surgeon can Anastomosis more than one or it of a coronary branch for the course of piece 36 of a transplant at a Along selection target, therefore can irrigate now. If Drawing 11 is referred to, piece 36 of a transplant is Anastomosis(ed) by coronary branch 35 by suture 58. Opening 59 is provided in cylindrical wall 38 so that blood may flow into coronary-arteries passage 61 from passage 40. Throat-like passage 48 which adjoins the exit end of the piece of a transplant allows coronary arteries to be irrigated with the blood of quantity sufficient by the pressure within the number mmHg of main artery blood pressure. the flow of the blood passing through throat-like passage 48 is laminar flow -- exit passage 52 -- a connoisseur -- it flows in continuously as laminar flow into intermediary atrium 11. The turbulent flow of the blood in piece 36 of a transplant is the minimum. inner side surface 39 of tubular member 37 -- smooth And -- it does not have at all a nitrogen compound (nitrics) which is continuous and may produce stagnation and solidification of blood. The suitable flow of the blood passing through passage 40 of the piece of a transplant and about 2500 ml/min are guaranteed with the diameter of aortic Anastomosis 53. throat-like passage 48 where about 500 ml/min was extracted to 2 mm when according to the experiment the aortic flow was made into about 6000 ml/min and it simulated by setting pressure to 100mmHg using the piece of a transplant of the tubular body of a 5-mm diameter -- a connoisseur -- flowing into the intermediary right atrium was shown. Since the amount of heart Exit is restricted by only the intravenous crown flow, about 8% of additional load will be imposed on the left ventricle. In order to carry out the Irrigation style of each coronary arteries to which blood is supplied appropriately, the blood of abbreviation 50~150 ml/min is needed. Since the blood which fully exceeds 2000 ml/min will flow into the piece of a transplant if the 5-mm piece of a transplant without an iris diaphragm is Anastomosis(ed) in the main artery into which blood flows by 6000 ml/min, suitable blood supply can be performed to the coronary branch up to ten pieces. In that case, the blood of 150 ml/min is conveyed to each coronary branch. Calculation of the flow of the blood passing through throat-like passage 48 showed that Reynolds number came between 500 and 1000. The flow of blood is laminar flow within passage 40 and 48. In a certain case, the surgeon can choose that a self-original target saphenous vein uses it so that it may be explained to here instead of a umbilical cord instead of piece 36 of a synthetic transplant. Reference of 12th [ The ] figure~figure 17 shows the segment of the self-original target saphenous vein in general with reference mark 70. This saphenous vein contains long and slender tubular member 71. Tubular member 71 has the passage for shedding blood, i.e., continuous cylindrical wall 72 which surrounds Cavity 73. It has opening 75, the entrance end, i.e., proximal end 74, of tubular member 71. Like piece 36 of a transplant shown in Drawing 3, saphenous vein 70 follows the surrounding course of the heart, and reaches to the blockaded artery. Cavity 73 has a diameter almost uniform from entrance end 74 connected to a main artery to an exit end, i.e., distal end 76. The tubular segment which performs the function to extract the blood style shown in general with reference mark 77 is Anastomosis(ed) by distal end 76 of the vein. Tubular segment 77 has entrance side section 78 and outlet side section 79 across iris diaphragm section (throat-like section) 81. Entrance road 82 adjusted to Cavity 73 and a lengthwise direction is located in entrance side section 78. Entrance road 82 is open for free passage with iris diaphragm passage 83 in iris diaphragm section 81. Iris diaphragm passage 83 is opened to exit passage 84 in outlet side section 79. The cross sectional area of exit passage 84 is substantially [ as the cross sectional area of entrance road 82 ] the same. The size of iris diaphragm passage 83 may change relatively to the size of entrance road 82. Preferably, the diameter of entrance road 82 is more than twice the diameter of iris diaphragm passage 83. That is, the cross sectional area of entrance road 82 is 4 or more times of the cross sectional area of iris diaphragm passage 83. as for iris diaphragm passage 83, the Irrigation style of one or the coronary arteries beyond it may be carried out -- as -- the blood pressure of a request of blood within tubular member 71 -- Cavity 73 -- a connoisseur -- an intermediary -- it allows flowing continuously. Distance side section (outlet side section) 79 in the side near an atrium is in the state where the section 79 was Anastomosis(ed) by the atrium of the heart, and has open exit 86 which allows blood to flow into the atrium of the heart. A surgeon extracts a part of saphenous vein from a patient's leg in use. Tubular segment 77 which has iris diaphragm passage 83 extracted to the desired size is attached to distal end (exit end) 76 of tubular member 71 from suture 87. Entrance end 74 by the side of a main artery is Anastomosis(ed) by main artery 23. Tubular member 71 surrounds the heart so that outlet side section 79 of tubular segment 77 may adjoin atrium 11 and may be arranged. outlet side section 79 -- continuous And of blood -- a part of atrium of the heart Anastomosis so that a suitable flow may be maintained through tubular member 71 and tubular segment 77. The pressure of blood is a value of request that the Irrigation style of one or the coronary arteries beyond it may be carried out. The surgeon can Anastomosis the coronary arteries beyond even [ Along ] or it to the tubular member 71 for the course of tubular member 71 as shown in Drawing 11. By this, blood will flow continuously into Cavity of coronary arteries from Cavity 73 by the operation of pressure. Reference of The 18th figure~figure 22 shows the tubular piece of a transplant which can be used for supplying blood to one or the coronary arteries beyond it in man's heart continuously in general to reference mark 90. Piece 90 of a transplant has long and slender tubular member 91 of the shape of about U characters which has continuous cylindrical wall 92. Wall 92 forms passage 93 of an almost uniform diameter. Tubular member 91 has proximal end 94 which has inlet opening 96 for receiving supply of blood from a main artery continuously. blood -- passage 93 -- a connoisseur -- it flows into distal end 97 which has an intermediary and outlet opening 98. Distal end 97 is suitable for a part of atrium of the heart or the vein which receives blood from an atrium Anastomosis(ing). The Irrigation style of one or the coronary arteries beyond it is carried out the blood style stop member which is shown in general with reference mark 99 and which can be adjusted to be shown in The 18th figure~figure 22, continuous And of the blood of desired pressure -- in order to throttle the flow of the blood into distal end 97, maintaining a suitable flow, distal end 97 is adjoined and it is attached to tubular member 91. Blood style stop member 99 forms extracted iris diaphragm passage 106, and it reinforces a tubular member. Blood style stop members 99 are a pair of self locking screws 103 and 104, and are the bolting units constituted so that regulation was possible and the first member 101 and second member 102 might be combined. Member 101 has central part 101A curved to the method of outside, and this central part is arranged on the circumference of tubular member 91. The second member 102 has the above-mentioned central part 101A and central part 102A curved to the method of outside for opposite, and this central part is also arranged on the circumference of the side opposite to tubular member 91. Screws 103 and 104 can be adjusted so that the first member 101 and 2nd member 102 of each other may be made to approach or isolate, in order to adjust the size of iris diaphragm passage 106, they adjust the flow of the blood which passes along passage 93 by this, and adjust the pressure of the blood in Road 93. The cylindrical mandrel which has a desired cross sectional area is used for forming the size or cross sectional area of a passage extracted in a desired size. This mandrel is inserted into the distance side section of tubular member 91. Blood style stop member 99 is placed near a distal end, and is bound tight on tubular member 91. Curved central parts 101A and 102A approach mutually, and it applies power to the wall of surrounding tubular member 91 of a mandrel. Subsequently, this mandrel is removed from tubular member 91. Blood style stop member 99 maintains the cross sectional area to which iris diaphragm passage 106 was set as shown in Drawing 22. Reference of Drawing 23 shows the figure of the front man's heart in general with reference mark 210. Heart 210 has right atrium 211, right ventricle 212, left atrium 213, and left ventricle 214. the blood from the body -- main artery 216 -- a connoisseur -- it flows into intermediary right atrium 211. The pressure of the blood in right atrium 211 becomes low as blood flows into right atrium 211. A cardiac valve film controls the flow of the blood from right atrium 211 to into right ventricle 212. Blood is fed into a lung through a valve from right ventricle 212, and returns from a lung to left atrium 213 through the pulmonary vein. Blood flows into left ventricle 214 through a cardiac valve film from left atrium 213, and is fed into main artery 223 through a valve from left ventricle 214. The muscular system of the heart receives supplies of blood from two coronary arteries 224 and 226. left coronary artery 224 -- the left-hand side of main artery 223 to the heart -- Along the cusp 227 -- Mukai -- it has extended once. Coronary arteries 224 have branches 228,229,230 and 231 of a large number which supply blood to the muscular system. Left coronary artery 224 has a short common trunk divided the shape of bifurcated, or in the shape of 3 A fork into branch 228~231. It moves to the slot between front and a room to one branch 231, the branch between front and a room, and Is below, and only a short distance goes up the sudden edge of the heart to the surroundings and the slot between the rear surface and a room immediately on the right of In addition 227. The portion of branch 231 is Anastomosis(ed) with the branch from the right coronary arteries. These branches are very small within the normal heart. them -- a coronary-arteries branch -- a blockade or an adhesion state -- within the human body suffered from intermediary striped Coronary arteriosclerosis, it may expand remarkably. Right coronary arteries 226 are prolonged in Cusp, i.e., intersection 227, down to on the right-hand side of the Mukai or intermediary heart. Artery 226 has branches 232,233,234 and 235 of a large number which supply blood to heart tissue. Reference of Drawings 24 thru/or 28 shows the piece of a vascular transplant with which the present invention was reinforced in general to reference mark 236. Piece 236 of a transplant is tubular member 237 with long and slender about U character shape which has a continuous passage for conveying blood. Tubular member 237 has continuous cylindrical wall 238, and wall 238 has inner side surface 239 which determines passage 240 of a long and slender longitudinal direction. Tubular member 237 has the distal end, i.e., exit end 242, in the main artery side at the proximal end, i.e., entrance end 241, and atrium side. Chief editor 243 is prolonged to section (that is, the diameter was reduced) 244 (it is considered as the iris diaphragm section below.) extracted from entrance end 241. This iris diaphragm section 244 is connected to distal end section 246. Preferably, iris diaphragm section 244 is located in about 2~5 cm from exit end 242 in the state where it was attached to heart tissue. Cylindrical wall 238 of chief editor 243 and wall 247 of distal end section 246, one, and the shape of an intermediary cylinder are formed in iris diaphragm section 244 as shown in The 25th figure~figure 27. Wall 247 is surrounding iris diaphragm passage 248. This iris diaphragm passage 248 has a small cross sectional area more substantially than the cross sectional area of passage 240. The cross sectional area of passage 240 is preferably 4 or more times as large as the cross sectional area of iris diaphragm passage 248. Cylindrical wall 247 is connected to wall 238 by cone-like wall part 249. The shape of cone-like wall part 249 is shape which Recovery to direction of the flow of the blood into iris diaphragm passage 248. The end of the side opposite to wall 247 is connected to cone-like wall part 251 of shape which will form a part of distal end section 246 and which emitted. Cone-like wall part 251 is surrounding exit passage 252 which passes to exit end 242. The cross sectional area of exit passage 252 is substantially [ as the cross sectional area of passage 240 of chief editor 243 ] the same. Respectively, cone-like wall parts 249 and 251 have the length and the inner side wall surface of a longitudinal direction which constitute a loose smooth taper so that they may minimize the turbulent flow in the flow of blood. As for the length of the cylindrical longitudinal direction of wall 247 which surrounds iris diaphragm passage 248, what is shorter than the length of the longitudinal direction of wall parts 249 and 251 is preferred. About this length and size, it is not necessary to come out like the above. The blood drop in pressure to the cross sectional area given to iris diaphragm passage 248 is so large that the length of iris diaphragm section 244 is long. Exit passage 252 is making the chamber which acts so that the flow velocity and pressure of blood may be reduced before blood flows into the atrium of the heart. Distal end section 246 is a size which is easily attached to the pulse pipe which receives the tissue or blood of the heart. Piece 236 of a vascular transplant is inactivity in living body, and is a long and slender tube of the synthetic material which covers Long period and does not deteriorate within the body. The examples of a suitable material are polytetrafluoroethylene and Dacron plastics. Other materials and those combination can also be used for piece 236 of a vascular transplant. Iris diaphragm section 244 is reinforced by sleeve 245. It is constituted so that it may guarantee that a cross sectional area and length of iris diaphragm passage 248 continue, and are maintained at a long period of time. When the material of wall 247 is reinforced by sleeve 245, it will not expand while in use, but this will extract, and the size and length of passage 248 will be substantially kept constant during use of piece 236 of a vascular transplant. Sleeve 245 is a reinforcement structure which controls extension or expansion, contraction, and extension of wall 247, as it continues at a long period of time and the size of a request of iris diaphragm passage 248 is maintained. This maintains the pressure of the blood in passage 240 which irrigates the coronary branch which guaranteed the flow by which continuous And control of the blood which passes piece 236 of a vascular transplant was carried out, and was attached to chief editor 243 to a predetermined value. Then of sleeve 245 is good at the tubular textiles member of metal, a plastic, or carbon textiles formed as a net, and this net structure surrounds iris diaphragm section 244. A tape and thread may be used for forming sleeve 245. Sleeve 245 may be attached to the outer surface of iris diaphragm section 244 by adhesion or other methods. This reinforcement structure may be incorporated in one into the material of iris diaphragm section 244. Thickness of the wall of the iris diaphragm section may be thickened as [ strengthen / this section ]. Then of a sleeve is also good at the tubular member of a rigid plastic, carbon, or metal constituted in order to have been arranged around the iris diaphragm section. Sleeve 245 is surrounding wall 247 and cone-like wall parts 249 and 251 connected to it as shown in Drawing 24 and Drawings 26, 29, and 31. Sleeve 245 has a structure continuous from cone-like wall part 249 to cone-like wall part 251 so that the both sides of the cone-like wall part which Recovery, and the cone-like wall part which emits may be reinforced and extracted iris diaphragm passage 248 may be formed. Then of the piece of vascular transplant 236 whole is also good at the tubular structure made from man's umbilical cord. The umbilical cord can attach a taper so that iris diaphragm section 244 which was corrected and was extracted to the request may be formed. Iris diaphragm section 244 is reinforced by the above mechanical reinforcing means. Other blood vessels and organization tubes of form which have this section extracted and Reinforcement(ed) can also be used as a piece of a transplant. If Drawing 23 is referred to, piece 236 of a vascular transplant adjoins heart 210, and is arranged. Intermediary descent is carried out in Mukai at the middle portion on the front surface of the heart, and, subsequently chief editor 243 is surrounded to the back surface, and an intermediary rise is carried out in Mukai at the right atrium. Iris diaphragm section 244 and distal end section 246 adjoin atrium 211, and are arranged. Proximal end 241 of tubular member 237 is transplanted into aortic mouth 253, and is Anastomosis(ed) by it by suture 254 as shown in Drawing 30. Exit end 246 is attached to heart 30 in the surroundings of mouth 256 open to atrium 211, and is Anastomosis(ed) by suture 257 as shown in Drawing 31. blood -- the blood pressure difference between main artery 223 and atrium 211 -- passage 240 of tubular member 237 -- a connoisseur -- an intermediary -- it will flow continuously. Iris diaphragm passage 248 prevents that the flow of the blood passing through passage 240 becomes superfluous. Iris diaphragm section 244 reinforced with sleeve 245 maintains the flow by which the blood passing through iris diaphragm passage 248 was controlled. working together of sleeve 245 and wall 247 which the cross sectional area and length of iris diaphragm passage 248 reinforce -- long usable years -- Keep -- To. Distal end section 246 of tubular member 237 can be Anastomosis(ed) to left atrium 213. thereby -- blood -- main artery 223 to passages 240,248 and 252 -- a connoisseur -- it will flow in into intermediary left atrium 213. Chief editor 243 of piece 236 of a transplant adjoins more than one or it coronary branch 228~231 and of 232~235, and is arranged. A surgeon can Anastomosis more than one or it of a coronary branch for the course of piece 236 of a transplant at a Along selection target, therefore can irrigate now. If Drawing 31 is referred to, piece 236 of a transplant is Anastomosis(ed) by coronary branch 235 by suture 258. Intermediary To have [ as ] through which opening 259 is provided in cylindrical wall 238, and blood can flow into it into passage 261 of coronary arteries from passage 240. Extracted iris diaphragm passage 248 will be adjoined and established in the side near the atrium of the piece of a transplant, therefore coronary arteries will be irrigated with sufficient quantity of blood by the pressure within the number mmHg of the pressure of aortic blood. the flow of the blood passing through extracted iris diaphragm passage 248 is laminar flow -- passage 252 -- a connoisseur -- it continues as laminar flow into intermediary atrium 211. Since exit passage 252 extracts, and it is larger than passage 248, before blood flows into atrium 211, the pressure and speed of the blood decrease. The turbulent flow of the blood in piece 236 of a transplant is the minimum. inner side surface 239 of tubular member 237 -- smooth And -- it is continuous. The nitrogen compound in which it may produce stagnation and solidification of blood is not contained at all. The piece of a transplant of the present invention can also be used as what conveys blood also in the surrounding re-angiogensis disposal of the leg. For example, the piece of a transplant will be inserted between the maximum distance artery Anastomosis and one of a popliteal vein or main branches. The organ which supplies blood is a femoral artery, and Anastomosis will be made within a popliteal artery (or), its distance branch, a front tibia, a back tibia, or a fibula artery. The iris diaphragm passage or throat-like passage arranged between these arteries and distal ends of the piece of a transplant controls the blood style which passes along the piece of a transplant. A continuous blood style will be guaranteed so that it can irrigate the suitable blood pressure for the above-mentioned artery and the piece of a transplant may carry out Patency maintenance simultaneously by controlling a blood style. Although how to supply a continuous blood style has been illustrated and explained to the desirable example of the piece of a transplant of the present invention, one, or the artery beyond it, it will be understood that a change of the material of the piece of a transplant, a size, length, and arrangement may be made from a person skilled in the art within the limits of the present invention. The range of the present invention is defined by the range of the following claim.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

Drawing 1 is a figure of the front man's heart. Drawing 2 is a solution figure longitudinal section of the heart of Drawing 1. Drawing 3 is a figure of the front of the heart of the human being who has a piece of a transplant of the present invention. Drawing 4 is a top view which expands the piece of a transplant of Drawing 3 and is shown to a Katsu partial target with a sectional view. Drawing 5 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 5-5 of Drawing 4. Drawing 6 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 6-6 of Drawing 4. Drawing 7 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 7-7 of Drawing 4. Drawing 8 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 8-8 of Drawing 4. Drawing 9 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 9-9 of Drawing 3. Drawing 10 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 10-10 of Drawing 3. Drawing 11 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 11-11 of Drawing 3. Drawing 12 is a top view showing partially the tubular segment Anastomosis(ed) at its usable as piece of transplant of the present invention saphenous-vein, and distance side with a sectional view. Drawing 13 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 13-13 of Drawing 12. Drawing 14 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 14-14 of Drawing 12. Drawing 15 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 15-15 of Drawing 12. Drawing 16 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 16-16 of Drawing 12. Drawing 17 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 17-17 of Drawing 12. Drawing 18 is a top view showing partially the piece of a transplant, and the blood style stop member to it which can be adjusted with a sectional view. Drawing 19 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 19-19 of Drawing 18. Drawing 20 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 20-20 of Drawing 18. Drawing 21 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 21-21 of Drawing 18. Drawing 22 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 22-22 of Drawing 18. Drawing 23 is a figure of the front of the heart of the human being who has the piece of a vascular transplant with which the present invention was reinforced. Drawing 24 is a top view which expands the piece of a vascular transplant of Drawing 23, and is shown to a Katsu partial target with a sectional view. Drawing 25 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 25-25 of Drawing 24. Drawing 26 is a figure expanding and showing the distal end of the piece of a vascular transplant of Drawing 24. Drawing 27 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 27-27 of Drawing 26. Drawing 28 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 28-28 of Drawing 26. Drawing 29 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 29-29 of Drawing 26. Drawing 30 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 30-30 of Drawing 26. Drawing 31 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 31-31 of Drawing 26. Drawing 32 is an expanded sectional view which meets line 32-32 of Drawing 26. 10 ... heart, 11 ... right atrium, 12 ... right ventricle, 13 ... left atrium, 14 ... left ventricle, 16 ... large vein, 17 ... cardiac valve film, 18 ... valve, 19 ... pulmonary artery, 20 ... pulmonary vein, 21 ... cardiac valve film, 22 ... valve, 23 ... main artery, 24 ... left coronary artery, 26 ... right coronary arteries, 27 ... Cusp, A cross, and 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34, 35 ... coronary-arteries branch, 36 ... piece of a transplant, 37 ... tubular member, 38 ... wall, 39 ... inner side surface, 40 ... passage, 41 ... entrance end (proximal end), 42 ... exit end (distal end), 43 ... chief editor, 44 ... extracted section, 46 ... distal end section, 47 ... cylindrical wall, 48 ... iris diaphragm passage (throat-like passage), 52 ... exit passage, 49, 51 ... A cone-like wall part, 53 ... An aortic orifice, 54 ... Suture, 56 ... the mouth in the heart, and 57, 58 ... suture, 59 ... opening, 70 ... saphenous vein, 71 ... tubular member, 72 ... wall, 73 ... Cavity, 74 ... entrance end (proximal end), 75 ... opening, 76 ... exit end (distal end) of tubular member 71, 77 ... tubular segment, 78 ... the entrance side section, 79 ... outlet side section, 81 ... throat section, 82 ... entrance road, 83 ... iris diaphragm passage, 84 ... exit passage, 86 ... exit, 90 ... piece of a transplant, 91 ... tubular member, 92 ... wall, 93 ... passage, 94 ... proximal end, 96 ... inlet opening, 97 ... distal end, 98 ... outlet opening, 99 ... blood style stop member, 106 ... iris diaphragm passage, 101 ... the first member, 102 ... the second member, 103,104 ... screw, 210 ... heart, 211 ... right atrium, 212 ... right ventricle, 213 ... left atrium, 214 ... left ventricle, 216 ... large vein, 223 ... main artery, 224 ... left coronary artery, 226 ... right coronary arteries, 227 ... Cusp, A cross, and 228, 229, 230 and 231, 232,233,234,235 ... coronary-arteries branch, 236 ... piece of a transplant, 237 ... tubular member, 238 ... cylindrical wall, 239 ... inner side surface, 240 ... passage, 241 ... entrance end, 242 ... exit end, 243 ... chief editor, 244 ... iris diaphragm section, 245 ... sleeve, 246 ... distal end section, 247 ... wall, 248 ... iris diaphragm passage, 249,251 ... cone-like wall part, 252 ... exit passage, 253 ... aortic mouth 254 [ ... Opening ] ... A suture, 256 ... The mouth open to the atrium, 257,258 ... A suture, 259