Fault detection apparatus for parenteral infusion system

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

The background of an invention Generally the present invention relates to the system which carries out parenteral supplementation of the fluid to a patient, and relates to the system of the above-mentioned form of having a device which pours fluid into a patient's blood vessel organization especially. In the hospital, the system of this specific form is widely used, in order to prescribe parenteral fluid for the patient by an exact flow. These systems are useful to both intravenous pouring and artery pouring, and are typically provided with the perfusion pump for feeding parenteral fluid to a patient's vein or artery through a fluid pipe and a needle, and the control device relevant to this. One fault to the conventional perfusion pump system of this form is that a needle sometimes separates from a patient's vein or artery. Although this makes back pressure usually increase, a pump continues feeding fluid by the same fixed flow substantially. So, fluid will permeate a patient's systems of the body, and will do a serious obstacle. Similarly, although a needle may separate completely from a patient, a pump still continues feeding fluid by the same fixed flow. One known art which detects osmosis of fluid is supervising the temperature of a patient's skin near a needle. Parenteral fluid usually has a temperature lower than a patient's body temperature, and since the trend-of-the-world object in which fluid osmosis also produced Natural does not flow quickly, if osmosis of fluid arises, the temperature near a needle will usually fall. Therefore, when the fall of skin temperature is detected, it is presumed that fluid osmosis has occurred. It does not seem that in all cases this art is completely satisfactory, for example when the temperature of parenteral fluid is substantially the same as that of a patient's blood. Other known art which detects osmosis of the parenteral fluid to a patient's human body organization is related with intervention of the personnel of a hospital. In one of such the art, a personal valet looks at and inspects the surrounding field of a needle by the eye, and it detects the swelling of the body which shows fluid osmosis. A personal valet lowers a bottle to a place lower than the height of a needle periodically, and it makes it fluid flow into a patient's outside of the body in another art useful only when fluid is prescribed for the patient by gravity from a bottle. When it does in this way and a patient's blood does not appear in a fluid pipe, it is presumed that the needle has not carried out a fluid free passage with a vein or an artery. It needs for the personnel of the one reason by whom both of the art was trained [ that no such art is completely satisfactory ] for part intermediary To have to be in a hospital, and is because neither of the art can be carried out automatically. Osmosis and other defective states of fluid are detected, and also another known art is used for the parenteral supplementation system which adjusts a flow using the blockade valve arranged at the fluid pipe between a dropping room and a patient. In order to maintain the frequency of the fluid glob to a dropping room to a certain selected value, especially a blockade valve is adjusted so that control is possible. When it is going to maintain the selected glob frequency and the limit of a blockade valve is exceeded, it is presumed that a defective state exists. However, in order to judge a specific form of an existing defective state, for example, fluid osmosis, an operator's intervention is still needed. A needle separates completely from a patient, and at the time of the other side, fluid is usually detected for this by a patient's skin and bedding, only when the personal valet of a hospital sees by the eye. Such a staff member's at a hospital active intervention is not considered to be the completely satisfactory solution over this problem. It is clearer than the above explanation that the effective method and device which detect a defect like osmosis of fluid or interception of a pipeline automatically in the parenteral supplementation system of the form of having a pouring device are still demanded. The present invention satisfies such a demand. The outline of an invention The present invention is carried out in the method relevant to the defective detecting device and this which are used for the parenteral supplementation system of the form of having a device which pours in parenteral fluid to a patient's blood vessel organization through a fluid pipe and a needle. This device is provided with a pressure transformer juicer means to supervise the pressure of the fluid in a fluid pipe and to generate the pressure signal corresponding to this. According to the present invention, this device estimated qualitatively that the above-mentioned pressure signal determined the time of a fluid pipe not carrying out a fluid free passage appropriately with a patient's blood vessel organization further, and is provided with an automatic defect detection means which generates the alarm signal corresponding to it. Thereby, the personnel of a hospital can do other work without the necessity of repeating and supervising the state of a parenteral supplementation system, freely. One example of the above-mentioned defect detection means is used for the parenteral supplementation system provided with the pulse type pouring device for medicating a patient's intravenous system with parenteral fluid. The above-mentioned defect detection means generates an alarm signal, when it detects that fluid permeates a human body organization different from an intravenous system. In this example, the above-mentioned defect detection means analyzes the pressure signal after each pouring pulse, and detects the impedance change which is separated from a needle. Especially the above-mentioned defect detection means detects osmosis of fluid by determining whether a pressure signal returns to the regular level in the predetermined time after each pouring pulse. Especially the above-mentioned defect detection means carries out high region wave filtration of the pressure signal, and compares with a regular Threshold hold this pressure signal that carried out wave filtration. An alarm signal is generated when this pressure signal that carried out wave filtration exceeds the account Threshold hold of time Nakagami longer than the regulation time after each pouring pulse. In another example, the above-mentioned defect detection means detects fluid osmosis, when pouring in fluid by the flow in which a pouring device is comparatively expensive, for example, 40-m1/o'clock. The defect detection means is provided with the pressure variation signal which determines whether a pressure signal increases in more than specific-among predetermined time quantity in this example. This pressure change means determines whether in more than the amount of regulations, the pressure signal increased into the time interval of a sampling and a sampling as a means to sample a pressure signal with a certain time interval, It is preferred to have the means [ the pressure signal sample of this side / sample / present / pressure signal ]. As for the above-mentioned pressure change means, only after a pressure differential coefficient means determines that the instant rate of change of a pressure signal exceeds a regulation level, it is preferred that an operation is made possible. Other two examples of the defect detection means of the present invention are used when medicating a patient's artery system with parenteral fluid by a parenteral supplementation system. In one side of such an example, a defect detection means carries out low-pass wave filtration of the pressure signal so that the influence of a patient's heart beat may be eliminated, and it compares with a predetermined Threshold hold this pressure signal that carried out wave filtration. An alarm signal is generated for this signal from a Threshold hold at the time of lower Ivy. In the example of another side, a defect detection means carries out high region wave filtration of the pressure signal so that it may let only the signal ingredient resulting from a patient's heart beat pass. An alarm signal is generated when lack of a beat pulse is detected. In another example, a defect detection means detects interception of the air bubbles and pipe which arise in the fluid pipe terminal area between a pulse type pouring device and a patient. When such a state arises, it becomes what has signal shape insufficient in attenuation, and a pressure signal has the ringing characteristic after each pouring pulse. By analyzing the pressure signal after each pouring pulse, a defect detection means detects this ringing and measures the impedance change which is separated from a needle. Especially a defect detection means determines whether an exchange pressure signal (namely, pressure signal by which high region wave filtration was carried out) goes down from a regular negative pressure Threshold hold after each pouring pulse. one negative portion of regulation of the positive peak exchange pressure signal which this Threshold hold produces immediately after each pouring pulse -- it is -- But -- it is desirable. In the desirable example of a present invention device, a defect detection means includes many examples described above for detecting fluid osmosis of a vein and an artery, and interception of a channel. By a suitable change circuit, an intravenous osmosis circuit or an artery osmosis circuit can be operated based on how to use a system. Detection of a defect of one of various circuits will operate an alarm. Other features and effects of the present invention will become clearer than detailed explanation of the following of the desirable example which showed the principle of the present invention as an example with reference to the accompanying drawing. Explanation of a desirable example Now, defective detector circuit 10 used for the system of an accompanying drawing which will medicate patient's 11 blood vessel organization with parenteral fluid if especially Drawing 1 is explained is shown. The above-mentioned system is provided with common perfusion pump 13 for feeding parenteral fluid to a patient through fluid pipe 17 and needle 19, and pump control device 15 relevant to this. As for a pump, it is preferred that it is a wriggled type thing which repeats and feeds fluid. The related controller which controls such one suitable pump and its speed, It is indicated by U.S. patent application 06th, such as Mr. Stphen H.O'Leary who entitles "the fluid flow control method and the device (Method and Apparatus for Fluid Flow Control)" for which it applied on July 9, 1981, / No. 281848. Pump control device 15 outputs a motor Stepping signal, and this is sent to perfusion pump 13 through line 21. This signal is a series of pulses, and each of it operates one step of pumps at a time so that the parenteral fluid of the specified quantity may be poured in to patient 11. The parenteral supplementation system is provided with pressure transformer juicer 23 for supervising the fluid pressure in fluid pipe 17, and forming the pressure signal output corresponding to this in line 27 further, and widening machine 25 relevant to this. According to the present invention, it is estimated that the pressure signal of line 27 detects some characteristic patterns showing defective detector circuit 10 having the unsuitable fluid free passage between fluid pipe 17 and a patient's blood vessel organization. A circuit's detection of such a state will operate alarm 29. Such a defective state includes that fluid permeates human body organizations other than a patient's blood vessel organization, that needle 19 separates completely from patient 11, or that a leak arises in a fluid pipe or air bubbles are formed. Thus, the personnel of a hospital need to do neither surveillance nor an examination frequently, and it can secure the suitable parenteral supplementation of fluid. Low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector 31 which detects fluid osmosis in case especially defective detector circuit 10 feeds parenteral fluid for a patient's intravenous system by the flow in which perfusion pump 13 is comparatively low, The intravenous system is equipped with high injection flow intravenous osmosis detector 33 which detects osmosis when feeding fluid by the flow in which a pump is comparatively expensive. The defective detector circuit is provided with artery osmosis detector 35 which detects fluid osmosis in case a pump feeds fluid for a patient's artery system further, and pipeline interception detector 37 which detects the time of the fluid terminal area between a pump and patient 11 having a leak of a certain kind or air bubbles. The above-mentioned system is provided with mode switch 39 for directing whether this medicates a patient's intravenous system with parenteral fluid, or an artery system is medicated. The system is provided also with pouring flow detector circuit 41 which operates so that it may direct whether fluid is fed by a comparatively high flow, or it is fed by a comparatively low flow when the above-mentioned switch directs that this is feeding fluid for a patient's intravenous system. Switch 39 and detector circuit 41 are used so that suitable intravenous osmosis detector circuit 31, 33, or artery osmosis detector circuit 35 can be operated based on the operating mode of a system. Especially mode switch 39 is a unipolar single Throw switch. Ground connection of the terminal of the center is made directly, and other two terminals are connected to positive voltage through separate resistance 43. 2 Advanced signal which appear in the reason and these two terminals have a mutually reverse phase. As for such a signal, one side is determined as the-izing signal which can be artery operated, and another side is appointed at the-izing signal which can be intravenous operated. The-izing signal which can be artery operated is directly sent to artery osmosis detector circuit 35 through line 45, and the-izing signal which can be intravenous operated is sent to pouring flow element 41 through line 47. A pouring flow detector circuit sends the-izing signal which can be intravenous operated based on the pouring flow given by perfusion pump 13 to either low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector 31 or high injection flow intravenous osmosis detector 33. Pouring flow detector circuit 41 supervised the motor Stepping signal which appears in line 21, and is provided with frequency discriminator 49 which generates an output signal with the voltage level generally proportional in the frequency of the signal. This output signal is sent to the positive input terminal of comparison machine 53 through line 51, and the comparison machine is compared with the selected standard level on which this signal is sent to that negative input terminal. A Here standard level is sent through line 55 from the wiper of potentiometer 57, and two terminals of everything but a potentiometer are connected with a ground between positive service voltage. In directing that perfusion pump 13 feeds fluid by a comparatively high flow (for example, about 40-m1/o'clock more than) exceeding the Threshold hold of the above [ the output signal of a discrimination machine ], the output of a comparison machine serves as a positive voltage level. On the other hand, the output signal of a discrimination machine does not exceed the above-mentioned Threshold hold, but in directing that a pump carries out fluid feeding by a comparatively low flow, a comparison machine outputs a low-voltage level signal. And [ of the signal output of comparison machine 53 ] is carried out to the-izing signal which is sent to 1st and gate 61 through line 59, and is sent through line 47 from mode switch 39 and which can be intravenous operated (logical product formation is carried out). Thereby, the-izing signal which can be high injection flow intravenous operated is formed, and this is sent to high injection flow intravenous osmosis detector 33 through line 63. Thereby, the operation of this detector 33 is enabled so that intravenous pouring was chosen with the mode switch, and fluid osmosis may be detected when a pouring flow exceeds a regular Threshold hold and. the signal output of comparison machine 53 of pouring flow element 41 -- pass line 59 -- be sent also to inhibit gate 65, be reversed here, and, subsequently pass line 67 -- it is sent to 2nd and gate 69, and and is carried out to the above-mentioned-izing signal which appears in line 47 and which can be intravenous operated. The-izing signal which arises by this and which can be low pouring flow intravenous operated is sent to low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector 31 through line 71. Therefore, when intravenous pouring is chosen with mode switch 39 and a pouring flow does not exceed a regular Threshold hold, the operation of this detector 31 is enabled. Now, the easy block diagram of low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector 31 is shown in Drawing 2. this circuit -- widening machine 25 to line 27 -- To warp -- the pressure signal sent is supervised and the characteristic pattern showing osmosis or a blockade of the fluid to the human body organization away from the patient's intravenous system is detected. If this circuit detects such a state, an alarm signal will be outputted and this will be sent to alarm 29 through line 73. Fundamentally, it is judged that a blockade or osmosis produced this circuit when a pressure signal did not return to that usual value in the regulation time after the fluid feeding pulse of each following Every of perfusion pump 13. Low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector 31 is provided with 0.1-Hz high pass filter 75 which carries out wave filtration of the pressure signal sent through line 27. A pressure signal by which wave filtration was carried out by this is outputted through line 77. The pressure signal shown in Drawing 3 c usually has an end which each of it produces by motor Stepping of the following Every of perfusion pump 13 and which is decreased exponentially including a series of positive pressure pulses. Comparison machine 79 is compared with the selected right voltage Threshold hold to which the pressure signal by which wave filtration was carried out is sent through line 81 from the wiper of potentiometer 83. Two terminals of everything but a potentiometer are connected between a ground and right voltage. When the voltage level of the pressure signal by which wave filtration was carried out exceeds a Threshold hold, comparison machine 79 outputs a positive signal as shown in Drawing 3 d to line 85. As for a Threshold hold, it is preferred to be chosen as about 30% of the peak values of a pulse. Typically, Threshold holds are 4 thru/or 6cmH mostly.₂It is O. Detector 31 is further provided with single stable multi-vibrator, i.e., one shot 87, and flip flop 89 which samples the output signal of comparison machine 79 about 0.2 second after each pulse of a motor Stepping signal (Drawing 3 a). In particular, a motor Stepping signal is sent to a one shot through line 21, the one shot forms a series of pulses (Drawing 3 d) corresponding to it, and each of it has the pulse width for about 0.2 second. The signal of this one shot is sent to the clock input terminal of a flip flop through line 91, and the flip flop samples a pressure differential coefficient signal in the back end of each pulse. When the output signal of a comparison machine is still a positive value at this time, a flip flop also outputs a positive signal. The signal outputted by flip flop 89 is sent to one input terminal of and gate 94 through line 93, and and [ of the gate ] is carried out to the-izing signal with which this signal is sent through line 71 and which can be low pouring flow intravenous operated. As described above, this-izing signal that can be operated directs what the parenteral supplementation system was medicated with fluid for by the patient's intravenous system by the comparatively low flow. When both the inputs to an and gate are positive values, It is presumed that fluid osmosis has arisen, an and gate outputs a trigger signal, this signal is sent to Latchch 96 through line 95, the Latchch ranks next, an alarm signal is generated, and this is sent to alarm 29 (Drawing 1) through line 73. Into a normal state when needle 19 is inserted suitable for a patient's blood vessel, a pressure signal (Drawing 3 c) returns to the usual value quickly [ post-comparison-wise of each pulse of a motor Stepping signal (Drawing 3 a) ]. Therefore, a pressure signal does not exceed a Threshold hold but the output signal (Drawing 3 d) of a comparison machine serves as a low level at the time of the sampling of the following Every. So, detector circuit 31 does not generate an alarm signal. On the other hand, needle 19 is not appropriately open for free passage with a patient's intravenous system, and the damping time of a pressure signal (Drawing 3 e) will become comparatively long into an abnormal condition when fluid osmosis has arisen. This appears clearly. It is because a human body organization cannot disperse each pouring of parenteral fluid quickly. Thus, since damping time is long, the output signal (Drawing 3 f) of a comparison machine is still a high level, when sampled by flip flop 89. An alarm signal is generated at the reason and line 73. Now, the easy circuit diagram of high injection flow intravenous osmosis detector 33 of Drawing 1 is shown in Drawing 4. Fundamentally, it is determined whether this circuit supervises the pressure signal sent through line 27, and, in more than a certain selected quantity, the pressure of fluid pipe 17 increases it into predetermined time. In this circuit, the instant rate of change of pressure is, regular level, for example, 30cmH.₂After exceeding O/second first, the average and this decision are made. Into the usual state, it becomes a positive pressure slope smaller than this small Threshold hold. About 250 cmH₂Although a positive larger pressure slope than O/second directs a blockade in the lower stream, this is processed by the detector circuit as if it was fluid osmosis. The instant rate of change of a pressure signal is 30cmH.₂When the Threshold hold of O/second is exceeded first, a detector circuit samples a pressure signal immediately, and samples it again in about 4 seconds of it. The 2nd sample is the amount of regulations, for example, 75cmH, about the 1st sample.₂When O and the above exceed, generating of fluid osmosis is presumed. At this time, an alarm signal is outputted to line 97 and it is sent to alarm 29 (Drawing 1). Detector circuit 33 of Drawing 4 is suitable for using for detection of fluid osmosis in case a parenteral supplementation system prescribes fluid for the patient by the flow beyond abbreviation 40m1/o'clock. To with required making the operation of perfusion pump 13 momentarily impossible, when usually searching so that fluid osmosis may be detected although low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector 31 of Drawing 2 can function appropriately also by such a pouring flow. This is for the pulse of the following Every of a perfusion pump to occur at the interval shorter than 0.2 second which is the nominal sampling delay time needed for a circuit. High injection flow intravenous osmosis detector 33 is [ differentiation machine 99 which forms a pressure differential coefficient signal, and ] 30cmH about this pressure differential coefficient signal.₂It has comparison machine 103 in comparison with the Threshold hold corresponding to O/second. A pressure signal is inputted into a differentiation machine through line 27, and a pressure differential coefficient signal is outputted to line 105 with a differentiation machine, and is sent to the positive input terminal of a comparison machine. The negative input terminal of a comparison machine is connected to the wiper of potentiometer 113 through line 111. The voltage which two terminals of everything but a potentiometer are connected to a ground and positive service voltage, therefore appears in the wiper of a potentiometer expresses the positive selected voltage Threshold hold. A comparison machine generates the trigger signal of a positive value, when a pressure differential coefficient signal exceeds this Threshold hold. Detector circuit 33 of Drawing 4 is further provided with 1st and 2nd sample hold circuits 121 and 123, and the single stable multi-vibrator, i.e., one Shiyuto 125, for 4 seconds. The trigger signal formed with comparison machine 103 is connected to both the 1st sample hold circuit and a one shot through line 117. a trigger signal -- a high state -- the time of directing that the intermediary and the instantaneous pressure power differential coefficient signal exceeded the rate-of-change Threshold hold exactly The 1st sample hold circuit samples the pressure signal sent through line 27, it can come, simultaneously a one shot makes the output pulse for 4 seconds (low state) start. The output signal of a one shot is sent to the 2nd sample hold circuit through line 129, and this samples a pressure signal similarly in 4 seconds. The signal outputted by 1st sample hold circuit 121 is added with the selected right voltage level which was sent to adding machine 133 through line 131, and was sent through line 135 from potentiometer 137. This voltage level expresses the least amount which a pressure signal must increase during the time for 4 seconds, in order to detect fluid osmosis. Comparison machine 139 compares the output signal of an adding machine with the signal outputted in 2nd sample hold circuit 123. In particular, the output signal of an adding machine is sent to the negative input terminal of a comparison machine through line 141, and the output signal of the 2nd sample hold circuit is sent to the positive input terminal of a comparison machine through line 143. When the signal of a sample hold circuit is larger than the signal of an adding machine, the pressure of fluid pipe 17 is the amount of regulations (75cmH) during the time for 4 front seconds.₂O) It increases above and, so, it is presumed that fluid osmosis arose. And [ of the signal outputted with comparison machine 139 ] is carried out to the-izing signal which is sent to and gate 147 through line 45, and is sent through line 63 from pouring flow detector circuit 41 (Drawing 1) and which can be high injection flow intravenous operated. When both the input signals of this and gate are high levels, a high level signal is generated by this Akudo gate, and this is sent to the data input terminal of flip flop 155 through line 153. The clock pulse signal for carrying out this flip flop at the time of Tone appears after a short time which the time for 4 seconds ends, and the output signals of a comparison machine and an and gate are a stable state and intermediary To have at this time. Although this clock pulse signal is sent to the clock terminal of a flip flop through line 149, this answers the one shot pulse sent through line 129 from one shot 125 for 4 seconds, and occurs by clock pulse one shot 151. Subsequently, a flip flop generates an alarm signal and this is outputted through line 97. Now, one example of artery osmosis detector 35 of Drawing 1 is shown to Drawing 5 by the easy circuit diagram. Fundamentally, this circuit uses preferably as water the average pressure signal which should correspond to a patient's mean-arterial-pressure power, and a pressure signal outputs an alarm signal to line 157 from this Threshold hold as compared with the positive Threshold hold of the regulation which is about 60 cm at the time of lower Ivy. Especially artery osmosis detector 35 shown in Drawing 5 is provided with 0.1-Hz low-pass filter 159 and comparison machine 161. This filter carries out wave filtration of the pressure signal sent through line 27, and forms a mean-arterial-pressure power signal. This signal is sent to the negative input terminal of a comparison machine through line 163. A Threshold hold positive [ regular ] is sent to the positive input terminal of a comparison machine through line 165 from the wiper of potentiometer 167. During normal operation when needle 19 is inserted suitable for a patient's artery, a mean-arterial-pressure power signal exceeds the Threshold hold selected with the potentiometer, and a comparison machine outputs the signal of a negative level. On the other hand, when a needle is not inserted suitable for a patient's artery but fluid osmosis has arisen, a mean-arterial-pressure power signal does not exceed a Threshold hold, but a comparison machine outputs the signal of a right level. In order to remove the influence of a patient's heart beat substantially, a zone width of about 0.1 Hz is preferred as a low-pass filter. And [ of the signal outputted with comparison machine 161 ] is carried out to the-izing signal which was sent to and gate 171 through line 169, and was sent through line 45 and which can be artery operated. When both signals are right levels, an and gate outputs a right level signal. The output signal of this and gate is sent to Latchch 175 through line 173, this Latchch generates an alarm signal, and this is outputted through line 157. Now, the easy circuit diagram of another example of artery osmosis detector 35 shown in Drawing 1 is shown in Drawing 6. In this example, fluid osmosis in a human body organization different from a patient's artery system is detected by supervising a pressure signal so that lack of the pressure variation which arises by a patient's heart beat may be detected. Especially artery osmosis detector 35 of Drawing 6 is provided with 0.1-Hz high pass filter 177, It was level detector 179 with a hysteresis, frequency discriminator 181, and comparison machine 183. A high pass filter carries out wave filtration of the pressure signal sent through line 27, and removes the direct-current level, and it lets only the pulse of the following Every showing a patient's heart beat pass. A heart beat pulse appears in a pressure signal, when fluid pipe 17 and needle 19 (Drawing 1) are directly connected to a patient's artery system. The signal by which high region wave filtration was carried out is sent to a level detector through line 185, and this detector changes this signal into the pulse sequence signal corresponding to it. The size of a level detector is about 15 cmH at least.₂Only a pulse which is O is detected. A series of pulses formed by a level detector are sent to frequency discriminator through line 185, and this discrimination machine forms the output signal that a level is proportional to the frequency of that input signal. Therefore, when needle 19 is inserted suitable for a patient's artery system, a heart beat appears in a pressure signal and frequency discriminator 181 outputs the signal of a comparatively high voltage level. On the other hand, when the needle is not inserted appropriately as for the patient's artery system, a heart beat does not appear in a pressure signal, but frequency discriminator outputs the signal of comparatively a low level. The output signal of a discrimination machine is sent to the negative input terminal of comparison machine 183 through line 187, and this comparison machine is compared with the selected Masaki semi- level on which this signal is sent to that positive input terminal through line 189 from potentiometer 191. Therefore, in the output signal of frequency discriminator, a comparison machine outputs a right voltage level to a lower Ivy case from this standard level. As for a standard level, it is preferred that it is equivalent to the pulse frequency for about 15 beats /. And [ of the signal outputted with comparison machine 183 ] is carried out to the-izing signal which is sent to and gate 195 through line 193, and is sent through line 45 and which can be artery operated. When both the inputs to an and gate are right levels, it is presumed that artery osmosis arose, an and gate outputs the signal corresponding to it, and this is sent to Latchch 199 through line 197. Subsequently, this Latchch outputs an alarm signal and this is sent to alarm 29 (Drawing 1) through line 157. Pipeline interception detector circuit 37 is shown by the easy circuit diagram for Drawing 7. This circuit supervises the pressure signal sent through line 27, and detects the air bubbles formed in fluid pipe 17 of the leak of fluid, i.e., interception of a pipeline, or the pipe of perfusion pump 13 and patient 11. If a circuit detects such a state, an alarm signal will be outputted and this will be sent to alarm 29 through line 201. during normal operation when needle 19 is appropriately inserted in a patient's vein or artery, a pressure signal (Drawing 8 b) is attenuation -- enough -- a state, i.e., the state where it decreased strictly, is shown. Each pulse has a terminal part decreased exponentially including the positive pressure pulse to which this signal continues immediately after each pulse of a motor Stepping signal (Drawing 8 a). It is because a little pouring fluid is carried away by a patient's artery or vein. On the other hand, when a pipeline interception state exists, a pressure signal (Drawing 8 c) shows an attenuation insufficient state. Each pulse of a motor Stepping signal makes fluid pressure produce the first increase, and pressure decreases momentarily to a level lower than the level before the above-mentioned pulse occurs immediately after that. Fundamentally, pipeline interception detector 37 detects generating of a pipeline interception state by [ which arise in a pressure signal following each pulse of the attenuation insufficient characteristic of a pressure signal, i.e., a motor Stepping signal, ] going too far, namely, detecting ringing. Especially the pipeline interception detector is provided with 3-Hz high pass filter 203, and positive peak detection and hold circuit 205. A high pass filter carries out wave filtration of the pressure signal sent through line 27, and removes the direct-current level, and it lets the frequency relevant to each step of perfusion pump 13 pass. The signal by which wave filtration was carried out is sent to peak detection and a hold circuit through line 209, and the circuit outputs a level equal to the positive peak of a signal. Although a peak detection circuit is reset by each pulse of the motor Stepping signal sent through line 21, this circuit can contain the diode by which series connection was carried out, and the capacitor by which is provided after that and ground connection was made, for example. The signal outputted by positive peak detection and hold circuit 205 is sent to widening machine 213 through line 211, and is widened in the regular amount of fractions, for example, -2/3. This widened signal works as a Threshold hold for comparing with the pressure signal by which high region wave filtration was carried out in comparison machine 215. When a signal by which wave filtration was carried out is negatively larger than this Threshold hold, substantial ringing has arisen in a pressure signal. Therefore, it is presumed that a pipeline interception state exists. Especially the signal outputted with widening machine 213 is sent to the positive input terminal of a comparison machine through line 217, and the pressure signal by which high region wave filtration was carried out is sent to the negative input terminal of a comparison machine through line 209. The output signal of the comparison machine which arises by this is sent to Latchch 221 through line 219, this Latchch generates an alarm signal and this is sent to alarm 29 through line 201. Alarm 29 answers either of four alarm signals sent through lines 73, 97,157, and 201 from defective detector circuit 10. An alarm is provided with four inputs or a gate. The gate acts as Orr of the four signals (forming logical sum), and when one of signals is high levels, it operates a visible or audible indicator. The alarm equips the output stage of each detector of a defective detector circuit with the switch further used for clearing Latchch or a flip flop alternatively. Probably, it will be clearer than the above explanation the present invention's to provide the method relevant to the device and this which detect a defective state like fluid osmosis or pipeline interception in a parenteral supplementation system and which were improved. The device of the present invention is suitable for especially using for the system of a form provided with the pulse type perfusion pump which feeds parenteral fluid in increment to a patient's blood vessel organization through a fluid pipe and a needle. The device of the present invention supervises the pressure in a fluid pipe, detects the characteristic pattern showing fluid permeating a human body organization different from a patient's intravenous system or an artery system, and it detects the air bubbles and pipeline interception which arise in the fluid terminal area between a perfusion pump and a patient. That it can carry out by both hardware and software should also understand above-mentioned defective detector circuit 10 and pouring flow element 41. Although the present invention was explained in detail about the example considered to be desirable now, it will be understood by the person skilled in the art that a change of all sorts may be made, without deviating from the range of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention shall be prescribed by only the claim.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

Drawings 1 are a block diagram of the parenteral supplementation system provided with the circuit which detects intravenous osmosis, artery osmosis, and fluid pipe way interception, and Drawing 2, The easy circuit diagram of the low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector contained in the system of Drawing 1, and Drawing 3 a to f, The figure and Drawing 4 showing a series of waveforms which appear in the intravenous osmosis detector of Drawing 2, The easy circuit diagram of the high injection flow intravenous osmosis detector contained in the system of Drawing 1, and Drawing 5, The easy circuit diagram showing one example of an artery osmosis detector suitable for using for the system of Drawing 1, and Drawing 6, c is a figure showing the waveform of a large number which appear in the pipeline interception detector of Drawing 7 from the circuit diagram for the pipeline interception detector contained in the system of Drawing 1 with the easy circuit diagram of another artery osmosis detector suitable for using for the system of Drawing 1, and simple Drawing 7, and Drawing 8 a. 10 ...... A defective detector circuit, 11 ...... A patient, 13 ...... A perfusion pump, 15 ...... A pump control device, 17 ...... A fluid pipe, 19 ...... A needle, 23 ...... A pressure transformer juicer, 25 ...... A widening machine, 29 ...... An alarm, 31 ...... A low pouring flow intravenous osmosis detector, 33 ...... [ ...... A mode switch, 41 / ...... A pouring flow detector circuit, 49 / ...... Frequency discriminator, 53 / ...... Comparison machine ] A high injection flow intravenous osmosis detector, 35 ...... An artery osmosis detector, 37 ...... A pipeline interception detector, 39