A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a metallic bellows.

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

[Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the manufacturing method and manufacture device of a metal bellows which are built in an accumulator etc.

[Description of the Prior Art] In the apparatus in which liquid and the compressed gas are stored in the inside of a housing like an accumulator, in order to divide liquid and gas, a metal bellows may be used. As a device for manufacturing this kind of bellows, bellows molding equipment 1 as shown, for example in Drawing 14 is proposed. Device 1 arranges mutually conventionally [ this ] rate type 4 of the number according to the number of pleats of the bellows which should be fabricated between fixed side holder 2 and movable side holder 3 in parallel. These models 4 and movable side holders 3 are movable to guides 5 and 6 in a Along illustration horizontal direction. Between mutually adjacent models 4 and 4, where return spring 7 is compressed, respectively, it is arranged, and each model 4 is made to be held in a prescribed position by the elasticity of return spring 7. Mukai or intermediary movement in fixed side holder 2 is possible for movable side holder 3 by driving means 8, such as an oil pressure cylinder. 9 is a liquid pressure generating unit. In order to manufacture this kind of conventional device 1 a Use bellows, as it is shown in Drawing 14, it is bulge forming liquid pressure P to the inside of element tube A by liquid pressure generating unit 9._aBy making it act, the part used as the pleat of a bellows is bulged outside. By operating driving means 8 in this state, as shown in Drawing 15, it is fixed liquid pressure P._bFixed side holder 2 is made to carry out intermediary movement of movable side holder 3 and the model 4 in Mukai, making it maintain. In order that the part which serves as a pleat of a bellows by carrying out like this may carry out plastic deformation to the shape of U at once, the bellows of specified shape is obtained.

[Problem(s) to be Solved by the Invention] In device 1, rate type 4 of a large number according to the number of pleats of the bellows and many return springs 7 are conventionally [ above-mentioned ] required. and all the models 4 -- guides 5 and 6 -- Along -- since it must enable it to slide smoothly, it is necessary to make the base of model 4, i.e., guides 5 and 6, and the part which fits in to some extent thick And when model 4 was made not much thin and bulge forming liquid pressure is applied, in order for excessive planar pressure to act on the fitting part of model 4 and guides 5 and 6, there is a limit in making model 4 thin naturally, and the space which returns between models 4 and 4 and stores spring 7 must be secured. Difficulty is followed on regulating Pitch between models 4 and 4 correctly. It is difficult for narrowing the distance between models 4 and 4 to have big restrictions from these reasons, and for Pitch between pleats to manufacture a small bellows, and it is Oh. Since it can use only when manufacturing one kind of specific bellows, in order to manufacture the bellows in which Pitch of a pleat differs from an outside diameter, conventional model 4 must use another model and model expenses attach it very highly again. Therefore, there is the object of the present invention in the small bellows of Pitch and the bellows in which it can manufacture without a problem and Pitch moreover differs from an outside diameter providing the manufacturing method and manufacture device of the metal bellows which can be manufactured using the same model while being able to fabricate the bellows of specified shape with sufficient accuracy using a small number of model.

[Means for solving problem] The present invention method developed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, While opening mutually the distance which is sufficient for fabricating a pleat in the direction of a tube axis and arranging the 1st model and 2nd model to the peripheral part of the direct tubular metal element tube as a material of a bellows, it is in the inside side of the above-mentioned element tube, To the local field over between the seal material provided in the position which counters the inner skin of the seal material provided in the position which counters the inner skin of the 1st model of the above, and the 2nd model, The local liquid pressure chamber in which the seal was carried out by an above-mentioned pair of seal material to the inner skin of the above-mentioned element tube is provided, It is the inner side of an element tube to bulge forming liquid pressure to the above-mentioned liquid pressure chamber. After bulging the part between the 1st model of the above-mentioned element tube, and the 2nd model outside by making it act, the forming step which moves these pairs of an of models in the direction brought close mutually, carries out plastic deformation of the part concerned of an element tube to the shape of section U, and fabricates a pleat is carried out, It is a manufacturing method of the metal bellows fabricating a plurality of pleats one by one by performing the material sending process of moving the above-mentioned element tube relatively only in the specified quantity in the direction of a tube axis after the above-mentioned forming step, and repeating this material sending process and the above-mentioned forming step by turns. A present invention device for enforcing a described method, A pedestal provided with a means to fix the above-mentioned element tube, and the seal sleeve inserted in the prescribed position inside this element tube from the opening end of the above-mentioned element tube, Seal A head which is provided in the tip side of the pressure supply core money passing through the inside of the above-mentioned seal sleeve, and is arranged inside the above-mentioned element tube, The seal means which makes the sealed liquid pressure chamber covering predetermined length to the inside side of an element tube by the seal material arranged between the above-mentioned seal sleeve and an element tube inside and between seal A head and an element tube inside, The 1st model and 2nd model that opened mutually the distance which is sufficient for fabricating a pleat in the peripheral part of the part in which the above-mentioned liquid pressure chamber is established, and are arranged, The bulge pressure supply means which swells the part between the 1st model of the above-mentioned element tube, and the 2nd model outside by supplying bulge forming liquid pressure to the above-mentioned liquid pressure chamber, The model driving means which fabricates a pleat by carrying out plastic deformation of the part between these types to the shape of section U making relative displacement carry out in the direction which the 1st model of the above and the 2nd model are made to approach mutually, A described [ above ] type is received in the element tube by which the above-mentioned pleat was fabricated, and the material informer stage to which the distance which is sufficient for fabricating the following new pleat is moved is provided.

[Function] While building the liquid pressure chamber sealed at the inside side of an element tube and filling liquid to this liquid pressure chamber by the above-mentioned seal means, the part between an above-mentioned pair of models is bulged outside by supplying bulge forming liquid pressure. And by moving these pairs of an of models in the direction brought close mutually, plastic deformation of the part used as the pleat of a bellows is carried out to the shape of U. In this way, if one or more pleats are fabricated, an element tube will be moved by the length which is sufficient for fabricating the following new pleat. If this sending process is completed, the liquid pressure chamber by the side of the inside of an element tube will be again sealed by the above-mentioned seal means. And while supplying bulge forming liquid pressure to this liquid pressure chamber again, a new pleat is fabricated by moving a pair of models in the direction made to approach mutually. When only the number of times according to the number of pleats of the bellows repeats the above forming step and the sending process of an element tube by turns, a bellows with the pleat of a predetermined number is fabricated.

[Example] One example of the present invention is described with reference to Drawings 1 thru/or 7 below. Bellows manufacture device 10 shown in Drawing 1 is a device which fabricates pleat B of a bellows using direct tubular metal element tube A which is the material of a bellows. The quality of the material and thickness of element tube A are not asked. The opening of the both ends of element tube A is carried out. This example device 10 is provided with pedestal 11 with the axis of an illustration horizontal direction. The illustration left half part of pedestal 11 is used as material supply stage 12, and the illustration right half part of pedestal 11 is used as bellows fabrication stage 13. Motor fitting part 15 and model fitting part 16 are provided in material supply stage 12. Servo motor 20 which equipped motor fitting part 15 with rotation position transducer 19 of reduction gears 18 is attached. Any of AC motor or a DC motor may be sufficient as servo motor 20. Ball screw mechanism 22 is established between the above-mentioned fitting parts 15 and 16. Ball screw mechanism 22 is provided with lead screw 23 prolonged in the illustration horizontal direction of an axis, i.e., the direction of pedestal 11, and movable object 24 screwed in this lead screw 23, and is constituted. It can be rotated by lead screw 23. If lead screw 23 is rotated by servo motor 20, according to the amount of rotations, movable object 24 will move in the direction of an axis of lead screw 23. Like a well-known rotary encoder, detector 19 generates the pulse of the number relevant to the amount of rotations of motor 20 of rotations, i.e., the amount of lead screw 23, and feeds it back to servo drive circuit 25. The above-mentioned good dynamic body 24 is provided in chuck mechanism 27. Chuck mechanism 27 fixes a base of element tube A. Movement to an illustration horizontal direction is enabled together with Along and the above-mentioned good dynamic body 24 at guide 28 provided in parallel with lead screw 23. these motors 20, ball screw mechanism 22, and drive circuit 25 -- material informer stage 29 for sending grade element tube A is constituted. It may constitute so that servo motor 20 and proper servo means other than ball screw mechanism 22 may be sent to Use and element tube A may be sent in the above-mentioned direction. The 1st model 31 is formed in model fitting part 16. Element tube insertion hole 32 (refer to the 2nd figure) of the inside diameter which is mostly in agreement with the outside diameter of element tube A is provided in this type 31 of central part. Inner circumference edge 33 by the side of the entrance of this hole 32 is formed in tapered shape in order to make element tube A easy to insert. It is made the rate type which can divide this model 31 into two in the diameter direction of element tube A, and if it enables it to divide model 31 when inserting element tube A, insertion of element tube A will become still easier. While liquid pressure supply block 41 is forced on supporter 40 formed in bellows fabrication stage 13 by the following drive mechanism 86, servo motor 44 provided with rotation position transducer 43 of reduction gears 42 is provided near the supporter 40. Any of AC motor or a DC motor may be sufficient as servo motor 44. Ball screw mechanism 50 is established between the above-mentioned supporter 40 and model fitting part 16. Ball screw mechanism 50 is provided with lead screw 51 prolonged in the direction of an axis of pedestal 11, and movable object 52 screwed in this lead screw 51, and is constituted. It can be freely rotated by lead screw 51 and it is connected with reduction gears 42 of servo motor 44 via joint 53. If lead screw 51 rotates, according to the amount of rotations, movable object 52 will move in the direction of an axis of lead screw 51. The rotation position of lead screw 51 is detected by detector 43. This detector 43 feeds back the pulse of the number relevant to the amount of rotations of motor 44 of rotations, i.e., the amount of lead screw 51, to servo drive circuit 54 like a well-known rotary encoder. These motors 44, ball screw mechanism 50, and drive circuit 54 grade constitute model driving means 55 for moving the 2nd model 65 of the following. Servo motor 44 and servo means other than ball screw mechanism 50 may be adopted. The above-mentioned good dynamic body 52 is provided in model holder 60 which has work extraction mouth 59 in a flank. Movement of model holder 60 in the direction of an axis of pedestal 11 is enabled together with Along and movable object 52 at guide 61 parallel to the above-mentioned lead screw 51. The 2nd model 65 is formed in the side [ left end / of model holder 60 /, i.e., counter the 1st model 31, / the side / illustration ]. Back Toppa 66 is provided in the other end side of model holder 60. Element tube insertion hole 67 of the slightly bigger inside diameter than the outside diameter of element tube A is provided in the central part of the 2nd model 65. the 2nd model 65 and back Toppa 66 -- each -- the structure in which two division to a diameter direction is possible -- intermediary To have. That is, as illustrated to Drawing 3, it consists of components 70 and 71 of one pair of right and left which can be divided into the diameter direction of element tube A, and it is constituted so that components 70 and 71 can be moved to the diameter direction of element tube A with drive mechanism 72 using an oil pressure cylinder etc. Cylindrical seal sleeve 75 inserted in the inside of model holder 60 is concentrically arranged with model holder 60. As for flange 76 provided in the back end of seal sleeve 75, movement of the direction of an axis is restrained by back Toppa 66. Therefore, this seal sleeve 75 is movable in the direction of an axis of guide 61 together with model holder 60. Compression spring 77 is provided between flange 76 and block 41. Pressure supply core money 80 is inserted in inside seal sleeve 75, enabling free movement in the direction of an axis of sleeve 75. Piston-like seal A head 81 is being fixed to the illustration left end side of this Mandrel 80 by Nut 82. The seal of between seal sleeve 75 and Mandrel 80 is carried out by seal material 83. The other end side of the above-mentioned core money 80 is combined with one so that there may be no leak by liquid pressure in liquid pressure supply block 41. The above-mentioned block 41 is connected with drive mechanisms 86, such as oil pressure or an empty pressure cylinder, by joint 85. With this drive mechanism 86, Mandrel 80 can be moved in the direction of an axis of sleeve 75 to model holder 60. As shown in Drawing 2, circular sulcus 90 in alignment with the peripheral direction of sleeve 75 is established in the position which counters the 2nd model 65 at the peripheral part of seal sleeve 75, and this circular sulcus 90 is equipped with 1st seal material 91. Circular sulcus 92 is established in the position which counters the 1st model 31 at the peripheral part of seal A head 81, and this circular sulcus 92 is equipped with 2nd seal material 93. These seal material 91 and 93 consists of elastomeric-properties objects, such as a urethane elastomer. And radiate holes 96 and 97 which lead to the inner circumference side of seal material 91 and 93 are provided in sleeve 75 and A head 81. These holes 96 and 97 are open for free passage to seal pressure supply liquid route 101 which meets in the direction of an axis of pressure supply core money 80. This liquid route 101 is connected to seal pressure supply hose 102, pressure intensifier 103, and the oil pressure servovalve 104 grade via liquid pressure supply block 41. The above-mentioned hose 102 is connected to the liquid pressure generating unit which is not illustrated. The pressure sensing signal outputted from pressure intensifier 103 is fed back to servovalve drive circuit 105. These liquid routes 101, hose 102, servovalve 104, and drive circuit 105 grade constitute seal pressure supply means 106. Local liquid pressure chamber 110 exists in the local field surrounded by seal material 91 and 93, sleeve 75, Mandrel 80, and A head 81 between the above-mentioned seal material 91 and 93 at the inside side of element tube A. This liquid pressure chamber 110 is open for free passage to bulge pressure supply liquid route 112 via hole 111 provided in Mandrel 80. This liquid route 112 is Along to the direction of an axis of Mandrel 80 as well as seal pressure supply liquid route 101. Bulge pressure supply liquid route 112 is connected to bulge pressure supply hose 113, pressure intensifier 114, and the oil pressure servovalve 115 grade via liquid pressure supply block 41. The above-mentioned hose 113 is connected to the liquid pressure generating unit which is not illustrated. The pressure sensing signal outputted from pressure intensifier 114 is fed back to servovalve drive circuit 116. These liquid routes 112 and hose 113, servovalve 115, and drive circuit 116 grade constitute bulge pressure supply means 117. Each drive circuit 25 and 54,105,116 is connected to central processing unit 122 via output interface circuitry 121. Data setting machine 125 and auxiliary storage unit 126 are connected to this arithmetic processing unit 122 via interface circuitry 123. As shown all over the 1st figure, while the 1st sensor 130 for detecting the diameter of a swelling of element tube A at the time of bulge forming is formed near the models 31 and 65, the 2nd sensor 131 for detecting the size of Pitch between the pleats after fabrication is formed. Although the kind of each sensor 130,131 is not asked, the line image sensor which used CCD, for example is used. The signal outputted from sensor 130,131 is inputted into central processing unit 122 via input interface circuitry 132. Next, an operation of the one example device of the above-mentioned composition is explained. retreating chuck mechanism 27 leftward [ illustration ] on material supply stage 12 -- the rear end part of element tube A -- chuck mechanism 27 -- therefore, it restrains. Instructions based on the data beforehand inputted into central processing unit 122, By servo motor 20 rotating only in the specified quantity, and rotating lead screw 23, as shown in Drawing 4, it passes along tip opening sides 31 and 65 of element tube A, and by the way, the predetermined initial position to seal sleeve 75 is stopped. If model 65 is changed into the state where it divided into the diameter direction, as [ show / in Drawing 3 ] at the time of this element tube insertion, element tube A can be inserted in easily. Model 65 is closed after insertion of element tube A. Model holder 60 and seal sleeve 75 of each other are held by back Toppa 66 in the predetermined position, and the position of the 2nd model 65 and seal material 91 corresponds. Seal material 93 of seal A head 81 is located inside the 1st model 31. Distance L between models 31 and 65 is length which is sufficient for fabricating a part for one pleat of a bellows. This distance L is adjusted when model holder 60 moves to a predetermined initial position by rotation of servo motor 44 which drives based on instructions from central processing unit 122. In the above-mentioned material sending process, pressure is not put on seal pressure supply hose 102. Therefore, seal material 91 and 93 is not forced on the inside of element tube A. There is local liquid pressure chamber 110 mentioned above in the inside side of element tube A, and the oil as an example of liquid is filled by this liquid pressure chamber 110. That is, when servovalve 115 is made to open by the instructions from central processing unit 122, it is low pressure P.₀namely, the oil of the pressure of the grade which is not made to transform element tube A -- bulge pressure supply hose 113, liquid route 112, and hole 111 -- a connoisseur -- intermediary liquid pressure chamber 110 is supplied. as the oil supplied to liquid pressure chamber 110 is shown by the arrow all over the 4th figure, while eliminating the remains air in liquid pressure chamber 110 -- between = between seal material 91 and 93 and the inside of element tube A with slight Extra oil -- a connoisseur -- intermediary flow To exit. For this reason, liquid pressure chamber 110 is filled with oil. Subsequently, it is pressure P when servovalve 104 of another side is made to open by the instructions from central processing unit 122.₁Oil -- seal pressure supply hose 102 and liquid route 101 -- a connoisseur -- it is added to the inner skin side of intermediary seal material 91 and 93. Since an outside diameter bends in the direction which becomes large and seal material 91 and 93 is close to the inside of element tube A by carrying out like this, respectively, liquid pressure chamber 110 is sealed. Next, it is pressure P by the instructions from central processing unit 122.₂Oil is supplied to liquid pressure chamber 110 through servovalve 115, bulge pressure supply hose 113, and liquid route 112. In this way, it is bulge pressure P to liquid pressure chamber 110.₂when kicked in But, it is shown in Drawing 5 -- as -- a curve with a loose part between models 31 and 65 -- Plan -- it is made like and bulges outside. Pressure P fixed in the place which this diameter of a swelling was detected by sensor 130, and swelled to the specified quantity₂Supply of oil is stopped, maintaining. It is fed back to central processing unit 122, it responds to this detection value, and the diameter of a swelling of element tube A detected by sensor 130 is oil pressure P.₂It Control. Therefore, it is very effective, when generating of the variation in the diameter of a swelling influenced by the thick variation of element tube A, etc. can be controlled and the accuracy of the outside diameter size of pleat B after fabrication is raised. And as shown in Drawing 6, when model holder 60 and seal sleeve 75 drive in the direction of an illustration arrow, the 2nd model 65 is moved in the direction close to the 1st model 31. Mandrel 80 and seal A head 81 are fixed. Pressure P of liquid pressure chamber 110₂It is maintained by the fixed value by Is servovalve 115. In this way, when the 2nd model 65 moves only a predetermined stroke in the direction of the 1st model 31, the part equivalent to a part for one pleat of the bellows which bulged between models 31 and 65 is compressed in the direction of an axis, and carries out plastic deformation to the shape of U. And when the 2nd model 65 is moved to the 1st model 31 to a prescribed position, the size of the direction of an axis of pleat B serves as the minimum. Pressure P to seal material 91 and 93 after the 1st pleat B is fabricated by passing through a series of above processes, while the pressure of liquid pressure chamber 110 is reduced to pressure with a low grade which is not made to transform zero or element tube A₁But zero or P₁also depending -- by being lowered to low pressure, the thrust to seal material 91 and 93 is reduced without release. Subsequently, while the 2nd model 65 is divided into a diameter direction, it is retreated to the initial position mentioned above. It can come, simultaneously servo motor 20 for element tube sending rotates only in the specified quantity by the instructions from central processing unit 122, and element tube A is advanced by the length which is sufficient for fabricating a part for the one following new pleat. A line intermediary To have period and bulge pressure supply means 117 are pressure P about this material sending process.₀By continuing supplying Oil to liquid pressure chamber 110, oil is continuing being filled inside liquid pressure chamber 110. After the above-mentioned material sending process is completed, while the 2nd model 65 is again closed by the instructions from central processing unit 122, it is seal pressure P to seal pressure supply hose 102.₁By being Is applied(ed), seal material 91 and 93 is close to the inside of element tube A. And it is bulge pressure P again.₂being added to Is a hydraulic chamber 110 -- a curve with a loose part between models 31 and 65 -- Plan -- new pleat B is fabricated by being bulged like and also the 2nd model 65 being moved in the direction of the 1st model 31. in this way, Pitch of fabricated pleat B -- sensor 131 -- therefore, it is detected. Since it is finely tuned so that it may be fed back to central processing unit 122 and the amount of sending of element tube A may serve as optimal value based on this detection value, this detection value is very effective when raising pitch accuracy. By repeating the above forming step and alternately with material sending, every one pleat B is fabricated, and as shown in Drawing 7, a plurality of pleats B are accumulated one by one. In the above-mentioned material sending process, if the amount of sending of element tube A is enlarged, Pitch between pleats B and B can be made large. If the move stroke of the amount of sending of element tube A and model 65 is made small, the outside diameter of pleat B' can be made smaller than pleat B like pleat B' shown all over the 8th figure. If the above operation is repeated and it finishes fabricating the predetermined number of pleats, while releasing bellows C after chuck mechanism 27 fabricating, when servo motor 20 rotates, chuck mechanism 27 will return to the initial position at the left end of illustration by the instructions from central processing unit 122. While it can come, simultaneously model 65 and back Toppa 66 grade open to a diameter direction, liquid pressure supply blocks 41 including seal sleeve 75 and pressure supply core money 80 are moved to the limit of the method of the illustration right by drive mechanism 86. Model holder 60 is as [ Stopped ]. In this way, since bellows C after fabrication is left even if it dashes against the right end inside model holder 60, it will be in the state where bellows C can be picked out from model holder 60. According to this example device 10, the data inputted into central processing unit 122 is set up suitably, Bellows C which changes as are shown in bellows C, and Drawings 11 or 12 which changes as are shown in Drawings 9 or 10 and Pitch is the direction of an axis and the outside diameter of pleat B is the direction of an axis can be fabricated. And since device 10 of this example can make model 65 thin enough, it can also manufacture the bellows of the minimum Pitch satisfactorily. Since the position of model 65 is correctly controllable, pleat B can be fabricated with sufficient accuracy. Fabricating a pleat can be continued as long as an element tube continues being supplied, in order to also fabricate a majority of every one pleats one by one. Therefore, a long picture bellows can also be manufactured from one element tube A, and does not need to connect a bellows by welding etc. It may be made to fabricate two pleats at a time in the present invention by providing 3rd model 65' between the 1st model 31 and the 2nd model 65, as shown in Drawing 13. 3rd model 65' is making the same shape as the 2nd model 65. In the present invention, water and other fluids are used instead of oil, and it is the above-mentioned seal pressure P.₁Ya bulge pressure P₂It may be made to make it load.

[Effect of the Invention] According to the present invention, bellows with many pleats can also be few, or can be fabricated with sufficient accuracy using a set of models, and can also fabricate the narrow bellows of Pitch of a pleat conventionally as compared with a device. There are big effects -- various bellows with the pleat which changes as Pitch and an outside diameter are the directions of an axis can also be manufactured using a common device.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

It is a side view in which Drawings 1 thru/or 7 show one example of the present invention, and Drawing 1 shows some bellows manufacture devices in a section, Drawings 3 are an expanded sectional view in which Drawing 2 shows some devices shown in Drawing 1, and a sectional view which meets - line in the 2nd figure, Drawings 5 are some sectional views of the device which Drawing 4 shows the state before bellows fabrication, and a sectional view of some devices in which the state where bulge pressure was given is shown, Drawings 7 are a sectional view showing a state in case Drawing 6 fabricates a pleat, and a sectional view showing the state after fabricating a pleat, each the sectional view and Drawings 9 or 12 in which Drawing 8 shows a state when a pleat with a small outside diameter is fabricated indicates the modification of a bellows to be, respectively -- a sectional view, The sectional view of the bellows manufacture device of the former [ in which showing in a section a part of example for which Drawing 13 used the 3rd model / the side view and Drawing 14 ], and Drawing 15 are sectional views showing the operation state of the device shown in Drawing 14. A ...... An element tube, B ...... A pleat, C ...... A bellows, 10 ...... A bellows manufacture device, 11 ...... A pedestal, 27 ...... A chuck mechanism (a means to fix an element tube), 29 ...... The material informer stage, 31 ...... The 1st model, 55 ...... A model driving means, 65 ...... The 2nd model, 75 ...... A seal sleeve, 80 ...... Pressure supply core money, 81 ...... Seal A head, 91 ...... the -- The seal material of one, and 93 ...... the -- The seal material of two, and 101 ...... a seal pressure supply liquid route and 106 ...... a seal pressure supply means and 110 ...... a local liquid pressure chamber and 112 ...... a bulge pressure supply liquid route and 117 ...... a bulge pressure supply means.