Liquid crystal electro-optical element

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

[Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal electrooptics element, and relates to the liquid crystal electrooptics element which used the electric control double reflex effect especially.

[Description of the Prior Art] The liquid crystal electrooptics element using the conventional electric control double reflex effect puts in negative nematic liquid crystal between two substrates generally provided with the transparent electrode, as shown in Drawing 5, on both sides of this cell, intersects perpendicularly and arranges a polarizing plate, respectively. Tilt(ing) a molecule of a liquid crystal only to a direction called the "Homeotropic direction", and receiving a substrate, when voltage is not impressed between electrodes of this liquid crystal electrooptics element -- abbreviated -- it is perpendicular. The incidence light can hardly pass a cell. If voltage suitable between electrodes is impressed, for abbreviated and its angle will be decided in the direction which the molecule of a liquid crystal comes out to the Homeotropic direction, and makes a certain angle by impressed electromotive force or excitation voltage. The intensity of the light which a part of incidence lights can pass a cell by that cause, and passes a cell is electrically controllable. In order that the structure of the liquid crystal cell using such an electric cost # double reflex effect may carry out those for Tilt arrangement near a homeotropic orientation in -a, after SiO etc. carry out method vapor deposition of slanting on a transparent electrode, it performs perpendicular orientation treatment further and holds the liquid crystal among these substrates. It is for making a liquid crystal molecule push down in the regular direction which exists when this impresses voltage, in order that this orientation treatment may usually give the pre Tilt angle about 0. 5~3# from a substrate method line.

[Problem(s) to be Solved by the Invention] However, the subject that mass production nature is bad and it is difficult to obtain a liquid crystal electrooptics element uniform and big moreover in order to use method vapor deposition films of slanting, such as SiO, in the conventional liquid crystal electrooptics element is Awesome. Then, the thing inclined to a substrate in the present invention instead of the method vapor deposition of slanting with bad mass production nature in the transparent electrode itself, receiving a transparent electrode in a liquid crystal molecule -- abbreviated -- make it stand perpendicularly -- the state for Arrangement equivalent to the time of this using the method vapor deposition film of slanting conventionally is acquired, and, moreover, it aims at obtaining broadly easily those for Arrangement which were excellent in the homogeneity which was difficult and existed, and mass production nature by the conventional method.

[Means for solving problem] The first substrate that the liquid crystal electrooptics element of the present invention equipped with the transparent electrode at least, In the liquid crystal electrooptics element consisting of the liquid crystal inserted between the second substrate provided with the transparent electrode, and two above-mentioned substrates, and a pair of polarizing plates arranged on both sides of them at both sides, the transparent electrode on the substrate of at least 1 side of the above-mentioned substrate inclines to a substrate. It had optical different direction objects other than the above-mentioned liquid crystal between an above-mentioned pair of polarizing plates. The inside of three main refractive indices N1o which the above-mentioned optical different direction object has, N2o, and N3e, and one certain refractive index N3e are other two refractive indices N Io. It is smaller than N 2o, and the axis corresponding to the refractive index N3e is characterized by being almost parallel to the above-mentioned substrate method line direction.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example shows the details of the present invention. (Example 1) The section expansion schematic illustration of the liquid crystal 1jl mind optical element in Example 1 of the present invention is shown in Drawing 1. As for one, a liquid crystal cell and 4 are bottom polarizing plates an upper part polarizing plate and 3 among a figure. As for two polarizing plates, the absorption axis has a relation of Klos Nicole who intersected perpendicularly mutually. The direction of an absorption axis of the upper part polarizing plate is making the adjoining pattern longitudinal direction of the electrode of the 1st substrate of a liquid crystal cell and the angle of 45 degrees. The 1st substrate 31 of a liquid crystal cell applies about 2 micrometers of photosensitive acrylic resins with a spinner on a substrate, applies photosensitive acrylics again with a spinner on Wandering patterned like 33 by photolitho, and also 33, patterns it by photolitho, and obtains an inclination. Various angles of the inclination of 34 can be chosen by changing the height of the pattern of 33. ITOII was formed on this and electrode pattern 35 was formed on the slope by photolitho. Next, the organic titanate mixture was applied and calcinated on this substrate. On the other hand, the 2nd substrate 32 patterned ITOII5 by photolitho, and was made to intersect perpendicularly with the electrode pattern of the 1st substrate mostly, and the application of an organic titanate mixture and calcination performed orientation treatment. this -- a 1st substrate top -- about -- the pre Tilt angle of 1'' was acquired for nearly perfect Homeome and those for Arrangement on () and the 2nd substrate. As liquid crystal 37, ZL Any 318 by Merck Co. was used. Especially this is the emitted deltaepsilon=-2*On type nematic liquid crystal Open 5 as an object for ECB. Rate of double reflex deltan is 0*1243, and set cell gap d as 5.6 micrometers. A contrast ratio of an obtained electrooptics element is about 1 in the direction of the cell method line : It is 90. A uniform and good contrast ratio was obtained by the whole. (Example 2) The section expansion schematic illustration of the liquid crystal electrooptics element in Example 2 of the present invention is shown in Drawing 2. As for an upper part polarizing plate and 2, a liquid crystal cell and 4 are bottom polarizing plates an optical isomer and 3 one among a figure. About cell structure, liquid crystal material, and a cell gap, it is the same as that of Example 1. As an optical opposite-sex object, the cellophane sheet (N 1 o= 1. 660, N20=1, 643, and N5e=1.500.about 4 micrometers in thickness) was used. Both substrates 31.32 performed orientation treatment by the application of monobasic carboxylic acid chromium complexes, such as a myristic acid chromium complex, and calcination. the homeotropic orientation (person It was.) nearly perfect on the 2nd substrate which acquires about 3-degree pre Tilt angle on the 1st substrate by this In Example 2, since optical isomer 2 was used, it is an effect equivalent to the liquid crystal element proposed by JP,62-210423,A, and the visual angle has been expanded. The contrast ratio of the direction of the cell method line is about 1 : - whose viewing angle range which can take l:5 or more contrast ratios by 70 was ±65 degrees in the up-and-down direction at the ±45 * horizontal direction (example 3) As for one, a liquid crystal cell and 4 are bottom polarizing plates an upper part polarizing plate and 3 among 0 figure showing the section expansion schematic illustration of the liquid crystal element in Example 3 of the present invention in Drawing 3. The direction of an absorption axis of the upper part polarizing plate is making the adjoining pattern longitudinal direction of the electrode of the 1st substrate of a liquid crystal cell and the angle of 451. After the 1st substrate 31 of a liquid crystal cell applies about 1 micrometer of photosensitive polyimide 4M fat with a spinner on a substrate and patterns it like 33 by photolitho, it applies photosensitive polyimide again with a spinner on 33, patterns it by photolitho, and obtains an inclination. Polyimide film 39 was formed as an overcoat belly for improving patterning nature of ITO on this, and also the ITO film was provided on this and electrode pattern 35 was formed on the slope by photolitho. Next, the organic titanate mixture was applied and calcinated on this substrate. On the other hand, created the 2nd substrate 32 as well as the 1st basis Fi31, and it is made opposite [ a slope ], and it assembled so that an electrode might intersect perpendicularly. The application of an organic titanate mixture and calcination performed orientation treatment. By this, on the 1st substrate, about 0.5-degree pre Tilt angle was acquired, and those for Arrangement which had a pre Tilt angle of about 0.5 @ also on the 2nd substrate were obtained. As liquid crystal 37, ZL Any 318 by Merck Co. was used. deltanis △epsilon=-2.Onepsilon Knee 2.On type nematic refractive index 0.1243 developed as an object for ECB, and especially this set cell gap d as 5.6 micrometers. A contrast ratio of an obtained electrooptics element is about 1:110 in the direction of the cell method line. A uniform and good contrast ratio was obtained by the whole. (Example 4) The section expansion schematic illustration of the liquid crystal electrooptics element in Example 4 of the present invention is shown in Drawing 4. As for one, an optical isomer, 3 liquid crystal cells, and 4 are bottom polarizing plates an upper part polarizing plate and 2 among a figure. About cell structure, liquid crystal material, and a cell gap, it is the same as that of Example 3. As an optical opposite-sex object, N 1 o= 1. 660, N2o=1 *643, N5e=1.500, and a cellophane sheet about 4 micrometers thick were used. Both bases ui31 *32 performed orientation treatment by the application of monobasic carboxylic acid chromium complexes, such as a myristic acid chromium complex, and calcination. By this, on the 1st substrate, about 2-degree pre Tilt angle was acquired, and those for Arrangement which had about 2-degree pre Tilt also on the 2nd substrate were obtained. In Example 4, since optical isomer 2 was used, it is an effect equivalent to the liquid crystal element proposed by JP,62-210423,A, and the visual angle has been expanded. The viewing angle range where the contrast ratio of the direction of the cell method line can take contrast ratio 1:5 abnormalities by abbreviation 1= 90 was ±70 degrees in the up-and-down direction at ±50 degreeC1 horizontal direction. One example of the present invention is shown, it is using photosensitive resin in this example, although an electrode slope is obtained, it is not limited to this, and the above-mentioned example can also make serve a double purpose and use a shading [ this ] mask using other resins or metal. Using as a color filter is also possible by using the resin into which dye or paints went ITO electrode electrode phase Fat layer. In this example, although carried out to obtaining a slope by being what patternized resin twice, if a slope is obtained even if it creates glass or an anisotropic material in the shape of an inclination directly, the same effect is expectable.

[Effect of the Invention] Since a slope can be formed by photolitho according to the present invention as stated above, it has the effect that those near for conventionally difficult Homeotrobic arrangement for Tilt arrangement can be obtained uniformly and broadly.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

Drawing 1 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal electrooptics element in Example 1 of the present invention. Drawing 2 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal electrooptics element in Example 2 of the present invention. Drawing 3 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal electrooptics element in Example 3 of the present invention. Drawing 4 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal electrooptics element in Example 4 of the present invention. Drawing 5 is a sectional view of the conventional liquid crystal electrooptics element. 1 Above (l!1 polarizing plate) 2 Optical isomer 3 Liquid crystal cell 4, a bottom polarizing plate 31 The 1st substrate 32 The 2nd substrate 33 * 34 * 36 * 37 * 38 * 39 * 40 * 41 * Resin patterned layer Slope pattern Transparent electrode Method vapor deposition film of slanting Liquid crystal The pre Tilt angle overcoat film of a liquid crystal molecule The film for perpendicular Arrangement Seal part Applicant Seiko Epson, Inc. Representative Patent attorney Yoshizo Suzuki part (other 1 person) != figure 4