Method of connecting or repairing base material and article

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

Use field Co on [industry The present invention relates to the method and article (namely, heater) which connect two long substrates or fix one long substrate.

[Description of the Prior Art] The conductive polymer composition and the instrument containing a conductive polymer are known well. :United States of America patent No. 2,952,761 by which the following are mentioned to the literature which indicated these, No. 2,978,665, No. 3,243,753, the 3.351st, No. 882, No. 3,571,777, No. 3,658,976, No. 3,757,086, The 3.793rd, No. 716, No. 3,823,217, No. 3,858,144, No. 3,861,029, No. 3,950,604, No. 4,017,715, No. 4,072,848, No. 4,085,286, No. 4,117,312, No. 4,151,126, No. 4,177.376, No. 4,177.446, No. 4,188,276, No. 4,237,441, No. 4,242,573, The 4.246th, No. 468, No. 4,250,400, No. 4,252,692, No. 4,255,698, the 4.271st, No. 350, No. 4,272,471, No. 4,304,987, No. 4,309,596, No. 4,309,597, the 4.314th, No. 230, No. 4,314,231, No. 4,315,237, No. 4,317,027, No. 4,318,881, No. 4,327,351, the 4.330th, No. 704, No. 4,334,351, No. 4,352,083, No. 4,361,799, The 4.388th, No. 607, No. 4,398,084, No. 4,413,301, No. 4,425,397, No. 4,426.339, No. 4,426,633, No. 4,427,877, No. 4,435,639, No. 4,429,216, No. 4,442,139, No. 4,459,473, No. 4,470,898, No. 4,481,498, No. 4,476.450, No. 4,502,929, No. 4,514,620, No. 4,517,449, No. 4,534,889, and No. 4,560.498; journal of applied polymer science (J) A.I. Artificial Intelligence) pliedPolymer 5cience, 19,813~815 pages (1975), Kula Son (K 1ason) and Qu Butt (Kubat) ; Polymer engineering and science (Polymer Engineering and 5cience), Upper 8,649~653-page (1978) Naked (Narkis) et al.; European Patent laying-open of application No. 38.713, No. 38,714, No. 38718, No. 74,281, No. 92,406, No. 119*807, No. 133,748, No. 134,145 of the first, No. 144,187, No. 157,640, No. 175,550 of the 158.410 No., No. 176*284:, and the Japan patent application public presentation No. 112.524 [ 59 to ]. The tube-like article containing conductive polymer material is indicated to European Patent laying-open of application No. 157,640. Electrode formation of the tube-like article of This - is carried out with the direction electrode of the circumference at one end of the A couplers so that current may flow along the length direction of A coupler. It can be used, in order that a heater may be heat recovery nature and may connect or fix a pipeline by few grades. Break other heat recovery articles containing conductive polymer material are indicated to be to the British patent No. 1,562,086 uses a plurality of field electrodes according to recovery of an article. A heat recovery article is an article made so that dimensional shape might change substantially, when heat treatment was given. Usually, although these articles are recovered from the shape which changed beforehand toward the original shape at the time of heating, even if the words and phrases which it "heat recovery nature" Comes to set on these specifications do not change beforehand, they will also include the article which takes a structure new at the time of heating. It is known that it is also preferred to use the conductive recovery article containing the material which shows the rapid rise of the resistivity in the PTC (resistivity positive temperature coefficient) effect, i.e., specific temperature, or the narrow temperature range. This temperature or the temperature range is known as a transformation or switching temperature. Generally, material is the recovery temperature of an article, or as a temperature slightly higher than the recovery temperature shows a rapid rise in heat, it is chosen. The PTC effect makes overheating the minimum and, as a result, makes the minimum what is called "thermal run-away" of material. The material which shows the PTC effect is generally called PTC material only.

[Elements of the Invention] These artificers found out whether a long substrate which uses conductive polymer material is combined or a new method of fixing, and an article. A tube-like article in which an electrode was formed in the length direction is used for a method of the present invention. An article may have the section closed even if it had the open section (wrap around). The opening of the tube-like article may be carried out at the end of one or both. The term a "wrap around" can be arranged around a substrate and means a cover which the length direction end is fixed to one and forms a dupe-like article around a substrate. [ as used herein ] This term does not include a tape twisted spirally. When an article is a wrap around, a mere flexible sheet may be included. Or articles may be a plurality of partial pieces, for example, two half shell. An article may be flexibility as wearing of an article is made easy. That are recovery nature easily and it can remove also has a preferred article. According to the 1st gist, the present invention is the method of connecting two substrates or fixing a breakage substrate, (a) Surround around a substrate so that a tube-like article which has at least two electric connection means to extend along the whole or some of the length direction of an article including conductive polymer material may be thermally contacted to a substrate, (b) Provide a method including connecting an electric connection means to a power supply, passing a substantial portion of current between electric connection means in parallel substantially to blood of an article, and this heating conductive polymer material, and pushing a conductive polymer article against a radial inner side toward the (c) substrate. Movement of a radial inner side may make it produce by recovery of conductive polymer material or use of a charge of an elastic material. The term as used herein "an electric connection means" may mean some articles which may mean an actual electrode or in which an electrode is attached conveniently. When all the long substrate connection or an article for fixing is heat recovery nature, it is preferred to recover so that a substrate which should be heated may be contacted thermally. It means [ "which is recovered so that it may contact thermally" ] being thermally in contact with a substrate, after recovering at least 1 portion of a heater (namely, article). Recovery may be performed electrically, for example, it may carry out by connecting an electrode to a power supply so that current may be sent through an article and an article may be heated. Or an article may be recovered by a non-electric means, for example, a heat gun. When an article is recovery nature electrically, a power supply which it is the same, is the same as for different voltage and/or current, or different may be used, an article is recovered, and, subsequently a substrate is heated. In one mode of the present invention, connection or repair can be performed by introducing heat softening material between conductive polymer material and a substrate. This heat softening material flows at the time of heating of conductive polymer material. Therefore, when two substrates should be connected, although it flows and a substrate can be combined mutually, heat softening material flows and can combine a substrate of one or both with the heater itself. When a substrate is damaged and it should fix, heat softening material flows so that it may be filled up, and/or it covers a breakage field. Heat softening material may be polymer and may be adhesives. When using heat softening material, heat softening material can be supplied with a form for which either was suitable. Heat softening material can be supplied as a piece of separation, or lining which covers an inner surface of an article partially or on the whole. In repair, it is convenient to supply as a separation patch arranged on a breakage field. When using heat softening material, the article itself may be removed after a flow of heat softening material. In order to remove an article easily, it is preferred to supply a peel member between heat softening material and conductive polymer material. In other modes, in order to connect a substrate with preferred their being whether two it collides or the inserted-in polymer, an article is used. Things of a substrate are [ that material of mutual or a heater and a dissolving constituent are included ] preferred so that it is fusion nature or it is a heater and fusion nature, and one constituent may carry out humidity to other constituents and a substrate may fuse mutually. When using an article in order [ two ] to collide, or to insert in and to connect a Crowded substrate, in order to prevent crushing of an inside substrate, it is preferred to use an insert member. The term "fusion" is larger than mechanical capability of a substrate, or it means that molecule compatibility sufficient between fusion ingredients which should connect exists so that combination which gives equal mechanical capability may form. This is the Jaye N Anand (J, N, A nand) work, Adhesion (passing viscoelasticity contact specified to the 16~22nd page in the 1.6~23rd page and Adhesion 2.1970 in the Adbesion moon and 1969) Or it can exist via molecular dispersion which crosses polymer / polymer interface so that a continuous concentration gradient to other polymer [ polymer / one ] may exist in an interface field. If it is a person skilled in the art, difficulty will not be taken to measure whether two sorts of constituents dissolve. A guideline about the compatibility of polymer is indicated to European Patent laying-open of application No. 157,640. As for a heater, when a substrate is fusion nature mutual, it is preferred to heat vibes to sufficient temperature to produce fusion between substrates. A heater may be neglected in the position after fusion. This gives mechanical reinforcement or environmental protection. Or a heater may be removed. When the heater material itself dissolves with material of a substrate, a heater is fused to a substrate at the time of heating, and cannot be removed easily. A tube-like article of the present invention can be used in order to, connect or fix a pipe, a cable, or other long substrates for example. It may be used in order to connect a pipe-like structure to a cable. For example, it may be used in order to connect a cable which passes a partition to a Spigot pipe which extends from a partition. As for an article used in a method of the present invention, it is preferred that it is a wrap around, and including that a method of the present invention stations Crozier and forms a wrap around on Heatago to a closed section tube has preferred things. It is thought that the wrap around article itself is patentable according to the present invention. According to the 2nd gist, the present invention can connect current of a substantial portion to a power supply so that it may pass in parallel substantially to a field of an article between electric connection means, At least two electric connection means to heat conductive polymer material and to extend along the whole or some of the length direction of an article, A wrap around tube-like article which has the Crozier means for closing a wrap around including conductive polymer material which has an electrode preferably is provided. In one mode whose article is a wrap around, an article contains two or a portion beyond it connected by two or Crozier beyond it. All the portion or some portions may be conductivity. Similarly, all the portion or some portions may be heat recovery nature. Some portions may be elasticity. All the portions may have a size which is the same or different. Some examples are shown below. One mode uses two half shell connected by two Crozier. Both half shell is heat recovery nature, and conductive polymer (that is, it can generate heat) material which can be heated is included electrically. Another mode uses two half shell connected by two Crozier. One half shell is heat recovery nature, and includes electrically conductive polymer material which can be heated. Other half shell may be heat stability, may be non-conducting, or may be these both. Other modes use two half shell connected by two Crozier. One half shell is heat stability and includes conductive polymer material. Other half shell contains an elastomer. When using Crozier in a wrap around article, an electric power supply may be performed via Crozier. When two Crozier exists, an electric power supply can be performed via both Crozier. When Crozier is only one, an electric power supply was laid under Crozier and the heater, or may be performed via other electrodes on the surface of a heater. In the present invention, power of going to a radial inner side is applied so that a conductive polymer may be forced on a substrate and may be contacted. This is required in order to perform connection or repair of a substrate. For example, power is applied using heat recovery material as a conductive material, or by using an elastomer. In an article of the present invention, wall thickness of an article may change along the length direction of an article. A layer beyond two or it of various materials may be used. It is the 2nd or an additional layer may extend covering a part of full length covering full length of an article. These layers may have electric nature of the 1st material, whether it is the same or different electric nature, for example, room temperature resistivity, and resistivity / temperature action. For example, a layer beyond the 2nd or it may change including material which shows the conventional PTC action. Since an additional layer supplies an additional material into which current may flow, I hear that an effect of an additional layer supplies additional heating. By choosing resistivity of material of an additional layer appropriately, heating higher than a case where thickness of the 1st material is increased to same thickness is attained. * In order to, decrease time of recovery in a field which changes for example, or when high temperature is required, this is convenient and there is. Therefore, in a desirable mode, the 2nd or a layer beyond it which is made of a different material from the 1st material is added to a selected field. Similarly, thermal load in various parts of an article can be changed by making it change, for example, adjusting adhesives on a part of an article, or thickness of sealant. A portion with the thickest adhesives takes the longest time to heat, and heating quantity of a portion changes. . Other examples which use two layers of a different material are when character which changes, for example, fire retardancy, solvent-proof nature, abrasion resistance, electrical insulation properties, shock resistance, and an arrival-color for discernment are required. When using two or a layer beyond it, separately, these may be applied by sequential extrusion or may be applied by simultaneous extrusion. Material for which either was suitable can be used as a conductive polymer material. As for material, it is preferred easy wearing and that it is flexibility as removal of a heater will be enabled, if it requires. "Flexibility" means material which can curve around a 4-inch mandrel, preferably a 1-inch mandrel by people's hand. In some modes, things of an article are [ that material which has the Pseudo PTC effect that a Pseudo PTC ratio (ratio to 25 degree/ of peak resistivity / C resistivity) is 1.5~lO is included ] preferred. An example of material for which it was suitable is indicated to the British patent application 8814'No. 688 and No. 8729123. A definition of a Pseudo PTC ratio is written in these specifications. A suitable example of material which can be used is 59.7 weight sections about Elpax (E 1vax) 770 (EVA which it is supplied by E. I. du Pont de Nemours, and are 9*5 weight sections of acetic acid vinyl contents, and melt flow index 0.8), An example for which 39.8 weight sections and an antioxidant were included at 0.5 weight section, and prestige was suitable in PAL can (Vulcan) P [carbon black currently supplied by Cabot Corp. (Cabot Corporation)], Come out and it is (here, a proprietary name shows polymer and carbon black). Use polymer is as follows. Marex HXM50100 is HDPE currently supplied by Philips (Phillips). Elpax 460 is EVA currently supplied by E. I. du Pont de Nemours. Sufurea lID-1 is LLDPE currently supplied by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Canada. PAL can P1 Ensaco MS and Cebarco nickel1O are supplied by Cabot Corp., Ensagly Puirebroc (Ensagri Willebroek) NV, and Cebarco (Sevalco L'td), respectively. the desirable Pseudo PTC effect (setting this into a standard PTC material -- also depending -- low.) is committed so that overheating of a specific field may be made into the minimum. An article has the electrical property of an article indicated to a patent application (1) for which the British patent application No. 8814688 and Raychem A/S applied on September 8, Showa 63. An article of the present invention is laminated, it can be partially extended to ~ [ X% of ] Y% at least so that heat recovery nature may be used, in at least 1 portion of an extended partition, it is measured in the direction of current, and includes conductive polymer material which has the resistivity which decreases at the time of extension. Other articles of the present invention are heat recovery nature, are crossed to the temperature range of 20-degreeC~Te (extrapolation end temperature measured according to ASTM D3418-82), are measured in the direction of current, and include conductive polymer material which has the resistivity which increases at the time of recovery. Other articles of the present invention have what is called a Pseudo PTC ratio (peak resistivity = 25 degreeC resistivity) of 1.5~10, and they are connected to an electrode so that current may flow in parallel with a field of an article. An article is extended so that recovery nature may be used, and as for resistivity of a constituent of an article, it is preferred to decrease, when extended by 25% or more than it. Like the conventional PTC effect, when one field gets hot, the resistivity increases, and the Pseudo PTC effect carries out "switch-off" and means that current goes to an adjoining field. Current flows through all the * circumferences of a heater for an electrode form. This means that heating and current to an adjoining field are held conveniently, when one peripheral region carries out switch-off temporarily. Other advantages of an electrode form are being able to form a heater with a long size. In a desirable mode of the present invention, an electrode approaches at the time of recovery. Thereby, a resistance way between electrodes decreases. However, when [ desirable ] material has the resistivity which decreases reversibly at the time of extension, resistivity of material increases simultaneously. This increase in resistivity helps to compensate resistance way reduction. It is in the beginning or a tendency for the shunt of the current to be carried out from a field recovered most, according to this feature. It may be used so that current may affect a field which went first. This is indicated to the above-mentioned patent application (1) of Raychem A/S. More than transformation temperature of a constituent, a substantial portion of current flows into a field of an article in parallel substantially especially. It is preferred that current flows through a course between electrodes directly. In the present invention, especially when using a desirable material indicated to British patent Morning No. 8814688, it is preferred to attain at least 2:l, 3:I, or a recovery ratio of 4:1. This means that there may be little variety. It becomes possible to fix a substrate of connecting a substrate of a different diameter, or an uneven diameter. When it is an electrode which extends along the length direction of an article, an electric connection means may be on the surface of a wall of an article, or may be laid under the wall of an article. or a conductive polymer which extends along the length direction of an article -- preferably it may be laid under a surface top of a flange of heat stability, or the flange. These flanges may be projected from an article in the direction of the outside, or the direction of an inner side from an article, or may be both these. These arrangements are indicated to the British patent application No. 8810522. When an electrode extends along with a part of full length of an article, or full length, it is preferred to give compensation to an end of an electrode toward a center of an article (increase resistance). If there is no such compensation, current concentration at the point exists. This is indicated to the British patent application No. 8723760. A pair of different polar electrodes or two or more pairs of electrodes may exist. For example, two or more pairs of long electrodes may be arranged around an article.

[Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention] Hereinafter, with reference to an accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained concretely. Drawing 1 is a sectional view showing article 2 * recovered after connecting between two polymer pipes 16 and 18. (Having recovered ° of the shoulder of a number is shown) Pipes 16 and 18 become mutually from the material which is fusion nature. When current flows through 2 degrees of articles, pipe 16 and I8 are heated, and on collision surface 20, they flow and it fuses them. 2 degrees of articles are removed as occasion demands after fusion. Reinforcement can be given if held. In another mode shown by Drawing 1, pipes 16 and 18 do not necessarily need to be fusion nature mutual, and are fusion nature the material of 2 degrees of articles, and mutual. In this case, 2 degrees of articles fuse with each pipe 16 and 18 in interface 22 with heat around surface ones outside each pipe 16 and 18. Drawing 2 is a sectional view showing other modes which flowed in adhesives liner 24 on a heater, closed heater 2 degree to pipes 16 and 18, and have connected pipe 16 and pipe 18 with 2 degrees of heating articles recovered electrically. Drawing 3 is a sectional view showing other modes in which adhesives liner 24 fuses and flows and closes hole 26 of breakage pipe 28 by heating article 2 * recovered electrically. Drawing 4 is a sectional view showing heater 2 degree recovered on the terminal area between two polymer pipes 32 and 34. Pipes 32 and 34 have a different diameter. Pipes 32 and 34 insert in and it is Be crowded so that it may be located inside pipe 32 of a diameter with a big terminal part of pipe 34. Pipes 32 and 34 include the material of fusion nature mutually. When current flows through article 2 *, pipes 32 and 34 are heated, and insertion 40 is used so that 10 inner-side vibes 34 flowed and fused on overlap surface 36 may be prevented from being crushed. In another mode shown in Drawing 4, pipes 32 and 34 are fusion nature the material and mutual. [ which are 2 degrees of articles ] In this case, 2 degrees of articles fuse to each pipe 32 and 34 in interface 38 with heat. Drawing 5 is a perspective view showing 2 degrees of recovered articles which have two half shell 42 and 44 of a conductive heat recovery polymer material. Half shell extends in the edge which faced each other in the length direction, and has standup rail 46 joined by Vannel Crozier 48. The bottom which is 2 degrees of articles has separation patch 50 of heat softening material. If 2 degrees of conductive polymer materials generate heat by sending current, batch 50 will flow. Batch 50 which flowed fixes the breakage field of the polyethylene cable jacket of substrate 52. Patch 50 of heat softening material is chosen so that it may have a suitable size according to the size of the repair to perform. When it is preferred to remove a heater after repair, a release coated paper (not shown) may be arranged between 2 degrees of articles, and heat softening material 50. (It is metal) Current is supplied to the conductive polymer material of 2 degrees of articles through channel 48. In order to improve the conductivity of conductive polymer material, a silver paint strip (not shown to Drawing 5) may be applied to the surface outside a rail. Drawing 6 (a) ~ (C) is a sectional view showing some modes which attached the electrode in a wrap around heater. The mode (a) is the same as that of Drawing 5. Two No-Fusel 42 and 44 are combined by Crozier 48 who supplies electric power. Numerals 52 show a silver paint terminal area. In a mode (b), only one wrap around part 54 closed by channel 48 exists. One electrode is supplied by channel 48 and silver paint 52. Other electrodes 56 are laid under the side which a tube shaped part article faces by wrap around parts. In a mode (C), only one wrap around part combined by Crozier 48 exists. Both electrodes are laid under the side which a tube shaped part article faces by conductive polymer material. In the mode shown in Drawings 5 and 6 (a), both Berhunhel 42 and 44 include heat recovery conductive polymer material. In another mode, only one half shell may be heat recovery nature and/or conductivity. - Only the edge side is what may recover and/or generate heat. However, in the use which changes, this carries out raw [ of required pressing force and generation of heat ], and is not enough for Sari and To. In other modes, one half shell is elasticity and other half shell is conductivity (it may be heat recovery nature by a case). In this case, elastic half shell produces pressing force and conductive half shell produces required generation of heat. One or both half shell are possible also for the mode which are heat recovery nature, conductivity, and/or elasticity. Two half shell may be replaced with the parts exceeding two, namely, many segments may be used. It may have a size which is [ as for a segment ] the same in all the cases, or different. The typical size of the article of the present invention is as follows; * extrusion thing (before extension) 4-mm extension thing in thickness 1 mm in thickness Length 2 In Inside Diameter Central Value 1 Am and Some Uses Which were Recovered Central Value 5Co+~1M in Connection of 5 Cm-Several Meter1 Cable or Pipe, it is Present Invention to Central Value of 50 Cm, The matter indicated to patent application (1) (4) ~ by this application, the patent application (1) by these people for whom it applied on the same day, (2), and Raychem A/S is included as a part of indication of the present invention.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

Drawing 1 is a figure showing the heat recovery article of the present invention used in order to heat and connect a polymer pipe, and is Drawing 2, The figure and Drawing 3 showing the heat recovery article of the present invention used so that adhesives may be activated, in order to connect a polymer pipe, The figure and Drawing 4 showing the article which the present invention used in order to fix a pipe recovered, The figure and Drawing 5 showing the article which the present invention used in order to connect the polymer pipe of a different diameter recovered, The figure showing the wrap around article of the present invention which has a heat softening batch in order to fix a cable, and Drawing 6 are figures showing some modes of the wrap around article in which the states of the electrode differed. 2 * ... Article (Heater), 16.18.28, 32.34 [ ... A rail, 48.54 / ... Crozier, 50 / ... Patch ] ... A pipe, 24 ... Adhesives lining, 42.44 ... Half shell, 46 Applicant for a patent Raychem Li Miterado substitute People patent attorney Pale white The one-person written amendment (spontaneity) Commissioner of JPO besides A The method and article 3 which will connect or fix 17 days two of lO moons, and the name substrate of an invention in Showa 63, those who do amendment Relation with an incident Applicant for a patent Address England [, Britain, ] and London easy 4 and l NL, Fetter Lane, Rolls Royce Buildinge Geg No. 7, the Rolls Royce house name The Raychem Limited 4, representative 6, the object of amendment: DRAWINGS