Dynamic virtual articulator and related method and program
14 claims: 5 independent, 9 dependent
- 1患者に対する1つ以上の歯の修復のコンピュータ支援設計を行うときに、歯の咬合をシミュレートするための動的仮想咬合器を使用することについてのコンピュータ実装方法であって、該方法は、 前記動的仮想咬合器を提供するステップであって、前記動的仮想咬合器は、該患者の口の上顎および下顎にそれぞれ似ている、前記上顎の仮想3次元モデルおよび前記下顎の仮想3次元モデルを含む、ステップと、 動的咬合をシミュレートするために、相互に対する仮想上顎と仮想下顎との移動を提供するステップであって、それにより、前記仮想上顎の歯と前記仮想下顎の歯との間に衝突が起こる、ステップと、 を含み、該方法は、 前記仮想上顎の前記歯と前記仮想下顎の前記歯とが、前記衝突において相互の仮想表面を貫通することを阻止され、1つ又は複数の修復が貫通可能であることを提供するステップをさらに含む、コンピュータ実装方法。
- 2当該方法は、前記1つ以上の歯の修復の同時モデル化と、前記仮想上顎と仮想下顎との衝突試験とをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 3当該方法は、前記仮想上顎 を咬 合軸に固定することをさらに含み、それにより、前記仮想下顎が前記仮想上顎に対して移動するように構成される、請求項1または2に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 4当該方法は、前記仮想下顎が、前記仮想上顎に対する移動の少なくとも1つの所定の経路を通って自動的に動くように構成されることをさらに含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 5衝突を引き起こす前記1つ以上の歯の修復の一部は、それぞれの仮想顎から自動的に除去されるように構成される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 6当該方法は、前記仮想上顎および前記仮想下顎に対して仮想整列面を位置付けることをさらに含み、前記仮想上顎および前記仮想下顎は、一組の歯の仮想モデルを画定し、当該方法は、 前記仮想整列面および前記仮想上顎および前記仮想下顎を可視化するステップと、 1つ以上のパラメータに基づいて、相互に対して前記仮想整列面と前記仮想上顎および前記仮想下顎とを自動的に位置付けるステップと、 を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 7前記パラメータのうちの1つ以上は、前記患者の顔弓測定から導出され、前記顔弓は、前記歯 の上 弓の印象を提供するための印象材を有するバイトフォークを含み、当該方法は、顔弓に対する前記バイトフォークの位置および配向を決定することをさらに含み、当該方法は、 前記歯の 前記上 弓の 前記印象のスキャンおよび前記バイトフォークのスキャンを提供するために、前記印象とともに前記バイトフォークをスキャンすることをさらに含む、請求 項6に 記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 8当該方法は、相互に対する前記仮想上顎と前記仮想下顎との前記移動の際に、歯の間で起こる全ての衝突が登録され、該移動が終了した後に、前記修復の衝突点のモデル化が行われることをさらに含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 9当該方法は、前記設計された修復が、 対向する 仮想顎と衝突するとき、貫通可能となることを阻止されることを提供することを含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 10当該方法は、前記衝突 した 表面のトレースを登録することと、前記衝突 した前記 表面に基づいて歯の物質を自動的に切り取ることとを含む、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 11患者に対するコンピュータ支援歯列矯正治療計画を行うときに、歯の咬合をシミュレートするための動的仮想咬合器を使用することについてのコンピュータ実装方法であって、該方法は、 仮想上顎として画定される上顎を含む仮想3次元歯モデルと、仮想下顎として画定される下顎を含む仮想3次元歯モデルとを含む前記動的仮想咬合器を提供するステップであって、前記仮想3次元歯モデルは、前記患者の口の前記上顎および前記下顎にそれぞれ似ている、ステップと、 動的咬合 のシミュレーションの ために、相互に対する前記仮想上顎と前記仮想下顎との移動を提供するステップであって、それにより、前記仮想上顎の歯と前記仮想下顎の歯との間に衝突が起こる、ステップと、 を含み、該方法は、 前記仮想上顎の前記歯と前記仮想下顎の前記歯とが、前記衝突において相互の仮想表面を貫通することを阻止されることを提供するステップと、前記咬合 の シミュレーションに基づいて咬合コンパスを生成するステップとをさらに含み、 前記咬合コンパスは、前記歯の上の異なる色によって、次の方向の移動を示し、該方向は、 突出と、 後退と、 右への外側偏位と、 左への外側偏位と、 右への内側偏位と、 左への内側偏位と、 右への外側後上方偏位と、 左への外側後上方偏位と、 を含む、コンピュータ実装方法。
- 12前記患者の口のCTスキャンが生成され、該患者の口の仮想3Dモデルは、前記CTスキャンに基づいて自動的に生成され、咬合は、前記 CTスキャンによる前記仮想 3 Dモ デルに基づいてシミュレートされるように構成される、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 13相互に対する前記仮想上顎と前記仮想下顎と移動との移動を記録し、修復をモデル化する前および/または後に、前記モデル化を試験するように前記記録を再生できる、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載のコンピュータ実装方法。
- 14患者に対する1つ以上の歯の修復のコンピュータ支援設計を行うときに、歯の咬合をシミュレートするための仮想咬合器システムであって、該システムは、 該仮想咬合器を提供するための手段であって、該仮想咬合器は、該患者の口の上顎および下顎にそれぞれ似ている、前記上顎の仮想3次元モデルおよび前記下顎の仮想3次元モデルを含む、手段と、 動的咬合をシミュレートするために、相互に対する仮想上顎と仮想下顎との移動を提供する手段であって、それにより、前記仮想上顎の歯と前記仮想下顎の歯との間に衝突が起こる、手段と、 を含み、該システムは、 前記仮想上顎の前記歯と前記仮想下顎の前記歯とが、前記衝突において相互の仮想表面を貫通することを阻止され、1つ又は複数の修復が貫通可能であることを提供する手段をさらに含む、仮想咬合器システム。
Independent claims14
54 paragraphs, as filed
(Field of invention) The present invention generally relates to a virtual articulator and a method of performing a virtual occlusion. More specifically, the present invention relates to a computer implementation method that uses a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when making a computer-aided design for one or more tooth restorations.
(Background of invention) An articulator is a mechanical device that provides a simplified geometric model of the skull for simulating the relative luck of a human jaw to test tooth occlusion. The articulator is used by the dental technician when modeling the restoration of the patient's teeth, and the dental technician models the restoration and uses the articulator to assess the function of the occlusion or occlusion. And may be repeated. To test the collision of the upper and lower jaw teeth, the dental technician can use carbon copy paper placed between the two jaw teeth in the articulator, thus moving the jaw. Sometimes the colliding teeth are colored.
A virtual articulator, which is a digital representation of an articulator, is known as described below.
Patent Document 1 collects biometric data of patients, that is, toothed or toothless mandibular and mandibular, jaw sizing, its spatial position with respect to the skull, articulatory and mandibular movement, and mandibular movement. Recording, data implementation in the virtual articulator that will be available in the main memory of the data processing equipment, CAD construction of the preformed parts of individual articulators and the dental molding body based on the collected patient data, recorded living body Production of individual articulator moldings and dental moldings using measurement data-based production manufacturing processes, incorporation of individual articulator preforms and / or dental moldings into standardized articulator housings, or Disclosed are methods for the production of artificial teeth, including the fully productive manufacture of articulators using individually molded bodies.
Patent Document 2 discloses a computer-implemented method for creating a dental model for use in a dental occlusion, wherein the method corresponds to an upper arch image of at least a portion of the patient's upper dental arch, a set of digital data. And at least one of the upper and lower dental arches with respect to the patient's hinge axis, and the step of providing a second set of digital data corresponding to the lower arch image of at least a portion of the patient's lower dental arch. Based on the step of providing hinge axis data representing one spatial orientation, the step of providing bite alignment data representing the spatial relationship between the patient's upper and lower dental arches, and the bite alignment data. It includes a step of aligning the upper and lower arch images and a step of creating a reference hinge axis for the upper and lower arch images aligned based on the hinge axis data.
Patent Document 3 describes a virtual articulator representing a three-dimensional model of a patient's upper and lower dental arch, which includes data defining a movement constraint having multiple degrees of freedom between the upper and lower dental arch, and the third. A simulation analyzer that provides contact data by simulating the movement using a dimensional model and analyzing the resulting contact on the upper and lower arch portions during the movement. The resulting contact is characterized by the order in time of occurrence, using the simulation analyzer and the contact data obtained from the simulation analyzer and the virtual articulator to virtual dentures for the upper and lower arches. Also disclosed is a system for designing a virtual dental model, including a design module for designing one of the virtual desired dental modifications.
Patent Document 4 describes a four-dimensional model of jaw and tooth dynamics in which the method and system are described as digitally modeling the four-dimensional dynamics of jaw and tooth movement using time-based three-dimensional data. Regarding conversion. The complete top and bottom digital models are aligned with the time-based 3D intraoral model to give rise to a true 4D model. Diagnostic and clinical applications include balancing the occlusion and characterizing the geometry of the temporomandibular joint. The 4D model can be easily combined with conventional imaging methods such as CT to create a more complete virtual patient model. In one embodiment, this document describes a) determining the lower occlusal surface using a complete lower model, b) setting the lower occlusal surface at a predetermined angle of approximately 15 degrees with respect to the reference horizontal. c) Orienting the lower dental arch model by the jaw midline perpendicular to the central axis, and d) using the incisor distance to complete the location of the lower model and central axis. , E) Disclose that the standard central axis coordinate system and occlusal position are defined by positioning the upper model relative to the lower model using scans obtained in closed or occlusal positions.
Patent Document 5 discloses a method of using a computer-based virtual articulator, in which a step of loading a patient's digital dental model into a computer running a virtual articulator simulation program and one or more virtual function transfers. At least one parameter related to jaw movement includes at least one parameter related to jaw movement, including the step of simulating and evaluating at least one parameter related to jaw movement when dental restoration is applied. It is selected from the amount of movement, the speed at which a jaw movement is performed, and the angle at which the rotating jaw movement is performed.
The problem remains that it mimics an articulator in an improved manner and provides a virtual articulator that resembles an articulator.
<p num="0010"><patcit num="1"><text>International Publication No. 08/113313</text></patcit><patcit num="2"><text>U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2002/048741</text></patcit><patcit num="3"><text>U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/172150</text></patcit><patcit num="4"><text>U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/207441</text></patcit><patcit num="5"><text>International Publication No. 09/133131</text></patcit></p>
<p num="0011"> A computer-aided method of using a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when making a computer-aided design for one or more tooth restorations for a patient is disclosed. A step of providing the virtual articulator, each comprising a virtual 3D model of the maxilla and a virtual 3D model of the mandible that resemble the upper and lower jaws of the patient's mouth. A step that provides movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other to simulate dynamic occlusion, in which a collision occurs between the teeth of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible. The method is It further includes a step defining that the teeth of the virtual maxilla and mandible are prevented from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.</p><p num="0012"> A computer-aided method of using a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when making a computer-aided design for one or more tooth restorations for a patient is disclosed. A virtual articulator with a virtual 3D tooth model with a maxilla defined as a virtual maxilla and a virtual 3D tooth model with a mandible defined as a virtual mandible, similar to the maxilla and mandible of the patient's mouth, respectively. And the steps to provide A step that provides movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other to simulate dynamic occlusion, in which a collision occurs between the teeth of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible. The method is It further includes a step defining that the teeth of the virtual maxilla and mandible are prevented from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.</p><p num="0013"> As a result, the virtual articulator resembles the actual situation in the patient's mouth or when using a physical articulator and is only allowed to make movements that mimic it, and therefore the jaw. There is an advantage that the relative movement of is physiologically realistic. Therefore, the upper and lower jaw teeth in the virtual articulator have the advantage of resembling physically hard teeth that can collide with each other and come into contact with each other but cannot penetrate each other. The expression tooth may mean the original tooth in the patient's mouth with and without restoration that completely replaces one or more teeth. Tooth may mean a virtual tooth in a virtual mandibular model for which no restoration is designed. Therefore, opposing jaw teeth are not allowed to penetrate each other's virtual surfaces when colliding as part of an occlusion simulation or test in which the virtual articulator is used. The teeth in the virtual articulator are configured to appear, act, or behave as solids with an impenetrable surface and a physical range corresponding to the teeth in the physical articulator. Tooth. Jaw joint movement is restricted by not allowing the jaw, and therefore the teeth of the jaw, to penetrate. Jaw teeth may be said to be impervious or impenetrable, which is a material article in which two bodies cannot occupy the same space at the same time. Therefore, the opposing teeth of the upper and lower virtual jaws cannot occupy the same virtual space at the same time.</p><p num="0014"> The virtual articulator has the advantage that it is configured to be, for example, a virtual geometric model of a mechanical system with a physical articulator, thereby an equivalent virtual geometric model. Virtual articulators either move automatically or allow the user to move two jaws relative to each other. This movement is limited to the movement permitted by the geometry of the articulator. The jaw may consist of both an adjusted scan and a designed model. Alternatively, the virtual occlusion may be based on a general model, a physiological model, unconstrained free movement, and the like.</p><p num="0015"> The virtual articulator can be used at any time in the digital process of designing a tooth restoration such as a crown or bridge, and the size and shape of the designed restoration should be tested to check for correctness. That is, it has the advantage of testing whether there is enough space in the mouth for the designed restoration when the jaws are moving relative to each other. Therefore, the function of tooth restoration is tested by simulating occlusion. Restoration may be part of one or more teeth, therefore the expression "collision between teeth" is used herein, and therefore this expression is also a collision between teeth and restoration, Includes or means collisions between restorations, collisions between uncorrected teeth, etc. Therefore, a tooth can be both a tooth without restoration or a tooth with restoration. Thus, in the present application, the terms tooth and restoration may be used interchangeably for teeth with restoration or restorations that completely replace teeth.</p><p num="0016"> In some embodiments, the method selectively comprises a step of providing that the designed repair is pierce when colliding with an opposed virtual jaw.</p><p num="0017"> In some embodiments, the method comprises a step defining that when colliding with an opposed virtual jaw, the designed repair is prevented from being piercable.</p><p num="0018"> In some embodiments, the method comprises the step of defining that the designed repair is piercable when colliding with an opposed virtual jaw.</p><p num="0019"> There is an advantage that repair can be penetrating or impossible, depending on the preference of the software operator or user.</p><p num="0020"> The movement of the virtual articulator is constrained by the inability of the two jaws, including the designed model, to penetrate each other, which accurately models tooth polishing against each other during mastication, thereby recording the contact area. There is an advantage that it is provided as. This makes it possible to evaluate the functional aspects of the design at a given time in the design process, similar to the manual process using a physical articulator.</p><p num="0021"> The maxillary and mandibular virtual three-dimensional models, respectively, may comprise the entire jaw or bow or part of the entire jaw, corresponding to several teeth, for example half of the jaw teeth.</p><p num="0022"> In some cases, the terms jaw and bow may be used herein to represent the same physiological area.</p><p num="0023"> This computer implementation method may be implemented and executed in a software program that performs a virtual articulator simulation.</p><p num="0024"> In addition to the virtual articulator simulating the movement of the physical articulator or the actual jaw movement in the patient's mouth and not allowing the opposing teeth to penetrate, the virtual articulator movement also causes the teeth to move. After a collision, the next movement of the virtual jaw corresponds to the movement of the teeth in the mouth, or the jaw in the physical articulator functions after the collision, which is the direction of movement considering the collision, i.e. Make sure that the speed, impact angle, etc. are continued.</p><p num="0025"> In the prior art, only the static occlusion of the occlusion may be provided in a computer-implemented manner, and therefore the upper and lower jaws may be represented only in their neutral position and their relative movement was not possible.</p><p num="0026"> The prior art discloses a collision between jaws, in which the jaws penetrate each other during the collision. Conventional virtual collisions between virtual 3D tooth models show that the models are piercable because they are virtual models, and there are no physical barriers between the models. However, according to the method, the collision resembles an actual collision in the mouth or in a physical articulator. The method includes the step of recreating the collision between the maxilla and the mandible as an actual physical collision, where the colliding teeth cannot penetrate each other, but can slide past each other. This is a natural physical case. Therefore, the colliding teeth cannot penetrate and can only contact each other because they are effectively physically solidified instead of being represented as a penetrating object.</p><p num="0027"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises simultaneous modeling of one or more tooth restorations and a virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular collision test. The method is an alternative and / or in addition to the step of designing one or more orthodontic procedures for the patient and / or the step of designing one or more prosthetic procedures for the patient, and / or of the patient's teeth. It may include steps to perform a functional analysis.</p><p num="0028"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises automatic modeling of tooth restoration in opposed positions within the virtual maxilla and mandible when tooth restoration in opposite positions is required.</p><p num="0029"> In some embodiments, the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible are configured to move relative to each other. The movement or movement may be free movement, restricted or constrained movement, movement based on an articulator model such as a physical or mechanical articulator model.</p><p num="0030"> In some embodiments, the virtual maxilla is fixed so that the virtual mandible is configured to move relative to the virtual maxilla. The virtual maxilla may be fixed in a virtual space comprising a virtual articulator and a model of the upper and lower teeth.</p><p num="0031"> In some embodiments, the method comprises performing a crash test of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible exclusively along the occlusal axis of the virtual articulator.</p><p num="0032"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises fixing the virtual maxilla to the occlusal axis so that the virtual mandible is configured to move relative to the virtual maxilla.</p><p num="0033"> A common feature of most physical articulators is that the lower part rests on the table so that the lower part that supports the lower jaw is anchored to the occlusal axis. The upper part can then be moved relative to the lower part. According to the method, the maxilla is fixed to the occlusal axis, with the maxilla fixed to the rest of the skull, similar to the anatomy of the human skull, and the mandible can move to the upper jaw. There is an advantage. However, as an alternative, the mandible can be fixed relative to the occlusal axis.</p><p num="0034"> In some embodiments, the method further defines a search structure on the virtual maxilla that is configured to search on a predetermined circular path around the occlusal axis to detect collisions with the surface of the mandibular model. Includes steps to do.</p><p num="0035"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises configuring the virtual mandible to move automatically through at least one predetermined path of movement with respect to the virtual maxilla.</p><p num="0036"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises detecting the first position on the occlusal axis where the virtual maxilla and virtual mandible are in contact. These embodiments are generally advantageous because it is a computationally expensive problem to calculate collisions between complex 3D models and provide a response to collisions to prevent penetration. However, if a suitable 3D search structure on the model is calculated before the crash test, the calculation time can be dramatically improved. Examples of such search structures are boundary volume hierarchies such as AABB trees, spatial distribution structures such as BSP trees, octo trees, and kd trees.</p><p num="0037"> In a physical articulator, there are several degrees of freedom, one of which is given by a rotation axis that models the occlusion, also known as the occlusal axis. In this virtual articulator, a crash test is performed and the response is evaluated along the occlusal axis, i.e. for a given configuration of other degrees of freedom, thereby on the occlusal axis where the two jaw models are in contact. There is an advantage that it is sufficient to find the first position of. This uses a more specialized search structure that aims to reduce the dimensionality of the computational problem and to calculate the first intersection with the 3D model along a given circular path around the static axis of rotation. To enable. Therefore, it may be calculated for each movement step along one of the other axes, i.e., for each degree of freedom, when and at what point the jaw teeth collide along the occlusal axis. .. Thus, for each movement of the jaw along any of the axes, the jaw is closed in principle or with respect to the calculation and then opened along the occlusal axis to test the collision between the teeth. May be good. Therefore, a predetermined path of movement along the occlusal axis may be constructed, and how, when, where, and where the jaws collide may be calculated for different situations.</p><p num="0038"> Therefore, there is an advantage in constructing a search structure on a maxillary model specialized for searching on the circular path around the occlusal axis. For any configuration of other degrees of freedom, such a search structure may be used to perform collision tests and responses along the occlusal axis by searching from the surface of the mandibular model. This enables real-time crash testing and response. If the maxilla and search structure were not fixed, the relative position of the jaw model and occlusal axis would change and the search structure would otherwise need to be updated or recalculated whenever real-time simulations became feasible. There is.</p><p num="0039"> In some embodiments, collisions are configured to be registered and visually marked. The advantage of this embodiment is that when a collision point is registered and detected, the entire surface of the collision point is acquired and based on this the tooth restoration can be designed, modeled or modified. The surface of the collision point may be represented by a trace or a moving trace.</p><p num="0040"> In some embodiments, the collision point in a collision provides the surface of the collision point. The surface of the collision point may provide a trace of movement. The surface of the collision point is visualized and may be used to design repairs. A map of the depth of the collision may be provided and updated with the surface of the collision point.</p><p num="0041"> When unmodified teeth are simulated against each other, their moving traces or their surfaces cannot penetrate each other. The same may be the case for restorations on unmodified teeth. However, as an alternative, the moving surface of the restoration may penetrate the uncorrected tooth when the restoration and uncorrected teeth are simulated relative to each other. Therefore, terms such as collision surface, or collision point trace, or collision point surface are when the unmodified teeth are simulated to move relative to each other when the teeth collide and do not penetrate each other. To represent, and when the restoration may penetrate the uncorrected tooth, i.e., the restoration and the uncorrected tooth may penetrate each other, simulated for the uncorrected tooth Used both to indicate when to be.</p><p num="0042"> A simulated collision or collision surface between unmodified teeth may determine the movement that can be made between the upper and lower tooth models.</p><p num="0043"> This determined movement may then be used and considered when designing the repair.</p><p num="0044"> Virtually designed instruments or repairs can be cut or designed for collision trace movement.</p><p num="0045"> In some embodiments, some of the one or more tooth restorations that cause the collision are configured to be automatically removed from each virtual jaw. Alternatively, the user can remove parts, such as parts of the material, by manually selecting in a software program that performs virtual articulator simulation. Traditionally, repairs have been performed on only one jaw at a time, rather than simultaneously or simultaneously on both jaws. According to the method, for example, a crown above the maxillary teeth and a bridge over the mandibular teeth opposite the maxillary teeth can be designed at the same time. Therefore, according to this method, teeth including opposing teeth of the upper and lower jaws can be designed, evaluated for collisions, and visually recognized at the same time.</p><p num="0046"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises configuring the movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other to be digitally recorded. The advantage of this embodiment is that when recording the movement after modeling the repair, the recording can be replayed to test the modeling.</p><p num="0047"> In some embodiments, the predetermined movement of the virtual maxilla and virtual mandible relative to each other is configured to be regenerated.</p><p num="0048"> In some embodiments, the predetermined movement is Protruding, Recession, Outward deviation to the right, Outward deviation to the left, Inward deviation to the right, Inward deviation to the left, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the right, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the left Includes movement in one or more of these directions.</p><p num="0049"> In some embodiments, the predetermined movement is configured to be automatically terminated based on one or more constraints. Restraint may be determined by tooth boundaries. Restraint may be determined by the upper and lower canines touching each other.</p><p num="0050"> In some embodiments, the method further models all collisions that occur between the teeth during the movement of the virtual maxilla and mandible relative to each other, and after the movement is complete, the collision point of the restoration is modeled. Includes being done. Therefore, there is a continuous jaw movement, that is, between two jaws, which is possible when one jaw makes a movement that completely covers the plane of the other jaw and considers physiological constraints. All conflicts of are registered. Therefore, after collisions have accumulated, movement has been completed, and all collisions have been registered, then repair collision point modeling is performed. In the prior art, a model of jaw position relative to each other is selected, collisions at this position are detected, repairs are modeled at these collision points, then new positions are selected and collisions are detected at this position. , Modeling is done for repairs with these collision points, etc. Thus, it is disclosed or possible in the prior art that there is no movement, there is no accumulated registration of the collision point surface, and there is no possibility of simultaneous modeling of repairs based on all collision points. Is. In the prior art, static occlusion can be detected, but dynamic occlusion or joint movement cannot be detected. Therefore, in the prior art, it can be said that the jaws are in static positions with respect to each other and are locked to each other.</p><p num="0051"> Accumulation of collisions is advantageous because it gives a collective representation of contact points or collisions. By visually recognizing the collective representation of contact points and collisions, the dental technician can make a suitable model of any restoration that has a collision point.</p><p num="0052"> In addition, it is advantageous to be done because the movement of the jaws relative to each other in continuous movement is similar to the use of a physical articulator, which may be used to work with the dental technician. Therefore, virtual simulation and modeling is similar to manual simulation and modeling on a physical model using a physical articulator, making it easy for dental technicians to learn to simulate occlusion in computer programs. Is.</p><p num="0053"> In some embodiments, automatic modeling of all repair collision points takes place at the same time. Therefore, the repair modeling at each collision point can be performed all at once, at the same time, once, and so on. Each individual collision point needs to be modeled separately, but some or all of the repair points can be modeled collectively. Modeling may include removing the portion of the repair detected as a contact point, which corresponds to the manual removal of material from the repair.</p><p num="0054"> In some embodiments, each repair collision point is modeled separately.</p><p num="0055"> In some embodiments, the repair is penetrating. Thus, a tooth without restoration is impenetrable, but a portion of the tooth that is restoration, eg, restoration, may be penetrable. This is an advantage when modeling repairs.</p><p num="0056"> In some embodiments, the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible are configured to bounce off each other after a collision. Movement traces may be recorded for use in repair designs.</p><p num="0057"> In some embodiments, the movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other is configured to occur in real time in response to the natural movement of the articulator.</p><p num="0058"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises selecting a given geometric model of the virtual articulator from among several given geometric models. The model can represent a particular brand of physical mechanical bite, a user-defined geometric model, a standard geometric model, etc., so that the user can virtualize from several predetermined geometric models. It has the advantage of being able to select a geometric model. In addition, the geometric model can be a physiological or biological model, such as a model of the geometric shape of the skull. Therefore, the user can select a geometric model that fits himself or the particular patient case. The selected geometric model may impose constraints on movement, or the geometric model may provide free movement. The selected geometric model provides joint movement and / or occlusion that can be tested or simulated.</p><p num="0059"> In some embodiments, the virtual dynamic articulator is configured to be selected from among several virtual articulators, similar to a physical articulator.</p><p num="0060"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises selecting some degrees of freedom in the geometric model.</p><p num="0061"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises aligning the virtual maxilla and mandible to correspond to the anatomical alignment of the jaw in the patient's mouth. This alignment may be defined as a standard alignment.</p><p num="0062"> In some embodiments, the anatomical alignment of the jaw is determined by making measurements of the patient's facial geometry.</p><p num="0063"> In some embodiments, the patient's facial geometry is determined by performing a facial scan of the patient. Facial scans may result in a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the patient's face. The face scan may include a single still image or a video comprising a series of still images representing a moving face. As an alternative and / or in addition, the patient's specific facial geometry using a conventional facebow or facebow with electronic and optical instruments, for example, where the facebow is attached to the outside of the ear or chin. The shape can be determined. Therefore, as the patient moves his jaw, the facebow measures the movement and the mechanical articulator is adjusted accordingly. The movement may include jaw sway, mouth opening, anterior, posterior, and other jaw towing.</p><p num="0064"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises configuring the virtual mandible to be moved by the user. Alternatively, both virtual jaws may be moved relative to each other.</p><p num="0065"> In some embodiments, the virtual mandible Protrusion (straight forward movement), Outer and medial deviations (forward and lateral movement both left and right), Backward (straight backward movement), and Lateral posterior upward deviation (to both left and right), It is configured to simulate movement in such directions.</p><p num="0066"> Therefore, the move is Protruding, Recession, Outward deviation to the right, Outward deviation to the left, Inward deviation to the right, Inward deviation to the left, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the right, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the left, May include.</p><p num="0067"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises positioning a virtual alignment plane relative to the virtual maxilla and mandible, the virtual maxilla and mandible defining a virtual model of a set of teeth, the method. Steps to visualize the virtual alignment plane and the virtual maxilla and mandible, Includes a virtual alignment plane and a step of automatically positioning the virtual maxilla and mandible with respect to each other.</p><p num="0068"> The virtual upper model and / or virtual lower model may be placed first in the virtual articulator, then the alignment plane is subsequently positioned, and vice versa.</p><p num="0069"> The virtual alignment plane also does not have to be visible and may therefore be invisible or thin.</p><p num="0070"> The virtual model has the advantage that it can be aligned with respect to the virtual alignment plane. The virtual alignment plane may be determined, for example, based on a plane in the mechanical articulator. In mechanical articulators, there may be markings, eg, recesses in the vertical rod, to manually dispose of the red rubber band. Rubber bands are used to arrange, such as aligning two physical models of the upper and lower teeth.</p><p num="0071"> In some embodiments, auto-positioning is based on one or more parameters.</p><p num="0072"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises positioning a virtual alignment plane with respect to the virtual maxilla and mandible, the virtual maxilla and mandible defining a virtual model of a pair of teeth, the method. Steps to visualize the virtual alignment plane and the virtual maxilla and mandible, Includes steps to automatically position the virtual alignment plane and the virtual maxilla and mandible with respect to each other based on one or more parameters.</p><p num="0073"> The virtual alignment plane and tooth virtual model has several parameters because the relevant available parameters can be used to make the positioning, depending on the parameters available for a particular patient and case. Based on this, it has the advantage of being positioned relative to each other. If neither particular parameter is available to a particular patient, standard or default parameters may be used. However, if certain parameters are available to the patient, these parameters may be used so that results can be achieved faster and with better results. As described below, patient-specific parameters use a facebow that provides information about static occlusion, an electronic facebow that provides information about static and dynamic occlusion, as well as static. And may be obtained, such as by using a facial scanner that provides information about dynamic occlusion.</p><p num="0074"> The virtual alignment plane may be defined or determined in different ways. The aligned surfaces may be flat, horizontal or flat, curved, irregular, uneven, uneven, etc. The alignment surface may follow or conform to the shape of the incisal or meshing edge and / or cusp.</p><p num="0075"> The alignment surface may be, for example, a speed curve. The curvature of the speed is defined by the alignment of the cusps and cut edges of the tooth so that there is a smooth straight line when viewed from the lateral surface. The lower curve of the speed is concave, while the upper curve is convex. The curvature of the speed may be referred to as the adjustment curvature of the dental arch.</p><p num="0076"> A set of teeth may be an entire set of teeth covering all the teeth in the patient's mouth, or a set of teeth may be part of an entire set of teeth. Therefore, a set of teeth may also be represented as at least a portion of the set of teeth.</p><p num="0077"> The expression "positioned to" means, for example, that the virtual alignment plane is fixed in place and then the virtual model is moved when viewed on a graphical user interface such as a computer screen, or It means that the virtual model is fixed in place and then the virtual alignment plane is moved when viewed on a computer screen. In any case, the virtual model and the virtual alignment plane appear to virtually move relative to each other. Positioning may be defined as placement, placement, etc. Occlusal may be defined as the contact between the upper and lower teeth, or the relationship between the maxillary (upper) and lower (lower) teeth as they approach each other as they occur during mastication or at rest.</p><p num="0078"> In some embodiments, one or more parameters are derived from the patient's facial scan. To allow the recording of dynamic jaw movements so that the dynamic occlusion and opening / closing movements that occur during mastication can be recorded, the patient moves the jaws, for example, when performing a dynamic occlusion. It has the advantage that one or more parameters can be derived from the facial scan of the patient being scanned. Facial scans can be used as an alternative and / or in addition to measure the patient's static occlusion. These static and dynamic occlusions for a particular patient can then be used when simulating the occlusion on a virtual articulator, with the alignment plane being physiologically correct for that particular patient. As you can see, it can be positioned relative to the virtual model of teeth. When the alignment of the teeth in the virtual articulator is identical to the physiological alignment in the patient's mouth, the joint movements and occlusion of the virtual articulator are physiologically correct with optimal fit and results. The repair can be modeled. As an alternative to using a facial scanner, other "raw" recording means such as CT scans may be used.</p><p num="0079"> In addition, in some embodiments, facial scans are used to measure a patient's facial features such as facial midline, arch midline, incisor surface, and / or interpupillary line.</p><p num="0080"> In addition, in some embodiments, the method further comprises the steps of simulating and estimating dynamic occlusal interference, which interference is said by tracking at least one reference object anchored to the patient's teeth. At least partially inferred from multiple scans that record the patient's jaw joint movements. Moreover, further embodiments include the steps of calculating jaw joint movements and thereby simulating and / or estimating dynamic occlusal interference.</p><p num="0081"> In some embodiments of the invention, a facial scanner is used to measure 3D movement of the patient's chin and face in real time. In some embodiments of the invention, a facial scanner is used to measure the position of the maxilla and / or mandible with respect to the skull. Therefore, the facial scanner may then replace the facebow conventionally used for this static measurement. Thus, a facial scanner can be used to measure facial planes such as centering or midline, can be used to measure jaw movement, and / or for the rest of the skull. It can be used to measure attachment and / or movement of the jaw. Therefore, the measured jaw movement, which is physically true movement or movement, is a dynamic virtual so that the tooth restoration can be designed with improved functionality and aesthetics. Used to simulate movement within the articulator. Thus, the facial scanner can provide tooth restoration, thereby making relevant measurements to replace, for example, the use of facebows, electronic facebows, the use of standard values or settings, and the like.</p><p num="0082"> In a further embodiment of the invention, the calculation and / or estimation of jaw joint movement and / or dynamic occlusal interference is a 3D model with multiple facial scans, and antagonists, pre-adjusted and / or adjusted teeth. At least partially based on at least one 3D model of. For optimal accuracy and accuracy, it is advantageous to secure one or more reference spheres or objects to the teeth.</p><p num="0083"> In some embodiments, the patient's jaw movements are scanned in real time in 3D using a facial scanner. Real-time means that the scanner records the entire movement as the movement occurs, so that the scanner records the movement in real time, that is, all steps along the movement are recorded, so that the facial scanner records the entire movement in real time. It is advantageous to scan. If the facial scanner is not recording in real time, the movement itself cannot be recorded, but only a few distinct points, such as the extremum of the chin, can be recorded. If the facial scanner only takes a scan every minute, or if it takes a minute to scan, the facial scanner will move in real time because the jaw and facial muscles will move much faster in true chewing movements. It doesn't become a scanner. Therefore, real-time facial scanners, as is known from video cameras, capture several full 3D frames per second to record gradual movements.</p><p num="0084"> In some embodiments, a virtual surface is defined and disposed with respect to the virtual articulator.</p><p num="0085"> In some embodiments, the virtual surface is fixed to the virtual articulator.</p><p num="0086"> In some embodiments, the virtual surface is visualized for the upper and lower models.</p><p num="0087"> In some embodiments, the virtual plane is a virtual alignment plane.</p><p num="0088"> In some embodiments, the virtual alignment plane is fixed to the virtual articulator.</p><p num="0089"> In some embodiments, Since the alignment of the upper and lower tooth models with respect to each other may be improved, there is an advantage that a virtual surface or a virtual alignment surface is arranged with respect to the virtual articulator. The operator or user may virtually rotate the model with a plane attached to the model, or zoom in to examine the details of the alignment of the model.</p><p num="0090"> In some embodiments, the virtual alignment plane is the default occlusal plane. The default occlusal surface has the advantage that it may be defined as a plane passing through the occlusal or occlusal surface of the tooth. It represents the average curvature of the occlusal surface. It may be defined by a plane extending between three specific teeth, as described above. In addition, the occlusal surface may be defined as a fictitious surface that is anatomically related to the skull and theoretically touches the incisor rim and the tip of the occlusal surface of the molar. It represents the average surface curvature. In addition, the occlusal surface may be defined as a line drawn between the points, representing a vertical overlap in the anterior, half the overcapsular occlusion of the incisor, and half the cusp height of the posterior posterior molar. Good. The occlusal surface may be marked with a rubber band placed at a particular point on the tooth model on the tooth model so that the rubber band points flat on the physical mechanical articulator.</p><p num="0091"> In some embodiments, one or more parameters are derived from the patient's facial scan, where jaw movement is scanned when the patient performs a dynamic occlusion.</p><p num="0092"> In some embodiments, the patient's jaw movements are scanned in real time in 3D using a facial scanner.</p><p num="0093"> In some embodiments, one or more of the parameters are derived from the patient's facebow measurement. There is an advantage in using the facebow to measure one or more parameters in the patient. A conventional facebow records the positional relationship of the superior arch with respect to a device used to record a static occlusion, eg, the temporomandibular joint, and in this same relationship orients the dental model with respect to the open axis of the articulator. Device to do. Therefore, the facebow may allow the collection of information so that the exact cranial / axial relationship of the patient and its anatomy can be repaired. By using a mechanical facebow with an electronic measurement system, dynamic occlusion can be measured, and the measurement data can be transmitted to a computer by wire or wirelessly, or stored on a memory component. Therefore, the data from the electronic facebow measurement may be transferred to a computer to assist in placing the alignment plane with respect to the virtual model of the tooth. An example of an electronic facebow is a facebow that enables accurate measurements using several sensors such as a voice transmitter and a microphone. The electronic facebow can measure mandibular movement with respect to the patient's skull. Alternatively, an electronic facebow can be a facebow that uses magnetic measurement technology, or a facebow can be a facebow that uses ultrasonic measurement technology, or a facebow can transfer recorded facebow data to a computer. It can be any other electronic system to transfer. It may be attached to the facial arch teeth, such as the ears, above the ears, or in the ears, on the patient's head, and on the nasal bone between the eyes. A bite fork with an impression material on it may then be placed in the patient's mouth by touching the teeth in the upper arch, eg, on the bite fork and facebow using ultrasonic measurements. The distance to the point may be determined and / or jaw movement can be measured. Distance can be used to derive specific anatomical dimensions of the patient's face and / or skull. In addition, another metal fork may then be placed on the anterior surface of the teeth in the upper bow, allowing the patient to move his lower jaw to a different extreme position. These movements and extreme positions of the mandible with respect to the facebow may be measured, for example, using ultrasound measurements, which may be used for dynamic occlusion and / or the patient's face and / or Specific anatomical dimensions of the skull may be determined. All measurements of static and / or dynamic occlusion using the facebow as described above may be made electronically and stored, thus the measurements are relative to a virtual model of the tooth. A computer-implemented method of placing the virtual alignment plane may be transferred to the computer, so the dynamic occlusion measured in the patient is used to make the placement of the virtual alignment plane to the virtual model of the tooth. May be good. Thus, the dynamic occlusion can be recorded electronically and reproduced or reproduced, eg, while modeling the repair. In addition, in some embodiments, information about mandibular movement with respect to the maxilla is transferred from the facebow and used to define a virtual alignment plane. In addition, in some embodiments, information about the positional relationship of the superior arch with respect to the temporomandibular joint is transferred from the facebow and used to define the virtual alignment plane. .. In addition, in some embodiments, information about the positional relationship of the superior arch with respect to the temporomandibular joint is transferred from the facebow and used to define the virtual alignment plane. .. In addition, in some embodiments, information about the positional relationship of the superior arch with respect to the temporomandibular joint is transferred from the facebow and used to define the virtual alignment plane.</p><p num="0094"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises determining the position and orientation of the facebow with respect to the patient's upper bow.</p><p num="0095"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises determining the position and orientation of the facebow with respect to the physical articulator.</p><p num="0096"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises determining the position and orientation of the facebow with respect to the virtual articulator.</p><p num="0097"> In some embodiments, the facebow comprises a bite fork having an impression material to provide the impression of the upper bow of the tooth, the method further comprising determining the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the facebow. ..</p><p num="0098"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises scanning the bite fork along with the impression of the upper arch to provide an impression scan and a bite fork scan. Therefore, impression scans, bite fork scans, and both impression and bite fork scans can be provided. This has the advantage of scanning the impression on the bite fork material, as the impression can be used when aligning the virtual maxilla and mandible and / or alignment planes and the like. Thus, a set of tooth virtual models can be aligned with the impressions in the bite fork and / or bite fork by aligning the indentations / recesses and vertices / tops in the model and impression.</p><p num="0099"> In some embodiments, the impression scan is aligned with a virtual model of a pair of teeth. It has the advantage of aligning impression scans on the bite fork with respect to the virtual tooth model, i.e. the upper and lower jaw models. The impression material depression corresponds to the apex or high point of the tooth, so the depression or low point in the impression scan matches the corresponding apex or high point in the virtual model of a set of teeth.</p><p num="0100"> In some embodiments, the method further comprises determining the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the virtual articulator. Therefore, the facebow has a coordinate system CF. This coordinate system CF is transferred straight to the mechanical articulator coordinate system CMA when the facebow portion having the bite fork is inserted into the mechanical articulator. A physical model is then attached to the articulator using facebow information. If you wish to obtain position and orientation information from the facebow coordinate system CF and the bite fork coordinate system CBF into the virtual articulator coordinate system CVA, this information should be converted to digital. Or it can be read and converted to a value typed into a virtual articulator software program. The distance between the bite fork positions with respect to something on the facebow must be determined and digitized for transfer to the virtual articulator coordinate system (CVA). When using an electronic facebow, the distance between the bite fork and a point on the facebow is measured electronically, and this electronic measurement can be transferred to a computer and virtual articulator coordinate system CVA. The different coordinate systems used may be calibrated to each other.</p><p num="0101"> In some embodiments, the step of determining the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the virtual articulator comprises adapting / adapting an impression scan to the virtual articulator. Therefore, a CAD model or file from a bite fork scan can be used to align the bite fork and the impression on the bite fork into the virtual articulator.</p><p num="0102"> In some embodiments, the steps to determine the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the virtual articulator are to read the values for the facebow and / or bite fork and to type the values into the user interface for the virtual articulator. And include.</p><p num="0103"> In some embodiments, the step of determining the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the virtual articulator comprises electronically transferring data from the facebow and / or bite fork to the virtual articulator. This is possible, for example, when the facebow is an electronic facebow.</p><p num="0104"> In some embodiments, the step of determining the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the virtual articulator is Steps to align the bite fork with the impression in a particular holder in the 3D scanner, Includes steps to calibrate the position and orientation of the holder with respect to the virtual articulator. This is because when the bite fork has a fixed or determined position with respect to the face bow, for example, the distance between specific points on the face bow and on the bite fork is electronically measured. May be advantageous when is an electronic facebow.</p><p num="0105"> In some embodiments, the step of determining the position and orientation of the bite fork with respect to the virtual articulator includes aligning the bite fork scan with the CAD model of the bite fork. This is because when the bite fork has a fixed or determined position with respect to the face bow, for example, the distance between specific points on the face bow and on the bite fork is electronically measured. May be advantageous when is an electronic facebow.</p><p num="0106"> Repeated recent point (ICP) methods may be used for alignment, thus minimizing the difference or distance between the two point populations from the scan or model.</p><p num="0107"> In some embodiments, impression scans and / or bite fork scans and / or conversions between tooth virtual and / or CAD models for placement in the same virtual coordinate system on the user interface. Is determined through scanning, CAD models, and / or calibration of different coordinate systems for virtual models.</p><p num="0108"> In some embodiments, a scan of the maxillary physical model, a scan of the mandibular physical model, and a scan of the two occlusal jaws are aligned to derive occlusal data.</p><p num="0109"> In some embodiments, the positioning of the virtual alignment plane with respect to the virtual model of a set of teeth is configured to be manually fine-tuned by the operator.</p><p num="0110"> In some embodiments, the positioning of the virtual alignment plane with respect to the virtual model of the pair of teeth selects one or more virtual points with respect to the virtual model of the pair of teeth inside the point where the virtual alignment plane should be moved. By doing so, it is configured to be done by the operator. Therefore, it may be 1-point alignment, 2-point alignment, 3-point alignment, or the like. One or more of the points are, for example, a first point placed on the last tooth on the left side of the mouth and a second point placed on the last tooth on the right side of the mouth. May be disposed on the posterior molars. A third point may be located on the midline above the central tooth or above one of the central teeth. The points may be located above and / or above the maxilla.</p><p num="0111"> In some embodiments, one or more parameters are the default standard parameters.</p><p num="0112"> In some embodiments, the one or more parameters are patient-specific parameters derived from a particular patient.</p><p num="0113"> In some embodiments, the virtual alignment plane is the default alignment plane.</p><p num="0114"> In some embodiments, the default alignment plane is pre-defined and determined based on standard values.</p><p num="0115"> In some embodiments, the virtual alignment plane is a patient-specific alignment plane that is determined based on one or more parameters from the patient.</p><p num="0116"> In some embodiments, one or more parameters are derived from a virtual model of a set of teeth. Therefore, dimensions such as height differences between arches, jaws and teeth may be derived from the model.</p><p num="0117"> In some embodiments, one or more of the parameters are based on one or more adjusted teeth that should be restored.</p><p num="0118"> In some embodiments, one or more of the parameters are the position of one or more adjusted teeth, the labial or buccal orientation of the adjusted teeth, and / or the upward or downward of the adjusted teeth. The direction.</p><p num="0119"> In some embodiments, one or more of the parameters are based on the horizontal and / or vertical placement of one or more teeth.</p><p num="0120"> In some embodiments, one or more of the parameters are the positions of some particular teeth.</p><p num="0121"> In some embodiments, one or more of the parameters is based on the highest point of the tooth in the lower and / or upper bow.</p><p num="0122"> In some embodiments, one or more parameters are a point on the left molar of the lower arch, a point on the right molar of the lower arch, and a point between the central teeth in the lower arch. .. These points have the advantage of being used as parameters because they define the plane. The points are, for example, 1 mm below the distal buccal cusp of both the left and right second molars of the lower arch or jaw, and the incision in the space between the two central teeth in the lower arch or jaw. It may be the point of. These points may be defined as occlusal surfaces or planes.</p><p num="0123"> In some embodiments, one or more parameters Condyle angle, Bennett lateral shift, Incisor induction, Canine induction, The shape of the glenoid, The shape of the ridge, Replicated maxillary position relative to the skull and / or Facebow setting Includes measurements and / or values.</p><p num="0124"> Since one or more of these parameters is the area where the mechanical articulator, and thereby the virtual articulator, can also be adjusted, there is an advantage in using them.</p><p num="0125"> In some embodiments, a standard set of teeth is shown on the alignment plane to assist the operator in correctly placing the alignment plane and the virtual model of the tooth relative to each other.</p><p num="0126"> In some embodiments, means for rotating and translating the alignment plane and / or tooth virtual model are provided.</p><p num="0127"> In some embodiments, the means for rotating and translating are provided as virtual handles.</p><p num="0128"> In some embodiments, the virtual alignment surface and / or the virtual pair of teeth is translucent or translucent such that the virtual alignment surface and the virtual pair of teeth are visible at the same time.</p><p num="0129"> In addition, a physical model of the upper or lower tooth may be attached to a male plate that fits both in the corresponding female plate in the 3D scanner and in the corresponding female plate in the mechanical articulator. Good. This allows the transfer of the position on the model between the articulator and the scanner. The position determined from this may then be transferred to computer software where virtual joint movement and repair modeling is performed. In addition, there may be a reference mark on the male plate, the model, and the like.</p><p num="0130"> In some embodiments, a virtual model of a set of teeth is made using an intraoral scan of the teeth, by scanning the impression of the teeth, or by scanning the physical model of the teeth.</p><p num="0131"> In some embodiments, the method comprises registering a trace of the collision surface and automatically cutting out tooth material based on the collision surface. The virtual cut of material from the modeled tooth has the advantage that it can be done based on a virtual trace of the surface of the simulated collision point. This does not require the material to be subsequently virtually removed, but is removed during the run during the simulation.</p><p num="0132"> The present invention describes different aspects, including the methods described above and below, and the corresponding methods, devices, systems, applications, and / or product means, respectively, in relation to the first described aspect. One or more embodiments that provide one or more of the benefits and benefits to be provided, each corresponding to an embodiment described and / or disclosed in the accompanying claims with respect to the first described aspect. Has.</p><p num="0133"> Specifically, the present specification discloses a dynamic virtual articulator system for simulating tooth occlusion when performing a computer-aided design of one or more tooth restorations for a patient. A means for providing a virtual articulator, each comprising a virtual 3D model of the maxilla and a virtual 3D model of the mandible, which resembles the maxilla and mandible of the patient's mouth. Means for providing movement of the virtual maxilla and mandible relative to each other to simulate dynamic occlusion, in which collisions occur between the teeth of the virtual maxilla and mandible. The system is equipped with Provided are means for defining that the virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular teeth are prevented from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.</p><p num="0134"> Further having a computer program product and program code means stored on it, comprising program code means for causing the data processing system to perform a method when the program code means are executed on the data processing system. A computer program product with a computer readable medium is disclosed.</p><p num="0135"> A computer implementation method using a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when making a computer-assisted orthodontic treatment plan for a patient was disclosed. Each has a virtual three-dimensional tooth model with an upper jaw, defined as a virtual upper jaw, similar to the upper and lower jaws of the patient's mouth, and a virtual three-dimensional tooth model with a lower jaw, defined as a virtual lower jaw. Steps to provide a virtual articulator and A step that provides movement of the virtual maxilla and mandible relative to each other to simulate dynamic occlusion, in which a collision occurs between the virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular teeth. Including The method is also Includes steps that specify that the virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular teeth are prevented from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.</p><p num="0136"> This has the advantage that the dynamic virtual articulator can be used for treatment planning in orthodontics because it can simulate dynamic occlusion for orthodontic cases.</p><p num="0137"> In some embodiments, the treatment regimen in orthodontics includes a step of partitioning the teeth, a step of moving the teeth, and / or a step of simulating the movement of the jaw and teeth. Therefore, when using the virtual dynamic articulator in the treatment plan, compartmentalization of teeth may be made virtually, tooth movement may be made virtually, movement simulation is down virtually It may be done in. The treatment plan tests and simulates the steps of providing an existing dental situation for the patient, the steps of providing the desired final dental situation after orthodontic treatment, and then the suitability of the final dental situation. For this purpose, it may include a step of using a method of dynamic virtual joint movement.</p><p num="0138"> A model that collides with another tooth to avoid collisions in the patient's actual mouth during actual joint movements, meshing, and mastication when using the dynamic virtual joint movement method in restorative dentistry. A part of the converted tooth can be cut out automatically.</p><p num="0139"> However, when using the method of dynamic virtual joint movement in restorative dentistry, none of the tooth parts should be cut out, but in a direction that avoids unwanted collisions in the patient's actual engagement. A tooth that collides with another tooth may be moved, rotated, swiveled, or the like.</p><p num="0140"> In some embodiments, the method comprises registering a trace of collisions, based on which orthodontic treatment, eg, different tooth movements, is planned.</p><p num="0141"> In some embodiments, the method comprises assigning a weight to one or more teeth.</p><p num="0142"> In some embodiments, the weight assigned to the tooth determines how sensitive the tooth is to movement.</p><p num="0143"> In some embodiments, a high weight indicates that the tooth should not be moved, a low weight indicates that the tooth is allowed to move under all circumstances, and a medium weight indicates treatment. Indicates that the teeth are allowed to move if suitable for. Treatment, eg, movement, because some teeth already have a function or position that is important for, for example, the functionality of the bite, and these teeth may never have to be moved. It has the advantage of assigning different weights to the teeth for control and guidance. On the other hand, the other teeth do not have a significant function or position and therefore may not be important for functionality or visual aesthetics when these teeth are moved. The intermediate group may have several different weights over a range, and if there is an undesired collision between the two teeth simulating, for example, the tooth with the lowest weight will be moved. It is a power tooth.</p><p num="0144"> In some embodiments, the two or more teeth are locked together and the two or more teeth are configured to move as a unit. For example, it may be desired that the anterior teeth not be moved relative to each other, which has the advantage that the teeth can be locked together.</p><p num="0145"> In some embodiments, the treatment plan and occlusion simulation are iterative and the occlusion is simulated each time the treatment plan is changed.</p><p num="0146"> In some embodiments, restraint of movement of one or more teeth is implemented.</p><p num="0147"> In some embodiments, orthodontic appliances are configured to be modeled.</p><p num="0148"> In some embodiments, the patient's occlusion with the modeled instrument is configured to be simulated.</p><p num="0149"> In some embodiments, instrument modeling is iterative and occlusion is simulated for each modification of the instrument.</p><p num="0150"> In some embodiments, the maxillary and mandibular instruments are modeled in parallel.</p><p num="0151"> In some embodiments, the fixture is configured to be a brace, bracket, splint, cage, arch wire, aligner, and / or shell.</p><p num="0152"> In some embodiments, the instruments are configured to hold the teeth in their position.</p><p num="0153"> In some embodiments, the device is configured to prevent the patient from squeezing his teeth.</p><p num="0154"> In some embodiments, the device is configured to prevent the patient from snoring during sleep.</p><p num="0155"> In some embodiments, the device is configured to be comfortable to wear for the patient.</p><p num="0156"> In some embodiments, this set of tooth occlusions is simulated and one or more designed instruments are selectively included in the simulation.</p><p num="0157"> In some embodiments, one or more designed instruments are modified based on occlusal simulation.</p><p num="0158"> In some embodiments, one or more instruments are modified for location and / or anatomy.</p><p num="0159"> In some embodiments, the virtual articulator is configured to maintain the upper and lower models in the open position. For some orthodontic cases, the teeth in the virtual articulator should be designed to keep the upper and lower jaws in the open position with a distance to each other that allows the reocclusion to be recreated. It has the advantage that the model can be kept in the open position. These instruments can be designed to provide distance between the teeth when the model is kept in the open position within the virtual articulator. Therefore, a virtual articulator can be used to design a device that raises and opens the bite.</p><p num="0160"> In addition, there is the advantage that repairs can also be designed when the virtual articulator is configured with upper and lower models in the open position.</p><p num="0161"> In some embodiments, the teeth in the virtual articulator are color coded to indicate contact between the teeth.</p><p num="0162"> In some embodiments, a series of time-related events in the occlusal simulation is registered.</p><p num="0163"> In some embodiments, an occlusal compass is generated based on an occlusal simulation.</p><p num="0164"> In some embodiments, the occlusion compass produced by the actual dynamic occlusion in the patient's mouth is transferred to a dynamic virtual articulator.</p><p num="0165"> In some embodiments, the occlusal compass Protruding, Recession, Outward deviation to the right, Outward deviation to the left, Inward deviation to the right, Inward deviation to the left, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the right, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the left, Indicates movement in such a direction.</p><p num="0166"> In some embodiments, the occlusal compass shows different directions of movement with different colors on the teeth.</p><p num="0167"> A cusp compass for a cusp is a three-dimensional pattern that is the sum of the movements of the cusps in all three planes of movement. The occlusal compass has an elevation and dip angle, and for a given cusp, it may differ from that of any other cusp as a function of its relationship to the center of rotation of the mandible. Therefore, there is an advantage of using an occlusal compass because there is no one type of occlusal form suitable for all patients. Therefore, using an occlusal compass, morphological and functional repair may be designed to suit a particular patient.</p><p num="0168"> In some embodiments, the occlusal contact force at one or more portions above the tooth is registered.</p><p num="0169"> In some embodiments, the occlusal contact force over time at one or more portions above the tooth is registered.</p><p num="0170"> In some embodiments, the occlusal contact force is registered using an electronic sensor for measuring the occlusal contact force.</p><p num="0171"> In some embodiments, the registered occlusal contact force is transferred to a dynamic virtual articulator.</p><p num="0172"> This allows the occlusal contact force to be determined in the patient's mouth and electronically transferred to a dynamic virtual articulator for use in dynamic occlusal simulations, thus measuring the occlusal contact force. There is an advantage to using an electronic sensor for this, for example, T-Scan III (R) from Tekscan. Occlusal contact force measurements may be used to enhance dynamic virtual joint movements and simulations of a patient's occlusion.</p><p num="0173"> In some embodiments, the force of occlusion is simulated. The simulation is done in software, for example using a virtual articulator.</p><p num="0174"> In some embodiments, the occlusal registration and / or the simulated force is visualized.</p><p num="0175"> In some embodiments, a biophysical model of jaw functionality and occlusal force is generated.</p><p num="0176"> In some embodiments, data from force measurements are recorded using electronic components in the patient's mouth.</p><p num="0177"> In some embodiments, the data from the force measurement is transferred to and overlaid in the dynamic virtual articulator.</p><p num="0178"> In some embodiments, a CT scan of the patient's mouth will be generated, a virtual 3D model of the patient's mouth will be automatically generated based on the scan, and the occlusion will be simulated based on the 3D CT model. It is composed of.</p><p num="0179"> In some embodiments, the position and / or size of the jaw muscle is derived from a CT scan and is configured to simulate occlusal strength based on the muscle.</p><p num="0180"> In some embodiments, a CT scan of at least a portion of the patient's skull is transferred to a virtual articulator.</p><p num="0181"> In some embodiments, the constraints on the occlusal simulation are derived from CT scans.</p><p num="0182"> In some embodiments, one or more roots are visible on a CT scan and the root position is used to simulate tooth movement.</p><p num="0183"> In some embodiments, the 2D image of the patient is transferred to a virtual articulator.</p><p num="0184"> In some embodiments, the weight assigned to the tooth determines the importance of its functionality in inducing the patient's occlusion.</p><p num="0185"> In some embodiments, high weight indicates that the teeth are important for inducing occlusion.</p><p num="0186"> In some embodiments, low weight indicates that the teeth are not important for inducing occlusion.</p><p num="0187"> In some embodiments, medium weighting indicates that the importance of the tooth to induce occlusion is intermediate.</p><p num="0188"> In some embodiments, the central tooth and / or canine is assigned a high weight. The central teeth and / or canines of the upper and / or mandible are the longest teeth and are often the most important teeth for inducing occlusion, so there is an advantage in assigning high weight to these teeth. .. Therefore, these teeth are important for inducing occlusion and can adversely affect occlusion and should not preferably be moved, shortened, removed, restored or the like.</p><p num="0189"> In some embodiments, the occlusion of this pair of teeth is simulated and one or more designed restorations are selectively included in the simulation.</p><p num="0190"> In some embodiments, one or more designed repairs are modified based on occlusal simulation.</p><p num="0191"> In some embodiments, one or more repairs are modified for location and / or anatomy.</p><p num="0192"> In some embodiments, the virtual articulator is used to simulate occlusion when designing a partially removable denture for a patient.</p><p num="0193"> It is a problem if the restoration is too high, such as extending slightly above the adjacent tooth, as it can interfere with the patient's engagement and / or break easily. Therefore, it is desirable that the restoration on the adjusted tooth in the patient's mouth be lower or shorter than the adjacent tooth. Traditionally, when performing manual modeling of restoration, the dental technician manually pushes up the adjusted tooth slightly in the model model and then performs restoration. When virtual designing or modeling a repair in software, traditionally, the virtual lower model and the virtual upper model are virtually moved to have overlap, and then the repair is designed. This is done because the models are virtual models and therefore can penetrate each other in virtual 3D space in traditional software modeling.</p><p num="0194"> In some embodiments, the adjusted tooth in the virtual 3D model is accompanied by a distance from its actual position with respect to its adjacent tooth and / or its position in the gingiva before designing the adjusted tooth restoration. It is displaced so that it is arranged. When the restoration is designed on a displaced adjusted tooth, the restoration can be designed to be flush with the adjacent tooth, and the adjusted tooth with the restoration is in the virtual 3D model. When repositioned in its actual position, the restoration will be lower or shorter than the adjacent tooth, and therefore the actual restoration on the actual adjusted tooth in the patient's mouth will also be actual. Because it may be lower or shorter than the adjacent tooth of the mouth, thereby better protecting the restoration, which may be more fragile than the actual tooth, from collisions with other teeth in the mouth or food etc. , There are advantages. The distance at which the adjusted tooth is displaced may be in the range of a few millimeters, a few micrometers, and the like. The distance may be a vertical distance. According to the present embodiment, instead of moving the overlapping models, the adjusted teeth are displaced, so that the virtual modeling is performed in the same manner as the conventional manual work. The restoration has the advantage that it can be designed to have an occlusal surface distance, such as an extended occlusal surface distance, instead of being designed to be in contact. The occlusal distance is defined as the distance between the occlusal surfaces of the teeth in the upper and lower mouths, and in this context the occlusal distance is the distance between the restoration and the opposing tooth. May be defined as.</p><p num="0195"> In some embodiments, the gingival portion at the missing tooth position in the virtual 3D model is in fact before designing the implant restoration or the erection tooth in the bridge for the missing tooth position. It is displaced so that it is disposed with a distance from the position of. Implants, implant crowns, bridge teeth and the like have the advantage of being lower than adjacent teeth in order to protect implant restorations, bridge tooth restorations and the like from collisions and the like.</p><p num="0196"> In some embodiments, one or more contact criteria for occlusion are defined and used in the occlusion simulation.</p><p num="0197"> In some embodiments, one or more contact criteria Certain teeth must be in contact with each other, Maximum number of teeth must be in contact, The maximum area of the tooth surface must be in contact, Certain teeth must not be in contact, Maximum number of contact points must be obtained, Contact points must be evenly and spatially distributed over the tooth surface and / or The point of contact between the teeth must not be exposed beyond a certain distance during a dynamic occlusal movement, Can be included.</p><p num="0198"> Contact criteria may be used to estimate, correct, and / or improve a virtual articulator model, eg, a geometric and / or physiological model of a virtual articulator.</p><p num="0199"> The parameters of the virtual articulator model may be automatically optimized, adjusted, corrected, defined, determined, etc. by simulating the movement of the jaw in the articulator, and the simulation is performed on the virtual articulator model. It may be based.</p><p num="0200"> For example, since condyle tilt is an important parameter for many cases, the operator may often wish to optimize it.</p><p num="0201"> By improving the occlusion using parameters and contact criteria, the quality of the occlusion is improved with respect to the patient's actual physiological occlusion.</p><p num="0202"> For example, if the patient's occlusion data obtained from a mechanical articulator, facebow, etc. is incorrect or incorrect, parameters and contact criteria can be used to correct the occlusion.</p><p num="0203"> Also disclosed is a system for using a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when making a computer-aided design for one or more tooth restorations for a patient. Each has a virtual three-dimensional tooth model with an upper jaw, defined as a virtual upper jaw, similar to the upper and lower jaws of the patient's mouth, and a virtual three-dimensional tooth model with a lower jaw, defined as a virtual lower jaw. Means for providing a virtual articulator and Means for providing movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other to simulate dynamic occlusion, the means by which collisions between the teeth of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible occur. With The system also Provided are means for defining that the virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular teeth are prevented from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.</p><p num="0204"> Also disclosed is a virtual articulator system for using a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when making a computer-assisted orthodontic treatment plan for a patient. Each has a virtual three-dimensional tooth model with an upper jaw, defined as a virtual upper jaw, similar to the upper and lower jaws of the patient's mouth, and a virtual three-dimensional tooth model with a lower jaw, defined as a virtual lower jaw. Means for providing a virtual articulator and Means for providing movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible with respect to each other to simulate dynamic occlusion, the means by which collisions between the teeth of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible occur. With The system also Provided are means for defining that the virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular teeth are prevented from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.</p><p num="0205"> Also disclosed are tooth restorations formed according to the present invention.</p><p num="0206"> Orthodontic appliances for use in orthodontic treatment planning are also disclosed, and the appliances are designed according to the method.</p><p num="0207"> The above and / or additional objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will be further elucidated with reference to the accompanying drawings by the following exemplary and non-limiting detailed description of embodiments of the present invention. ..</p>
<figref num="1">FIG. 1 shows an example of a flowchart of the method.</figref><figref num="2">FIG. 2 shows an example of a virtual articulator.</figref><figref num="3">FIG. 3 shows an example of jaw movement to simulate occlusion.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 4 shows an example of modeling a restored tooth.</figref><figref num="5">FIG. 5 shows a schematic example of movement along the occlusal axis.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 6 shows an example of a virtual model of a set of teeth.</figref><figref num="7">FIG. 7 shows an example of a virtual occlusal surface.</figref><figref num="8">FIG. 8 shows a first embodiment of the virtual occlusal surface and virtual model before being adjusted for each other's position.</figref><figref num="9">FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the virtual occlusal surface and virtual model while being adjusted for each other's position.</figref><figref num="10">FIG. 10 shows an example of a virtual occlusal surface and a virtual model after being adjusted for each other's position.</figref><figref num="11">FIG. 11 shows an example of a virtual articulator.</figref><figref num="12">FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention.</figref><figref num="13">FIG. 13 shows an example of movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other.</figref><figref num="14">FIG. 14 shows an example of displacing a tooth position adjusted to design a restoration.</figref><figref num="15">FIG. 15 shows an example of displacing the position of the gingival portion to design a restoration.</figref><figref num="16">FIG. 16 shows an example of an occlusal compass.</figref><figref num="17">FIG. 17 shows an example of reproducing a record of jaw movement.</figref><figref num="18">FIG. 18 shows an example of modeling a restoration to compensate for a collision with the opposite tooth.</figref><figref num="19">FIG. 19 shows an example of a virtual articulator that resembles a physical articulator from a different manufacturer.</figref><figref num="20">FIG. 20 shows an example of a virtual articulator that exists only as a virtual articulator.</figref><figref num="21">FIG. 21 shows an example of moving trace.</figref><figref num="22">FIG. 22 shows an example of a virtual simulation of an orthodontic treatment plan.</figref><figref num="23">FIG. 23 shows an example of a virtual simulation of dental displacement.</figref><figref num="24">FIG. 24 shows an example of an orthodontic appliance for displacing a tooth.</figref>
In the following description, by way of example, the accompanying drawings showing how the present invention can be practiced are referred to.
FIG. 1 is an example of a flow chart showing steps in a computer-aided method of using a dynamic virtual articulator to simulate tooth occlusion when performing a computer-aided design of one or more tooth restorations for a patient. Is shown. In step 101, the virtual articulator is provided, comprising a virtual three-dimensional model of the maxilla and a virtual three-dimensional model of the mandible that resemble the upper and lower jaws of the patient's mouth, respectively. In step 102, movement of the virtual maxilla and virtual mandible relative to each other is provided to simulate dynamic occlusion, resulting in a collision between the virtual maxillary teeth and the virtual mandibular teeth. In step 103, the virtual maxillary and virtual mandibular teeth are provided to prevent them from penetrating each other's virtual surfaces in a collision.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a virtual articulator. FIG. 2a) shows a virtual maxilla 204 with teeth 206 and a virtual mandible 205 with teeth 206. The six teeth 207 of the maxilla 204 have been restored, and the virtual articulator 208 simulates the movement of the jaws 204, 205 to determine if the restored teeth 207 fit into the patient's mouth. Used to test. The virtual articulator 208 is represented by two axes, the occlusal axis 209 and the lateral and medial deviation axes 210. The jaws 204 and 205 move up and down along the occlusal axis 209, and the jaws 204 and 205 move forward and laterally both left and right along the lateral and medial deviation axes 210. The jaws 204, 205 can also perform a protrusion, which is a straight forward movement, and a retreat, which is a straight backward movement. The axes for these movements are not shown in the figure. In the figure, only the movement along the occlusal axis 209 is shown, while there is no movement along the lateral / medial deviation axis 210 or along the protruding / retracting axis (not shown). This is also seen in window 211 at the top left of the figure, where the parameter "occlusal" is 6.60, the parameter "outward deviation" is 0.00, and the parameter "protrusion / retreat" is also 0.00. The different possible directions of movement are Protruding, Recession, Outward deviation to the right, Outward deviation to the left, Inward deviation to the right, Inward deviation to the left, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the right, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the left It may be.
Figure 2b) shows another virtual articulator 208 with set opportunities 209, 210 to control the movement of the jaws 204, 205 along the occlusal axis, lateral deviation / medial deviation axis, protrusion / backward axis, etc. Shown. The recess 240 indicates where the dental technician places the default occlusal surface in the form of a rubber band.
FIG. 3 shows an example of jaw movement to simulate occlusion. Both jaws 204, 205 have unmodified teeth 206, and maxilla 204 also has restored teeth 207. The movement is done to simulate whether the restored tooth 207 fits into the mouth. FIG. 3a) shows jaws 204, 205 in the first position, where neither tooth 206 of jaws 204, 205 collides with the restored tooth 207. FIG. 3b) shows the jaws 204, 205 in the second position, where the jaws 204, 205 are close to each other, but there is still no collision between one of the teeth 206 and the restored tooth 207. .. FIG. 3c) shows the jaws 204, 205 in the third position, where the jaws 204, 205 are closer to each other. FIG. 3d) shows jaws 204, 205 in a third position having a circle 212 at point 213 where the teeth of jaws 204, 205 collide. The collision is between the restored tooth 207a of the maxilla 204 and the tooth 206a of the mandible 205.
FIG. 4 shows an example of modeling a restored tooth. FIG. 4a) shows the maxilla 204 turned with respect to the preceding figure, having a restored tooth 207a, another restored tooth 207, and an unmodified tooth 206. The restored tooth 207a collides with the mandibular tooth, as shown in FIG. 3d), and the collision point 214 is shown above the tooth 207a. The shadow of the collision point may indicate the penetration depth or pressure at which the tooth 207a and the mandibular tooth collide. Thus, light to dark shades indicate depth mapping or pressure mapping, where bright shades indicate low depth or light pressure and dark shadows indicate large depth or strong pressure. The teeth are not completely hard and are a little soft, so the teeth may be such that they can be slightly dented or deformed when colliding with each other. Therefore, the virtual teeth are not defined to be perfectly rigid and are a little soft or elastic, so that the virtual teeth can be slightly dented or deformed when virtually colliding with each other. It may be a thing.
Figure 4b) is the same as Figure 4a) and also shows a tool for modeling the restored tooth 207a. Since the tooth 207a collided with the mandibular tooth (see Figure 3d)), the restored 207a can be modeled so that it does not collide with the mandibular tooth. The tooth 207a can be modeled by dragging or morphing it to the left or right as indicated by the tool 215, and by dragging the tooth 207a up and down as indicated by the tool 216. Tooth 207a can also be modeled by dragging or morphing a point above it to the left or right side indicated by tool 217, and by dragging or morphing it to the adjacent tooth indicated by tool 218. You can also. While morphing or dragging the tooth 207a, the collision point 214 changes in response to these changes in the shape of the tooth, and then the tooth 207a no longer collides with the lower jaw tooth and then collides. It can be modeled to show that point 214 disappears from tooth 207a and that tooth 207a is modeled to avoid collisions with opposing teeth.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic example of movement along the occlusal axis. The figure shows a maxilla 204 with teeth 206 and a mandible 205 with teeth 206. Some of these teeth may be restored teeth and therefore the occlusion can be tested. The occlusal axis 209 is shown and the maxilla 204 is shown to be fixed to the occlusal axis. The mandible 205 can move relative to the maxilla 204, and thus the mandible can rotate around the occlusal axis 209. Therefore, the virtual articulator performs a crash test and evaluates the response along the occlusal axis 209, i.e. for a given configuration of other degrees of freedom, i.e. the other axis (see Figure 2), thereby thereby Find the first position on the occlusal axis where the two jaw models are in contact. This is a more specific purpose to reduce the dimensionality of the computational problem and to calculate the first intersection with the 3D model along a given circular path 219 around the occlusal stationary axis of rotation 209. Allows the use of search structures. Therefore, for each movement step along one of the other axes, ie, for each degree of freedom, when and at what point the teeth 206 of the jaws 204, 205 collide along the occlusal axis 209. It may be calculated.
FIG. 6 shows an example of a virtual model of a set of teeth. A virtual model 601 of a pair of teeth from a patient comprises a virtual lower bow 602 and a virtual upper bow / jaw 603. The six anterior teeth 604 of the upper bow 603 are marked with a different color than the remaining teeth 605 of the set of teeth. These six teeth 604 may be teeth that should or have been restored. The virtual model 601 may be presented in a graphical user interface that allows an operator, such as a dental technician or dentist, to design, simulate, and / or model a restoration for a patient, for example.
FIG. 7 shows an example of a virtual occlusal surface. Although the occlusal surface 706 is visualized as a flat circular surface, it is understood that the occlusal surface can have any shape. The occlusal surface is a plane that passes through the occlusal or occlusal surface of the tooth and represents the average curvature of the occlusal surface. Therefore, the occlusal surface can be flattened or undulated according to different heights of different teeth. A standard set of tooth 707 contours is occupied on the occlusal surface 706 to assist the operator in better matching the 3D position of the occlusal surface 706 with the virtual model. The virtual articulator 708 is represented by two axes, the occlusal axis 709 and the lateral and medial deviation axes 710. The upper and lower bows of the virtual model can move up and down along the occlusal axis 709, and the bow moves forward and laterally both left and right along the lateral and medial deviation axes 710. Can be done. The bow can also make a protrusion, which is a straight forward movement, and a retreat, which is a straight backward movement. The axes for these movements are not shown in the figure. The different possible directions of movement are Protruding, Recession, Outward deviation to the right, Outward deviation to the left, Inward deviation to the right, Inward deviation to the left, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the right, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the left It may be.
FIG. 8 shows a first embodiment of the virtual occlusal surface and virtual model before being adjusted for each other's position. A virtual model of the occlusal surface 806 and lower arch 802 with a standard set of teeth 807 is shown together. The occlusal surface 806 is shown tilted relative to the virtual model of the lower bow 802, and the occlusal surface 806 and the virtual model of the lower bow 802 intersect each other as can be seen by line of intersection 811.
FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the virtual occlusal surface and the virtual model when adjusted to each other's position. A virtual model of the occlusal surface 906 and lower arch 902 with a standard set of teeth 907 is shown together. The virtual models of occlusal surface 906 and lower arch 902 are nearly aligned because their slopes are the same or approximately the same, but some of the teeth of lower arch 902 are vertical to occlusal surface 906. A little higher than the position, the virtual models of occlusal surface 906 and lower bow 902 still intersect slightly with each other, as can be seen by line of intersection 911. The occlusal surface 906 and the lower arch 902 are not yet horizontally aligned because the standard set of teeth 907 on the occlusal surface 906 does not overlap the teeth of the lower arch 902.
FIG. 10 shows an example of a virtual occlusal surface and a virtual model after being adjusted for each other's position. A virtual model of the occlusal surface 1006 and lower arch 1002 with a standard set of teeth 1007 is shown together. The occlusal surface 1006 and the virtual model 1002 of the lower arch are aligned because they have the same inclination, and some of the teeth of the lower arch 1002 are slightly higher than the vertical position of the occlusal surface 1006. The occlusal surface 1006 and the lower bow virtual model 1002 still intersect slightly with each other, as can be seen by the intersection 1011. The occlusal surface 1006 and the lower arch 1002 are aligned horizontally because the standard set of teeth 1007 on the occlusal surface 1006 overlaps the teeth of the lower arch 1002. The alignment may be a three-point alignment, i.e., three points are used to perform the alignment.
FIG. 11 shows an example of a virtual articulator. The virtual articulator 1108 is a virtual version of a physical mechanical device used in dentistry in which a model of the upper and lower teeth is fixed and reproduces the recorded position of the lower teeth with respect to the upper teeth. The articulator can be adjustable in one or more areas such as condyle angle, Bennett lateral deviation, incisor and canine guidance, and glenoid and ridge shape. The articulator can reproduce normal downward movement during mastication. The articulator may be adjusted to accommodate many movements and positions of the lower teeth relative to the upper teeth as recorded in the mouth. Therefore, the virtual articulator may perform all movements and the like as a mechanical articulator.
The virtual articulator 1108 is fitted so that a virtual model of the lower teeth or mandible is placed on it and a virtual model of the upper teeth or upper jaw is placed on it. It is equipped with a top base 1110. Different virtual fittings, slides, or setting means 1111 show fittings, slides, and other settings for mechanical articulators that can adapt the different areas described above to specific patient characteristics.
FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention. In step 1201, the movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible with respect to each other is started. At step 1202, all collisions between the movements of the virtual maxilla and mandible relative to each other are registered. At step 1203, the movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other ends. In step 1204, each region of the repair where the collision point is registered is modeled.
FIG. 13 shows an example of movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other. FIG. 13a) shows the first position of movement between the maxilla 1304 and the mandible 1305. Both the mandible and maxilla are equipped with teeth 1306 and the maxilla with some restorations 1307. Figure 13b) shows the position during jaw movement. When the maxilla 1304 is moved relative to the mandible 1305, the restoration 1307 collides with the teeth 1306 as can be seen by the collision point 1314 with the contact area. Figure 13c) shows the end position of jaw movement, with all collision points marked above the teeth and restoration. Repair 1307 can be modeled by virtually removing or recreating material from the repair, thereby moving the jaws relative to each other, both virtually and in the patient's mouth. When done, the collision at point 1314 does not occur again.
FIG. 14 shows an example of displacing a tooth position adjusted to design a restoration.
FIG. 14a) shows an example of a 3D representation of a set of teeth 1400 in which teeth 1401 are adjusted for restoration of crowns and the like. Two adjacent teeth 1402 are also shown. Root 1403 is shown. Root 1403 may be derived from a CT scan or estimated based on a conventional 3D scan. Restoration design does not require looking at the root, but it is optional to indicate root 1403 in 3D representation so that it can help the operator design the restoration. Gingiva 1404 is also seen.
FIG. 14b) shows that the adjustment 1401 is displaced vertically from its position in the gingiva 1404 and from the adjacent tooth in order to reduce the distance to the antagonist when designing the restoration.
FIG. 14c) shows that when the adjustment is displaced from the gingiva 1404 and adjacent teeth, the restoration 1405, which is here in the form of a crown, is designed on the adjustment. Therefore, the restoration is designed with an occlusion that differs from the normal occlusion of the tooth. The upper edge of restoration 1405, when designed, has been shown to be substantially coplanar or flush with two adjacent teeth 1402.
FIG. 14d) shows the situation when the adjustment 1401 with the restoration 1405 is repositioned in its actual position after designing the restoration 1405. Restoration 1405 was designed to be flush with adjacent teeth 1402 when displaced, so restoration 1405 is shorter than adjacent teeth 1402 when repositioned in its original position. .. Therefore, in the patient's mouth, the restoration is shorter than the adjacent tooth and, therefore, the restoration, which may be more fragile than the actual tooth, is better protected.
FIG. 15 shows an example of displacing the position of the gingival portion to design a restoration.
FIG. 15a) is an example of a 3D representation of a set of teeth 1500 with missing teeth in the gingival area 1506. Missing teeth may be broken, dead, or missing due to illness. Restoration should be performed to replace the missing tooth in area 1506. Two adjacent teeth 1502 are also shown. Root 1503 is shown. Root 1503 may be derived from a CT scan or estimated based on a conventional 3D scan. Although the restoration design does not require looking at the root, it is optional to indicate the root 1503 in 3D representation as it may help the operator to design the restoration. Gingiva 1504 can also be seen. The restoration performed to replace the missing tooth may be a bridge. The bridge may include a erection tooth at the location of the missing tooth and two crowns on adjacent teeth 1502.
Figure 15b) shows that the two adjacent teeth have been adjusted, that is, the adjusted tooth 1501. The gingival area 1506 of the missing tooth is displaced from its original position in the gingiva.
Figure 15c) shows that the restoration, which is in the form of a bridge, is designed here. The erection tooth 1507 is placed in the location of the missing tooth and the crown 1505 is designed on top of the two adjustments 1501. The erection teeth are attached to the crown. The erection tooth 1507 is designed when the gingival region 1506 is displaced from its original position. The upper edge of the erection tooth 1507 is substantially coplanar or flush with the designed crown 1505 on two adjusted adjacent teeth 1501.
FIG. 15d) shows the situation when the erection tooth 1507 and the gingival region 1506 are positioned in their original positions after designing the erection tooth 1507. The erection tooth 1507 was designed to be flush with the crown 1505 of the adjacent tooth when displaced, so that when the erection tooth 1507 is repositioned in its original position, the erection tooth 1507 Is shorter than the crown 1505 of the adjacent tooth. Therefore, in the patient's mouth, the erection tooth is shorter than the crown of the adjacent tooth, and thus the erection tooth, which may be more fragile than the crown of the adjacent tooth, is better protected.
FIG. 16 shows an example of an occlusal compass. The occlusal compass Protruding, Recession, Outward deviation to the right, Outward deviation to the left, Inward deviation to the right, Inward deviation to the left, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the right, Lateral posterior upward deviation to the left, Indicates movement during dynamic occlusion in such a direction. The occlusal compass shows contact or collision in different colors and in different directions of movement. The color may be in accordance with the International Coloring Organization. The occlusal compass used in virtual simulation is a unique digital tool.
FIG. 17 shows an example of reproducing a record of jaw movement. The movements of the virtual maxilla and mandible relative to each other are recorded and the recording can be replayed to test the modeling before and / or after modeling the repair. A given movement sequence may also be reproduced.
FIG. 18 shows an example of modeling a restoration to compensate for a collision with the opposite tooth. During the movement of the virtual maxilla and the virtual mandible relative to each other, the collision marked on the restoration, the occlusion between the teeth is registered, and after the movement is completed, the collision point of the restoration is modeled. FIG. 19 shows an example of a virtual articulator that resembles a physical articulator from a different manufacturer. Figure 19a) shows an articulator from KaVo. Figure 19b) shows an articulator from SAM. Figure 19c) shows the articulator from Denar. Figure 19d) shows an articulator from Denar with an occlusal surface disposed against the virtual tooth model.
FIG. 20 shows an example of a virtual articulator that exists only as a virtual articulator. Figure 20a) shows a 3Shape virtual articulator. The articulator does not exist as a physical articulator. Figure 20b) shows a 3Shape virtual articulator with an occlusal surface disposed against a virtual tooth model.
FIG. 21 shows an example of moving trace. FIG. 21a) shows an example of a first collision point 2114 between an unmodified tooth 2106 and another unmodified tooth or restoration 2107 at time t1. FIG. 21b) shows an example of a subsequent collision point 2114 between an unmodified tooth 2106 and another unmodified tooth or restoration 2107 at time t2. FIG. 21c) shows an example of another subsequent collision point 2114 between an unmodified tooth 2106 and another unmodified tooth or restoration 2107 at time t3. FIG. 21d) shows a trace of the movement of the other unmodified tooth or restoration 2107 and tooth 2106 in three time examples t1, t2, t3. A trace of motion between tooth 2106 and the other unmodified tooth or restoration 2107 is indicated by arrow 2120. The surface of the collision point 2114 may be represented as a trace motion, a motion trace surface, or the like. Therefore, when unmodified teeth are simulated against each other, their motion traces or their surfaces cannot penetrate each other. The same may be the case for restorations on unmodified teeth. However, as an alternative, the kinetic surface of the restoration may penetrate the uncorrected tooth when the restoration and uncorrected teeth are simulated relative to each other. Therefore, terms such as collision surface, or collision point trace, or collision point surface are when the unmodified teeth are simulated to move relative to each other when the teeth collide and do not penetrate each other. To represent, and when the restoration may penetrate the uncorrected tooth, i.e., the restoration and the uncorrected tooth may penetrate each other, simulated for the uncorrected tooth Used both to indicate when to be. The simulated collision or collision surface between the uncorrected teeth may determine the movements that can be made between the upper and lower tooth models. This determined movement then designs the repair
FIG. 21e) shows a motion trace 2120 of restoration 2107 and tooth 2106 in four time examples t1, t2, t3, t4. Exercise is shown in three time examples t1, t2, t3, t4 and time examples located between the front and back. In Figure 21e), restoration 2107 and tooth 2106 are shown to penetrate each other during exercise. The surface of the collision or penetration point may be represented as trace motion 2120.
The tooth 2106 has been shown to move relative to the restoration 2107, but vice versa, that is, the restoration 2107 moves relative to the tooth 2107.
FIG. 22 shows an example of a virtual simulation of an orthodontic treatment plan. FIG. 22a) shows a virtual orthodontic model of a tooth with an upper model 2204 and a lower model 2205 in a virtual articulator 2208 for simulating occlusion. Occlusal simulation in a virtual articulator can detect and examine malocclusions and assist and / or determine orthodontic treatment plans. Orthodontic treatment can also be performed for purely cosmetic reasons when the patient's teeth are aesthetically pleasing. FIG. 22b) shows the tooth zoom-in in virtual models 2204, 2205, where the contact area or collision point 2214 is registered during the occlusal simulation. The detected contact area or collision point 2214 can be used in determining the treatment plan to be performed.
FIG. 23 shows an example of a virtual simulation of dental displacement. FIG. 23a) shows a virtual superior tooth model 2304 of a patient's tooth before orthodontic treatment, in which the tooth 2307 is not aesthetically arranged. The contact area or collision point 2314 detected or registered in the virtual articulator simulation is shown above the tooth. FIG. 23b) shows an example of a virtual upper tooth model 2304 with the proposed final result, which can be obtained after the displacement of the tooth 2307. Based on the image in Figure 23b), the patient can decide whether he wishes to have a dental displacement performed in order to obtain an aesthetic set of anterior teeth.
FIG. 24 shows an example of an orthodontic appliance for displacing a tooth. FIG. 24a) shows a virtual upper model 2404 and a virtual lower model 2405 in which a virtual orthodontic appliance 2430 in the form of a splint is shown to be placed on the teeth in the upper model 2404. Physical instruments may be worn on the teeth by the patient to treat temporary mandibular dysfunction. Instrument 2430 may be virtually designed using a virtual articulator, for example, as shown in FIG. 22a). FIG. 24b) shows a top view of the instrument 2430 on the virtual tooth model 2404. FIG. 24c) shows a perspective side view of the instrument 2430 on the virtual tooth model 2404. FIG. 24d) shows a bottom view of the instrument 2430. The instrument design in Figure 24 is courtesy of Tridentestense Ortodonzia Srl, Italy.
Although some embodiments have been described and shown in detail, the invention is not limited to them, but may also be embodied in other ways within the subject matter defined in the following claims. Good. Specifically, it should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
In the device claims enumerating several means, some of these means can be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The mere fact that certain means are described in different dependent claims or described in different embodiments does not indicate that the combination of these means cannot be used in an advantageous manner.
As used herein, the term "provide" is construed as identifying the presence of a described feature, integer, step, or component, but one or more other features, integers, steps, It should be emphasized not to exclude the existence or addition of components, or their groups.
When a claim refers to any one of the above claims, this is understood to mean one or more of the said claims.
The features of the methods described above and below may be implemented in software and performed on a data processing system or other processing means caused by the execution of computer executable instructions. The instruction may be a program code means loaded into a memory such as RAM from a storage medium or from another computer via a computer network. Alternatively, the described features may be implemented by wiring-connected circuits on behalf of the software or in combination with the software.
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Every citation, both ways
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| KR20210132973A | Cited by | Republic of Korea | Search report |
| WO2003092536A1 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | – |
| JP2005193028A | Cites | Japan | – |
| WO2009035142A1 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | – |
| JP2010017467A | Cites | Japan | – |
| WO2007021007A1 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | – |
33 members in 13 offices
Priority claims37
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Members33
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| WO2011103876A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| AU2011220162A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| EP2549946A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| CN102933171A | China | A | |
| US2013066598A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| MX2012009824A | Mexico | A | |
| KR20130048202A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| JP2013520251A | Japan | A | |
| EP2549946A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| RU2012139477A | Russian Federation | A | |
| RU2567604C2 | Russian Federation | C2 | |
| CN102933171B | China | B | |
| AU2011220162B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| JP5859986B2This record | Japan | B2 | |
| KR101785586B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| CA2790243C | Canada | C | |
| EP2549946B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| DK2549946T3 | Denmark | T3 | |
| US2019216580A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| ES2721878T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| US2019290408A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| EP3583910A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| BR112012021294A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
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| US11751981B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP4059471B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
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Numbers
- Publication
- 5859986
- Publication, DOCDB
- 5859986
- Publication, EPODOC
- JP5859986B
- Application
- 2012554216
- Application, DOCDB
- 2012554216
- Application, EPODOC
- JP20120554216
Titles2
- Japanese
- 動的仮想咬合器
- English
- Dynamic virtual articulator
Classification
- CPC, 8
- A61C11/00
- A61C13/0004
- A61C9/0053
- A61C9/0086
- A61C19/045
- A61C19/05
- A61C5/77
- G16H20/40
- IPC, 2
- A61C13 00
- A61C19 05
