Techniques for performing efficient link adaptation in wireless personal networks
15 claims: 3 independent, 12 dependent
- 1送信機と少なくとも1つの受信機との間の無線リンクのリンク適合を実行する方法において、 前記送信機により、第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を生成するステップと、 前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を前記少なくとも1つの受信機に送信するステップと、 第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を前記送信機で受信すると、前記送信機に関して最適な送信パラメータを決定するステップと、を有し、前記決定が、送信されるデータストリームの要件、リンク品質情報及び受信されたパケットの数に部分的に基づき、前記リンク品質情報及び前記受信されたパケットの数は、受信された前記第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素に含まれ、前記第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素が、前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素に基づき、前記少なくとも1つの受信機により生成されて、送信される、方法。
- 2前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を生成するステップが更に、 前記エンハンスドリンク適合情報要素の要素識別フィールドをセットするステップと、 長さフィールドを前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素の長さにセットするステップと、 前記エンハンスドリンク適合情報要素の少なくとも1つのLINKフィールドのサブフィールドを設定するステップとを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 3前記少なくとも1つのLINKフィールドのサブフィールドをセットするステップが更に、 ターゲットデバイスアドレス・サブフィールドを前記少なくとも1つの受信機のアドレスにセットするステップと、 前記リンクフィールドの動作モード、データストリームモード及び即時的なフィードバックモードを指定するため、制御サブフィールドをセットするステップと、 ストリームビットマップサブフィールドにおいて少なくとも1つのビットをセットするステップとを有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 4前記動作モードが、リクエストモードにセットされ、前記データストリームモード及び前記即時的なフィードバックモードは、所定の方針に基づきセットされる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 5前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素は、前記即時的なフィードバックモードに基づきスケジュール化される時間において、前記少なくとも1つの受信機に送られる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 6前記第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素が、要素IDフィールド、長さフィールド及びリンクフィールドを含み、前記リンクフィールドは、ターゲットDevAddrサブフィールド、制御サブフィールド、ストリームビットマップサブフィールド、リンク品質情報サブフィールド、非ACK受信サブフィールドを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 7前記制御サブフィールドをセットするステップと、 前記ターゲットDevAddrサブフィールドを前記送信機のアドレスにセットするステップと、 前記少なくとも1つの受信機により測定されるリンク品質情報を前記リンク品質情報サブフィールドに含めるステップと、 前記ストリームビットマップサブフィールドにおいて指定される各データストリームに関して、少なくとも正確に受信したデータパケットの数を前記Non−ACKサブフィールドに含めるステップとを更に有する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 8前記リンク品質情報が、受信信号の平均信号対ノイズ比及び受信信号強度インジケータの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 9前記データストリームの要件が、保証されたクオリティオブサービス、送信されるデータストリームのタイプ及びレイテンシの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 10前記データストリームの要件を満たすための最大許容PERであるパケットエラーレート閾値を計算するステップと、前記最適な送信パラメータを決定するため、推定されたPERと前記PER閾値とを比較するステップとを更に有する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 11前記データストリームの要件を満たすための最大許容PERであるパケットエラーレート閾値を計算するステップと、 正確に受信したパケットの数と送信されたパケットの数との比率である現実のPERを計算するステップと、 前記最適な送信パラメータを決定するため、前記現実のPERと前記PER閾値とを比較するステップとを更に有する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 12前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素が、周期的なリンク適合を実行するため前記送信機のビーコン期間において、又は、オンデマンドのリンク適合を実行するためプローブ命令フレームとしてのいずれかの態様で送信される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 13前記送信機及び前記少なくとも1つの受信機がWiMediaに基づく無線パーソナルエリアネットワークにおいて動作する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 14実行されるとき、プロセッサに、送信機と少なくとも1つの受信機との間の無線リンクのリンク適合処理を実行させるコンピュータプログラムであって、前記リンク適合処理が、 前記送信機により、第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を生成するステップと、 前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を前記少なくとも1つの受信機に送信するステップと、 第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素を前記送信機で受信すると、前記送信機に関して最適な送信パラメータを決定するステップと、を有し、前記決定が、送信されるデータストリームの要件、リンク品質情報及び受信されたパケットの数に部分的に基づき、前記リンク品質情報及び前記受信されたパケットの数は、受信された前記第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素に含まれ、前記第2のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素が、前記第1のエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素に基づき、前記少なくとも1つの受信機により生成されて、送信される、コンピュータプログラム。
- 15無線ネットワークにおいて動作可能であり、前記無線ネットワークにおける送信のためエンハンスドリンク適合情報要素のフレーム構造を形成することが可能なデバイスであって、 前記エンハンスドリンク適合情報要素が、 要素識別フィールドと、 前記エンハンスドリンク適合情報要素のサイズを指定する長さフィールドと、 前記送信機と受信機との間のリンク適合フィードバック機構を提供するための複数のリンクフィールドとを含み、 前記複数のリンクフィールドのそれぞれは、ターゲットデバイスのアドレスを指定するターゲットデバイスアドレスサブフィールドと、前記リンクフィールドの動作モード、データストリームモード及び即時的なフィードバックモードを指定する制御サブフィールドと、ストリームビットマップサブフィールドと、前記受信機と前記送信機との間の無線リンクのリンク品質測定を含むリンク品質情報サブフィールドと、前記ストリーム・ビットマップ・サブフィールドにおいて各データストリームに関する正確に受信したデータパケットの数を指定する非ACKサブフィールドとを含む、デバイス。
Independent claims15
27 paragraphs, as filed
This application claims priority interests under US Provisional Application Serial Numbers 61/140, 801 filed December 24, 2008.
The present invention generally relates to WiMedia Media Access Control (MAC) protocols, and more specifically to MAC link conformance techniques.
WiMedia Specification Version 1.0 for Ultra Wideband (UWB) Systems defines a fully distributed Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). WPAN is designed to allow communication between devices within a short range (eg, about 10 meters). The WiMedia MAC protocol provides a mechanism for parallel communication between devices in this network.
The WiMedia specification supports many different transmit (channel) rates. This rate includes 53.3 Mbps, 80 Mbps, 106.7 Mbps, 160 Mbps, 200 Mbps, 320 Mbps, 400 Mbps and 480 Mbps. The new generation of WiMedia Alliance version 1.5 was developed to allow for higher transmission rates up to 1 Gbps.
The bandwidth and supported transmission rates available in UWB can be utilized to enable advanced applications such as real-time multimedia streaming and medical applications. However, such applications have stringent quality of service (QoS) and latency requirements. This cannot be met when fixed transmission rates are used to transfer data over the wireless link between the two devices. In addition, the quality of the wireless link changes dynamically based on the condition and can obviously be degraded if there is a moving object around the link. For example, people walking or standing in the line of sight between two devices reduce the quality of the wireless link between the devices.
<p num="0006"> To this end, WiMedia MAC allows the receiver (ie, the device receiving the data) to consider the current link state and select the optimal transmission parameters, eg rate, to the transmitter (ie, the device transmitting the data). It implements a link matching technique that makes it possible to transfer these transmit parameters. The transmitter can, in turn, change its transmission parameters according to these. However, the receiver may not be able to select the optimal parameters when the receiver is unable to obtain accurate information about the traffic pattern / load and QoS requirements of the incoming data stream.</p><p num="0007"> In addition, the current WiMedia MAC protocol provides limited support for link matching. In particular, there are only link feedback information elements designed to support link conformance. The receiver can use the link feedback information element to provide the transmitter with the proposed transmission rate and power. There is no other way to match other transmission parameters, such as physical layer packet size. This parameter can have a significant impact on the overall performance of the WiMedia network.</p><p num="0008"> Therefore, it is advantageous to provide an efficient link matching technique utilized by the WiMedia MAC protocol.</p>
<p num="0009"> Specific embodiments herein include a method of performing link matching of a wireless link between a transmitter and at least one receiver. This method involves generating a first enhanced link conformance (ELA) information element by the transmitter and transmitting the first ELA information element to at least one receiver. The step and the step of determining the optimum transmission parameter for the transmitter when the second ELA information element is received by the transmitter, wherein the second ELA information element is the first ELA information element. Based on the above, the step is generated and transmitted by at least one of the receivers.</p><p num="0010"> Certain embodiments herein further include devices that are operational in a wireless network and capable of forming a frame structure of ELA information elements for transmission in the wireless network. The ELA information element comprises an element identification field, a length field that specifies the size of the ELA information element, and a plurality of link fields for providing a link conforming feedback mechanism between the transmitter and the receiver. Each of the plurality of link fields includes a target device address (DevAddr) subfield that specifies the address of the target device, and a control sub that specifies at least the operation mode, data stream mode, and immediate feedback mode of the link field. With respect to the fields, the stream bitmap subfield, the link quality information subfield including the link quality measurement of the wireless link between the receiver and the transmitter, and each data stream specified in the stream bitmap subfield. Includes a non-ACK (Non-ACK) subfield that specifies at least the number of data packets received accurately.</p><p num="0011"> The subject matter of the present invention is pointed out in detail in the claims as a conclusion of the specification and is explicitly claimed. The aforementioned and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.</p>
<figref num="1">It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the enhanced drink conformity (ELA) information element by an embodiment.</figref><figref num="2">It is the schematic which shows the structure of the link field of ELA information.</figref><figref num="3">It is a flowchart which shows the feedback link conforming technique by a certain embodiment.</figref>
It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of many advantageous uses of the teachings of the invention herein. In general, the description given herein does not limit any of the various inventions described in the claims. In addition, some statements may apply to some features of the invention but not to others. A single element can be plural, without loss of generality, unless other aspects are generally indicated. The reverse is also true. In drawings, similar numbers refer to similar parts through multiple indications.
According to a particular principle, a link matching technique performed by the WiMedia MAC protocol is provided. The disclosed technology is based on new information elements called "enhanced drink conformance" or (ELA) information elements and feedback processing realized by receivers and transmitters. Therefore, the receiver feeds back the link quality information to the transmitter, and the transmitter selects its transmission parameters (eg, rate and power) based on the requirements of the data stream to be transmitted and this link quality information. The information used as part of the feedback process is encapsulated in the ELA information elements schematically shown in FIG.
The ELA information element 100 includes an element identifier (ID) field 110 indicating an ID assigned to the ELA information element 100, and a length field 120 indicating the length of the ELA information element 100, preferably as the number of octets, from 130-1. A large number of N LINK fields up to 130-N (where N is an integer of 1 or more), including fields individually referred to below as LINK fields 130. The LINK field 130 corresponds to a target device that can be a receiver or transmitter and has a variable length. Thus, when the ELA information element contains a plurality of LINK fields 130, each can be directed to a different target device. The ELA information element 100 can be transmitted during the beacon period of the device to perform periodic link conformation, or is transmitted as a probe command frame that allows the transmitter to initiate link conformation. be able to.
Illustrative and non-limiting diagrams of the LINK field 130 are given in FIG. The LINK field 130 includes subfields of target device address (DevAddr) 210, control 220, stream bitmap 230, link quality information (LQI) 240, and non-ACK 250. The target DevAddr210 indicates the address of the device to which the LINK field 130 should be transmitted.
The control subfield 220 indicates the operation mode of the LINK field 130. This can be in request or response mode. In request mode, the LINK field 130 is activated to request the target device identified in the target DevAddr210 to send the required link conformance information. This information includes link quality information and the number of unreceived packets contained in the subfields LQI240 and Non-ACK250, respectively. In response mode, the LINK field 130 is a response to a previously received LINK field request. The control subfield 220 also indicates the data stream mode of the LINK field 130. This mode can be either enabled or disabled. When the data stream mode is disable, the LINK field 130 does not include the subfield stream bitmap 230 and the Non-ACK 250.
According to one embodiment, when the LINK field 130 is set to response mode, the data stream mode should be set in its corresponding LINK field 130 as a request previously received from the target device. When the data stream mode is enabled, the stream bitmap subfield 230 is included and at least one bit of the subfield 230 is set to 1. In that case, if the i-th bit of the stream bitmap subfield 230 is set to 1, it will be the current device and the requested (in request mode) or reported (in response mode) target. Determine the number of packets received in the previous superframe of the i-th data stream to and from the device. As will be described later, the exact number of packets received in the individual data streams is indicated in the Non-ACK subfield 250. This information can be used, for example, by a MAC layer link matching mechanism to further improve performance.
The control subfield 220 also indicates whether immediate feedback is requested. Immediate feedback is usually requested when the ELA information element 100 is transmitted in the probe command frame and not during the beacon period. In request mode, when immediate feedback is requested, the receiver responds immediately with a probe command frame to feed back the required link quality information to the transmitter. This frame contains an ELA information element. If the LINK field 130 is set to request mode and no immediate feedback is requested, the receiver will feed back the required link quality information to the transmitter, thus superimposing X (where X is a constant). Respond with ELA information element 100 transmitted during that beacon period not slower than the frame. Note that when the ELA information element 100 includes multiple LINK fields 130 directed to different devices, each can be set with a different mode of operation (ie, request or response), data stream mode and feedback policy. I want to.
The LQI subfield 240 is used to feed back link quality information. Such information is produced by the receiver and is not limited to, but is limited to, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received signal, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), or any other link quality parameter. Alternatively, a combination thereof can be included. The link quality information is utilized by the receiver to perform the link conformation. When set to response mode, the LQI subfield 240 is included in the LINK field 130.
The Non-ACK subfield 250 contains exactly the number of data packets received corresponding to each data stream specified in the stream bitmap subfield 230. That is, for each i-th bit set to 1 in subfield 230, the Non-ACK subfield 250 represents the exact number of data packets received for the i-th data stream. For example, the stream bitmap subfield 230 contains K bits set to 1 (K is greater than or equal to 1), and their corresponding bit indexes are e.<sub>k</sub>> ... > e<sub>2</sub>> E<sub>1</sub>When expressed as, the length of the Non-ACK subfield 250 is equal to the ceil (WK / 8) octet. Here, ceil (.) Is a ceiling function. Therefore, bit b in subfield 250<sub>wi-1</sub>-B<sub>wi-w</sub>Is received by the receiver e<sub>j</sub>Contains the exact number of data packets received in the second data stream. The parameter W is an integer greater than 1 and is equal to 10 in a preferred embodiment. According to one embodiment of the invention, the Non-ACK subfield 250 is a recommended value for transmit parameters or parameters specific to any other data stream corresponding to each data stream specified in the stream bitmap subfield 230. Can be included. The Non-ACK subfield 250 is included when the LINK field 130 is set to response mode and data stream mode is enabled.
FIG. 3 shows a non-limiting and exemplary flowchart 300 illustrating a link conformance feedback method according to an embodiment of the present invention. This method will be described with reference to specific and non-limiting examples. In this case, the transmission parameters are selected to provide optimal transmission over the wireless link between the transmitter and a single receiver. Receivers and transmitters are adjacent devices in a wireless network. The transmitter can initiate link conformance feedback processing via a beacon frame or a probe command frame. Note that this method can be used to perform link conformance feedback on the wireless links of any number of adjacent devices in the wireless network. In addition, this method can be performed by the MAC protocol specified in the WiMedia specifications, or any other MAC protocol designed to support communication in the WPAN.
In step S310, the first ELA information element (eg, ELA information element 100) is generated by the transmitter. In particular, the first ELA information element is an element ID field (eg, field 110) and its value, a length field (eg, field 120) and its value, and a LINK field (eg, field), based on the number of target devices. It is constructed to include 130). As mentioned above, this method has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments where only a single receiver is the target device. Therefore, the first ELA information element contains only one LINK field. In step S320, a subfield of the LINK field is set. In particular, the target DevAddr subfield (eg, subfield 210) is set to the MAC address of the receiver, and the control subfield (eg, subfield 220) is predetermined for the transmitter, operating mode, data stream. Set to mode and immediate feedback mode. In particular, when the transmitter knows the link quality, the operating mode is set to request mode and the LINK field is constructed without the LQI and Non-ACK subfields. In step S330, the first ELA information element is transmitted to the receiver as part of a periodic beacon or probe command frame. Transmissions are scheduled based on the immediate feedback mode selected.
In step S340, in response to receiving the first ELA information element, the receiver measures the quality of the wireless link between the two devices. As mentioned above, the measurements can include, but are not limited to, SNR, RSSI, and the like. In step S350, the second ELA information element is constructed by the receiver to include an element ID field, a length field and a LINK field. The LINK field is set to include the address of the transmitter in the target DevAddr. The operating mode of the control subfield is set to the response mode, and the data stream and immediate feedback mode are selected based on a pre-determined policy for the receiver. When data stream mode is enabled, the LINK field of the second ELA information element should include the exact number of data packets received in the Non-ACK subfield for each data stream specified in the stream bitmap subfield. Will be built. In addition, the LINK field includes an LQI subfield to identify the measured link quality value. In step S360, the second ELA information element is transmitted to the transmitter as part of a periodic beacon or probe command frame. Transmissions are scheduled based on the immediate feedback mode selected.
In step S370, in response to the reception of the second ELA information element, the transmitter transmits not only the link quality information embedded in the received second ELA information and / or the number of received packets embedded. Optimal transmission parameters (including at least rate and power) are also determined based on the data stream requirements. Data stream requirements can include QoS, data type, latency, and so on.
According to certain embodiments of the present invention, it is used to estimate the packet error rate (PER) for each data rate mode and each possible packet size option based on the received link quality information (eg, SNR or RSSI). The optimal transmission parameters are determined using the lookup table. Look-up table values can be pre-determined based on simulation or field measurements. Based on the data stream requirements, the transmitter can calculate the PER threshold (PER_TH). This is the maximum permissible PER that meets all the requirements of the data stream. The transmitter can compare the estimated PER with PER_TH and select the highest data rate with the larger packet size from all options that can achieve better PER performance than PER_TH.
According to another exemplary embodiment, the optimum transmission parameters can be determined by estimating the actual PER value by the transmitter. Since the transmitter knows the number of packets sent and the number of packets exactly received (specified in the Non-ACK subfield), the transmitter knows the number of packets correctly received and the number of packets transmitted. The actual PER value (PER_e) can be estimated based on the ratio to the number.
When PER_e is less than or equal to PER_TH, the transmitter can maintain or reduce its transmission power. If PER_e is greater than PER_TH, the transmitter can increase its transmit power to improve performance.
The feedback process described herein can be performed periodically or, for example, on demand when link quality deteriorates. According to another embodiment, the receiver may also initiate a link conformance feedback method, eg, when the receiver detects that the quality of the link has changed. In this embodiment, the receiver generates an ELA information element that includes at least one of the measured link information and the number of packets received accurately. Then, as described in detail above, ELA information is sent to the transmitter that determines the transmission parameters.
The above-mentioned detailed description describes a few of the many forms that the present invention can take. It should be noted that the above detailed description describes selected of the forms that the invention can take and is not understood to limit the provisions of the invention. It is only the claims that define the scope of the invention, which claims include all equal scope.
Most preferably, the principles of the invention are realized as any combination of hardware, firmware and software. Further, the software is preferably implemented as a program storage unit or an application program explicitly represented on a computer-readable medium. This application program can be uploaded to and run by any machine with the appropriate architecture. Preferably, the machine is implemented on a computer platform with hardware such as, for example, one or more central processing units ("CPUs"), memory and input / output interfaces. The computer platform can also include an operating system and microcode. Even if such a computer or processor is not specified, the various processes and functions described herein may be with parts of the microinstruction code or parts of the application program that can be executed by the CPU or any combination thereof. can do. In addition, various other peripherals, such as additional data storage units and printing units, can be connected to this computer platform.
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| Document | Relation | Office |
|---|---|---|
| WO2008149304A2 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |
| JP11150530A | Cites | Japan |
| JP2007019729A | Cites | Japan |
| JP2007288708A | Cites | Japan |
| Agere, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, NEC, Philips and Samsung,Wireless Universal Serial Bus Specification,2005年 5月12日,page 145,http://www.gaw.ru/pdf/interface/usb/WirelessUSBSpec_1.0_english.pdf | Non-patent | – |
| WiMedia ALLIANCE,Distributed Medium Access Control(MAC) for Wireless Networks,MAC Specification: Release 1.5,2009年12月 1日,page 101,http://www.wimedia.org/en/docs/091819r01aWM_BOD-only-Specification_1.5.pdf | Non-patent | – |
14 members in 7 offices
Priority claims8
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
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| 14080108 | United States of America | P | |
| 14080108 | United States of America | P | |
| 2009055265 | International Bureau of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | W | |
| 2009055265 | International Bureau of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | W | |
| 61140801 | – | – | – |
| IB2009055265 | – | – | – |
| US20080140801P | – | – | – |
| WO2009IB55265 | – | – | – |
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| WO2010073143A2 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A2 | |
| WO2010073143A3 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A3 | |
| TW201101912A | Taiwan Province of China | A | |
| KR20110099046A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| US2011255438A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| EP2382731A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| CN102265547A | China | A | |
| JP2012514368A | Japan | A | |
| JP5647142B2This record | Japan | B2 | |
| TWI487422B | Taiwan Province of China | B | |
| KR101531374B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| US9319175B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP2382731B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| CN106850130A | China | A |
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- JP5647142B
- Application
- 2011542931
- Application, DOCDB
- 2011542931
- Application, EPODOC
- JP20110542931
Titles2
- Japanese
- 無線パーソナルネットワークにおける効率的なリンク適合を実行するための技術
- English
- Technology for performing efficient link matching in wireless personal networks
Classification
- CPC, 7
- H04L1/0026
- H04L65/40
- H04L1/0027
- H04L5/0007
- H04L1/00
- H04L5/00
- H04W28/02
- IPC, 2
- H04W28 18
- H04W24 10
