Illumination device, illuminating tool, and display device
17 claims: 6 independent, 11 dependent
- 1照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)であって、 光を生成する機能層配列(23,23A)を含み、少なくとも一部が光透過性である、少なくとも一つの有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)、 前記有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)により発せられた光を、前記照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)から取り出し、かつ周辺光を前記照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)に取り込む光通過領域(7,7A,7B)、 前記光通過領域(7,7A,7B)を通って取り込まれた周辺光の少なくとも一部を反射して、前記光通過領域(7,7A,7B)に戻す再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)を含み、 前記機能層配列(23,23A)が前記光通過領域(7,7A,7B)と前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)との間に配置され、 前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)は波長選択的であり、カラーフィルター層により波長選択的に具現化され、前記カラーフィルター層は、前記有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)と、前記照明デバイスにおいて前記光通過領域から遠い側と、の間に配置されており、 前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)は、前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)から反射されて前記光通過領域に戻され前記照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)から取り出された一部の周辺光が、前記有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)により発せられる光と同じ光印象を実現するように、前記有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)の発光極大波長を有する電磁放射線を反射する、 照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 2前記光通過領域(7,7A,7B)に、一定の入射角度で当たる周辺光が、前記照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)に取り込まれ、かつ前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)により反射されて前記光通過領域(7,7A,7B)に戻され、前記照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)から、前記光通過領域(7,7A,7B)に対する一定の出射角度で取り出され、 前記出射角度は、前記入射角度と実質的に同一である、請求項1に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 3前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)は、波長選択的ミラー層により波長選択的に具現化されている、請求項1または2に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 4前記光通過領域(7)と前記機能層配列(23)との間の少なくとも一部に配置された少なくとも一つのカラーフィルター層(6)を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1)。
- 5互いに横方向に並んで配置された複数の有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 6異なる種類のカラーフィルター層(6,6A,6B)が、前記互いに横方向に並んで配置された少なくとも2つの有機発光素子(2,2A,2B、2C,2C’)に配置されている、請求項4または5に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 7複数の有機発光素子(2A,2B)を含み、それらの機能層配列(23)は互いに重なっている、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 8前記再帰反射器(5,5A,5B)は、複数のビーム整形部材(50)を含む反射層(51)を有し、 少なくとも一つの前記ビーム整形部材(50)は、前記反射層(51)の表面の凹みを有するか、もしくは凹みからなり、かつ/または 前記少なくとも一つの前記ビーム整形部材(50)は、レンズ部材を有するか、もしくはレンズ部材からなる、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 9前記再帰反射器(5)は、複数のビーム整形部材(50)を含む反射層(51)を有し、 少なくとも一つのビーム整形部材(50)は、前記反射層(51)の表面の凹み、およびレンズ部材を有し、かつ 前記レンズ部材は、部分的に凹みの内部に配置され、かつ凹みから光通過領域(7)に向かって突出している、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 10前記再帰反射器(5)は、光透過性のキャリア層(52)の少なくとも一部に配置され、一部が反射性である複数のビーム整形部材(50)を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 11フレキシブルである、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 12警告マークまたは反射器である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)。
- 13請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)を含む、輸送手段のための照明器具(10)。
- 14請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)を含む、ディスプレイデバイス(100)。
- 15請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)および/または請求項14に記載のディスプレイデバイス(100)を有する 手 荷物。
- 16請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の照明デバイス(1,1A,1B)および/または請求項14に記載のディスプレイデバイス(100)を有する衣服(9)。
- 17それぞれの再帰反射器(5A,5B)が互いに向かい合うように配置された請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の二つの照明デバイス(1A,1B)を有し、前記再帰反射器(5A,5B)は、前記照明デバイス(1A,1B)の基板(21A,21B)と一体化されており、前記基板(21A,21B)の後方の主面は、凹み(50A,50B)付きで構築されている、 照明器具(10)。
Independent claims17
5 paragraphs, as filed
The application relates to luminaires, luminaires and display devices.
This patent application claims the priority of German patent applications 102007046723.2 and 102007054037.1. The disclosures of these applications are incorporated herein by reference.
Many different lighting devices are known, including different lighting means. Examples of lighting means include incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and light emitting diodes.
<p> An object of the present application is to identify a lighting device with good visibility when not in operation.</p><p> The object is achieved by the means of the luminaire, luminaire, display device described in the appended claims. Preferred configurations and embodiments are specified in the dependent claims, respectively. The disclosure of the claims is expressly incorporated into the specification by reference.</p><p> Identify a lighting device. The lighting device includes an organic light emitting element. Further, the illuminating device has a light passage area, which extracts the light emitted by the organic light emitting element from the illuminating device and takes ambient light into the illuminating device. Further, the illuminating device has a light passing region in which the light emitted by the organic light emitting element is taken out from the illuminating device and the ambient light is taken into the illuminating device.</p><p> Further, the illuminating device has a retroreflector, which reflects at least a portion of the ambient light captured through the light-passing region and returns it to the light-passing region. At least a portion of the ambient light reflected by the retroreflector is preferably extracted from the light emitting device through the light transit region.</p><p> In this application, "peripheral light" is understood to mean visible electromagnetic radiation generated by an external source of light outside the lighting device. As an example, headlights (eg, vehicle headlights), street or indoor lighting, and / or the sun are preferred as external sources of light.</p><p> The specular reflector reflects the ambient light incident on the specular reflector from the light passing region and returns it in substantially the same direction as the incident direction at a wide range of incident angles. In other words, a part of the light rays incident on the retroreflector and a part of the light rays reflected by the retroreflector are substantially parallel. In this case, the incident angle is the angle of intersection of the incident part of the light beam with the normal to the region of the main extension plane of the specular reflector. Specifically, the incident portion and the reflecting portion form an intersection angle of 15 ° or less, preferably an intersection angle of 10 ° or less, and more preferably an intersection angle of 5 ° or less. The upper limit of the incident angle is, for example, 45 ° or more, preferably 60 ° or more, and more preferably 75 ° or more.</p><p> In one embodiment, the retroreflector has slight scattering. In other words, the incident part of the ray is reflected back into a narrow, divergent beam cone. The beam cone has a center of gravity axis that is substantially parallel to the incident portion of the light beam. That is, the axis of gravity forms an intersecting angle with the incident portion of the light beam, for example, 15 ° or less, preferably 10 ° or less, more preferably 5 ° or less.</p><p> The opening angle of the beam cone is preferably 15 ° or less, more preferably 10 ° or less; 0.5 ° or more, more preferably 2 ° or more. Here, the opening angle is the angle of intersection between the axis of the center of gravity and the envelope surface of the beam cone. The envelope surface is specifically a combination of all points separated from the centroid axis selected so that the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation is 1 / e of the intensity at the centroid axis.</p><p> Specular reflection into a narrow divergent beam cone is not intended, for example, to reflect incident rays from, for example, an external light source (eg, automobile headlights) and return them directly to the external light source, rather, for example, an external light source. This is advantageous when the purpose is to be recognized by an observer (for example, a driver of a car) in the vicinity of the.</p><p> The organic light emitting device has at least a part of light transmission and is preferably transparent. The organic light emitting device, or at least its functional layer sequence, is arranged between the light passing region and the retroreflector. In other words, the retroreflector, the functional layer array, and the light passing region are continuous in this order from the rear to the front of the lighting device. As a result, at least a part of the ambient light taken into the illuminating device through the light passing region is guided through the organic light emitting element or at least the functional layer array and penetrates into the retroreflector. Therefore, preferably, at least a part of the ambient light reflected by the retroreflector and taken out from the illuminating device through the light passing region also passes through the light transmitting organic light emitting device.</p><p> Ambient light that hits the light-passing region at a predetermined incident angle is taken into the lighting device by the specular reflector, reflected by the specular reflector and returned to the light-passing region, and at a constant emission angle with respect to the light-passing region. Taken out of the lighting device. The exit angle is substantially the same as the incident angle. Here, the incident angle or the emitted angle is an angle with respect to the normal of the plane of the light passing region. As an example, the upper limit of the incident angle is 45 ° or more, preferably about 60 °, and more preferably 75 ° or more.</p><p> Peripheral light reflected from the retroreflector and returned to the light-passing region causes functional damage when not in operation (for example, when the OLED is not turned on or when the OLED is defective. Even if it does occur), the visibility of the lighting device is increased. When the ambient light is not sufficient, the organic light emitting element enhances the visibility of the lighting device.</p><p> The organic light emitting device has a functional layer arrangement. The functional layer arrangement is light transmissive, preferably transparent or translucent. At least one layer of the functional layer sequence contains organic material. As an example, organic substances are polymers and / or small molecule substances. Organic substances are particularly used to emit electromagnetic radiation. The organic light emitting device particularly constitutes an organic light emitting diode (OLED). Due to the functional layer arrangement during operation, at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation emitted in the direction of the retroreflector is preferably reflected back from the retroreflector towards the light-passing region and illuminated through the light-passing region. Removed from the device.</p><p> The functional layer array is between two electrodes (which themselves are also functional layers) embodied to be at least partly light transmissive, and preferably transparent or translucent. Is placed in. Suitable electrodes include, for example, a metal film, the thickness of which is selected small so that at least a portion of the light emitted by the functional layer arrangement is transmitted. Alternatively or additionally, a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) such as indium tin oxide can be used as one or both electrodes. The functional layer laminate containing the electrodes is preferably arranged on a light transmitting substrate, particularly a transparent substrate. The substrate comprises, for example, a glass plate, a glass sheet, or a resin film, or consists of at least one of them.</p><p> In one embodiment, the retroreflector is embodied in a wavelength-selective form. As an example, the retroreflector includes a color filter layer. The color filter layer transmits the first spectral region of the visible electromagnetic radiation spectrum and absorbs the other spectral regions of the visible electromagnetic radiation spectrum. As an alternative to color filters, the retroreflector may have a wavelength-selective reflective layer for reflecting ambient light, which reflects the first region, absorbs the second region, and / Or communicate.</p><p> Preferably, part or all of the first spectral region overlaps the spectral distribution of the light emitted by the organic light emitting element of the illuminating device in operation. In one embodiment, the maximum intensity light emitted by the organic light emitting device has a wavelength in the first spectral region of the visible spectrum. As an example, a retroreflector embodied in a wavelength-selective form reflects electromagnetic radiation having a maximum emission wavelength of an organic light-emitting device.</p><p> Some ambient light that is reflected from the retroreflector and returned to the light-passing region and extracted from the illuminating device preferably achieves substantially the same color impression as the light emitted by the organic light emitting element. Preferably, the lighting device autonomously achieves the same color impression as when the organic light emitting element is in operation.</p><p> Specifically, the color filter layer included in the retroreflector is arranged between the organic light emitting element of the lighting device and the side far from the light passing region (that is, the rear side). In another aspect, the illumination device has a color filter layer arranged at least in places between the light passing region and the organic light emitting element. In the plane of the light passing region, the color filter layer covers a part of the organic light emitting element and the retroreflective layer, or the entire region in this configuration. In one application, the color filter layer is embodied as an inclusion body that encapsulates the organic light emitting element. As an example, inclusion bodies contain at least one colorant to form a color filter layer.</p><p> In one application in which the color filter layer is arranged in a part between the light passing region and the organic light emitting element, the first spectral region of the light emitted by the organic light emitting element is transmitted by the color filter layer and is organic. The second spectral region of the light emitted by the light emitting element is absorbed by the color filter layer.</p><p> As an example, an organic light emitting device emits white light. The color filter layer absorbs the second spectrum region of the short wavelength, visible spectrum region. As an example, the color filter layer absorbs the blue and green spectral regions and transmits red light, which is the first spectral region. By arranging the organic light emitting element whose plane of the light passing region is not covered with the color filter layer in this way, a color impression corresponding to the spectral distribution caused by the organic light emitting element is expressed. The partial region covered by the color filter layer becomes the color corresponding to the first spectral region transmitted by the color filter layer. The display of information (eg, patterns and / or at least one symbol) is preferably obtained by the individual organic light emitting elements in this way. One or more symbols are, for example, one or more letters, one or more numbers, and / or one or more pictograms.</p><p> In another aspect, the plurality of organic light emitting elements are arranged side by side with each other on the plane of the light passing region. In one application of this aspect, different types of color filters are placed on at least two organic light emitting layers that are arranged side by side with each other in the lateral direction. As an example, each color filter is arranged on a part or all of the plane of the light passing region to cover the organic light emitting element. In particular, the maximum intensity light emitted by each organic light emitting element has a wavelength in the first spectral region of the color filter layer arranged in the element.</p><p> In a further aspect, the lighting device has a plurality of light emitting elements in which the functional layer arrangements are laterally overlapped. In other words, the plurality of organic light emitting elements are continuously arranged one after another from the front to the rear of the lighting device. In other words, a plurality of organic light emitting elements are stacked so as to overlap each other. As an example, stacking of organic light emitting elements is preferable because it emits white light.</p><p> A plurality of organic light emitting elements arranged side by side in the lateral direction and / or a plurality of organic light emitting elements in which functional layer arrangements are arranged in the horizontal direction may be driven individually or in a small group in one development form. A lighting device in which the color impression and / or the information to be displayed changes during operation is obtained by this method.</p><p> In one aspect, a retroreflector with a plurality of beam forming members has a reflective layer. The beam forming member is preferably arranged in a single layer. The reflective layer preferably has a surface that is at least partially reflective. As an example, the main region of the reflective layer facing the light transit region is reflective. The reflective layer is specifically a metal material. One example is a reflective metal film. Alternatively, the surface reflectivity of the reflective layer is also achieved, especially by total internal reflection on the main surface far from the light-passing region of the reflective layer. The reflective layer that reflects (totally) on the main surface on the side far from the light passing region preferably contains a substance that is at least partially light-transmitting, particularly a transparent substance or a translucent substance. Such a reflective layer may be embodied integrally with the color filter layer.</p><p> In one embodiment, the at least one beam shaping member has or consists of a recess on the surface of the reflective layer. As an example, the recess has a prismatic shape, a conical shape, a truncated cone shape, and a truncated cone shape. The dent is formed, for example, by embossing the reflective layer. When the mirror layer has a reflective metal film on the carrier, it is preferable to emboss the carrier to form a recess before forming the reflective metal film.</p><p> In a further aspect, at least one beam shaping member has or consists of a lens member. The lens member is, for example, glass beads, inorganic particles having a high refractive index, and / or glass fragments. In one evolution of the retroreflector, the lens member is located in a recess in the reflective layer, particularly protruding from the opening of the recess.</p><p> Alternatively, the retroreflector may have a carrier layer containing multiple beam shaping members, the carrier layer being partially light transmissive, translucent or transparent, and the beam shaping member being partially reflective. Has. For example, partially metallized glass beads are suitable as beam shaping members that are made to be partially reflective. The beam shaping member is preferably included in a single layer in the carrier layer. It is preferable to impart reflectivity to a portion far from the light passing region.</p><p> In one embodiment, the beam shaping member is miniaturized. As an example, their maximum length is 1 mm or less, and in one evolution it is 250 μm or less, for example 100 μm or less.</p><p> In yet another aspect, the lighting device is flexibly embodied. Flexiblely embodied lighting devices are preferably used with particular versatility.</p><p> In one aspect, the luminaire is included in or constitutes a luminaire. The luminaire is specifically a luminaire for transportation means or a luminaire for street lighting. As an example, a luminaire is a position luminaire for a vehicle (eg, a car or bicycle). In this aspect, for example, the reflector provided in the automobile (specifically, the retroreflector) is preferably integrated with the lighting equipment (for example, the rear light of the automobile). This reduces the space required for the luminaire and reflector, particularly preferably.</p><p> In another aspect, the lighting device is included in the display device. Display devices are provided to specifically display information. Information can be, for example, at least one symbol, at least one geometry (circle, triangle, rectangle, etc.), and / or at least one image information item (such as a figure or photo). As an example, a display device is a display panel, such as a directional sign (eg, a traffic sign), a warning panel, a road sign, or a license plate. The information is particularly visible even when the power of the light emitting element is not turned on or the light emitting element has a lifetime.</p><p> In yet another aspect, clothing or baggage with a lighting device and / or a display device is provided. Clothing is, for example, outerwear or shoes. Baggage is, for example, a student bag, a rucksack, a bag (such as a luggage or sports bag), or a suitcase.</p><p> In one preferred application, the lighting and / or display device is embodied flexibly, i.e. specifically, flexibly and / or shapeable. In other applications, the power supply unit is incorporated into clothing or baggage to power operating lighting and / or display devices.</p><p> Further advantages and preferred embodiments and applications of the lighting device of the present invention will become apparent from the typical embodiments described below with reference to FIGS. 1A-13.</p><p> In typical embodiments and drawings, similar or similarly acting components are labeled with the same reference symbols. In principle, the drawing, or the size relationship between the components described in the drawing, should not be considered as an actual measure. Rather, each component (such as a layer) may be indicated by an exaggerated size (particularly an exaggerated thickness). For easier expression and / or for better understanding.</p><p> FIG. 1A shows a schematic cross section of the lighting device 1 according to the first typical aspect. The lighting device 1 has an organic light emitting element 2 including a substrate 21 and a first electrode 22 attached to the substrate 21. The functional layer array 23, which is based on an organic substance (polymer substance and / or small molecule), is attached to the side of the first electrode 22 far from the substrate 21. The second electrode 24 is arranged on the side far from the first electrode 22 of the functional layer arrangement 23. The inclusion body 25 (in this case, the lid) protects the functional layer sequence 23 from physical damage, contamination and / or moisture. The lid 25 is, for example, a glass lid or a plastic lid containing polycarbonate or the like.</p><p> In order to electrically connect the organic light emitting element 2, the first electrode and the second electrode are preferably led out from the inclusion body 25 to the external space. When an operating current is applied to the functional layer array 23 by the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24, the active region of the functional layer array is excited to emit electromagnetic radiation.</p><p> The lighting device is provided to emit electromagnetic radiation from the front side 3. In this typical embodiment, the front side 3 is the side far from the substrate 21 of the organic light emitting element 2. On the front side 3, the illumination device 1 has a light passing region. In this case, the main region 251 which is a region far from the functional layer laminate 23 of the inclusion body 25 constitutes a light passing region.</p><p> On the rear side 4, opposite the front side 3, the illumination device 1 has a retroreflector 5. In the first typical embodiment, the retroreflector 5 has a metal plate as a reflective layer. The main region of the reflective layer facing the front side 3 has at least the beam shaping member 50 in the region covered by the organic light emitting element 2. In this case, the beam shaping member 50 is a pyramidal recess embossed in the reflective metal plate 51. Due to the recess 50, the retroreflector 5 reflects the ambient light that has entered the retroreflector 5 from the light passing region 7 and returns it in substantially the same direction as the direction in which it entered the retroreflector 5.</p><p> The pyramidal recess 50 preferably constitutes a three-sided mirror. In other words, each of the recesses preferably has exactly three sides. In one application, as in this example, the three sides form an angle of about 90 ° (eg, 85 ° to 95 °, including limits) with each other.</p><p> The organic light emitting element 2 is embodied so as to be light-transmitting at least partially, and is preferably embodied transparently. In particular, each substrate 21, the first electrode 22, the second electrode 24, and the functional layer laminate 23 are partially light transmissive, preferably transparent or translucent.</p><p> As an example, the substrate 21 is a glass plate, a glass sheet or a polymer film. A transparent conductive oxide (such as ITO) and / or a translucent metal layer are suitable materials for the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24. As a result, at least a part of the ambient light taken into the lighting device 1 through the light passing region 7 is guided through the organic light emitting element 2 and penetrates into the retroreflector 5. At least a part of the ambient light is reflected and returned from the retroreflector, specifically through the organic light emitting element 2, to the light passing region 7. As a result, at least a part of the ambient light captured in the lighting device 1 is taken out from the lighting device 1 again. Here, the entrance and exit angles are substantially the same, that is, they differ specifically by 15 ° or less, preferably by 10 ° or less, and even more preferably by 5 ° or less.</p><p> Further, during the operation of the lighting device, at least a part of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the functional layer array 23 toward the rear side 4 is reflected by the retroreflector 5 and returned to the front side 3 to pass light. Extracted through region 7.</p><p> The color filter layer 6 is arranged between the light passing region 7 and the functional layer arrangement 23. In this case, the color filter layer 6 is attached to the inner surface of the cap 25 facing the functional layer array 23. The color filter layer 6 has a high transmittance for the first spectral region of the visible wavelength spectrum and a high absorption rate for the second spectral region of the visible wavelength spectrum. The maximum intensity of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the functional layer array 23 of the illuminating device in operation is within the first spectral region transmitted by the color filter layer 6.</p><p> FIG. 1B shows a schematic cross section of the lighting device 1 according to a variant of the first typical embodiment.</p><p> In contrast to the first typical embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, in this case the retroreflector 5 is arranged on the side of the organic light emitting device 2 far from the substrate 21. In this embodiment, the retroreflector 5, the functional layer arrangement 23, and the substrate 21 are continuous in this order from the rear side 4 to the front side 3 of the lighting device 1. On the other hand, in the aspect of FIG. 1A, the functional layer arrangement 23 follows the substrate 21 from the rear side 4 to the front side 3.</p><p> In a variant of the first typical embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, for example, the retroreflector 5, specifically integrated with the enclosure frame 25, is one of the inclusion bodies or inclusion bodies in the functional layer array 23. Make up the part. The encapsulation frame 25 is, for example, a spacer ring, and is made of, for example, plastic or glass. Alternatively, the encapsulation frame 25 may be adhesive beads, whereby the retroreflector 5 is secured to the substrate 21 of the organic light emitting device.</p><p> The lighting device shown in FIG. 1B further has a color filter 6. In this case, the color filter 6 is attached to the main surface of the substrate 21 on the side far from the functional layer arrangement. Alternatively, the substrate 21 may constitute the color filter layer 6, and as an example, the substrate 21 contains the desired colorant.</p><p> In a variant of the first typical embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, the retroreflector 5 is at least partially light transmissive, preferably transparent, with the reflective layer 51 and the plurality of lens members 50. It is a reflective film including a cover layer 52. The lens member is, for example, glass beads and has, for example, a diameter of 100 μm or less, particularly 50 μm or less. The glass beads 50 are partially embedded in the reflective layer 51, the reflective layer 51 has a recess for arranging the glass beads 50, and the glass beads 50 project from the reflective layer 51. The cover layer 52 specifically protects the beam shaping member from contamination or physical damage. In the case of a wavelength-selective retroreflector, the cover layer constitutes a color filter layer and contains, for example, a colorant.</p><p> The light that has entered the lens member 50 from the front side 3 is refracted when it enters the lens member 50, is reflected by the reflective layer 51, and is refracted again when it exits the lens member 50. Specifically, the light reflected in this way is reflected and returned in substantially the same direction as when it penetrates the lens member.</p><p> FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of the lighting device 1 according to the second typical embodiment. The lighting device according to the second typical embodiment does not have a color filter in contrast to the first typical embodiment.</p><p> The retroreflector 5 is formed of inorganic material particles. The particles can be, for example, glass or glass-ceramic particles. The particles have, for example, a polygonal outline (including, for example, glass shards). The particles can also have a rounded shape (eg, substantially spherical or elliptical). The particles may be solid particles or hollow particles. In this case, the beam shaping member 50 is a glass bead having a diameter of 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less. In this case, the surface of the particles is partially mirror coated. The mirror-coated portion of the surface of the glass beads 50 is the side facing the rear side 4 of the lighting device 1 and the side far from the light passing region 7. Instead of particles whose surface is partially mirror-coated, total reflection non-mirror-coated particles may be used.</p><p> The beam shaping member 50 is contained in the retroreflector 5 in a single layer and is embedded in the transparent carrier layer 52, and the transparent carrier layer 52 contains, for example, a polymer substance. The material of the carrier layer 52 has a refractive index smaller than that of the beam shaping member 50, in particular. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the beam shaping member 50 is 1,5 to 2.5 times (including the limit value) the refractive index of the carrier layer 52. In the case of the wavelength-selective retroreflector 5, for example, a color filter layer is formed integrally with the carrier layer 52. As an example, the carrier layer 52 contains a colorant of interest.</p><p> A further difference from the first typical embodiment is that the lighting device shown in FIG. 2 has two organic light emitting elements 2A and 2B stacked on each other from the rear side 4 to the front side 3. To have. In this case, the two organic light emitting elements 2A and 2B are arranged inside the common inclusion body 25.</p><p> The lighting device 1 is flexibly embodied in this case. The substrates 21A and 21B of the organic light emitting elements 2A and 2B are, for example, polymer films. In this typical aspect, the inclusion body has at least one dielectric layer (eg, SiO).<sub>2</sub>Layer, Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>A transparent thin film inclusion body 25 having a layer and / or a nitride oxide layer). Preferably, the thin film inclusion body comprises an alternating laminate of dielectric layers and polymer layers. Such thin film inclusion bodies 25 are also suitable for other aspects of lighting devices.</p><p> FIG. 3 is a second variant of the first typical embodiment, showing a schematic cross section of a luminaire 10 having two luminaires 1A and 1B. The two lighting devices 1A and 1B are arranged so that their rear sides 4A and 4B, specifically their retroreflectors 5A and 5B, face each other. The rear sides 4A and 4B of the two lighting devices 1A and 1B are preferably fixed to each other. As a result, the front sides 3A and 3B of the lighting devices 1A and 1B are located on opposite sides of each other, and the light passing regions 7A and 7B are separated from each other. Therefore, the luminaire 10 is preferred for retroreflectors of ambient light that illuminate a large solid angle range and / or from a large solid angle range.</p><p> The following features described based on the first luminaire 1A also apply mutatis mutandis to the second luminaire 1B of the luminaire 10.</p><p> In this typical embodiment, the retroreflector 5 is integrated with the substrate 21A of the lighting device 1A. The rear main surface of the substrate 21A is constructed with a recess 50A.</p><p> In contrast to the retroreflector 5 of the first typical embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, the reflection substantially occurs in the region of the reflective reflective layer 51 containing the opaque material facing the anterior side 3. Absent. Further, in this case, reflection is realized by total reflection on the side surface of the recess 50A. In this case, the substrate 21A contains a transparent matrix material; a colorant dispersed in the matrix material, transmitting the first spectral region of the visible spectrum and absorbing the second spectral region of the visible spectrum. As a result, the retroreflector 5A substantially reflects only the peripheral light having a wavelength within the first spectral region and returns it to the light passing region 7A. The maximum intensity of radiation emitted by the working functional layer array 23A preferably has a wavelength in the first spectral region as well.</p><p> In this case, the substrate 21A constitutes the color filter layer 6A. Alternatively, the substrate 21A may contain a colored matrix material for similar purposes. If the wavelength selectivity of the retroreflector is not desirable, the substrate 21A is embodied transparently. The retroreflector 5A embodied in this typical embodiment is also suitable for other lighting configurations.</p><p> The color filter layer 6A is integrated and embodied with the substrate 21A in this typical embodiment and follows the functional layer array 23A towards the rear 4A. As a result, the risk that the light emitted toward the light passing region 7A in front of the functional layer array 23A is absorbed by the color filter layer 6A is reduced.</p><p> FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the bicycle. The bicycle shown has a rear-luminous lighting device 1 according to the first typical aspect of FIG. 1A. As an example, the rear emitting light emitting element 2 emits red light, and the color forter layer 2 causes a red impression.</p><p> Alternatively or additionally, the bicycle has, for example, a front light 1'including a lighting device according to the second typical embodiment shown in FIG.</p><p> As an example, in the case of the front light 1', the first organic light emitting element 2A that emits yellow light and the second organic light emitting element 2B that emits blue light are laminated on each other. As a result, the front light 1'emits white light during operation. Alternatively, the front light may include an organic light emitting element 2 that emits white light by a single functional layer array 23. As a further alternative, there could be a laminate of three light emitting elements that emit, for example, red, green, and blue light.</p><p> As a further alternative, or additionally, the bicycle may have reflectors on the spokes of the wheels, in which case the reflectors include the luminaire of the typical embodiment shown in FIG. The luminaire 10 includes, for example, a power supply (not shown in FIG. 3) such as a battery or a rechargeable battery. The rear light 1 and / or the front light 1'also includes a battery or a rechargeable battery for power supply and / or is supplied with an operating current by an external power source such as a generator.</p><p> FIG. 5 shows a schematic rear surface of an automobile. For example, the lighting device 1 embodied in the same manner as the lighting device 1A of the lighting fixture 10 shown in FIG. 3 is used as a tail lamp of an automobile.</p><p> Further, the display panel, i.e., the license plate 100, is fixed to the vehicle 100 and also includes a lighting device according to one of the above-mentioned typical embodiments, for example, a second typical embodiment. In order to display the information contained in the license plate, specifically the symbol 110 such as letters and / or numbers, for example, the light transit region 7 has an absorbing layer (eg, a color layer) in part. The absorption layer reduces or suppresses the uptake of ambient light and the extraction of reflected light or light emitted by the organic light emitting element in the region of symbol 110.</p><p> The garment shown in FIG. 6 has a warning mark (in this case, strip-shaped), which either comprises or includes lighting device 1. The lighting device is embodied, for example, by one of the typical embodiments described above, but is preferably embodied flexibly.</p><p> The garment 9 according to the typical aspect shown in FIG. 6 may further have a lighting device 1 according to one of the above-mentioned typical embodiments and may have a flexible display panel 100. A plurality of symbols 110 are indicated on the display panel 100, for example by an absorbent layer. As an example, a symbol constitutes one word or multiple words. In a preferred embodiment, the garment 9 has a power supply (such as a battery) that powers the lighting device 1 and / or the display panel 100.</p><p> FIG. 7 shows a schematic perspective view of baggage 9 (here, a student bag). Similar to the garment of the typical aspect shown in FIG. 6, the student bag 9 has, for example, a warning mark in the form of a strip. The warning mark is composed of or includes the lighting device 1.</p><p> Further, in this case, the two fastening members 10 (eg, clasps and locks) of the baggage 9 are luminaires, each containing a lighting device. The lighting device is, for example, one of the first typical embodiments or a modified embodiment thereof.</p><p> Power is provided, for example, by at least one battery built into the baggage 9. As an example, each of the fastening members 10 may have a battery. In one embodiment, the warning mark 1 is provided with operating current by at least yet another battery incorporated in the baggage 9.</p><p> FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross section of the lighting device 1 according to the fourth typical aspect. Illumination device 1 includes a plurality of light emitting elements (in this case, two light emitting elements 2A and 2B), which are laterally adjacent to each other. In other words, they are arranged side by side with each other in the plane of the light transit region 7. In this case, the organic light emitting elements 2A and 2B are arranged on the common substrate 21.</p><p> In this case, the elements 2A and 2B are provided with different color filter layers 6A and 6B, respectively. As a result, the illumination device 1 generates a color impression different from the color impression in the region of the second organic light emitting element 2B in the region of the first organic light emitting layer 2A. As an example, different color filter layers 6A and 6B form a pattern. At least one symbol is represented and / or an image information item (eg, figure or photo) is played.</p><p> FIG. 8 shows two more typical examples of the arrangement of the two color filter layers 6A and 6B, respectively, in relation to the two organic light emitting devices 2A and 2B. In the case of the first organic light emitting element 2A in the left region, the color filter layer 6A is integrated with the inclusion body 25A of the organic light emitting element 2A. In this case, the colorant is contained in the cap 25 that encloses the functional layer sequence 23A.</p><p> In the case of the second organic light emitting element, the color filter layer 6B is embodied as an adhesion promoting layer. The adhesion promoting layer is, for example, an adhesive layer, which connects the cap 25B to substantially the entire surface of the second electrode 24B.</p><p> It is conceivable that at least one of the organic light emitting elements 2A and 2B does not have the color filter layers 6A and 6B as in the lighting device in FIG. 2, for example.</p><p> FIG. 9 shows a schematic plane of the lighting device. In the lighting device 1, the first organic light emitting element 2A and the second organic light emitting element 2B or the laminate of the organic light emitting elements form a pattern. The pattern is strip-like, for example, in the plane of the light transit region 7.</p><p> The first organic light emitting element 2A has, for example, a color filter layer 6A, and the color filter layer 6A contains, for example, a red colorant. The second organic light emitting element 2B or the laminate of the elements emits white light in one embodiment, in which case it is not covered by the color filter layer 6.</p><p> Alternatively, the pattern may be formed, for example, by an organic light emitting element 2 that emits white light and has a colorant layer 6 in part.</p><p> FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a freight vehicle having two lighting devices 1 according to the typical embodiment shown in FIG. In this typical aspect, the lighting device 1 constitutes a warning mark, for example, a warning mark on the loading platform.</p><p> Further, the freight vehicle in this typical embodiment has a lighting device 1'arranged along the edge of the freight vehicle bed. These lighting devices 1'constitute contour marks.</p><p> FIG. 11 shows a schematic plane of the display panel 100 with respect to the light passing region of the lighting device 1. As an example, pictograms are displayed as information on the display panel 100. In this case, in order to display information, the organic light emitting element 2 that illuminates substantially the entire light passing region 7 of the lighting device 1 is partially covered with the color filter layer 6.</p><p> FIG. 12 shows a second typical aspect of the display panel 100. The display panel shown in FIG. 12 is a traffic sign. Part of the light-passing region is covered with an absorbing layer in the form of marking symbols (in this case, the numbers 8 and 0). In the organic light emitting element 2 that emits white light, the edge region in the plane of the light passing region 7 in this case is covered with, for example, a color filter 6.</p><p> In this case, the color filter layer 6 is arranged in a ring around the marking symbol 110. The substrate shape of the lighting device is circular. In this way, the shape of the color filter layer 6 and the lighting device displays more information. That is, the road sign 100 in this case is a prohibition sign.</p><p> FIG. 13 schematically shows two display panels 100 according to a third typical embodiment in a plane of a light passing region 7. The indicated display panel 100 is a directional sign (eg, a traffic sign).</p><p> The sign 100 pointing to the left is shown as an example of the configuration in which the sign 110 is shown by cutting out the color filter layer 6. As an example, the color filter layer 6 is adhesively bonded to the organic light emitting device, particularly to the inclusion body 25 and / or the substrate 21.</p><p> The display panel 100 illustrated on the right side has a plurality of organic light emitting elements 2A, 2B, 2C and 2C'adjacent to each other in the lateral direction. As an example, the second organic light emitting element 2B and / or the third organic light emitting elements 2C and 2C'are arranged in the opening of the first organic light emitting element 2A. In particular, the organic light emitting elements 2A, 2B, 2C, 2C'form a substantially continuous light emitting region. They have different color impressions of the extracted light, for example.</p><p> The label symbol 110 indicates the second and third organic light emitting elements 2B, 2C, 2C'. As an example, the marking symbol is indicated by an absorption layer as in the case of the organic light emitting element 2B or 2C, or is indicated by a color filter layer partially attached as in the case of the organic light emitting element 2C'.</p><p> The present invention is not limited to typical embodiments based on the typical embodiments described herein. Rather, the present invention includes new features and combinations of features, even if not explicitly specified in the typical aspects and / or claims.</p>
<figref num="1A">FIG. 1A shows a schematic cross section of the lighting device according to the first typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="1B">FIG. 1B shows a schematic cross section of the lighting device according to a modification of the first typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="2">FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of a lighting device according to a second typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="3">FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section of a luminaire having two luminaires according to a second variant of the first typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of a bicycle with multiple lighting devices.</figref><figref num="5">FIG. 5 shows a schematic back view of a vehicle with multiple lighting devices.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a garment with multiple lighting devices.</figref><figref num="7">FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of baggage with multiple lighting devices.</figref><figref num="8">FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross section of a lighting device according to a third typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="9">FIG. 9 shows a schematic plane of a warning mark with a lighting device according to a third typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="10">FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a freight vehicle having a plurality of lighting devices.</figref><figref num="11">FIG. 11 shows a schematic plane of the display device according to the first typical aspect.</figref><figref num="12">FIG. 12 shows a schematic plane of a display device according to a second typical embodiment.</figref><figref num="13">FIG. 13 shows a schematic illustration of a display device according to a third typical embodiment.</figref>
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Every citation, both ways
| Document | Relation | Office |
|---|---|---|
| JP2006318842A | Cites | Japan |
| JP03051632U | Cites | Japan |
| JP2007043080A | Cites | Japan |
8 members in 4 offices
Members8
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP2043176A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| DE102007054037A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| US2009097234A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| JP2009087938A | Japan | A | |
| US7922358B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP2043176A3 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A3 | |
| JP5394685B2This record | Japan | B2 | |
| EP2043176B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 |
22 legal events, as the office reported them to INPADOC
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Numbers
- Publication
- 5394685
- Application
- 248872
Titles2
- Japanese
- 照明デバイス、照明器具、ディスプレイデバイス、手荷物および衣服
- English
- Lighting devices, lighting fixtures, display devices, baggage and clothing
Classification
- CPC, 21
- G09F21/02
- A41D13/01
- A45C15/06
- A45F3/042
- A45F2003/003
- B60Q1/2696
- F21Y2105/00
- G02B5/124
- G08B5/006
- G08B7/062
- G09F13/22
- F21Y2115/15
- F21S43/14
- F21S43/255
- H10K59/221
- H10K2102/3031
- B60Q1/301
- B60Q1/30
- H10K59/878
- H10K59/80524
- G09F9/335
- IPC, 7
- F21S2 00
- F21S9 02
- H05B33 02
- H01L51 50
- H05B33 12
- F21Y105 00
- F21S43 20
