Healing agent in cement-based materials and structures, and process for its preparation

This invention regards the cement type material and the repair medicine and the manufacturing method of the structure.

When biochemical chemical compound (the bacterium and/or the organic compound) the porous cohesion material which supports (the foaming clay or the fly ash sintered body) is contained in the matrix material, durability of the cement type structure is improved. The foaming clay of the type which differs (brand name: For example for example Liapor and Argex) and the fly ash (the powdered coal ash sintered body) (Lytag) and the like the porous material generally is used for the production of the especially lightweight concrete as cohesion material of the cement type material. But, concerning the capacity which stores chemical compound and the bacterium etc in the porous material of these repair medicines or the repair medicine it is not proposed so far, in addition is not used.

Recently, the cement type material, improvement of the especially concrete and/or application of the bacterium for repairing is investigated in several research, (Bang et al. 2001; Ramachandran et al. 2001; DeMuynck et al. 2005 and 2007; Jonkers & Schlangen 2007 a+b; Jonkers 2007). The bacterium or the enzyme which is induced, it closed the cracking of the concrete with several of these research with metabolism or the formation of the enzyme bio mineral, sealed up, it was used outside as the finishing system which is repaired. For example in the research where very little is reported, in order to investigate the ability of autonomous improvement of concrete quality, in order to operate for example as a concrete fixation self repair medicine, (,) the bacterium is included in the concrete matrix appropriately by the fact that it mixes with the stationary fluid cement paste (Jonkers & Schlangen 2007 a+b; Jonkers 2007).

When the bacterium or that spore is added to the cement paste directly, it becomes main fault of this method for the viability to decrease very, (Jonkers & Schlangen 2007 b). As for the reason where life of the bacterium which is fixed to the disclosure concrete is restricted, it is thought that high alkalinity of the concrete matrix in during cement hydration which perhaps, it continues (pH>12) with the decrease which pore size diameter of the matrix advances (<1 millimicron) with it is combination.

<p><nplcit num="1"><text>Bang et al. 2001Ramachandran</text></nplcit><nplcit num="2"><text> et al. 2001DeMuynck</text></nplcit><nplcit num="3"><text> et al. 2005 and 2007Jonkers</text></nplcit><nplcit num="4"><text> &amp; Schlangen 2007 a+bJonkers</text></nplcit><nplcit num="5"><text> 2007</text></nplcit></p>

<p num="0006"> As for purpose of this invention are the cement type material where the aforementioned fault is removed and the times when the repair medicine of the structure is offered. </p>

<p num="0007"> This purpose is achieved the organic compound and/or the bacterium by the cement type material where the porous particle which supports is included and offering the repair medicine of the structure in the repair medicine. </p><p num="0008"> The porous particle (porous particle) the foaming clay (expanded clay) or the fly ash sintered body (sintered fly ash) is included generally, these exist as the particle which from complete sphere or complete sphere it is crushed or is pulverized, or. </p><p num="0009"> Density of the aforementioned porous particle is 2g/cm3 from 0.4. </p><p num="0010"> Furthermore width of the surface hole from 1.0 100 millimicrons, desirably is 15 millimicrons from 1.0. </p><p num="0011"> With invention, only the bacterium size of the particle which supports above 0.02mm, from 0.02 making desirably 8mm is profitable at diameter. Generally only the bacterium size of the particle which supports is 0.05mm. </p><p num="0012"> The spore and seeding of the bacterium by invention generally belong to the bacillus and suporosarushina being attached, it is desirable to use bacillus shiyudohuamusu as a bacterium. </p><p num="0013"> On the one hand, as for the bacterium which belongs to suporosarushina being attached it is the urea disassembly germ of suporosarushina pasutouri and the like. </p><p num="0014"> With another side, as for the organic compound bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound, desirably it is formic acid calcium, calcium acetate, or the other carboxylic acid calcium salt. </p><p num="0015"> It becomes last, but width of the particle surface hole of the bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound support particle when from 0.01 it makes 1 millimicrons, becomes profitable. </p><p num="0016"> Before adding to the cement paste, being fixed the bacterium or that spore inside the particle of the foaming clay, or the particle of the fly ash sintered body when it protects, retention of the bacterium or that spore almost becomes complete, or becomes the result where decrease of the viability is rather controlled, ability as a repair of the concrete and the other cement type material or repair medicine this way continues the long period of time. </p><p num="0017"> Repair of these particles of the concrete and the cement type material or repair ability furthermore it makes also appropriate organic bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound to the porous foaming clay or the foaming fly ash particle support, in order to increase in addition to the bacterium. </p><p num="0018"> In order to obtain the desirable result, porous particle quality such as density, size, surface hole size and the application density in the cement type material is as follows. </p><p num="0019"> The foaming clay or the particle of the fly ash sintered body is complete sphere generally. </p><p num="0020"> Furthermore as for width size of the surface hole although the bacterium is inserted, it becomes important to enlarge sufficiently. </p><p num="0021"> The application grain size in the cement type material, width of that surface hole and selection of application density are decided by the function where the support particle is intended mainly. When the bacterium (namely only the catalyst of bio mineral formation) supporting, the particle may be small, but it is necessary when adding supporting the bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound which is necessary for the repair of the cement type material the particle to enlarge rather. 1st selection, when applying bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound outside, namely making bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound penetrate from cracking of the material, when supplying to the bacterium, becomes actualization possible. In this case, the particle which supports may be small, distribution of the particle and application density in order the minute cracking where the cement type material was formed anew, for the opportunity which encounters the bacterial support porous particle which the burying seal is done to form meaning in the matrix, can decide only the bacterium. For this application, before the cement paste becomes firm, in order to prevent the fact that large portion of the bacterium which impregnation is done it starts leaking in the porous particle, it does not enlarge the width of the surface hole of the porous particle excessively. Because of that, from 1.0 in 100 millimicrons, from 1.0 it designates the width of the surface hole ideally as 15 millimicrons. Only the bacterium accommodating the many bacterium or the bacterial spore, although it protects, designates the size of the particle which supports as sufficient size, namely at diameter designates grain size at least as 0.02mm. The opportunity where cracking of length 2mm encounters the bacterial support particle of diameter 0.05mm at the width 0.1mm which rectangle is formed newly, when the particle has been distributed uniformly in the material, closely resembles to the opportunity. Capacity ratio of the 0.05mm size particle for the cement type material is the 1:240. But, the range of grain size may be wide, namely from 0.02 even in the range of 8mm is good. Furthermore, when the porous particle functioning doing as a reservoir of bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound, because capacity repair or repair ability of this kind of chemical compound is related to the capacity of chemical compound itself directly, it enlarges size considerably than 0.02mm. Repair ability or cracking filling up ability is restricted at the quantity of the repair medicine which supports in the porous particle. Namely, if the cracking capacity which should repair becomes large, you must enlarge the storage capacity of extent and the porous particle which become. When the transformation reaction of the fore-quarter chemical compound to bio mineral formation is the expansion reaction, as for capacity it is observed that may be small. In addition cracking permeability decreases sufficiently even with part bio mineral cracking filling up and has become the result which is repaired. But, distribution and the quantity of the particle should try not to receive bad influence over the range whose compressed strength of the cement type material and the function which it is related are wide, because, the size of the particle try not to enlarge too much. Bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound and both of the bacterium when supporting, it makes the width of the surface hole of the bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound support particle, almost identical with those of the bacterial support particle. But, including the bacterium only appropriate bio metal fore-quarter chemical compound when supporting in the porous particle, makes the width of the particle surface hole rather small, namely, it is possible from 0.01 to put in the range of 1 millimicrons. As a recent material repair or a repair application, on the one hand particle the bacterium or that spore it supports, the bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound where the other particle is appropriate supports can apply the porous particle of 2 types which differ simultaneously. </p><p num="0022"> Furthermore this invention regards the method of manufacturing the aforementioned repair medicine. </p><p num="0023"> Therefore, as for this invention, the porous cohesion material, the bacterium and/or being the method of making the organic compound support in the foaming clay or the fly ash sintered body the porous particle by making bacterial or bacterial spore content suspensoid or the bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound solution contact, first, making the porous particle dry by the fact that the porous particle all night with the oven from 120 the 200, desirably, it makes dry at temperature of the 140, while it releases the existence environmental bacterium, continuously, cools in room temperature and exposes the particle to vacuum processing, the porous particle is under the vacuum, bacterial or bacterial spore content suspensoid or biologySupplying the mineral fore-quarter chemical compound solution to the particle, sinking the particle completely in the liquid, until it cancels the part vacuum, continuously, it makes the particle dry which the aforementioned suspensoid or the solution mixes at room temperature, uses this particle for the second time it regards the manufacturing method of the repair medicine which features that it retains at room temperature. </p><p num="0024"> The above-mentioned method is suitable, although it makes bacterial or bacterial spore content suspensoid or the bio mineral fore-quarter chemical compound solution the porous particle support. When the part vacuum is cancelled next, it is observed to suspensoid or the solution impregnation being done efficiently in the porous particle. </p><p num="0025"> According to this invention, the especially bacillus and the bacterial spore of the kind which is related to suporosarushina being attached are maintained several annual existences. The bacterial spore of the kind which belongs to these being attached is new, (it has not hardened) before mixing into the cement paste, inside the porous particle being fixed, when you insert in cement type material such as concrete, existence is maintained from several months over several years. </p><p num="0026"> Long term (several years) the number of bacterial spores which are fixed to the porous particle in order to keep repair ability, per concrete cube cm is observed to from 104 putting in the range 106. </p>

<p> This invention furthermore is explained below, with the next execution example, but it is not something which is limited to this execution example. </p>

<p> In order (to make the permeability of the concrete decrease which has cracking, the bacillus shiyudohuamusu spore and the calcium lactate solution application of the foaming clay particle which supports)&lt;br /&gt; The spore which is formed with bacillus shiyudohuamusu DSM8715 culture in logarithm multiplication delay phase centrifugal separation (is extracted with 10000g 20 minutes) due to. The re-suspension being able to point to the pellet which includes the cell and the spore which you acquire to the raw water, one time you wash, continuously separate for the second time centrifugally. The re-suspension points to the spore pellet which you washed next to the raw water of fixed quantity per ml suspensoid is acquired at the spore density 3 1010. For example the foaming clay particle where average grain size is pulverized the one time amount of 0.05mm (, Lipor of the Liapor corporation make which Germany KG Hallendorf is) all night it makes dry at temperature of approximately 140, continuously cools in room temperature. Next, after that, the vacuum is cancelled with the quantity of these 1 batches as a part vacuum, after that, per 1ml 3 1010 spore suspensions 1ml in addition to the particle 16.5g of vacuum state. As a 2nd amount for example the size range from 4 complete sphere of the foaming clay of 8mm (, Aquaclay of the German Oekotau Easy Green corporation make) all night it makes dry at temperature of approximately 140, continuously cools in room temperature. Until next after that, the particle of vacuum state sinks in all liquids with the quantity of this amount as the part vacuum, after that the vacuum is cancelled including the calcium lactate 150mM solution. Until next the calcium lactate solution weight loss stops the porous complete sphere which impregnation is done, it makes dry with the temperature 30. The cohesion body part, the cement and the water are mixed with the following specification. </p><p><tables num="1"><img id="000002" he="119" wi="159" file="0005328811.tif" img-format="tif" img-content="drawing" /></tables> Long-term liveness (several years) there is a feature of the Liapor fixation bacillus shiyudohuamusu spore where the inside of the concrete of this kind is pulverized from several months. The germination spore which is activated with the water which penetrates the cracking which rectangle is formed newly brings the formation of karusaito with the calcium lactate and the metabolism transformation of konkuritomatoritsukusuporutorandaito in accordance with the reaction below. </p><p> Ca (C₃ H₅ O₃) ₂ +5Ca (OH) ₂ +6O26CaCO3+10H2O&lt;br /&gt; karusaito which is formed makes the permeability of the concrete decrease by the fact that the cracking which rectangle is formed newly is sealed. </p>

<p> Application (the suporosarushina pasutouri spore as a concrete repair medicine of the foaming clay particle which supports)&lt;br /&gt; As a repair catalyst of the concrete which has, cracking, in this execution example the foaming clay fixation spore of the urea disassembly germ of suporosarushina pasutouri DSM33 and the like operates on the one hand, the blend of karusaito fore-quarter chemical compound (urea, calcium acetate and the peptone) is applied outside. For example as for the spore which is formed with suporosarushina pasutouri DSM33 culture the foaming clay which is pulverized by the method of expressing with execution example 1 (, Liapor) it is fixed to the particle. The suporosarushina pasutouri spore content particle of 0.05mm size (per particle 1g the spore 1.8 109) per concrete blend 1m3 it adds to the concrete blend at the ratio of 5.4kg. Consequently it solidified urea, calcium acetate and the peptone blend (respectively 10,27 and 0.5g/L) you repair in surface cracking of the old concrete with immersion or the spray. As for the organic acetate and the peptone of this blend activation (germination) point to the suporosarushina pasutouri spore, as for this spore as for urea adding water it is disassembled continuously by urea disassembly activity. The carbonic acid ion which is formed with this reaction settles with the calcium ion of the solution naturally, while cracking and it is fine on the concrete surface and karusaito layer of non- being transparent quality is formed relatively. Resembling to the method in order to obtain the karusaito formation system where the autonomous bacterium lies between of expressing with execution example 1, instead of applying the karusaito fore-quarter chemical compound blend outside, it is possible also to make absorb inside the porous foaming clay particle which is added to the concrete blend. </p><p> This invention is not something which is limited to the aforementioned execution example, it is observed to also other form can being inside the range of technology of the person who possesses the usual knowledge in the field of technology to which invention belongs. </p>