System and method for managing display of market data in an electronic trading system
14 claims: 3 independent, 11 dependent
- 1トレーディング注文を管理する装置であって、 少なくとも1つのプロセッサと、 通信するよう前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサに結合された少なくとも1つのメモリ装置であって、前記少なくとも1つのメモリ装置は、前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって実行されると、前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサに、 第1の注文を第1の注文帳に 前記少なくとも1つのメモリ装置によって 記憶する機能であって、 前記第1の注文は第1のトレーダ群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第1のトレーダ群は第1の規則群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第1の規則群は基準価格で取引を 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 実行する機能と、 第2の注文を第2の注文帳に 前記少なくとも1つのメモリ装置によって 記憶する機能であって、 前記第2の注文は前記第1の注文の後に 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 受け取られ、 前記第2の注文は第2のトレーダ群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第2のトレーダ群は第2の規則群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第2の規則群は端数pip値を有する価格で取引を 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 実行する機能とを行うよう指示する命令を記憶する少なくとも1つのメモリ装置と、 通信するよう前記メモリに結合され、 第3のトレーダ群に関連付けられた反対注文を 前記プロセッサによって 受け取る機能であって、前記反対注文は前記第1の注文及び前記第2の注文をマッチングさせる機能と、 前記第2の注文及び前記反対注文に関連付けられた第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能であって、前記第1の取引が前記第2の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される機能と、 前記反対注文の一部分が、満たされていない状態に留まっている場合、前記第1の注文及び前記反対注文に関連付けられた第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能であって、前記第2の取引は前記第1の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される機能と行うよう動作可能なプロセッサとを備える装置。
- 2請求項1記載の装置であって、 第1の価格は指し値であり、 前記第1の注文は、第1の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第1の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 前記反対注文は、前記第1の価格範囲と交差する第2の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第2の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 第1の規則群に応じて前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能は、前記第1の価格で前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能を含む装置。
- 3請求項1記載の装置であって、 第2の価格は基準価格であり、 前記第1の注文は、第1の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第1の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 前記反対注文は、前記第1の価格範囲と交差する第2の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第2の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 第1の規則群に応じて前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能は、前記第2の価格で前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能を含む装置。
- 4請求項1記載の装置であって、 前記第2の注文は第1の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記反対注文は、前記第1の価格範囲と交差する第2の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第1の価格範囲及び前記第2の価格範囲の交点に少なくとも部分的に基づいて取引価格を 前記プロセッサによって 求める機能であって、前記取引価格は、前記反対注文を送るトレーダ群よりも、前記第2の注文を送るトレーダ群に好都合であり、前記第2の注文を送るトレーダ群に好都合であることは、前記第1の価格範囲に関連付けられた注文を送るトレーダ群に対して与えられるインセンティブである機能を備える第2の規則群に応じて前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能と、 前記求められた取引価格で前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能とを備える装置。
- 5請求項1記載の装置であって、第2の規則群に応じて前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能は、前記端数pip値を備えた価格で前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能を備える装置。
- 6請求項1記載の装置であって、前記プロセッサは、 前記第3のトレーダ群に関連付けられた第3の注文を 前記プロセッサによって 受け取る機能と、 前記第3の注文を前記第1の注文帳及び前記第2の注文帳に 前記少なくとも1つのメモリ装置によって 記憶する機能とを行うよう更に動作可能である装置。
- 7請求項6記載の装置であって、前記プロセッサは、 前記第3の注文に一致する第2の反対注文を 前記プロセッサによって 受け取る機能と、 前記第2の反対注文が、前記第1のトレーダ群と関連付けられた場合、 前記第3の注文及び前記第2の反対注文に関連付けられた第3の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能であって、前記第3の取引が前記第1の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される機能と、 前記第3の取引の 前記プロセッサによる 実行とともに、前記第3の注文を前記第2の注文帳から 前記プロセッサによって 削除する機能とを行う機能と、 前記第2の反対注文が、前記第2のトレーダ群と関連付けられた場合、前記第3の注文及び前記第2の反対注文に関連付けられた第3の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する機能であって、前記第3の取引が前記第2の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される機能と、 前記第3の取引の 前記プロセッサによる 実行とともに、前記第3の注文を前記第1の注文帳から 前記プロセッサによって 削除する機能とを行う機能とを行うよう更に動作可能である装置。
- 8トレーディング注文を管理する方法であって、 通信するよう少なくとも1つのプロセッサに結合された少なくとも1つのメモリ装置により、第1の注文を第1の注文帳に記憶する工程であって、 前記第1の注文は第1のトレーダ群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第1のトレーダ群は第1の規則群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第1の規則群は基準価格で取引を 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 実行する工程と、 通信するよう前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサに結合された 前記 少なくとも1つのメモリ装置により、第2の注文を第2の注文帳に記憶する工程であって、 前記第2の注文は前記第1の注文の後に 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 受け取られ、 前記第2の注文は第2のトレーダ群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第2のトレーダ群は第2の規則群と 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記第2の規則群は端数pip値を有する価格で取引を 前記少なくとも1つのプロセッサによって 実行する機能を含む工程と、 第3のトレーダ群に関連付けられた反対注文を、前記プロセッサによって受け取る工程であって、前記反対注文は前記第1の注文及び前記第2の注文をマッチングさせる工程と、 前記第2の注文及び前記反対注文に関連付けられた第1の取引を前記プロセッサによって実行する工程であって、前記第1の取引が前記第2の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される工程と、 前記反対注文の一部分が、満たされていない状態に留まっている場合、前記第1の注文及び前記反対注文に関連付けられた第2の取引を前記プロセッサによって実行する工程であって、前記第2の取引は前記第1の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される工程とを含む方法。
- 9請求項8記載の方法であって、 第1の価格は指し値であり、 前記第1の注文は、第1の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第1の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 前記反対注文は、前記第1の価格範囲と交差する第2の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第2の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 第1の規則群に応じて前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程は、前記第1の価格で前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程を含む方法。
- 10請求項8記載の方法であって、 第2の価格は基準価格であり、 前記第1の注文は、第1の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第1の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 前記反対注文は、前記第1の価格範囲と交差する第2の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記第2の価格範囲は、トレーダが前記取引を実行する用意がある価格許容範囲を識別するための下限価格及び上限価格を有し、 第1の規則群に応じて前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程は、前記第2の価格で前記第2の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程を含む方法。
- 11請求項8記載の方法であって、 前記第2の注文は第1の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、 前記反対注文は、前記第1の価格範囲と交差する第2の価格範囲と 前記プロセッサによって 関連付けられ、前記方法は、 前記第1の価格範囲及び前記第2の価格範囲の交点に少なくとも部分的に基づいて取引価格を 前記プロセッサによって 求める工程であって、前記取引価格は、前記反対注文を送るトレーダ群よりも、前記第2の注文を送るトレーダ群に好都合であり、前記第2の注文を送るトレーダ群に好都合であることは、前記第1の価格範囲に関連付けられた注文を送るトレーダ群に対して与えられるインセンティブである工程を備える第2の規則群に応じて前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程と、 前記求められた取引価格で前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程とを含む方法。
- 12請求項8記載の方法であって、第2の規則群に応じて前記第1の取引を 前記プロセッサによって 実行する工程は、前記端数pip値を備えた価格で前記第1の取引を前記プロセッサによって実行する工程を備える方法。
- 13請求項8記載の方法であって、 前記第3のトレーダ群に関連付けられた第3の注文を 前記プロセッサによって 受け取る工程と、 前記第3の注文を前記第1の注文帳及び前記第2の注文帳に 前記少なくとも1つのメモリ装置によって 記憶する工程と更に含む方法。
- 14請求項13記載の方法であって、 前記第3の注文に一致する第2の反対注文を前記プロセッサによって受け取る工程と、 前記第2の反対注文が、前記第1のトレーダ群と関連付けられた場合、 前記第3の注文及び前記第2の反対注文に関連付けられた第3の取引を前記プロセッサによって実行する工程であって、前記第3の取引が前記第1の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される工程と、 前記第3の取引の実行とともに、前記第3の注文を前記第2の注文帳から前記プロセッサによって削除する工程とを行う工程と、 前記第2の反対注文が、前記第2のトレーダ群と関連付けられた場合、 前記第3の注文及び前記第2の反対注文に関連付けられた第3の取引を前記プロセッサによって実行する工程であって、前記第3の取引が前記第2の規則群に応じて 前記プロセッサによって 実行される工程と、 前記第3の取引の実行とともに、前記第3の注文を前記第1の注文帳から前記プロセッサによって削除する工程とを行う工程とを含む方法。
Independent claims14
101 paragraphs, as filed
The present invention relates generally to electronic trading, and in particular to a system that manages the display of market data in an electronic trading system.
In recent years, electronic trading systems for trading various items (products, services, stocks, bonds, currencies, commodity transactions, etc.) have been widely accepted. In traditional trading systems, a particular trader can place trading orders related to a particular price. Trading systems typically disclose specific prices associated with trading orders to other traders in the trading system. Other traders, such as hedge fund investors, may use the disclosed prices to the disadvantage of a particular trader. In particular, other traders may use the disclosed prices to engage in certain types of arbitrage trading. This arbitrage trading can reduce liquidity in the trading system.
Moreover, in traditional trading systems, traders can place discretionary trading orders. When the trading system matches a discretionary order from the first trader with a discretionary order from the second trader, the trading system executes the transaction at a price that unreasonably prioritizes one trader over other traders. can do. The trading system discourages traders from submitting discretionary orders, as the aforementioned transactions unfairly put one trader at a disadvantage. A reduction in discretionary orders can reduce liquidity in the trading system.
<p> An object of the present invention is to provide a system that significantly reduces or eliminates the drawbacks and problems associated with conventional electronic trading systems. This objective can be achieved by the configuration described in the independent claims. Further developments are characterized in dependent claims.</p>
<p> In certain embodiments, the system that manages trading orders comprises a memory that can operate to store a first order associated with a particular trading commodity. The first order is associated with a first price with a first route value. The system further comprises a processor that is coupled to memory to communicate and can operate to receive a second order associated with a particular trading commodity. The second order is associated with the second price, which comprises a second root value and a specific fractional pip value. The processor can further operate to disclose the first and second root values while suppressing certain fractional pip values.</p><p> The present invention has some important technical advantages. The various embodiments of the present invention may not have any of these advantages and may have some or all of these advantages. One advantage is that the trading system discourages certain types of arbitrage trading. In particular, the trading system allows traders to represent the price of trading orders in fractional pips. The trading system can disclose trading orders in the trading system to other traders. However, the trading system can prevent disclosure of a portion of the price of a trading order. In particular, trading systems can prevent disclosure of the "fractional pip" portion of the price. Thus, the market data disclosed by the trading system may not indicate whether a particular trading order is associated with a price that is more favorable than the price of another trading order. By blocking the disclosure of the "fractional pip" portion of the price, the trading system can discourage certain types of arbitrage trading. A decrease in arbitrage trading can increase liquidity in the trading system.</p><p> Another advantage is that the trading system can provide incentives for traders to submit discretionary orders. In particular, when the trading system receives a trading order with a discretionary range that overlaps the discretionary range of the opposite order, the trading system can determine the price at the midpoint of the intersection of the two discretionary ranges. The trading system can then execute the transaction at the sought midpoint price. By executing the transaction at the sought midpoint price, the trading system can avoid executing the transaction at a price that unreasonably disadvantages one side. The trading system can thereby encourage traders to submit discretionary orders. An increase in discretionary orders can increase liquidity in the trading system.</p><p> Other advantages will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the drawings, specification and claims.</p>
To better understand the present specification and its advantages, the following specification is referred to with the accompanying drawings as an example.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the trading system 10. The trading system 10 may include a client 20, a manager server 30, a gateway server 40, a trading platform 50, and a market data server 60, which are joined by one or more networks 70 to communicate. In general, the trading system 10 can operate to receive, process and match trading orders 12 from clients 20. The trading system 10 may allow the trader 22 to specify the order price with a full pip14 and / or a fractional pip14. A portion of the price of an order represented by a fractional pip14 can be represented as a fractional pip value of 16. In certain embodiments, the trading system 10 can provide an incentive for the trading order 12 associated with the fractional pip value 16 to be sent by the trader 22. The trading system 10 may allow the trader 22 to submit a trading order 12 having a discretionary range 18. In certain embodiments, the trading system 10 can provide an incentive for the trader 22 to send a trading order 12 with a discretionary range of 18. Trading order 12 associated with a fractional pip value of 16 is described herein and in the claims, at least with respect to FIGS. 1 to 4. Trading orders 12 associated with discretionary scope 18 are described herein and in the claims with respect to at least FIGS. 5-8. Rule 42 for managing trading between groups of various traders 22 is described herein and in the claims, at least with respect to FIGS. 9-11.
Processing trading orders with fractional pip values The trading system 10 may include one or more clients 20. The client 20 represents any suitable local or remote end-user device that can be used by the trader 22 to access one or more components of the trading system 10, such as the trading platform 50. Specific clients 20 include computers, workstations, telephones, internet browsers, electronic organizers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), pagers and any other suitable device (wireless, wired or other), trading system 10 It may comprise a component or component capable of receiving, processing, storing and / or communicating information with other components. The client 20 can also include any suitable user interface, such as a display, a microphone, a keyboard, or any other suitable terminal device in a particular configuration and arrangement. The trading system 10 may include any number and combination of clients 20. In certain embodiments, the client 20 may include a graphical user interface (GUI) 25.
The GUI 25 can generally behave to personalize and filter the data presented to the trader 22. The GUI 25 can efficiently and user-friendlyly present trading orders 12, market data 24, and / or other relevant information to trader 22. The GUI 25 can include a plurality of displays having interactive fields, pull-down lists and buttons operated by the trader 22. In one example, GUI25 presents the appropriate market data 24 to trader 22 and hides the rest of the information to reduce visual clutter. Upon receiving the request from the trader 22, the GUI 25 then extends the visual representation of the market data 24 to display trading history, trading volume, credit limits, and / or other relevant information. GUI25 can include multiple levels of abstraction, including grouping and boundaries. The terms graphical user interface can be used in the singular or plural to represent one or more graphical user interfaces 25 and each display of a particular graphical user interface 25.
The client 20 can operate to receive the trading order 12 from the trader 22 and send the trading order 12 to the gateway server 40. Trading Order 12 places commodities (eg, currencies, financial instruments, stocks, bonds, futures contracts, equity securities, mutual funds, options, derivatives, commodity transactions and any number and combination of appropriate trading commodities, etc.). You may have an order to trade. Trading Order 12 is Bid, Offer, Market Order, Limit Order, Stop Loss Order, Same Day Only Order, Open Order, GTC ("Valid Until Cancellation") Order, "Time Specified" Order, "All or Or" It may include "nan" orders, "any part" orders and any other trading orders.
The particular trading order 12 can be represented as an order 12a or a counter-order 12b. Order 12a and counter-order 12b represent complementary acts such as buying and selling. If one that sends a particular order 12a is represented as trader 22, the other that sends the corresponding counter-order 12b can be represented as a "counterparty" trader 22. Where the particular order 12 represents a buy order (eg, bid, take, lift, etc.), the corresponding counter-order 12b can represent a sell order (eg, offer, hit, etc.). Conversely, if a particular order 12a represents a sell order, the corresponding counter-order 12b may represent a buy order.
Client 20 is described herein and as used by "trader" within the scope of the claims, but the term "trader" is used by any user of trading system 10 (user: Whether it is an agent acting on behalf of the principal, the principal, an individual, a legal entity (such as a company), or a trading order 12 in the trading system 10 and / or It means that it is broadly applicable (even any machine or mechanism capable of fulfilling trading order 12). Market Maker 26 may represent any individual, company or other entity that simultaneously sends and / or maintains one or both of Bid Trading Order 12 and Offer Trading Order 12 for the same Commodity. For example, Market Maker 26 waits to buy or sell securities at the published price, is willing to buy or sell securities at the published price, and is the price of a legally binding bid and / or offer on a particular security that can be bought or sold. Can be a securities company or a bank that owns. The market maker 26 generally displays the bid and / or offer price of a particular number of specific securities, and if the above prices are met, the market maker 26 immediately buys and sells on its own account. According to a particular embodiment, a single trading order 12 can be fulfilled by several market makers 26 at potentially different prices.
In certain embodiments, the market maker 26 has certain privileges (a trading order 12 received from an individual, company or other entity received from a traditional market maker 26 (such as a brokerage firm or bank)). Can include individuals, businesses and other entities granted (as treated as). For example, a particular individual, company, or other entity that may otherwise be treated as a customer is granted the privilege of being treated as Market Maker 26 for the purposes of the systems and methods described herein and in the claims. be able to. To receive the privileges of the market maker, individuals, companies and other entities pay fees, pay commissions, or place and / or maintain trading orders 12 for bids and offers for specific commodities. It may be necessary. According to a particular embodiment, an individual, company or other entity can be designated as a market maker 26 for a particular merchandise and as a non-market maker for other merchandise. In certain embodiments, a multi-layered, market maker 26 system can be used. The trading platform 50 may include one or more criteria (eg, whether market maker 26 is associated with an electronic feed, whether market maker 26 is a strong trader 22 or not, market maker 26. Various privileges can be granted to various market makers 26 based on whether or not they have specific information, etc.). Market maker 26 can classify different tradeable securities into different tiers. For example, a particular market maker 26 may be the first level market maker 26 for a product for which the market maker 26 is a strong trader 22, and a second level market maker 26 for other types of commodities. It can be classified as maker 26.
In certain embodiments, the client 20 can be coupled to the manager server 30 to communicate. A combination of a particular manager server 30 and one or more clients 20 can represent a computer system maintained and operated by a particular market maker 26. The manager server 30 associated with a particular market maker 26 can generally operate to monitor trading orders 12 placed by the trader 22 associated with a particular market maker 26. The manager server 30 can regulate the credits issued to other market makers 26 and / or traders 22 in the trading system 10. Based on the market data 24, at least in part, the manager server 30 can act to regulate the trading activities associated with the market maker 26. The manager server 30 may include any suitable combination of hardware and / or software implemented in one or more modules to provide the functions and operations described above. In certain embodiments, the manager server 30 may include a general purpose personal computer (PC), a Macintosh, a workstation, a Unix® based computer, a server computer, or any suitable processing device. The client 20 and / or the manager server 30 can be combined to communicate with one or more servers 40 over the network 70. The gateway server 40 generally supports communication between the client 20, the market maker 26 and the trading platform 50. When the client 20 logs in to the trading system 10, the gateway server 40 can perform authentication, load balancing, and / or other appropriate functions. The particular gateway server 40 may include any suitable combination of hardware and / or software implemented in one or more modules to provide the functions and operations described above. In certain embodiments, the gateway server 40 may include a general purpose personal computer (PC), a Macintosh, a workstation, a Unix® based computer, a server computer, or any suitable processing device. The gateway server 40 can be coupled to the trading platform 50 to communicate. The trading platform 50 is generally capable of processing, routing and matching trading orders 12 from trader 22. The trading platform 50 can operate to process trading order 12 by satisfying order 12a with one or more corresponding counter-orders 12b. Satisfying order 12a means matching, satisfying, fulfilling, or exhausting that order 12a by one or more corresponding orders 12b. For example, if a particular order 12a is a buy order for product A with a quantity of 28 in 100,000 units and a counter order 12b is a sell order for product A with a quantity of 200,000 units, then the counter order 12b is used to order 12a. Satisfying quantity 28 routes or allocates 100,000 units of Commodity A from counterorder 12b to the specific trader 22 associated with order 12a. It may include saving or transferring.
In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can operate to process trading order 12 by a particular type and price of trading order 12. If the trader 22 submits a trading order 12 using the client 20, the trader 22 can specify a particular trading commodity associated with the trading order 12. Trading commodities can be currencies, stocks, bonds, futures contracts, equity, mutual funds, securities, options, derivatives, commodity trading, or any number and combination of appropriate trading commodities. With respect to the designation of a particular trading commodity, the trader 22 may enter the quantity 28 of the trading commodity and the base price 32 associated with the trading order 12. The base price 32 generally represents the target price at which the trader 22 intends to buy or sell the specified trading product. In certain embodiments, the base price 32 can be expressed as a currency amount. For example, a trading order 12 for a 100,000 share of a particular security may have a base price of 32 of $ 32.00 per share. In this example, 100,000 shares represent quantity 28 and $ 32.00 per share represents price. However, in other embodiments, the base price 32 can be expressed as an exchange rate. For example, a trading order 12 for a 3-month futures contract on the euro could be associated with a base price of 32 at 1.2045. So if Trader A and Trader B enter into a three-month Euro futures contract with a base price of 32 at 1.2045 and a quantity of 28 at $ 10.000.000, Trader A and Trader B will have a futures contract at the end of the three months. Upon expiration, you will be exchanging $ 10,000,000 at a rate of 1.2045 (ie 1 = $ 1.2045). In this example, the exchange rate (ie 1.2045) represents the base price 32 and $ 10,000,000 represents the quantity 28 of the trading order 12. In yet another embodiment, the base price 32 can be expressed as an interest rate and the quantity 28 can be expressed as a loan amount. Thus, the base price 32 can be expressed as any currency, rate, unit, or other suitable measure. In addition, quantity 28 can be expressed as any suitable unit, value, currency or measure. In certain embodiments, the reference price 32 may include a route value of 34 and a fractional pip value of 16. The route value 34 may include a portion of the reference price 32 corresponding to one or more all pip14s. Pip14 generally represents the basic unit of price movement for a particular trading commodity in the trading system 10. For example, the trading system 10 can be configured such that the basic unit of price movement for a particular commodity is one tenth of a cent (ie, $ 0.001). If the market price of the item changes from $ 32.005 to $ 32.015, the market price will increase by 10pip14. As another example, the trading system 10 can be configured such that the basic unit of price movement in EUR / USD is 1 / 10,000 of the exchange rate (ie 0.0001). If the EUR / USD exchange rate changes from 1.3000 to 1.3010, the exchange rate will increase by 10pip14. In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can operate to form a basic unit of price movement (ie, pip14) for each trading commodity in the trading system 10. The above example illustrates a particular pip14 of $ 0.001 for a particular commodity. For another commodity, Trading Platform 50 may determine that pip14 is $ 0.1, $ .01, or any other suitable integer and / or decimal value. The above example shows that the EUR / USD pip14 is 0.0001, but the trading platform 50 has the EUR / USD pip14 of 0.01, 0.001, and / or any other suitable integer value and / or small. It can be configured to specify that it is a numerical value. Although the price of a particular commodity is expressed in dollars in the above example, a particular trading commodity can be associated with the appropriate type of currency, rate, value and / or scale. A particular trading order 12 in the trading system 10 may include a base price 32 represented by a total pip14. For example, if the pip14 of a particular commodity is one tenth of a cent (ie $ 0.001), then the base price 32 of $ 45.234 is the "total pip" price. However, a particular trading order 12 may include a base price of 12 with a fraction of pip14. For example, if the pip14 of a particular commodity is one tenth of a cent (ie $ 0.001), then the base price 32 of $ 45.2346 has a fractional pip value of 16 (ie, "0.6" of pip14). The "total pip" portion of the base price 32 can be represented as the root value 34. A portion of the base price 32 (eg, "0.6" in pip14) that is not one or more total pip14 can be represented as a fractional pip value 16.
One example illustrates a particular embodiment. In this example, the trading platform 50 is configured so that in the case of the euro, 1pip14 is the exchange rate 0.0001. The trader uses client 20 to place a trading order 12 with a quantity of 1,000,000 28 and a base price of 32 of 1.30235. Since 1pip14 is 0.0001 in this example, the reference price 32 has a root value of 34 for "1.3023" and a fractional pip value of 16 for "5". The trading platform 50 is generally capable of receiving, processing and matching trading orders 12 with a fractional pip value of 16. In a particular embodiment, the trading platform 50 receives a trading order 12 with a route value of 34 and a fractional pip value of 16 from a particular trader 22 and then routes the trading order 12 to another trader 22 in the trading system 10. The value 34 can be disclosed. In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can prevent the fractional pip value 16 of the trading order 12 from being disclosed to other traders 22 in the trading system 10. By blocking the disclosure of the fractional pip value 16, the trading platform 50 can reduce certain types of arbitrage in the trading system 10.
The Trading Platform 50 is any suitable combination of hardware, software, personnel, equipment and configurations that can be used or realized to achieve the operation and function of the governing body or supervisory authority that manages or operates the trading environment. It can include parts, components, or objects. In some embodiments, the trading platform 50 may include memory 36 and processor 38.
Memory 36 is a random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic computer, which stores the arrangement of one or more files, lists, tables, and other information such as trading orders 12. Includes proper placement of any of the disks, CD-ROMs and other magnetic or optical storage media, and any other volatile or non-volatile memory device. Although FIG. 1 shows the memory 36 as being inside the trading platform 50, the memory 36 can be inside or outside the components of the trading system 10, depending on the particular embodiment. Further, the memory 36 may be separate or integrated with the other memory devices in order to achieve the proper placement of any of the memory devices used in the trading system 10. According to certain embodiments, memory 36 may include rule 42 and purchase order 44.
Rule 42 comprises software instructions for routing, matching, processing, and / or fulfilling trading order 12. Processor 38 can operate to execute Rule 42 for matching order 12a and counterorder 12b. Rule 42 may further comprise an order to disclose information regarding trading order 12. In certain embodiments, Rule 42 comprises an instruction to control the order in which the trading order 12 is fulfilled.
The order book 44 represents a queue for storing, sorting, and processing information about the trading order 12 received from the trader 22. Each order book 44 in memory 36 can be associated with an individual trading product. In certain embodiments, the particular order book 44 can be associated with a particular type of trading order 12. For example, the memory 36 may include a first order book 44 that stores bids for a particular security and a second order book 44 that stores offers for a particular security. The order book 44 storing the bid can be represented as the bid book 44a, and the order book 44 storing the offers can be represented as the offer book 44b.
In certain embodiments, the purchase order 44 may include one or more configurable conditions 46. The configurable condition 46 can specify thresholds, limits, characteristics, and / or criteria for trading orders 12 stored in order book 44. For example, the configurable condition 46 is that if the trading order 12 contains a fractional pip value 16 and the quantity 28 of the trading order 12 is less than the configurable threshold, the trading platform 50 will have the trading order 12 Can be stipulated that should be rejected. As another example, configurable condition 46 can instruct trading platform 50 to reject trading order 12 from trader 22 if trader 22 exceeds a certain credit limit. The order book 44 in the memory 36 can comprise any suitable number and combination of configurable conditions 46.
The memory 36 can be coupled to the processor 38 for communication. Processor 38 is capable of executing Rule 42 stored in memory 36 to process, route, and match trading orders 12. Processor 38 includes any suitable combination of hardware and software implemented in one or more modules to provide the aforementioned functionality or operation. Trading Platform 50 and its associated interfaces. The internal structure of the processor and memory devices is flexible and can be easily modified, modified, rearranged or reconfigured to achieve the intended operation of Trading Platform 50.
The trading platform 50 can be combined with the market data server 60 to communicate. The market data server 60 can generally operate to receive information about the trading order 12 in the purchase order 44 from the trading platform 50. The information received may include quantity 28, base price 32, route value 34, fractional pip value 16, and / or other suitable characteristics associated with trading order 12 in order book 44. In a particular embodiment, the market data server 60 receives information from the trading platform 50 in real time or substantially in real time as processor 38 receives trading order 12 from client 20 and updates order book 44. receive. Based at least in part on the information from the purchase order 44, the market data server 60 can operate to generate the market data 24. The market data 24 may include market information such as, for example, trading conditions, trading volume, quantity 28 associated with trading order 12, yield spread, and the like. The market data server 60 may include any suitable combination of hardware and / or software implemented in one or more modules to provide the functions and operations described above. In certain embodiments, the market data server 60 may include a general purpose personal computer (PC), a Macintosh, a workstation, a Unix® based computer, a server computer or any suitable processing device. According to a particular embodiment, the market data server 60 can act to prevent disclosure of the fractional pip value 16 associated with the trading order 12 in the purchase order 44. In a particular embodiment, in generating the market data 24, the market data server 60 can filter any fractional pip value 16 from the market data 24 sent to the client 20. In another embodiment, the market data server 60 can remove the fractional pip value 16 from the market data 24. In yet another embodiment, the market data server 60 can mask the fractional pip value 16 so that the client 20 cannot view the fractional pip value 16 associated with the trading order 12. By blocking the disclosure of the fractional pip value 16 associated with trading order 12, the market data server 60 allows the trader 22 to be discouraged from involving a particular type of arbitrage.
In a particular embodiment, the market data 24 is in an order that does not suggest which trading order 12 has the market priority (ie, which trading order 12 is associated with the most favorable base price 32). Trading orders 12 can be configured to be listed. In a particular order book 44, a particular trading order 12 has a market priority if the trading order 12 is associated with the most favorable base price 32. In a particular embodiment, if the order book 44 for a particular trading product comprises multiple trading orders 12 associated with the same route value 34, the market data 24 will randomly place the multiple trading orders 12 in chronological order. Can be listed in, or in any appropriate order. Since the market data 24 may not contain the fractional pip value 16, the particular trader 22 can use various methods in an attempt to determine the particular fractional pip value 16 of the most favorable reference price 32. .. In particular, a particular trader 22 may submit a series of trading orders 12 (each trading order 12 is associated with a separate fractional pip value of 16). The particular trader 22 can be considered that the market data 24 first displays the trading order 12 having the market priority. Thus, a particular trader 22 can consider that the base price 32 of that particular trading order 12 is the most favorable base price 32 if one of a series of trading orders 12 first appears in market data 24. .. The particular trader 22 can then attempt to cancel the other trading order 12 submitted. The trading system 10 collects market data 24 to list trading orders 12 in chronological order, randomly, or in any other suitable order that does not suggest which trading order 12 has market priority. By configuring, this type of tactic can be thwarted. The market data 24 is for displaying multiple trading orders 12 associated with the same route value 34 in the above order, and the market data 24 is for excluding multiple trading orders 12 to exclude the fractional pip value 16. Appears to have equal market priorities, even though only a portion of the displayed trading orders 12 may actually have actual market priorities.
As mentioned above, the client 20, the manager server 30, the gateway server 40, the trading platform 50, and the market data server 60 can be combined via one or more networks 70 to communicate. The network 70 may represent any number and combination of wired and / or wireless networks suitable for data transmission. The network 70 can, for example, communicate Internet Protocol packets, Frame Relay frames, cells in asynchronous transfer mode, and / or other suitable information between network addresses. Network 70 is one or more intranets, local area networks, metropolitan area networks, wide area networks, cellular networks, all or part of the Internet, and / or one or more locations. Can include any other communication system in. The internal structure of Trading System 10 and its associated servers, processors and memory devices is flexible and can be easily modified, modified and relocated to achieve the intended behavior of Trading System 10. , Or can be reconstructed. In particular, FIG. 1 shows the market data server 60 as separate from the trading platform 50, but in certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 functions and operates the market data server 60. It can work like this. Similarly, the gateway server 40 is shown as separate from the trading platform 50, but in certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can operate to perform the functions and behaviors of the gateway server 40. possible.
Processing trading orders with fractional pip values During operation, the trader 22 can use the client 20 to place a trading order 12. A particular trading order 12 can be associated with a base price 32 having a root value of 34 and a fractional pip value of 16. Upon receiving the trading order 12, the processor 38 can determine the particular trading product associated with the trading order 12. The processor 38 can then store the trading order 12 in a particular order book 44 corresponding to the determined trading product. For a particular trading order 12, processor 38 has a particular quantity 28 of trading commodities associated with trading order 12, a route value 34 associated with trading order 12, and a fractional pip value 16 associated with trading order 12. Can be stored in the order book 44. In a particular embodiment, the processor 38 can store the time when the trading platform 50 receives the trading order 12 in the order book 44. According to a particular embodiment, the processor 38 can operate to send information about the trading order 12 in the order book 44 stored in the memory 36 to the market data server 60. The market data server 60 can receive this information in real time or substantially in real time as the processor 38 receives the trading order 12 and updates the order book 44. Based at least in part on the information from the purchase order 44, the processor 38 can operate to generate market data 24. Market data 24 may include a particular route value 34 and quantity 28 associated with each trading order 12 in order book 44. If the order book 44 for a particular trading product contains multiple trading orders 12 associated with the same root value 34, the market data 24 will place the multiple trading orders 12 randomly, or either, in chronological order. It can be listed in the proper order. The market data server 60, client 20, and / or trading platform 50 can act to prevent disclosure of the fractional pip value 16 associated with trading order 12 in order book 44. In a particular embodiment, the market data server 60 can remove any fractional pip value 16 from the market data 24 for the generation of the market data 24. In certain embodiments, the client 20 and / or the trading platform 50 can remove any fractional pip value of 16 from the market data 24. Since the fractional pip value 16 can be removed from the market data 24, the trader 22 may not be able to determine the particular fractional pip value 16 of the most favorable base price 32 in the order book 44. Thus, the trading system 10 can thwart or reduce certain types of arbitrage.
With respect to the market data 24 received, the particular trader 22 may use the client 20 to place a counter-order 12b for a particular trading commodity. The reverse order 12b can be associated with a base price 32 with a route value of 34 and a fractional pip value of 16. Upon receiving the counter-order 12b, the processor 38 can identify the trading order 12 that meets the baseline price 32 associated with the counter-order 12b in the order book 44 associated with the particular trading product. From the identified trading order 12, processor 38 can determine the particular trading order 12 associated with the most favorable reference price 32. Processor 38 can then use counter-order 12b to satisfy at least a portion of the determined trading order 12.
FIG. 2 shows an exemplary order book 44 according to a particular embodiment. In particular, FIG. 2 shows an exemplary bid book 44a and an exemplary offer book 44b that store trading orders 12 against the euro. The bid book 44a and the offer book 44b can be stored in the memory 36 on the trading platform 50. Offer Book 44b contains information about the offers received by Trading Platform 50. In this example, for each offer, the offer book 44b includes a route value of 34, a fractional pip value of 16, a particular offer quantity of 28, when a particular offer was received, and the status of a particular offer. Bidbook 44a contains similar information about the bids received by Trading Platform 50. In this example, the bid book 44a also includes a configurable threshold. In particular, a configurable threshold causes the trading platform 50 to reject trading order 12 if it is associated with a nonzero fraction pip value of 16 and with a quantity of less than 1,000,000 28. Is instructed to.
In this example, Trader A sends a bid A for 5,000,000 to Trading Platform 50 at a base price of 32 at 1.20252. Bid A is received by Trading Platform 50 at 14:22:01. In this example, trading platform 50 has rule 42, where 1pip14 is equal to 0.0001 for the euro. Upon receiving the bid A, the processor 38 determines that the base price 32 associated with the bid A has a root value of 1.2025 and a fractional pip value of 16. Processor 38 then determines if bid A follows a configurable threshold. In this example, Bid A is associated with a quantity 28 of more than 1,000,000 euros, so Processor 38 does not reject Bid A. Processor 38 later generates an entry in the bid book 44a corresponding to bid A. In particular, processor 38 stores the root value 34 of 1.2025, the fractional pip value of 2, the quantity 28 of 5,000,000, and the time of 14:22:01 in the bidbook 44a. After generating the entry corresponding to the bid A in the bid book 44a, the processor 38 determines whether the offer book 44b has an offer that satisfies the bid A. In this example, when trading platform 50 receives bid A, offer book 44b has one offer (offer F). Since the offer F is associated with the base price 32 of 1.20258 and the bid A is associated with the base price 32 of 1.20252, the processor 38 determines that the offer F does not meet the bid A. Therefore, processor 38 waits for further trading order 12 to be received.
In this example, trading platform 50 receives bids B, C and D later. Bid B is received at 14:22:03. Bid B is for 4,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20256. Bid C is received at 14:22:04. Bid C is for 3,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20254. Bid D is received at 14:22:06. Bid D is for 500,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.2025. Since bids B, C, and D each follow a configurable threshold, processor 38 generates a separate entry for each bid book 44a, bid B, C, and D.
Trading Platform 50 will then receive a bid E for 400,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20253. Processor 38 rejects Bid E because Bid E is associated with a nonzero fractional pip value of 16 and the quantity 28 of Bid E is less than 1,000,000. Therefore, processor 38 does not generate an entry for bid E in bid book 44a.
In this example, the market data server 60 can operate to generate market data 24 based at least in part on the information stored in the purchase order 44. In this example, the market data server 60 is configured to generate market data 24 with a specific route value 34 and quantity 28 associated with each trading order 12 in order book 44. In this example, if the order book 44 has a plurality of trading orders 12 associated with the same route value 34, the market data 24 is configured to list the plurality of trading orders 12 in chronological order. The market data server 60 is configured to remove any fractional pip value of 16 from the market data 24. Thus, after receiving the bid D, the market data server 60 generates the market data 24 based on the bids A to D, at least in part. In particular, market data 24 lists bids A to D in chronological order in relation to the route value 34 of 1.2025. In this example, market data 24 does not have a fractional pip value of 16 for bids A through D. The market data server 60 transmits the market data 24 to the manager server 30 and the client 20 via the network 70. Market data 24 lists trading orders 12 in chronological order and without a fractional pip value of 16, so market data 24 points the most favorable base price 32 in the exemplary bid book 44a towards trader 22. Not shown. In this example, after receiving the bid D, the processor 38 then receives an offer G for 2,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20251. In this example, processor 38 is configured to use counter-order 12b to satisfy counter-order 12b and first serve a particular order 12a associated with the most favorable price. Upon receiving the offer G, the processor 38 identifies the bids A, B and C as associated with the most favorable price 32 satisfying the offer G. From the identified bid, processor 38 identifies the particular bid associated with the most favorable price. In this example, processor 38 identifies bid B. Thus, processor 38 uses offer G to satisfy at least a portion of bid B. Thus, market data 24 lists bids A through D in chronological order (ie, bid B appears after bid A), but processor 38 in this example uses offer G, Fill Bid B before filling the other bids in Bid Book 44a.
In the example above, trading platform 50 has received trading order 12 against the euro. However, the trading platform 50 can operate to receive, process and match trading orders 12 for any suitable type and combination of trading commodities.
In the example above, the trading platform 50 is configured so that 1pip14 for a particular exchange rate is 0.0001. However, the trading platform 50 can process trading orders 12 associated with any of the appropriate exchange rates. For certain exchange rates, Trading Platform 50 can be configured such that 1pip14 is 0.01, 0.001, and / or any appropriate integer or decimal value.
FIG. 3 shows an exemplary graphical user interface 25 displaying market data 24, according to a particular embodiment. In a particular embodiment, processor 38 may execute Rule 42 in memory 36 to provide the graphical user interface 25 to client 20 over network 70. In another embodiment, the client 20 can execute an instruction stored in the client 20 to display the graphical user interface 25. In this example, the graphical user interface 25 has one or more order entry fields 45. Each order entry field 45 can be associated with a separate trading product. In this example, the graphical user interface 25 is in the first order entry field 45 associated with EUR / USD, the second order entry field 45 associated with USD / JPY, and the USD / CHF. It has an associated third order entry field 45 and a fourth order entry field 45 associated with EUR / GBP. However, the order entry field 45 can be associated with equity, notes, commodities, futures, and / or trading commodities in any appropriate number and combination.
Further, or, in addition to displaying the order entry field 45, the graphical user interface 25 can display the transaction history viewer 47 and the market data viewer 49. The transaction history viewer 47 in the graphical user interface 25 associated with a particular trader 22 can generally operate to display the trading orders 12 placed by the particular trader 22. The market data viewer 49 can generally operate to display the market data 24 from the market data server 60. As mentioned above, the market data server 60 can receive information about the trading order 12 in the order book 44 in the memory 36 from the trading platform 50. Based on the information received, at least in part, the market data server 60 can generate market data 24. In a particular embodiment, the market data 24 is the particular trading order 12 in the order book 44, the individual time point when the trading platform 50 received each of the specific trading orders 12, and / or each trading order in the order book 44. Can represent a specific base price 32 associated with 12. In another embodiment, the market data 24 may include the most favorable reference price 32 from each order book 44 on the trading platform 50.
The market data 24 displayed on the market data viewer 49 in the graphical user interface 25 can be generated by the market data server 60. Market data 24 in the exemplary market data viewer 49 lists bids A through D (discussed above with respect to FIG. 2). In this example, the market data server 60 is configured to generate market data 24 with a specific route value 34 and quantity 28 associated with each trading order 12 in order book 44. In this example, if the order book 44 has a plurality of trading orders 12 associated with the same route value 34, the market data 24 is configured to list the plurality of trading orders 12 in chronological order. The market data server 60 removes any fractional pip value of 16 from the market data 24. Thus, after receiving the bid D, the market data server 60 generates the market data 24 based on the bids A to D, at least in part. In particular, market data 24 lists bids A to D in chronological order in relation to the route value 34 of 1.2025. Market data 24 does not have a fractional pip value of 16 for bids A through D. Similarly, the market data viewer 49 displays offers F and G. The market data server 60 transmits the market data 24 to the manager server 30 and the client 20 via the network 70. Market data 24 lists trading orders 12 in chronological order and without a fractional pip value of 16, so market data 24 brings the exact level of the most favorable base price 32 in order book 44 to trader 22. Not shown. In addition, the market data server 60 removes the fractional pip value 16 from the market data 24, so the market data 24 tells the trader 22 which of the bids A to D is associated with the most favorable base price 32. Not shown.
In the above example, the trading orders 12 in the market data 24 are displayed in chronological order according to the time when the trading platform 50 received each trading order 12. However, the market data server 60 lists the trading orders 12 in random order, in reverse order over time, and / or in any appropriate order, grouping, and / or placement. The market data 24 can be configured to be random.
In the example above, market data 24 lists each bid in bidbook 44a. However, in certain embodiments, the market data 24 can be configured to list only the first traded order 12 and / or the last traded order received 12. In another embodiment, the market data 24 can be configured to list a particular subset of trading orders 12. A particular subset may be based on the identification information of the trader 22 that sent the trading order 12, the quantity 28 of the trading order 12, and / or any other suitable criterion. FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of processing trading order 12 associated with a fractional pip value of 16. The method begins in step 402 by storing a particular order book 44 with one or more trading orders 12 in memory 36. At step 404, processor 38 receives a particular trading order 12 associated with a particular quantity 28 and a particular base price 32. In step 406, processor 38 determines whether the particular reference price 32 has a fractional pip value of 16. If the particular reference price 32 does not have a fractional pip value of 16, the method proceeds to step 410. However, if the particular reference price 32 has a fractional pip value of 16, in step 408, processor 38 determines whether the trading order 12 received meets the configurable condition 46 stored in memory 36. Is determined. In a particular embodiment, the configurable condition 46 can instruct the processor 38 to reject the trading order 12 if the quantity 28 of the trading order 12 does not meet the configurable threshold. If the particular quantity 28 meets a configurable threshold, in step 410, processor 38 stores the received trading order 12 in order book 44. However, if processor 38 determines in step 408 that the received trading order 12 does not meet the configurable condition 46, in step 412 the processor 38 rejects the received trading order 12. The method then proceeds to step 414.
In step 414, processor 38 generates and discloses market data 24. At step 416, processor 38 blocks disclosure of the fractional pip value 16 associated with trading order 12 in order book 44. In a particular embodiment, in generating the market data 24, the market data server 60 can remove the fractional pip value 16 from the market data 24 sent to the client 20. In another embodiment, the market data server 60 can remove the fractional pip value 16 from the market data 24. In yet another embodiment, the market data server 60 can mask the fractional pip value 16 so that the client 20 cannot view the fractional pip value 16 associated with the trading order 12. Processor 38 then determines in step 418 whether the trading platform has received a counter-order 12b that satisfies any trading order 12 in order book 44. If processor 38 determines in step 418 that the trading platform 50 has not received a counter-order 12b that satisfies at least one trading order 12 in order book 44, the method returns to step 404. However, if processor 38 determines in step 418 that the trading platform 50 has received a counter-order 12b that satisfies at least one trading order 12 in order book 44, then step 420 satisfies the counter-order 12b. The processor 38 identifies in the order book 44 the specific trading order 12 associated with the most favorable base price 32. In step 422, processor 38 uses counter-order 12b to satisfy at least a portion of the identified trading order 12. The method then ends.
Discretionary trading order processing In certain embodiments, the trading system 10 may allow the trader 22 to place a trading order 12 associated with a particular base price 32 and a particular discretionary value 52. The discretionary value 52 represents the price tolerance that the trader 22 wants to buy or sell a particular trading commodity. For example, if Trader 22 sends a bid for a particular trading commodity with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary price of $ 2, the maximum amount that Trader 22 wants to pay for that particular trading commodity is $ 10. The above bid is associated with a discretionary price of 52, so if the most favorable offer in Offer Book 44b is associated with a base price of $ 9, Trading Platform 50 will execute the transaction at a price of $ 9. can do. Upon receiving the trading order 12 associated with the base price 32 and the discretionary price 52, the processor 38 can operate to seek the limit price 54. The limit price 54 represents the limit of the price tolerance indicated by the discretionary price 52. In the above example, the bid is associated with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary value of $ 52. Therefore, the limit price 54 is $ 10. The base price 32 and the limit price 54 specify the discretionary range 18. In the above example, Bid's discretionary range 18 ranges from $ 8 (base price 32) to $ 10 (limit price 54). In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can match the order 12a associated with the discretionary range 18 with the counter-order 12b associated with the discretionary range 18. In a particular embodiment, if the two discretionary ranges 18 overlap, the trading platform 50 can execute the transaction at a midpoint price of 56. The midpoint price 56 represents the midpoint value of the overlap of the two discretionary ranges 18. By executing a transaction at a midpoint price of 56, no trader 22 is unduly disadvantaged by submitting a trading order 12 with a discretionary value of 52. In a particular embodiment, the trading system 10 ensures that the trader 22 that sends the trading order 12 associated with the discretionary value 52 is not unduly penalized, so that the trading order 12 with the discretionary value 52 is placed. Trader 52 may be encouraged to send. The increase in trading order 12 mentioned above can increase liquidity in trading system 10.
As mentioned above, the trading platform 50 can operate to match the trading orders 12 associated with the discretionary range 18. During operation, the trader 22 can use the client 20 to place an order 12a associated with a base price 32 and a discretionary price 52. Upon receiving the order 12a, the processor 38 can determine the limit price 54 associated with the order 12a. Processor 38 can determine the limit price 54, at least in part, on the specific base price 32 and the specific discretionary price 52 associated with order 12a. Processor 38 can then store order 12a in order book 44 in memory 36. In connection with order 12a, processor 38 has a specific quantity 28 for order 12a, a specific discretionary value 52 associated with order 12a, a specific base price 32 associated with order 12a, and a specific associated with order 12a. The limit price of 54 and / or the time when the trading platform 50 receives the order 12a can be stored in the order book 44. Trading Platform 50 is further operational to receive counter-orders 12b with specific reference values and specific discretionary values 52. Based at least in part on a particular base price 32 and a particular discretionary price 52, processor 38 can determine the limit price 54 associated with counter-order 12b. Processor 38 can then store the reverse order 12b in the reverse order book 44 of memory 36. In connection with the reverse order 12b, processor 38 can store the specific quantity 28, discretionary price 52, base price 32, limit price 54, and time associated with the reverse order 12b in the reverse order book 44.
Processor 38 can then determine if the received reverse order 12b satisfies the received order 12a. If the counter-order 12b touches the discretionary range 18 associated with the order 12a or intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with the order 12a, the processor states that the counter-order 12b satisfies the received order 12a. 38 can be determined. If the limit 54 of the opposite order 12b is equal to the limit 54 of the order 12a, then the particular discretionary range 18 is "touching". If the discretionary range 18 of order 12a overlaps the discretionary range 18 of the opposite order 12b, then the specific discretionary range 18 intersects. For example, if the limit 54 of the counter-order 12b intersects the limit 54 of the order 12a, the discretionary range 18 of the order 12a and the counter-order 12b may intersect. (In general, if the bid price exceeds the offer price, then the bid price is "crossed" with the offer price. Conversely, if the offer price is less than the bid price, the offer price "crosses" the bid price. If the discretionary range 18 of the counterorder 12b touches the discretionary range 18 of the order 12a but does not overlap or intersect, the processor 38 has a limit price of 54 for the order 12a and the counterorder 12b. Transactions between order 12a and counter-order 12b can be executed.
However, if the discretionary range 18 of the counterorder 12b overlaps or intersects the discretionary range 18 of the order 12a, the processor 38 may execute a transaction between the order 12a and the counterorder 12b at a midpoint price of 56. it can. The portion of the discretionary range 18 associated with the order 12a that intersects the discretionary range 18 of the opposite order 12b can be represented as the crossing range 58. Processor 38 can determine the midpoint price 56 based at least in part on the midpoint of the intersection range 58.
One example illustrates a particular embodiment. Trading Platform 50 receives offers associated with a base price of $ 12 and a discretionary value of $ 52 of $ 3. Processor 38 determines that the offer is associated with the limit price 54 of $ 9 and the discretionary range 18 of $ 12 to $ 9, at least in part based on the base price 32 and the discretionary range 18. Trading Platform 50 then receives a bid associated with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary value of $ 52 of $ 2. Based at least in part on the baseline price 32 and the discretionary range 18, processor 38 determines that the bid is associated with the limit price 54 of $ 10 and the discretionary range 18 of $ 8 to $ 10. In this example, processor 38 determines that the discretionary range 18 associated with the offer intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with the bid. In particular, processor 38 determines that the intersection range 58 is between $ 9 (offer limit 54) and $ 10 (bid limit 54). Processor 38 then determines that the price 56 at the midpoint of the determined intersection range 58 is $ 9.50. In this example, processor 38 executes a transaction between the bid and the offer at a determined midpoint price of 56 for $ 9.50.
In the example above, the determined midpoint price 56 is the average of the limit 54 associated with the offer and the limit 54 associated with the bid. In another embodiment, processor 38 can determine that the midpoint price 56 is the average of the base price 32 associated with order 12a and the base price 32 associated with counterorder 12b. For example, processor 38 can match a bid with a base price of $ 8 and a limit price of $ 11 with an offer with a base price of $ 10 and a limit price of $ 7. In this example, processor 38 can determine that the price 56 at the midpoint of intersection 58 is $ 9. Thus, if the base price 32 of counterorder 12b intersects the limit price 54 of order 12a and the limit price 54 of counterorder 12b intersects the base price 32 of order 12a, the processor 38 will have a midpoint price 56. Can be determined to be the average of the base price 32 associated with order 12a and the base price 32 associated with counter-order 12b.
In a particular embodiment, the processor 38 can determine that the midpoint price 56 is the average of the base price 32 of the counterorder 12b and the limit price 54 of the counterorder 12b. For example, processor 38 can match the $ 8 base price 32 and the $ 11 limit 54 with the $ 10 base price 32 and the $ 9 limit 54. In this example, processor 38 can determine that the price 56 at the midpoint of the intersection 58 is $ 9.50. Thus, if the base price 32 of counterorder 12b intersects the limit price 54 of order 12a and the limit price 54 of counterorder 12b does not cross the base price 32 of order 12a, the processor 38 will have an intermediate price of 56. , The base price 32 of the counter-order 12b, and the limit price 54 of the counter-order 12b can be determined to be the average.
As illustrated in the above example, the processor 38 can determine the midpoint price 56 based at least in part on the midpoint value of the overlapping portion of the two discretionary ranges 18. Processor 38 can then execute the transaction at the determined midpoint price 56. In a particular embodiment, processor 38 may execute the transaction at a non-mean price of 56. For example, if the discretionary range 18 of the on-hand order 12a overlaps the discretionary range 18 of the opposite order 12b, the processor 38 may be configured to give more weight to the offer or bid side of the transaction in finding the price to execute the transaction. it can. As an example, the trading platform 50 can be configured to give double the weight to the offerer of the transaction. Therefore, if the intersection range 58 is $ 9 or more and $ 10 or less, the processor 38 can find the price of $ 9.67 (ie, (9 + 10 + 10) / 3)). Thus, if the two discretionary ranges 18 overlap, the processor 38 can be configured to determine the price of the transaction by any of the appropriate linear combinations, formulas, algorithms, tables, and / or other appropriate criteria.
FIG. 5 shows an exemplary order book 44 with a trading order 12 associated with a discretionary value 52, according to a particular embodiment. In this example, the trading platform 50 comprises an offer book 44b and a bid book 44a associated with a particular trading product. The offer book 44b comprises a plurality of offer stacks 62b. Each offer stack 62b is associated with a separate base price 32. In particular, the offer book 44b comprises an offer stack 62b with a base price of 32 for each of $ 10, $ 11 and $ 12. Similarly, the bid book 44a comprises a bid stack 62a with a base price of 32 for each of $ 10, $ 11, and $ 12. If the bid is associated with a discretionary value of 52 and the bid quantity 28 is less than 1,000,000, the bid book 44a further provides a configurable condition 46 that the processor 38 should reject the bid. In this example, Trading Platform 50 receives Bid A at 10:45:02. Bid A is 3,000,000 units of trading commodities at a base price of 32 at $ 10. Bid A is not associated with a discretionary value of 52. Processor 38 stores the bid A in the bid stack 62a associated with the base price 32 of $ 10. In connection with bid A, processor 38 stores a quantity of 28 in 3,000,000 units, a base price of $ 10 32, and a time of 10:45:02. Since bid A is not associated with discretionary value 52, processor 38 does not store discretionary A52 or limit price 54 in relation to bid A.
Trading Platform 50 then receives Bid B at 10:45:04. Bid B is for 5,000,000 units of trading commodities at a base price of 32 at $ 10. Bid B is associated with a discretionary value of 52 for $ 2. Based at least in part on the discretionary value 52, processor 38 determines that the limit price 54 associated with bid B is $ 12. Processor 38 stores bid B in the bid stack 62a associated with the base price 32 of $ 10. In connection with bid B, processor 38 stores a quantity of 28 in 5,000,000 units, a base price of $ 10, a discretionary price of $ 2, a limit of $ 12, 54, and a time of 10:45:04.
After receiving Bid B, Trading Platform 50 receives Bid C at 10:45:06. Bid C is for 4,000,000 units of trading commodities at a base price of 32 at $ 10. Bid C is associated with a discretionary value of 52 for $ 1. Based at least in part on the discretionary value 52, processor 38 determines that the limit price 54 associated with bid C is $ 11. Processor 38 stores the bid C in the bid stack 62a associated with the base price 32 of $ 10. In relation to bid C, processor 38 stores a quantity of 28 in 4,000,000 units, a base price of $ 10, a discretionary price of $ 1, a limit of $ 11, 54, and a time of 10:45:06. The processor 38 monitors the offer book 44b to determine whether the offer book 44b has a counter-order 12b that satisfies any order 12a in the bid book 44a. In this example, Trading Platform 50 receives Offer M at 10:46:09. Offer M is for 2,000,000 units of trading commodities at a base price of 32 at $ 12. Offer M is associated with a discretionary price of $ 1. Based at least in part on the discretionary value 52, processor 38 determines that the limit price 54 associated with offer M is $ 11. Processor 38 stores the offer M in the offer stack 62b associated with the base price 32 of $ 12.
In this example, trading platform 50 comprises a first rule for first matching order 12a and counter-order 12b associated with the most favorable base price 32. Therefore, processor 38 first scans the bid stack 62a associated with the base price 32 of $ 12. In this example, processor 38 determines that the bid stack 62a associated with the base price 32 of $ 12 is free. Processor 38 then scans the bid stack 62a associated with the base price 32 of $ 11. After determining that the bid stack 62a associated with the $ 11 base price 32 is free, processor 38 scans the bid stack 62a associated with the $ 10 base price 32. In this example, processor 38 determines that the discretionary range 18 associated with offer M meets the discretionary range 18 associated with bid B and the discretionary range 18 associated with bid C.
In this example, the trading platform 50 uses the processor 38 with the order 12a associated with the most favorable limit price 54 if the counter-order 12b matches multiple orders 12a associated with the same base price 32. It has a second rule 42 that the transaction should be carried out. In this example, Bid B is associated with a $ 12 limit 54 and Bid C is associated with a $ 11 limit 54. Since the bid B is associated with the most favorable limit 54, the processor 38 determines that the offer M is matched with the bid B.
Processor 38 then finds the price to execute the transaction for Bid B and Offer M. In this example, trading platform 50 executes a transaction at the midpoint of crossing range 58 if discretionary range 18 associated with order 12a intersects discretionary range 18 associated with counterorder 12b. It has a third rule 42 to that effect. In this example, the discretionary range 18 associated with Bid B is defined by a base price of $ 10 and a limit of $ 12. The discretionary range 18 associated with Offer M is defined by a base price of $ 12 and a limit of $ 11. Thus, processor 38 determines that the intersection range 58 is defined by the offer M limit price of $ 11 and the base price 32 (and / or bid B limit price 54) of offer M for $ 12. Processor 38 determines that the midpoint value of the intersection range 58 is $ 11.50. Thus, Processor 38 executes transactions relating to Bid B and Offer M at a midpoint price of $ 56 of $ 11.50. In particular, Processor 38 fills a portion of Bid B with 2,000,000 units of trading commodities from Offer M for $ 11.50.
In this example, when a transaction is executed, the processor 38 is configured to generate a transaction confirmation record 64 and store it in memory 36. Therefore, the processor 38 generates the transaction confirmation record 64 of the transaction related to the bid B and the offer M. The transaction confirmation record 64 has a midpoint price of $ 56 of $ 11.50.
In the example above, trading platform 50 receives trading order 12 associated with a base price of 32 in dollars. However, the base price 32 can be expressed as any suitable currency, rate, unit, and / or measure.
FIG. 6 shows an exemplary graphical user interface 25 for receiving a trading order 12 associated with a discretionary value 52, according to a particular embodiment. In a particular embodiment, processor 38 can execute logic in memory 36 to provide a graphical user interface 25 to client 20 over network 70. In another embodiment, the client 20 can execute an instruction stored in the client 20 to display the graphical user interface 25. In this example, the graphical user interface 25 has one or more order entry fields 45. Each order entry field 45 can be associated with a separate trading product. In this example, the graphical user interface 25 is in the first order entry field 45 associated with the trading commodity W, the second order entry field 45 associated with the trading commodity X, and the trading commodity Y. It comprises an associated third order entry field 45 and a fourth order entry field 45 associated with trading commodity Z. The order entry field 45 can be associated with equity, notes, commodities, futures, and / any appropriate number and combination of trading commodities. In certain embodiments, the order entry field 45 has an input field and a discretionary key 66. The trader 22 can use the client 20 to enter a specific base price 32 and / or a specific quantity 28 for trading order 12 in the input field. The trader 22 can use the client 20 to enter a fractional pip value 16 and / or a discretionary value 52 associated with the trading order 12 in the input field.
According to a particular embodiment, the trader 22 can use the discretionary key 66 to enter the discretionary value 52 associated with the trading order 12. For example, after entering the base price 32 of the trading order 12 in the input field, the trader 22 can select the discretionary key 66 on the graphical user interface 25. After selecting the discretionary key 66, the trader 22 enters the discretionary value 52. After receiving the discretionary value 52, the client 20 can generate the trading order 12 based at least in part on the base price 32 and the discretionary value 52 received via the graphical user interface 25. Client 20 can then submit trading order 12 to trading platform 50 for execution.
Further, or, in addition to displaying the order entry field 45, the graphical user interface 25 can display the transaction history viewer 47 and the market data viewer 49. The transaction history viewer 47 in the graphical user interface 25 associated with a particular trader 22 can generally operate to display the trading orders 12 placed by the particular trader 22. The market data viewer 49 can generally operate to display the market data 24 from the market data server 60. As mentioned above, the market data server 60 can receive information about the trading order 12 in the order book 44 in the memory 36 from the trading platform 50. Based on the information received, at least in part, the market data server 60 can generate market data 24. In a particular embodiment, the market data 24 is the particular trading order 12 in the order book 44, the individual time point when the trading platform 50 received each of the specific trading orders 12, and / or each trading order in the order book 44. Can represent a specific base price 32 associated with 12. In another embodiment, the market data 24 may include the most favorable reference price 32 from each order book 44 on the trading platform 50. The market data server 60 can operate to prevent disclosure of the fractional pip value 16 and / or the discretionary value 52 associated with the trading order 12 in the purchase order 44. In particular, the market data server 60 can remove the fractional pip value 16 and / or the discretionary value 52 from the market data 24. In this example, the market data viewer 49 displays the market data 24 based at least in part on the bid book 44a shown in FIG. The market data 24 displayed represents bids A, B and C in chronological order in relation to the base price 32 of $ 10. Since the market data server 60 removes the discretionary value 52 from the market data 24, the trader 22 looking at the market data 24 displayed by the graphical user interface 25 takes the most favorable limit 54 in the purchase order 44. Cannot be determined. By blocking the disclosure of discretionary value 52, the trading system 10 can reduce or eliminate certain types of arbitrage.
In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can process a particular trading order 12 associated with a fractional pip value of 16 and a discretionary value of 52. FIG. 7 shows an exemplary order book 44 with a trading order 12 associated with a discretionary value 52 and a trading order 12 associated with a fractional pip value 16 according to a particular embodiment. In this example, the trading platform 50 comprises a bid book 44a associated with a 3-month futures contract against the EUR / USD currency pair and an offer book 44b associated with a 3-month futures contract against the EUR / USD currency pair. Trading Platform 50 is configured so that 1pip14 is equal to 0.0001 for EUR / USD. At 14:02:02, Trading Platform 50 receives a quantity of 28 Bid A of $ 5,000,000. Bid A is associated with a base price of 32 at 1.2023 and a discretionary value of 52 for the two pip14s. Upon receiving the bid A, the processor 38 determines that the base price 32 has a root value of 34 of 1.2023 and no fractional pip value of 16. Based at least in part on the discretionary value 52 associated with bid A, processor 38 determines that the limit 54 associated with bid A is 1.2025. In the bid book 44a, processor 38 stores bid A in relation to a quantity of $ 5,000,000, a root value of 1.2023, a discretionary value of 52 for two pip14s, a limit of 1.2025, and a time of 14:02:02. .. In this example, processor 38 then scans offer book 44b to determine if offer book 44b has an offer that satisfies bid A.
In this example, Trading Platform 50 has not yet received any offers to meet Bid A. Trading Platform 50 then receives Bid B at 14:02:05. Bid B is for a quantity 28 of $ 5,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20234. Bid B is not associated with a discretionary value of 52. Thus, processor 38 stores bid B in bid book 44a in relation to a quantity of $ 5,000,000, a root value of 1.2023, a fractional pip value of 16, and a time of 14:02:05. Since bid B is not associated with discretionary value 52, processor 38 does not store bid B's limit price 54 in bid book 44a. Trading Platform 50 then receives Bid C at 14:02:06. Bid C is for a quantity 28 of $ 5,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20242. Bid C is associated with a discretionary value of 52 at 1pip14. Therefore, the processor 38 stores the bid C in the bid book 44a in relation to the root value 34 of 1.2024, the fractional pip value of 2 16, the discretionary value 52 of 1, the limit 54 of 1.20252, and the time of 14:02:06. To do. Bid D is then received by Trading Platform 50 at 14:02:10. Bid D is for a quantity 28 of $ 5,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20234. Bid D is associated with a discretionary value of 52 for three pip14s. Therefore, the processor 38 stores the bid D in the bid book 44a in relation to the root value 34 of 1.2023, the fractional pip value of 4 16, the discretionary value 52 of 3, the limit 54 of 1.20264, and the time of 14:02:10. To do.
The processor 38 monitors the offer book 44b to determine whether the offer book 44b has any offer that satisfies any of the bids in the bid book 44a. In this example, Trading Platform 50 receives Offer M at 14:02:03. Offer M is for $ 5,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1,2025. Offer M is associated with a discretionary value of 52 at 1pip14. Therefore, the processor 38 stores the offer M in the offer book 44b in relation to the root value 34 of 1.2025, the fractional pip value 1.2025 of 1, the discretionary value 52 of 1, the limit 54 of 1.2024, and the time. In this example, upon receiving the reverse order 12b, the processor 38 should scan the order book 44 to identify the order 12b that matches or intersects the reverse order 12b. The trading platform 50 is equipped with Rule 42 of. Thus, upon receiving the offer M, the processor 38 scans the bid book 44a and the limit 54 associated with the offer M is the limit 54 associated with the bid A, the limit 54 associated with the bid C, and the bid D. Determines that it intersects the limit price 54 associated with. Thus, processor 38 identifies bids A, C and D as matching or intersecting offer M. In this example, if multiple orders 12a are identified as matching or intersecting counter-order 12b, processor 38 is associated with the most favorable base price 32. The trading platform 50 comprises a second rule 42 stating that 12a should be determined. In this example, Bid A is associated with a base price of 1.2023, Bid C is associated with a base price of 1.20242, and Bid D is associated with a base price of 32 at 1.20234. Since the bid C is associated with the most favorable base price 32, the processor 38 identifies the bid C as the specific bid to match with the offer M. Processor 38 then finds the price to execute the transaction for Bid C and Offer M. In this example, if the discretionary range 18 associated with order 12a intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with counterorder 12b, then the transaction is executed at the price 56 at the midpoint of the crossing range 58. The trading platform 50 is equipped with a third rule 42. In this example, the discretionary range 18 associated with Bid C is defined by a base price of 1.20242 and a limit of 54 of 1.20252. The discretionary range 18 associated with Offer M is defined by a base price of 1.2025 and a limit price of 1.2024. Therefore, the processor 38 determines that the intersection range 58 is defined by the reference price 32 of bid C of 1.20242 and the reference price 32 of offer M of 1.2025. Processor 38 determines that the price 56 at the midpoint of the intersection 58 is 1.20246. Thus, processor 38 executes transactions relating to bid C and offer M at a midpoint price of 56 at 1.20246. The processor 38 then generates and stores a transaction confirmation record 64 for the transaction.
In this example, Bid C is associated with the most favorable price 32, so even though Bid A is first received and associated with the discretionary range 18 that meets Offer M, the trading platform. 50 matches Bid C with Offer M instead of Bid A. Therefore, the trading platform 50 can provide an incentive for the trader 22 to place a trading order 12 with a more favorable reference price 32. An increase in trading order 12 with a more favorable reference price 32 may increase liquidity in trading system 10.
In this example, after filling the bid C with the offer M, the trading platform 50 removes the bid C and the offer M from the purchase order 44. Trading Platform 50 then receives Offer N at 14:02:15. Offer N is for $ 5,000,000 at a base price of 32 at 1.20244. Offer N is associated with a discretionary value of 52 at 1pip14. Thus, processor 38 offers 1.2024 route value 34, 4 fraction pip value 16, 1 discretionary value 52, 1.20244 base price 32, 1.20234 limit 54, and 14:02:15 time offer N Is stored in the offer book 44b. According to first rule 42 in memory 36, trading platform 50 scans bid book 44a to identify any bid that matches offer N. In this example, the limit price 54 associated with offer N intersects the limit price 54 associated with bid A, matches the base price 32 associated with bid B, and the base price associated with bid D. Matches price 32. (As mentioned above, bid C is already satisfied.) Thus, processor 38 identifies bids A, B and D as matching or intersecting offer N.
As mentioned above, if multiple orders 12a are identified as matching or intersecting counter-order 12b, processor 38 will be associated with order 12a associated with the most favorable base price 32. The trading platform 50 in this example has a second rule 42 to the effect that In this example, processor 38, both bid B and bid D, is associated with the most favorable base price 32 (ie, 1.20234). If two or more of the identified orders 12a are associated with the most favorable base price 32, then from the two or more identified orders 12a associated with the most favorable base price 32, the most favorable limit price 54 The trading platform 50 comprises a fourth rule 42 that the processor 38 should determine the particular order 12a associated with. In this example, bid B and bid D are associated with the most favorable base price 32 (ie 1.20234). However, Bid B is not associated with any limit price 54. Bid D is associated with a limit price of 54 at 1.20264. Since the bid D is associated with the most favorable base price 54, the processor 38 identifies the bid D as the particular bid to match with the offer N.
Processor 38 then finds the price to execute the transaction for Bid D and Offer N. As mentioned above, if the discretionary range 18 associated with order 12a intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with counterorder 12b, the transaction will be executed at the price 56 at the midpoint of the crossing range 58. The third rule 42 in memory 36 specifies. In this example, the discretionary range 18 associated with Bid D is defined by a base price of 32 at 1.20234 and a limit price of 54 at 1.20264. The discretionary range 18 associated with offer N is defined by a base price of 32 at 1.20244 and a limit price of 54 at 1.20234. Thus, processor 38 determines that the intersection range 58 is defined by the bid D base price 32 (and / or offer N limit price 54) of 1.20234 and the offer N base price 32 of 1.20244. Processor 38 determines that the price 56 at the midpoint of the intersection 58 is 1.20239. Thus, processor 38 executes transactions relating to bid D and offer N at a midpoint price of 56 at 1.20239. The processor 38 then generates a transaction confirmation record 64 for the transaction and stores it in the memory 36.
In this example, Bid B is not associated with a discretionary value of 52, so Processor 38 is at least partially matching Bid D and Offer N instead of Bid B. Thus, the trading system 10 can provide an incentive for the trader 22 to place the trading order 12 associated with the discretionary value 52. The increase in trading order 12 associated with discretionary value 52 may increase liquidity in trading system 10.
In the example above, the trading platform 50 is configured so that 1pip14 for a particular exchange rate is 0.0001. However, for certain exchange rates, Trading Platform 50 can be configured such that 1pip14 is 0.01, 0.001, and / or any suitable integer or decimal value.
In the example above, trading platform 50 receives trading orders 12 associated with the EUR / USD currency pair. However, Trading Platform 50 can receive and process trading orders 12 associated with USD / JPY, USD / CHF, EUR / GBP, and / or any appropriate currency pair. In addition, any trading product (eg, financial instruments, stocks, bonds, futures contracts, equity securities, mutual funds, currencies, options, derivatives, commodities, etc.), or the appropriate trading product in any number and combination. Trading orders 12 associated with can be received and processed.
FIG. 8 shows a flow chart of the processing of trading order 12 associated with discretionary range 18 according to a particular embodiment. The method begins in step 802 by storing multiple orders 12a in memory 36. In step 804, the trading platform 50 receives the counter-order 12b associated with the particular discretionary range 18. In step 806, the trading platform 50 identifies the set of orders 12a stored in memory 36. This set contains in memory 36 each order 12a that satisfies the received counter-order 12b. In step 808, the trading platform 50 identifies the particular order 12a associated with the most favorable base price 32 from the order 12a in the identified set. In step 810, the trading platform 50 determines whether the identified order 12a is associated with discretionary range 18. If the trading platform 50 determines in step 810 that the identified order 12a is not associated with the discretionary range 18, then in step 812 the trading platform 50 will at least fill in the identified order 12a and the counter-order 12b. Perform transactions on a partial basis. The transaction is executed at the base price 32 associated with the identified order 12a. The method then ends.
However, if the trading platform 50 determines in step 810 that the identified order 12a is associated with a particular discretionary range 18, then in step 814 it is identified as the discretionary range 18 associated with the counter-order 12b. The trading platform 50 determines the midpoint price 56 based at least in part on the intersection of the discretionary range 18 associated with the order 12a. In step 816, the trading platform 50 executes the transaction on the basis of the identified order 12a and the counter-order 12b at least in part. The transaction is executed at the determined midpoint price of 56. The method then ends.
Managing trading between separate trading groups FIG. 9 shows a trading system 10 configured to manage trading between a basic trader 22x and a special trader 22y according to a particular embodiment. The trading system 10 comprises a client 20, a manager server 30, a gateway server 40, a trading platform 50, and a market data server 60 coupled by a network 70 to communicate. Each component of the trading system 10 shown in FIG. 9 can operate to perform the function and / or operation of the corresponding component shown in FIG. According to a particular embodiment, the trading system 10 may include a plurality of trader groups 22. Each group can be represented as a trading group 72. When a particular trader 22 registers to participate in the trading system 10, the particular trader 22 can be registered as a member of the particular trading group 72. Since the trader 22 in the trading system 10 can have various objectives, specialties, interests, goals, and / or backgrounds, the trading system 10 can provide a plurality of trading groups 72. For example, two or more traders 22 having a particular discipline in common can be registered to participate in the trading group 72 associated with a particular discipline. Two or more traders 22 having different disciplines in common can be registered to participate in the trading group 72 associated with another discipline. Trading group 72 can be defined by any suitable criterion. In particular, a particular trading group 72 can be defined by the size, net worth, historical performance, trading volume, and / or other characteristics of the trader 22 in the particular trading group 72. For example, the trading system 10 may include a particular trading group 72 for banks, another trading group 72 for hedge fund managers, and another trading group 72 for individuals. The trading system 10 may include trading groups 72 of any number and combination.
According to a particular embodiment, the trading group 72 may include a basic group 72x, a special group 72y, and a flex group 72z. The fundamental group 72x and the special group 72y represent two separate groups of traders 22. In a particular embodiment, the base group 72x corresponds to the basic membership level in trading system 10 and the special group 72y corresponds to the advanced membership level. The trader 22 may need to pay a fee and / or meet certain criteria in order to qualify for the special group 72y. In certain embodiments, the special group 72y may include banks, brokerage firms, and / or other market makers 26. However, the trading system 10 may include criteria for any number and combination associated with the fundamental group 72x and / or the special group 72y.
The trader 22 in the special group 72y can be represented as the special trader 22y, and the trader 22 in the fundamental group 72x can be represented as the basic trader 22x. Trading order 12 from special trader 22y can be represented as special order 12y, and trading order 12 from basic trader 22x can be represented as basic order 12x. According to certain embodiments, the Special Trader 22y may not want to trade with the Base Trader 22x because of its purpose, strategy, and / or size. In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 can be configured to block transactions between the special trader 22y and the base trader 22x. The trading platform 50 can be further configured to block the disclosure of special trading orders 12 to the base trader 22x. In particular, the trading platform 50 can remove or remove information about the special trading order 12 from the market data 24 sent to the client 20 associated with the base trader 22x.
As mentioned above, the trading system 10 may include the flex group 72z of the trader 22. According to a particular embodiment, the flex group 72z qualifies to be a special trader 22y, but includes a trader 22 who wants to trade with both the basic trader 22x and the special trader 22y. In certain embodiments, the trader 22 in the flex group 72z may need to meet the same qualifications as the trader 22 in the special group 72y and / or pay the same fee. The trading system 10 can be configured to allow the trader 22 in the flex group 72z to trade with the basic trader 22x and the special trader 22y. Trader 22 in flex group 72z can be represented as flex trader 22z and trading order 12 from flex trader 22z can be represented as flex order 12z.
Trading Platform 50 can operate to receive basic orders 12x, special orders 12y and flex orders 12z. In certain embodiments, the trading platform 50 includes a base order book 44x and a special order book 44y. The basic order book 12x can store the basic order 12x from the basic trader 22x, and the special order book 44y can store the special order 12y from the special trader 22y. The basic order book 44x and the special order book 44y can be used in parallel by the trading platform 50. For example, the trading platform 50 may include a basic order book 44x associated with trading product X as well as a special order book 44y associated with trading product X. Upon receiving the first bid for Trading Commodity X from Base Trader 22x, Trading Platform 50 may store the first bid in the Base Order Book 44x associated with Trading Commodity X. Upon receiving a second bid for Trading Commodity X from Special Trader 22y, Trading Platform 50 may store the second bid in the Special Order Book 44y associated with Trading Commodity X.
According to a particular embodiment, the flex order 12z from the flex trader 22z can be stored in the basic order book 44x and the special order book 44y. For example, upon receiving a flex order 12z for trading commodity X, the trading platform 50 can store the flex order 12z in the basic order book 44x for trading commodity X and the special order book 44y for trading commodity X.
The trading platform 50 can operate to manage the priority of the trading order 12 in the basic order book 44x and the special order book 44y. Each trading order 12 can be stored in the appropriate order book 44 in relation to when the trading platform 50 receives a particular trading order 12. In general, the priority of the trading order 12 may be based at least in part on the base price 32 associated with the trading order 12 and / or when the trading platform 50 receives the trading order 12. In a particular embodiment, in a particular order book 44, the trading order 12 associated with the most favorable base price 32 has priority. According to a particular embodiment, if a particular order book 44 has two or more trading orders 12 associated with the most favorable base price 32, then the trading platform 50 is first placed by the trading platform 50. Priority can be assigned to a particular trading order 12 received (from two or more trading orders 12 associated with the most favorable base price 32). It can be said that the trading order 12 having the priority in the basic order book 44x has the basic priority. It can be said that the trading order 12 having the priority in the special order book 44y has the special priority.
In certain embodiments, memory 36 may include rule 42 associated with purchase order 44. In particular, memory 36 may include basic rule 42x associated with basic order book 44x and special rule 42y associated with special order book 44y. Basic rule 42x generally comprises Rule 42 for processing a basic order 12x and executing transactions between basic traders 22x. Basic rule 42y generally comprises rule 42 for processing special orders 12y and executing transactions between basic traders 22y. Basic Rule 42x and Special Rule 42y may include any appropriate instructions, guidelines, directives, and / or criteria for routing, matching, and / or executing trading orders 12. Special Rule 42y and Basic Rule 42x may further include directives, guidelines, directives, and / or standards for generating and / or disclosing market data 24. In certain embodiments, special rule 42y may differ from basic rule 42x. For example, if a particular special rule 42y intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with order 12a with the discretionary range 18 associated with counterorder 12b, the processor 38 is at the midpoint of the intersection range 58. It could be that the transaction should be executed at a price of 56. In contrast, if certain basic rule 42x intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with on-hand order 12a with the discretionary range 18 associated with counter-order 12b, the processor 38 will limit the on-hand order 12a 54. Or it could be that the transaction should be executed at the base price 32. As another example, special rule 42y may include a first rule that allows processor 38 to execute a transaction at a price having a fractional pip value of 16. In contrast, basic rule 42x states that if trading order 12 is associated with a fractional pip value 16, processor 38 should round the base price 32 to the nearest full pip price and trade at the full pip price. It may include a second rule that it should be implemented. Therefore, the basic rule 42x can be different from the special rule 42y. As a result, transactions between special traders 22y can be performed differently from transactions between basic traders 22x.
The special rule 42y described above can be the basic rule 42x in certain embodiments. The above-mentioned basic rule 42x can be a special rule 42y in a particular embodiment. In addition, Special Rule 42y and Basic Rule 42x provide appropriate rules, instructions, and / or criteria for any number and combination for routing, processing and matching of trading orders 12 and / or disclosure of market data 24. Can include.
As mentioned above, the trading platform 50 can store specific flex orders 12z from flex trader 22z in basic order book 44x and special order book 44y. In a particular embodiment, if a particular flex order 12z matches a particular special counter-order 12b in a particular order book 44y, the processor 38 will be driven by the flex order 12z and the special counter-order 12b by special rule 42y. You can execute transactions. In a particular embodiment, if a particular flex order 12z matches a particular base counter-order 12b in a particular order book 44x, the processor 38 is subject to flex order 12z and base counter-order 12b according to basic rule 42x. You can execute transactions. In certain embodiments, if a particular flex order 12z matches a particular flex counter-order 12z, processor 38 trades with flex order 12z and flex counter-order 12z under Special Rule 42y or Basic Rule 42x. Can be executed.
One example illustrates a particular embodiment. In this embodiment, the trading platform 10 is configured to block transactions between the special trader 22y and the base trader 22x. Processor 38 receives a base bid for Trading Commodity X with a base price of $ 32 from Base Trader 22x. Processor 38 stores the base bid in the base order book 44x. Processor 38 then receives a special offer for Trading Commodity X with a base price of $ 32 from Special Trader 22y. Processor 38 stores the special offer in the special order book 44y. Processor 38 does not match the $ 8 special offer with the $ 8 base bid, as the trading system 10 is configured to block trades between the special trader 22y and the base trader 22x. Processor 38 then receives a flex bid for Trading Commodity X with a base price of $ 32 from Flex Trader 22z. The processor 38 stores the flex bid in the basic order book 44x and the special order book 44y. Processor 38 scans the special order book 44y and determines that the $ 8 flex bid matches the $ 8 special offer. Processor 38 then executes a transaction between the $ 8 flex bid from the special order book 44y and the $ 8 special offer from the special order book 44y. Regarding the execution of the transaction, processor 38 removes the $ 8 flex bid from the base order book 44x. Although the above example shows a base price 32 in dollars, the trading system 10 can receive and process trading orders 12 associated with the appropriate trading commodities in any number and combination.
During operation, processor 38 is capable of receiving a base order 12x from the base trader 22x, a special order 12y from the special trader 22y, and a flex order 12z from the flex trader 22z. Upon receiving the base order 12x, the processor 38 can store the base order 12x in the base order book 44x in the memory 36. Upon receiving the special order 12y, the processor 38 can store the special order 12y in the special order book 44y in the memory 36. Upon receiving the flex order 12z, the processor 38 can store the flex order 12z in the basic order book 44x and the special order book 44y. Memory 36 on the trading platform 50 may include basic rule 42x associated with basic order book 44x and special rule 42y associated with special order book 44y.
According to a particular embodiment, Trading Platform 50 can then receive counter-order 12b. If the counter-order 12b is from the base trader 22x, the trading platform 50 can match the counter-order 12b with the base order 12x and / or the flex order 12z in the base order book 44x. If the reverse order 12b is from the base order book 22x and is matched with the flex order 12z in the base order book 44x, the trading platform 50 can remove the corresponding flex order 12z from the special order book 44y.
In certain embodiments, if the counter-order 12b is from the special trader 22y, the trading platform 50 can match the counter-order 12b with the base order 12y and / or the flex order 12z in the special order book 44y. If the reverse order 12b is from the special order book 22y and is matched with the flex order 12z in the special order book 44y, the trading platform 50 can remove the corresponding flex order 12z from the base order book 44x.
In certain embodiments, if the counter-order 12b is from the flex trader 22z, the trading platform 50 can match the counter-order 12b with the special order 12y and / or the flex order 12z in the special order book 44y. If the special order book 44y does not have any matching trading orders 12, the trading platform 50 will match the counter orders 12b from the flex trader 22z with the base orders 12x in the base order book 44x. Can be done. If the counter-order 12b is from Flex Trader 22z and is matched with Flex Order 12z in Special Order Book 44y, Trading Platform 50 may remove the corresponding Flex Order 12z from Base Order Book 44x.
FIG. 10 shows a memory 36 with an exemplary basic order book 44x and an exemplary special order book 44y, according to a particular embodiment. In this example, if memory 36 intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with order 12a with the discretionary range 18 associated with counterorder 12b, the processor 38 is priced at the midpoint of intersection range 58. It has a special rule 42y that the transaction should be carried out at 56. If the memory 36 intersects the discretionary range 18 associated with the on-hand order 12a with the discretionary range 18 associated with the counter-order 12b, the processor 38 should execute the transaction at the limit 54 of the on-hand order 12a. It also has the basic rule 42x to that effect. In this example, if the flex reverse order 12 matches the trading order 12 in the base order book 44x and the trading order 12 in the special order book 44y, the processor 38 flex opposes the trading order 12 in the special order book 44y. Memory 36 further provides general rule 42 that order 12b should be matched first.
In this example, processor 38 receives the base bid A associated with the quantity 28 in units of 100,000 at 12:24:02. Base Bid A is associated with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary value of $ 52. Processor 38 stores the basic bid A in the basic bid book 44x. Processor 38 then receives the special bid B associated with the quantity 28 in units of 500,000 at 12:24:02. Special Bid B is associated with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary value of $ 52. Trading Platform 50 stores Special Bid B in Special Bid Book 44y.
At 12:24:06, processor 38 receives the flex bid C associated with the quantity 28 in units of 500,000. Flex Bid C is associated with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary price of $ 52. The processor 38 stores the flex bid C in the special bid book 44y and the basic bid book 44x. Processor 38 then receives the basic bid D associated with the quantity 28 in units of 100,000. The base bid D is associated with a base price of $ 8 and a discretionary value of $ 52. Processor 38 stores the basic bid D in the basic bid book 44x.
In this example, processor 38 receives a flex offer E associated with a quantity 28 of 5,000,000 units. Flex Offer E is associated with a base price of $ 11 and a discretionary price of $ 2. Upon receiving Flex Offer E, Processor 38 states that Flex Offer E's discretionary range 18 intersects Base Bid A, Special Bid B, Flex Bid C, and Base Bid D's discretionary range 18. judge. Processor 38 further determines that the special bid B is associated with the special priority in the special bid book 44y and the base bid A is associated with the base priority in the base bid book 44x. As mentioned above, if the flex reverse order 12b matches the trading order 12 in the base order book 44x and the trading order 12 in the special order book 44y, the processor 38 flex opposes the trading order 12 in the special order book 44y. Memory 36 has general rule 42 that order 12b should be matched first. Therefore, the processor 38 first matches the special bid B with the flex offer E. According to special rule 42y in memory 36, processor 38 executes the transaction at a midpoint price of $ 56 of $ 9.50. After matching the special bid B with the flex offer E, the processor 38 determines that a portion (4,500,000 units) of the flex offer E remains unfilled. According to General Rule 42, processor 38 then matches Flex Bid C in Special Bid Book 44y with Flex Offer E. According to special rule 42y in memory 36, processor 38 executes the transaction at a midpoint price of $ 56 of $ 9.50. Regarding the execution of the transaction, the processor 38 removes the flex bid C from the basic bid book 44x.
After matching Flex Bid C with Flex Offer E, Processor 38 determines that a portion (4,000,000 units) of Flex Offer E remains unfilled. Since the special bid book 44y no longer has a matching trading order 12, the processor 38 then matches the base bid A in the base bid book 44x with the flex offer E. According to basic rule 42x in memory 36, processor 38 executes the transaction for $ 11 (ie, limit price 54 of base bid A).
After matching Flex Bid A with Flex Offer E, Processor 38 determines that a portion (3,900,000 units) of Flex Offer E remains unfilled. Processor 38 then matches the base bid D in the base bid book 44x with the flex offer E. According to basic rule 42x in memory 36, processor 38 executes the transaction for $ 10 (ie, base bid D limit 54). Processor 38 then determines that the base bidbook 44x no longer has a matching trading order 12. Therefore, the processor 38 stores the remaining portion (3,800,000 units) of the flex offer E in the basic offer book and the special offer book.
Although the above example shows a base price 32 in dollars, the trading system 10 can receive and process trading orders 12 associated with the appropriate trading commodities in any number and combination.
The above example shows a special rule 42y and a basic rule 42x for matching a trading order 12 with a discretionary value of 52. However, Basic Rule 42x and Special Rule 42y may include any appropriate instructions, criteria and / or logic associated with the characteristics of any number and combination of trading orders 12.
The present invention has some important technical advantages. The various embodiments of the present invention may not have any of these advantages and may have some or all of these advantages. As an advantage, the trading system 10 can process trading orders 12 from a particular group 72 of traders 22 by a particular set of rules 42, and another set of traders 22 by another set of rules 42. Trading orders 12 from group 42 can be processed. In certain embodiments, the trading system 10 can prevent trading between different types of traders 22. Thus, the trading system 10 may allow the trader 22 to avoid trading with a counterparty that is perceived as a nuisance or an unfair advantage.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of managing trading order 12 according to a specific embodiment. The method begins in step 1102 by storing a particular base order 12x from the base trader 22x in the base order book 44x. In step 1104, processor 38 receives the special order 12y from the special trader 22y. The processor 38 can store the special order 12y in the special order book 44y in the memory 36. In step 1106, the processor 38 and / or the market data server 60 can generate market data 24 based at least in part on trading orders 12 in basic order book 44x and special order book 44y. Processor 38 and / or market data server 60 provides market data 24 with information about special orders 12y, flex orders 12z and base orders 12x in order book 44 in memory 36 to clients associated with flex trader 22z. Can be sent to 20. In step 1108, the processor 38 and / or the market data server 60 can remove information about the special order 12y in the special order book 44y from the market data 24 sent to the base trader 22x.
At step 1110, processor 38 receives from flex trader 22z a specific flex counter-order 12b that matches the stored base order 12x and the received special order 12y. At step 1112, processor 38 executes the transactions associated with the received special order 12y and the received flex counter-order 12b. Transactions can be carried out according to special rule 42y. At step 1114, processor 38 determines if any part of flex counter-order 12b is not satisfied. If processor 38 determines in step 1114 that all flex counter-orders 12b are satisfied, then the method ends. However, if processor 38 determines in step 1114 that a portion of the flex counter-order 12b is unfilled, then in step 1116 the processor 38 receives the base order 12x and the unfilled portion of the counter-order 12b. Can execute transactions associated with. This transaction can be carried out according to Basic Rule 42x in memory 36. The method then ends.
Although the present invention has been described in some examples, those skilled in the art can come up with innumerable changes and modifications, and the invention includes the aforementioned modifications and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims. Is intended.
<figref num="1">It is a figure which shows one Example of the trading system by this invention.</figref><figref num="2">FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary order book with trading orders associated with fractional pip values, according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="3">FIG. 5 illustrates a graphical user interface for displaying market data according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 6 is a flow chart of processing a trading order associated with a fractional pip value according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="5">FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary order book with trading orders associated with a discretionary range according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 5 illustrates a graphical user interface for entering trading orders associated with a discretionary range, according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="7">It is a figure which shows the exemplary order book by a specific embodiment.</figref><figref num="8">It is a flowchart of the processing of the trading order associated with the discretionary range.</figref><figref num="9">It is a figure which shows the trading system which was configured to manage the trading among the basic trader, the special trader, and the flex trader according to a specific embodiment.</figref><figref num="10A">FIG. 5 shows a memory with an exemplary basic order book and an exemplary special order book according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="10B">FIG. 5 shows a memory with an exemplary basic order book and an exemplary special order book according to a particular embodiment.</figref><figref num="11">It is a flowchart of the management of a trading order according to a specific embodiment.</figref>
Code description
10 Trading system 36 memory 38 processor 50 Trading Platform
12 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12
Every citation, both ways
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| JP2008518366A | Cites | Japan |
30 members in 5 offices
Priority claims5
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Numbers
- Publication
- 4965467
- Publication, DOCDB
- 4965467
- Publication, EPODOC
- JP4965467B
- Application
- 6253
- Application, DOCDB
- 2008006253
- Application, EPODOC
- JP20080006253
Titles2
- Japanese
- 電子トレーディング・システムにおいて市場データの表示を管理するシステム
- English
- A system that manages the display of market data in an electronic trading system
Classification
- CPC, 3
- G06Q40/06
- G06Q30/06
- G06Q40/04
- IPC, 1
- G06Q40 04
