Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device such as a television or a display and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal material containing a photosensitive material and a method for manufacturing the same.

A liquid crystal display device is a display device in which a liquid crystal is enclosed between two opposing substrates and the electro-optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal is used to utilize an electrical stimulus for optical switching. .. The brightness of the transmitted light of the liquid crystal panel is controlled by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal to change the direction of the axis of the refractive index anisotropy by utilizing the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal.

In such a liquid crystal display device, it is very important to control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal. If the initial arrangement is not stable, the direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal becomes unstable, and as a result, the refractive index cannot be controlled. Typical methods for controlling the arrangement of such liquid crystal molecules include a method for controlling the initial formation angle (pretilt angle) between the alignment film and the liquid crystal, and a transverse electric field formed between the bus line and the pixel electrode. There is a method of controlling.

The same can be said for the case of using a liquid crystal material containing a photosensitive material, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, in particular, the initial orientation state is controlled by exposing the liquid crystal material to a state where a voltage is applied. Regarding the liquid crystal display mode, the method of applying the voltage at the time of photosensitivity is important. This is because if the magnitude of the voltage is different, the pretilt angle formed at the initial stage is different, and as a result, it becomes a causative part having different transmittance characteristics.

Explaining in relation to the first aspect of the present invention, when driving a liquid crystal, a method called a simple matrix or a method called an active matrix is usually used, but recently, due to the demand for high definition, A liquid crystal display mode using an active matrix using a thin film transistor (TFT) has become the mainstream. In a liquid crystal device having such a TFT, when irradiating light while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, normally, a voltage for turning on the TFT is applied to the gate bus line to perform a data bus. Examples thereof include a method of irradiating light while applying a desired voltage to the line.

However, when such a liquid crystal exposure method is adopted, as shown in FIG. 3, a line defect portion occurs due to a disconnection or short circuit of the bus line, and the liquid crystal is exposed in a state where the liquid crystal cannot be driven. In the case of line defects, different pretilt angles are formed in the defective portion, and there is an obstacle that only this portion has different brightness.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, when the TFT channel is ON, the TFT threshold shift occurs due to ultraviolet exposure, and in this case, an obstacle occurs in which the region in which the TFT can be stably driven shifts.

On the other hand, in relation to the second aspect of the present invention, the active matrix type liquid crystal display is mainly in the TN mode, but has a drawback that the visual characteristics are narrow. Therefore, at present, technologies called MVA mode and IPS mode are adopted for the wide viewing angle liquid crystal panel.

In IPS mode, the comb-shaped electrode switches the liquid crystal molecules in the horizontal plane, but the comb-shaped electrode significantly reduces the aperture ratio, so a strong backlight is required. In MVA mode Orients the liquid crystal molecules perpendicular to the substrate and defines the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules by protrusions or slits provided in the transparent electrode (eg, ITO electrode). Although the reduction in the actual aperture ratio due to protrusions and slits in MVA is not as great as in the comb-shaped electrode in IPS, the light transmittance of the liquid crystal panel is lower than that in TN mode, so it is suitable for notebook computers that require low power consumption. Has not been adopted.

If a fine slit is introduced into the ITO electrode, the liquid crystal molecules will collapse in parallel with the fine slit, but there are two directions. If the fine slits are sufficiently long, the liquid crystal molecules far from the structure such as the bank that defines the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules fall will randomly fall in two directions at the moment when a voltage is applied. At the boundaries of the liquid crystal molecules that have fallen in different directions, the liquid crystal molecules cannot fall in either direction, resulting in a dark area as shown in FIG. 29. Further, as shown in FIG. 29, in the structure in which the liquid crystal molecules are tilted in two directions in order to improve the viewing angle characteristics, if there are liquid crystal molecules that are tilted in the opposite directions, the viewing angle characteristics are deteriorated.

Explaining in relation to the third surface of the present invention, the N-type liquid crystal is vertically oriented, and the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied is divided into several directions by using alignment protrusions and electrode slits. In a liquid crystal display (MVA-LCD), the liquid crystal molecules are almost completely vertically oriented when no voltage is applied, but are inclined in various directions when a voltage is applied. The direction of inclination of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated to be 45 ° with respect to the polarizer absorption axis in all cases, but the liquid crystal molecules, which are continuums, also collapse in the intermediate direction. In addition, there is always a region in which the tilting direction of the liquid crystal molecules deviates from a predetermined direction due to the influence of a lateral electric field or the like during driving or the unevenness of the structure. This means that in normal black with a cross-nicol polarizing element, a darkened area appears at the time of white display, and the brightness of the screen is lowered. Therefore, a liquid crystal composition containing a photopolymerizable component or a thermopolymerizable component is sandwiched between two substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to tilt the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. Use the technique of defining the direction.

With this technique, seizure occurs when the polymerization is inadequate. It is believed that this is because the polymerized polymer lacks rigidity and is deformed by rearrangement of liquid crystal molecules due to voltage application. On the other hand, long-term light irradiation or heating is required for sufficient polymerization, and tact during mass production becomes a problem.

Explaining in relation to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, the TN mode in which the horizontally oriented liquid crystal is twisted between the upper and lower substrates is the mainstream, but the tilt angle of the liquid crystal depends on the observation direction, that is, the viewing angle. Is different, so gradation inversion occurs in the halftone. Therefore, a technique called MVA mode has been proposed in which a vertically oriented liquid crystal is tilted in a symmetrical direction to compensate for a viewing angle. In this technique, the tilt orientation of the liquid crystal is defined by forming an orientation control member made of an insulator on the electrodes. However, since the liquid crystal molecules fall in different directions by 180 ° with the orientation control member as a boundary, dark lines are generated and the transmittance is lowered. In order to secure sufficient transmittance, it is preferable to reduce the occupancy ratio of the orientation control members, that is, to form the orientation control members apart, but this slows down the propagation of the inclination and slows down the response speed.

Therefore, a technique has been proposed in which a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable component is sandwiched between substrates and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules. This makes it possible to increase the transmittance while ensuring the response speed.

However, in a liquid crystal display device that defines the tilting direction of liquid crystal molecules by polymerizing the polymerizable components dispersed in the liquid crystal while applying a voltage, when the liquid crystal display device is injected at a high speed at the initial stage of liquid crystal injection or near the frame. The problem is that the separation of the liquid crystal and the polymerizable component caused by a sudden change in speed causes unevenness in the display of the polymerizable component after polymerization.

To explain in relation to the fifth surface of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device, the orientation of the vertically oriented panel is conventionally provided by a TFT substrate having a slit structure of pixel electrodes and a color filter substrate having a protruding structure of an insulator. It is controlled, so it was necessary to form a dielectric protrusion structure on one of the substrates. Therefore, when manufacturing such a liquid crystal display device, there is a problem that the number of steps increases.

Further, since the protrusion structure is formed in the display pixel, there are disadvantages such as a decrease in the aperture ratio and a decrease in the transmittance. Therefore, it has been proposed to realize multi-domain without using protrusions of the dielectric layer by defining the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules by the polymerizable component added to the liquid crystal. That is, the liquid crystal to which the polymerizable component is added is injected into the panel, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

However, if the polymer composition that defines the orientation orientation does not have a sufficient crosslinked structure, the polymer has flexibility and the resilience is weakened. With a polymer having such characteristics, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal continues to remain in a tilted state, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal does not return to the original state even if the voltage application is released. It ends up. In other words, the voltage-transmittance characteristic changes, and it looks like a problem such as pattern seizure.

To explain in relation to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is vertically oriented, and a liquid crystal when a voltage is applied without rubbing by using a bank or a slit provided on the substrate. The MVA-LCD, which controls the orientation to several orientations, has better viewing angle characteristics than the conventional TN type, but has the disadvantages of low white brightness and dark display. The main reason for this is that the banks and slits form the dividing boundaries of the liquid crystal orientation, and this portion looks optically dark, so that the transmittance of the white display is low. To improve this, the gap between the banks and slits should be widened sufficiently, but in this case, the number of banks and slits that control the liquid crystal orientation is reduced, so that it takes time for the orientation to stabilize. And the response speed becomes slow.

In order to improve this and obtain a bright and high-speed response MVA panel, a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable component is sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to obtain a liquid crystal molecule. The technique of defining the inclination direction is effective. As the polymerizable component, a monomer material that is polymerized by ultraviolet rays or heat is generally used. However, it has become clear that this method has some problems related to display unevenness.

That is, this method is rubbing-less, and slight changes in the structure and changes in the lines of electric force cause the liquid crystal molecules to not be oriented in a desired direction. Therefore, contact holes and the like outside the display region may disturb the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, and the disturbance may affect the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the display region to generate an abnormal domain, and the orientation as it is may be maintained. .. Further, when the structure that disturbs the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged in the same division region at the time of orientation division, the abnormal domains generated from each are connected, and the abnormal domain is maintained in a larger region. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules inside and outside the display region are oriented in directions other than the desired orientation, and the polymerizable component is polymerized as it is, causing problems such as a decrease in brightness, a deterioration in response speed, and uneven display. .. FIG. 44 is a pixel plan view in the prior art. In such a pixel, the contact hole that causes the cell thickness fluctuation is not present at the liquid crystal domain boundary, and two contact holes are present in the same orientation division. As a result, an abnormal domain is generated in the form of connecting the contact holes, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while maintaining the same orientation, resulting in a decrease in display characteristics such as a decrease in brightness, a deterioration in response speed, and an occurrence of display unevenness. Was causing.

Further, when a metal electrode such as a source electrode or a Cs intermediate electrode is stretched in the display pixel, a decrease in brightness due to a decrease in aperture ratio becomes a problem. Furthermore, an electrode having the same potential as the pixel electrode is displayed in the display pixel. When it is stretched to, an abnormal domain due to an undesired electric line of force is generated, and in the same manner as described above, a decrease in brightness, a deterioration in response speed, and uneven display occur.

Explaining in relation to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable component, which was carried out by the present inventors, is sandwiched between the substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage. During the study of the technique for defining the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules, when the same pattern is displayed for a certain period of time, there is a case that the portion is burnt. It is considered that this is because the polymerization is insufficient and the polymer is deformed. On the other hand, long-term light irradiation or heating is required for sufficient polymerization, and tact during mass production becomes a problem.

<p><patcit num="1"><text>Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-120728</text></patcit></p>

<p> The present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, and adjusts the orientation of liquid crystal molecules when exposing a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to produce a liquid crystal display device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device obtained by the method, which can be made substantially constant and can be driven stably.</p>

<p> In the first aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method based on a concept that can be roughly classified into the following three methods is proposed.</p><p> 1. By applying alternating current, the liquid crystal is driven by using the electric capacity to avoid the influence of wiring defects.</p><p> 2. Align the potentials of the wiring and electrodes on the second board to avoid the effects of wiring defects.</p><p> 3. Avoid the influence of wiring defects while blocking the TFT channel part.</p><p> That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, based on the first concept, (1) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Manufacture of a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying an AC voltage to the common electrode and the Cs bus line to apply an AC voltage between the common electrode and a pixel electrode to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. Provide a method.</p><p> Further, the present invention is based on the above second concept. (2) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. , Insulate or connect with high resistance between the common electrode and the three bus lines. By applying a DC voltage between the common electrode and the three bus lines (gate bus line, data bus line and Cs bus line) on the second substrate, a DC voltage is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, or a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying light to the liquid crystal layer and irradiating the liquid crystal layer with light. (3) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a repair line that intersects the line with at least one of the data bus line or the gate bus line. The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Between the common electrode and the pixel electrode by applying a DC voltage between the common electrode and the four bus lines (gate bus line, data bus line, Cs bus line and repair line) on the second substrate. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, or a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying a DC voltage to the liquid crystal layer to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. (4) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed on the entire surface of the substrate. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. The common electrode and the four bus lines (gate bus line, data bus line and Cs bus line) on the second substrate are connected with high resistance, and between at least one bus line and the common electrode. Provided is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying a DC voltage between a common electrode and a pixel electrode by applying a DC voltage to the liquid crystal layer to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light.</p><p> Further, the present invention is based on the third concept described above. (5) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed on the entire surface of the substrate. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, Form a CF resin or a pattern that blocks light in the channel part of the thin film transistor, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Electrically connect each of the adjacent data bus lines at both ends, and By applying the ON voltage of the transistor to the gate bus line and applying the AC voltage between the common electrode and the data bus line, the AC voltage is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode to the liquid crystal layer. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which is characterized by irradiating light, or (6) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed on the entire surface of the substrate. The gate bus line and the data bus line arranged in a matrix on the second substrate, the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, the pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, and the pixel electricity. A Cs bus line that forms an electrical capacity between the poles and a repair line that intersects the data bus line are formed. Form a CF resin or a pattern that blocks light in the channel part of the thin film transistor, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. At least one data bus line and at least one repair line are connected by a method such as laser irradiation, and then By applying the ON voltage of the transistor to the gate bus line and applying the AC voltage between the common electrode and the data bus line and the repair line (the same potential as the data bus line), between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. Provided is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying an AC voltage to the liquid crystal layer to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, (7) A liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy and containing a polymerizable monomer is filled between two substrates provided with a transparent electrode and an orientation control film for vertically orienting liquid crystal molecules. To form a liquid crystal layer, In a method for manufacturing a vertically oriented liquid crystal display device in which monomers are polymerized while applying a voltage between opposing transparent electrodes to give liquid crystal molecules a pretilt angle. Before polymerizing the monomers, a constant voltage above the threshold voltage and below the saturation voltage is applied between the opposing transparent electrodes for a certain period of time, and then the voltage is changed to a predetermined voltage to maintain the voltage while maintaining the liquid crystal composition. Provided is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises irradiating an object with ultraviolet rays or applying heat to polymerize a monomer.</p><p> That is, when polymerizing a polymerizable monomer, a voltage slightly higher than the threshold voltage is applied to wait for the liquid crystal molecules to collapse in the forward direction, and then the voltage is increased to polymerize the polymerizable monomer while maintaining the voltage. Let me do it.</p><p> In the third aspect of the present invention, (8) A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable monomer is filled between two substrates provided with transparent electrodes to form a liquid crystal layer. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, in which a monomer is polymerized while applying a voltage to opposite transparent electrodes to give a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules and the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules is defined when a voltage is applied. Provided is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises performing light irradiation for polymerization of the polymerizable monomer in at least two times.</p><p> In the fourth aspect of the present invention, (9) A liquid crystal composition containing a photopolymerizable component or a thermopolymerizable component is sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is photopolymerized or thermally polymerized while applying a voltage to obtain a liquid crystal molecule at the time of applying a voltage. In a liquid crystal display device in which the inclination direction is defined, a plurality of injection ports for injecting the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable component are provided, and the distance between the injection ports is 1 / of the size of the side where the injection port exists. A liquid crystal display device characterized by being 5 or less, or (10) A liquid crystal composition containing a photopolymerizable component or a thermopolymerizable component is sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the cell gap of the BM portion of the frame is equal to or less than the cell gap of the display area. (11) A liquid crystal composition containing a photopolymerizable component or a thermopolymerizable component is sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. In the liquid crystal display device, put the main seal or auxiliary seal on the BM part of the frame. A liquid crystal display device, or a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the cell gap of the frame BM portion is eliminated by forming. (12) A liquid crystal composition containing a photopolymerizable component or a thermopolymerizable component is sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. Provided is a liquid crystal display device characterized in that a material having a concentration distribution between the polymerizable component and the liquid crystal is guided to a BM portion by forming an auxiliary seal in the liquid crystal display device.</p><p> In the fifth aspect of the present invention, (13) A common electrode and a color filter layer are formed on the first substrate, and the common electrode and the color filter layer are formed. The second substrate is composed of an array substrate on which a gate bus line layer, a gate insulating film layer, a drain bus line layer, a protective film layer, and a pixel electrode layer are formed. A fine slit is formed in the pixel electrode layer in a direction in which the slit divides the inside of the pixel into at least two regions. A vertical alignment film for vertically aligning liquid crystal molecules is formed on the two substrates. A liquid crystal layer is formed by filling the gap between the two substrates with an n-type liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy containing an ultraviolet curable resin having a liquid crystal skeleton. By irradiating the liquid crystal molecules with ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold value of the liquid crystal molecules, the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is applied is defined. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is characterized in that two polarizing plates are arranged on cross-nicols on the upper and lower surfaces of the device so that the absorption axis forms an angle of 45 degrees with the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. Provided.</p><p> In the sixth aspect of the present invention, (14) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, the design is 10%. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the portion where the cell thickness fluctuates is arranged at the domain boundary portion of the liquid crystal, or (15) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, the domain boundary portion of the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a contact hole for connecting a source electrode and a pixel electrode is provided in the liquid crystal display device, or (16) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, the domain boundary portion of the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a contact hole for connecting a Cs intermediate electrode and a pixel electrode is provided in the liquid crystal display device, or (17) A liquid crystal display in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the inclination direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes by heat or light, and the liquid crystal display is oriented and divided into two or more divisions. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that there are no multiple parts in the device whose cell thickness fluctuates by 10% or more by design. (18) A liquid crystal display in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the inclination direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes by heat or light, and the liquid crystal display is oriented and divided into two or more divisions. A liquid crystal display device, which is characterized in that the device does not have a plurality of contact holes in the same divided area, or (19) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, one contact hole is used. A liquid crystal display device, or a liquid crystal display device, characterized by connecting a pixel electrode, a source electrode, and a Cs intermediate electrode. (20) A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes by heat or light. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that metal electrodes are wired along a liquid crystal domain boundary in a display pixel, or (21) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, the same potential as the pixel electrodes. A liquid crystal display device is provided, characterized in that the electrodes of the above are not wired in the slit portion of the pixel electrode in the display pixel. In the seventh aspect of the present invention, (22) A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable monomer is filled between a pair of substrates having electrodes to form a liquid crystal layer, and a predetermined liquid crystal driving voltage is applied between the opposing electrodes to apply a predetermined liquid crystal driving voltage to the liquid crystal composition. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including irradiating ultraviolet rays to polymerize a monomer, after the polymerization treatment of the monomer, the liquid crystal driving voltage is not applied or a voltage that does not substantially drive the liquid crystal is applied. Provided is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises irradiating the liquid crystal composition with additional ultraviolet rays.</p>

<figref num="1">The schematic plan view of an example of the liquid crystal display device obtained by the conventional method.</figref><figref num="2">Schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of FIG.</figref><figref num="3">The schematic plan view of an example of the liquid crystal display device obtained by the conventional method.</figref><figref num="4">The graph which shows an example of the TFT threshold value shift in the liquid crystal display device obtained by the conventional method.</figref><figref num="5">The schematic plan view which shows an example of the electric coupling of the conventional TFT liquid crystal panel.</figref><figref num="6">Schematic plan view showing another example of electrical coupling of a conventional TFT liquid crystal panel.</figref><figref num="7">The schematic plan view explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device of this invention.</figref><figref num="8">The schematic plan view explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device of this invention.</figref><figref num="9">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1.</figref><figref num="10">The graph of the display characteristic of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1.</figref><figref num="11">The graph of the display characteristic of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1.</figref><figref num="12">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 2.</figref><figref num="13">The explanatory view of the short-circuit method of the common electrode used in Example 3 and a Cs bus line.</figref><figref num="14">Explanatory drawing of another example of the short-circuit method between a common electrode and a Cs bus line used in Example 3.</figref><figref num="15">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 4.</figref><figref num="16">The graph which shows the result of Example 6.</figref><figref num="17">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 7.</figref><figref num="18">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 8.</figref><figref num="19">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 9.</figref><figref num="20">The schematic plan view of another example of the liquid crystal display device of Example 9.</figref><figref num="21">The schematic plan view of another example of the liquid crystal display device of Example 9.</figref><figref num="22">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 10.</figref><figref num="23">FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of the eleventh embodiment.</figref><figref num="24">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 12.</figref><figref num="25">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel created in Example 13.</figref><figref num="26">FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the liquid crystal panel of FIG. 25.</figref><figref num="27">FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the liquid crystal panel of FIG.</figref><figref num="28">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel created in Example 14.</figref><figref num="29">Schematic plan view for explaining a conventional example.</figref><figref num="30">Schematic plan view for explaining a conventional example.</figref><figref num="31">Schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal panel of FIG. 30.</figref><figref num="32">The schematic diagram for demonstrating the conventional example.</figref><figref num="33">The schematic diagram which shows the UV irradiation method adopted in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 15 to 17.</figref><figref num="34">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 18.</figref><figref num="35">Schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 19.</figref><figref num="36">Schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 20.</figref><figref num="37">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 21.</figref><figref num="38">The schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 22.</figref><figref num="39">The schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 22.</figref><figref num="40">The schematic diagram explaining the state of the orientation regulation of the liquid crystal molecule in Example 22.</figref><figref num="41">The process flow diagram in Example 22.</figref><figref num="42">The schematic diagram of the apparatus used in Example 23.</figref><figref num="43">Schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal panel of Example 24.</figref><figref num="44">Pixel plan view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.</figref><figref num="45">The pixel plan view and the sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 25.</figref><figref num="46">The pixel plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 26.</figref><figref num="47">The pixel plan view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 27.</figref><figref num="48">The pixel plan view and the sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 28.</figref><figref num="49">Schematic plan view and side view showing the method of additional ultraviolet irradiation used in Example 29.</figref><figref num="50">The graph which shows the relationship between the irradiation amount of the additional ultraviolet irradiation obtained in Example 29, and the seizure rate.</figref>

In the first aspect of the present invention, the following method is exemplified as a specific form of the method.

1) The method (1) above, wherein the common electrode and the Cs bus line are insulated or connected with high resistance at the time of irradiating the liquid crystal layer with light.

2) The method of (1) above, wherein the common electrode and the Cs bus line are electrically connected after irradiating the liquid crystal layer with light.

3) The method (1) above, in which the OFF voltage of the transistor is applied to the gate bus line.

4) Initially, the liquid crystal layer is vertically aligned, and by irradiating the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material with light while applying a voltage, the average angle of the liquid crystal with respect to the alignment film is less than 90 °. The method of (1) above.

5) The method of (1) above, which sets the AC frequency when an AC voltage is applied to 1 to 1000 Hz.

6) The method (2) above, in which each of the adjacent gate bus lines or data bus lines is electrically connected at both ends.

7) The method (2) above, in which the liquid crystal layer is irradiated with light and then electrically connected between the common electrode and the Cs bus line.

8) Initially, the liquid crystal layer is vertically aligned, and by irradiating the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material with light while applying a voltage, the average angle of the liquid crystal with respect to the alignment film is less than 90 °. The method of (2) above.

Generally, a TFT liquid crystal panel has an electrical coupling as shown in FIG. At this time, the two electrodes, the common electrode and the pixel electrode, sandwich a material such as a liquid crystal or an alignment film in the gap between them to form an electric capacity Clc. The Cs bus line in the figure forms an electric capacity Cs with the pixel electrode, and controls the amount of charge written to the pixel electrode and the amount of voltage fluctuation.

Normally, the electric charge is written to the pixel electrode via a thin film transistor (TFT), and the gate bus line that acts as a write switch and the data bus line that writes the voltage to the pixel electrode sandwich the pixel electrode. It is formed in a matrix.

As a fatal pattern defect (wiring defect) that occurs in a TFT liquid crystal panel, a. Gate bus line disconnection b. Data bus line disconnection c. Cs bus line disconnection d. Same-layer short circuit between gate bus line and Cs bus line e. Short circuit between the gate bus line and the data bus line f. Short circuit between Cs bus line and data bus line These cause a decrease in yield. Redundant design is performed for these defects, but the repair work is frequently performed not only immediately after pattern formation but also in the cell state after filling the liquid crystal. At this time, since the above-mentioned a, c, and d are defects in the first layer formed on the substrate, reworking is easy, and they are not usually subject to reworking after cell formation. In particular, for c, since the Cs bus line is a common electrode, as shown in Fig. 6, pattern redundancy is easy by bundling on both sides of the LCD panel, and the electrical conductivity of the film is high. It is possible to avoid it if it exceeds a certain level. However, b, e, and f are often subject to rework after cell formation, and when the liquid crystal is irradiated with light, it cannot be normally driven by writing from the data bus line.

Therefore, in the present invention, in the method based on the first concept, when applying a voltage to the liquid crystal, the voltage is applied between the two common electrodes instead of writing the voltage from the data bus line. Is written by. This makes it possible to ignore to some extent the problems that occur in the case of writing from the data bus line as described above.

The reason is that since the pixel electrodes are treated as a floating layer, they are not affected by defects such as b and e. This is because by applying an AC voltage between the common electrode and the Cs bus line, a circuit is formed that applies an AC voltage across the series coupling where the potentials of the pixels are approximately Clc and Cs, and the impedance of each is Zlc, Assuming Zc, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal part is Voltage applied to the liquid crystal part = Zlc / (Zlc + Zc) x AC voltage Because it is given by.

At this time, if the voltage of the gate bus line is floating, the TFT is almost in the OFF state, and the avoidance of the threshold shift, which is another object of the present invention, is automatically performed. At this time, it is actually possible to positively apply an OFF voltage to the gate bus line. In this case, the electric capacity Cgc formed by the gate bus line and the common electrode, or the gate bus line and the pixel electrode. The capacitance Cgs formed by the above affects the value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal portion.

In the method based on the second concept of the present invention, a DC voltage is applied to align the potentials of the wirings and electrodes on the second substrate specified in the present invention, thereby avoiding the above defects b, e, and f. I am proposing to do it.

As for the defects of e and f, if the voltages of the data bus line, the Cs bus line, and the gate bus line are all the same, in principle, it is possible to realize a state in which those short circuits are completely invisible. Of course, this is intended to be achieved only during photosensitization. For example, if a DC voltage of 0 V is applied to the common electrode, 5 V to the data bus line, the Cs bus line, and the gate bus line, 5 V is applied to the pixel electrode as a result. This is because the data bus line and the pixel electrode are connected by the TFT, but after a sufficient time has passed, the electric charge gradually flows into the pixel electrode, resulting in 5V. That is, the state of the common electrode (0V) -pixel electrode (5V) is realized, and a voltage can be applied to the liquid crystal. Normally, the liquid crystal used in TFT has high resistance, so the movement of ions in the liquid crystal layer should be almost ignored. Is possible.

According to this idea, a means for avoiding the defect of b can be obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, in the case of a TFT panel, an ESD circuit (static electricity countermeasure circuit) is often formed in order to avoid an obstacle due to static electricity. It can be said that each bus line is connected with a high resistance. As in the case of Fig. 6, even if the data bus line is broken, if there is some voltage input path on the opposite side, even if the connection state is high resistance, if enough time has passed, The desired voltage application can be realized.

The method based on the third concept of the present invention aims to illuminate the liquid crystal while avoiding wiring defects while directly preventing the irradiation of the channel portion of the TFT with ultraviolet light. In this case, normal driving is possible when applying a voltage to the liquid crystal. However, here, in order to avoid the influence of line defects, it is proposed to apply a voltage to the bus line from both sides. This makes it possible to avoid the influence of the defect of b.

Recently, advances in inspection technology have made it possible to detect defect coordinates with high accuracy before cell formation. As long as the defect coordinates can be confirmed, it is possible to convert the e and f type defects into the b type defects by the processing shown in FIG. 7. Further, if this repair process can be performed before irradiating the liquid crystal with light, it is possible to avoid the influence of line defects by using it in combination with the method proposed here.

The method of the present invention can also be applied in the following cases.

One is when it is applied to a TFT design called Cs on gate, as shown in Fig. 8. In this case, although the Cs bus line does not exist, the method of the present invention based on the above-mentioned second and third concepts can be similarly applied. Further, also in the method of the present invention based on the first concept, if the capacitance formed by the pixel electrode as the gate bus line is Cgs1 and Cgs2, respectively, the impedance is Zgs (= 1 / jω (Cgs1 + Cgs2)). The voltage applied to the liquid crystal part is Voltage applied to the liquid crystal part = Zlc / (Zlc + Zgs) × AC voltage This is because it is expected that it will be almost determined by.

The second is the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device in which a uniform DC voltage is applied to the liquid crystal during the manufacturing process. For example, when determining the initial orientation state of a ferroelectric liquid crystal, it may be required to apply a DC voltage uniformly over the entire surface, but as in the case of the method of the present invention, the line defect portion is regarded as a problem. It is expected to be done.

The third is when combining IPS mode with photosensitive materials. In the case of IPS, the direction in which an electric field is formed during photosensitization is assumed not only between the upper and lower substrates but also between the comb-shaped electrodes. In such a case, the method of the present invention defines that the common electrode is on the first substrate, but it is also possible to apply a voltage assuming that the common electrode and the pixel electrode on the second substrate are applied. Can be done.

In the liquid crystal display device manufactured by the method of the present invention, the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate is generally determined by a structure supporting them, or as shown in FIG. 2, such as plastic beads. The liquid crystal material held in a predetermined size by the gap support member and held between them is sealed in the gap between the two substrates by fixing the periphery thereof with an adhesive layer. ing.

Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, the following method is exemplified as a specific form of the method.

1) After applying a constant voltage above the threshold voltage and below the threshold + 1V for 10 seconds or more between the opposing transparent electrodes, apply a voltage higher than the voltage applied at the time of white display to change the voltage, and change the voltage. The method according to (7) above, wherein the liquid crystal composition is irradiated with ultraviolet rays or heated to polymerize the monomers while maintaining the above method.

2) The method of (7) above, wherein the transparent electrode on at least one substrate has a fine slit structure of 0.5 to 5 microns.

3) The method (7) above, in which the fine slit structure consists of fine ITO slits formed in the vertical direction.

4) The method (7) above, in which the fine ITO slit is approximately half the length of the pixel electrode in the vertical direction.

5) The method (7) above, in which the fine slit structure consists of fine ITO slits formed in the lateral direction.

6) The method (7) above, in which the fine ITO slit has a length approximately equal to the lateral length of the pixel electrode.

7) The method of (7) above, wherein at least one of the substrates has protrusions having a height of 0.1 to 5 microns protruding into the gap between the substrates.

In the current MVA, the light transmittance is low because the banks and ITO slits are complicatedly arranged so that the liquid crystal molecules fall in four directions when a voltage is applied in order to widen the viewing angle. To simplify this, we considered the structure shown in FIGS. 30 and 31 in which the liquid crystal molecules collapse in two directions when a voltage is applied. In MVA, the electric field created by the bank or ITO slit defines the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules fall in order from the liquid crystal molecules closest to the bank or slit. As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, if the gap between the bank and the ITO slit is very wide, it takes time to propagate the inclination of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the response of the panel when a voltage is applied is very slow.

Therefore, we introduced a technique of injecting a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable monomer, polymerizing the monomer while applying a voltage, and memorizing the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules collapse.

Furthermore, the electric field generated at the edge of the pixel electrode near the data bus line causes the liquid crystal molecules to tilt in a direction 90 ° different from the intended direction, so that a large dark part is generated in the pixel as shown in the pixel microscope observation diagram shown in FIG. It ends up. Therefore, we decided to provide a fine slit in the ITO pixel electrode on the substrate side where the TFT is located and define the orientation by an electric field. When the ITO pixel electrode is provided with the fine slits, the liquid crystal molecules collapse in parallel with the fine slits. Further, since the directions of all the liquid crystal molecules are determined by the electric field, the influence of the electric field generated at the pixel edge can be minimized.

When a suddenly high voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules collapse greatly due to electrostatic energy. Liquid crystal molecules that have fallen in the direction opposite to the original fall direction are energetically unstable, so they try to tilt in the forward direction. In the process of re-tilting, it opposes electrostatic energy, so a large amount of elastic energy is required to return it in the forward direction. Therefore, if the electrostatic energy cannot be overcome, the liquid crystal molecules will be metastable while falling in the opposite direction. However, if a voltage slightly higher than the threshold value is applied, even if the liquid crystal molecules fall in the opposite direction, they will hit the electrostatic energy with a small elastic energy. You can win and go back in the forward direction. Once the liquid crystal molecules fall in the forward direction, they will not fall in the opposite direction even if the voltage is increased. If the monomer is polymerized in a state of being tilted in the forward direction, the orientation state in the forward direction is memorized, and the liquid crystal molecules will not be tilted in the reverse direction the next time a voltage is applied.

Therefore, good orientation can be obtained by adjusting the orientation at a voltage slightly higher than the threshold voltage, raising the voltage to a predetermined voltage, and polymerizing the polymerizable monomer in that state.

If the width of the fine ITO slit is too narrow, it may be cut, and if it is too thick, the liquid crystal molecules will not fall in the direction parallel to the slit. Further, if the fine slit is too narrow, the fine ITO may be short-circuited, and if it is too wide, the liquid crystal molecules will not fall in the direction parallel to the slit. Therefore, it is preferable to set the width of the fine slit and the fine electrode to 0.5 to 5 microns.

In the third aspect of the present invention, the following method is exemplified as a specific form of the method.

1) The method of (8) above, wherein at least one of the plurality of light irradiations is performed in a state where a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.

2) The method of (8) above, wherein the plurality of times of light irradiation is performed without applying a voltage either before or after the light irradiation performed by applying the voltage, or both before and after the light irradiation.

3) The method of (8) above, wherein the plurality of times of light irradiation is performed with a plurality of different light intensities.

4) Light irradiation performed by applying the above voltage is 50 mW / cm.² The method (8) above, which is performed with the above light intensity.

5) Light irradiation performed without applying the voltage is 50 mW / cm.² The method of (8) above, which is performed with the following light intensity.

6) The method of (8) above, wherein the liquid crystal is an N-type liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal molecules are oriented substantially vertically without applying a voltage.

7) The method (8) above, wherein the liquid crystal display device is an active matrix type LCD in which a TFT array, which is a switching element, is formed on one of two substrates.

8) The method of (8) above, wherein the polymerizable monomer is a liquid crystal or non-liquid crystal monomer and is polymerized by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.

9) The method of (8) above, wherein the polymerizable monomer is a bifunctional acrylate or a mixture of a bifunctional acrylate and a monofunctional acrylate.

In order to suppress the seizure of the polymer, it is preferable that no monomer remains and all the monomers are polymerized. It has been experimentally found that it is better to carry out polymerization for a long time with low UV intensity because some monomers remain that do not react in time with insufficient UV irradiation or polymerization with high UV intensity for a short time. However, if the irradiation amount is increased so that the unreacted monomer does not remain, there arises a problem that the contrast is lowered, which is a problem that occurs because the voltage is continuously applied during the UV irradiation. Therefore, in the present invention, UV irradiation at the time of polymerization is performed by dividing it into a plurality of times. Each irradiation process is under voltage and no voltage is applied By dividing the liquid crystal molecules into different states, the pretilt of the liquid crystal molecules is not excessively lowered, and the residual monomers can be eliminated. Furthermore, the UV irradiation intensity should be different each time. For example, after the pre-stage irradiation with low UV intensity, high-intensity UV irradiation is performed with a voltage applied, and then post-irradiation with low-intensity UV is performed. Irradiation without voltage application can process multiple sheets at once, so the increase in irradiation time here does not matter, and therefore the irradiation time when voltage is applied, which is the rate-determining step, is shortened by using high-intensity UV. can do.

In the method of the present invention, the pre-tilt is lowered by UV irradiation when a voltage is applied, and the pre-tilt is not changed by UV irradiation when no voltage is applied. Therefore, if the UV irradiation is divided into a plurality of times, the UV irradiation time is shortened by applying a voltage, and the UV irradiation time is lengthened when no voltage is applied, the pretilt angle does not become too large, and moreover. The monomer reacts sufficiently to obtain a state in which it does not remain. Alternatively, the residual monomer can be further reduced by performing pre-irradiation as a pre-stage of UV irradiation by applying a voltage and slightly promoting the reaction of the monomers in advance.

Here, the effect of performing UV irradiation at intervals will be described. In the case of TFT-LCD, regardless of whether the UV is applied from the TFT side or the CF side, an unirradiated part is generated due to the presence of the light-shielding part. Then, the unreacted monomer in this portion exudes to the display portion over time, causing seizure. However, by providing a certain time interval between irradiations as described above, the unreacted monomer seeps out to the display part and is irradiated with UV each time, so that the monomer in the light-shielding part is also finally used. It is thought that most of them react, resulting in an LCD with less seizure.

That is, according to the present invention, a polymer-stabilized MVA-LCD having high contrast and no seizure can be obtained, and the time required for the polymerization step can be shortened as compared with the conventional case.

In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the following devices are exemplified as specific forms of the devices.

1) The device according to (9) above, wherein the distance between the injection port and the display end is 2/5 or less of the dimension of the side where the injection port exists.

2) The apparatus according to (10) above, wherein the distance between the area having the cell gap equal to or smaller than the cell gap in the display area and the seal for forming the cell is 0.5 mm or less.

3) The apparatus according to any one of (9) to (12) above, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a non-liquid crystal component, or uses a liquid crystal composition containing a component whose molecular weight and surface energy are different from those of the liquid crystal component.

In the apparatus (9) of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition is sufficient at the initial stage of injection of the liquid crystal composition in order to reduce the unevenness of the display after the polymerization of the polymerizable component due to the separation of the liquid crystal and the polymerizable component. It is necessary to prevent the formation of an abnormal concentration portion of the polymerizable component and the liquid crystal from the liquid crystal and to prevent a local speed increase during the injection process, and to optimize the number and position of the injection ports. This is possible with.

Further, in the apparatus (10) and (11) of the present invention, in order to reduce the unevenness of the display after the polymerization of the polymerizable component due to the separation of the liquid crystal and the polymerizable component, the polymerizable component is polymerizable at the initial stage of liquid crystal injection. It is necessary to suppress the aggregation of the abnormal portion due to the occurrence of an abnormal concentration portion of the component and the liquid crystal and wrapping around from the frame to the display portion, and the separation of the liquid crystal and the polymerizable component due to the increase in speed at the frame. Therefore, it is possible to reduce display unevenness by keeping the cell thickness of the frame below the display area, keeping the distance between the frame edge and the sticker below a certain level, and filling the frame portion with an auxiliary sticker.

Further, in the apparatus (12) of the present invention, display unevenness occurs by inducing a portion where the concentration of the polymerizable component and the liquid crystal is abnormal to the outside of the display region before the polymerization of the polymerizable component. It is possible not to let it.

In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device in which the tilting direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied is defined by photopolymerizing or heat-polymerizing the polymerizable component dispersed in the liquid crystal while applying a voltage. Since display unevenness does not occur in the vicinity of the side where the injection port of the composition exists, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device having high display quality. In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the following method is exemplified as a specific form of the method.

1) The method (13) above, wherein the liquid crystal composition injected between two substrates is irradiated with ultraviolet rays by dividing it into two or more stages by ultraviolet rays having different light intensities.

2) The process of irradiating the liquid crystal composition injected between two substrates with ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold of the liquid crystal molecules to the liquid crystal molecules, and ultraviolet rays without applying a voltage to the liquid crystal molecules. The method (13) above, which is performed by dividing into two stages of the irradiation step.

3) The method (13) above, wherein the liquid crystal composition injected between the two substrates is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in two stages while applying different voltages to the liquid crystal molecules.

4) In order to polymerize the ultraviolet-polymerizable components in the liquid crystal composition injected between the two substrates, a plurality of ultraviolet irradiation units having different light intensities are used, and ultraviolet irradiation is performed in two or more stages. Method (13).

5) The method (13) above, wherein the liquid crystal molecules injected between the two substrates are irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the array substrate side.

6) The second substrate is composed of an array substrate on which a color filter layer is formed, a common electrode is formed on the first substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules injected between the two substrates are irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The method (13) above, which is performed from the first substrate side.

According to the present invention, the polymer material for regulating the tilt angle and the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal molecules can have a structure that appropriately regulates the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the liquid crystal molecules.

For example, when light is sufficiently irradiated while a voltage is applied, a hard crosslinked structure is formed, but the processing time is too long, and the cost is high in terms of increasing the number of devices and reducing the processing capacity at the time of mass production. ..

As described above, according to the present invention, there is no seizure, a wide viewing angle due to highly reliable 4 domains, high contrast due to vertical orientation, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated by the polymer. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device capable of high-speed response.

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the following devices are exemplified as specific forms of the devices.

1) Any of the above (14) to (21), wherein the liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the substrate on which the color filter layer consisting of red, blue, and green is formed on the TFT substrate and the substrate on which the common electrode is formed. That device.

In the devices (14) to (16) of the present invention, in order to prevent the generation of the abnormal domain of the liquid crystal and to orient the liquid crystal in a desired direction, the cell thickness variation which is the starting point of the abnormal domain is oriented as desired. It is essential to place it at the domain boundary of the case. As a result, it is possible to improve the decrease in brightness, the deterioration of the response speed, and the occurrence of display unevenness due to the abnormal domain.

Further, in the devices (17) and (18) of the present invention, it is necessary to minimize the region even when the liquid crystal domain is generated. For that purpose, it is necessary to prevent the divided regions having the same orientation from having a structure that is the starting point of a plurality of abnormal domains. As a result, it is possible to improve the decrease in brightness, the deterioration of the response speed, and the occurrence of display unevenness due to the abnormal domain.

Further, in the device of the above (19) of the present invention, by making one contact hole that is the starting point of the abnormal domain, it is possible to reduce the abnormal domain and improve the aperture ratio.

Further, in the apparatus (20) of the present invention, in order to prevent the aperture ratio from being lowered by the metal electrode in the display pixel, the metal electrode is wired along the region that becomes a dark line even when a voltage is applied in the display pixel. Is valid.

Further, in the apparatus (21) of the present invention, it is essential not to wire an electrode having the same potential as the pixel electrode in the pixel electrode slit portion in order to prevent the generation of an abnormal domain of the liquid crystal and to orient the liquid crystal in a desired direction. It becomes. As a result, it is possible to prevent the generation of abnormal domains due to the electric field from the electrodes having the same potential as the pixel electrodes, and to improve the decrease in brightness, the deterioration of the response speed, and the occurrence of display unevenness.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a liquid crystal display device in which a photopolymerizable component dispersed in a liquid crystal is photopolymerized while applying a voltage to define an inclination direction of liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal domains in the above and to orient them in a desired orientation, and it is possible to improve the decrease in brightness, the deterioration of response speed, and the occurrence of display unevenness, and a liquid crystal display device having high display quality can be obtained.

In the seventh aspect of the present invention, the following method is exemplified as a specific form of the method. 1) The method (22) above, wherein in the additional ultraviolet irradiation, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength different from the ultraviolet rays used for the polymerization treatment of the monomer before the additional ultraviolet irradiation are used. 2) The method according to (22) above, wherein the ultraviolet light emitted by the additional ultraviolet irradiation has a maximum energy peak at 310 to 380 nm in the spectrum. 3) The method according to (22) above, wherein the ultraviolet light emitted by the additional ultraviolet irradiation has a maximum energy peak at 350 to 380 nm in the spectrum. 4) The method of (22) above, wherein the UV light emitted by the additional UV irradiation has a maximum energy peak at 310-340 nm in its spectrum. 5) The method of (22) above, in which the irradiation time is 10 minutes or more in the additional ultraviolet irradiation. 6) The method of (22) above, in which the substrate surface is vertically oriented and the liquid crystal in the non-display portion is also substantially vertically oriented.

In the method of the present invention, after the polymerization step for orientation regulation is performed, additional irradiation with ultraviolet rays is performed as a post-step for reacting the remaining monomers. At the time of additional irradiation, only ultraviolet light is irradiated to the liquid crystal composition without driving the liquid crystal panel. This irradiation should be carried out for a long time by using an irradiation that efficiently emits only ultraviolet light having a wavelength necessary for polymerization (does not have a visible light region or the like) and is not so strong. The irradiation time depends on the intensity of ultraviolet rays, but is generally preferably 10 minutes to 24 hours. In this method, since the irradiation light has almost no light region having a longer wavelength than the ultraviolet light, there is no temperature rise due to the irradiation, and the light having an effective wavelength is strengthened to some extent. It becomes possible to hit. As a result, the residual monomer can be polymerized without increasing the temperature, and a panel with extremely little seizure can be obtained. In addition, with this additional ultraviolet irradiation, there is no need to drive the panel, and a simple device is sufficient, so that it is possible to install a large number of devices for irradiation, and even if long-term irradiation is required, a large number of panels can be installed. Since they can be processed at the same time, the entire panel manufacturing process is not delayed and the productivity is not reduced.

<p> Hereinafter, examples of the first aspect of the present invention will be further described.</p><p> Example 1 As shown in FIG. 9, the gate bus line and the data bus line are arranged in a matrix on the first substrate side, and each line is bundled on one side thereof. A TFT is arranged at the cross portion between the bus lines, and a pixel electrode is formed through the TFT. On the second substrate on the opposite side, a common electrode forming an electric capacity with each of the above-mentioned pixel electrodes is formed, and a pad for applying a voltage to the common electrode is taken out in the lower left.</p><p> Further, the pixel electrodes form a layer called a Cs bus line and an auxiliary capacitance Cs in the first substrate, respectively. The Cs bus line can be said to be another common electrode. The Cs bus line is taken out as a putt (Cs) in the upper right.</p><p> The cross section of the liquid crystal panel configured in this way is as shown in FIG. 2, where the first substrate corresponds to the lower substrate and the second substrate corresponds to the substrate on which the color filter is formed. ..</p><p> An alignment film for determining the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal (the state before irradiating the liquid crystal with light) is formed on the surface of each substrate, and here, a polyimide alignment film showing vertical orientation is used. ..</p><p> As the liquid crystal, a negative liquid crystal material having a dielectric anisotropy Δε of -3 to -5 was used, and a liquid crystal acrylate-based material exhibiting photosensitivity was blended in a small amount (0.1 to 1.0%).</p><p> When 0V is applied to the AC voltage (square wave) pad (Cs) of ± 20V to the common electrode pad (C) for the liquid crystal panel having such a configuration, the applied voltage to the liquid crystal part becomes as described above. Zlc / (Zlc + Zc) × AC voltage Given, here, assuming that the liquid crystal capacitance Clc = 250fF and the auxiliary capacitance Cs = 250fF, it can be calculated that a voltage of approximately ± 10V was applied to the liquid crystal portion. When the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with UV in this state, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted in the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are tilted, and the liquid crystal acrylate material is polymerized.</p><p> When the voltage application is released after the photosensitization, a state in which the initial orientation is slightly tilted from the vertical orientation state can be realized. The display characteristics of the panel thus formed are as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, which are affected by the voltage applied during the polymerization of the liquid crystal acrylate, and the white brightness is 320 cd / by applying an AC voltage (square wave) of ± 20 V. m² , Black brightness 0.53 cd / m² (Backlight 5000 cd / m² ) Can be obtained.</p><p> Example 2 Instead of the configuration of Example 1 shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIG. 12, the common electrode and the Cs bass lie The structure is completely insulated from the particles (usually short-circuited by conductive particles or silver paste). As a result, the dullness of the applied AC voltage can be reduced, so it is desirable to completely insulate the common electrode and the Cs bus line in this way.</p><p> In particular, the resistance per Cs bus line is often on the order of several kΩ, and the applied voltage drops depending on the size of the leak.</p><p> Example 3 As described above, it is desirable that the common electrode and the Cs bus line are electrically insulated when a voltage is applied when irradiating the liquid crystal with light. However, in this method, it becomes necessary to form a pattern different from the voltage supply to the Cs bus line for the common electrode that needs to receive the current supply from all sides.</p><p> Therefore, as in this example, if it is considered that the common electrode and the Cs bus line are short-circuited after the irradiation with light, the current supply from all sides can be easily realized.</p><p> That is, as shown in FIG. 13, there is a method in which a portion to be short-circuited by a laser is provided in advance in the structure of the panel. For that purpose, in general, the conduction between the upper and lower substrates is performed by using a silver paste or a conductive spacer.</p><p> On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the connection is made at the terminal portion. Here, an example in which the common electrode and the Cs bus line are connected outside the panel is shown.</p><p> Example 4 To a liquid crystal panel having the same configuration as shown in FIG. 15 as described in Example 1, an AC voltage (square wave) of ± 8 V is applied to the common electrode pad (C) and applied to the pad (Cs). Apply 0V and then apply -5V to the gate bus line.</p><p> As mentioned earlier, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal part is Zlc / (Zlc + Zc) × AC voltage Given in.</p><p> Further, since the voltage is applied to the gate bus line, the current flowing from the transistor to the data bus line can be suppressed.</p><p> Further, when the liquid crystal panel is exposed to UV in the same manner as in Example 1, the liquid crystal molecules are dragged in the tilted direction and the liquid crystal acrylate material is polymerized.</p><p> Example 5 In the above-described embodiment, the case where the liquid crystal acrylate material is blended in the liquid crystal is described in particular. However, the methods described in these examples can also be applied to materials containing photosensitive materials such as polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display panels and ferroelectric panels that require orientation treatment.</p><p> Example 6 In the method of Example 1, when the frequency when the AC voltage is applied becomes high, the resistance of the Cs bus line becomes high, which causes insufficient writing. On the contrary, when the frequency becomes low, a voltage leak occurs in a portion connected with a high resistance, and it becomes impossible to write a uniform voltage on the entire display surface of the panel. Here, the relationship between the frequency and the brightness was measured by varying the AC voltage based on the fact that the wiring resistance changes depending on the material and the like. The results are shown in Fig. 16. Therefore, the AC frequency when an AC voltage is applied should be about 1 Hz to 1 kHz.</p><p> Example 7 This is an example in which wiring defects are made invisible by applying a DC voltage by aligning the potentials of the wiring and electrodes on the second substrate.</p><p> In this example, as shown in FIG. 17, a DC voltage is applied between the common electrode and the three bus lines. Here, 10V is applied to the common electrodes and 0V is applied to the three bus lines. Then, since the voltage actually applied to the liquid crystal is the same as the model shown in the explanation of the first embodiment, a panel having the same display characteristics can be obtained (white brightness 320 cd / m).² , Black brightness 0.53 cd / m² ). In this case, it goes without saying that a short circuit between bus lines does not pose a problem because the voltage is the same.</p><p> Example 8 In the case of the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the opposite sides of the data bus line are bundled. As a result, even if there is a disconnection in the data bus line, the voltage wraps around and is input. In this case, the bundled portion may be separated by cutting the glass later.</p><p> Example 9 In Example 8, in order to avoid the process of disconnection, as shown in FIG. 19, instead of bundling on the opposite side, a method of connecting with a high resistance can be mentioned. In the case of direct current, as explained with respect to FIG. 5, if a sufficient amount of time elapses, the potential becomes equipotential even with a high resistance connection. By utilizing this, it is also possible to form a pattern as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 and apply a DC voltage.</p><p> In FIG. 20, the data bus line, the gate bus line, the Cs bus line (including the repair line described later), and the common electrode are all connected with high resistance via an ESD circuit or the like. Here, 10 V is applied to the data bus line, 10 V is applied to the gate bus line (including the repair line described later), and 0 V is applied to the common electrode to irradiate the liquid crystal with light.</p><p> In FIG. 21, the data bus line, the gate bus line, and the Cs bus line (including the repair line described later) are all connected with high resistance via an ESD circuit or the like. However, it is insulated from the common electrode. Here, 10 V is applied to the data bus line and 0 V is applied to the common electrode to irradiate the liquid crystal with light.</p><p> In each of the examples of FIGS. 20 and 21, the potentials of the bus lines on the second substrate are all equipotential.</p><p> Example 10 In this example, as shown in FIG. 22, a voltage is applied to the repair line in addition to the data bus line, the gate bus line, the Cs bus line, and the common electrode.</p><p> The repair line is usually arranged on both sides of the data bus line or opposite to the signal input side, but in the device of this figure, it is arranged opposite to the signal input side.</p><p> As described in the description of FIG. 7, the repair process, including the line defects caused by the interlayer short circuit, is converted into the condition of b. Data bus line disconnection, which is connected to the repair line as shown in FIG. A typical example is a method. In such a case, the voltage is not input from the signal input side to the part where the wire is broken, so as in the previous embodiment, the method of wrapping the voltage around using the ESD circuit inside the panel is also possible. However, applying a voltage directly to the repair line is a fairly reliable method.</p><p> In the device of FIG. 22, a voltage is applied to the repair line directly or indirectly via a high resistance connection based on the above concept. In the figure, each bus line and TFT are arranged on the second substrate. A transparent electrode as a common electrode is formed on the first substrate. An alignment film is formed on each substrate by a method such as printing or a spinner. In addition, a liquid crystal to which a small amount of liquid crystal acrylicate material is added is sandwiched between the two substrates.</p><p> Next, 0V is applied to the common electrode, and a DC voltage of 10V is applied to the portion connected to each of the gate bus line, the data bus line, and the repair line with high resistance. Then, after applying a voltage to the liquid crystal in this way, UV light is irradiated to the liquid crystal portion.</p><p> Example 11 In this example, as shown in FIG. 23, the CF-ON-TFT structure is used as the panel configuration. As shown in FIG. 4, the threshold shift of the TFT occurs when the TFT is directly irradiated with ultraviolet light when the TFT is in the ON state. By forming the color filter on the TFT substrate side so as to cover the TFT portion, it is possible to cut most of the UV light that arrives, and as a result, it is possible to suppress the threshold shift.</p><p> In FIG. 23, the TFT is arranged on the second substrate, the color filter is formed on the TFT, and the pixel electrode is further formed on the color filter. A transparent electrode as a common electrode is formed on the first substrate. An alignment film is formed on each substrate by a method such as printing or a spinner. In addition, a liquid crystal to which a small amount of liquid crystal acrylicate material is added is sandwiched between the two substrates.</p><p> Next, apply 0V to the common electrode, 20V to the gate bus line, and ± 10V AC 30Hz square wave to the data bus line. Both sides of the data bus line are bundled on both sides as shown in FIG.</p><p> After applying the voltage to the liquid crystal in this way, UV light is irradiated from the first substrate side.</p><p> Example 12 In this example, as shown in FIG. 24, a light-shielding film is prepared on the TFT in order to suppress the threshold shift of the TFT, and at the same time, a voltage is uniformly applied to the line defect portion, so that the repair line is used. This is an example of applying the same signal to be input to the data bus line. As in the case of the eleventh embodiment, the TFT is arranged on the second substrate, the color filter is formed on the TFT, and the pixel electrode is further formed on the color filter. A transparent electrode as a common electrode is formed on the first substrate. An alignment film is formed on each substrate by a method such as printing or a spinner. In addition, a liquid crystal to which a small amount of liquid crystal acrylicate material is added is sandwiched between the two substrates.</p><p> Next, apply 0V to the common electrode, 20V to the gate bus line, and ± 10V AC 30Hz square wave to the data bus line and repair line. At this time, it is assumed that the repair line is connected to the bus line to be repaired.</p><p> After applying the voltage to the liquid crystal in this way, UV light is irradiated from the first substrate side.</p><p> Next, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention will be described. In these examples, vertically aligned films are all used, the liquid crystal has a negative dielectric anisotropy, the polarizing plate is attached to the cross Nicol on both sides of the liquid crystal panel, so that it is normally black, and the change axis of the polarizing plate is the bus line. 45 ° to .. The panel size is 15 inches and the resolution is XGA. As the polymerizable monomer, a liquid crystal acrylate monomer UCL-001 manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd. was used, and as the liquid crystal, a liquid crystal having a negative Δε was used.</p><p> Example 13 A liquid crystal panel having an ITO pattern as shown in FIG. 25 was produced.</p><p> Since the width of the fine ITO slit and the gap between the data bus line and ITO are almost equal, the liquid crystal molecules fall in the direction parallel to the data bus line even in the gap between the data bus line and ITO, so all the liquid crystal molecules tilt in the same direction. , It is possible to prevent the occurrence of dark areas. In order to make the viewing angle characteristics symmetrical, the area of the region where the liquid crystal molecules fall downward in FIG. 25 and the area where the liquid crystal molecules fall upward in FIG. 23 are almost equal.</p><p> In FIG. 25, fine electrodes are connected at the center of the pixel. As shown in FIG. 26, which is a cross-sectional view of an example of the device of FIG. 25, it is possible to control the collapse direction of the liquid crystal molecules only by the electric field, but FIG. 27, which is a cross-sectional view of another example of the device of FIG. 25. As shown in the above, a protruding embankment may be provided in order to more clearly define the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules fall. It is also possible to rub the alignment film in the direction shown in the figure instead of the bank, or to use photoalignment.</p><p> Apply a voltage 0.1V higher than the threshold voltage to the liquid crystal composition enclosed in the panel, wait for 1 minute, and after confirming that the orientation is controlled in a predetermined direction by observing with a microscope, set the voltage to 0.01 per second up to 3V. The voltage was increased up to V and 10V at a rate of 0.1V per second, and the monomer was polymerized by irradiating with ultraviolet rays while a voltage of 10V was applied. As a result, a liquid crystal panel with no orientation disorder could be produced.</p><p> Example 14 A liquid crystal panel having an ITO pattern as shown in FIG. 28 was produced. After applying a voltage 0.1 V higher than the threshold voltage to the liquid crystal composition enclosed in the panel and waiting for 1 minute to stabilize the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, the voltage is 0.01 V / s up to 3 V and 0.1 V / s up to 10 V. The monomer was polymerized by irradiating with ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage of 10 V. As a result, a liquid crystal panel with no orientation disorder could be produced.</p><p> Next, examples of the third aspect of the present invention will be described.</p><p> Examples 15 to 17, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 FIG. 33 shows a comparative example by a conventional method using a 15-inch XGA-LCD and an example of the present invention. As the liquid crystal, an N-type liquid crystal having a negative Δε was used. Further, as the polymerizable monomer, an acrylate monomer UCL-001 manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd. was used. The monomer mixing concentration was 0.1 to 2% by weight of the liquid crystal composition. Moreover, the photopolymerization initiator was added at a concentration of 0 to 10% with respect to the weight of the monomer. Table 1 shows the UV irradiation conditions and the results obtained.</p><p><tables num="1"><img file="JP4860002B2_D0001.tif" /></tables></p><p> In Comparative Example 1, the applied voltage during UV irradiation is 10 V, and the UV intensity is 10 mW / cm.² And the irradiation amount is 4000mJ / cm² Met. The irradiation time is about 400 seconds, and a contrast of about 600 can be obtained, but residual monomers are present and the seizure is as large as 18%. As shown in Comparative Example 2, the UV irradiation amount was 8000 mJ / cm.² Then, the seizure is as small as 6%, but in this case, the contrast is lowered and the irradiation time is as large as about 800 seconds.</p><p> In the method of Example 15, a voltage of 10 V is applied at the time of the first irradiation to apply pretilt, and the second time. Irradiation is a method of eliminating residual monomers by performing irradiation without an electric field. As shown in Table 1, the UV intensity at the time of the first irradiation may be high intensity or low intensity. For high strength (100mW / cm² ), The irradiation time when the voltage was applied was about 40 seconds, and both the seizure and the contrast were good. For low strength (10mW / cm² ), The irradiation time when the voltage was applied was 200 seconds, which was slightly longer, but it was less than 1/2 that of the comparative example, and good results were shown in both seizure and contrast.</p><p> The method of Example 16 is a method in which the first irradiation is performed without an electric field and a voltage is applied during the second irradiation. In this method, the first irradiation is a small amount of irradiation, the monomer is reacted to some extent, the monomer in the light-shielding portion is led to a state in which it is easy to react, and then the monomer is irradiated under the application of voltage. The seizure without post-irradiation was slightly larger, but the contrast was even better.</p><p> The method of Example 17 is a method of performing both the post-irradiation and the pre-irradiation. Both seizure and contrast were good.</p><p> Next, examples of the fourth aspect of the present invention will be described.</p><p> Example 18 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. A color layer and common electrodes were formed on the other substrate. These substrates were glued together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. As shown in FIG. 34, three inlets of this panel were formed and arranged at 68-80 mm, 110-122 mm and 152-164 mm of the 232 mm long sides, respectively.</p><p> A gate voltage of DC30V, a data voltage of DC10V, and a common voltage of DC5V are applied to this panel, and with the panel's liquid crystal tilted, ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 300 to 450nm are emitted from the common substrate side at 2000mJ / cm.² Irradiated. As a result, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer was polymerized. Next, a polarizing plate was attached to complete the liquid crystal panel. It was confirmed that the liquid crystal panel produced in this manner is a liquid crystal display device having high display quality without display defects such as unevenness in the corners.</p><p> Example 19 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. A color layer and common electrodes were formed on the other substrate. These substrates were glued together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. As shown in FIG. 35, the BM portion of the frame of this panel was formed by laminating CF resin, and the cell gap was 2.4 μm (display gap = 4.0 μm) and the distance from the seal was 0.2 mm.</p><p> A gate voltage of DC30V, a data voltage of DC10V, and a common voltage of DC5V are applied to this panel, and with the panel's liquid crystal tilted, ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 300 to 450nm are emitted from the common substrate side at 2000mJ / cm.² Irradiated. As a result, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer was polymerized. Next, a polarizing plate was attached to complete the liquid crystal panel. It was confirmed that the liquid crystal panel produced in this manner is a liquid crystal display device having high display quality without display defects such as unevenness in the corners.</p><p> In the above, the same effect can be obtained by forming a film on a metal BM such as Cr with a CF resin or the like instead of forming the BM portion of the panel as a resin-layered BM.</p><p> Example 20 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. A color layer and common electrodes were formed on the other substrate. These substrates were glued together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. As shown in FIG. 36, an auxiliary seal was formed on the BM portion of the frame of this panel so that there was no cell gap in the BM portion of the frame.</p><p> A gate voltage of DC30V, a data voltage of DC10V, and a common voltage of DC5V are applied to this panel, and with the panel's liquid crystal tilted, ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 300 to 450nm are emitted from the common substrate side at 2000mJ / cm.² Irradiated. As a result, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer was polymerized, and a polymer network was formed in the panel. Next, a polarizing plate was attached to complete the liquid crystal panel. It was confirmed that the liquid crystal panel produced in this manner is a liquid crystal display device having high display quality without display defects such as unevenness in the corners.</p><p> Example 21 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. A color layer and common electrodes were formed on the other substrate. These substrates were glued together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. As shown in FIG. 37, a pocket was formed in the BM portion of the frame of this panel with an auxiliary seal so that the liquid crystal having an abnormal density could enter the pocket.</p><p> A gate voltage of DC30V, a data voltage of DC10V, and a common voltage of DC5V are applied to this panel, and with the panel's liquid crystal tilted, ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 300 to 450nm are emitted from the common substrate side at 2000mJ / cm.² Irradiated. As a result, the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer was polymerized. Next, a polarizing plate was attached to complete the liquid crystal panel. It was confirmed that the liquid crystal panel produced in this manner is a liquid crystal display device having high display quality without display defects such as unevenness in the corners.</p><p> Next, an embodiment in the fifth aspect of the present invention will be described.</p><p> Example 22 A cross-sectional view of the panel of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 38. From the bottom, the layer structure of the TFT substrate is a gate metal layer with Al-Nd / MoN / Mo, a gate insulating film with SiN, an a-Si layer, a drain metal layer with n + / Ti / Al / MoN / Mo, and protection with SiN. It consists of a film layer and a pixel electrode layer made of ITO. The structure of the CF substrate consists of red, blue, and green color filter layers and an ITO film layer that serves as a common electrode. FIG. 39 is a plan view of this panel. According to this pixel electrode pattern, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted in the four directions a, b, c, and d in the figure when a voltage is applied. By doing so, a wide viewing angle can be realized. Further, the facing substrate is composed of a common electrode by ITO. A vertical alignment film was applied to these two substrates, a bead spacer was sprayed on one substrate, a panel peripheral seal was formed on the other, and the two substrates were bonded together. Liquid crystal was injected into the bonded panel. As the liquid crystal, a negative type liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy to which an ultraviolet curable monomer was added in an amount of 0.2 wt% was used. The panel was subjected to voltage application and ultraviolet irradiation to regulate the orientation of the liquid crystal. Figure 40 shows the liquid crystal orientation rule based on the polymer. The system is shown. When no voltage is applied at the initial stage, the liquid crystal molecules are vertically oriented and the monomer exists as a monomer. Here, when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted in the direction of the fine pattern of the pixel electrodes, and the monomer is also tilted in the same manner. When ultraviolet irradiation is performed in this state, the monomer is polymerized with an inclination. By polymerizing the monomer with an inclination in this way, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated.</p><p> As a pattern of voltage application and ultraviolet irradiation, the method shown in FIG. 41 can be considered. Here, the high ultraviolet irradiation intensity is a case of 30 mW or more due to ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 300 to 450 nm, and the low ultraviolet irradiation intensity is an intensity of 30 mW or less due to the same ultraviolet rays. Further, the high voltage is a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer that is equal to or higher than the threshold value of the liquid crystal, and the low voltage is a voltage that is lower than the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal and no voltage is applied.</p><p> The liquid crystal panel thus obtained had high brightness, a wide field of view, and high quality without seizure.</p><p> Example 23 As shown in FIG. 42, in order to carry out the method for manufacturing the panel of Example 22, two ultraviolet irradiation units are connected, and in particular, the first unit can apply voltage and irradiate ultraviolet rays, and is a second unit. Then, a manufacturing apparatus having a structure of irradiating ultraviolet rays while transporting the panel on the transport roller was used. This device enables panel manufacturing with high throughput and low space.</p><p> Example 24 A cross-sectional view of the panel of this example is shown in FIG. A color filter layer and an overcoat layer are formed on the TFT array, whereby high transmittance can be realized.</p><p> Next, an embodiment of the sixth aspect of the present invention will be described.</p><p> Example 25 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. A color layer and common electrodes were formed on the other substrate. These substrates were bonded together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. This panel has a pixel plane and a cross section as shown in FIG. 45, and both the contact hole between the source electrode and the pixel electrode and the contact hole between the Cs intermediate electrode and the pixel electrode are arranged at the liquid crystal domain boundary portion by the pixel slit. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal domains due to contact holes, and the liquid crystal display device created in this way has high display quality without occurrence of abnormal domains, deterioration of brightness, deterioration of response speed, and display unevenness. It becomes a liquid crystal display device.</p><p> Example 26 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. On the other substrate, a color layer, common electrodes, and a bank for orientation control were formed. These substrates were bonded together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. This panel has a pixel plane as shown in FIG. 46, and the contact holes of the source electrode and the pixel electrode and the contact holes of the Cs intermediate electrode and the pixel electrode are both arranged at the cross of the bank, which is the liquid crystal domain. It hits the boundary part. In addition, when the source electrode and the Cs intermediate electrode are stretched into the display area, these are liquid crystal dome intentionally generated by the pixel electrode slit. It borders the inn, does not cause abnormal domains, and does not reduce the aperture ratio. The liquid crystal display device created in this way has a high display quality without the occurrence of abnormal domains, deterioration of brightness, deterioration of response speed, and occurrence of display unevenness.</p><p> Example 27 A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in Example 25. The pixel plan view is as shown in FIG. 47, and the contact holes of the source electrode and the pixel electrode and the contact holes of the Cs intermediate electrode and the pixel electrode are in different orientation division regions, and even when they are the starting points of the abnormal domains, respectively. It does not lead to the occurrence of more extensive anomalous domains due to interaction. The liquid crystal display device thus obtained has a high display quality with less occurrence of abnormal domains, less decrease in brightness, deterioration in response speed, and less occurrence of display unevenness.</p><p> Example 28 A TFT element, a data bus line, a gate bus line, a color layer, and a pixel electrode were formed on one of the substrates. A common electrode was formed on the other substrate. These substrates were bonded together via a spacer having a diameter of 4 μm to prepare an empty cell. In the cell thus obtained, an acrylic photopolymerizable component exhibiting nematic liquid crystal property is mixed with a negative liquid crystal in an amount of 0.3 wt%, and a liquid crystal composition containing the obtained photopolymerizable component is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced. The pixel plan view and the cross-sectional view of this panel are as shown in FIG. 48, and the contact holes that cause abnormal domains such as cell thickness fluctuations are arranged at the boundary of the liquid crystal domain. In addition, the pixel electrode, source electrode, and Cs intermediate electrode are connected by one contact hole, the cause of the abnormal domain disappears, and the aperture ratio is improved. The source electrode is wired at the boundary portion of the liquid crystal domain intentionally generated by the pixel electrode slit and other than the pixel slit portion, does not cause an abnormal domain, and the aperture ratio is not reduced. The liquid crystal display device created in this way has a high display quality without the occurrence of abnormal domains, deterioration of brightness, deterioration of response speed, and occurrence of display unevenness.</p><p> Next, an embodiment of the seventh aspect of the present invention will be described.</p><p> Example 29 A vertically oriented panel was used in which a nematic liquid crystal having a negative Δε was filled between two substrates consisting of a TFT substrate and a color filter substrate. A liquid crystal monoacrylate monomer UCL-001-K1 manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd. was added to the liquid crystal layer in an amount of 0.25% by weight as a polymerizable monomer. While driving the liquid crystal by applying a driving voltage to the liquid crystal layer so that the effective voltage is 5.0 V, this panel is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a maximum energy peak wavelength of 365 nm for 300 seconds in a predetermined liquid crystal orientation state. , The monomer was polymerized and cured. Here, a vertically oriented polyamic acid alignment film was used. The cell gap of the panel was set to 4.0 μm. The drive mode is normally black. The panel was then irradiated with additional UV light as shown in FIG. A commercially available black lamp (manufactured by Toshiba Lighting &amp; Technology Corporation) was used as an additional irradiation light source. The wavelength of the maximum energy peak is 352 nm, and five lamps are arranged at 10 cm intervals to make surface emission, and 5 mW / cm from a distance of 10 cm.²Irradiated with the intensity of. Next, when the seizure rate of the panel before and after the additional UV irradiation was measured, the seizure rate of the panel before the additional UV irradiation was 12%, whereas the seizure rate after the irradiation was 12%. The rate was reduced to 3%. In addition, after leaving these panels for 24 hours, the former did not return, whereas the latter completely eliminated the seizure. In addition, the amount of ultraviolet irradiation in the additional irradiation of ultraviolet rays to the panel was changed, and the relationship between the amount of ultraviolet irradiation and the seizure rate was obtained. The results are as shown in Fig. 50. It can be seen that the seizure rate decreases as the amount of ultraviolet irradiation increases. Here, the seizure rate was obtained as follows. That is, the black and white checker pattern Is displayed in the display area for 48 hours. After that, a predetermined neutral color tone (gray) was displayed in the entire display area, and the difference (β-γ) between the brightness β in the white display area and the brightness γ in the black display area was displayed in black. Divide by the brightness γ of the region to obtain the seizure rate. Seizure rate α = ((β-γ) / γ) × 100 (%) Example 30 The operation described in Example 29 was repeated except that a commercially available fluorescent lamp for health lines (manufactured by Tozai Densen Co., Ltd.) was used as the additional irradiation light source instead of the black lamp. The wavelength of the maximum energy peak of this fluorescent lamp was 310 nm. As a result, the seizure rate of the obtained panel after the additional ultraviolet irradiation was reduced to 2.5%, and the seizure disappeared completely after being left for 24 hours.</p><p> The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention described above can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 1) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Manufacture of a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying an AC voltage to the common electrode and the Cs bus line to apply an AC voltage between the common electrode and a pixel electrode to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. Method. (Appendix 2) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 1, wherein the common electrode and the Cs bus line are insulated or connected with high resistance at the time of irradiating the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 3) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel according to Appendix 1, wherein the common electrode and the Cs bus line are electrically connected after irradiating the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 4) Initially, the liquid crystal layer is vertically oriented, and the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material is irradiated with light while applying a voltage to make the average angle of the liquid crystal with respect to the alignment film less than 90 °. , The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 1. (Appendix 5) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 1, wherein the AC frequency when an AC voltage is applied is set to 1 to 1000 Hz. (Appendix 6) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Insulate or connect with high resistance between the common electrode and the three bus lines. By applying a DC voltage between the common electrode and the three bus lines (gate bus line, data bus line and Cs bus line) on the second substrate, the common electrode and pixel electricity are applied. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying a DC voltage between the poles and the liquid crystal layer to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 7) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 6, wherein each of an adjacent gate bus line or data bus line is electrically connected at both ends thereof. (Appendix 8) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 7, wherein the common electrode and the Cs bus line are electrically connected after irradiating the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 9) Initially, the liquid crystal layer is vertically oriented, and the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material is irradiated with light while applying a voltage to make the average angle of the liquid crystal with respect to the alignment film less than 90 °. , The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 6. (Appendix 10) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a repair line that intersects the line with at least one of the data bus line or the gate bus line. The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Between the common electrode and the pixel electrode by applying a DC voltage between the common electrode and the four bus lines (gate bus line, data bus line, Cs bus line and repair line) on the second substrate. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying a direct current voltage to the liquid crystal layer to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 11) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. The common electrode and the four bus lines (gate bus line, data bus line and Cs bus line) on the second substrate are connected with high resistance, and between at least one bus line and the common electrode. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying a DC voltage between a common electrode and a pixel electrode to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 12) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a line, Form a CF resin or a pattern that blocks light in the channel part of the thin film transistor, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. Each of the adjacent data bus lines is electrically connected at both ends of the gate. By applying the ON voltage of the transistor to the bus line and applying the AC voltage between the common electrode and the data bus line, the AC voltage is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and light is emitted to the liquid crystal layer. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises irradiating. (Appendix 13) A common electrode for applying a voltage is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate, and the common electrode is formed. A Cs bus that forms an electric capacity between a gate bus line and a data bus line arranged in a matrix on a second substrate, a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor at the intersection of the two bus lines, and the pixel electrode. Form a repair line that intersects the line and the data bus line, Form a CF resin or a pattern that blocks light in the channel part of the thin film transistor, The gap between the first substrate and the second substrate is filled with a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material to form a liquid crystal layer. The common electrode and the pixel electrode sandwich the liquid crystal layer between them to form an electric capacity. At least one data bus line and at least one repair line are connected by a method such as laser irradiation. By applying the ON voltage of the transistor to the gate bus line and applying the AC voltage between the common electrode and the data bus line and the repair line (the same potential as the data bus line), between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises applying an AC voltage to the liquid crystal layer to irradiate the liquid crystal layer with light. (Appendix 14) A liquid crystal display device manufactured by the method described in any of Appendix 1 to 13.</p><p> The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the second aspect of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 15) A liquid crystal is filled with a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy and containing a polymerizable monomer between two substrates provided with a transparent electrode and an orientation control film for vertically orienting liquid crystal molecules. Form a layer, In a method for manufacturing a vertically oriented liquid crystal display device in which monomers are polymerized while applying a voltage between opposing transparent electrodes to give liquid crystal molecules a pretilt angle. Before polymerizing the monomers, a constant voltage above the threshold voltage and below the saturation voltage is applied between the opposing transparent electrodes for a certain period of time, and then the voltage is changed to a predetermined voltage to maintain the voltage while maintaining the liquid crystal composition. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises irradiating an object with ultraviolet rays or applying heat to polymerize a monomer. (Appendix 16) After applying a constant voltage above the threshold voltage and below the threshold + 1V for 10 seconds or more between the opposing transparent electrodes, apply a voltage above the voltage applied when white is displayed to change the voltage and maintain that voltage. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 15, wherein the liquid crystal composition is irradiated with ultraviolet rays or heated to polymerize the monomers. (Appendix 17) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 15 or 16, further comprising a step of forming a slit structure on a transparent electrode on at least one substrate. (Appendix 18) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 15 to 17, further comprising a step of forming protrusions protruding in a gap between the substrates on at least one substrate. (Appendix 19) A liquid crystal display device manufactured by the method described in any of Appendix 15-18.</p><p> The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the third aspect of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 20) A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable monomer is filled between two substrates provided with transparent electrodes to form a liquid crystal layer. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, in which a monomer is polymerized while applying a voltage to opposite transparent electrodes to give a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules and the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules is defined when a voltage is applied. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises performing light irradiation for polymerizing a polymerizable monomer in at least two times. (Appendix 21) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 20, wherein at least one of the plurality of light irradiations is performed in a state where a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. (Appendix 22) Manufacture of the liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 20 or 21, wherein the plurality of times of light irradiation is performed without applying a voltage either before or after the light irradiation performed by applying the voltage, or both before and after the light irradiation. Method. (Appendix 23) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 20 to 22, wherein the plurality of times of light irradiation is performed at a plurality of different light intensities. (Appendix 24) Light irradiation performed by applying the above voltage is 50 mW / cm.² The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 20 to 23, which is carried out with the above light intensity. (Appendix 25) Light irradiation performed without applying the voltage is 50 mW / cm.² The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 20 to 24, which is carried out at the following light intensities. (Appendix 26) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 20 to 25, wherein the polymerizable monomer is a liquid crystal or non-liquid crystal monomer and is polymerized by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. (Appendix 27) The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Supplementary note 20 to 26, wherein the polymerizable monomer is a bifunctional acrylate or a mixture of a bifunctional acrylate and a monofunctional acrylate. (Appendix 28) A liquid crystal display device manufactured by the method described in any of Appendix 20 to 27.</p><p> The liquid crystal display device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 29) A liquid crystal display containing a photopolymerizable component or a heat-polymerizable component sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the tilting direction of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is applied. The apparatus is characterized in that a plurality of injection ports for injecting the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable component are provided, and the distance between the injection ports is 1/5 or less of the size of the side where the injection port exists. Liquid crystal display device. (Appendix 30) The liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 29, wherein the distance between the injection port and the display end is 2/5 or less of the dimension of the side where the injection port exists. (Appendix 31) A liquid crystal display containing a photopolymerizable component or a heat-polymerizable component sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the tilting direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the cell gap of the BM portion of the frame is equal to or smaller than the cell gap of the display area. (Appendix 32) A region having a cell gap equal to or smaller than the cell gap of the display region and a seal for forming a cell The liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 31, wherein the distance between the two is 0.5 mm or less. (Appendix 33) A liquid crystal display containing a photopolymerizable component or a heat-polymerizable component sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the tilting direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a main seal or an auxiliary seal is formed on a BM portion of a frame to eliminate a cell gap in the BM portion of the frame. (Appendix 34) A liquid crystal display containing a photopolymerizable component or a heat-polymerizable component sandwiched between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while applying a voltage to define the tilting direction of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is applied. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a material having a concentration distribution between the polymerizable component and a liquid crystal is guided to a BM portion by forming an auxiliary seal in the device. (Appendix 35) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 29 to 34, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a non-liquid crystal component, or uses a liquid crystal composition containing a component whose molecular weight and surface energy are different from those of the liquid crystal component.</p><p> The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 36) A common electrode and a color filter layer are formed on the first substrate, The second substrate is composed of an array substrate on which a gate bus line layer, a gate insulating film layer, a drain bus line layer, a protective film layer, and a pixel electrode layer are formed. A fine slit is formed in the pixel electrode layer in a direction in which the slit divides the inside of the pixel into at least two regions. A vertical alignment film for vertically aligning liquid crystal molecules is formed on the two substrates. A liquid crystal layer is formed by filling the gap between the two substrates with an n-type liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy containing an ultraviolet curable resin having a liquid crystal skeleton. By irradiating the liquid crystal molecules with ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold value of the liquid crystal molecules, the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is applied is defined. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which comprises arranging two polarizing plates on a cross Nicol on the upper and lower surfaces of the device so that the absorption axis forms an angle of 45 degrees with the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. (Appendix 37) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 36, wherein the liquid crystal composition injected between two substrates is irradiated with ultraviolet rays by dividing the liquid crystal composition into two or more stages by ultraviolet rays having different light intensities. (Appendix 38) The liquid crystal composition injected between the two substrates is irradiated with ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold of the liquid crystal molecules to the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules are irradiated with ultraviolet rays without applying a voltage. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 36, which is performed by dividing the process into two stages. (Appendix 39) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 36, wherein the liquid crystal composition injected between the two substrates is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in two stages while applying different voltages to the liquid crystal molecules. (Appendix 40) In order to polymerize the ultraviolet-polymerizable components in the liquid crystal composition injected between the two substrates, a plurality of ultraviolet irradiation units having different light intensities are used, and ultraviolet irradiation is performed in two or more stages. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the description. (Appendix 41) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 36, wherein the liquid crystal molecules injected between the two substrates are irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the array substrate side. (Appendix 42) The second substrate is composed of an array substrate on which a color filter layer is formed, a common electrode is formed on the first substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules injected between the two substrates are irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 36, which is performed from the substrate side of the above. (Appendix 43) A liquid crystal display device manufactured by the method described in any of Appendix 36 to 42.</p><p> The liquid crystal display device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 44) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, the cell thickness is 10% or more by design. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a portion where is fluctuating is arranged at a domain boundary portion of the liquid crystal. (Appendix 45) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, a source electrode is formed at the domain boundary of the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a contact hole for connecting the electrode and the pixel electrode is provided. (Appendix 46) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, Cs is intermediate at the domain boundary of the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a contact hole for connecting an electrode and a pixel electrode is provided. (Appendix 47) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the inclination direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer polymerized by heat or light, and the orientation is divided into two or more divisions. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that there are no multiple parts where the cell thickness fluctuates by 10% or more by design. (Appendix 48) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the inclination direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer polymerized by heat or light, and the orientation is divided into two or more divisions. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that it does not have a plurality of contact holes in the same divided area. (Appendix 49) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, a pixel electrode is provided by one contact hole. A liquid crystal display device characterized by connecting a source electrode and a Cs intermediate electrode. (Appendix 50) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, the metal electrode is the liquid crystal in the display pixel. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that it is wired along a domain boundary. (Appendix 51) In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules and the tilt direction when a voltage is applied are defined by a polymer that polymerizes with heat or light, electrodes having the same potential as the pixel electrodes are used. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that it is not wired in a slit portion of a pixel electrode in a display pixel. (Appendix 52) Described in any of Appendix 44 to 51, wherein a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a substrate in which a color filter layer composed of red, blue, and green is formed on a TFT substrate and a substrate in which a common electrode is formed. Liquid crystal display device.</p><p> The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (Appendix 53) A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable monomer is filled between two substrates provided with an electrode and an alignment film to form a liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal is applied while applying a predetermined liquid crystal driving voltage between the opposing electrodes. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including irradiating a composition with ultraviolet rays to polymerize a monomer, a voltage that does not substantially drive the liquid crystal is applied without applying a liquid crystal driving voltage or after the polymerization treatment of the monomer. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device , which comprises irradiating the liquid crystal composition with additional ultraviolet rays . (Appendix 54) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 53, wherein in the additional ultraviolet irradiation, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength different from the ultraviolet rays used for the polymerization treatment of the monomer before the additional ultraviolet irradiation are used. (Appendix 55) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 53 or 54, wherein the ultraviolet rays emitted in the additional ultraviolet irradiation have a maximum energy peak at 310 to 380 nm in the spectrum. (Appendix 56) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 55, wherein the ultraviolet rays emitted in the additional ultraviolet irradiation have a maximum energy peak at 350 to 380 nm in the spectrum. (Appendix 57) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Appendix 55, wherein the ultraviolet rays emitted in the additional ultraviolet irradiation have a maximum energy peak at 310 to 340 nm in the spectrum. (Appendix 58) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Appendix 53 to 57, wherein the irradiation time is 10 minutes or more in the additional ultraviolet irradiation. (Appendix 59) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of Supplementary note 53 to 58, wherein the substrate surface is vertically oriented in a vertical alignment mode, and the liquid crystal in the non-display portion is also substantially vertically oriented.</p>