Kinetic energy rod warhead with aiming mechanism

The present invention relates to an improvement in a kinetic energy rod warhead.

Destructive missiles, aircraft, re-entry vehicles, and other targets are in three main categories: the "hit-to-kill" vehicle, the blast debris warhead (blast). Fragmentation warhead), and belongs to the kinetic energy rod warhead.

A "direct hit" body is typically fired by a missile, such as a Patriot, Trident, or MX missile, in close proximity to a re-entry or other target. The shot down is maneuverable and is designed to collide with the re-entry and render the re-entry inoperable. However, it can be used to avoid "direct hit" bodies using counter-measures. In addition, biological warfare bomblets or chemical warfare submunition payloads are carried by several "direct hit" threats, causing the "direct hit" body to accurately collide with the target. Even so, one or more of these small bombs or chemical weapons small bomb munitions may remain and cause catastrophe.

Blast fragment warheads are designed to be carried by conventional missiles. Blast fragment warheads, unlike "direct hit" bodies, are not maneuverable. Instead, when the missile carrier reaches a position close to an enemy missile or other target, a pre-made metal band on the warhead is detonated, causing the metal pieces to accelerate at high speed and collide with the target. .. However, debris is not always effective in destroying the target, and biological bomblets and / or chemical submunition payloads still remain, causing catastrophe.

Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 which are the inventor's textbooks of the present invention, incorporated herein by reference, provide further details regarding "direct hit" bodies and blast fragment warheads. Kinetic energy rod warheads are proposed in Chapters 5 and 3 of these textbooks.

The two main advantages of kinetic energy rod warheads are 1) they do not rely on precise navigation like "direct hit" bodies, and 2) they penetrate better than blast fragment warheads.

The main components associated with a theoretical kinetic energy rod warhead are a projectile core or bay, including several individual long rod projectiles or penetrators, and an explosive charge. When the explosive charge is detonated, the rod projectile or penetrator is deployed. Usually these components are in the hull or housing.

If all the rods are deployed to block the target, the lethality is further increased. In order to direct the projectile in a particular direction, the explosive charge can be divided into several explosive charge segments or sections and a sympathetic shield can be used between these segments. Each explosive segment can have its own detonator. The selected explosive segment is detonated, the projectile is directed in a particular direction, and the projectile deployment pattern is controlled. For example, a detonator on one side of the core of a projectile could be detonated so that the explosive segment associated with that detonator pushes out a particular hull section, creating an opening on the target side within the hull. it can. The other detonator on the other side of the core is detonated and aimed at the target by deploying the projectile rod towards the opening. See, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Kinetic energy warheads, including the above designs, are very effective, but the exact position of the target with respect to the explosive segment of the warhead can affect aiming accuracy. The target is positioned relative to the warhead and the center of the rod set does not move closer to the target direction, which can result in aiming error. For example, the target may be in a different set, where the center of the rod core may move in a direction other than the target's direction as a result of the deployment of one set of explosive segments, three adjacent segments. Explosive segments, or four adjacent segments, may not aim the rod at the desired target. In addition, the number of explosive segments detonated affects the diameter of the overall spray pattern, which can be significant in some applications.<patcit num="1"><text>U.S. Pat. No. 6,598,534</text></patcit><patcit num="2"><text>U.S. Pat. No. 20040055500A1</text></patcit><patcit num="3"><text>U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 059,891</text></patcit><patcit num="4"><text>U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 060,179</text></patcit><nplcit num="1"><text>R. Lloyd, "Conventional Warhead Systems Physics and Engineering Design", Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics (AIAA) Book Series, Vol.179, ISBN1-56347-255-4, 1998</text></nplcit><nplcit num="2"><text>R. Lloyd, "Physics of Direct Hit and Near Miss Warhead Technology", Volume194, ISBN1-56347-473-5</text></nplcit>

<p> Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved kinetic energy rod warhead.</p><p> Another object of the present invention is to provide a highly lethal kinetic energy rod warhead.</p><p> Another object of the present invention is to provide a kinetic energy rod warhead that is likely to destroy a target.</p><p> Another object of the present invention is to provide a kinetic energy rod warhead with improved aiming accuracy.</p>

<p> The present invention, obtained from the implementation of a kinetic energy rod warhead with improved aiming resolution, deploys explosive segments in a timed combination and drives the rod in a specific deployment direction to more accurately collide with a target. Realized by.</p><p> Accordingly, the present invention provides a unique method of destroying a target, the invention can be used alone, or any warhead configuration and / or other of the applicant, such as those listed above. It can be used in conjunction with the target-destroying features disclosed in the patent or patent application. In addition, the kinetic energy rod warheads of the present invention further feature the kinetic energy rod warheads disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4, which the present application claims priority and is incorporated herein by reference. And / or other features desirable for a particular application can be provided.</p><p> However, it is not necessary for the present invention to achieve all of this object in other embodiments, and the claims of the present invention should not be limited to structures and methods capable of achieving such an object.</p><p> The present invention features an aimable kinetic energy rod warhead system comprising a plurality of rods, explosive segments arranged around the rods, and at least one detonator for each explosive segment. The target detection system is configured to position the target with respect to the explosive segment, and the control device responds to the target detection system. The control device is configured to selectively detonate specific explosive segments at different times depending on the desired deployment direction of the rod to improve the resolution of warhead aiming. An expansion vector is generated by selecting a specific explosive segment and detonating it. The sum of the expansion vectors is the expansion vector obtained in the desired expansion direction. The warhead system may have eight explosive segments, and there may be one detonator for each explosive segment. The warhead system can be provided with a sensitive shield between each explosive segment, the shield can be made of composite material, and may be steel sandwiched between polycarbonate resin sheet layers. The rod may be a long metal member, may be made of tungsten, and the rod may have a cylindrical cross section. The explosive segment may be wedge-shaped and the explosive segment may surround multiple rods.</p><p> The desired deployment direction can be aligned with the center of the first explosive segment. The control device can be configured to detonate the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment. The control device can be configured to simultaneously detonate an explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment and two explosive segments adjacent to the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment.</p><p> The desired deployment direction can be aligned with the first sensitive shield. The controller can be configured to simultaneously detonate two explosive segments adjacent to the sensitive shield on the opposite side of the first sensitive shield. The controller can be configured to simultaneously detonate four adjacent explosive segments, including two explosive segments adjacent to the sensitive shield on the opposite side of the first sensitive shield.</p><p> The desired deployment direction can be aligned between the first sensitive shield and the center of the first explosive segment. The controller simultaneously detonates the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment and the explosive segment adjacent to the explosive segment that is closest to the desired deployment direction, and then the first, farthest from the desired deployment direction. The explosive segment adjacent to the explosive segment on the opposite side of the explosive segment and the adjacent adjacent explosive segment can be configured to detonate at the same time. The controller detonates the explosive segment closest to the desired deployment direction adjacent to the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment, and then detonates the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment. It can then be configured to detonate the explosive segment farthest from the desired deployment direction adjacent to the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment and then the adjacent adjacent explosive segment.</p><p> The present invention also features a method of improving the aiming resolution of a kinetic energy rod warhead. In this method, explosive segments are placed around multiple rods, the target is positioned relative to the explosive segment, and specific explosive segments are selectively detonated at different times depending on the desired deployment direction of the rods for aiming. Includes improving resolution. The method may further include placing one detonator in each explosive segment. Eight explosive segments may be present and this method may further include placing sensitive shields between the explosive segments. The shield may be made of a composite material or may be steel sandwiched between polycarbonate resin sheet layers. The rod may be a long metal member or may be made of tungsten. The rod may have a cylindrical cross section. The explosive segment may be wedge-shaped.</p><p> The method can include detonating the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment when the desired deployment direction is aligned with the center of the first explosive segment. Two adjacent explosive segments, one on the opposite side of the first explosive segment and the other on the opposite side of the first explosive segment, when the desired deployment direction is aligned with the center of the first explosive segment. It can include detonating explosive segments at the same time. This method can include simultaneously detonating two explosive segments adjacent to the sensitive shield on the opposite side of the first sensitive shield when the desired deployment direction is aligned with the first sensitive shield. ..</p><p> This method simultaneously deploys four adjacent explosive segments, including two explosive segments adjacent to the sensitive shield on the opposite side of the first sensitive shield, when the desired deployment direction is aligned with the first sensitive shield. Can include detonating.</p><p> This method allows the desired deployment adjacent to the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment when the desired deployment direction is aligned between the first sensitive shield and the center of the first explosive segment. Detonate the explosive segment closest to the direction, then detonate the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment, and then from the desired deployment direction adjacent to the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment. It can include detonating the farthest explosive segment and then detonating the adjacent adjacent explosive segment.</p><p> This method uses the explosive segment on the opposite side of the first explosive segment and its explosive segment when the desired deployment direction is aligned between the first sensitive shield and the center of the first explosive segment. Simultaneously detonates the explosive segment closest to the desired deployment direction adjacent to the explosive segment and then the explosive segment adjacent to the explosive segment opposite the first explosive segment farthest from the desired deployment direction and the adjacent adjacent explosive. It can include detonating segments at the same time.</p><p> Other objectives, features, and advantages will be conceived by those skilled in the art from the description of the preferred embodiments below and the accompanying drawings.</p>

In addition to the preferred one or more embodiments disclosed below, other embodiments of the invention are possible and the invention can be carried out or practiced in a variety of ways. As will be appreciated, the application of the present invention is not limited to the details of the structure and arrangement of the components described in the description below or shown in the drawings. If only one embodiment is described herein, the claims of the present invention are not limited to that embodiment. Moreover, the claims of the present invention should not be construed in a limited manner unless there is a clear and convincing statement indicating a definite exclusion, restriction, or waiver.

This kinetic energy rod warhead design allows multiple rods to be aimed, but hardware may impose some restrictions on aiming accuracy. The present invention improves the resolution of aiming and enhances the accuracy of aiming regardless of such physical restrictions.

Aimable kinetic energy rod warhead systems and methods of the present invention include multiple rods or projectiles 1510, explosives 1520 for deploying rods 1510, and at least one for detonating explosives 1520, as shown in FIG. It is equipped with a kinetic energy rod warhead 1500 including two detonators 1540. The detonation of the explosive 1520 deploys the projectile 1510. In particular, the shape and configuration of the kinetic energy rod warhead 1500 is not limited to any particular configuration and can include, but is not limited to, the features disclosed in the preceding Patent Document 3.

In one embodiment, the kinetic energy rod warhead 1500 is typically a projectile core 1580, thin plate 1600, although the exact configuration of the kinetic energy rod warhead can be varied depending on the particular desired application or outcome to be achieved. It comprises 1610, and thin aluminum absorbent layers 1612, 1614 around the projectile 1510.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, the explosive 1520 is divided into segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636 arranged around a plurality of rods or projectiles 1510. In one embodiment, the sensitive shields 1631, 1633, 1635 separate the explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636, and the projectile rod 1510 is a long metal cylindrical member. In one embodiment, the rod is made of tungsten and the sensitive shield is made of a composite material such as steel sandwiched between polycarbonate resin sheet layers, but the rod and sensitive shield are not necessarily limited to these shapes or materials and are of desired application. As usual, it may consist of various shapes or materials. There is at least one detonator 1540 per explosive segment (shown for segments 1632 and 1634), and there are multiple detonators 1540a, 1540b shown in 1540', 1540a', and 1540b' in Figure 1. May be good. As shown in Figure 2, additional explosive segments 1638, 1640, 1642, and 1644 are also placed around the projectile rod 1510 along with their associated detonators (not shown) and are sensitive shields 1637, 1639, 1641, 1643. , And 1645. In one variant, each explosive segment is wedge-shaped, with the proximal surface 1650 of the explosive segment 1632 abutting the projectile core 1580 and the distal surface 1652 for weight reduction as shown in 1654 and 1656. It is tapered. Each explosive segment is equipped with a corrugated shaper 1658 as shown in explosive segment 1632. In a manner generally similar to a kinetic energy rod warhead, a missile or other type of transport aircraft 1660, as shown in Figure 3, transports a kinetic energy rod warhead 1500 near a target.

The target detection system 1680 is configured to position targets for explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, 1636, 1638, 1640, 1642, 1644 as shown in FIG. Target detection systems are well known in the art and are usually part of a guided subsystem, such as the guided subsystem 1670, as shown in Figure 3, including, for example, fusing technology, also in the art. It is present in a well-known transport aircraft or missile 1660.

However, according to the present invention, the controller 1690 responds to the target detection system 1680 and at different times depending on the desired deployment direction of the plurality of rods 1510, the specific explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, 1636, 1638 shown in FIG. , 1640, 1642, 1644 are selectively detonated to improve the aiming resolution of the kinetic energy rod warhead 1500. In the embodiments described herein, there are eight explosive segments in the kinetic energy rod warhead 1500. Although this is a preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited to the eight explosive segments. Also in each embodiment and embodiments herein, and in general in the present invention, a thin and fragile hull 1800 usually surrounds explosive segments 1630 to 1642, as shown in FIG.

Target position T for aiming purposes, as shown in Figure 4.₁, T₂, T₃, T₄, And T_YAny target location, such as, can be present for a particular explosive segment. In Figure 4, the target position T₁~ T₄Is in a position associated with explosive segment 1642. The desired deployment direction of rod 1510 is target T₁The direction of the target along the vector 1700 to. In each embodiment of the present specification, the target detection system 1680 as shown in FIG. 3 is the target T.₁, T₂, T₃, T₄The controller 1690 is configured to selectively detonate selected explosive segments, or specific explosive segments, at different times depending on the desired deployment direction, such as positioning targets such as, or other targets. As discussed in more detail below, for some target locations, no aiming issues arise due to the physical constraints of the warhead's hardware configuration. However, for a particular target position, the hardware configuration of the warhead causes aiming errors, which are significantly reduced by the present invention.

In one embodiment, the target detection system 1680 is located at position T aligned with the sensitive shield 1641 as shown in FIG.₁Position the target at. Therefore, the desired deployment direction 1700 of the rod 1510 is aligned with the sensitive shield 1641. Target projectile 1510 T₁There are at least two ways to deploy in the desired deployment direction along the vector 1700 towards.

The first method simultaneously detonates explosive segments 1632 and 1634 adjacent to Sensitive Shield 1633 on the opposite side of Sensitive Shield 1641. The main launch direction of the Penetrator 1510 is Target T₁The desired deployment direction towards is 1700, so the rod projectile 1510 is deployed from the kinetic energy rod warhead 1500 in the direction shown in the figure.

T rod projectile 1510₁The second method of deploying to is to simultaneously detonate four adjacent explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636, including explosive segments 1632 and 1634 adjacent to the sensitive shield 1633.

Therefore, target T₁When aligned with the sensitive shield, there is little aiming error, even considering the physical constraints of the kinetic energy rod warhead.

Target T aligned close to center 1710 of explosive segment 1642₂The desired expansion vector 1720 for a target such as is aligned with the center 1710 of explosive segment 1642. In this case, there are at least two ways to orient the projectile 1510 in the desired deployment direction 1720. The first method detonates explosive segment 1634 on the opposite side of explosive segment 1642. The second method simultaneously detonates the explosive segment 1634 and the explosive segments 1632 and 1636 adjacent to the explosive segment 1634. Whichever method is used to detonate the explosive segment, there is still a small amount of aiming error, regardless of the physical constraints of the kinetic energy rod warhead.

However, the target T aligned between the sensitive shield 1641 and the center 1740 of the explosive segment 1640._YFor the warhead hardware, the most accurate firing options are: a) detonate one explosive segment, i.e. explosive segment 1632, or b) three explosive segments, i.e. explosive segments 1630, 1632, and Limited to detonating 1634 at the same time. Aiming error Φ in all of these launch options_EThat is, 11.125 ° occurs. With these errors, multiple rods 1510 are targeted after detonation for a spray angle of 35 ° at a distance of 5 feet, as shown in Figure 5A._YWill not completely overlap.

However, according to the present invention, these aiming errors caused by the hardware configuration of the warhead are significantly reduced by selectively detonating specific explosive segments at different times. The present invention biases the expansion vector using the time delay between deployments of explosive segments. Target T positioned by target detection system 1680, as shown in Figure 6._YThe desired deployment direction 1730 of the rod 1510 to is aligned between the sensitive shield 1641 and the center 1740 of the explosive segment 1640. The controller 1690 is configured to selectively detonate a particular explosive segment to significantly reduce aiming error and improve aiming resolution. In one embodiment, the controller 1690 is configured to first simultaneously detonate the explosive segment 1632 opposite the explosive segment 1640 and the explosive segment 1630 adjacent to the explosive segment 1632 and closest to the desired deployment direction 1730. To. The controller 1690 is further configured to simultaneously detonate the explosive segment 1634 adjacent to the explosive segment 1632 and farthest from the desired deployment direction 1730, and the next adjacent explosive segment 1636. The time delay between the simultaneous detonation of segments 1630 and 1632 and the subsequent simultaneous detonation of segments 1634 and 1636 may be 8.0 microseconds to 9.0 microseconds, preferably about 8.33 microseconds.

According to the present invention, the rod can be oriented in any desired deployment direction by detonating specific explosive segments at different times. This high-resolution aiming is achieved by a method of combining shock waves with varying explosive segments and their vectors. In this latter embodiment, the explosive segments 1630 and 1632 are first detonated, producing a shock wave 1770, and the expansion vector V indicating the simultaneous detonation of the first two explosive segments 1630 and 1632.₁₂Is generated. After detonation of explosive segments 1630 and 1632, explosive segments 1634 and 1636 are detonated. Simultaneous detonation of explosive segments 1634 and 1636 produces another shock wave 1771, expanding vector V₃₄Is generated. Expansion vector V₁₂And V₃₄Vector V where the sum of is the direction in which multiple rods 1510 move_dIs obtained. More specifically, the direction V in which the center 1775 of the plurality of rods 1510 is in the same direction as the desired deployment direction 1730._dMove to. Therefore, the resolution of aiming is greatly improved. Angle θ_YObtained vector V, for example, if explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636 were detonated simultaneously with no time lag rather than different times._dIs the difference between and the movement direction 1700 of multiple rods 1510.

In the other embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the target T positioned by the target detection system 1680._ZAlso aligned between the Sensitive Shield 1641 and the center 1740 of the explosive segment 1640. But target T_ZIs the target T in Figure 5_YAligned closer to the sensitive shield 1641 and at an angle θ_YIs the angle θ in Fig. 7._ZGreater than Again, in the present invention, a time difference is provided to bias the expansion vector and improve the aiming resolution.

In this embodiment, controller 1680 is configured to sequentially detonate explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636. The controller 1690 is configured to first detonate the explosive segment 1630, which is closest to the desired deployment direction 1780 and adjacent to the explosive segment 1632, which is opposite the explosive segment 1640. The explosive segment 1632 facing segment 1640 is then detonated. The explosive segment 1634, which is farthest from the desired deployment direction 1780 and is adjacent to the explosive segment 1632, is then detonated. The next adjacent explosive segment 1636 is finally detonated. The time between detonations can be adjusted by the exact location of a particular target. In one embodiment, the time between sequential detonations of each explosive segment 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636 is approximately 4 microseconds.

In summary, the explosive segment 1630 is first detonated, producing a shock wave 1779 and the expansion vector V.₁Is generated. The explosive segment 1632 is then detonated, producing a shock wave 1781 and the expansion vector V.₂Is generated. After that, the explosive segment 1634 was detonated, a shock wave 1783 was generated, and the expansion vector V₃Is generated. Explosive segment 1636 was finally detonated, producing a shock wave 1785 and expansion vector V₄Is generated. Expansion vector V₁And V₂, V₃And V₄Vector V where the sum of is the direction in which the plurality of rods 1510, specifically the centers 1775 of the plurality of rods 1510, move._RCan be obtained. Obtained vector V_RThe direction of is the same as the desired deployment direction 1780. After all, the aiming error is greatly reduced. Angle θ_ZIs the resulting vector V_RAnd, for example, the difference between the explosive segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636 in the direction of movement of multiple rods 1510 when they are detonated at the same time without any time lag. After all, θ in Fig. 6_YAnd θ in Fig. 7_ZThe difference is between a) detonating segments 1630 and 1632 at the same time and then detonating segments 1634 and 1636 at the same time, and b) detonating segments 1630, 1632, 1634, and 1636 in sequence. Is.

In a similar manner, targets located between the center of any sensitive shield and any explosive segment can be more accurately targeted. For example, the target is between the sensitive shield 1641 shown in Figure 7 and the center 1711 of the explosive segment 1642, T shown in Figure 7._AIf present in, explosive segments 1634 and 1636 can be detonated at the same time, followed by segments 1632 and 1630 at the same time. Alternatively, explosive segment 1636 can be detonated first, then explosive segment 1634, then 1632, then 1630.

In the present invention, the time between detonation of any explosive segment is not limited and can be adjusted according to the location of a particular target and the desired deployment direction. By using various time differences, the direction of the expansion vector, the resulting expansion vector, can be adjusted for any desired expansion direction and / or target position.

Therefore, by detonating a particular explosive segment in a timed combination according to the present invention, the resolution of aiming is improved, and the rod penetrator of the aimable kinetic energy rod warhead of the present invention is more accurately propelled toward the target. Therefore, the overall fatality probability and lethality are increased.

Specific features of the invention are shown in some drawings and not otherwise, but this is for convenience only and each feature can be combined with any or all other features according to the invention. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and "with" as used herein should be broadly and comprehensively construed, and which physics. It is not limited to the mutual relationship. Moreover, all embodiments disclosed in this application should not be construed as the only possible embodiment. Those skilled in the art will come up with other embodiments, but they are within the scope of the appended claims.

Moreover, none of the amendments presented during the filing of the patent application for this patent is a waiver of any element of the claims presented in the filed application. That is, one of ordinary skill in the art cannot of course expect a draft of the claims that literally includes all possible equivalents. Many equivalents are unpredictable at the time of modification, and what should be abandoned (if any) are beyond the fair interpretation, and the underlying reason for modification has little to do with many equivalents. There are many other reasons that are only and / or the applicant cannot be expected to describe some fictitious alternatives in any of the modified elements of the claims.

<figref num="1">It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows one Example of the kinetic energy rod warhead by this invention.</figref><figref num="2">It is a schematic three-dimensional partial detailed view which shows the kinetic energy rod warhead of FIG.</figref><figref num="3">It is the schematic which shows the control device and the target detection system by this invention.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a kinetic energy rod warhead of eight segments according to the present invention.</figref><figref num="5">It is a schematic diagram which shows the spray pattern of a specific kinetic energy rod warhead.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a kinetic energy rod warhead of eight segments according to the present invention.</figref><figref num="7">FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a kinetic energy rod warhead of eight segments according to the present invention.</figref>

Code description

1500 kinetic energy rod warhead 1510 rod, projectile 1520 Explosive 1540 Detonator 1580 core 1600 thin plate 1610 thin plate 1612 Thin aluminum absorbent layer 1614 Thin aluminum absorbent layer 1630 Explosives segment 1631 Sensitive Shield 1632 Explosives segment 1633 Sensitive Shield 1634 Explosives segment 1635 Sensitive Shield 1636 Explosives segment 1637 Sensitive shield 1638 Explosives segment 1639 Sensitive Shield 1640 Explosives segment 1641 Sensitive Shield 1642 Explosives segment 1643 Sensitive Shield 1644 Explosive segment 1645 Sensitive Shield 1650 Proximal surface 1652 Distal surface 1658 Waveform shaper 1660 transport plane 1670 Induction subsystem 1680 Target detection system 1690 controller 1700 Deployment direction 1710 Center of explosives segment 1711 Center of explosives segment 1720 Deployment direction 1730 Deployment direction 1740 Center for explosives segment 1770 shock wave 1771 shock wave 1775 rod center 1779 shock wave 1780 Deployment direction 1781 shock wave 1783 shock wave 1785 shock wave