Shared functional block multi-mode multi-band communication transceivers
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41 claims: 2 independent, 39 dependent
- 1制御可能な発振器と、 多重チャネル送信機と、 変調器と、 を備えたマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機であって、 前記多重チャネル送信機は、第1の選択可能な伝送パスと、第2の選択可能な伝送パスと、電力増幅器と、を備え、 前記第1の選択可能な伝送パスは、第1の可変利得増幅器を備え、第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を生成するために直接起動型信号伝送方式を使用するように構成され、 前記第2の選択可能な伝送パスは、第2の可変利得増幅器を備え、第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を生成するために直接起動型信号伝送方式を使用するように構成され、 前記電力増幅器は、前記第1の可変利得増幅器及び前記第2の可変利得増幅器に接続され、 前記変調器は、 前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル又は前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの同相成分に対応する第1の低域通過フィルタと、 前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル又は前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの直角分に対応する第2の低域通過フィルタと、 前記第1の可変利得増幅器、前記第2の可変利得増幅器、前記第1の低域通過フィルタ、前記第2の低域通過フィルタ、及び前記制御可能な発振器に接続された変調エレクトロニクスと、 を備えている、マルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 2前記変調エレクトロニクスは、第1のミクサと、第2のミクサと、を備え、 前記第1のミクサ及び前記第2のミクサは、分配器に接続され、 前記第1のミクサ及び前記第2のミクサは、加算器に接続され、 前記加算器は、前記第1の可変利得増幅器及び前記第2の可変利得増幅器に直接接続されている、 請求項1に記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 3前記制御可能な発振器は、電圧制御発振器を含む、請求項1に記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 4前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコルは、広帯域符号分割多元接続(WCDMA)を含む、請求項1に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 5前記電力増幅器と前記第1の可変利得増幅器との間に接続された帯域通過フィルタを更に備えている、請求項4記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 6前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルは、移動体用グローバル・システム(GSM)通信とGSM進化型高速データとの1つを含む、請求項1に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 7第3の選択可能な伝送パスを更に備え、 前記第3の選択可能な伝送パスは、第3の可変利得増幅器を備え、第3の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を生成するように構成され、 前記第3の選択可能な伝送パスは、直接起動型信号伝送方式を使用する、 請求項1に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 8前記第3の多重アクセス通信プロトコルは、パーソナル通信システム(PCS)及びデータ通信システム(DCS)の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 9前記第1の低域通過フィルタと前記変調エレクトロニクスとの間に接続された第4の可変利得増幅器を更に備えている、請求項1記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 10前記第2の低域通過フィルタと前記変調エレクトロニクスとの間に接続された第5の可変利得増幅器を更に備えている、請求項9記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 11モード選択機能を提供するため前記マルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機に接続されたモードセレクタ・エレクトロニクスを更に備えている、請求項1記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 12前記変調器、前記制御可能な発振器、及び前記多重チャネル送信機は、1つの集積回路上に作られている、請求項1記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 13前記第1の選択可能な伝送パスと前記第2の選択可能な伝送パスとの少なくとも1つが、前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル及び前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの少なくとも1つを用いた通信信号を伝送することを可能にする第1のスイッチを更に備えている、請求項1記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 14多重チャネル受信機と、 第2のスイッチと、 を更に備え、 前記多重チャネル受信機は、少なくとも前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル及び前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を受信するように構成され、 前記多重チャネル受信機は、複数の選択可能な受信チャネル構成要素を含み、 前記複数の選択可能な受信チャネル構成要素は、同相データ信号チャネル及び直交データ信号チャネルを形成するように構成された復調器に接続され、 前記第2のスイッチは、前記複数の選択可能な受信チャネル構成要素の少なくとも1つが前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル及び前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの1つを用いた通信信号を受信することができるように、構成されている、 請求項1記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 15前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、受信側可変利得増幅器を含む、請求項14記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 16前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、2次帯域通過フィルタを含む、請求項14記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 17前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、少なくとも1つの更なる帯域通過フィルタを含む、請求項14記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 18前記少なくとも1つの更なる帯域通過フィルタは、2より大きいフィルタ次数を有する、請求項17記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 19前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、直接結合されたオフセット・コレクタを含む、請求項14記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 20前記直接結合されたオフセット・コレクタは、サンプル/ホールド回路を含む、請求項19記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 21前記直接結合されたオフセット・コレクタは、連続サーボループを含む、請求項19記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 22制御可能な発振器と、 多重チャネル送信機と、 変調器と、 を備えたマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機であって、 前記多重チャネル送信機は、第1の選択可能な伝送パスと、第2の選択可能な伝送パスと、電力増幅器と、を備え、 前記第1の選択可能な伝送パスは、直列接続された第1の可変利得増幅器と第2の可変利得増幅器を備え、第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を生成するために直接起動型信号伝送方式を使用するように構成され、 前記第2の選択可能な伝送パスは、第3の可変利得増幅器を備え、第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を生成するために直接起動型信号伝送方式を使用するように構成され、 前記電力増幅器は、前記第1の可変利得増幅器及び前記第2の可変利得増幅器に接続され、 前記変調器は、 前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの同相成分に対応する第1の低域通過フィルタと、 前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの同相成分に対応する第2の低域通過フィルタと、 前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの直角分に対応する第3の低域通過フィルタと、 前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの直角分に対応する第4の低域通過フィルタと、 前記第1の可変利得増幅器、前記第3の可変利得増幅器、前記第1の低域通過フィルタ、前記第2の低域通過フィルタ、前記第3の低域通過フィルタ、前記第4の低域通過フィルタ、及び前記制御可能な発振器に接続された変調エレクトロニクスと、 を備えている、マルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 23前記変調エレクトロニクスは、第1のミクサと、第2のミクサと、を備え、 前記第1のミクサ及び前記第2のミクサは、第1の分配器に接続され、 前記第1のミクサ及び前記第2のミクサはそれぞれ、前記第2の低域通過フィルタ及び前記第4の低域通過フィルタに接続され、 前記第1のミクサ及び前記第2のミクサは、第1の加算器に接続され、 前記第1の加算器は、前記第3の可変利得増幅器に直接接続されている、 請求項22に記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 24前記変調エレクトロニクスは、第3のミクサと、第4のミクサと、を備え、 前記第3のミクサ及び前記第4のミクサはそれぞれ、前記第1の低域通過フィルタ及び前記第3の低域通過フィルタに接続され、 前記第3のミクサ及び前記第4のミクサは、第2の分配器に接続され、 前記第2の分配器は、前記第1の分配器と前記制御可能な発信器に接続され、 前記第4のミクサは、第2の加算器に接続され、 前記第2の加算器は、前記第1の可変利得増幅器に直接接続されている、 請求項23に記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 25前記制御可能な発振器は、電圧制御発振器を含む、請求項22に記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 26前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコルは、広帯域符号分割多元接続(WCDMA)を含む、請求項22に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 27前記電力増幅器と前記第2の可変利得増幅器との間に接続された帯域通過フィルタを更に備えている、請求項22記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 28前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルは、移動体用グローバル・システム(GSM)通信とGSM進化型高速データの1つを含む、請求項22に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 29第3の選択可能な伝送パスを更に備え、 前記第3の選択可能な伝送パスは、第4の可変利得増幅器を備え、第3の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を生成するように構成され、 前記第3の選択可能な伝送パスは、直接起動型信号伝送方式を使用する、 請求項22に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 30前記第3の多重アクセス通信プロトコルは、パーソナル通信システム(PCS)及びデータ通信システム(DCS)の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項29に記載のルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 31モード選択機能を提供するため前記マルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機に接続されたモードセレクタ・エレクトロニクスを更に備えている、請求項22記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 32前記変調器、前記制御可能な発振器、及び前記多重チャネル送信機は、1つの集積回路上に作られている、請求項22記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 33前記第1の選択可能な伝送パスと前記第2の選択可能な伝送パスとの少なくとも1つが、前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル及び前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの少なくとも1つを用いた通信信号を伝送することを可能にする第1のスイッチを更に備えている、請求項22記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 34多重チャネル受信機と、 第2のスイッチと、 を更に備え、 前記多重チャネル受信機は、少なくとも前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル及び前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルを用いた無線周波数信号を受信するように構成され、 前記多重チャネル受信機は、複数の選択可能な受信チャネル構成要素を含み、 前記複数の選択可能な受信チャネル構成要素は、同相データ信号チャネル及び直交データ信号チャネルを形成するように構成された復調器に接続され、 前記第2のスイッチは、前記複数の選択可能な受信チャネル構成要素の少なくとも1つが前記第1の多重アクセス通信プロトコル及び前記第2の多重アクセス通信プロトコルの1つを用いた通信信号を受信することができるように、構成されている、 請求項22記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 35前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、受信側可変利得増幅器を含む、請求項34記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 36前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、2次帯域通過フィルタを含む、請求項34記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 37前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、少なくとも1つの更なる帯域通過フィルタを含む、請求項34記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 38前記少なくとも1つの更なる帯域通過フィルタは、2より大きいフィルタ次数を有する、請求項37記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 39前記同相データ信号チャネル及び前記直交データ信号チャネルの各々が、直接結合されたオフセット・コレクタを含む、請求項34記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 40前記直接結合されたオフセット・コレクタは、サンプル/ホールド回路を含む、請求項39記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
- 41前記直接結合されたオフセット・コレクタは、連続サーボループを含む、請求項39記載のマルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機。
Independent claims41
113 paragraphs, as filed
<u style="single">Cross-reference of related applications</u> This application is simultaneously referred to as "Systems and Processes for Shared Functional Block CDMA / GSM Communication Transceivers" (Application No. 09 / 298,315, filed April 23, 1999), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This is a partial continuation of the pending US utility application.
<u style="single">Technical field</u> Shared Function Block Multimode Multiband Transmitters are, in certain embodiments, size, weight, complexity, and power for communication systems that generally use radio frequency (RF) transmitters and receivers (transmitters). The present invention relates to a system and a method for a multi-mode / multi-band code division multiple access (CDMA) and a global system for mobile communication (GSM) communication transmitters and receivers that share a functional block to minimize consumption, cost, and the like.
<u style="single">Conventional technology</u> Minimizing the size, weight, complexity, power consumption, and cost of various electronic devices, especially cellular phones, personal pagers, cordless phones, etc., has become increasingly important. One way to minimize these characteristics is to minimize the number of components and functions required for an electronic device, or to perform many functions using the same components. is there. However, personal communication devices such as cellular telephones often require complex circuit configurations with a large number of power inefficient components to perform a particular function. This is especially true in modern cellular communications, where several different communications standards are used worldwide and adaptive cellular phones that operate under multiple communications standards are consumed. Extremely desirable from the standpoint of consumer and manufacturing.
For example, the GSM communication standard is a global mode of digital cellular communication that operates over three different frequency bands. The GSM-900 operates in the 900MHz frequency band and is currently in use in Europe and Asia. Data communication systems (DCS) is another digital cellular standard based on GSM technology, operating in the 1800MHz frequency band and currently in use in Europe and Asia. The United States uses a third digital cellular standard similar to DCS as a personal communication system (PCS), which operates within the 1900MHz band. GSM is currently in use in approximately 154 countries, including North Africa, India, China, European countries, Middle East countries, and the geographic areas of Taiwan.
However, GSM is not the only mode of cellular communication. CDMA is another mode of digital cellular that operates in either the 900MHz or 1900MHz band. CDMA is one of the most widely used cellular communication modes in the United States and the most widely used cellular communication mode in South Korea. CDMA is also used in China, India, and Taiwan.
With improved voice and data communications, as well as the political situation continuing to expand the global market, the "World Telephone", which can operate in many different countries, is of interest to international business travelers. is there. Multi-mode / multi-band mobile phones with shared functionality and optimized architectures that can operate under all of these standards offer widespread applicability to consumers and are commonly designed by manufacturers. Will be able to benefit from the cost efficiency of.
However, multi-mode / multi-band cellular phones such as composite CDMA / GSM phones present a number of design challenges. Traditional single-band transmitters generally require two separate frequencies: a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) for modulation and a variable radio frequency (RF) for up-conversion. Traditional single-band receivers also generally require two separate frequencies: a variable radio frequency (RF) for down conversion and a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) for demodulation. As such, single-band mobile phones can require as many as four different frequency sources. The reason CDMA / GSM multi-band and multi-mode cellular phones exacerbate the problem is that the modulation, up-conversion, down-conversion, and demodulation processes for each band and mode can operate at different frequencies and different amplitudes. Is. In addition, the frequencies and amplitudes used by each band and mode may require different filters and amplifiers for the transmit and receive functions of each band. Therefore, the design challenges of manufacturing mobile phones with minimal size, weight, complexity, power consumption, and cost are solved by multi-mode / multi-band cellular phones.
<p> Therefore, the purpose of the shared functional block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver embodiment is to share functional blocks to minimize size, weight, complexity, power consumption, and cost. It is to provide a system and a process for a transmitter / receiver for band communication.</p>
<p> Some embodiments include a communication system for communicating CDMA and GSM transmit and receive RF information signals via one or more antennas. This communication system consists of a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, and at least one antenna. The transmission unit modulates the transmission baseband information signal and up-converts it to generate a CDMA transmission RF information signal and a GSM transmission RF information signal. The receiving unit downconverts and demodulates the CDMA received RF information signal and the GSM received RF information signal to generate a received baseband information signal. One or more antennas transmit CDMA transmit RF information signals and GSM transmit RF information signals and are coupled to transmit and receive units for receiving CDMA receive RF information signals and GSM receive RF information signals.</p><p> The transmit unit includes a modulator for modulating the transmit IF local oscillator frequency (LO) with the transmit baseband information signal to generate the transmit IF information signal. This transmission unit up-converts the transmission IF information signal by the GSM transmission RF / LO to generate the GSM transmission RF information signal, and up-converts the transmission IF information signal by the CDMA transmission RF / LO to generate the CDMA transmission RF information signal. It also includes multiple upconverters to generate.</p><p> The receiving unit down-converts the CDMA received RF information signal by the receiving RF / LO to generate the received IF information signal, and down-converts the GSM received RF information signal by the receiving RF / LO to generate the received IF information signal. Includes a down converter. This receiving unit further includes a demodulator for demodulating the received IF information signal having the received IF / LO to generate a received baseband information signal.</p><p> To amplify the transmit IF information signal, a transmit IF variable gain amplifier is connected between the modulator and the plurality of upconverters. Multiple upconverters have a conversion loop for up-converting the transmit IF information signal by GSM transmit RF / LO, and an upconverter mixer for up-converting the transmit IF information signal by CDMA transmit RF / LO. Includes.</p><p> The conversion loop or offset PLL is suitable for up-converting IF signals for fixed envelope modulation schemes such as GSM. However, these up-conversion schemes are modulation schemes with fixed enclosures, such as wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) and GSM advanced high speed data (EDGE), and 2.5GHZ extensions for GSM / general line radio service (GPRS) systems. Not applicable for communication protocols that do not use. We propose a direct start (direct launch) transmission method to implement a multi-mode multi-band transmitter / receiver compatible with the multiplex communication standard.</p><p> These and other objectives, features, and advantages of embodiments of a shared functional block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, as used in the drawings and the appended claims, are the embodiments of the invention below. It may be obvious to those skilled in the art from the detailed description of. All of these additional systems, methods, features, and benefits are included in the text of this specification, are within the scope of the transmitter and receiver, and are intended to be protected by the appended claims.</p>
The shared function block multi-mode multi-band transmitter / receiver can be better understood by referring to the attached drawings. The components inside the drawing do not necessarily scale, but instead the emphasis is on clearly illustrating the principle of the transmitter / receiver. Further, in the drawings, similar reference numbers indicate corresponding parts throughout the different drawings.
In the following description of the preferred embodiment, a specific embodiment in which the shared function block multi-mode multi-band transmitter / receiver can be implemented is shown as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings constituting a part thereof. It should be understood that other embodiments can be utilized to make structural changes without departing from the scope of the multimode / multiband communication transmitter / receiver.
Cellular communication systems utilize various different communication standards worldwide and utilize different frequency bands. For example, the GSM communication standard operates on three different bands, namely 900MHz, 1800MHz, and 1900MHz, while the CDMA communication standard operates on two different bands, namely 900MHz and 1900MHz. Adaptable multi-mode / multi-band cellular phones that operate under multiple communication standards offer widespread applicability to consumers and manufacturers benefit from the cost-effectiveness of common designs. To enable.
To achieve a cost-effective design, multi-mode / multi-band cellular phones should minimize size, weight, complexity, and power consumption. Therefore, an embodiment of a shared function block multi-mode multi-band transmitter / receiver relates to a multi-mode multi-band cellular communication transmitter / receiver that shares a frequency source, an amplifier, and a mixer between bands and modes. However, it should be noted that the transmitter / receiver according to the embodiment of the shared function block / multi-mode / multi-band transmitter / receiver is not unique to cellular communication and may be used in various communication electronics including wireless transmission systems and wired systems. I want to. Therefore, embodiments of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver described herein can include various types of communication systems. However, for the sake of brevity of the present disclosure, preferred embodiments described herein include, but are limited to, digital mobile phones, digital cordless phones, digital pagers, and combinations thereof. It is about a personal wireless communication system that never happens. Such a personal communication system generally includes one or more portable or remote receiver and / or transmitter units.
Regardless of the type of communication system, an embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver combines at least two communication modes, namely GSM and CDMA. In CDMA-900, the frequency band is allocated so that the mobile subscriber unit transmits a signal over a transmission band of about 824 to 849 MHz and receives a signal over a reception band of about 869 to 894 MHz. In CDMA-1900, the frequency band is allocated so that the mobile subscriber unit transmits a signal over a transmission band of about 1850 to 1910 MHz and receives a signal over a receive band of about 1930 to 1990 MHz. The CDMA functional blocks used in the embodiments of the shared functional block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver are well understood by those skilled in the art, the American National Standards Institute (TIA) / American National Standards Institute (EIA). ) / Provisional Standards (IS) "CDMA-900" (TIA / EIA / IS-95-A and TIA / EIA / IS-98-A) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) "CDMA-1900" (J) Note that you should follow -STD-018). Such standards are incorporated herein by reference.
GSM is commonly used herein to refer to three different applications of the GSM communication standard: GSM-900, DCS, and PCS. In the GSM-900, the frequency band is allocated so that the mobile subscriber unit transmits a signal over a transmission band between about 890 and 915 MHz and receives a signal over a receive band between about 935 and 960 MHz. The transmission band is divided into 125 channels, each channel separated by 200 kHz. In DCS, the frequency band is allocated so that the mobile subscriber unit transmits the signal over the transmission band between about 1710 and 1785 MHz and receives the signal over the receive band between about 1805 and 1880 MHz. The transmission band is divided into 375 channels, each channel separated by 200 kHz. In the PCS, the frequency band is allocated so that the mobile subscriber unit transmits the signal over the transmission band between about 1850 and 1910 MHz and receives the signal over the receive band between about 1930 and 1990 MHz. The transmission band is divided into 300 channels, each channel separated by 200 kHz. The GSM functional blocks used in embodiments of shared functional blocks, multi-mode, multi-band transmitters and receivers are well understood by those skilled in the art by the European National Standards Institute (ETSI) "GSM-900 and DCS-". It should be noted that 1800 (GSM05.05, GSM11.10-1, and TBR5) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) GSM-1900 (J-STD-007 Vol.0-7) are followed. .. Such standards are incorporated herein by reference.
As described above, the embodiment of the shared function block / multi-mode / multi-band transmitter / receiver includes the following GSM / CDMA combinations. That is, CDMA-900 and GSM-900, CDMA-900 and DCS, CDMA-900 and PCS, CDMA-1900 and GSM-900, CDMA-1900 and DCS, and CDMA-1900 and PCS. However, although the embodiment shown in the figure includes a dual-mode dual-band transmitter / receiver and a 3-mode / 3-band transmitter / receiver, another embodiment of the shared function block / multi-mode / multi-band transmitter / receiver is available. It should be noted that it is assumed. For example, multimode multiband transmitters and receivers include general line radio system (GPRS), GSM advanced high speed data (EDGE), universal mobile telecommunications (UMTS), time division duplex double-broadband code division multiple access, among others. (TDD-WCDMA), TD-SCMA, CDMA2000 as well as various architectures that support the above communication modes can be included. In some of these embodiments, the PCS and DCS transmit / receive paths may include parallel filters to accommodate relatively small frequency deviations between the PCS and DCS.
A general representation of a communication system according to one embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver is shown in FIG. 1, where the transmitter / receiver 10 is a transmit unit coupled for communication on the communication channel 42. Includes 12 and receiving unit 14. The transmission unit 12 includes a modulator 16 coupled to receive a transmission baseband information signal 18 from a signal source (not shown in FIG. 1). In one typical embodiment, the signal source is, for example, a microphone for converting sound waves into electronic signals, and sampling / analog digital for sampling the electronic signals and converting them into digital signals representing sound waves. It may also include converter electronics. In other embodiments, the signal source is a suitable device for generating a digital data signal for communication on channel 42, such as, but not limited to, a keyboard, digital voice encoder, mouse or other user input. It can also include devices, sensors, monitors, test devices, and the like.
The modulator 16 supplies the transmission IF information signal 32 as an output to the transmitter 20. The transmit RF information signal 26 is generated by the transmitter 20 for transmission from the antenna 22. The receiving unit 14 includes a receiver 24 coupled to the antenna 22 and processes the received RF information signal 44. The receiver 24 supplies the modulated reception IF information signal 34 to the demodulator 28, which receives the reception IF information signal 34 and generates the reception baseband information signal 46.
The demodulated reception baseband information signal 46 from the demodulator 28 may be supplied to signal processing electronics, voice generation electronics, and the like depending on the characteristics of use of the transmitter / receiver 10. The transmitting unit 12 and the receiving unit 14 include additional components known in the art, power supplies, and the like for performing signal transmission and reception and for performing other functions specific to the characteristics and applications of the transmitter and receiver 10. Includes.
In a preferred transmitter / receiver embodiment, such as a cellular telephone embodiment or a cordless telephone embodiment, each transmitting unit 12 and receiving unit 14 are configured to function as transmitting and receiving units. In one system embodiment, the transmitting unit 12 and the receiving unit 14 directly transmit and receive signals between them. In other system embodiments, the transmitting unit 12 and the receiving unit 14 communicate via one or more additional transmitter / receiver stations (eg, relay stations, base stations, cell stations (CS), etc.).
As shown in the modulator 16 of FIG. 2, in an embodiment of a digital cellular telephone or cordless telephone system, the transmit baseband information signal 18 is sampled audio (or sound) in the form of baseband I and Q channel signals. ) Signal is supplied to the encoder 36. In one preferred cellular phone embodiment, the encoder 36 is, for example, but not limited to, a π / 4-shift orthogonal phase shift key (QPSK) mapper (eg, π / 4 differential orthogonal phase shift key (DQPSK)) with a differential encoder. )) Is composed of a phase shift key (PSK) encoder, and the shaping filter 38 is composed of a pulse shaping filter for smoothing the encoder output signal. Examples of π / 4D QPSK and pulse shaping electronics are "π / 4-shift QPSK Digital Modulator LSIC for Personal Communication for personal communication terminals. Terminals) (Satoshi Sakata, Kazuhiko Seki, Shuji Kubota, and Shuzo Kato, Proc., 5th IEEE International Symposium on Personal Indoor Mobile Wireless Communication, 1994 (by Tetsu Sakata, Kazuhiko Seki, Shuji Kubota and Shuzo) It is described in a paper entitled Kato, Proc, 5th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 1994)) (incorporated herein by reference). Other preferred embodiments may also use other suitable encoding schemes, including, but not limited to, amplitude shift keying (AMFSK) and frequency shift keying (FSK) schemes.
Each output of the encoder I and Q passes through the shaping filter 38 and then through the frequency conversion and modulation electronics 40, the output of which constitutes the transmit IF information signal 32. The transmit IF information signal 32 is transferred to the transmitter 20 as shown in FIG. 1, which supplies the transmit RF information signal 26 to the antenna 22 for transmission.
The shared function blocks CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 48 according to the embodiment of the shared function block / multimode / multiband transmitter / receiver are shown in FIG. The transmitter / receiver 48 includes the modulator 16 described above with reference to FIG. In the transmission path, the frequency conversion and modulation electronics 40 receives the I and Q outputs of the shaping filter 38, modulates the transmission IF / LO50 at the I and Q outputs, and transmits IF information at the IF carrier frequency. Generate signal 32. The transmit IF / LO50 is generated by a transmit IF / LO frequency generator 52 including a CDMA transmit IF / LO frequency source 54 whose phase is fixed to the reference source 58 by the transmit IF / LO loop electronics 56. In a preferred embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA transmit IF / LO frequency source 54 is a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). However, in other embodiments of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA transmit IF / LO frequency source 54 can be any adjustable frequency source.
The transmit IF information signal 32 is amplified by the transmit IF variable gain amplifier (VGA) 60 in the transmitter 20 which adjusts its gain based on the command received from the base station. Even if a variable gain amplifier is not required for GSM, the power controller is extremely important in CDMA, and thus the transmit IF / VGA60 is shared between the CDMA and GSM receive paths. It should be noted that the transmit IF / VGA60 is provided with variable gain capability to meet CDMA power control requirements.
The output of the transmit IF / VGA60 is split by the first transmit IF power splitter 208 and filtered by the CDMA transmit IF filter 62 in the CDMA-1900 transmission path. The CDMA transmission IF filter 62 filters out the noise generated by the transmission IF / VGA60 in the reception band in order to satisfy the lower limit requirement of the reception band noise. The CDMA transmit IF filter 62 has a center frequency approximately equal to the IF carrier frequency and a bandwidth sufficient to allow the modulated and amplified transmit IF information signal to pass with minimal distortion. The CDMA has a modulation bandwidth of 1.25 MHz, so that the bandwidth of the CDMA transmit IF filter 62 should be at least 1.25 MHz. In a preferred embodiment, the bandwidth of the CDMA transmit IF filter 62 is about 5 MHz. The modulated, amplified and filtered transmit IF information signal is mixed with the CDMA transmit RF LO64 in the CDMA transmit upconverter mixer 66. In a preferred embodiment, the CDMA transmit upconverter mixer 66 produces a difference between the outputs of the CDMA transmit IF filter 62 and the CDMA transmit RF / LO64.
In the embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA transmission RF / LO64 is a CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 whose phase is fixed to the reference source 58 by the CDMA / RF / LO loop electronics 72. Generated by CDMA / RF / LO frequency generator 68 including. In a preferred embodiment, the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 constitutes a VCO. However, in another embodiment, the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 can be any adjustable frequency source.
The output of the CDMA transmit upconverter mixer 66 is filtered by a first CDMA transmit RF filter 74, which includes the CDMA-1900 passband of approximately 1850-1910 MHz in the CDMA-1900 example of FIG. It has a passband and eliminates the spurious frequency generated by the CDMA transmission upconverter mixer 66. The output of the first CDMA transmit RF filter 74 is amplified by the CDMA transmit RF driver amplifier 76. The output of the CDMA transmit RF driver amplifier 76 is filtered by a second CDMA transmit RF filter 78, which includes the CDMA-1900 transmission band of approximately 1850-1910 MHz in the CDMA-1900 example of FIG. It has a passband and filters out noise in the CDMA-1900 receive band generated by the CDMA transmit RF driver amplifier 76. The output of the second CDMA transmit RF filter 78 is amplified by the CDMA transmit RF power amplifier 80 to generate the CDMA transmit RF information signal 26 at a level sufficient to meet the output power requirements at the antenna 22. The CDMA transmit RF information signal 26 is filtered by a transmit / receive switch 82, which has a passband including a CDMA-1900 transmission band of about 1850-1910 MHz in the CDMA-1900 example of FIG. Filter out out-of-band noise generated by the transmit RF power amplifier 80. The output of the transmit / receive switch 82 passes through the mode selection switch 84 in the antenna coupling electronics 86 and is then transmitted by the antenna 22. In another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the mode selection switch 84 may be an RF switch, a register coupler or a transmit / receive selector.
In the CDMA-1900 receive path, the signals from the antenna 22 enter the antenna-coupled electronics 86, where these signals pass the mode selection switch 84 and pass only the CDMA-1900 receive band signal at about 1930-1990 MHz. Filtered by a transmit / receive switch 82 that has a receive passband that is approximately equal to the CDMA-1900 receive band of. The output of the transmission / reception switch 82 is the CDMA reception RF information signal 88.
The CDMA receive RF information signal 88 is amplified by the CDMA receive RF low noise amplifier (LNA) 90. The output of the CDMA receive RF / LNA90 is filtered by the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92. The CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 is a bandpass filter having a passband approximately equal to the CDMA-1900 receive band of about 1930 to 1990 MHz, and is a CDMA receive downconverter mixer 96 with a CDMA receive RF LO94. Filter out image noise generated by the CDMA receive RF LNA90, which may mix and produce unwanted signals in the IF band. In a preferred embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA receive RF / LO94 is generated by a CDMA / RF / LO frequency generator 68 and the CDMA receive downconverter mixer 96 is a CDMA receive RF image. It produces a difference between the output of the removal filter 92 and the CDMA receive RF LO94, which is shown herein as the CDMA receive IF information signal 102. In another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, active image cancellation such as an image removal mixer can also be employed, which is the need for a CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92. It should be noted that
The CDMA receive IF information signal 102 passes through a CDMA receive IF filter 98 having a bandwidth approximately equal to the 1.25 MHz CDMA modulation band, eliminating spurious frequencies generated by the CDMA receive downconverter mixer 96. The output of the CDMA receive IF filter 98 is coupled to the receive IF / VGA100 via the first receive IF switch 206. The reception IF / VGA100 performs variable gain control by adjusting its gain based on the command received from the base station. The output of the received IF / VGA100 is the received IF information signal 34.
The received IF information signal 34 is mixed with the received IF LO116 and demodulated by the frequency conversion / demodulation electronics 104 in the demodulator 28. In the embodiment of the shared function block, multimode, multiband, transmitter / receiver, the receive IF / LO116 includes a CDMA receive IF / LO frequency source 110 whose phase is fixed to the reference source 58 by the receive IF / LO loop electronics 114. Generated by the receive IF / LO frequency generator 112. In a preferred embodiment, the CDMA receive IF / LO frequency source 110 is a VCO. However, in another embodiment, the CDMA receive IF / LO frequency source 110 may be any adjustable frequency source.
The frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104 produces a baseband information signal 120, which is characterized herein as DC or a "close to DC" IF (eg, with a center frequency higher than about 1 MHz). In the CDMA-1900 receive path, these baseband information signals 120 are filtered by the CDMA baseband filter 106 to remove spurious frequencies generated by the frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104. The CDMA baseband filter 106 has a bandwidth of about 1.25 MHz to accommodate the modulation bandwidth of the CDMA receive baseband signal and is a low pass filter or is a low pass filter if the receive baseband signal is DC. , If the received baseband signal is close to DC, it may be a bandpass filter. The filtered and demodulated received baseband signal is processed by the quantizer 108, which produces each output 122 of I and Q of CDMA. In a preferred embodiment, the quantizer 108 is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
The GSM-900 transmission path shares the modulator 16 and transmission IF / VGA60 with the CDMA-1900 transmission path. However, the transmit IF / LO50 used by the frequency conversion / modulation electronics 40 to generate the transmit IF information signal 32 is generated by the GSM transmit IF / LO frequency source 126 in the transmit IF / LO frequency generator 52. .. The GSM transmit IF / LO frequency source 126 is coupled in parallel with the CDMA transmit IF / LO frequency source 54, and the transmit IF / LO loop electronics 56 fixes the phase to the reference source 58.
The GSM-900 transmission path branches off from the CDMA-1900 transmission path at the output of the transmit IF / VGA60, the output of the transmit IF / VGA60 is split by the first transmit IF power splitter 208 and filtered by the GSM transmit IF filter 128. Then, the filter removes the noise in the GSM reception band generated by the transmission IF / VGA60 with the filter in order to satisfy the lower limit requirement of the reception band noise. The GSM transmit IF filter 128 has a center frequency approximately equal to the IF carrier frequency and a bandwidth sufficient to allow the modulated and amplified transmit IF information signal to pass with minimal distortion. The GSM has a modulation bandwidth of 200 kHz, so the bandwidth of the GSM transmit IF filter 128 should be at least 200 kHz. In a preferred embodiment, the bandwidth of the GSM transmit IF filter 128 is about 1 MHz.
In a preferred embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the output of the GSM transmit IF filter 128 is up-converted by the conversion loop 130. In a further preferred embodiment, the conversion loop 130 includes a GSM / VCO 132 coupled to the conversion loop mixer 134 and phase-fixed to the GSM transmit RF / LO 136 to generate a GSM / RF carrier frequency. The conversion loop 130 operates like a tracking filter with the frequency of GSM / VCO132 as the center frequency.
In the embodiment of the shared function block, multimode, multiband, transmitter / receiver, the GSM transmit RF / LO136 is the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 whose phase is fixed to the reference source 58 by the GSM / RF / LO loop electronics 142. Generated by the GSM / RF / LO frequency generator 138 including. In a preferred embodiment, the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 comprises a VCO. However, in another embodiment, the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 may be any adjustable frequency source.
In a preferred embodiment, the transform loop mixer 134 produces a difference between GSM VCO 132 and GSM transmit RF LO 136. The conversion loop 130 further determines the phase difference between the outputs of the feedback filter 144, the feedback filter 144, and the GSM transmit IF filter 128 for filtering the output of the conversion loop mixer 134 to remove mixer noise. The current pulse from the phase detector 146, the charge pump 148 for source or sink the current according to the phase difference output of the phase detector 146, and the charge pump 148 are integrated, and the control voltage 152 is applied to the GSM / VCO 132. Includes a loop filter 150 for supplying.
The modulated and up-converted output of the GSM VCO 132 is amplified by the GSM transmit RF power amplifier 154 to generate a level of GSM transmit RF information signal sufficient to meet the output power requirements of the antenna 22. The output of the GSM transmit RF power amplifier 154 is then filtered by the GSM transmit RF filter 156, which in the GSM-900 example of FIG. 3 has a transmission pass region that includes a GSM-900 transmission band of approximately 890 to 915 MHz. Filters out-of-band noise generated by the GSM transmit RF power amplifier 154. The output of the GSM transmit RF filter 156 is referred to herein as the GSM transmit RF information signal 204, but the output passes through the transmit / receive switch 158 and the mode select switch 84 within the antenna coupled electronics 86. After that, it is transmitted by the antenna 22. In other embodiments of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the transmit / receive switch 158 may be an RF switch, a register combiner or a transmit / receive switch.
A transmission / reception switch with a large insertion loss, such as that used in a CDMA transmission path, because the conversion loop 130 in the GSM transmission path produces a relatively clean (minimum out-of-band noise) signal from the GSM / VCO 132. It should be noted that there is no need for. Eliminating the transmit / receive switch makes it possible to use a low power GSM transmit RF power amplifier, resulting in considerable labor savings in the communication transmitter / receiver. The CDMA transmission path cannot use a conversion loop because the conversion loop cannot track and monitor the amplitude information present in the CDMA offset QPSK (OQPSK) signal.
Despite the advantages of using a conversion loop, in other embodiments of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the conversion loop 130 is replaced with an upconverter mixer as in the CDMA transmission path. You can also do it. In such an embodiment, the transmit / receive switch 158 can also be replaced with a transmit / receive switch to filter out-of-band noise generated by the GSM transmit RF power amplifier 154.
In the GSM-900 receive path, the signals from the antenna 22 enter the antenna coupling electronics 86, which pass through the mode selection switch 84 and the transmit / receive switch 158. The output of the transmit / receive switch 158 is a GSM receive RF information signal 162, which has a receive band approximately equal to the GSM-900 receive band of about 935 to 960 MHz for passing only the GSM-900 receive band signal. Filtered by preselector filter 164.
The output of the preselector filter 164 is amplified by the GSM receiving RF LNA166. The output of the GSM receive RF / LNA166 is then filtered by the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168. The GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 is a bandpass filter having a bandwidth approximately equal to the GSM-900 receive band of about 935 to 960 MHz, and is mixed with the GSM receive RF LO170 in the GSM receive downconverter mixer 172. Filters out image noise generated by GSM receiving RF / LNA166, which may generate unnecessary signals in the IF band. In a preferred embodiment of a shared function block, multimode, multiband, transmitter / receiver, the GSM receive RF / LO170 is generated by the GSM / RF / LO frequency generator 138 and the GSM receive downconverter mixer 172 is the GSM receive RF. It produces a difference between the outputs of the image removal filter 168 and the GSM receive RF / LO170, which is shown herein as the GSM receive IF information signal 174. In another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver , active image cancellation such as an image removal mixer can also be employed, which eliminates the need for a GSM receive RF image removal filter 168. It should be noted that
The GSM receive IF information signal 174 then passes through a GSM receive IF filter 176, which has a bandwidth approximately equal to the 200 kHz GSM modulation band, and removes the spurious frequencies produced by the GSM receive downconverter mixer 172.
The output of the GSM receive IF filter 176 is then coupled to the receive IF / VGA100 by the first receive IF switch 206 and amplified by the receive IF / VGA100. However, as described above, the output of the CDMA receive IF filter 98 is also coupled to the receive IF / VGA 100 by the first receive IF switch 206. Therefore, the shared receive IF / VGA100 gain, noise figure (NF), and third-order intermodulation intercept point (IIP3) are selected to meet the requirements of both CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 receive paths. Should be. In another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the first receive IF switch 206 may include a switchable off state high impedance buffer amplifier or RF switch.
The received IF information signal 34 is then mixed with the received IF LO116 and demodulated in the demodulator 28 by frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104. Since the IF frequencies of the CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 may be different, the receive IF / LO116 used for GSM demodulation is not generated by the CDMA receive IF / LO frequency source 110. Instead, the receive IF / LO116 as used for GSM demodulation is generated by the GSM receive IF / LO frequency source 160 in parallel with the CDMA receive IF / LO frequency source 110 and referenced by the receive IF / LO loop electronics 114. The phase is fixed to the source 58. In a preferred embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the GSM receive IF LO frequency source 160 is a VCO. However, in another embodiment, the GSM receiving IF / LO frequency source 160 may be an adjustable frequency source.
The frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104 generate the baseband information signal 120. In the GSM-900 receive path, these baseband information signals 120 are filtered by the GSM baseband filter 118 to remove spurious frequencies generated by the frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104. The GSM baseband filter 118 has a bandwidth of about 200 kHz to correspond to the modulation bandwidth of the GSM receive baseband signal, and is a low frequency filter or receives when the receive baseband signal is DC. It may be a bandpass filter when the baseband signal is close to DC. The filtered and demodulated received baseband signal is then processed by the quantizer 108, which produces GSM I and Q output 124. In a preferred embodiment, the quantizer 108 is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
In the embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the mode selector electronics 178 sets the CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 48 for either CDMA or GSM operation. In a preferred embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the mode selector electronics 178 is a processing device that can be automatically set by a remote command or a signal strength measurement received from a base station. .. In other embodiments, the mode selector electronics 178 can also consist of factory programmable logic devices or user configurable logic devices. When the mode selector electronics 178 is set to CDMA operation, the mode selection switch 84 is configured to couple the transmit / receive switch 82 to the antenna 22, and the receive IF / LO frequency generator 112 is the CDMA receive IF / LO frequency. The source 110 is configured to couple to the frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104, and the transmit IF / LO frequency generator 52 is configured to couple the CDMA transmit IF / LO frequency source 54 to the frequency conversion and modulation electronics 40. .. When the mode selector electronics 178 is set to GSM operation, the mode selection switch 84 is configured to couple the transmit / receive switch 158 to the antenna 22, and the receive IF / LO frequency generator 112 is the GSM receive IF / LO frequency. The source 160 is configured to couple to the frequency conversion and demodulation electronics 104, and the transmit IF / LO frequency generator 52 is configured to couple the GSM transmit IF / LO frequency source 126 to the frequency conversion and modulation electronics 40. ..
The embodiment of the above-mentioned shared function block / multimode / multiband transmitter / receiver uses separate CDMA transmission IF / LO frequency source 54 and GSM transmission IF / LO frequency source 126. However, in another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA transmit IF / LO frequency source 54 and the GSM transmit IF / LO frequency source 126 are single adjustable transmit IF / LO. It can also be configured from a frequency source. Similarly, the embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver described above shows separate CDMA receive IF / LO frequency sources 110 and GSM receive IF / LO frequency sources 160. However, in another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA receive IF / LO frequency source 110 and the GSM receive IF / LO frequency source 160 are single adjustable receive IF / LO. It can also be configured from a frequency source.
Furthermore, the embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver described above uses a single CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70. However, in another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 is a separate CDMA receiving RF / LO frequency source and a separate CDMA transmitting RF / LO frequency source. It can also be configured from. Similarly, the embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver described above points to a single GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140. However, in another embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 is a separate GSM receive RF / LO frequency source and a separate GSM transmit RF / LO frequency source. It can also be configured from.
The shared function blocks CDMA-900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 180 according to the embodiment of the shared function block / multimode / multiband transmitter / receiver are shown in FIG. The architecture and operation of the CDMA-900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 180 in FIG. 4 is similar to that of the CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 48 in FIG. 3 except as described below. Referring to FIG. 4, in a preferred embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the CDMA receive RF information signal 88 passes through the variable gain attenuator 182 in the CDMA receive path. Unlike the CDMA-1900 communication standard, which only identifies one composite signal level for inspection, the CDMA-900 communication standard identifies three different composite signals for inspection, thus a variable gain attenuator. The 182 selectively attenuates the received signal to meet the CDMA communication standard cellular receive band intermodulation requirements. However, in another embodiment, attenuation control can also be achieved by selectively bypassing the common receive RF · LNA184, or the common variable gain receive RF · LNA184 of the variable gain attenuator 182. It can also be used instead.
The outputs of the variable gain attenuator 182 in the CDMA receive path and the preselector filter 164 in the GSM receive path are coupled by a first receive RF switch 186, which switches the shared function block multimode multiband transmission and reception. In an alternative embodiment of the machine, it may be an RF switch, an amplifier or transmit gate with high off-state impedance, a register combiner, or a transmit / receive switch. The first receive RF switch 186 makes it possible to use a common receive RF · LNA184 for both CDMA and GSM receive paths. The use of a single, limited frequency range LNA is possible in the CDMA-900 and GSM-900 communication transmitters and receivers 180 because of the similar frequency bands of the CDMA-900 and GSM-900. .. Since the common reception RF / LNA184 is shared between the CDMA-900 and GSM-900 reception paths, the gain, NF, and IIP3 of the common reception RF / LNA184 are the CDMA-900 and GSM-900 reception paths. It should be chosen to meet both requirements. The output of the common receive RF LNA184 is then coupled by a second receive RF switch 188 to either the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 or the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168. In an alternative embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the second receive RF switch 188 may also be an RF switch, an amplifier or transmission gate with high off-state impedance, a register combiner, or a transmit / receive switch. Good.
Each output of the CDMA receive RF image strip filter 92 and the GSM receive RF image strip filter 168 is coupled to the common receive downconverter mixer 190 by a third receive RF switch 192. A third receive RF switch 192 allows the common receive downconverter mixer 190 to be used in both the CDMA and GSM receive paths, the mixer being between the CDMA-900 and GSM-900 receive bands. This is possible because the frequency difference between them is small. Since the common reception downconverter mixer 190 is shared between the reception paths of CDMA-900 and GSM-900, the gain, NF, and IIP3 of the common reception downconverter mixer 190 are CDMA-900 and GSM-900 respectively. It should be selected to meet the requirements of the receiving route. In an alternative embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the third receive RF switch 192 may also be an RF switch, an amplifier or transmission gate with high off-state impedance, a register combiner, or a transmit / receive switch. Good. The downconverter mixer 190 mixes the output of the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 or the output of the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 with the common receive RF LO194.
The common receive RF / LO194 is generated by combining the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 and the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 with the common receive RF / LO power coupler 200. The output of the common receive RF / LO power coupler 200 is approximately equal to the output of the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 or the output of the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 because the mode selector electronics 178 is CDMA. -This is because either the RF / LQ frequency source 70 or the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 is enabled, and neither of them is enabled.
The output of the downconverter mixer 190 is coupled to the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and GSM receive IF filter 176 via a common receive IF power splitter 202, which is combined into the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and GSM receive IF filter 176. On the other hand, signals with almost the same amplitude and phase are distributed. In a preferred embodiment, the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and the GSM receive IF filter 176 are surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters because the SAW filter acts as a high impedance element for out-of-band frequencies. Each output of the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and the GSM receive IF filter 176 is coupled to the receive IF / VGA 100 by the first receive IF switch 206. Since the receiving IF / VGA100 is shared between the receiving paths of CDMA-900 and GSM-900, the gain, NF, and IIP3 of the receiving IF / VGA100 meet the requirements of both receiving paths of CDMA-900 and GSM-900. Should be selected to meet.
When the mode selector electronics 178 is set to CDMA operation, the first receive RF switch 186 is configured to couple the variable gain attenuator 182 to the common receive RF LNA 184, and the second receive RF switch 188 , The common receive RF LNA184 is configured to couple to the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92, and the third receive RF switch 192 joins the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 to the common receive downconverter mixer 190. It is composed of. When the mode selector electronics 178 is set to GSM operation, the first receive RF switch 186 is configured to couple the preselector filter 164 to the common receive RF LNA 184, and the second receive RF switch 188 , The common receive RF LNA184 is configured to couple to the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168, and the third receive RF switch 192 joins the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 to the common receive downconverter mixer 190. It is composed of.
It should also be noted that the RF filters on both the CDMA transmit and receive paths of the CDMA-900 and GSM-900 communication transmitters and receivers 180 have different passbands than those in FIG. The first CDMA transmit RF filter 74, the second CDMA transmit RF filter 78, and the transmit / receive switch 82 have a transmit passband including a CDMA-900 transmit band of about 824-849 MHz. The transmit / receive switch 82 and the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 have a receive passband approximately equal to the CDMA-900 receive band of about 869 to 894 MHz.
The shared function block CDMA-900 and the PCS communication transmitter / receiver 196 according to the embodiment of the shared function block / multimode / multiband transmitter / receiver are shown in FIG. Note that a similar architecture can be applied to the shared function block CDMA-900 and DCS communication transmitter / receiver. The architecture and operation of the CDMA-900 and PCS communication transmitter / receiver 196 in FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. 5 except that the variable gain attenuator 182 is coupled between the transmit / receive switch 82 and the CDMA receiver RF / LNA90 in the CDMA receive path. It is the same as the CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 48 of 3. Since the receive IF / VGA100 is shared by each CDMA-900 and PCS receive path, the shared receive IF / VGA100 gain, NF, and IIP3 are selected to meet the requirements of each CDMA-900 and PCS receive path. Note that it should be done.
It should also be noted that the RF filters in each of the CDMA and GSM transmission and reception paths of the CDMA-900 and PCS communication transmitter / receiver 196 have different passbands than in Figure 3. The first CDMA transmit RF filter 74, the second CDMA transmit RF filter 78, and the transmit / receive switch 82 have a transmission passband including a CDMA-900 transmission band of about 824-849 MHz. The transmit / receive switch 82 and the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 have a receive passband approximately equal to the CDMA-900 receive band of about 869 to 894 MHz. The GSM transmit RF filter 156 has a transmission passband that includes a PCS transmission band of approximately 1850-1910 MHz. The preselector filter 164 and the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 have a receive passband approximately equal to the PCS receive band of approximately 1930 to 1990 MHz.
Further, in an alternative embodiment of the shared function block / multimode / multiband transmitter / receiver in which the PCS communication standard in FIG. 5 is replaced with the DCS communication standard, the GSM transmission RF filter 156 has a DCS transmission band of about 1710 to 1785 MHz. The preselector filter 164 and the GSM receive RF image rejection filter 168 have a receive passband approximately equal to the DCS receive band of about 1805 to 1880 MHz.
The shared function block CDMA-1900 and the PCS communication transmitter / receiver 198 according to the embodiment of the shared function block / multimode / multiband transmitter / receiver are shown in FIG. It should be noted that a similar architecture can be applied to the shared function block CDMA-1900 and DCS communication transmitter / receiver. The architecture and operation of the CDMA-1900 and PCS communication transmitter / receiver 198 in FIG. 6 are the same as those of the CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver 48 in FIG. 3 except for the following. That is, the outputs of the transmit / receive switch 82 in the CDMA receive path and the preselector filter 164 in the GSM receive path are coupled by a first receive RF switch 186, which switch is in an alternative embodiment of the invention. , RF switch, amplifier or transmission gate with high off-state impedance, register combiner, or transmit / receive switch. The first receive RF switch 186 allows the common receive RF · LNA184 to be used in both CDMA and GSM receive paths. It is possible to use a single LNA with a limited frequency range in the CDMA-1900 and the PCS communication transmitter / receiver 198 because the frequency bands of the CDMA-1900 and the PCS are similar. Since the common receive RF / LNA184 is shared between the CDMA-1900 and PCS receive paths, the gain, NF, and IIP3 of the common receive RF / LNA184 should meet the requirements of both the CDMA-1900 and PCS receive paths. Should be selected. The output of the common receive RF / LNA 184 is coupled to either the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 or the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 by the second receive RF switch 188. In an alternative embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the second receive RF switch 188 may also be an RF switch, an amplifier or transmission gate with high off-state impedance, a register combiner, or a transmit / receive switch. Good.
Each output of the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 and the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 is coupled to the common receive downconverter mixer 190 by a third receive RF switch 192. A third receive RF switch 192 allows the common receive downconverter mixer 190 to be used in the CDMA and GSM receive paths, which is the frequency difference between the CDMA-1900 and PCS receive bands. Is possible because it is small. Since the common reception downconverter mixer 190 is shared between the CDMA-1900 and PCS reception paths, the gain, NF, and IIP3 of the common reception downconverter mixer 190 are for both the CDMA-1900 and PCS reception paths. It should be selected to meet the requirements. In an alternative embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver, the third receive RF switch 192 is an RF switch, a high impedance amplifier or transmission gate in the off state, a register combiner, or a transmit / receive switch. It may be. The downconverter mixer 190 mixes either the output of the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 or the output of the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 with the common receive RF LO194.
The common receive RF / LO194 is generated by coupling the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 and the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 to the common receive RF / LO power coupler 200. The output of the common receive RF / LO power coupler 200 is approximately equal to either the output of the CDMA / RF / LO frequency source 70 or the output of the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 because the mode selector electronics 178 is CDMA. -This is because either the RF / LO frequency source 70 or the GSM / RF / LO frequency source 140 is enabled, and neither of them is enabled.
The output of the downconverter mixer 190 is coupled to the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and GSM receive IF filter 176 by a common receive power splitter 202, which is amplitudeed and compared to the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and GSM receive IF filter 176. Distribute signals that are approximately in phase. In a preferred embodiment, the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and the GSM receive IF filter 176 are surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters because the SAW filter acts as a high impedance element for out-of-band frequencies. Each output of the CDMA receive IF filter 98 and the GSM receive IF filter 176 is coupled to the receive IF / VGA 100 by the first receive IF filter 206. Since the receive IF / VGA100 is shared between the CDMA-1900 and PCS receive paths, the gain, NF, and IIP3 of the receive IF / VGA100 should meet the requirements of both the CDMA-1900 and PCS receive paths. Should be selected.
When the mode selector electronics 178 is set to CDMA operation, the first receive RF switch 186 is configured to couple the transmit / receive switch 82 to the common receive RF LNA 184, and the second receive RF switch 188 is The common receive RF LNA184 is configured to couple to the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92, and the third receive RF switch 192 couples the CDMA receive RF image removal filter 92 to the common receive downconverter mixer 190. It is composed. When the mode selector electronics 178 is set to GSM operation, the first receive RF switch 186 is configured to couple the preselector filter 164 to the common receive RF LNA 184, and the second receive RF switch 188 , The common receive RF LNA184 is configured to couple to the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168, and the third receive RF switch 192 joins the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 to the common receive downconverter mixer 190. It is composed of.
It should also be noted that the RF filters in the GSM transmit and receive paths of the CDMA-1900 and PCS communication transmitter / receiver 198 have different passbands than in Figure 3. The GSM transmit RF filter 156 has a transmit passband that includes a PCS transmit band of approximately 1850 to 1910 MHz, and the preselector filter 164 and the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 are approximately equal to the PCS receive band of approximately 1930 to 1990 MHz. It has a reception pass band.
Further, in an alternative embodiment of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver in which the PCS communication standard in FIG. 6 is replaced by the DCS communication standard, the GSM transmit RF filter 156 has a DCS transmit band of approximately 1710 to 1785 MHz. The preselector filter 164 and the GSM receive RF image removal filter 168 have a receive passband approximately equal to the DCS receive band of about 1805 to 1880 MHz.
3 to 6 show an embodiment of a shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver that utilizes modulation to and demodulation from the IF frequency, but in an alternative embodiment, Direct conversion may be performed. In the direct conversion, the received RF information signal is down-converted and demodulated directly to the baseband, the baseband information signal is modulated and directly up-converted to the transmitted RF information signal.
7 to 11 show an embodiment of a shared function block multi-mode multi-band transmitter / receiver that uses a direct activation method for GSM, WCDMA, and EDGE. EDGE and WCDMA use non-fixed envelope modulation schemes such as 3π / 8-PSK and composite QPSK. WCDMA systems use amplifiers with a dynamic range of approximately 90 dB to meet open-loop and closed-loop power control requirements. GSM and EDGE systems use amplifiers with a dynamic range of approximately 30-40 dB. In a directly activated transmitter, the LO frequency is the same as the final RF frequency. To prevent carrier leakage from the VCO to the multiplex transmission signal channel, the VCO can be operated in multiples of even integers of RF frequency (eg, 2x, 4x).
FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment of a multimode transmitter / receiver 10 that uses a direct activation RF signal transmission scheme to form EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, and DCS / PCS compatible signal transmissions. .. As mentioned above, EDGE is a variant of GSM that uses a similar signal transmission method. The transmitter / receiver 10 includes an antenna 22, a switch plexa 86, a transmitter / receiver 82, an on-chip, that is, an integrated transmitter 700 that includes a wide range of elements that are described as being in an integrated circuit, and an off-chip element. Includes. The antenna 22 receives the RF signal and is supplied with the RF signal for transmission via the switch plexa 86. The switchplexer 86 routes the transmit signal to and from the antenna 22 in a controllable manner in response to the control signal supplied through the mode selector electronics 178. When WCDMA signal transmission is required, the transmit / receive switch 82 couples the integrated transmitter 700 to the switchplexer 86. The transmission / reception switch 82 is used to separate both the high frequency and low frequency bands used in the WCDMA communication signal.
The integrated transmitter 700 includes a modulator 16 and a transmitter 20. The modulator 16 is coupled to receive a transmit baseband information signal 18 from a signal source (not shown). The modulator 16 produces an analog signal according to the selected communication protocol (EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, or DCS / PCS, etc.) indicated by the mode selector electronics 178. The signal source 18 is supplied to the modulator 16 as differential common mode and orthogonal signals (I and Q). The I and Q input signals are converted into an analog representation of the digital I and Q signals at their respective digital-to-analog converters (DACs) 36. The converted baseband signal is filtered by the low-pass filter 720. The lowpass filter 720 is switched as required to accommodate the different bandwidths of different communication protocols (eg 100kHz for GSM, 1.92MHz for WCDMA). The filtered data signal is then transferred to the modulation electronics 40. The modulation electronics 40 receives the filtered baseband signal and upconverts the signal to the desired frequency for the selected communication protocol. Modulation electronics 40 upconverts the filtered baseband signal under the control of VCO716, loop filter 710, PLL712, and VCTCXO714. As shown in FIG. 7, the modulation electronics 40 uses one or more distributors to control the mixer to achieve frequency up-conversion. The up-converted signal is then transferred to adder 722, which transfers the coupled RF output signal on output 32 to transmitter 20.
The transmission unit 20 includes a plurality of signal transmission paths. The first RF signal transmission path consists of VGA724 and is designated for EDGE / GSM. The second RF signal transmission path consists of VGA728 and bandpass filter 726 and is designated for SCDMA. The third RF signal transmission line consists of VGA730 and is designated for DCS / PCS. The VGA 724 and VGA 730 specified for EDGE / GSM and DCS / PCS communication modes have a dynamic range of 30 dB. WCDMA power control requirements are achieved by cascading the VGA 728 and power amplifier 740. VGA728 has a dynamic range of 90dB. In an alternative embodiment, 90 dB WCDMA dynamic range can be achieved by different combinations of separate amplifiers with different controllable dynamic ranges. The amplified RF signal in the WCDMA signal transmission path is filtered by the pass-through filter 726 to remove receive band frequencies and other out-of-band frequencies.
Each of the illustrated RF signal transmission paths is coupled to a dual-mode power amplifier 740 and further coupled to a switchplexer 86 and an antenna 22. As shown in FIG. 7, the amplified RF signal in the WCDMA signal transmission path is coupled to the switchplexer 86 via the transmit / receive switch 82. The embodiment of the multi-mode / multi-band transmitter / receiver 10 shown in FIG. 7 shows a transmitter 20 suitable for each operation mode of EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, and DCS / PCS, but other modes (TDD). -WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, CDMA2000, etc.) is not excluded in the transmitter / receiver 10.
FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of a multimode multiband transmitter / receiver 10 that uses a directly activated RF signal transmission scheme to form EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, and DCS / PCS compatible signal transmissions. There is. The transmitter / receiver 10 includes an antenna 22, a switch plexa 86, a transmitter / receiver 82, an on-chip, that is, an integrated transmitter 800 that includes a wide range of elements that are described as being in an integrated circuit, and an off-chip element. Includes. The antenna 22 receives the RF signal and is supplied with the RF signal for transmission via the switchplexer 86. The switchplexer 86 routes the transmit to and receive from the antenna 22 in a controllable manner in response to a control signal supplied through the mode selector electronics 178. When WCDMA signal transmission is required, the transmit / receive switch 82 couples the integrated transmitter 800 to the switchplexer 86. The transmission / reception switch 82 is used to separate both the high frequency and low frequency bands used in the WCDMA communication signal.
The integrated transmitter 800 includes a modulator 16 and a transmitter 20. The modulator 16 is coupled to receive a transmit baseband information signal 18 from a signal source (not shown). The modulator 16 produces an analog signal according to the selected communication protocol (EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, or DCS / PCS, etc.) indicated by the mode selector electronics 178. The signal source 18 is supplied to the modulator 16 as differential in-phase and orthogonal signals (I and Q). Each input signal of I and Q is converted into an analog representation of each signal of digital I and Q in each digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 36. The converted baseband signal is filtered through the GSM lowpass filter 816 when EDGE / GSM signal transmission is required, and the WCDMA lowpass filter 818 when WCDMA signal transmission is required. Filtered through. The EDGE / GSM lowpass filter consists of a bandwidth of 100kHz. The WCDMA low-pass filter is 1. It consists of a bandwidth of 92MHz. The filtered data signal is then transferred to the modulation electronics 40. The modulation electronics 40 receives the filtered baseband signal and upconverts the signal to the desired frequency for the selected communication protocol. The modulation electronics 40 upconverts the filtered baseband signal under the control of the VCO 716, loop filter 710, PLL712, and VCTCXO714. As shown in FIG. 8, the modulation electronics 40 uses one or more distributors to achieve frequency up-conversion. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a separate mixer is provided for each baseband signal of EDGE / GSM and WCDMA. The up-converted signal is then transferred to the individual adders, which transfer the RF output signal to the transmitter 20. EDGE / GSM and DCS / PCS RF signals are supplied by adder 722. The WCDMA RF signal is supplied by adder 822.
The transmission unit 20 includes a plurality of signal transmission paths. The first RF signal transmission path consists of VGA724 and is designated for EDGE / GSM. The second RF signal transmission path consists of VGA730 and is designated for DCS / PCS. The third RF signal transmission path consists of VGA826, VGA828, and a passband filter 726 and is designated for WCDMA. The VGA 724 and VGA 730 specified for each EDGE / GSM and DCS / PCS communication mode have a dynamic range of 30 dB. WCDMA power control requirements are met by cascading the VGA826, VGA828, and power amplifier 740. The combination of VGA826 and VGA828 has a dynamic range of 90 dB. In an alternative embodiment, 90 dB WCDMA dynamic range can be achieved by different combinations of separate amplifiers with different controllable dynamic ranges. The amplified RF signal in the WCDMA signal transmission path is filtered by the pass-through filter 726 to remove receive band frequencies and other out-of-band frequencies.
Each of the illustrated RF signal transmission paths is coupled to a dual-mode power amplifier 740, which is further coupled to a switchplexer 86 and an antenna 22. As shown in FIG. 8, the amplified RF signal in the WCDMA signal transmission path is coupled to the switch plexa 86 via the transmission / reception switch 82.
The transmitter / receiver 10 shown in FIG. 8 includes a two-stage RF driver in the WCDMA signal transmission path to obtain the dynamic range required for WCDMA operation. The implementation of the two-stage driver alleviates the problems associated with achieving the entire 90dB dynamic range with a single amplifier. The transmitter / receiver 10 shown in FIG. 8 is further different from the transmitter / receiver shown in FIG. 7 in that it uses a low pass filter for GSM baseband signals and a low pass filter for WCDMA baseband signals. There is.
FIG. 9 illustrates a second alternative embodiment of multimode multiband transmitter / receiver 10 that uses directly activated RF signal transmission technology to form EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, and DCS / PCS compatible signal transmissions. Shown. The transmitter / receiver 10 includes an antenna 22, a switch plexa 86, a transmitter / receiver 82, an on-chip, that is, an integrated transmitter 900 that includes a wide range of elements that are described as being in an integrated circuit, and an off-chip element. Includes. The antenna 22 receives the RF signal and is supplied with the RF signal for transmission via the switch plexa 86. The switchplexer 86 routes the transmit signal to and from the antenna 22 in a controllable manner in response to the control signal supplied through the mode selector electronics 178. When WCDMA signal transmission is required, the transmit / receive switch 82 couples the integrated transmitter 900 to the switchplexer 86. The transmission / reception switch 82 is used to separate both the high frequency and low frequency bands used in the WCDMA communication signal.
The integrated transmitter 900 includes a modulator 16 and a transmitter 20. The modulator 16 is coupled to receive a transmit baseband information signal 18 from a signal source (not shown). The modulator 16 creates an analog signal according to the selected communication protocol (EDGE / GSM, WCDMA or DCS / PCS, etc.) as indicated by the mode selector electronics 178. The signal source 18 is supplied to the modulator 16 as differential in-phase and orthogonal signals (I and Q). Each input signal of I and Q is converted into an analog representation of each signal of digital I and Q in an individual digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 36. The converted baseband signal is filtered through the low-pass filter 720. The low pass filter 720 has different bandwidths for different communication protocols (eg 100kHz for EDGE / GSM, It will be switched to support WCDMA (1.92MHz). The filtered data signal is then transferred to the VGA922 for amplification and then fed to the input to the modulation electronics 40. The modulation electronics 40 receives the filtered baseband signal and upconverts the signal to the desired frequency for the selected communication protocol. Modulation electronics 40 upconverts the filtered baseband signal under the control of VCO716, loop filter 710, PLL 712, and VCTCXO714. As shown in FIG. 9, the modulation electronics 40 uses one or more distributors to control the mixer to achieve frequency up-conversion. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a shared mixer is provided for each baseband signal of EDGE / GSM and WCDMA. The up-converted signal is then transferred to the adder 722, which transfers the RF output signal to the transmitter 20.
The transmission unit 20 includes a plurality of signal transmission paths. The first RF signal transmission path consists of VGA724 and is designated for EDGE / GSM. The second RF signal transmission path consists of VGA928 and bandpass filter 726 and is designated for WCDMA. The third RF signal transmission line consists of VGA730 and is designated for DCS / PCS. The VGA 724 and VGA 730 specified for each EDGE / GSM and DCS / PCS communication mode have a dynamic range of 30 dB. The power control requirements of WCDMA are met by the combination of VGA922, VGA928, and power amplifier 740 in the modulator 16. The combination of VGA922, VGA928, and power amplifier 740 specifies a dynamic range of 90 dB. The amplified RF signal in the WCDMA signal transmission path is filtered by the pass-through filter 726 to remove receive band frequencies and other out-of-band frequencies.
Each of the illustrated RF signal transmission paths is coupled to a dual-mode power amplifier 740, which is further coupled to a switchplexer 86 and an antenna 22. As shown in FIG. 9, the amplified RF signal in the WCDMA signal transmission path is coupled to the switchplexer 86 via the transmit / receive switch 82.
The transmitter / receiver 10 shown in FIG. 9 shares the role of amplifying the signal between the modulator 16 and the transmitter 20. Higher dynamic range may not be required for EDGE / GSM operating modes, which require an overall dynamic range of around 30 dB, but WCDMA's 90 dB dynamic range is modulator 16 This can be achieved by adding VGA922 to. Note that the largest carrier leak at the output of modulator 16 (eg, 20 dB less than the minimum power signal and about 35 dB less than the maximum power signal) limits the range of amplification that can be supplied by the modulator 16. Should be.
FIG. 10A shows a first embodiment of a multimode transmitter / receiver 10 that receives RF signal transmissions and produces baseband signals for EDGE / GSM, WCDMA, and DCS / PCS compatible communications. The multimode transmitter / receiver 10 supports simultaneous operation of WCDMA / GSM and, when properly configured, can support simultaneous operation of CDMA2000 / GSM.
The transmitter / receiver 10 includes an antenna 22, a switch plexa 86, a transmitter / receiver 82, an on-chip, that is, an integrated transmitter 1000 that includes a wide range of elements that are described as being in an integrated circuit, and an off-chip element. Includes. The antenna 22 receives the RF signal via the switch plexa 86. The switchplexer 86 routes the transmit signal to and from the antenna 22 in a controllable manner in response to the control signal supplied through the mode selector electronics 178. When WCDMA signal transmission is required, the transmit / receive switch 82 couples the integrated transmitter 1000 to the switchplexer 86. The transmission / reception switch 82 is used to separate both the high frequency and low frequency bands used in the WCDMA communication signal.
The remote signal source (not shown) is received by the antenna 22 and coupled to the integrated receiver 1000 via switchplexers 86 and LNA810, 812, and 814. When the transmitter / receiver 10 is operating in WCDMA mode, the received signal transmission is coupled to the integrated receiver 1000 via the transmit / receive switch 82. The received signal transmission is amplified by the LNA810, filtered by the SAW filter 820, and then downconverted in frequency at the receiver 804.
The integrated receiver 1000 includes a receiver 804 and a demodulator 1028. Receiver 804 is coupled to receive RF information signals from one or more low noise amplifiers 810, 812, and 814, each of which can be controlled via individual switches 811, 813, and 815. Can be bypassed to. Switches 811, 813, and 815 are controlled via signals supplied by the mode selector electronics 178. The receiver 804 functions according to the VCO1016, PLL1032, loop filter 710, and VCTCXO714 to downconvert the received RF information signal to generate in-phase and orthogonal information signals. The demodulator 1028 creates a signal according to the RF of the selected communication protocol (EDGE / GSM, WCDMA or DCS / PCS, etc.) indicated by the mode selector electronics 178. The integrated receiver 1000 provides a first receive path designated for processing WCDMA communication signals and a second receive path designated for processing EDGE / GSM and DCS / PCS communication signals. Includes.
The first receive path in the demodulator 1028 includes separate I and non-I signal signal processing paths and Q and non-Q signal signal processing paths. The first received signal processing path has an analog filter 850 and a programmable LNA852 in series, and this series coupling is coupled in parallel with a DC offset collector (DCOC) 1015. Each output of the parallel-coupled filter and amplifier is further filtered by a high-level filter formed through a filter 860, an analog filter 854, a programmable LNA856, and another DCOC1015. Cascade of these elements within the received signal processing path reduces the dynamic range required for the various elements and the noise figure requirements of the individual filters 850, 854, and 860.
The second received signal processing path includes a digital filter 1050 and PGA1052 in series, and this series coupling is coupled in parallel with DCOC1015. Each output of the filters and amplifiers coupled in parallel is further filtered by a high-level filter formed via a digital filter 1060, a digital filter 1054, a PGA1062, and another DCOC1015.
An on-chip digital-to-analog converter (DAC) (not shown) can be preceded in the first received signal processing path to enable analog control signals in the processing of WCDMA signals. Conversely, the second received signal processing path may remain digital for processing EDGE / GSM and DCS / PCS signals.
The down-conversion process performed by the integrated receiver 1000 is typical of direct frequency conversion schemes, so the DC offset should be corrected. DC offset collectors (DCOCs) can be implemented differently for GSM and WCDMA communication protocols. For example, in GSM, a sample / hold circuit can be used to correct the DC offset during idle time, and in WCDMA, a continuous servo loop can be used.
FIG. 10B shows an alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture shown in FIG. 10A. As shown in FIG. 10B, the crystal oscillator 1116 and the loop filter 710 are mounted within the integrated receiver 1000. The crystal oscillator 1116 and loop filter 710 are excluded from the demodulator 1028 of the architecture shown in Figure 10B, but one or both of the crystal oscillator 1116 and loop filter 710 are included inside the demodulator 1028 as needed. Please understand that it is okay. As mentioned above in connection with FIG. 10A, receiver 804 functions according to VCO1016, PLL1032, loop filter 710, and VCTCXO714 to operate one or more desired communication protocols (eg, WCDMA / GSM or CDMA2000 / GSM operation). ), The received RF information signal is down-converted so as to generate the in-phase and orthogonal information signals.
FIG. 10C is a block diagram showing a second alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. 10A. As shown in Figure 10C, DCOC1015 is inserted to correct the DC offset present at each output of the programmable LNA852 in the WCDMA signal path. A second DCOC1015 is inserted in the output of the programmable LNA856. Each DCOC1015 is based on electrical grounding. As further shown in Figure 10C, DCOC1015 is inserted to correct the DC offset present at each output of the programmable LNA1052 in the GSM path of demodulator 1028. A second DCOC1015 is inserted into the output of the programmable LNA1056 to correct the DC offset present in the I and non-I, as well as the Q and non-Q output signals of the demodulator 1028.
FIG. 10D is a block diagram showing a third alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. 10A. In the architecture shown in Figure 10D, the switchplexer 1086 consists of additional frequency filters to transfer the received RF energy to the selectable LNA810, 812, 814, 816, and 818. Each of the LNA810, 812, 814, 816, and 818 can be selectively bypassed by closing the corresponding switches 811, 813, 815, 817, and 819. As further shown in FIG. 10D, the output from the LNA 810 is added to the input of the SAW filter 820 and then transferred to the first downconverter in the receiver 804. The output from the LNA812 and the output from the LNA814 are coupled to form an input to the 850GSM / 900GSM downconverter in receiver 804. The output from the LNA816 and the output from the LNA818 are combined to form an input to the 1800DCS / 1900PCS downconverter in receiver 804. Therefore, the output from LNA812 and the output from LNA814 use a single common downconverter, and the output from LNA816 and the output from LNA818 use a second common downconverter.
Switchplexers 1086 and LNA 810, 812, 814, 816, and 818 are mentioned in relation to specific frequencies and / or communication protocols in various transmitter / receiver architectures (eg, 850 GSM or 850 MHz · GSM, 900 GSM or 900 MHz ·. It should be understood that GSM, 1800DCS or 1800MHz DCS, etc.) are not limited in this way. In other words, the individual elements described above can be modified as needed to support other communication standards, including next-generation cellular communication standards.
FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment of a multimode transmitter / receiver 10 that receives RF signal transmissions and produces baseband signals for EDGE (GSM), WCDMA, and DCS / PCS compatible communications. .. The multimode transmitter / receiver architecture shown in FIG. 11 supports directed (eg, multiplexing) modes for non-simultaneous operation of WCDMA / GSM or CDMA2000 / GSM. The transmitter / receiver 10 includes an antenna 22, a switch plexa 86, a transmitter / receiver 82, an integrated receiver 1100, and an off-chip element. The antenna 22 receives the RF signal via the switch plexa 86. When WCDMA signal transmission is required, the transmit / receive switch 82 couples the integrated receiver 1100 to the switchplexer 86.
A remote signal source (not shown) is received by antenna 22 and coupled to integrated receiver 1100 via switchplexers 86 and LNA810, 812, and 814. When the transmitter / receiver 10 is operating in WCDMA mode, the received signal transmission is coupled to the integrated receiver 1100 via the transmit / receive switch 82. The received signal transmission is amplified by the LNA810, filtered by the SAW filter 820, and then downconverted in frequency at the receiver 804.
The integrated receiver 1100 includes a receiver 804 and a demodulator 1028. Receiver 804 is coupled to receive RF information signals from one or more low noise amplifiers 810, 812, and 814, each of which can be controlled via individual switches 811, 813, and 815. Can be bypassed. Switches 811, 813, and 815 are controlled via signals supplied by the mode selector electronics 178. The receiver 804 functions according to the VCO1016, PLL1032, loop filter 710, and VCTCXO714 to downconvert the received RF information signal to generate in-phase and orthogonal information signals. The demodulator 1028 produces a signal according to the RF of the selected communication protocol (such as EDGE, WCDMA or DCS / PCS) indicated by the mode selector electronics 178. The integrated receiver 1100 includes a common receive path designated for processing WCDMA, EDGE, and DCS / PCS communication signals.
The common reception path in the demodulator 1028 includes separate signal processing paths for I and non-I signals and separate signal processing paths for Q and non-Q signals. The common received signal processing path includes an analog filter 850 and a programmable LNA852 in series, the series coupling of which is coupled in parallel with a DC offset collector (DCOC) 1015. Each output of the parallel-coupled filter and amplifier is further filtered by a high-level filter formed through a filter 860, an analog filter 854, a programmable LNA856, and another DCOC1015. Cascade of these elements within the received signal processing path reduces the dynamic range required for the various elements and the noise figure requirements of the individual filters 850, 854, and 860.
It should be understood that the various improvements shown in Figures 10B, 10C, and 10D above are applicable to the common receiver architecture shown in Figure 11. Therefore, the architecture shown and described in connection with FIG. 11 can be modified to include options for the loop filter 710 and crystal oscillator 1016 to be included within the integrated receiver 1100. In addition, the switch plexa 1086 can be modified to generate additional output signals that can be transferred to properly configured LNA 816s and 818s (shown in Figure 10D). When the LNA816 and 818 are configured to amplify the 1800DCS and 1900PCS signals, the outputs of the LNA816 and 818 are combined into a single downconverter configured to process signals within these frequency bands. Can be applied. Furthermore, the DCOC loop is applicable to the output of various functional elements in the demodulator 1028 as shown in Figure 10D.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a common receiver architecture that supports multimode digital operation of GSM / GPRS / EDGE and UMTS communication protocols in a multimode transmitter / receiver. The transmitter / receiver 10 includes an antenna 22, a switch plexa 1086, a transmitter / receiver 82, an on-chip, that is, an integrated receiver 1000 that includes a wide range of elements that are described as being in an integrated circuit, and an off-chip element. Includes. The antenna 22 receives an RF signal via the switch plexa 1086. The switchplexer 1086 routes both transmit and receive signals to and from the antenna 22 in response to control signals supplied through the mode selector electronics 178. When UMTS signal transmission is required, the transmit / receive switch 82 couples the integrated transmitter 1000 to the switchplexer 1086. The transmission / reception switch 82 is used to separate the high frequency band and the low frequency band used in the UMTS communication signal.
The remote signal source (not shown) is received by the antenna 22 and coupled to the integrated receiver 1000 via the switchplexers 1086 and LNA810, 812, 814, 816, and 817. When the transmitter / receiver 10 is operating in UMTS mode, the received signal transmission is coupled to the integrated receiver 1000 via the transmit / receive switch 82. The received signal transmission is amplified by the LNA810, filtered by the SAW filter 820, and then downconverted in frequency at the receiver 804.
The integrated receiver 1000 includes a receiver 804 and a demodulator 1028. The receiver 804 is coupled to receive RF information signals from one or more low noise amplifiers 810, 812, 814, 816, and 818, each of which is an individual switch 811, 813, 815, A controllable bypass can be formed via 817 and 819. Switches 811, 813, 815, 817 and 819 are controlled via signals supplied by the mode selector electronics 178. The receiver 804 functions according to the VCO1016, PLL1032, loop filter 710, crystal oscillator 1116, and crystal 11114VCTCXO714 to downconvert the received RF information signal to produce in-phase and orthogonal information signals. The demodulator 1028 produces a signal according to the RF of the selective communication protocol (eg, GSM / EDGE / GPRS or UMTS) indicated by the mode selector electronics 178.
The first receive path in the demodulator 1028 forms an in-phase or I signal processing path. The second receive path on the demodulator 1028 forms an orthogonal or Q signal processing path. The first receive path includes an antialiasing filter 1210 and a programmable gain amplifier U (PGA) 1212 in series, which is coupled in parallel with a DC offset collector (DCOC) 1015. The outputs of the filters and amplifiers coupled in parallel are further processed by the ΣΔ Analog-Digital Converter (ADC) 1214. The digitized output of the ΣΔADC1214 is processed by the thinning filter 1216 and then filtered by the finite impulse response (FIR) filter 1218. In some embodiments, the FIR filter 1218 can also include additional signal processing configured to correct the passband attenuation, sometimes referred to as signal droop, brought in by the thinning filter 1216. As shown in FIG. 12, the second reception path is configured in the same manner as the first reception path. Therefore, the second receive path processes the Q signal in the same way that the first receive path processes the I signal.
According to the sampling theorem, a signal can be accurately reconstructed from values sampled at regular intervals as long as it is sampled at a rate that is at least twice the highest frequency present in the signal. Failure to meet this requirement will result in aliasing of higher frequency signal components, which means that these components appear to have frequencies lower than their true values. The anti-aliasing filter 1210 avoids aliasing by applying a low-pass filter to the signal prior to the sampling step to remove frequency components above the "folding" frequency or the Nyquist frequency (half the sampling frequency).
Antialiasing filters reject out-of-band signals. This prevents out-of-band signals from allowing the analog-to-digital converter to saturate at the next element. The antialiasing filter 1210 also attenuates the unwanted signal produced by the sampling clock in the ΣΔ converter. The antialiasing filter 1210 can be implemented using a conventional analog circuit configuration. Alternatively, the antialiasing filter 1210 can also be digitally implemented by sampling the input signal at multiple rates and correcting the signal sampling error. Digital antialiasing filters avoid the noise and drift problems inherent in analog filter circuits.
The programmable gain amplifier 1212 provides variable gain to the output produced by the antialiasing filter 1210. Received signal power can vary significantly in cellular communication systems. Therefore, in both UMTS and GSM / EDGE / GPRS operating modes, signal power tuning can be applied as needed by the programmable gain amplifier 1212.
The power regulated output of the programmable gain amplifier 1212 is then digitized by the ΣΔADC1214, followed by channel selection processing by the thinning filter 1216 and FIR filter 1218. It should be understood that the sampling clock of the ΣΔADC1214 needs to be tuned to meet the bandwidth requirements of each of the various communication protocols.
The DC offset is corrected because the down-conversion process performed by the integrated receiver 1000 is typical of the direct frequency conversion scheme. A direct current offset collector (DCOC) is placed at the output of the programmable gain amplifier 1212. As mentioned above, sample / hold circuits may be used for DC offset correction during idle time zones in GSM, and continuous servo loops may be used for WCDMA.
FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. The architecture shown in Figure 13 uses a high dynamic range ΣΔADC1214 instead of the programmable gain amplifier 1212 to controlably change the I and Q signal power levels.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a second alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. The architecture shown in Figure 14 includes a digital mixer 1630 under the control of oscillator 1610 and phase shifter 1620, and supports low intermediate frequency (IF) GSM operating modes. The adders 1640 and 1650 receive the mixer output and transfer the I and Q signals to the FIR filter 1218.
According to the above description, preferred embodiments of the shared function block multimode multiband transmitter / receiver are frequency sources, amplifiers, downconverters to minimize size, weight, complexity, power consumption, and cost. , And a system for sharing a mixer between a transmitter and a receiver and between bands.
The above description of preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustration and description. It is not intended that this is all-encompassing or that the invention is limited to the detailed forms disclosed. It is intended that the scope of the invention is limited by the appended claims rather than by such detailed description.
<figref num="1">FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system environment suitable for various embodiments of a shared function block / multi-mode / multi-band communication transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="2">FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the modulator of FIG.</figref><figref num="3">FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the shared function block CDMA-1900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the shared function block CDMA-900 and GSM-900 communication transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="5">FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the shared function block CDMA-900 and the PCS communication transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the shared function block CDMA-1900 and the PCS communication transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="7">FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a common transmitter architecture for shared functional blocks GSM, DCS / PCS, and WCDMA communication transmitters and receivers.</figref><figref num="8">FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the common transmitter architecture of FIG.</figref><figref num="9">FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a second alternative embodiment of the common transmitter architecture of FIG.</figref><figref num="10A">FIG. 10A is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a common receiver architecture for simultaneous operation of shared functional blocks of a WCDMA / GSM or CDMA2000 / GSM communication protocol in a single transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="10B">FIG. 10B is a block diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. 10A.</figref><figref num="10C">FIG. 10C is a block diagram showing a second alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. 10A.</figref><figref num="10D">FIG. 10D is a block diagram showing a third alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG. 10A.</figref><figref num="11">FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a common receiver architecture that supports multiplexing (non-simultaneous) operation of GSM / WCDMA or GSM / CDMA2000 communication protocols in a multimode transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="12">FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a common receiver architecture that supports multimode digital operation of GSM / GPRS / EDGE and UMTS communication protocols in a multimode transmitter / receiver.</figref><figref num="13">FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG.</figref><figref num="14">FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a second alternative embodiment of the common receiver architecture of FIG.</figref>
Every citation, both ways
| Document | Relation | Office |
|---|---|---|
| JP2002543658A | Cites | Japan |
| JP2003008454A | Cites | Japan |
| JP2003152588A | Cites | Japan |
| JP10032520A | Cites | Japan |
| WO01071904A1 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |
| JP2002208869A | Cites | Japan |
24 members in 9 offices
Priority claims9
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10444803 | United States of America | – | |
| 44480303 | United States of America | A | |
| 44480303 | United States of America | A | |
| 2004009811 | United States of America | W | |
| 2004009811 | United States of America | W | |
| 2003444803 | – | – | – |
| 2004009811 | – | – | – |
| US20030444803 | – | – | – |
| WO2004US09811 | – | – | – |
Members24
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO0065734A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| TW466838B | Taiwan Province of China | B | |
| KR20020005720A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| EP1175733A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| JP2002543658A | Japan | A | |
| US6584090B1 | United States of America | B1 | |
| US2003193923A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| WO2004107590A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| EP1175733B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| EP1627472A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| AT318022T | Austria | T | |
| ATE318022T1 | Austria | T1 | |
| KR20060025150A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| DE60026020D1 | Germany | D1 | |
| DK1175733T3 | Denmark | T3 | |
| US7092676B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| DE60026020T2 | Germany | T2 | |
| KR100646485B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| JP2007521762A | Japan | A | |
| JP4494650B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP4589331B2This record | Japan | B2 | |
| KR101053136B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| EP1627472A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| EP1627472B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 |
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Numbers
- Publication
- 4589331
- Publication, DOCDB
- 4589331
- Publication, EPODOC
- JP4589331B
- Application
- 2006532358
- Application, DOCDB
- 2006532358
- Application, EPODOC
- JP20060532358
Titles2
- Japanese
- マルチモード・マルチバンド送受信機
- English
- Multi-mode / multi-band transmitter / receiver
Classification
- CPC, 5
- H04B1/006
- H04B1/005
- H04B1/406
- H04B1/707
- H04B1/28
- IPC, 5
- H04B1 40
- H04J1 00
- H04B1 69
- H04B1 707
- H04B7 26