Monorail system
Abstract
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Term
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Expired 5 November 2019, 6.9 years ago.
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17 claims: 6 independent, 11 dependent
- 1頂面幅を有する 本質的に走行方向の平面状の頂面を有する支持体と、 2つのスタビライザ・ガイド・トラックを有するヘッド部を支持する垂直ウェブを有しており、該平面状の頂面に平行にかつ該頂面上に取り付けられており、且つ該平面状の頂面を2つの平行な乗物走行経路に分割する、走行方向のスタビライザ・ガイド・レールと、 該平行な乗物走行経路に収容されており、乗物幅、該乗物走行経路に対して相対的に移動可能な乗物本体、および該乗物本体と該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに移動可能に結合したボギーを有しており、該ボギーが、該乗物本体とボギーとの間のピボット点の周りで独立に回転することができ、且つ少なくとも1つの該乗物走行経路に接触する少なくとも1つの駆動輪を有した、 該頂面幅が乗物幅の1/2以下である、 少なくとも1つの推進される乗物、ならびに 該駆動輪を直接駆動する該ボギーに動作可能にしっかりと固定された直接駆動モータとを備えるモノレール・システム。
- 2走行方向スタビライザ・ガイド・レールがIビームである、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 3前記スタビライザ・ガイド・レールが加熱される、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 4走行経路が加熱される、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 5エア・クッションが乗物をボギーよりも上に支持する、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 6前記スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに取り付けられており、互いに平行に延びると共に該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに平行に延びている、複数の絶縁接触レールの導電部と、 乗物に取り付けられており、且つ電力が該絶縁接触レールの導電部を通って乗物に伝達されるように該絶縁接触レールの導電部と電気的に連絡する少なくとも1つの集電器ヘッドを有している、少なくとも1つの集電器とをさらに含む、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 7前記絶縁接触レールが前記スタビライザ・ガイド・レール上に取り付けられている、請求項6記載のモノレール・システム。
- 8前記スタビライザ・ガイド・レールが、上部フランジおよび下部フランジを有するIビームを含み、該上部フランジがヘッド部を形成し、且つ前記絶縁接触レールが該下部フランジに取り付けられている、請求項6記載のモノレール・システム。
- 9駆動輪が上面を有し、且つ該乗物が該駆動輪の該上面よりも下に位置決めされた水平の床を含む、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 10該駆動輪が上面を有し、該乗物が、該駆動輪の該上面よりも上に位置決めされた水平の床を含む、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 11実質的にヘッド部を囲む安全案内輪フレームと、 該安全案内輪フレームに動作可能にしっかりと固定されており、且つ該ヘッド部に係合している緊急案内輪とをさらに含む、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 12向かい合う2つの端部を有しており、一端でボギーにしっかりと固定されており、且つ反対側の端部にピボット回転可能にしっかりと固定されたサイド・ビーム・ホイールを有しているレバー・アーム組立体と、 支持体にしっかりと固定されており、且つ該支持体に実質的に平行に延び、乗物が案内路に残り且つ走行経路に従うように該サイド・レール・ホイールに係合するための側ばりガイド・レールとをさらに含む、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 13各頂面が、2つのスタビライザ・ガイド・トラックを有するヘッド部を支持する垂直ウェブを有する走行方向のスタビライザ・ガイド・レールを有しており、該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールが、平面状の頂面のそれぞれに平行にかつ該頂面上に取り付けられており、且つ該平面状の頂面を2つの平行な乗物走行経路に分割する、平面状の複数の頂面と、 ある点で交差する該頂面と、 乗物が該点を交差できるようにするために、該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールの回転部が該点を横切って該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに整列できるように該点で支持体にピボット回転可能にしっかりと固定された、該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールの回転部とをさらに含む、請求項1記載のモノレール・システム。
- 14駆動輪がハブを含み、且つモータがハブ内に動作可能にしっかりと固定されている、 頂面幅を有する本質的に走行方向の平面状の頂面を有する支持体と、 2つのスタビライザ・ガイド・トラックを有するヘッド部を支持する垂直ウェブを有しており、該平面状の頂面に平行にかつ該頂面上に取り付けられており、且つ該平面状の頂面を2つの平行な乗物走行経路に分割する、走行方向のスタビライザ・ガイド・レールと、 該平行な乗物走行経路に収容されており、乗物幅、該乗物走行経路に対して相対的に移動可能な乗物本体、および該乗物走行経路と該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに移動可能に結合したボギーを有しており、該ボギーが、該乗物本体と該ボギーとの間のピボット点の周りで独立に回転することができ、且つ少なくとも1つの該乗物走行経路に接触する少なくとも1つの駆動輪を有した、該頂面幅が乗物幅の2分の1以下である、少なくとも1つの推進される乗物と、ならびに 該駆動輪を直接駆動する該ボギーに動作可能にしっかりと固定されたモータとを備えるモノレール・システム。
- 15ハブ内のモータと一体的な歯車ブレーキ組立体をさらに含む、請求項14記載のモノレール・システム。
- 16乗物がターンテーブル取付け装置を含み、且つボギーが、 駆動輪およびモータを支持するターンテーブルと、 該乗物からの横力を該ボギーに伝達するためにピボット点に剛性にしっかりと固定された軸受リングとを含み、 該軸受リングが、該ターンテーブル取付け装置にピボット回転可能にしっかりと固定されている、 頂面幅を有する本質的に走行方向の平面状の頂面を有する支持体と、 2つのスタビライザ・ガイド・トラックを有するヘッド部を支持する垂直ウェブを有しており、該平面状の頂面に平行にかつ該頂面上に取り付けられており、且つ該平面状の頂面を2つの平行な乗物走行経路に分割する、走行方向のスタビライザ・ガイド・レールと、 該平行な乗物走行経路に収容されており、乗物幅、該乗物走行経路に対して相対的に移動可能な乗物本体、および該乗物走行経路と該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに移動可能に結合したボギーを有しており、該ボギーが、該乗物本体と該ボギーとの間のピボット点の周りで独立に回転することができ、且つ少なくとも1つの該乗物走行経路に接触する少なくとも1つの駆動輪を有した、該頂面幅が乗物幅の2分の1以下である、少なくとも1つの推進される乗物と、ならびに 該駆動輪を直接駆動する該ボギーに動作可能にしっかりと固定されたモータとを備えるモノレール・システム。
- 17頂面幅を有する本質的に走行方向の平面状の頂面有する支持体と、 2つのスタビライザ・ガイド・トラックを有するヘッド部を支持する垂直ウェブを有しており、該平面状の頂面に平行にかつ該頂面上に取り付けられており、且つ該平面状の頂面を2つの平行な乗物走行経路に分割する、走行方向のスタビライザ・ガイド・レールと、 該平行な乗物走行経路に収容されており、乗物幅、該乗物走行経路に対して相対的に移動可能な乗物本体、および該乗物走行経路と該スタビライザ・ガイド・レールに移動可能に結合し、該乗物本体との間でピボット点の周りで独立に回転することができ、且つ少なくとも1つの該乗物走行経路に接触する少なくとも1つの駆動輪を有したボギーを有しており、該頂面幅が該乗物幅の2分の1以下である、少なくとも1つの推進される乗物と、並びに 該駆動輪を直接駆動する該ボギーに動作可能にしっかりと固定されたモータとを備え、 該ボギーが、外面を有し、且つ該駆動輪を囲むターンテーブルを含み、該ターンテーブルが該外面で該乗物に回転可能に結合された、モノレール・システム。
Independent claims17
1 paragraph, as filed
[0001] This application claims the priority of U.S. Patent Application No. 09/206792 filed on December 7, 1998, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/107485 filed on November 6, 1998. Is. [0002]<u style="single">Background of the invention</u>The present invention relates to improved monorail passenger and light freight systems, including vehicles, and improved rails for such systems. [0003] Railed vehicle systems, such as monorails, have many benefits, especially in overcrowded urban environments where roads are congested and traditional forms of mass transit, such as buses, must compete for existing modes of transportation and space. .. For example, a dedicated elevated guideway vehicle system operates above the street and is therefore unaffected by traffic congestion. This system provides a fast and convenient way to move people around the city and actually helps alleviate traffic congestion. [0004] However, existing railed elevated vehicle systems have some properties that prevent them from being widely accepted around the world. First, the known support structures used to raise the guideway are heavy and overly large, thus costing a lot to manufacture and install. Such structures are difficult to preassemble in a central manufacturing facility and then easily transported to the final installation location. Therefore, the support structure must be manufactured directly and individually at the site where it is used. The time and cost of manufacturing such a structure is a factor that causes the excessive cost of the elevated rail system. It is also manufactured with a combination of weather, temperature, and environmental fluctuations at each individual support structure manufacturing site, combined with fluctuations associated with the need to continuously move manufacturing equipment to and prepare for each site. It makes it difficult to efficiently adjust the quality and consistency of each support structure. [0005] In addition, known guide rails and trails are prone to accumulation of snow and ice that adversely affect vehicle operation. Similarly, known bogies, vehicle frames, guide rails, and rail-switching devices are complex and expensive to manufacture. [0006] Therefore, it can be uniformly and economically assembled in advance away from the site and easily moved to the installation site, enabling improved stabilizer rail design and bogie design, and improved switching equipment. And there is still a need for a railed vehicle system with improved structural shapes, designs, and materials for rails, vehicles, and vehicle components. [0007]<u style="single">A brief overview of the invention</u>Satisfying the above-mentioned needs is a major subject of the present invention. [0008] The present invention also includes a monorail system having one or more of the following improvements: 1. A monorail transportation system for passengers and light cargo, which is lightweight, economical and enables free-form manufacturing at low cost. 2. Monorail systems with low profile stabilizer guide rails that contact vehicles with independent bogies with electromechanical propulsion / suspension systems, magnetic levitation systems, or linear electric motor systems for propelling vehicles, 3. Monorail system with improved direct drive propulsion system, 4. Pass through at least one longitudinal conductor mounted on the stabilizer guide rail and extending parallel to the stabilizer guide rail and the stabilizer guide rail housed in the stabilizer guide rail. A monorail system with at least one electrical cable extending into a longitudinal conductor, 5. A monorail system, which provides a means of receiving electrical information through conductors within the vehicle of the monorail system, 6. Monorail system with heated guides and / or stabilizer rails, 7. Monorail system with improved route design, guide rail design, and bogie design to facilitate the operation and manufacture of the monorail system. 8. Monorail system with several drive wheel configurations, 9. Monorail system with improved hardware and materials, 10. Monorail system with improved safety features, as well 11. A monorail system with an improved switching device that switches between two or more guide paths. [0009] Therefore, the present invention is: (a) a support means having an essentially planar top surface and (b) It has a vertical web that is parallel to the planar top surface and supports the heads that form the two stabilizer guide tracks mounted on this top surface, parallel to the planar top surface. It has a longitudinal stabilizer guide rail that divides into two vehicle paths, and (c) the vehicle body and at least two independent bogies that are in contact with the vehicle path, and is a stabilizer guide rail. And the bogey can rotate independently around the pivot point between the vehicle body and the bogey, including at least one propelled vehicle and (d) a direct drive propulsion system installed on the vehicle. It provides an improved monorail system with an essentially flat top surface. [0010] Improved vehicle structures and designs, bogie structures and designs, rail structures and designs, and support structures and designs are also disclosed. [0011] The features of the invention that are considered novel are specifically described in the appended claims. However, the invention itself, along with its purpose and advantages, will be best understood by reference to the following description, along with the accompanying drawings. [0012]<u style="single">Detailed description of the invention</u>From FIG. 1, a monorail system according to some aspects of the invention comprising a support structure, a travel path, a guide rail, a railed vehicle, and a device for switching a railed vehicle between at least two travel paths. It is shown in Figure 37. [0013] A. General manufacturing and assembly This specification is published in US Pat. No. 3710727 of Svensson, issued on January 16, 1973, on December 8, 1998, in order to provide comprehensive disclosure without unreasonably lengthening the specification. Svensson's U.S. Patent No. 5845581, Svensson's Provisional U.S. Patent Application No. 60/107485 filed on November 6, 1998, and Svensson's U.S. Patent No. 09 / filed on December 7, 1998. Incorporates issue 206792 by citation. These citations make up most of the details regarding the configuration, installation, and usage of guideways, railed vehicles, switching devices, and so on. The following identifies specific improvements to specific components. In the following, unless otherwise specified, the reference code refers to the element of the same number identified in the incorporated citation. [0014] As will then be seen in FIG. 1, the monorail system of the present invention includes a planar top surface 12 and one or more vehicles 30 traveling on it. The planar top surface 12 may be the top of a concrete slab, or more preferably the top of a longitudinal beam 14. The concrete slab or longitudinal beam 14 may be a single continuous slab or beam, or may consist of a plurality of slabs or longitudinal beams (not shown) whose ends are interconnected by conventional means. be able to. The cross section of the longitudinal beam 14 may be inverted "U" or hollow rectangular or trapezoidal, or may be any other hollow structure forming a planar top surface 12. The present invention is used in tunnel or subway settings at the underground level, or on stanchions using conventional techniques or on elevated beamways above ground supported in a manner as disclosed in US Pat. No. 3710727. Can be adapted to use. [0015] The stabilizer guide rail 18 is mounted on the flat top surface 12 and parallel to the top surface 12. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stabilizer guide rail 18 divides the planar top surface 12 into two parallel vehicle travel paths 20. The stabilizer guide rail 18 is made of a flexible material so that the stabilizer guide rail 18 can be moved from one planar top surface 12 to another as described below. It can be made of rigid or flexible materials, except for areas where it must be. Therefore, the stabilizer guide rail 18 can be made of concrete, steel, aluminum, reinforced fiberglass, hard plastic, or other suitable material. When the stabilizer guide rail 18 is made of concrete, a metal cap or a hard non-metal cap (not shown) is attached on the head, and it depends on the vehicle running on the stabilizer guide rail as described later. Abrasion or cracks can be reduced. [0016] As shown in FIG. 2, the stabilizer guide rail 18 includes a vertical web 22 that supports an upwardly outwardly extending head 24 forming two stabilizer guide tracks 26. The vertical web 22 and head 24 may be hollow as shown in FIG. 2 or may be an improved I-beam as shown in FIG. [0017] The planar top surface 12 is about 4 feet wide in the current scale system, less than half the width of the current scale vehicle 30. The width of the planar top surface 12 is smaller if the monorail system 10 including the vehicle 30 is manufactured on a smaller scale. [0018] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the vehicle 30 consists of a vehicle body 32 and at least one bogie 40. Each bogey 40 has vertical and horizontal pivot points 42 and a bogie frame 44. The vehicle 30 has one of three propulsion systems (ie, electromechanical power, magnetic levitation, or linear motor), each described below. In each case, the vehicle body 32 is located on the bogie frame 44 via the suspension system 46, allowing the bogie 40 to rotate around the pivot 42 independently of each other and independently of the vehicle body. Preferably, the vehicle body 32 includes a vehicle chassis 34 having a slot (not shown) that receives a pivot point 42 for each bogie 40. Pivot point 42 is a shear pin. [0019] As shown in FIG. 2, chassis 34 is also located on a ring-shaped turntable 36 that communicates with the bogie frame 44 via rollers 38, thereby providing additional horizontal stability. The vehicle chassis 34 and the bogie frame 44 can be made of steel material, aluminum material, or fiberglass material. [0020] The vehicle 30 primary suspension system is provided with the propulsion system described below. A secondary vertical suspension is provided by a pair or pairs of vertical springs with left and right restraint devices 46 to keep the vehicle floor at the same level for various passenger or cargo loads. The vertical spring 46 is located between the roller 38 and the bogey frame 44. Preferably, the vertical spring 46 is an auto-leveling, self-expanding air spring. [0021] [0021] B. Electromechanical propulsion suspension system One aspect of the invention includes one or more electric bogies 40 with wheels. As shown in FIG. 2, each bogie 40 can include an axle 48 mounted on the bogie frame 44 and positioned substantially perpendicular to the vehicle travel path 20. A drive wheel assembly 50 with one or more pairs of drive wheels 52 is attached to the axle 48. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, each bogie 40 can include two axles 48 mounted on the bogie frame 44 and positioned substantially perpendicular to the vehicle travel path 20 parallel to each other. Each axle 48 is fitted with one or more drive wheels 52. In both FIGS. 2 and 3, the drive wheels 52 are located inside the bogie frame 44 and are adapted to travel on the vehicle path 20. These drive wheels 52 may be solid, or may be filled with gas or air, or more preferably foam rubber or synthetic rubber. [0022] For vehicles 30 longer than 12 feet, all electromechanical drive bogies 40 should include at least a pair of first and second guide wheels 54 separated by drive wheels 52. For vehicles 30 less than 12 feet, only a pair of guide wheels 54 need to be coupled to each pair of drive wheels 52. [0023] Each guide wheel pair 54 straddles the stabilizer guide rail 18. Each individual guide wheel 54 is attached to the bogie frame 44 by a linkage 56 and is tilted to run along one stabilizer guide track 26. Preferably, the linkage 56 consists of the following components shown in FIG. 2, i.e., two plates 58 and 59 welded to the bogie frame 44, spaced apart from each other, with the tubular extension pointing downwards. A fixing bracket that protrudes inward toward the stabilizer guide rail 18 at an angle of about 30 degrees ± 5 degrees, and a bolt that connects to the fixing bracket plates 58 and 59 at one end and to the guide wheel 54 at the other end. A control type spring 60 between the adjustment lever 62, the fixing bracket plate 58 and the adjustment lever 62, a manual spring adjustment device 64 for controlling the spring 60 and the adjustment lever 62, an automatic adjustment lever 66, and a vibration damper 68. It is a left and right suspension linkage including and. [0024] The spring 60 is preferably a controlled pneumatic spring. By tightening or loosening the spring 60 using the manual spring adjuster 64, the adjustable lever 62 can adjust the amount of pressure the guide wheel 54 exerts on the stabilizer guide track 26. By releasing the spring 60 and the bolt between the adjusting lever 62 and the stabilizer guide wheel 54, the stabilizer guide wheel 54 can be rotated away from the stabilizer guide rail 18 to act. The automatic adjustment lever 66 adjusts the horizontal movement of the stabilizer guide wheel 54 as the stabilizer guide wheel 54 approaches and separates from the curved portion of the stabilizer guide track 26, and stabilizes the linkage 56. [0025] The pressure of the spring-guided guide wheel 54 against the tilted stabilizer guide track 26 risks derailing the vehicle 30 even though it cannot withstand the centrifugal force and wind acting upwards on the moving vehicle. Minimize sex. By pressing the stabilizer guide track 26 on which the guide wheel 54 is inclined, a vertical force component is generated that biases the drive wheel 52 downward and improves the traction between the drive wheel 52 and the vehicle travel path 20. The guide wheel 54 steers the vehicle 30 by causing a small rotation of the bogie 40 independently of the vehicle body 32. [0026] The vibration damper 68 is a pad or cushion around a bolt that connects the fixing bracket plates 58 and 59 to the lever 62. Preferably, the vibration damper 68 is a cubic rubber cushion that is secured between the bracket plates 58 and 59 to dampen vibrations. [0027] In this aspect of the invention, the vehicle is propelled forward by one or more electric traction motors 70, preferably operating on alternating current. In some examples, the traction motor 70 is fixed to only one of the bogies 40, usually the rear bogie 40. For large vehicles, the traction motor 70 is fixed to each bogie 40. When using a single axle 48 with the drive wheels 52 on the bogie 40, a single electric traction motor 70 can be secured to the bogie frame 44, which electric traction motor 70 passes through the gear mechanism 72 to the axle 48. To contact. As shown in FIG. 3, if each bogie 40 contains two axles 48 mounted on the bogie frame 44, then one motor 70 should communicate with one axle 48 through the gear mechanism 72. Two electric traction motors 70 can be fixed to the bogie frame 44. Alternatively, an extendable drive shaft 74 can be coupled between each of the gear mechanisms 72 and each of the electric traction motors 70, and the electric traction motor 70 can be attached to the vehicle floor frame 34 instead of the bogie frame 44. However, the motor can be supported by a bogey mounted on the outside of the bogie frame. [0028] Power for the electric traction motor 70 is housed in a stabilizer guide rail 18 and is obtained through an electrical cable that extends through it. These cables are connected to the insulating contact rail 76 on the stabilizer guide rail. The conductive part of the insulating contact rail 76 can be made of copper, aluminum, or any other suitable conductive material. Two insulated contact rails 76 are mounted on the stabilizer guide rail 18 when two-phase power is desired, and three insulated contact rails 76 are mounted when three-phase power is desired. By using the insulated contact rail 76 instead of the bare contact rail, the spacing between the contact rails 76 can be reduced and the stabilizer guide rail 18 is shortened (to the combined height of the head 24 and web 22). On the other hand, about 360 mm), the operational safety of the monorail system 10 can be improved. [0029] Electric power is taken in by a collector 78 installed on the bogie frame 44 or the vehicle floor frame 34. Preferably, the collector 78 is the double collector shown in FIG. More specifically, FIG. 5 shows the first and second collector heads 80, the first and second collector pivot levers 82, the collector mounting bracket 84, and the first and second collector cables. It is a top view of the double current collector 78 having 86. [0030] The vehicle control communication system (VCCS) consists of a printed circuit assembly that adjusts the position of the vehicle and the generated control functions over the vehicle 30 in response to guideway guidance communication. The system applies, for example, to braking, motor propulsion demand, power loss, speed, temperature, and exit door closure. VCCS acts through a control conduit 90 mounted on the stabilizer guide rail 18. Preferably, the control conduit 90 is insulated and mounted on the stabilizer guide rail 18 opposite the insulating contact rail 76. As shown in FIG. 6, the guideway guidance communication is taken from the control conduit 90 by the guideway guidance communication collector 92 and the communication cable 93. The communication collector 92 is attached to the communication collector hub 94 by a collector arm 96. The communication collector hub 94 is mounted on the bogie frame 44 or the floor frame 34 of the vehicle by mounting arms 94 and brackets 99. [0031] Alternatively, antennas and radio receivers can be used to replace the guideway guided communication collector 92, collector hub 94, collector arm 96, mounting arm, and bracket 99. [0032] Brakes for vehicles with electromechanical bogie 40 (not shown) are mechanical brakes and dynamic brakes. Mechanical brakes are friction drum brakes or double piston calipers that are operated by electric pneumatics. Mechanical brakes work with dynamic brakes to slow down the vehicle from about 5 mph and stop it altogether. Emergency braking is controlled by a pneumatic spring valve held away from the friction brake. [0033] C. Magnetic levitation system In the second aspect of the invention, a bogie 140 that is magnetically levitated and propelled is used. The monorail system 110 can also be adapted to operate by magnetic levitation and propulsion (Maglev technology), as can then be seen in FIG. The general concept of levitating and propelling an object is known, but has not been applied to monorails. See, for example, US Pat. No. 3,841227. [0034] In the Maglev technique of the present invention, the vehicle 130, the vehicle travel path 120, and the vehicle travel route 120 are prevented from causing physical contact between the vehicle 130, the vehicle travel path 120, and the stabilizer guide rail 118 during operation of the vehicle 130. A large number of magnets are used within the stabilizer guide rail 118. [0035] In this second aspect of the monorail system, there are two basic types of magnets: 1. Static magnets 152 and 156 installed and embedded along the two stabilizer guide tracks 126 of the stabilizer guide rail 118 on the planar top surface 112 of the vehicle travel path 120 parallel to each other, as well as 2. Traveling magnets 154 and 156 installed on the bogie frame 144 of vehicle 130. [0036] The stationary magnets 152 and 156 and the traveling magnets 154 and 158 are aligned so as to repel each other during operation of the vehicle 130. Both the stationary magnet and the traveling magnet are coils of conductive materials such as aluminum, titanium, copper, and a combination of titanium and aluminum. [0037] The bogies of the electromechanical aspect described above can be modified to fit the Maglev technique. The drawing part numbers 10 to 44 in FIGS. 1 to 4 correspond to the drawing part numbers 110 to 144 in FIG. 7. [0038] Stabilization, maneuvering, and control of the vehicle 130 is performed by at least first and second travel guide magnets 154 within each bogey, positioned vertically on both sides of the stabilizer guide rail 118 across the bogie frame. .. These travel guide magnets 154 operate with the repulsive stationary magnets 156 housed along the stabilizer guide track 126 of the stabilizer guide rail 118. Overall, these travel guide magnets 154 and stationary guide magnets 156 perform the same functions as the guide wheels of the electromechanical aspect, but among the components of the vehicle 130, directly to the stabilizer guide rail 118 during travel operation. There are no components to touch. [0039] Preferably, each travel guide magnet 154 is attached to the bogie frame 144 through a linkage as in an electromechanical aspect, but each travel guide magnet 154 appears to be aligned along an adjacent stationary guide magnet 156. Can be attached directly to the bogie frame 144. In addition, optimum performance and cost are realized by providing one first traveling guide magnet and one second traveling guide magnet for each bogie frame 144. However, the vehicle 130 works effectively even if an additional travel guide magnet 154 is provided in each bogie frame 144. [0040] The air gap between each travel guide magnet 154 and the corresponding static guide magnet 156 can be significantly varied depending on the installation site without adversely affecting the operation of the vehicle 130. Optimal performance of the monorail is obtained when the distance between the traveling guide magnet 154 and the stationary guide magnet 156 is 5 cm. [0041] Levitation of vehicle 130 is also realized. For optimum performance, at least two travel drive magnets 158 are mounted within each bogie frame 144 over an area occupied by two parallel vehicle travel paths 120. A number of static drive magnets 152, aligned to generate a repulsive force against the corresponding travel drive magnet 158, are mounted along the vehicle travel path 120. Overall, these traveling drive magnets 152 and static drive magnets 158 perform the same functions as the drive wheel assembly of the electromechanical aspect, but among the components of the vehicle 130, the stabilizer guides during the traveling operation of the vehicle 130. -There are no components that come into direct contact with rail 118. The vehicle 130 is propelled and braked by adjusting the repulsive forces of the static drive magnet 156 and the travel drive magnet 158 using conventional techniques. [0042] The patterns and sizes of the quiescent magnets 152 and 156 can be designed and manipulated for maximum power efficiency. For example, the pattern of these magnets may be "figure 8", of titanium, aluminum, copper, or other conductive material attached and cross-connected to the vehicle path 120 on each side of the stabilizer guide rails. It may be a known "null flux" coil. In this configuration, the rectangular traveling drive magnet 158 within each bogie frame includes four superconducting magnets that interact with a "null flux" coil to provide propulsion, levitation, and guidance. [0043] During initial startup or during emergency operation of the Maglev system, the repulsive force between the corresponding static drive magnet 152 and the traveling drive magnet 158 and the repulsive force between the corresponding traveling guide magnet 154 and the stationary guide magnet 156 are the vehicles. It may not be powerful enough to levitate or steer the 130. For such situations, it is desirable to incorporate emergency drive wheels 160 and emergency guide wheels 162 to prevent damage to the vehicle 130, stabilizer guide rails 118, bogie frame, or other components. These emergency drive wheels 160 and emergency guide wheels 162 are made of steel or other rigid metal or alloy and mounted on retractable axles (not shown), stabilizer guide rail head 124 and vehicle body. It is preferable to have a diameter sufficiently large to form a gap with 132. Alternatively, the emergency guide wheel 160 and the emergency drive wheel 162 can be mounted and operated in the same manner as in the electromechanical mode. [0044] The air gap between each traveling drive magnet 158 and the corresponding static drive magnet 152 can be significantly varied depending on the installation site without adversely affecting the operation of the vehicle 130. Optimal performance of the monorail system is obtained when the drive magnets and tolerances are large enough that the distance between these magnets is 6 centimeters during normal driving operation. [0045] The size of the stationary guide magnet 154 and the traveling guide magnet 156 and the stationary driving magnet 152 and the traveling driving magnet 158 depend on the size, weight, and expected load requirements of the vehicle. In general, the drive magnets 152 and 158 should be able to generate a repulsive force equivalent to twice the sum of the expected maximum load and maximum weight of the vehicle 130. The guide magnets 154 and 156 should be able to generate a repulsive force equivalent to twice the expected maximum lateral force, maximum centrifugal force, and maximum wind force acting on the vehicle 130. [0046] To optimize the required electromagnet repulsion, the planar top surface 112 and stabilizer guide rail 118 should be constructed of suitable non-magnetic material. However, the preferred material for the flat top 112 is concrete, and the steel and steel prestressed wires commonly used inside concrete materials should be replaced with suitable non-magnetic materials. Stabilizer guide rails 118 can be made of a variety of non-magnetic materials, including but not limited to concrete and reinforced plastics. [0047] Power to the traveling magnets 154 and 158 as well as the vehicle 130 can be supplied by a variety of methods. For example, an insulating conductor can be mounted on the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 118 as in the electromechanical aspect described above. However, due to the tight tolerances between the traveling magnets 154 and 158 and the stationary magnets 152 and 156, this conductor can be mounted on the stabilizer guide rail 118. Further, in order to reduce the electromagnetic interference between the traveling magnets 154 and 158 and the stationary magnets 152 and 156, the conductor is preferably an electromagnetic conductor. It is also possible to power the vehicle 130 from a battery mounted inside the vehicle 130. [0048] Similarly, control commands can be sent to vehicle 130 in a variety of ways. For example, control commands can be sent to the vehicle through a pair of independent electromagnetic conductors mounted on the top of the stabilizer guide rail 118, similar to the electromagnetic conductors that power the vehicle. Alternatively, an induction control system 192 similar to the vehicle control communication system (VCCS) using the antenna described in the electromechanical aspect can be implemented. [0049] All power cables and control systems 192 required for the stationary magnets in the vehicle path 120 and the stabilizer guide rail 118 are guided from under the vehicle path 120 through the hollow web of the stabilizer guide rail 118 to the magnets. Can be done. [0050] D. Linear induction motor system A third aspect of the present invention includes the use of a linear motor system. See Figure 8. Next, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 8, another aspect of the invention includes the application of a linear motor 270 housed within a bogie frame 244 to propel the vehicle 230. In this aspect, the electrotraction motor of the electromechanical aspect shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is replaced by a linear electric motor 270. [0051] The bogie of the electromechanical aspect described above can be modified to fit the linear motor 270. Drawing part numbers 10 to 66 in FIGS. 1 to 4 correspond to drawing part numbers 210 to 266 in FIG. [0052] The linear motor 270 is probably best understood by imagining a regular motor stator that has been cut, unfolded, and stretched in the length direction. Suitable conductive materials such as copper, aluminum and other materials are positioned next to the spread stator. The alternating current in the spread stator, supplied by conventional techniques, magnetically interacts with the conductive material to generate a moving magnetic field of magnetic force acting on both the stator and the conductive material. By reversing the polarity of this moving magnetic field, the vehicle can be decelerated or stopped. [0053] Propulsion of the vehicle along the vehicle path 220 by positioning the linear motor 270 on the vehicle 230 adjacent to the conductive material contained along the web 222 of the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218. can do. In this aspect, the linear induction motor 270 may be on either side of the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218, or one linear induction motor 270 on each side of the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218. Can be placed. [0054] Alternatively, a series of linear motors can be mounted along the web 222 and the conductive material attached to the bogie 240, or along the bogie frame 244 adjacent to the web 222. In the situation where the linear motor 270 is attached to the web 222, the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218 and the planar top surface 210 can be made of reinforced plastic, fiberglass, or other suitable non-conductive material. [0055] For optimum performance, the distance between the linear motor 270 and the conductive material mounted on the bogey 240 or bogey frame 244 should be no more than 0.5 inches. [0056] In situations where it is desirable to install the linear motor 270 in a bogey, the linear motor 270 should be sized to fit below the left and right suspension linkages 256 and between those linkages 256, adjacent to the web 222. be able to. The linear motor 270 can also be mounted on the bogie frame 244 through a mounting bracket (not shown). [0057] The current to the linear motor 270 can be supplied by various techniques. In situations where there is only one linear motor 270 adjacent to the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218, the insulated power and control conductors are the opposite of the linear motor 270, including the required conductive material of the web 222. Can be positioned to the side. Alternatively, if a linear motor 270 is installed on each side of the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218, the insulated power and control conductors are positioned along the top of the longitudinal stabilizer guide rail head 224. be able to. Also, a longitudinal stabilizer guide rail 218 with an open web 222 can be used. In this case, the insulated power and control conductors can be positioned along the vehicle travel path 220. Also, a rechargeable battery (not shown) positioned within the vehicle 230 can power the linear motor 270 and other auxiliary electrical components. [0058] [0058] Vehicles can be propelled by linear motors installed along stabilizer guide rails and can be magnetically levitated by magnets installed along stabilizer guide tracks in the path. It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is possible to combine each technique with. [0059] E. Switching vehicle routes In another improvement of the present invention, the vehicle 330 can be easily switched between two or more vehicle travel paths 328. See FIGS. 9, 10, and 11. In the present invention, a flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 of a predetermined length is pivotally rotated between two planar top surfaces 306 and 310 to run from one planar traveling top surface 306 to the other planar traveling surface. You can easily switch to the top surface. The switch itself can be constructed and supported using conventional methods, materials, or techniques disclosed in US Pat. No. 3710727. [0060] Next, referring to FIG. 9, an improved switch 302 is disclosed. The system includes an essentially glyphic vehicle path 304 with an essentially planar top surface 306. Each Y-shaped vehicle path 304 is connected to a single planar apex 306 at its foot and to a second planar apex 308 and a third planar apex 310 at its arms. .. One end of the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 is fixedly attached near the foot or base of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304, for example by a pin, while the other end of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. Can move between arms. FIG. 10 shows the flexible stabilizer guide rails 300 at the first position 318 and the second position 320, respectively. [0061] The flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 is a glass reinforced with steel, aluminum, or plastic as long as the material can flex laterally and is strong enough to withstand the forces applied by the passing vehicle. It can be made of fiber or other suitable material. The length of the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 depends on the design speed of the vehicle. Therefore, for higher speeds, a longer flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 is needed. For example, when the vehicle is in the garage and is operating at low speed, the switch may be 25 feet long. [0062] The flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 contains at least one electrical cable that powers at least one continuous longitudinal insulating conductor attached to it. The flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 is electrically connected to a continuous longitudinal insulating conductor attached to the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 at the foot of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. [0063] Each arm of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304 has a stabilizer guide rail 324 with a vertical web (not shown) that supports an upwardly outwardly extending head (not shown) forming two stabilizer guide tracks 326. Including. Each stabilizer guide rail 324 is mounted parallel to and on the Y-shaped vehicle path 304 that divides the planar top surface into two parallel vehicle travel paths 328. Both stabilizer guide rails 324 in the arm of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304 have at least one insulated electrical contact at or near the foot of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. ing. Each stabilizer guide rail 324 has at least one electrical cable that powers at least one continuous longitudinal insulating conductor attached to it. [0064] For each last commanded position on the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300, at least one electrical contact at the moving end of the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 is one of the Y-shaped vehicle paths 304. Align the corresponding contacts on the stabilizer guide rail 324 in the arm and close the electrical circuit. This alignment provides a continuous insulating conductor along the path of the vehicle through the switch. [0065] Of course, this technique of ensuring a continuous electrical connection to the vehicle 330 via a switch can also be used to generate the operation and control signals discussed in the other embodiments described above. .. In addition, the switch components can be made of suitable non-conductive materials or of suitable non-magnetic materials, as needed to allow the aforementioned aspects to work effectively on them. [0066] 9, 10, and 11 disclose an aspect of a switch that moves one end of a flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 between the arms of a Y-shaped vehicle path 304. The flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 has a guide foot configured to be movably inserted into at least one guide slot 332 of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. The guide slot 332 extends between the bifurcated arms of the Y-shaped vehicle path 300 and can be formed by supporting it with a brace or by simply cutting into the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. Preferably, the guide slot 332 and the guide foot are either metal or plastic coated with grease to help the guide foot pass along the guide slot 332. [0067] A drive slot 334 extending through the Y-shaped vehicle path 304 between the bifurcated arms of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304 helps move the end of the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300. The movable end of the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 has a drive foot that is movably housed in the drive slot 334. Preferably, the drive slot 334 and the drive foot may be either metal or plastic coated with grease to help the drive foot pass along the drive slot 334. The drive slot has a narrow opening that extends through the bottom of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. The lever arm 338 is pivotally rotatably attached to the drive foot through a narrow opening on the bottom of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. [0068] The crank motor 340 is mounted under the Y-shaped vehicle path 304 using a support bracket 342. The movement of the crank motor 340 drives both the expandable lever arm 346 and the lever arm 338, thereby causing the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 to be the first on the arm of the Y-shaped vehicle path 304. The expandable lever arm 346 is pivotally mounted on the crank motor 340 and linked to the lever arm 338 so that it moves between the position and the second position on the other arm. .. [0069] Bias the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300 using a driven roller directly connected to the flexible stabilizer guide rail 300, a hydraulic cylinder piston configuration, or other means such as a pulley and pulley drive motor. be able to. [0070] The monorail system of the present invention can be assembled according to various sizes and scales. The "full scale" system can be applied to highways and commuter vehicles (trains) with a large number of passengers per hour. Vehicles for "full-scale" systems are, for example, 30 feet long, 10 feet wide, and even about 10 feet high when measured from the top of the vehicle path to the top of the vehicle roof. Good. The width of the flat top is about 4 feet. [0071] "Half scale" uses light vehicles, light loads, and smaller configurations. The vehicle can be small enough to seat six people. For example, a "half-scale" vehicle is 12 feet long, 5.5 feet wide, and 6 feet high. Several vehicles can be connected in a row. The size of the monorail structure can also be reduced so that the width of the flat top surface is about 30 inches. This size can be applied to industry, shopping centers, recreation and amusement, airports, expositions, and zoos. [0072] When performing rolling motions for different sizes of "full scale" and "half scale" systems, the movable end of the flexible stabilizer guide rail is between the first and second positions. It can be displaced by a small amount, 180 centimeters for a "full scale" vehicle and 115 centimeters for a small "half scale" vehicle. The length of the flexible stabilizer guide rails will determine how fast each of these vehicles can pass through the switch. Flexible stabilizer guide rails should be longer than 75 feet for optimal high speed rolling. [0073] You can also assemble a medium size system. Also, as long as the bogey of the "half-scale" vehicle can act on the stabilizer guide rails that are normally used for the "full-scale" vehicle, the "half-scale" vehicle will be It can be configured to run on the same monorail structure as a "full scale" vehicle. [0074] F. Heated travel paths and guide rails In particular, with reference to FIGS. 2, 4, and 8, the heated travel path and / or guide rails are disclosed. In environments where the monorail system can operate at temperatures below freezing, it may be desirable to heat the travel path and / or guide rails to prevent ice and snow from accumulating on these structures. [0075] Devices that economically heat such paths and rails include fluid pipes 21b (Fig. 2), heat warm-up cables 21a (Fig. 4), or warm-up ducts 21c (Fig. 8) in the travel path 20 and head 24. Includes an embedded heating conduit. A warm-up medium, such as electricity, warm-up fluid, or air, is supplied to the conduit using known methods and devices, preferably via an automated control system, and is activated as needed. [0076] Alternatively, known contact rails 76 and control rails 90 can be modified to transfer heat from those rails and conduits to adjacent areas, thereby warming the travel path and the area around the guide rails. In addition, the longitudinal beam can be thermally insulated to retain the stored or accumulated heat, thereby reducing the potential for snow or ice to accumulate. [0077] G. Alternative bogie design, guide rail design, and drive system configuration With reference to FIG. 12, preferred alternative stabilizer guide rail 400 and bogie configurations are disclosed. This configuration consists of a flat top 12, a longitudinal beam 14, a top stabilizer guide rail 18, vehicle travel path 20, head 401, vertical web 22, Yang pressure wheel travel path 402, stabilizer wheel guide track. 404, stabilizer wheel 408, pressure wheel 410, drive wheel tire 52, collector 28, control conduit 412, monorail and guideway and guide rail centerline 414, bogie frame 416, gearbox and disc brakes Anchor bolt 418 positioned between, motor 420, planetary gearbox 422, disc brake 424, disc brake caliper 426, drive wheel hub 428, wheel hub stud bolt 430, low floor in vehicle Includes 432, seat level 434 above the tires, and drive wheel flange 436. [0078] In particular, the guide rail 400 includes a wide standard flange or I-beam that does not include any additional specific shaped head configurations. The horizontal stabilizer guide wheel 408 operates with respect to the upper end 401 of the web 22 before and after the traction drive wheel. Also, a pair of vertical pressure wheels 410 are positioned between the two pairs of stabilizer guide wheels 408 as shown. [0079] The two sets of wheels 408 and 410 have different functions. That is, the horizontal guide wheel 408 steers the vehicle and also prevents the vehicle from capsizing as it travels along the guide rails. The vertical wheels 410 are preferably preloaded to better tow the drive wheels, especially when curving, and also act as safety emergency wheels to prevent vehicle capsizing. The vertical wheel 410 resists the positive pressure generated when extreme centrifugal forces and crosswinds act on the vehicle, especially when the vehicle operates on a curved, one-sided (ie, inclined) guideway. It is believed that the vehicle will be kept on the truck under such adverse conditions. [0080] [0080] Alternatively, the head of the I-beam can be slightly tilted, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the vertical pressure wheel is mounted in a slightly tilted position as shown and operates along this tilted head. Preferably, unlike the four guide wheel configuration disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,845,581, six guide wheels would be installed on each bogie. By adding two additional guide wheels, the vehicle is less likely to derail. [0081] A preferred alternative stabilizer guide wheel suspension system 511 is then disclosed, as can be seen with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. The guide wheel suspension system 511 includes a flat top surface 512, a longitudinal beam 514, a stabilizer guide rail 518, a vertical travel path 520, a vertical web 522, a head 524, a stabilizer guide truck 526, and a vehicle 530 inside. Floor 528, vehicle body 532, vehicle axle 534, ring-shaped turntable 536 positioned under the axle, sliding bearing surface 538 between turntable 536 and gears, bogie 540, bogie frame 544, Vehicle body vertical suspension pocket 546, motor 548 in wheel hub, caliper brake 549, gearbox 550 in wheel hub, or motor 548 positioned perpendicular to axle, drive wheel 552, positioned perpendicular to axle Gear 553, stabilizer guide wheel 554, adjustable lever arm linkage 556 for guide wheel support assembly, fixed guide wheel sliding pocket frame 558 attached to bogie frame, to prevent derailment Fixed support bracket 559 for lever assembly welded to bogie frame, adjustable pneumatic spring cushion 560 positioned between linkage 556 and bracket 559, bolt assembly 561, sliding piston with pocket frame 562, adjustable mounting device 563 to attach the guide wheel to the lever arm, built-in suspension damping device 564 positioned between the lever arm and the guide wheel hub, vacuum pressure configuration positioned at the end of the pocket frame Element or low air pressure component 565, bogie frame pivot ring 566, bogie frame support cross brace 567 for pivot ring load, floor frame ring support 568, vehicle bogie frame pivot and floor frame Sliding pivot ball bearing ring 569 positioned between and vertical sliding area 570 positioned between the axle and the bogie frame, as well as the bogie frame and cross brace. [0082] In particular, as best shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the suspension 511 is secured to the front and rear end frames of the wheel bogie 544 between the two end brackets 559 welded to the bogie frame 544. Includes a welded tube assembly 558. Two stabilizer guide wheels 554 with sliding piston pocket frame 562 are stabilized by each lever arm 556 with remote pressure controlled air pad 560 acting between the lever arm 556 and the fixing bracket 559. -Pressed against the guide track 526. [0083] The stabilizer guide wheel 554 includes a built-in suspension damping device 564 between the lever arm 556 and the axle mounting device 563. A wheel bogie unit 540 with a built-in motor 548 not fixed to the axle and a gearbox 550 containing brakes is partially built into the drive wheel 552 hub, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24. And, it rotates independently horizontally around the ball bearing ring 566 attached to the longitudinal cross brace 567 of the bogie frame 544. The wheel bogie 540 rotates within a small circular turntable 556 fixed to the floor 534 of the vehicle 530. [0084] With the above configuration, all lateral forces, vehicle acceleration and braking, and centrifugal forces acting on the vehicle, such as those that occur in the presence of wind, are transmitted through the floor 534 to the turntable 569 and then on the bogie frame. It is transmitted to the pivot ring 566. Thereby, these forces are resisted by the guide wheel assembly 511, which includes the guide wheel 554 acting on the stabilizer 518. Similarly, the normal force acting on the vehicle 530 is applied to the bogie frame 544 through the bogie peripheral turntable ring 536 and then through the sliding bearing surface 538, as shown in FIGS. 22-25 and described with respect to these figures. It is transmitted to the built-in pocket suspension 546. [0085] Next, referring to FIGS. 16 to 18, an alternative circular ring bogie with a peripheral ball bearing turntable is disclosed. These aspects include stabilizer guide wheel assembly 6200, lever arm 6201 for guide wheel assembly, piston 6202 for guide wheel assembly, controlled pneumatic pocket 6204 in piston 6202, piston 6202 and lever arm 6201. Link 6206, Internal Guide Wheel Vibration Damper 6208, Tube Compartment 6210 for Rubber Vibration Damper, Ball Bearing 6211, Rigid Bracket 6212 for Ball Bearing Turntable, Axle Bolt Mounting Device 6214 for Guide Wheels, Includes irregularly shaped bolts 6217 mounted inside vibrating material, wheel bogie frames 6218, and slots 6220 for adjusting axle bolts and guide wheels. [0086] Specifically, an open circular wheel bogie frame 6218 without a central cross brace is disclosed in FIGS. 16 and 17. As can be seen specifically with reference to FIG. 16, the stabilizer guide wheel assembly 6200 includes a piston 6202 having a controlled pneumatic 6204 inside. Pneumatic 6204 is formed in a chamber partially formed by circular bogie frame pistons 6203 at the front and rear ends as shown. Lever arm 6201 extends from hinge 6206 at the end of piston 6202 through tube compartment 6210 to guide wheel mounting device 6214. The tube compartment 6210 has a rubber or similar material vibrating damper 6208 built into a tubular compartment 6208 fixed to the lower bogie frame. As the controlled pneumatic 6204 in the piston 6200 expands, the lever arm 6210 rotates and twists the rubber assembly 6216 around the pivot bolt 6217 to guide the stabilizer guide rail 618 to the stabilizer guide track 626. Increase the pressure on the ring 654. [0087] The bogie frame 6218 then includes a circular bogie frame portion 6203, a piston 6202 having a controlled pneumatic 6204 within the piston assembly 6200, and a rubber vibrating damper compartment 6210, as can be seen with reference to FIG. .. The guide wheel can be easily removed using the open slot 6220 (FIG. 16) for the axle bolt mounting device 6214. [0088] The guide wheel assembly 6200 is extremely simple and requires little space and fitting work as it is partially built into the circular wheel bogie section 6203. In addition, the unique lever arm mechanism and suspension are locked within the bogie frame 6203, greatly reducing the chance of accidental derailment of the stabilizer guide wheel 654. [0089] Next, with reference to FIG. 18, a circular ring bogey including a bogie frame 6218 having two circular front and rear ends 6203 and no internal cross brace is disclosed. Specifically, when accelerating and braking the vehicle, the force acting on the drive wheels 652 and the wheel bogie 6218 is a peripheral circular ball attached to the floor frame 634 of the vehicle 630, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. It is transmitted through the bearing frame 6212 (Fig. 17). The wheel bogie 6218 rotates in the ball bearing peripheral ring 6212 (Fig. 17) and transmits horizontal wind and transverse centrifugal forces into the floor frame 634 of the vehicle 630. The normal force from vehicle 630 is transmitted through the rectangular support suspension pocket device 6120 within the bogie frame 6218. The motor gear brake assemblies 648, 650 and 649 are not fixed to the axles, respectively, but are partially built into the drive wheel hub 652, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, respectively. [0090] Next, with reference to FIG. 19, a circular ring bogey including a bogie frame 745 with a cross brace 767 between two circular ends 722 including a pivot ring 766 in the center is disclosed. The pivot ring 766 works much like the pivot bolt disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,845,581. However, the force is distributed over a wider ring area. Therefore, the wheel bogey is given greater stability. [0091] The pivot ring 766 exerts a horizontal force, such as that generated in the wind or when accelerating the vehicle laterally, on the outer circular bearing of the pivot ring, which is part of the floor bearing 734 of the vehicle 730. It is transmitted through the bearing frame 769. Normal force from vehicle 730 is transmitted through four support suspension pockets 7120. The motor 751 is supported by a wheel bogie 745 with a right angle gear pinion 753 configuration. [0092] Next, referring to FIG. 20, a drive system 802 that mechanically couples two drive wheels 804 into one motor 806 is disclosed. In particular, the drive system includes a linear tooth bevel unit 808 and a spur gear unit 810 that form a differential. Gear units 808 and 810 are interconnected by a low-position high-speed cross-link shaft 812. [0093] The design of the present invention allows for a low floor height across the entire length of the cabin. In addition, the low-position cross-link shaft allows the wheels to be twisted and rigidly connected to maintain sinusoidal motion during straight-ahead motion. By using this differential, strain on the power transmission device during cornering is reduced, tire wear is reduced, and noise is reduced. [0094] Next, with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22, the monorail vehicle air cushion suspension / automatic vehicle leveling device 9210 is disclosed. Suspension and leveling device 9210 includes vehicle bearing support piece 9121, bearing support vertical surface 9122, control pressure valve 9124, air cushion suspension pad 9125, concave pocket vertical surface 9126 in bogie frame, air pad. Includes a cushioning layer 9127 between, a turntable ring 9130 mounted under the vehicle floor, a vehicle bogie frame outer surface 9131, and a vehicle bogie frame inner surface 9132. [0095] In particular, the drive wheel tire 952 is the primary vertical suspension for monorail vehicles. The vertical secondary suspension consists of four rectangular air suspension devices 9120 housed in pocket 946 of the bogie frame 940. Each air suspension can consist of one or several air cushion pads 9125 and has a bearing support piece 9121 at the top that is housed in a recess that is part of the bogie frame 9131. There is. The bearing support is shaped so that it can be slightly biased vertically 9122 within the bogie frame 940, but not so much horizontally. [0096] The bearing support 9121 has a sliding surface 938 on the top and transfers the weight of the vehicle to the lower air cushion pad 9125 through the turntable ring 936 mounted on the floor frame 934 of the vehicle. The air cushion pad 9125 is connected to an automatic pneumatic control valve 9124 that keeps the bearing support 9121 at the same level. [0097] The sliding bearing support surface 938 is made of a hard surface material having a low sliding friction coefficient, such as Teflon or graphite. As the vehicle passes through the curved section of the guideway, the wheel bogie 940 rotates with respect to the vehicle body 930. This rotation occurs between the sliding bearing support surface 938 and the turntable ring 936. The air cushion suspension operates on curved and straight sections. [0098] A special cushioning material that damps the vertical impact on the vehicle is built into the three horizontal layers 9127 of the air spring pad. The number of pads, the hardness of the three layers, and the damping properties will vary depending on the size of the vehicle and the expected vertical load. [0099] The secondary vibration of a vehicle has two functions. First, the device acts as a secondary vibration damping suspension that resists acceleration and impacts on vehicles at various speeds and other types of loads. Second, the device acts as an automatic leveling device, so the floor level of the vehicle is always maintained at the same altitude regardless of the number of passengers in the vehicle. For example, when the vehicle is crowded with passengers, the self-controlled pneumatic valve 9124 increases the pressure in the suspension air pad 9125. Similarly, when there are few or no passengers in the vehicle, the automatic pneumatic valve reduces the air pressure in the suspension pad. Therefore, such a vehicle floor allows passengers to pass through the door more efficiently and use a wheelchair because the vehicle floor and the boarding / alighting ramp are always at the same height in the passenger boarding / alighting facility. By allowing the physically handicapped person to put the wheelchair in and out of the vehicle without the difference in floor altitude, it is possible to deal with such the physically handicapped person. [0100] Next, with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24, a manufactured small motor gear brake (MGB) assembly built into the wheel hub of the traction drive wheels for a monorail system, which is not fixed to the axle, is disclosed. Has been done. This configuration consists of a flat top surface 1002, a longitudinal beam 1004, a top stabilizer guide rail 1006, a vehicle travel path 1008, a vertical web 1010, a Yang pressure wheel travel path 1012, a stabilizer wheel guide track 1014, and a stabilizer. Wheel 1016, Yang pressure wheel 1018, Drive wheel tire 1020, Collector 1022, Control conduit 1024, Monorail, guideway and guide rail centerline 1026, Bogie frame 1028, Gearbox and disc brake Positioned anchor bolts 1030, motors 1032, planetary gearbox 1034, disc brakes 1036, disc brake calipers 1038, drive wheel hubs 1040, wheel hub implantable bolts 1042, lower floors in vehicles 1044, than tires Includes upper seat level 1046, and drive wheel flange 1048. [0101] In particular, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 23, the motor, planetary gearbox, and caliper disc brake as a whole are small units partially built into the hub along the centerline of the wheel hub. MGB unit is, by the bogie frames and wheel flange is supported me, and to the drive wheel axle is not required. [0102] In one possible preferred embodiment, a standard 19.5 inch wheel flange made of steel or aluminum is used. The MGB can be manufactured and shipped as a single unit and can be mounted directly on the unmounted bogie frame shown in Figure 24. As a result, bogies will be lighter, cheaper and simpler than known methods. [0103] Figure 23 shows the caliper discs in two possible positions with respect to the bogie frame, wheel flanges, and gearbox. For the left drive wheel, the disc brake is located between the bogie frame and the wheel flange. For the right drive wheel, a brake is attached to the end of the planetary gearbox. The input brake or dynamic brake can also be built into this small gearbox unit. A known manufacturer of dynamic brakes is Fairfield, La Fayette, Indiana, USA. [0104] The MGB assembly allows the vehicle to rotate significantly around the wheel bogey's pivot point as it passes through sharp curves. [0105] H. Location of collector Then, with reference to FIGS. 25 and 26, the positions where the insulated power conduit 76 and control vessel 90 can be positioned are disclosed. In particular, FIG. 26 shows that the power line 76 is positioned on the head 24 and the control line 90 is mounted on the lower flange 77 of the stabilizer guide rail. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 27, the power conduit 76 can be positioned on the lower flange 77 and the control vessel 90 can be positioned on the head. Of course, a combination of these conduit positions and the conduit positions described in US Pat. No. 5,845,581 can be used as needed. [0106] I. Vehicle configuration and design Then, with reference to FIGS. 27A-31B, various shapes, designs, and construction methods of the vehicle are disclosed. In particular, each vehicle vehicle can include a nose section 1102, a central vehicle section 1104, a vehicle doorway 1106, a back seat 1108, and a low floor 1110 or a high floor 1112. If desired, a plurality of rolling stocks can be secured so as to form a train with front rolling stock 1114 and rear rolling stock 1116. [0107] Each vehicle can then be manufactured using a pre-assembled cabin containing two nose 1102s firmly secured to the central vehicle section 1104, as can be seen with reference to FIGS. 27A and 27B. The vehicle features a low floor 1110 in which the drive wheels extend above the vehicle floor at selected positions and the remaining floor is below the top of the drive wheels. The area where the tires protrude above the floor is covered with seats as shown in the figure. However, there are unobstructed floor spaces on either side of the tire, thus allowing passengers to walk freely from one end to the other end of the vehicle. This vehicle is preferably constructed of aircraft aluminum. [0108] Next, with reference to FIGS. 28A, 28B, and 29B, a plurality of vehicles forming a train are disclosed. In particular, the front vehicle 1114 includes a nose 1102 that is firmly secured to the central vehicle 1104. The rear vehicle 1116 includes a nose 1102 that is firmly secured to the central vehicle 1104. All central vehicles include only the central vehicle section 1104, and the areas between vehicles adjacent to each other are open, allowing passengers to walk freely between vehicles. [0109] As best shown in FIGS. 28A, 28B, 29A, 29B, and 30, each vehicle includes a vehicle with a high floor 1118 whose entire floor is positioned above the top of the drive wheels. Alternatively, an unobstructed floor space is formed between the ends of the train where several vehicles are combined. Each train is preferably constructed of aircraft aluminum. [0110] If desired, multiple central vehicles can be installed to meet the demands of passengers. Similarly, the size of the train (ie, the length of the central portion) can be adjusted to accommodate the passenger's desired load. [0111] Next, with reference to FIGS. 29A and 29B, the basic vehicle configurations as shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B are disclosed, respectively. However, the vehicle body is preferably composed of a composite material. [0112] Low profile personal rapid transit (PRT) is disclosed in FIGS. 31A and 31B. The vehicle is sized and shaped to accommodate a small number of passengers, including six passengers and one wheelchair. The overall height of the vehicle is lower than the height of a typical passenger. A central sliding doorway or overhead doorway on each side of the vehicle that extends across half the cross-sectional area of the vehicle allows passengers to enter and exit the vehicle while standing. [0113] Given the various shapes and designs of vehicles operating on the guideway system of the present invention, the size and shape of the vehicle traveling on the system may be modified daily or at the request of the passenger. It can also be modified seasonally. In addition, each vehicle can be configured to operate fully automatically without a driver. For example, automatic electronic control signals can be transmitted to each vehicle along a stabilizer guide rail, on the track, or through an induction conduit mounted inside the beamway. [0114] J. Improved safety features Next, referring to FIG. 32, the emergency guide wheel configuration is disclosed. In particular, the safety guide wheel frame 1202 almost surrounds the head 1224. The emergency guide wheels 1255 (in this case, the guide wheels 1255a and 1255b in the figure) are rotatably attached to the frame 1202 to engage the guide track 1226 on the head 1224 in the event of a vehicle inflated tire failure. Has been done. Additional emergency guide wheels 1255 (in this case, guide wheels 1255c and 1255d in the figure) are rotatably attached to frame 1202 so that they also engage the top of the head 1224. The emergency guide wheel 1255 can be constructed of solid rubber, urethane, or other suitable non-expandable material. [0115] In the event of a failure of any inflated rubber tire in the monorail system, such as the drive wheels or stabilizer guide wheels, the emergency guide wheel configuration will be guided by the safety wheel frame 1202 surrounding the guide rails. Allows engagement with rails, thereby reducing the likelihood of vehicle derailment. Frame 1202 can be mounted on a vehicle bogey or floor frame. [0116] Pneumatic tires, such as those used as drive wheels and guide wheels, are also configured to include an internal central support structure (not shown) that maintains tire integrity in the event of accidental loss of pressure. be able to. A known manufacturer of such tires is Hutchinson Industries Inc. of Trenton, NJ, which sells such tires under the "RUN-FLAT" trademark. [0117] K. Improved transition An improved switching device is disclosed in FIGS. 34-39. In particular, referring to FIGS. 33 to 37, vehicle travel path 13300, stabilizer guide wheel 13301, lever arm assembly 13302, online guideway 13303, offline guideway 13304, side rail guideway 13305, side rail or slab 13306, contact. Side burrs 13308, side rail wheels 13309, wheel bogie frame 13310, protected casing for lever arm assembly 13302, vehicle floor 1332, vehicle 13313, fixed pivot point 13314, expandable A vehicle switch assembly is disclosed that includes a piston 13315 and a wide inlet 13316 for side burrs guide rails 13305. [0118] In particular, reference to FIGS. 33-35 shows an improved vehicle switch assembly 13302 that is mounted on a vehicle and automatically controlled and operated, or controlled and operated from a central vehicle control center. .. In on-board switch switching, the short longitudinal stabilizer rail 13301 on track 13300 is removed and the vehicle is moved from one online guide 13303 to the other offline guide 13304. This section of the guideway has a smooth, unobstructed surface area 13300 that can guide the wheel bogey, including the two guide wheels, to another guideway without any surface interference. The vehicle is steered by adding a side beam guide rail 13305 mounted on the outside of the beam way 13306 or the surface running slab. [0119] The lever arm assembly 13302 is located in the floor frame 13321 of the vehicle 13313 or in the protected casing 13311 installed below the floor frame 13321 when not in operation. The lever arm assembly 13302 is a piston that extends and rotates the lever arm 13302 about 90 degrees around pivot point 13314 when actuated to switch the vehicle from one guideway 13303 to the other guideway 13304. Pivot rotation around fixed point 13314 by 13315. In this position, the wheel 13306 contacts the outside of the beamway or slab and guides the rail wheel 13309 to the wide entrance 13316 of the guide rail 13305. When the stabilizer rail 13301 is removed, the vehicle is guided from guideway 13303 to guideway 13304 along the surface by the vehicle rolling assembly 13302. [0120] When the wheel bogey passes through the intersection of two guideways, the online guideway 13303 and the offline guideway 13304, the regular stabilizer rail 13301 will appear and will take over the vehicle guidance. At this point, the guide rails along the sides of the beam way 13305 end, and the lever assembly 13302 is stopped and automatically rotated 90 degrees back into the casing 13311 under the floor of the vehicle. [0121] The switch by the on-board switch has some application examples in the monorail system of the present invention. For example, in a garage, a on-board switch can be used to guide a vehicle from one guideway to several service docking bays. By applying the offline guide as shown in FIG. 36, a train consisting of vehicles can be placed on the offline guide, and at the same time, another train can be allowed to pass through the online guide. In another application, vehicles of the same level can cross-roll from one main guideway to the other guideway and vice versa. [0122] The dispatch area for switching by the on-board switch is a fairly short distance area that is almost the same as the length of the vehicle. For example, as a special safety measure in the event of extreme crosswinds on the vehicle, for example, a transparent air bubble enclosure can protect and seal the dispatch area. [0123] Next, referring to FIG. 37, an alternative vehicle rail switch is disclosed. In particular, this switch includes a crank motor 14340, a track surface 14400 for a first vehicle, a stabilizer rail 14401 for a first vehicle, a rotatable non-flexible, as disclosed in US Patent Application No. 08/6464198. Sex switch 14402, switch length 14404, intersection 14410, first vehicle 14413, first vehicle guide 14414, intersection 14415, first vehicle switch lock position 14416, central pivot point for switch 14418, turnout angle of rotation 14420, track surface 14500 for the second vehicle, stabilizer rail 14501 for the second vehicle, second vehicle 14513, guideway 14514 for the second vehicle, and second vehicle Includes switch lock position 14516 for. [0124] In particular, the alternative switch in Figure 37 is of a length that allows the first and second vehicles 14413 and the second vehicle 14513 of the same altitude from two separate monorail guides 14414 and 14514 to intersect each other at intersection 14410. It is equipped with a rotatable short non-flexible switch 14402 with 14404. This intersection is achieved by rotating one of the shorter segments of the stabilizer guide rails 14401 and 14501 around the central pivot point 14418 on the top surface of the level intersection region 14410. [0125] As shown in FIG. 37, with the switch 14402 at position 14416 aligned with the stabilizer 14401, the first vehicle 14413 is guided along the stabilizer 14401 through the intersection 14410. As the second vehicle 14513 approaches the intersection 14410, the switch 14402 rotates counterclockwise by an angle 14420 around the pivot point 14418 and aligns with the stabilizer guide rail 14501 at the second lock position 14516. [0126] The switch is rotated in both directions by an angle 14420 between two positions 14416 and 14516 by a crank motor 14340, a lever arm 14338, a guide slot 14332, or a similar device exemplified in US patent application 08/646198. Be done. [0127] The switch is automatically operated from the central monorail control station. In addition, the switches can be easily modified to include switches between three or more crossing vehicle tracks. [0128] Although the principles of the invention have been described and illustrated with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be apparent that the configurations and details of these embodiments can be modified without departing from the principles of the invention. Given the various aspects to which the principles of the invention can be applied, it is clear that the above detailed aspects are only exemplary and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. It seems to be. The claimed invention includes all such modifications and equivalents thereof within the claims. [0129] Therefore, the monorail system of the present invention can be applied very flexibly. This monorail system should be used in urban environments where the speed is low due to the short distance between stop stations, or in rural areas where the number of stops is low and the speed is around 300 mph when using the Maglob technology mode. Can be done. Also, due to the small size of the monorail system of the present invention, the monorail can be placed in various locations in urban and rural areas, thereby reducing the physical and aesthetic impact on the environment. [0130] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the monorail system of the present invention will be one-half to one-third the cost of a conventional elevated transport system. The reason for the lower cost is that the size of the components is small, the amount of components is small, and the components can be manufactured in the factory and assembled in the field in a shorter time. [0131] The present invention can be practiced in other particular forms without departing from its gist or main features. Accordingly, this aspect is exemplary and not restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than the description above, and thus the claims. All modifications within the meaning and scope of the equivalent of are included in the present invention. [Simple explanation of drawings] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a typical monorail system constructed according to the present invention, including a vehicle traveling on the monorail system. FIG. 2 is a partial schematic cross-sectional end view of a planar top surface on which a vehicle with wheels travels and a stabilizer guide rail. FIG. 3 is a partial schematic cross-sectional plan view of a planar top surface and stabilizer guide rails on which an alternative wheeled vehicle travels. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of a planar top surface and an enlarged portion of a stabilizer guide rail showing the control conduit and insulated contact rails in detail. FIG. 5 is a top view of a double current collector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of a guideway induction communication collector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a partial schematic cross-sectional end view of a planar top surface and a stabilizer guide rail on which a magnetically levitated and propelled vehicle travels. FIG. 8 is a partial schematic cross-sectional end view of a planar top surface on which a vehicle propelled by an electric motor travels and a stabilizer guide rail. FIG. 9 is a plan view of an aspect of a switch manufactured by the present invention, including a flexible stabilizer guide rail shown at the switch position. 10 is an end face sectional view of a switch having a crank motor / lever / arm combination along line 10-10 of FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of a switch having a crank motor / lever / arm combination along line 11-11 of FIG. 9. FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of an enlarged portion of a planar top surface, stabilizer, guide, rail, and guide wheel configuration according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of an enlarged portion of a planar top surface, stabilizer, guide, rail, and guide wheel configuration according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a partial schematic cross-sectional end view of a planar top surface and stabilizer guide rails including a wheeled vehicle having a guide wheel suspension system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 15 is a partial schematic cross-sectional plan view of the suspension system of FIG. FIG. 16 is a partial schematic cross-sectional plan view of a circular ring bogey according to a preferred alternative embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of an enlarged portion of the circular wheel bogey of FIG. 16 showing possible orientations on the stabilizer guide rails. FIG. 18 is a partial schematic cross-sectional plan view of a circular ring bogey without cross braces according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a partial schematic cross-sectional plan view of a circular wheel bogey with cross braces showing possible orientations of drive gears and motors according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a partial schematic cross-sectional plan view of an alternative drive system showing possible orientations of drive gears and motors according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a partial plan view of a cushion suspension / vehicle automatic leveling device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cushion suspension / vehicle automatic leveling device along line 22-22 of FIG. FIG. 23 is a schematic plan view of an enlarged portion of a small motor gear brake assembly built in a wheel hub of a drive wheel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 24 is an enlarged schematic view of a bogie assembly that receives the motor gear brake assembly of FIG. 23. FIG. FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of a planar top surface and an enlarged portion of a stabilizer guide rail showing possible alternative locations for control conduits and insulated contact rails. FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of an enlarged portion of a planar top surface and stabilizer guide rail showing control conduits and other possible alternative locations for insulated contact rails. FIG. 27A is a side view of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, comprising an aircraft aluminum frame and having a single vehicle with a low floor. 27B is a plan view of the vehicle of FIG. 27A. FIG. 28A is a side view of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein each vehicle has an aircraft aluminum frame, has a high floor, and has three vehicles arranged in a row. 28B is a top view of the vehicle of FIG. 28A. FIG. 29A is a side view of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, where each vehicle is made of a composite material, has a high floor, and has three vehicles arranged in a row. 29B is a top view of the vehicle of FIG. 29A. FIG. 30 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view along line 30-30 of FIG. 29B showing possible orientations of people and monorail components. FIG. 31A is a side view of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, having a low profile and configured to accommodate six passengers and one wheelchair. 31B is a top view of the vehicle of FIG. 31A. FIG. 32 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of an enlarged portion of an emergency guide wheel assembly showing possible orientations on guide rails according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 33 is a partial side plan view of a vehicle-mounted switch assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 34 is a schematic cross-sectional plan view of the switch assembly of FIG. 33. FIG. 35 is a top view of the switch assembly of FIG. 33. FIG. FIG. 36 is a schematic top view of a possible offline station incorporating a vehicle-mounted switch according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 37 shows a preferred alternative vehicle switching device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Every citation, both ways
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| US03710727A | Cites | United States of America | – |
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| JP54140311A | Cites | Japan | – |
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| JP09104342A | Cites | Japan | – |
| JP57029466U | Cites | Japan | – |
| JP10291477A | Cites | Japan | – |
| JP10053131A | Cites | Japan | – |
| JP08268277A | Cites | Japan | – |
| JP02077327A | Cites | Japan | – |
| JP60183256A | Cites | Japan | – |
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82 members in 12 offices
Priority claims14
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| 10748598 | United States of America | P | |
| 60107485 | United States of America | – | |
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| 9926056 | United States of America | W | |
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| 1998206792 | – | – | – |
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| US19980206792 | – | – | – |
| WO1999US26056 | – | – | – |
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Numbers
- Publication
- 4418112
- Publication, DOCDB
- 4418112
- Publication, EPODOC
- JP4418112B
- Application
- 2000580875
- Application, DOCDB
- 2000580875
- Application, EPODOC
- JP20000580875
Titles2
- Japanese
- モノレール・システム
- English
- Monorail system
Classification
- CPC, 8
- B61B13/04
- B61B5/00
- B60L5/38
- B60L5/40
- B60L13/10
- E01B25/10
- B60L2200/26
- Y02T90/16
- IPC, 9
- B61B13 00
- B61B13 06
- B61B13 08
- B61H5 00
- B60L5 38
- B60L5 40
- B60L13 10
- B61B13 04
- E01B25 10