Intramedullary fixation device and methods for bone fixation and stabilization
Abstract
An intramedullary fixation device for bone stabilization in foot and hand joint fixation has been disclosed. During intramedullary bone transplantation of each bone, the device grabs the end of the tube and stabilizes the bone (from the inside) during the process of spontaneous healing. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1
Term
Projected expiry 12 April 2031.
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68 claims: 9 independent, 59 dependent
- 1以下を含む骨固定と安定化に使用される骨髄内固定装置:尖った先端を持つ遠位端部、ピラミッド型を形成し、互いに第1と第3の側面が対面となり第1角を成し、第2と第4の側面が対面となり第1の角度とは異なる第2の角度を成し、第1と第3の各側面が近位に向かう返しの先端を形成し、該返しが組織を抑え、回転運動や遠位頭部の近位方向への軸移動を妨げるように構成された、第1、第2、第3、第4の外向きの側面を有する遠位頭部から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部と、 尖った先端を持つ矢じり形の、側面に向かった第5、第6、第7および第8を持つ近位頭部、第5と第7の側面が対面となり第3の角度を成し、第6と第8の側面が対面となり第4の角度を成し、第3の角度と第4の角度は異なる角度で、第5と第7の側面は遠位に向かうエッジを持ち、返しの先端を形成し、返しが組織を抑え、回転移動や近位頭部の遠位方向への軸移動を妨げるよう構成された近位頭部と、 剛性のある本体が遠位頭部と近位頭部間に延出し、接続しながら、指節骨にかかる曲げる負荷に充分に耐える本体とを持つ骨髄内固定装置。
- 2側面が滑らかで平面的な表面である、請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 3第1の角度が第2の角度より大きく、第3の角度が第4の角度より大きい、請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 4第1の角度が第3の角度より大きい、請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 5第2と第4の側面が、本体に向けて比較的滑らかに移行する遠位端部を持つ請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 6遠位頭部が第2の添窩と第2の添窩を含み、第1と第2の各添窩は、返しの端が各々の添窩に近接するような深さを有する遠位頭部から成る請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 7近位頭部が第3の添窩と第4の添窩から成り、第3と第4の各添窩は、返しの端が各々第5と第7の側面に伴って返しを形成し、第3と第4の添窩が、返しの先端がおのおのの添窩の遠位となるような深さを有する請求項6の骨髄内固定装置。
- 8本体が主たる部分、遠位首部、および断面積が主たる部分の断面積よりも小さい近位首部から成る請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 9第2と第4の表面が遠位首部の表面と交差し、第1と第3の表面が遠位首部と交差しない、請求項8の骨髄内固定装置。
- 10遠位と近位の端部と本体が、手指と足指の趾骨/指骨30 の骨髄内管内部にフィットする寸法となっている請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 11さらに、隣接する外側に向かう表面間にある平滑末端化したエッジから成る、請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 12本体が、第1と第2の部分から成り、固定の角度にて第2の部分より第1の部分に堅く角度をつけた、請求項1の骨髄内固定装置。
- 13第1の部分が第2の部分より短い、請求項12の骨髄内固定装置。
- 14固定角度が約10°である、請求項13の骨髄内固定装置。
- 15本体が円筒状で、第1の部分と第2の部分が同じ直径を持つ、請求項13の骨髄内固定装置。
- 16以下からなるシステム:請求項1の骨髄内固定装置、および第1と第2の転換器から成り、各々が回転や軸移動を防ぐような方法で骨髄内固定装置の本体の部分を受けるためにそこに形成された陥凹を持つ挿入ツール。
- 17以下から成る、骨固定と安定化に使用される骨髄内固定装置:互いに第1と第3の側面が対面となり第1角を成し、第2と第4の側面が対面となり、第1の角度とは異なる第2の角度を成し、第1と第3の側面が近位に向かう、返しの先端を形成し、返しが組織を抑え、遠位頭部の近位方向への動きを妨げるよう構成された、第2と第4の側面が返しを形成する矢じり形遠隔頭部と、 近位のエッジを欠いている、ピラミッド型を形成し、第1、第2、第3、第4の外向きの側面を有する遠位頭部から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部、近位の頭部近位端から成り、尖った先端を持ち、第5、第6、第7および第8の外側に向かう側面から成り、第5と第7の側面が互いに対面にあって第3の角度を形成し、第6と第8の側面が互いに対面にあって第4の角度を成し、第5と第7のそれぞれの側面が遠位に向かう返しの先端を形成するエッジを有し、返しが組織を抑え、遠位頭部の近位方向への動きを妨げるよう構成され、第6と第8の側面が返しを形成する近位エッジを欠く、矢じりの形をした遠位頭部と、 遠隔および近位頭部を拡張および接続する円筒状本体で、該円筒状本体が指骨によって加えられる圧力に耐え得る剛性を持つ。
- 18請求項17の角度が第2の角度より大きく、第3の角度が第4の角度よりも大きい、請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 19遠位頭部が尖った遠位点から成り、近位頭部が尖った近位点から成る請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 20外向きの側面が滑らかで平面的な表面である、請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 21請求項17の角度が第3の角度より大きい、請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 22第2と第4の側面が、本体に向けて比較的滑らかに移行する遠位端部を持つ請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 23遠位頭部が 第1の添窩と第2の添窩を含み、第1と第2の各添窩は、返しの先端が各々の添窩に近位となるような深さを有する遠位頭部から成る請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 24近位頭部が第3の添窩と第4の添窩から成り、第3と第4の各添窩は、返しの先端が各々の第5と第7の側面に伴い返しを形成し、第3と第4の添窩が、返しの先端が各々の添窩の遠位となるような深さを有する請求項23の骨髄内固定装置。
- 25本体が主たる部分、遠位首部の部分、および断面積が主たる部分の断面積よりも小さい近位首部の部分から成る請求項17の骨髄内固定装置。
- 26第2と第4の表面が遠位首部の部分の表面と交差し、第1と第3の表面が遠位首部の部分と交差しない、請求項25の骨髄内固定装置。
- 27以下から成る、骨固定と安定化に使用される骨髄内固定装置:尖った先端を有する矢じり形の遠位頭部、遠位頭部は第1、第2、第3、第4の外向きの側面を有し、ピラミッド型を形成し、第1と第3の側面が互いに対面となって第1の角度を成し、第2と第4の側面が互いに対面となって第2の角度を成し、第2の角度が第1の角度と異なり、 近位に向かうエッジを有する第1と第3の側面は返しの先端を形成し、遠位頭部もまた第1の添窩と第2の添窩から成り、第1の添窩と第2の添窩はそれぞれ返しの先端がそれぞれの添窩に近接する深さを有し、返しは組織を動かし、回転運動を防ぎ、遠位の方向に遠位頭部の近位方向への移動を防ぐよう構成されており、 矢じりの形をした近位頭部が尖った先端を持つ近位端部の頭部、近位頭部が、第5、第6、第7および第8の外側に向かう側面から成り、第5と第7の側面は互いに反対を向いて第3の角を成し、第6と第8の側面は互いに反対を向いて第4の角を成し、第3角は第4角とは異なり、 第5と第7の側面は返しの先端を形成する遠位に向かうエッジを有し、近位頭部もまた第3の添窩と第4の添窩から成り、第3と第4の各添窩は、それぞれ返しの先端がそれぞれの添窩に近接する深さを有し、返しは組織を動かし、回転運動を防ぎ、遠位の方向に遠位頭部の近位方向への移動を防ぐよう構成されており、 剛性を持つ本体が遠位頭部と近位頭部間で拡張し、双方を接続させる。本体は、指節骨により指を曲げる負担がかけられる際にもこれをしのぐ充分な剛性を持ち、曲がらないものとし、本体は、主な部分、遠位と近位の首部から成る。遠位と近位の首部は、主部の断面積よりも小さい断面積を持ち、遠位首部は遠位頭部をサポートし、近位首部は近位頭部をサポートする。遠位首部は遠位首部内で第1と第2の添窩と交差し、近位首部は近位首部内で第3と第4の添窩と交差する。
- 28本体が、第1と第2の部分から成り、固定の角度に手第2の部分より第1の部分に堅く角度をつけた、請求項27の骨髄内固定装置。
- 29第1の部分が第2の部分の長さより短い、請求項28の骨髄内固定装置。
- 30固定の角度が約10°の角度である、請求項28の骨髄内固定装置。
- 31第1の角度が第2の角度より大きく、第3の角度が第4の角度よりも大きい、請求項27の骨髄内固定装置。
- 32遠位頭部が尖った遠位点を成し、近位頭部が尖った近位点を成す、請求項27の骨髄内固定装置。
- 33第1の角度が第3の角度より大きい、請求項27の骨髄内固定装置。
- 34骨固定や安定化に使用される骨髄内固定装置であり、以下から成るもの:互いに第1と第3の側面が対面となり第1角を成し、第2と第4の側面が対面となり第1の角度とは異なる第2の角度を成し、第1と第3の側面が近位に向かう、返しの先端を形成し、返しが組織を抑え、遠位頭部の近位方向への動きを妨げるよう構成された、第2と第4の側面が返しを形成し、近位のエッジを欠いている、ピラミッド型を形成し、第1、第2、第3、第4の外向きの側面を有する遠位頭部から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部と、 近位の頭部近位端から成り、尖った先端を持ち、第5、第6、第7および第8の外側に向かう側面から成り、第5と第7の側面が互いに対面にあって第3の角度を形成し、第6と第8の側面が互いに対面にあって第4の角度を成し、第5と第7のそれぞれの側面が遠位に向かう返しの先端を形成するエッジを有し、返しが組織を抑え、遠位頭部の近位方向への動きを妨げるよう構成され、第6と第8の側面が返しを形成する近位エッジを欠く、矢じりの形をした近位頭部と、 遠位および近位頭部を接続する円筒形本体で、該円筒形本体が指骨によりかけられる圧力に耐え得る耐性を有するもので、内部に形成された第1の陥凹を持ち、第1の陥凹が骨髄内固定装置の円筒形の本体の部分を受ける寸法である第1の転換器で、 内部に形成された第2の陥凹を持ち、第2の転換器であり、骨髄内固定装置の円筒形の本体部分を受けられる寸法となっており、 第1と第2の転換器は、標準的な挿入条件下にて回転や軸の移動を防げるよう、骨髄内固定装置の円筒形本体を充分にしっかりと掴むことができるよう調整されている。
- 35請求項 34 のキットで、さらに以下を含むもの:ヒトの足指の骨髄管内へ挿入する寸法のリーマーであり、リーマーには第1の直径、第2の直径が第1の直径よりも大きいブローチを有する。
- 36骨髄内固定装置が第1の固定装置で、さらに以下を含む請求項 34 のキット。 以下から成る、第2の骨髄内固定装置:遠位端部を形成し、鋭い先端を持ち、第1、第2、第3および第4の外側に向かう側面から成り、ピラミッドのような三角錐の形を成す矢じりの形をした遠位頭部。装置にはまた、第5、第6、第7および第8の外向きの側面を持つ矢じり形をした近位頭部。 単一のベンドを持ち、遠位頭部と近位頭部間に延出し接続しながら、第1の骨髄内装置の円筒形本体の直径と等しい直径を持つ本体 。
- 37骨髄内固定装置が第1の固定装置であり、さらに5つの骨髄内固定装置から成る請求項 34 のキット。
- 38以下から成る方法:以下から成る骨髄内固定装置の掴み: 尖った先端を持ち、互いに第1と第3の側面が対面となり、第1角を成し、第2と第4の側面が対面となり、第1の角度とは異なる第2の角度を成し、第1と第3の側面が近位に向かう、返しの先端を形成し、返しが組織を抑え、回転運動や遠位頭部の近位方向への軸移動を妨げるように構成された、第2と第4の側面が返しを形成し、近位のエッジを欠いている遠位端部と、 第5、第6、第7および第8の外側に向かう側面から成る、矢じりの形をした遠位頭部、 第5および第7の側面は互いに対面となり第4の角度を成す。第2と第4の側面は互いに対面となり第2の角を成し、第5と第7の各側面は、遠位に向かって先端に返しの先を有するエッジを持つ。 返しは組織を動かし、回転運動を防ぎ、遠位の方向に遠位頭部の近位方向への移動を防ぎるよう構成されており、第2と第4の側面には返しはなく、そして遠位頭部と近位頭部間に延出し接続しながら、指節骨にかかる曲げる負荷に充分に耐える剛性を有する円筒形の本体。 装置の近位端部を第1の骨要素の骨髄内管へ導入し、 装置の遠位端部を第2の骨要素の骨髄内管へ導入し、 骨髄内固定装置をリリースし、第1と第2の骨要素を共に圧迫する。
- 39掴みのステップに骨髄内固定装置を挿入鉗子によるものを含む請求項 38 の方法。
- 40さらに基節骨の頭部と中節骨の基部を露出し切除することを含む、請求項 38 の方法。
- 41さらに、基節骨と中節骨両方の骨髄内管を広げることを含む、請求項 40 の方法。
- 42さらに、基節骨と中節骨両方の骨髄内管をブローチで広げることを含む、請求項 41 の方法。
- 43骨固定と安定化に使用される骨髄内固定装置で以下の特徴を含むもの:尖った遠位端部の点を持ち、遠位端部の点の方向へ収束しながら、かつ交差する遠位の第1、第2および第3の、外側に向かう側面から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部、外側に向いている遠位の第1の表面は、外側に向いている遠位の第2の表面の最大幅よりも広い最大幅を有する、外側に向いている遠位の第1、第2、第3の表面のうち、少なくとも一つは組織を動かし、回転運動を妨げ、近位の方向への遠位頭部の軸移動を妨げるよう、近位の方向に形成されている返しの先を有する矢じりの形をした遠位頭部と、 近位点に向かって集まり、交差する近位の第1、第2および第3の外向きの側面から成り、近位の第1の外向きの表面は、最大幅が近位の第2の外向きの表面の最大幅より大きい、近位の第1、第2、第3の外向きの表面の少なくとも一つが、返しの先端を形成する遠位に向かうエッジを持ち、組織を保持し、回転運動を妨げ、遠位頭部の近位方向への軸移動妨げるよう構成されている尖った遠位点を持つ近位端部から成る矢じり形の近位頭部と、 遠位頭部と近位頭部間で拡張し、双方を接続させる、本体は、指節骨により指を曲げる負担がかけられる際にもこれをしのぐ充分な剛性を持つ剛性のある本体。
- 44外向きの遠位的第1、第2、第3の側面が実質的に平面的な表面である、請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 45外向きの近位的第1、第2、第3の側面が実質的に平面的な表面である、請求項44の骨髄内固定装置。
- 46遠位頭部が、遠位第1と第2、第3の外向きの側面と遠位点にて交差する遠位第4の外向きの側面を成し、第1と第3の外向きの側面が互いに対面となり第1の角度を成し、第2と第4の外向きの側面が互いに対面となり、第1の角度とは異なる第2の角度を形成する請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 47第2と第4の外側に向かう側面が、それぞれ近位に向かう返しの先端を形成するエッジを有し、第1と第3の外側に向かう側面が返しの先端を欠く請求項46の骨髄内固定装置。
- 48第1と第3の外側に向かう遠位の側面が、本体に向けて比較的滑らかに移行する近位端部を持つ請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 49遠位頭部は、遠位頭部が遠位の第1の添窩から成り、第2の遠位の外を向く側面とともに返しを形成し、第1の添窩が返しの先端が遠位の第1の添窩に近位するような深さを有する、請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 50近位頭部は、第1の近位の添窩から成り、第2の近位の外を向く側面とともに返しを形成し、近位の第1の添窩が返しの先端が第1の添窩に遠位するような深さを有する、請求項49の骨髄内固定装置。
- 51本体が主な部分、遠位首部部分および近位首部部分から成り、近位と遠位の首部が首部の断面積よりも小さい断面積を持つ、請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 52近位の第1の外向きの側面が遠位首部の部分の表面と交差し、遠位の第2の側面が遠位首部の部分と交差しない、請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 53遠位と近位の頭部と本体が、手指と足指の指骨/趾骨30の骨髄内管内部にフィットする寸法となっている請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 54さらに、隣接する外側に向かう表面間にある平滑末端化したエッジを持つ、請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 55本体が、第1と第2の部分から成り、固定の角度にて第2の部分より第1の部分に堅く角度をつけた、請求項43の骨髄内固定装置。
- 56第1の部分が第2の部分の長さより短い、請求項55の骨髄内固定装置。
- 57固定の角度が約10°の角度である、請求項55の骨髄内固定装置。
- 58本体が円筒状で、第1の部分と第2の部分が同じ直径を持つ、請求項55の骨髄内固定装置。
- 59以下からなるシステム:請求項43の骨髄内固定装置であり、第1と第2の転換器から成り、各々が回転や軸移動を防ぐような方法で骨髄内固定装置の本体の部分を受けるためにそこに形成された陥凹を持つ挿入ツール。
- 60以下から成る、骨固定と安定化キット:以下から成る、骨髄内固定装置: 尖った遠位端部の点を持つ、矢じりの形をした遠位頭部から成り、また、遠位端部の点の方向へ収束しながら、かつ交差する遠位の第1、第2および第3の、外側に向かう側面から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部を持ち、外側に向いている遠位の第1の表面は、外側に向いている遠位の第2の表面の最大幅よりも広い最大幅を有し、外側に向いている遠位の第1、第2、第3の表面のうち、少なくとも一つは組織を動かし、回転運動を妨げ、近位の方向への遠位頭部の軸移動を妨げるよう、近位の方向に形成されている返しの先を有する、矢じり形の遠位頭部と、 尖った近位端部の点を持ち、近位端部の点の方向へ収束しながら、かつ交差する近位の第1、第2および第3の、外側に向かう側面から成る矢じり形の近位頭部、外側に向いている近位の第1の表面は、外側に向いている近位の第2の表面の最大幅よりも広い最大幅を有する、外側に向いている近位の第1、第2、第3の表面のうち、少なくとも一つは組織を動かし、回転運動を妨げ、遠位の方向への近位頭部の軸移動を妨げるよう、遠位の方向に形成されている返しの先を形成するエッジを有する矢じりの形をした近位頭部と、 剛性のある本体が遠位頭部と近位頭部間に延出し接続しながら、指節骨にかかる曲げる負荷に充分に耐える本体、髄内固定装置をしっかりと把持することができるよう構成されている挿入鉗子で、該挿入鉗子が以下の特徴を持つもの: 内部に形成された第1の陥凹を持ち、第1の陥凹が骨髄内固定装置の円筒形の本体の部分を受ける寸法である第1の転換器と、内部に形成された第2の陥凹を持ち、第2の陥凹が骨髄内固定装置の円筒形の体の部分を受ける寸法である第2の転換器で、第1と第2の転換器が共に協調し、通常の挿入状況において回転と軸移動を防ぐのに十分なように骨髄内固定装置の円筒形の本体をしっかり握ることができるもの。
- 61請求項 34 のキットで、さらに以下の特徴を含むもの:ヒトの足指の骨髄管内へ挿入する寸法のリーマーであり、リーマーに第1の直径、そして第2の直径が第1の直径よりも大きいブローチを持つ。
- 62請求項第34項のキットで、骨髄内固定装置が第1の固定装置であり、キットにはさらに以下が含まれるもの:以下の特徴を持つ第2の骨髄内固定装置:遠位先端にて交差し、ピラミッド型を形成する、遠位の第1、第2、第3の外向きの側面を有する遠位頭部から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部と、 近位先端にて交差し、ピラミッド型を形成する、近位の第1、第2、第3の外向きの側面を有する遠位頭部から成る矢じり形の近位頭部と、 第2の骨髄内固定装置の遠位頭部と近位頭部間で拡張し、双方を接続させる円筒形の本体で、 単一のベンドを持ち、第1の骨髄内装置の円筒形本体の直径と等しい直径を持つ本体円筒形の本体。
- 63骨髄内固定装置が第1の固定装置であり、キットはさらに5つの骨髄内固定装置から成る請求項 34 のキット。
- 64以下からなる方法:以下の特徴を持つ骨髄内固定装置の掴み: 尖った遠位端部の点を持ち、遠位端部の点の方向へ収束しながら、かつ交差する遠位の第1、第2および第3の、外側に向かう側面から成る矢じり形の遠位頭部、外側に向いている遠位の第1の表面は、外側に向いている遠位の第2の表面の最大幅よりも広い最大幅を有する、外側に向いている遠位の第1、第2、第3の表面のうち、少なくとも一つは組織を動かし、回転運動を妨げ、近位の方向への遠位頭部の軸移動を妨げるよう、近位の方向に形成されている返しの先を有する矢じりの形をした遠位頭部と、 尖った遠位点を持つ近位端部から成るり、近位点に向かって集まり、交差する近位の第1、第2および第3の外向きの側面から成り、近位の第1の外向きの表面は、最大幅が近位の第2の外向きの表面の最大幅より大きい、近位の第1、第2、第3の外向きの表面ののうち最低一つが、返しの先端を形成する遠位に向かうエッジを持つ矢じり形の近位頭部と、 組織を保持し、回転運動を妨げ、遠位頭部の近位方向への軸移動妨げるよう構成されている、円筒形の本体が遠位頭部と近位頭部間で拡張し、双方を接続させ、該円筒形の本体は、指節骨により指を曲げる負担がかけられる際にもこれをしのぐ充分な剛性を持ち、装置の近位端部を第1の骨要素の骨髄内管へ導入し、装置の遠位端部を第2の骨要素の骨髄内管へ導入し、骨髄内固定気をリリースして第1と第2の骨要素を共に圧迫する。
- 65掴みのステップに骨髄内固定装置を挿入鉗子で掴む手順を含む請求項 64 の方法。
- 66さらに、基節骨の頭部と中節骨の基部を露出し切除する手順を含む、請求項 64 の方法。
- 67さらに、近位と中の指節指両方の骨髄内管を広げる手順を含む、請求項 66 の方法。
- 68さらに、近位と中の指節指両方の骨髄内管をブローチで広げる手順を含む、請求項 67 の方法。
Independent claims68
49 paragraphs, as filed
The present invention relates to an intramedullary fixation device and a bone fixation and stabilization method.
Hammer toe deformity occurs when the metatarsophalangeal joint between the phalanges of the toes stands upward and the proximal interphalangeal joint bends downward. This deformity can be quite painful, and the mallet deformity can limit the patient's ability to walk and other daily activities. Hammer toe deformity is caused by long-term use of shoes that do not fit the foot, long toe of the foot, long toe of the valgus, connective tissue disease and trauma.
Minor injuries may be treated without surgical means, but surgery is often required to completely treat and eliminate pain. The surgical procedure is to use a smooth K-wire (Kirschner wire) to anterogradely fix the intermediate phalanx to the distal phalanx while maintaining joint dilation and extension to stabilize the toes. Is also included. The K-wire is placed retrograde to the distal phalanx while maintaining joint dilation and extension. Fix for at least 4-6 weeks after surgery. During this time, cover the pins so that the sharp edges do not get caught in the sheets. Adhesion failure, K-wire movement, or fixation failure is common even with fixation techniques such as those described above. In addition, external K-wires can result in steel wire infection, or bone movement, including rotation of the distal surface of the toes along the smooth wire. Since such problems are observed, an alternative fixing method is desired.
The devices and methods described herein solve one or more problems found in prior art.
<p> One object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary fixation device used for bone fixation and stabilization.</p>
<p> The device includes a distal head consisting of a sharp-tipped, arrowhead-shaped distal part consisting of first, second, third and fourth outward flanks. The first and third sides face each other to form the first corner, and the second and fourth sides face each other to form the second corner. The second angle may be different from the first angle. Each of the first and third sides has edges that form a barb tip toward the proximal side. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede axial movement of the distal head in the proximal direction. The device also includes a proximal head with a pointed tip and an arrowhead-shaped proximal end with fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward flanks. The fifth and seventh sides face each other in opposition and form the third corner. The sixth and eighth sides face each other in opposition and form the fourth corner. Of these, the third corner may be different from the fourth corner. Each of the fifth and seventh sides has a tip that forms a stab at the tip towards the distal end. The barb is configured to move the tissue and prevent rotational movement and axial movement of the proximal head in the distal direction. A rigid body extends between the distal and proximal heads, connecting both. The main body shall have sufficient rigidity to surpass even when the burden of bending the finger is applied by the phalanx, and shall not bend.</p><p> Another object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary fixation device used for bone fixation and stabilization. The device includes a distal head consisting of an arrowhead-shaped distal end with a pointed tip and first, second, third and fourth outward flanks. The first and third sides face each other to form the first corner, and the second and fourth sides face each other to form the second corner. Each of the first and third sides has a tip that forms a barb tip towards the tip towards the proximal. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede proximal movement of the distal head. The second and fourth sides do not have a proximal tip forming a barb. The device includes an arrowhead-shaped proximal head with fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward flanks. The fifth and seventh sides face each other to form the third corner, and the sixth and eighth sides face each other to form the fourth corner. Each of the fifth and seventh surfaces has a tip that forms a tip of the barb toward the distal side. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede distal movement of the proximal head. The sixth and eighth sides do not have a proximal tip forming a barb. The device may also include a cylindrical body that extends between the distal and proximal heads and connects them together. The cylindrical body shall have sufficient rigidity to overcome the burden of bending the finger due to the phalanx and shall not bend.</p><p> Another object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary fixation device used for bone fixation and stabilization. The device includes a distal head with a pointed tip and consisting of an arrowhead-shaped distal end consisting of first, second, third and fourth outward flanks. The first and third sides face each other to form the first corner, and the second and fourth sides face each other to form the second corner. The second corner is different from the first corner. Each of the first and third sides has a tip that forms a stab at the tip towards the proximal. The distal head also contains a first pit (hollow) and a second pit, with each of the first and second pits having a depth such that the ends of the barbs are close to each pit. Has a The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede proximal movement of the distal head. The device also consists of the proximal end of the proximal head, with a pointed tip, consisting of the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward flanks, in the shape of a pyramid-like triangular pyramid. Includes the distal head in the shape of an arrowhead. The first and third sides form the first corner opposite to each other, and the second and fourth sides form the second corner opposite to each other. Each of the first and third sides has a tip that forms a barb tip towards the tip towards the proximal. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede proximal movement of the distal head. The second and fourth sides do not have a proximal tip forming a barb. The device includes an arrowhead-shaped proximal head with fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward flanks. The fifth and seventh sides face each other to form the third corner, and the sixth and eighth sides face each other to form the fourth corner. Each of the fifth and seventh surfaces has a tip that forms a tip of the barb toward the distal side. The proximal head may also have third and fourth sockets. Each of the third and fourth fossa has a depth such that the return end is close to each fossa. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede distal movement of the proximal head. A rigid body extends between the distal and proximal heads, connecting both. The main body shall have sufficient rigidity to surpass even when the burden of bending the finger is applied by the phalanx, and shall not bend. The body consists of the main part, the distal and proximal necks. The distal and proximal necks have a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the main part. The distal neck supports the distal head and the proximal neck supports the proximal head. The distal neck intersects the first and second fossa within the distal neck, and the proximal neck intersects the third and fourth fossa within the proximal neck.</p><p> Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a kit for bone fixation and stabilization. The kit consists of an intramedullary fixation device and insertion forceps. It forms the distal end, has a sharp tip, consists of the first, second, third and fourth outward flanks, and has a pyramid-shaped, arrowhead-shaped distal head. .. The first and third sides are contradictory and form a first angle and a second angle. The second and fourth sides are contradictory and form the second corner. Each of the first and third sides has an edge that forms a return tip towards the tip towards the proximal side. The barbs are configured to move the tissue, prevent rotational movement, and prevent the proximal movement of the distal head in the distal direction, with no barbs on the second and fourth sides. The device also consists of fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward facing surfaces. The fifth and seventh sides face each other to form the third corner, and the sixth and eighth sides face each other to form the fourth corner. Each of the fifth and seventh sides has a distal edge that forms the tip of the barb. The barb is configured to move tissue, prevent rotational movement, and prevent distal movement of the proximal head. There is no return on the 6th and 8th sides. A rigid cylindrical body extends between the distal and proximal heads, connecting both. The cylindrical body body shall be stiff enough to withstand the burden of bending the fingers by the phalanx and shall not bend. The insertion forceps are configured to firmly grip the intramedullary fixation device, and the converter has a first pit. The first recess is sized to accommodate the cylindrical body of the intramedullary fixation device. The insertion forceps include a second converter in the second recess formed therein. The second recess is sized to accommodate the cylindrical body of the intramedullary fixation device. The first and second converters are tuned to provide a sufficient grip on the cylindrical body of the intramedullary fixation device to prevent rotation and axis movement under standard insertion conditions. ..</p><p> Another object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary fixation device used for bone fixation and stabilization. The device consists of a distal end, a pointed tip, consisting of the first, second, third and fourth outward flanks, in the shape of a pyramid-like triangular pyramid. Includes the distal head. The first and third sides form the first corner opposite to each other, and the second and fourth sides form the second corner opposite to each other. The second angle is different from the second angle. Each of the first and third sides has a tip that forms a stab at the tip towards the proximal. The distal head also contains a second pit (hollow) and a second pit, with each of the first and second pits having a depth such that the ends of the barbs are close to each pit. Has a The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede proximal movement of the distal head. The device also consists of the proximal end of the proximal head, with a pointed tip, consisting of the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward flanks, in the shape of a pyramid-like triangular pyramid. Includes the distal head in the shape of an arrowhead. The fifth and seventh sides form the first corner opposite to each other, the second and fourth sides form the third corner opposite to each other, and the sixth and eighth sides form each other. The fourth corner is formed in the opposite direction, and the third corner is different from the fourth corner.</p><p> Each of the fifth and seventh sides has a tip that forms a return tip towards the tip toward the distal side. The proximal head also has third and fourth pits. Each of the third and fourth fossa has a depth such that the end of the barb is close to each fossa. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede distal movement of the proximal head. A rigid body extends between the distal and proximal heads, connecting both. The main body shall have sufficient rigidity to surpass even when the burden of bending the finger is applied by the phalanx, and shall not bend. It consists of the main part, the distal and proximal necks. The distal and proximal neck areas are smaller than the cross-sectional area of the main area. The distal neck part supports the distal head and the proximal neck part supports the proximal neck. The distal neck intersects the first and second fossa within the distal neck, and the proximal neck intersects the third and fourth fossa within the proximal neck.</p><p> Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a kit for bone fixation and stabilization. The kit consists of an intramedullary fixation device and insertion forceps. The intramedullary fixation device has a pointed tip and includes a distal head composed of an arrowhead-shaped cylinder consisting of first, second, third and fourth outward flanks. The first and third sides face each other to form the first corner, and the second and fourth sides face each other to form the second corner.</p><p> Each of the first and third sides has a tip that bulges toward the tip toward the proximal side. The barbs are configured to move the tissue, impede rotational movement, and prevent the proximal movement of the distal head in the distal direction, with no barbs on the second and fourth sides. The device also includes an arrowhead-shaped proximal head with fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outward flanks. The fifth and seventh sides face each other to form the third corner, and the sixth and eighth sides face each other to form the fourth corner. Each of the fifth and seventh sides has a tip that forms a return tip towards the tip toward the distal side. The barb is configured to move tissue, impede rotational movement, and impede distal movement of the proximal head. There is no return on the 6th and 8th sides. A cylindrical body extends between the distal and proximal heads, connecting both. The cylindrical body body shall have sufficient rigidity to overcome the burden of bending the finger due to the phalanx and shall not bend. The insertion forceps are configured to provide a firm grip on the intramedullary fixation device and include a first converter in the first recess formed therein. The first recess is sized to accommodate the cylindrical body of the intramedullary fixation device. The insertion forceps include a second converter in the second recess formed therein. The second recess is sized to accommodate the cylindrical body of the intramedullary fixation device. The first and second converters are tuned to provide a sufficient grip on the cylindrical body of the intramedullary fixation device to prevent rotation and axis movement under standard insertion conditions. ..</p><p> Yet another object of the present invention is to grab an intramedullary fixation device, insert the proximal end of the device into the intramedullary canal of the first bone element, and the end of the device into the intramedullary canal of the second bone element. It may provide a method consisting of a step of inserting into a bone marrow and releasing an intramedullary fixation device to push the first and second bone elements together.</p><p> Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary fixation device used for bone fixation and stabilization. The device consists of an arrowhead-shaped distal head with sharp distal end points, and also converges in the direction of the distal end points, and intersects the distal first, It consists of a second and third, arrowhead-shaped distal head consisting of outward flanks. The outwardly facing distal first surface has a maximum width that is wider than the maximum width of the outwardly facing distal second surface. At least one of the distal first, second, and third surfaces facing outwards moves tissue, impedes rotational movement, and impedes axial movement of the distal head in the proximal direction. , Has a barb tip formed in the proximal direction. A rigid body extends between the distal and proximal heads, connecting both. The main body shall have sufficient rigidity to surpass even when the burden of bending the finger is applied by the phalanx, and shall not bend. Other examples in the present invention describe a kit that includes an intramedullary fixation device. In yet another embodiment, the object of the present disclosure describes a method of transplanting an intramedullary fixation device.</p>
<figref num="1">FIG. 1 is a diagram of an intramedullary fixation device arranged between the toe proximal phalanx and adjacent positions of a patient's toes based on the technique of the present invention.</figref><figref num="2">FIG. 2 is a diagram of the intramedullary fixation device of FIG. 1 arranged between the toe proximal phalanx and adjacent positions of the patient's toes based on the technique of the present invention.</figref><figref num="3">FIG. 3 is a side view of an example of the intramedullary fixation device of FIG. 2 arranged between the toes of the patient's toes and at adjacent positions based on the technique of the present invention.</figref><figref num="3A">FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the line of FIG. 3A through the head of the intramedullary fixation device of FIG.</figref><figref num="4">FIG. 4 is another side view of an example of the intramedullary fixation device of FIG. 2, rotated 90 ° from the side view of FIG.</figref><figref num="4A">FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 4A through the head of the intramedullary fixation device of FIG.</figref><figref num="5">FIG. 5 is a diagram of another example of an intramedullary fixation device arranged between the toe proximal phalanx and adjacent positions of the patient's toes based on the technique of the present invention.</figref><figref num="6">FIG. 6 is a diagram of another example of an intramedullary fixation device arranged between the toe proximal phalanx and adjacent positions of the patient's toes based on the technique of the present invention.</figref><figref num="7">FIG. 7 is a diagram of a typical reamer surgical instrument that can be used for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="7A">FIG. 7A is a diagram of a typical reamer surgical instrument that can be used for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="8">FIG. 8 is a diagram of a typical brooch surgical instrument that can be used for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="8A">FIG. 8A is a diagram of a typical brooch surgical instrument that can be used for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="9">FIG. 9 is a diagram of a typical insertion tool surgical instrument that can be used for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="9A">FIG. 9A is a diagram of a typical insertion tool surgical instrument that can be used for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="10">FIG. 10 is a flow chart of typical surgical means for transplantation of an intramedullary fixation device according to one aspect of the present invention.</figref><figref num="11">FIG. 11 is a diagram of an example of an intramedullary fixation device arranged between the toe proximal phalanx and adjacent positions of the patient's toes based on the technique of the present invention.</figref>
The following disclosures provide a number of different embodiments and examples for performing different functions of different embodiments. To simplify the invention, specific examples of components and adjustments are provided below. These are just a few examples and the scope of the invention is not limited to them. Further, in the present disclosure, reference numbers and / or letters may be repeated in various examples. This is intended to simplify and clarify the text and does not determine the relationships between the various embodiments and / or configurations presented herein.
The present invention relates to an intramedullary fixation device used for bone fixation and stabilization of toes and fingers at the site of fusion or fracture, and for the treatment of deformities, including, for example, deformation of a hammer toe. The intramedullary fixation device includes a unique arrowhead design on both the proximal and distal ends. Upon transplantation, any part of the device is tuned to be completely in the bone marrow so that it does not come out of the skin. In addition, it is tuned to withstand and be unaffected by the rotation and traction of other small toes. In particular, the design geometry of the present invention ensures that the initial pressurization applied at the time of insertion is maintained.
In addition, due to its convenient double-lock design, the intramedullary fixation device allows healthcare professionals to perform transplant procedures faster and with less effort than traditional procedures such as using external wires such as K-wire. to enable. For example, bone removal with little or no bone removal in preparation for device implantation may reduce trauma and recovery time. In addition, the intramedullary fixation device in the present invention can permanently maintain a transplant installation. Therefore, unlike temporary fixing devices such as K-wire fixing, additional techniques for removing the device do not need to be performed at a later date. Thereby, the intramedullary fixation device in the present invention enables more comfortable recovery, reduction of infection infection incidents, and avoids additional postoperative K-wire transplantation removal, which is often unpleasant. become. In addition, unlike K-wire implants, the arrowhead-shaped design at both ends of the implant locks into the bone, reducing bone movement and rotation.
Figure 1 illustrates an toe 10 with an intermediate phalanx 12 and a proximal phalanx 14. In this example, the toe 10 is undergoing surgical treatment to correct a deformity such as the mallet deformity described above. Therefore, the toes include an intramedullary fixation device 100 transplanted and installed based on the representative technique of the present invention. In this example, device 100 extends between the intermediate phalanx and adjacent phalanxes 12, 14 and is implanted within it. Details are described below.
FIGS. 2 to 4 exemplify the embodiment of the apparatus 100 in the present invention. The device 100 is designed to have a three-dimensional arrowhead shape at both ends. It has a first head 102 and a second head 104, and the main body 106 extends between the first and second heads 102 and 104. As described below, each component of the device 100 acts to stabilize the bone during joint fixation surgery and fracture, respectively. For reference and explanation, the first head 102 is referred to as the distal head and the second head 104 is referred to as the proximal head in the present disclosure.
The distal head 102 is formed in a three-dimensional arrowhead shape with dimensions placed in the patient's intramedullary canal. Both ends of the arrowhead are configured to grip and insert the bone of the intramedullary canal to stabilize the joint fusion surgery or fusion site during osteosynthesis. In this embodiment, the distal head 102 is formed to have a distal end with a distal maximum point 108. The distal maximum point 108 guides the device 100 to the final implantation point with a reamer or brooch insertion tube upon insertion. In this example, the distal maximum point 108 is a pointed tip that glide through the tissue within the intramedullary canal and adjust for ease of insertion. The pointed tip 108 also reduces the trauma caused by the effects of tearing and tearing, which can occur with blunt-ended or rounded tips. The other structure of the arrowhead-shaped tip has the effect of facilitating insertion when preparing the insertion site.
The first, second, third and fourth outward facing surfaces 110, 112, 114, 116 intersect proximally at the distal maximum point 108 and extend from it, forming a four-sided pyramid. To form. Although illustrated as having four outward facing surfaces, some embodiments may have more or fewer outward facing surfaces. In this example, the opposite surfaces are angled from each other, defining the introduction angle. For example, the opposite first and third outward surfaces 110, 114 define an angle of 0 for the arrowhead distal head 102. In some examples, angle 0 is located in the range of about 30 ° to about 90 °. In another example, the angle 0 is in the range of about 50 ° to 70 °, and in other embodiments the angle is about 60 °. In a similar manner, the second and fourth surfaces 112, 116 of the outwardly facing arrowhead-shaped distal head 102 form an angle. In this example, the angle is less than zero. This angle is selectable in the range of about 10-40 ° , and in some embodiments it is in the range of about 15-25 °. In some examples, the angle is about 19 °. The angles described for the distal head vary based on the size and strength of the bone into which the device is implanted.
The width of the distal head 102 varies from end to end due to the different angles of the first and third surfaces 110 and 114 facing each other and the second and fourth surfaces 112 and 116 facing each other. This is also most prominent in Figure 3A, which is a cross-sectional view of the distal head 102 taken from Section 3A of Figure 3. For example, Figure 3A shows the first and third outward facing surfaces 110, 114 widths.<sub>1</sub> Is illustrated, and is narrower than the width w2 of the outward facing surfaces 112, 116. This difference in width increases resistance to rotation.
Although such an embodiment is contemplated, this difference in width increases resistance to rotation if the device 100 may be cylindrical or not perfectly square. In addition, the difference in width makes it possible to remove the device to be implanted, rotate it 90 °, and provide satisfactory mooring when re-implanted.
Returning to Figure 3, the distal head 102 has a width w<sub>3</sub> Has dimensions of and is longer than length L. The width w3 has dimensions in the range of 2 to 6 mm and the length has dimensions in the range of about 1.5 to 5.5 mm. In one example, width w<sub>3</sub> Is about 3.5 mm and the length L is about 3 mm. However, different dimensions are intended, large or small, and in one example the width and length are substantially equal.
In this example, the distal head 102 contains two proximal returns 118, 120. These bars are configured to retain tissue in the bone marrow intraductal after transplantation into the canal and resist movement and movement and / or axis movement. As can be seen, these returns 118, 120 are formed by the ends of the outer facing surfaces 110, 114, respectively, and due to the pyramidal shape of the distal head, they remain substantially parallel. Is retained.
The inner surface of the barbs 118 and 120 is formed by the first and second pits 122 and 124 located between the barbs 118 and 120 and the body 106, respectively. In this example, the fossa is formed at the tip of the distal end of the barbs 118, 120 so that it is cut in one direction into the body. This is also shown in the cross section of Figure 4A, cut along the line of Figure 4A in Figure 4. In this example, the pits 122 and 124 are formed by the arc surface. Due to the curve, the arc surface has a distal peak that is distal to the tip of the return 118, 120 itself. The pit surfaces 122 and 124 are the main body 106 Merges with to provide stronger resistance to traction. The illustrated shape with an arched surface provides greater surface area for the spongy bone, which increases resistance to traction more than a straight surface. The pits themselves provide space for inward bone growth, providing additional resistance to traction during healing and fusion and further stabilization. In the example shown here, the barbs are very rigid or inflexible, and in other embodiments, when the implant stays in the hard cortical bone, the pits may also bend the barbs. Some work as you can. In some embodiments, pits with surface profiles or shapes other than proximal arcs are formed. For example, some embodiments have a pit with a substantially flat surface, located at the distal end of the barbs 118, 120. These traverse the length direction of device 100. Another embodiment has a pit that is deeply directed towards the distal head 102 and is substantially parallel to the horns of the outwardly facing surfaces 110, 114. These are suitable when less traction is required. Device 100 because there is only 118 returns 120 along each side of the, when inserted, can lead to less tissue division than an arrowhead with multiple returns or some with equal maximum width. As a result of mild trauma, the tissue itself is less injured by mooring the barb and resisting removal or axial movement from the intramedullary canal.
A rigid body 106 extends between the distal head 102 and the proximal head 104, connecting both. A piece of rigid element is structurally constructed to hold the load on the supported joint or fracture. It includes the main body part 130 and the necks 132, 134 at both ends following the distal and proximal heads 102, 104. As can be seen from the figure, the diameter of the main body 130 is larger than the necks 132 and 134. The larger body portion 130 makes it easier to grab and hold for reasons described below. This is because the perimeter of the surface is longer and the dimensions of the neck 132, 134 are distal and proximal head 102, 104. The pit surface 122, 124 can have more additional tissue placement, the most recent tissue. This is because the size is such that it can grow. This allows for a more robust and permanent mooring. This structural adjustment provides more space for tissue growth, assists fixation at the rear of the arrowhead, and provides the body 106 with a larger surface for gripping. In the embodiments shown, the diameter of the main body 130 is about 1-3 mm. It is desirable that the diameter is about 1.5 mm. Larger or smaller diameters are also intended. In this example, the main body 130 is cylindrical, which provides features with consistent strength throughout the period of transplantation. In addition, the diameter is substantially consistent with its length so that the implant can be gripped with an insertion tool at any point on the main body to best fit the anatomical variation of the phalanx. Due to the rounded shape of the main body, the body can be gripped by the insertion tool for the tool in any desired rotational orientation, providing the medical personnel with the desired bone orientation and penetration. it can. The length of the body 106 is chosen so that the distal and proximal heads of the face-to-face contact the desired location within the phalanx when inserted into the bone. Thus, indefinitely, in some embodiments, the length of the device 100 is in the range of about 10-50 mm and the length of the body 106 is 7-44 mm. In one example, the body 106 has a diameter in the range of about 7 to 15 mm, a diameter of about 13 mm, and in another example a length of about 13 mm. Is. Larger or smaller bodies are also intended.
Continuing with reference to these figures, the second and fourth outward facing surfaces 112, 116 are angled and intersecting between the body 106 and the neck 132. In some examples, the second and fourth outward surfaces 112, 114 are smoothly connected to the neck, in other examples the second and fourth outward surfaces 112, 114 are relative to the neck 132. Has intersecting corners. In some examples, the neck 132 is formed so that the perimeter is rounded and the diameter is substantially close to the distance between the distal end and the second and fourth outward surfaces 112, 116. Has been done.
In a typical embodiment shown here, the ends connecting adjacent outward facing surfaces 110, 112, 114, 116 are blunt-ended or rounded and blunt. This is most apparent in the cross section shown in Figure 3A. In the example shown, the distal head 102 contains a blunt-ended 136 to form 45 ° with respect to the outward surfaces 110, 112, 114 and 116. However, in other embodiments, it has a rounded shape with a blunt end at another angle or with a radius such that a smooth transition from one outward surface to another. Similarly, in some cases, when the distal head invades the tissue, the tissue is cut at a 90 ° right angle between adjacent outward surfaces 110, 112, 114, 116. Will deviate and be more likely to be pushed. This allows the tissue to be kept closer to perfection during insertion of the device 100, resulting in better catch.
The second or proximal head 104 of the example shown here is substantially closer to the distal head 102 but extends from the opposite direction of the body 106. To avoid clarification and repetition of the text, the above description of the proximal head is not repeated here with the understanding that it applies equally to the proximal head 104. The distal and proximal heads resist movement, withdrawal, and rotation due to their opposite configuration.
The proximal and distal head 102, 104 and body 106 of the example shown here are equivalent to another with substantially the same dimensions and configuration. However, in some cases, the dimensions and composition of the distal and proximal heads are different. For example, the angle between the second and fourth outward surfaces on the distal head is slightly larger than the angle between the second and fourth outward surfaces on the distal head. Can be seen. Similarly, the angle 0 between the first and third outward surfaces on the distal head may be greater or less than the angle between the second and fourth outward surfaces on the distal head. To do. In some cases, the distal and proximal heads are only dimensionally proportional to each other. In one example, the width w3 of the distal and proximal heads is approximately 3.5 mm, which is approximately equal to the length L of about 3.0 mm. In another example, the width w3 of the proximal head is about 3.5 mm, and the width of the distal head is selected from about 2.0 mm, about 2.5 mm, and about 3.0 mm. In another example, the width of the proximal head is about 4.0 mm and the width of the distal head is about 2.0 mm, about 3.0 mm and about 3.5 mm. One of them is selected. Distal and proximal head dimensions are selected based on intent to use, including, for example, whether the device is intended for implantation into the toe phalanx of the toes or for fractures. Since not all intramedullary canals have the same diameter, healthcare professionals choose implants that provide the desired fit. For example, healthcare professionals respond to situations where the proximal phalanx has a larger medullary canal than the intermediate phalanx. Although the proximal head is described as if it were larger than the distal head, in some examples the distal head is larger than the proximal head in the dimensions described above. As an example, a special maximum width is specified, but here the dimensions may be slightly larger or smaller than those dimensions, and the dimensions are provided with one of the appropriate extensions. In addition, the angles vary based on the size and diameter of the bone to be treated. Therefore, the device 100 is sized to fit a wide range of dissections and joints of the phalanx.
Device 100 is sterilized and made of non-metallic medical materials, including stainless steel and titanium, composites, polymers and bioabsorbable. In one example, the device is made of 316L (F138) stainless steel. In another example, device 100 is made from a robust rod that has undergone a mechanical demetallizing process, including machining. After machining, the product is passivated according to ASTM A967-96 and any contaminants on the surface are also removed. It is then electronically polished to complete the surface and edge finishes and laser marked for ID purposes. Some designs are subject to metal injection molding.
Figure 5 shows another embodiment of device 100. For reference, the device in Figure 5 is referred to as number 100a. Many functions are the same as the device 100 in Figures 2-4, so only the differences will be described in detail. The device 100a includes a body 106a whose main body forms a body portion 103a with a plantaris flex bend 200. In this example, the bend 200 is a 10 ° plantaris flex bend. In different embodiments, bends selected in the range of about 5-25 ° are included. In some examples, the bend is chosen to be a bend of about 15 °, and in yet another embodiment, the bend is chosen to be a bend of about 5 °. Bend divides the body part 130a into a first part 202 and a second part 204. The first and second parts 202 and 204 define the first and second length axes that intersect at bend 200, respectively. In some cases, the bend 200 is located in the range of about 40-80% of the length of the body part 130a. In some cases, the bend is about 50-70% of the length of the body 130a Is in the range of. In some cases, the bend is in the range of about 70% of the length of the body part 130a. However, in another example, the bend 200 is installed elsewhere. Although shown here with a bend of 10 °, other embodiments include a bend with an angle of about 5-30 °, and another example has an angle in the range of about 7-15 °. .. In some cases, longer segments are particularly suitable for fitting to the proximal phalanx, and shorter segments are particularly suitable for fitting to the middle phalanx. As in the embodiment described above, the device 100a is made of a single solid monolithic material. Therefore, it is seamless, unwelded, and stress-free at joints and elsewhere. Whether it has a linear configuration or a bend configuration depends on the degree of deformation. The bend device 100a provides a bone-like bend at the fusion / fracture site.
Figure 6 shows another embodiment of device 100. For reference, the device in Figure 6 is referred to as number 100b. Since many functions are the same as for device 100 in Figures 2-4, only the differences are detailed here with the understanding that most of the other details and the above description are equivalent to those applied to device 100b. Device 100b includes first and second heads 102b, 104b. Similar to the heads shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the first and second heads 102 and 104 have a three-dimensional arrowhead shape.
For convenience, the first head 102b will be referred to as the distal head and will be described in detail. The distal head 102b includes a pointed distal maximum point 108b. The first, second, third and fourth outward facing surfaces extend proximally from the maximum distal point 108b to form a four-sided pyramid. Figure 6 shows only two of the four outward-facing surfaces, the outward-facing surfaces 110b and 112b. The face-to-face invisible surface shall be understood to be substantially equal to the 110b, 112b shown in the figure. However, in the present embodiment, the outward surface 110b and the surface facing the outward surface 110b are not completely flat, and the outward surface 110b is adjacent to the substantially flat side surfaces 112b and 112b. It has a large diameter that draws an arc between the outwardly facing sides, and is slightly convex. As a result, the returns 118b and 120c also have a slight arc or a round shape. Here, the radius of the arc is larger than the width or diameter of the implant.
Adjacent outward facing surfaces form blunt-ended, or unrounded edges in this example. However, due to the shape of the surface, where at least two outward surfaces are slightly arcuate, the angle is not yet correct in this example, but instead is less than a right angle. Note that right-angled ones are also intended.
Figure 7-9 shows the surgical instruments used when implanting the above devices. Figures 7 and 7A show the reamer 300, Figures 8 and 8A show the brooch 320, and Figures 9 and 9A show the insertion forceps 340.
First, touching Figure 7, the Reamer 300 is a length of stainless steel wire that penetrates the intramedullary canal of the phalanx of the toes or fingers without removing the bone, fits inside, and creates a guide hole. Is formed in. In one embodiment, the reamer 300 has a diameter of about 1.6 mm. The reamer 300 has a smooth 302 mantle needle end that constitutes the guide hole without removing the bone. In some examples, the reamer 300 includes a marking 304 that acts as a depth gauge in dilating the intramedullary canal. Figure 7A shows, for example, the tip 302 with laser marking 304 every 5 mm in more detail. In another embodiment, markings at different intervals are included, and in another embodiment, a single marking shown to determine the depth in advance is included. In some embodiments, there is no marking at all, and the surgeon estimates the depth of the reamer 300.
Figure 8 shows the details of the brooch. The brooch is sized to be inserted into a guide hole pre-made by the reamer 300 for insertion of the device 100. Here, the brooch 320 includes a handle 322 and a demyelination tool 324. In some cases, the demyelination tool 324 is twice the diameter of the reamer 300. The diameter of the demyelination tool is selected, for example, in the range of about 1.5-5.0 mm. In another example, the diameter is selected in the range of about 2.5-3.5 mm. In some examples, the demyelination tool 324 measures approximately 3.2 mm in diameter. Larger or smaller diameters are also intended. In the example shown here, the demyelination tool 324 includes a pointed cone 326 with an angle that matches the maximum angle of the distal and proximal head 102, 104 of device 100. For example, device 100 has first and third outward surfaces 110, which form an angle of 0, which is 60 °. 114 And the side of the conical tip 326 of the demyelination tool 324 also forms an angle of 60 °. In another example, the tip angle depends on the maximum angle of the distal and proximal heads and is chosen to match, for example, the angle formed by the second and fourth outward surfaces 112, 116. .. In another embodiment, the angle of the tip may be slightly greater or less than the angle of the outward surface.
Figure 8A details a portion of the demyelination tool 324. In some cases, the demyelination tool 324 includes a marking 328 that acts as a depth gauge in dilating the intramedullary canal. In this example, laser marking 328 is set, for example, every 5 mm.
Figure 9 shows the details of the insertion forceps 340. The insertion forceps 340 has 344, 346 connected 344, 346, grip ends 342 forming the first and second converters around the axis, which close and grip the device 100, and clamps the forceps 310. It has a grip end 348 with a locking mechanism 350 that stabilizes at 10. As shown in Figure 9A, when the converters 344 and 346 are in contact with each other, each converter 344 and 346 has lateral semi-circular recesses 352 and 354 formed inside each other. The recesses 352 and 354 are formed to cause friction on the body 106 of the device 100 so that the device is associated with the insertion forceps 340 and is stable against both rotation and axial movement. In the example shown, the recess is rounded to match the columnar shape of the body 106 of device 100. The columnar shape of the body 106 allows the insertion forceps 340 to be perfectly oriented 360 ° with respect to the tip of the arrowhead when making adjustments for the convenience of the surgeon or due to anatomical variations. The diameter dimension fits the body 106 properly, so the body 106 Determined based on the diameter of. In some cases, the diameter formed by the two facing recesses is about 5-15% smaller than the diameter of the body 106, stabilizing the grip of device 100. In one example, the body 106 has a diameter of about 1.50 mm, then the recesses 352 and 354 each have a radius of 0.70 mm, for a combined radius of 1.4 mm. In another example, the radius is sized to substantially match the body 106. Larger or smaller depressions are also intended. It is worth noting that the larger the diameter of the body 106, the larger the surface area of the insertion forceps and the greater the frictional resistance. Therefore, when the diameter of the main body 106 becomes relatively large, the diameters of the recesses 352 and 354 increase correspondingly, which is a desirable shape. During use, insert forceps 340 can be used to stop the implant firmly to prevent it from being inadvertently inserted deeper than desired. In addition, it allows the surgeon to make visual preparations for the depth at which the implant is to be placed. Also, It is constructed in such a way as to provide a safe surface if the implant requires additional force to further lower and deepen the dilated intramedullary canal.
In some cases, device 100 is provided as a kit containing one or more of the above-mentioned instruments. In one typical kit example, the device 100 described above includes a reamer 300, a brooch 320 and an insertion forceps 340. In another typical kit example, both device 100 and device 100a described above include a reamer 300, a brooch 320 and an insertion forceps 340. In other typical kits, one or more of devices 100, 100a involves only one instrument. In one embodiment, the kit includes one or more of the sterilized devices 100, 100a and the sterilized single-use instruments reamer 300, brooch 320, and insertion forceps 340. In another embodiment, the kit includes one or more of sterilized devices 100, 100a and a multi-use instrument reamer 300, brooch 320 and insertion forceps 340. In some kit embodiments, devices 100, 100a Is included with the instrument. In one embodiment, the kit includes six devices and a set of instruments. In another embodiment, the instrument is provided on an autoclave tray (not shown) for sterilization. Other kits and adjustments are also planned.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a typical surgical procedure 400 when implanting the device 100 using the instruments disclosed herein. As described below, the arrowhead-shaped construction of both the distal and proximal heads 102 and 104 grips the bone at both the fusion and fracture sites and provides internal stability. This can be achieved by pressing and locking the distal and proximal heads 102, 104 against the surrounding bone. The body 106 of the device 100 is the part of the implant that extends from each head (proximal and distal) and intersects or connects the sites of fusion or fracture.
The procedure begins at step 402, where the healthcare professional estimates the diameter and length of the implant based on a preoperative plan. In some cases, this is achieved by taking and examining a preoperative roentgen and estimating the internal diameter of the intramedullary canal of the affected phalanx at the site where the distal and proximal heads of device 100 are expected to hit. Will be done. In one embodiment, measuring the internal diameter of the bone site with a measuring rod is included. In another embodiment, the healthcare professional superimposes the image of the implant on the patient's roentgen photograph, taking into account the roentgen magnification, and calculates the diameter. The device is selected so that the inner diameter of the intramedullary canal is at least equal to the width of the distal or proximal head. In some embodiments, the healthcare professional chooses a device with heads of various dimensions to achieve an effective fit. This increases the chances of achieving proper purchase, facilitates insertion, and reduces collisions with the arrowhead-shaped barb cortex. In the process of selecting implants based on dimensions, there is also a device that fits each phalanx at the desired installation point 100 Includes steps to estimate the appropriate length of. Planning this length also allows healthcare professionals to estimate the depth at which each phalanx is spread.
In step 404, the medical practitioner exposes the head of the basal bone and the distal end of the middle segment bone. This is achieved by making an incision in the transplant site, making an incision in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, and exposing the head of the proximal phalanx. Tissue is removed from the proximal end of the intermediate phalanx. This includes disconnecting the base of the phalanx from the plantar plate if the healthcare professional is unable to pull the toes sufficiently apart to place them on the distal head of the implant. Once properly exposed, healthcare professionals remove the head of the proximal phalanx and the base of the intermediate phalanx.
In step 406, the healthcare professional uses a reamer 300 to create a guide confucius under both the proximal and distal phalanx intramedullary canals. At this time, it is necessary to observe the laser mark in order to estimate the depth of the guide hole according to the depth determined when the implant was selected by the dimension in step 402. Alternatively, a K-wire or hand drill can be used to pre-drill the guide holes.
In step 408, the healthcare professional uses a brooch 320 to open a guide hole in each phalanx. This results in a larger diameter of the guide hole in preparation for receiving the device 100. Similar to step 408, it is necessary to observe the laser mark to estimate the depth of the hole widened to the depth determined when selecting the implant by dimension in step 402. The widening of the hole reduces the size of the spongy bone of the proximal phalanx, which is the proximal and distal head of the device 100 at the time of insertion, and preserves the bone well. In some examples, as shown in step 410, the healthcare professional records the depth of the brooch and re-estimates the length of the device required to fit the widened guide hole desirable. / Initial estimate.
The device 100 shown here is a one-piece device made of a substantially solid material and does not require any special work or procedure. For example, unlike other shape memory alloy devices, device 100 can be stored at room temperature because it does not require deviation correction for mooring.
In step 412, the healthcare professional grips device 100 with insert forceps 340. This includes fitting the body 106 into the recesses 352 and 354 of the insertion forceps 340 and fixing the grip using a locking mechanism 350. In addition, the device 100 must be gripped at the depth of the proximal phalanx and away from the edges. In step 414, the healthcare professional assists in inserting the device 100 into the proximal phalanx and anchoring it in the intramedullary canal. Use insertion forceps to stop firmly at the desired distance to prevent the implant from being inadvertently inserted deeper than desired. In addition, the surface above the head of the device 100 helps the implant to be held within the expanded canal, making the taper less likely to get caught in the spongy bone. With the insertion force 340 still in contact with device 100, the surgeon then grabbed the toes at the distal portion of the bone and placed the toes in a preparatory hole in the intermediate phalanx across the distal surface of device 100. Place the device 100 in the intramedullary canal. Then squeeze with the insertion tool 340. Device 100, with both ends of device 100 in adjacent phalanxes Remove the insertion forceps 340 from.
At step 416, the healthcare professional grabs and squeezes the two phalanges together so that the proximal and distal ends of device 100 are deeper and penetrate to the final lock position of both intramedullary canals. .. This puts device 100 completely into the bone marrow. In step 418, the wound is surgically closed.
In some embodiments, the final position of device 100 is evaluated by X-ray in any of the procedures before and after closing the wound to ensure that the phalanx is in close contact. Device 100 is a single-use bone fixation device designed for permanent implantation into the intramedullary canal, eliminating the need for follow-up procedures or surgery. Although only device 100 is described here, it is clear that this applies to any of the devices disclosed herein.
As mentioned above, the representative device 100 is also used for treatments other than hammer toe deformity (hammer toe), and in some embodiments, it is used for the treatment of finger symptoms or as an alternative for the treatment of fractures. Will be done. Figure 11 is an example of a device 100 implanted in the phalanx of the hand. Device 100 is ported in a manner similar to that described above. Moreover, the removal of the device is easier than with conventional devices. For example, to remove the device, first cut the cylindrical subject, then fit the cannulated drill to the cylindrical subject, use the drill to remove the bone growth, and without tearing the bone. The arrowhead-shaped tip can be removed. This eliminates the need for healthcare professionals to cut bone to remove implants. Therefore, the cylindrical shape of the main body reduces the likelihood of damaging the cortical bone during post-treatment surgery. Device 100 Can be used in, but is not limited to, hand surgery, orthopedic surgery, cosmetic surgery and foot disease surgery. In addition, the implant is inserted at an angle determined by the intended position of the medullary bone within the intramedullary canal bone. In some embodiments, implants are also placed in the cortical bone and tendons of the hands and feet.
In some embodiments, device 100 is machined from a single piece of 316L stainless steel into a single monolithic structure without welding. Different lengths are provided to fit different patient dimensions. The overall length of the device 100 ranges from 10 mm to 40 mm, with a length range from 15 mm to 25 mm. Since the device 10 is made of a single piece of metal, there is no potential for increased stress due to welding or glue and there is no need to assemble during surgery. In addition, materials and dimensions are selected to provide bending and fatigue properties so that the device can withstand the pressure applied to smaller toes.
In some embodiments, the arrowheads can be reconstructed in different positions, yet maintain equivalent stability at the joint fixation / fracture site. For example, in some embodiments the proximal arrow is perpendicular to the shaft or the distal arrow is horizontal to the shaft. The same is true for the different angle increments for each arrow.
For other embodiments of the invention, experts in the art can clearly understand that it includes uses and embodiments related to the invention. The specifications and examples shown herein are presented for explanatory purposes, and the spirit and scope of the present invention are set forth in the claims described below.
100 Intramedullary fixation device 102 First head 104 Second head 106 body 118,120 return 110,112,114,116 Surface 122,124 340 Insertion forceps 344,346 Converter
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Priority claims11
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Numbers
- Publication
- 2013523402
- Publication, DOCDB
- 2013523402
- Publication, EPODOC
- JP2013523402
- Application
- 2013505043
- Application, DOCDB
- 2013505043
- Application, EPODOC
- JP20130505043
Titles2
- Japanese
- 骨髄内固定装置と骨固定と安定化方法
- English
- Intramedullary fixation device and bone fixation and stabilization method
Classification
- CPC, 4
- A61B17/7291
- A61B17/16
- A61B17/7225
- A61B17/7233
- IPC, 2
- A61B17 72
- A61B17 56
Designated states4
- Regional, 4
- Zimbabwe
- Turkmenistan
- Türkiye
- Togo