Pull rod connection to journal

The present disclosure relates to a pull rod connection to a rotating member journal.

In FIG. 1, an opposed piston and an opposed cylinder (OPOC) engine 10 are disclosed in an isometric projection. The suction piston 12 and the exhaust piston 14 reciprocate (move) in each of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. Exhaust piston 14. Connected to the (invisible) journal of crankshaft 20 via push rod 16 (cylinder is not shown to make it easier to see the movement of the piston) Each suction containing two pull rods 18. A suction piston 12 connected to the two journals of the crankshaft 20 via a pull rod 18 using a piston. The first cylinder and the second cylinder, in which the piston reciprocates, are parallel, but these are arranged as disclosed on the front side and the left side, and the function of the pull rod 18 in cooperation with the cylinder that has transitioned in the negative Y direction. Complement each other in the Y direction with respect to the pull rods 18 associated with the cylinders disclosed in the rear and right directions. The push rods 16 are placed in the same situation as each other. High cost effectiveness can be achieved by making the four pull rods 18 the same in terms of design and the two push rods 16 the same. However, such an offset design has the disadvantage that when the two cylinders are collinear, the width of the engine is wider than it would otherwise be. Torque is introduced by the offset of the two cylinders.

One option for overcoming cylinder offsets is the use of fork rods, as described in US Pat. No. 1,322,824, invented by F. Royce. By using the fork rod / blade structure in the engine of Figure 1, the length of the journal (or crank pin) can be shortened. The cylinder should also be collinear. The width of the engine can be reduced and the unbalanced power can be reduced. However, in such a structure, the piston in one cylinder is connected to the crankshaft by a fork rod, and the corresponding piston in the opposite cylinder is connected to the crankshaft by a blade rod, so it is used for the engine. There is an inconvenience that the number of high-value parts increases. The system for connecting the rod to the crankshaft allows the use of collinear cylinders as disclosed in US Pat. No. 1,322,824, while being used in the arrangement shown in Figure 1 for two cylinders. Common parts that can be made are desired.

<p><patcit num="1"><text>US Pat. No. 1,322,824</text></patcit></p>

<p> A connecting rod assembly that achieves a reduction in the number of parts while allowing in-line placement of cylinders is disclosed herein. Such assemblies include: cylindrical journals, first and second bearing shells placed on the journal, first bearing caps and second bearing shells placed on the first bearing shell: The second bearing cap placed on the part. The first bearing cap includes a concave surface that forms a cylindrical portion that is combined with the convex surface of the first bearing shell portion. The first bearing cap has first and second fingers extending outward from the first end of a cylindrical portion having a predetermined width gap between the first and second fingers. The first bearing cap has a third finger that extends outward from the second end of the cylinder. The second bearing cap includes a concave surface that forms a cylindrical portion that is combined with the convex surface of the second bearing shell portion. The second bearing cap has first and second fingers extending outward from the first end of a cylindrical portion having a predetermined width gap between the first and second fingers. The second bearing cap has a third finger that extends outward from the second end of the cylinder. The third finger of the first bearing cap is combined with the first and second fingers of the second bearing cap, and the third finger of the second bearing cap is combined with the first and second fingers of the first bearing cap.</p><p> A pre-defined diameter orifice is defined for each of the first, second and third fingers of both the first and second bearing caps, with the orifice located near the tip of the finger. The orifice should be placed sufficiently parallel to the central axis of the journal.</p><p> The assembly further includes a first connecting rod that connects to the outer end of a connecting rod that is well shaped to form an elongated isosceles triangle. The first connecting rod includes: a first corner suitable for combination with a reciprocating element, a second corner with a predetermined width single tab that defines an orifice of a predetermined diameter through it, and each A third corner with a double tab that defines an orifice of a predetermined diameter. The double tabs are separated by a predetermined width gap, the first connecting rod is a single tab combined with the first and second fingers of the first bearing cap, and the first bearing cap combined with the double tab of the first connecting rod. It is placed on the 2nd bearing shell with 3 fingers. The first pin is inserted through the orifice into the single tab and the orifice is inserted into the first and second fingers of the first bearing cap. Insert the second pin through the orifice into the single tab and insert the orifice into the third finger of the first bearing cap.</p><p> The assembly further includes a second connecting rod that connects to the outer end of the connecting rod that is well shaped to form an elongated isosceles triangle. The second connecting rod includes: a first corner suitable for combination with a reciprocating element, a second corner with a predetermined width single tab that defines an orifice of a predetermined diameter through it, and each A third corner with a double tab that defines an orifice of a predetermined diameter. Double tabs are separated by a predetermined width gap. The second connection rod is the first bearing shell part together with the third finger of the second bearing cap to be combined with the single tab of the second connection rod to be combined with the first and second fingers of the second bearing cap and the double tab of the second connection rod. Placed on top of. Insert the third pin through the orifice into the single tab of the second connecting rod and insert the orifice into the first and second fingers of the second bearing cap. Insert the 4th pin through the orifice into the double tab of the 2nd connecting rod and insert the orifice into the 3rd finger of the 2nd bearing cap.</p><p> The first pin has a radial groove near its end. In addition, each 2nd pin has a radial groove near the end with a 1st snap ring to be combined with the groove in the 1st pin and a 2nd snap ring to be combined with the groove in the 2nd pin. ing.</p><p> The options are to insert the snap ring into the annular groove defined in the second finger; insert the snap ring into the annular groove defined in the third finger; the first defined annular groove on the double tab. Insert the snap ring into the groove; in addition, insert the snap ring into the second defined annular groove on the double tab.</p><p> In the other option, the counterbore of counterbore diameter is the orifice and collinear in the second finger. Insert the snap ring into the annular groove defined in the second finger. The counterbore of counterbore diameter is the orifice and collinear in one of the double tabs. Insert the snap ring into the annular groove defined in one of the double tabs. The bodies of pins 1 and 2 have a predetermined diameter, and the heads of pins 1 and 2 have a counterbore diameter.</p><p> According to some embodiment conditions, the first and second through-holes of the orifice are defined in the first bearing shell located near the end of the first bearing shell and the first threaded orifice. And the second orifice are defined in the second bearing shell portion located near the end of the second bearing shell portion. The first screw is inserted through the first through hole of the orifice of the first bearing shell portion, and the threaded portion of the first screw is meshed with the first threaded orifice of the second bearing shell portion. The second screw is inserted through the second orifice through hole of the first bearing shell portion, and the threaded portion of the second screw is meshed with the second threaded orifice of the second bearing shell portion.</p><p> According to some materialization requirements, the first bearing shell portion and the second bearing shell portion are provided with fingers extending outward from at least one end of each of the bearing shell portions. The orifice is defined in the finger containing the axis of the orifice that is fairly parallel to the central axis of the journal. The fingers of the first bearing shell and the second bearing shell mesh with each other to form a box joint using a dwell pin inserted into the meshing finger via an orifice.</p><p> The first bearing cap in some embodiment includes a cylindrical concave surface and pins extending radially from it. The first bearing shell portion is provided with a cylindrical convex surface including the opening defined therein, and the pin is engaged with the opening. The openings may be fairly evenly distributed between the ends of the first bearing shell and may be grooves that extend a distance shorter than the circumference of the first bearing shell by 30 degrees. The second bearing cap contains a cylindrical concave surface and pins extending radially from it. The second bearing shell portion includes a defined groove in the cylindrical convex surface associated therewith. The groove associated with the second bearing shell extends a distance shorter than the circumferential length of the second bearing shell, and the pin associated with the second bearing cap meshes with the groove associated with the second bearing shell. .. The relative rotational movement of the first bearing shell that occurs with respect to the first bearing shell cap is blocked by a pin that meshes with the opening.</p><p> The first bearing shell contains first and second oil holes 60 degrees from its first and second ends; the inner surface of the first bearing shell contains the first bearing shell. Includes a first annular oil groove extending from the first end of the first bearing shell to the first oil hole; in addition, the inner surface of the first bearing shell extends from the second end of the first bearing shell to the second oil hole. Includes second annular oil groove. The third oil groove defined on the outer surface of the first bearing shell portion extends between the first oil hole and the second oil hole. As an option, a third oil groove is defined in the concave portion of the first bearing cap, which is the first bearing located at all relative positions of the first bearing cap from the first oil hole to the first bearing shell. Extend to the second oil hole in the shell.</p><p> The first bearing cap includes an oil hole at the end of the hole close to the convex surface that penetrates a cylindrical portion with a larger diameter oil hole. The pin has a hollow structure, and the hollow pin is inserted into an oil hole.</p><p> Threaded holes are described at the ends of the first, second and third fingers according to alternative embodiments. In this case, the screw holes are positioned at substantially parallel portions. The first connecting rod having the rod portion, the journal connecting portion and the piston connecting portion are provided with a journal connecting portion having two flanges parallel to each other located at a portion substantially perpendicular to the axis of the rod portion. The first flange has two through holes and the second flange has one through hole. The journal connecting portion has a surface facing the side facing away from the rod portion that defines the portion of the concave cylinder. The first bolt is placed in one of the two through holes and is combined with the screw in the threaded hole specified in the first finger of the first bearing cap. The second bolt is placed in the other hole selected from the two through holes and is combined with the screw in the threaded hole specified in the second finger of the first bearing cap. The third bolt is located in one through hole and is combined with the screw in the threaded hole defined in the third finger of the first bearing cap. The second connecting rod is similarly fixed to the second bearing cap.</p><p> The first bearing cap includes two parallel bearing surfaces extending inward away from the end of the cylindrical portion of the first bearing cap and two parallel bearing surfaces inwardly tangent.</p><p> The first connecting rod includes two parallel bearing surfaces that are in outward contact with the bearing surface of the first bearing cap that is held in a portion facing the bearing surface.</p><p> The second bearing cap includes two parallel bearing surfaces extending inwardly apart from the end of the cylindrical portion of the second bearing cap; and two parallel bearing surfaces inwardly tangent; in addition, a second bearing cap. The connecting rod includes two parallel bearing surfaces that are in outward contact with the bearing surface of the second bearing cap at a portion facing the bearing surface of the second connecting rod.</p><p> The journal in some embodiment is the part of the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine that has a journal that rotates preferentially in one direction. The journal in the alternative embodiment does not always rotate and sways back and forth.</p><p> The third finger of the bearing cap has a width approximately equal to the predetermined width of the gap between the first and second fingers of the bearing cap, measured along an axis parallel to the central axis of the journal. included. In some embodiments, the first, second and third fingers are approximately parallel to each other.</p><p> The contents disclosed by this application include a journal connection assembly including a first connecting rod with a first corner suitable for combination with a reciprocating element, a second corner with a predetermined width single tab and a third corner with a double tab. Is also included. The first bearing cap contains a concave surface that forms a cylinder that meshes with the convex surface of the first bearing shell, and the first bearing cap has first and second outward extensions from the first end of the cylinder. Includes fingers. The first bearing cap contains a third finger that extends outward from the second end of the cylinder, and the third finger of the first bearing cap is between the double tabs at the third corner of the first connecting rod. It is a positioned slide. Further, the single tab located at the second corner of the first connecting rod is a slide located between the first and second fingers of the first bearing cap. The second connecting rod includes a first corner suitable for pairing with a reciprocating element, a second corner with a single tab and a third corner with a double tab. The assembly further includes a second bearing cap with a concave surface that forms a cylinder that meshes with the convex surface of the first bearing shell. The second bearing cap includes first and second fingers extending outward from the first end of the cylinder and a third finger extending outward from the second end of the cylinder. The third finger of the second bearing cap is a slide between the double tabs at the third corner of the second connecting rod. The single tab at the second corner of the second connecting rod is the slide between the first and second fingers of the second bearing cap. The assembly can further have a journal and first and second roller bearings, including multiple needle bearings nested during the bearing race. Assembled with a journal, provided that the inner recess of the cylinder of the first bearing cap and the second bearing cap is mounted on the needle bearing. The first roller bearing part and the second roller bearing part to be mated. The option is to include the journal in the assembly. The inner concave part of the cylinder part of the first bearing cap and the second bearing cap meshes with the outer convex surface of the journal.</p><p> Also disclosed herein are methods of incorporating two connecting rods into one journal, including the following steps: placing parts 1 and 2 of the bearing shell on top of the journal; on the 1st bearing cap. Of the two bearings, provided that the first and second fingers extend away from the top of the first bearing cap and the third finger extends away from the bottom of the first bearing cap. The step of placing the first bearing cap on one; and the step of engaging the second bearing cap with the first bearing cap. The second bearing cap includes first and second fingers extending from a portion distant from its bottom and a third finger extending from a portion distant from the top of the second bearing cap. For meshing, the 3rd finger of the 1st bearing cap slides into the gap between the 1st and 2nd fingers of the 2nd bearing cap, and the 3rd finger of the 1st bearing cap is the 1st finger of the 2nd bearing cap. It is necessary to slip into the gap between the and the second finger.</p><p> The method may include: placing the first connecting rod on the outer surface of the second bearing cap, inserting the first bolt into the first through hole through the hole in the first connecting rod; first The step of engaging the screw of the bolt with the screw of the 1st bolt hole in the 1st finger of the 1st bearing cap; the step of inserting the 2nd bolt into the 2nd through hole in the 1st connecting rod; 2nd bolt Step to engage the screw in the 2nd bolt hole in the 2nd finger of the 1st bearing cap; the step to insert the 3rd bolt into the 3rd through hole in the 1st connecting rod; 1st bearing cap The step of engaging the screw of the 3rd bolt hole in the 3rd finger of the 3rd bolt and the screw of the 3rd bolt; the step of placing the 2nd connecting rod on the outer surface of the 1st bearing cap; The step of inserting into the 1st through hole; the step of engaging the screw in the 1st bolt hole in the 1st finger of the 2nd bearing cap with the screw of the 4th bolt; the 5th bolt in the 2nd connecting rod Step to insert into the 2nd bolt hole of the screw; step to engage the screw of the 5th bolt with the screw in the 3rd through hole in the 2nd finger of the 2nd bearing cap; The step of inserting into the 2nd through hole inside; and the step of engaging the 6th bolt screw with the 3rd bolt hole in the 3rd finger of the 2nd bearing cap. The first bearing cap in some embodiment includes an outwardly extending pin, the opening being defined by the outer surface of the first portion of the bearing shell. The method may include the step of engaging the pin with the opening to limit the movement of the first bearing cap associated with the first part of the bearing shell.</p><p> Some alternative methods of embodiment include the step of placing the first connecting rod on the outer surface of the second bearing cap. The first end of the first connecting rod is suitable for connecting with the reciprocating element; the first corner on the second end of the first connecting rod has a single tab containing an orifice; The second corner on the second end of the first connecting rod meshes with two tabs and two tabs, including an orifice with a single tab that meshes with the second and third fingers of the second bearing cap. Includes the first finger of the second bearing cap. The method is to insert the first pin through the orifice into a single tab, insert the orifice into the second and third fingers of the second bearing cap, and insert the second pin through the orifice into the two tabs. Insert into, insert the orifice into the first finger of the second bearing cap, and install the first snap ring near the first pin and the second snap ring near the second pin Further steps can be included. The second connecting rod may be assembled on the journal in the same way.</p><p>In the present application, a cylindrical journal, a first bearing portion and a second bearing portion connected on the journal, a first bearing cap arranged on the first bearing portion, and a concave surface that meshes with the convex surface of the first bearing portion. Also disclosed is a journal and connecting rod assembly that includes a first bearing cap that includes, and a second bearing cap that is located on the second bearing section. The second bearing cap includes a concave surface to be combined with the convex surface of the second bearing portion. The first bearing cap includes a first finger extending outward from the first end of the cylindrical portion of the first bearing cap, a second finger, and a second finger extending outward from the second end of the cylindrical portion of the first bearing cap. Contains 3 fingers. The second bearing cap includes a first finger extending outward from the first end of the cylindrical portion of the second bearing cap, a second finger, and a second finger extending outward from the second end of the cylindrical portion of the second bearing cap. Contains 3 fingers. The third finger of the first bearing cap is combined with the first and second fingers of the second bearing cap, and the third finger of the second bearing cap is combined with the first and second fingers of the first bearing cap. Each of the first, second and third fingers of the first bearing cap and the second bearing cap has an orifice specified in the present application. For assembly, the first of the first bearing caps A first connecting rod with three orifices suitable for aligning with the three holes in the second and third fingers, and three in the first, second and third fingers of the second bearing cap. A second connecting rod with three orifices suitable for alignment with the holes in the can be further included. The shafts of the three orifices in the first and second connecting rods and the shafts of the holes in the first, second and third fingers of the first and second bearing caps are of the journal. It is almost parallel to the central axis. The orifices are lined up with the associated holes. Insert the pins into the aligned orifice. As an option, journal the shafts of the three orifices in the first and second connecting rods and the shafts of the holes in the first, second and third fingers of the first and second bearing caps. It should be perpendicular to the central axis and parallel to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd fingers of the associated bearing cap. Align the orifice with the relevant hole, thread the hole in the bearing cap, insert the bolt into the orifice and mesh with the screw in the hole.</p><p> The assembly includes a vertical hole for oil specified in the journal that is fairly parallel to the axis of rotation of the journal, a radial oil hole specified in the journal that fluidly connects the vertical hole for oil and the surface of the journal, and a bearing shell. The oil holes specified in the 1st and 2nd bearing shells, along with the oil holes located at about 1/3 of the distance between the ends, the oil holes and the 1st bearing shell. An oil groove on the concave surface of the first bearing shell that extends circumferentially between the close ends, and a concave surface of the second bearing shell that extends circumferentially between the oil hole and the close end of the second bearing shell. The upper oil groove, the oil groove on the convex surface of the first bearing shell portion between the oil holes and the holes, and the oil groove on the convex surface of the second bearing shell portion between the oil holes may be included. ..</p><p> The assembly includes inwardly extending pins and openings defined in the first bearing, pins inserted into orifices in the concave surface of the first bearing cap, relatives that occur between the first bearing and the first bearing cap. Pins inserted into orifices in the concave surface of the first bearing cap may be included along with pins indexed at the openings to limit movement. Pins indexed at the opening significantly prevent relative movement from occurring, and the second bearing cap is unpinned.</p><p> The opening in some embodiment is the first groove, and the assembly contains a pin inserted into the orifice in the concave surface of the second bearing cap and a pin indexed at the opening of the second bearing. The second groove specified in is further included. The first groove and the second groove limit the relative movement of the first bearing with respect to the first bearing cap and the relative movement of the second bearing with respect to the second bearing cap. The convex surface of the first bearing portion and the second bearing portion is extended by a predetermined length.</p><p> The advantages provided by the above-mentioned embodiment include, for example, mounting two pistons to enable a more compact engine, one shared bearing for two pull rods. Is to be provided. In addition to the above, friction is reduced. The amount of friction is the same while pulling, but the total friction of the engine is quantitatively reduced because there is no friction in the non-pulling revs.</p>

(Specific) The invention will be described by using an example with reference to the following explanatory diagram:<figref num="1">It is an isometric view explaining the setting example of the opposed piston and the opposed cylinder engine.</figref><figref num="2">It is an isometric view of the connecting rod with respect to the crankshaft journal connection made according to the materialization requirements of this invention.</figref><figref num="3">The connecting rods and bearing caps associated with the components described in Figure 2 are shown.</figref><figref num="4">The connecting rods and bearing caps associated with the components described in Figure 2 are shown.</figref><figref num="5">It is an exploded view of the connecting rod / bearing cap system made according to the materialization requirements of this invention.</figref><figref num="6">It is explanatory drawing with respect to the connecting rod of FIG.</figref><figref num="7">An alternative connecting rod is shown.</figref><figref num="8A">It is explanatory drawing of the bearing shell part of FIG.</figref><figref num="8B">It is explanatory drawing of the alternative materialization which fixes a bearing shell part.</figref><figref num="9">It is explanatory drawing of the specific example of the alternative roller bearing.</figref><figref num="10">It is explanatory drawing of various concrete examples of pinning a pull rod using a bearing cap.</figref><figref num="11">It is explanatory drawing of various concrete examples of pinning a pull rod using a bearing cap.</figref><figref num="12">It is a drawing explaining the difference in arrangement which occurs in a piston and a connecting rod by the difference in the rotation angle of a crank.</figref><figref num="13">It is a drawing which shows the crank connection which conformed to one materialization requirement of the pinning of a shell bearing part in two crank positions.</figref><figref num="14">It is a drawing explaining the difference in arrangement which occurs in a piston and a connecting rod by the difference in the rotation angle of a crank .</figref><figref num="15">It is a drawing which shows the crank connection which conformed to one materialization requirement of the pinning of a shell bearing part in two crank positions.</figref><figref num="16">It is a drawing which shows the detail of the crank connection in two crank parts which meet a certain materialization requirement which restricts the movement of a shell bearing part.</figref><figref num="17">It is a drawing explaining the difference in arrangement which occurs in a piston and a connecting rod by the difference in the rotation angle of a crank.</figref><figref num="18">It is a drawing which shows the detail of the crank connection in two crank parts which meet a certain materialization requirement which restricts the movement of a shell bearing part.</figref><figref num="19">It is a flowchart of an assembly process for executing two concrete examples disclosed.</figref><figref num="20">It is a flowchart of an assembly process for executing two concrete examples disclosed.</figref>

As those with ordinary skills in the field understand, the various features of the example illustrated or described with reference to any one of the drawings are one that causes an alternative example to be generated. Alternatively, in combination with the features illustrated in other figures above that, alternative embodiments that have not yet been explicitly illustrated or explained can be generated. The combination of illustrated features provides a representative embodiment for a typical application. However, various combinations and improvements of features consistent with the techniques of the present invention may be coveted for special applications or practices. People with ordinary skills in this field may allow equivalent use or practice, whether explicitly explained or illustrated.

FIG. 2 discloses an isometric view of journal 96 with a center axis 99 that coincides with center 97 of journal 96. The journal 96 is connected to the two connecting rod portions 100a and 100b via the bearing caps 102a and 102b, respectively. The two bearing sections 98a and 98b are contained between the bearing caps 102a, 102b and the journal 96. Bearing caps 102a and 102b, respectively, have the first fingers 104a and 104b (not visible in FIG. 2), the second fingers 106a and 106b (not visible in FIG. 2), and the third. Fingers 108a and 108b are included. The first finger 104a and the second finger 106a of the bearing cap 102a mesh with the third finger 108b of the bearing cap 102b. The width of the groove between the first finger 104a and the second finger 106a is essentially equal to the width of the third finger 108b. Further, the width of the first finger 104a is substantially equal to the width of the second finger 106a. The connecting rod 100a includes a first flange 110a and a second flange 112a; the connecting rod 100b includes a first flange 110b and a second flange 112b. The through hole 116 (shown in FIG. 4) and the through hole 118 are formed in the flange 112b, and the through hole 122 (shown in FIG. 4) is formed in the flange 110b. The bolts 124b and 126b are inserted into the through holes 116 and 118, respectively, and mesh with the screws in the threaded holes 128b and 130b shown in FIGS. 104b and 106b, respectively. The bolt 132b is inserted into the through hole 122b and meshes with the screw in the threaded hole 134b.

FIG. 4 shows that the single pull rod 100 includes a first flange 110 with a hole 122 and a second flange 112 with two orifices 116 and 118. However, since the two orifices are aligned, one orifice is shown as an illusion. The concave surface 136 forms a portion of the cylinder. The pull rod 100 also includes a portion of the rod that has a small end at its end. The pull rod 100 has a bearing surface 144. The bearing surface 144 is located at the end of the concave surface 136 in a plane parallel to each other and extends outward. It can be stated that the pull rod 100 includes a piston connection (also referred to as a small end 142), a journal connection 143 and a rod 145 between the two connections. FIG. 3 illustrates a bearing cap 102 that can be combined with the pull rod 100. Only one of the first finger 104 and the second finger 106 can be seen in this figure. There is a third finger 108 on the other end of the bearing cap 102. The screw holes 134b are arranged so as to be aligned with the holes 110 of the pull rod 100. The screw holes 128 and 130 are arranged so as to align with the through holes 116 and 118 of the pull rod 100. The bearing cap 102 includes a concave surface that forms part of the cylinder. Extending from the end of the concave surface 146 is a bearing surface 148 that is parallel and faces each other. When assembling the bearing cap 102 together with the pull rod 100, the bearing surface 144 of the pull rod 100 faces the bearing surface 148 of the bearing cap 102. The bearing surface 144 is pulled by the fingers 104, 106 and 108 to support the bearing cap 102 so that it is not crushed. Any slight deformation of the bearing cap 102 will increase friction in the journal.

An alternative embodiment of the pull rod / bearing cap system 158 is disclosed in FIG. 5 using an isometric view. The pull rods 160a and 160b have small ends 162a and 162b suitable for connecting with reciprocating elements such as pistons. The pull rod 160a has a first tab 164a and a second tab 166a separated by a predetermined width gap 168a. The pull rod 160a has a third tab 170a. Each of the first, second and third tabs 164a, 166a and 170a has a predetermined diameter orifice: 174a, 176a and 180a. 174a, 176a and 180a, respectively, of predetermined diameters. The pull rods 160a and 160b have concave surfaces 172a and 172b that form part of the cylinder. The pull rods 160a and 160b have a bearing surface that contacts the bearing surface of the bearing cap. Most of these bearing surfaces, with the exception of the bearing surface 182b of the pull rod 160b, are not visible in Figure 5. The corner of the bearing surface 180b is visible on the far side of the third tab 170b; the other (invisible) bearing surface is between the first tab 164b and the second tab 166b. The pull rod 160a has the same bearing surface as the pull rod 160b, but such a bearing surface on the pro rod 160a is not visible in this screen. These surfaces are provided for the purpose of preventing breakage of the bearing caps, as detailed below.

Isolated by a predetermined width gap (essentially the same as the gap between the first and second tabs, including the gap between 164a and 166a; and the gap between 164b and 166b as an example) A bearing cap 184a, including a first finger 186a and a second finger 188a, is also disclosed in FIG. The bearing cap 184a also includes a third finger 190a with a predetermined width. Fingers 186a, 188a, 190a, 186b, 188b and 190b include orifices 192a, 194a, 196a, 192b, 194b and 196b located parallel to the central axis of journal 250, respectively. The widths of the first and second fingers 186a and 188a are essentially the same, with the third finger being about twice as wide as the first finger 186a. The width of the gap between the first finger 186a and the second finger 188a is essentially the same as the width of the third finger 190a. The bearing cap 184a has three bearing surfaces as shown below: two bearing surfaces above the first and second fingers and one (invisible) bearing surface above the third finger 190a. .. The surface of the bearing on the third finger is essentially parallel to the surface on the first finger 186a and the second finger 188a towards the bearing surface 198a. The bearing cap 184b is identical to the bearing cap 184, but at the position shown in FIG. 5, only one of the three bearing surfaces 198b is visible, including the bearing surface 198b associated with the third finger 190b.

The bearing surfaces 198a and 198b of the bearing caps 184a and 184b are located opposite the bearing surfaces 182a and 182b of the pull rods 160a and 160b, respectively. Bearing caps 184a and 184b include concave surfaces 199a and 199b that are part of the cylinder. Bearing shells 200a and 200b are also disclosed in FIG. The concave surfaces 172a and 172b of the pull rods 160a and 160b are paired with the convex surfaces 197a and 197b of the bearing caps 184a and 184b (not visible in FIG. 5). The concave surfaces 199a and 199b and the bearing caps 184a and 184b are paired on the convex surfaces 201a and 210b of the bearing shells 200a and 200b, respectively.

To assemble the connecting rod assembly, the bearing shells 200a and 200b are placed on a cylindrical journal (not visible in Figure 5). Bearing caps 184a and 184b are coupled to four screws 202, as shown in FIG. Bearing shells 200a and 200b are placed on bearing shells 200a and 200b, including the bearing cap fingers that mesh with: One bearing that meshes with and vice versa with the third finger of the other bearing cap. The first and second fingers of the cap. Place one of the pull rods over one of the bearing caps so that the orifice in the tip of the pull rod is aligned with the orifice in the fingers of the bearing cap. According to the materialization requirements shown in FIG. 5, the pin 204 is placed over one of the top and bottom via an aligned orifice and secured to each end of the pin 204 using a snap ring 206. .. Secure other pull rods as well as other bearing caps.

One advantage provided by the present invention is that the pull rod 160a is identical to the pull rod 160b, just as the bearing cap 184a is identical to the bearing cap 184b. In FIG. 5, the pull rod 160a is the opposite of the pull rod 160b so that the corner of the pull rod 160b has a corner containing a single tab 170b pointing up and the corner of the pull rod 160a has a corner containing a single tab 170a pointing down. To do. In the specific example shown in FIG. 2, the pull rods 100a and 100b are the same, and the bearing caps 102a and 102b are also the same. By including the same parts, the number of unique parts that assemble the engine is reduced, which reduces the cost of the product.

Another advantage of the assembly shown in FIG. 5 is that shear forces act on pin 204. With these, the diameter can be made smaller than other connection schemes. Smaller pins allow the use of smaller orifices with pull rods and bearing caps, allowing the use of smaller tabs and smaller fingers, respectively. As the mass of the parts is reduced, the assembly can be made more compact. Reducing the mass of rotating parts offers many of the following benefits: weaker unbalance forces, lower costs due to material reduction, reduced size of related parts including fixtures, bearings, etc. Manufacturing costs are also reduced due to the additional benefits of reduced machining and assembly steps.

From the contents of FIG. 6, it can be understood that the pull rod 160 is fundamentally formed into an isosceles triangle including a small end by one corner. The other edges 212 on the long sides of the approximately isosceles triangle are thicker than the center of the pull rod 160. The pull rod 160 is believed to include a piston connection (which can optionally be a small end 162), a journal connection 213 and a rod section 214 between the two connections. The pull rod 220 in another embodiment shown in FIG. 7 forms a grid in the central region.

Figure 8A discloses an isometric view edited into an exploded view. The bearings 200a and 200b pass through the through hole 222a, which is long enough to attach the head of the screw 202, through the through hole 223a, and then associated with the bearing shell part 200b (visible on this screen). Not fixed by a screw 202 that has passed through a through hole 223a equivalent to the threaded hole 224a. Lubrication grooves 225 are formed in the concave surfaces 211a and 221b inside the bearing shell caps 200a and 200b. Lubrication of the lubrication groove 225 is disclosed in detail with reference to FIGS. 13, 15, 16 and 18. The oil supplied to the oil groove 225 is sent to the oil groove 226 through the oil holes 227 formed in the concave surfaces 201a and 201b. (The oil groove 226 in the bearing cap 200a is not visible in Figure 8A.)

The bearing shells 230 and 232 in the alternative embodiment illustrated in the figure have interlock fingers at one end, including a hole that penetrates the finger, so pin 234 is inserted through the hole. can do. The shell bearings 230 and 232 used in one embodiment are mounted on a crankshaft journal with a crankshaft containing weights on either side of the journal, so pin 234 may fall. There is no. In another embodiment without the feature of holding the pin in place, the pin includes a screw head at the end and a snap ring on the other side. As an option, the pins are secured with snap rings suitable for internal use. Any method suitable for securing the pin can be used.

In yet another embodiment, the shell bearing section is completely eliminated. In some options, the journal or bearing cap internal cylinder surface is coated with a surface coating that provides suitable service as a bearing material. As an option, an oil groove is included to allow oil to pass through the surface of the bearing.

Figures 8A and 8B illustrate bearing shells that are fastened together. This ensures the flow of lubricating oil through the lubricating groove. If the pull rods are constantly under tensile stress, the forces in the system will cause the bearing shells to press against the journal, so there is no need to secure the bearing shells together. Therefore, in some specific examples, there is no screw or pin that holds the two together. Within the assembly, when installing the bearing cap and connecting rod, the bearing shell can be held on the journal with a thicker layer of oil or grease until it is firmly anchored in place. Even if the pressure in the system is temporarily lost, it is possible to withstand a short pause in the flow of oil, so it is permissible to install the bearing shell without screws or pins.

In an alternative embodiment, the roller bearing portion 280 is used in place of the bearing shell portion. The roller bearing portion 280 includes a cage 284 in which the needle bearing 282 is held.

FIG. 10 discloses one cross section of a pinned joint between the connecting rod 160a and the bearing cap 184a. Pin 204 is inserted into fingers 196a and tabs 164a and 166a through an aligned orifice. One snap ring 206 can be attached before or after the pin 204 is attached. At least one snap ring 206 is mounted in one of the annular grooves in which the orifice is formed in one of the tabs 164a and 166a. Equivalent configurations can be used to pair the bearing cap 184a with the connecting rod 160a, which includes the fingers 186a and 188a with tabs 180a.

FIG. 11 illustrates some alternative examples. At the bottom of the joint shown in FIG. 11, the pin 238 is inserted into the bearing cap 184a and the connecting rod 244 through an aligned orifice. The snap ring 237 meshes with the groove on the pin 238. To prevent a groove from being provided in the orifice through which the pin sits in a configuration with ample space and to mount the nap ring in the orifice, as shown in FIG. , Such a configuration may be desired. Although counterbore 242 and groove 240 are disclosed in FIG. 11, the connection of pin 238 to snap ring 273 as shown is not required. The counterbore 242 and groove 240 are disclosed to illustrate improvements to the orifice carrying the top connection scheme. In the above example, the pin 238 has a head 239 with a diameter larger than the pin body. The pin sits on a shoulder formed by the counterbore 242. The snap ring 245 inserts the proximity head 239 of pin 238 into the groove (similar to the groove 240 shown in the bottom joint, which is not individually visible in FIG. 11). The head 239 prevents the pin from moving downwards and the snap ring 245 prevents it from moving upwards, so the upper joint secures the pin 238 well enough. The lower joints are disclosed solely for the convenience of the illustration, including allowing consideration of two examples associated with one figure.

Many pin implementations are considered with many trade-offs. It is desirable to include as small an orifice as possible so that the size of the fingers on the bearing cap 184a and the tabs on the connecting rod 244 can be reduced. The pin connection at the bottom of FIG. 11 makes this possible, provided that it bears the cost of additional lengths when using pins that extend outward from the joint. Another desirable feature is to make the same machining operations on both ends symmetrical for the part to prevent assembly problems that can occur due to orientation.

Pistons 12 and 14 in the left-hand (undisclosed) cylinder are located in the most accessible parts, and pistons 12 and 14 in the right-hand (not disclosed) cylinder are located in the most distant parts. It is disclosed in 12. The details of this piston are shown in FIG. A cross section of the journal 250, which is part of the crankshaft, is disclosed centrally. It is disclosed in the cross section that the oil penetrates channel 252 and is supplied along the crankshaft. The oil passage 254 fluidly connects the channel 252 to the opening 255 through a crankshaft that includes the outer surface of the journal 250 that includes the opening 255. As the journal 250 rotates, oil is supplied from the opening 255 to the inner surfaces of the shell bearings 200a and 200b. Oil is drained along the groove 226 through the oil holes 260 in the bearing caps 184a and 184b, between the bearing caps 184a and the pull rods 160b and the bearing caps that rotate in relation to each other during crankshaft rotation. Provide an appropriate amount of lubricity between 184b and pull rod 160a. It is desirable to maintain the oil hole 227 at a location approximately 30 degrees away (30 degrees up and 30 degrees down) from the point where the force exerted on the bearing cap is maximized. To facilitate this and keep the oil passages in place, it is desirable to use these bearing caps 184a and 184b to limit the movement of the shell bearings 200a and 200b. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, pilot holes 256 are provided behind the shell bearings 200a and 200b. A hollow pin 258 is inserted through the oil passage 260 for indexing using the pilot hole 256. Pilot hole 256 in bearing cap 184b is not used. However, both bearing shells are intended to keep the bearing shells 200a and 200b identical and reduce the number of unique parts in the engine. Pilot hole 256 is installed in. Hollow the pin 258 to allow oil to be guided through the pin 258 and the passage 260 to the interface between the bearing cap 184b and the pull rod 160b.

In Figure 14, the engine is pistons 12 and 14 of the left-hand cylinder about 60 degrees in front of top dead center (TDC) and pistons 12 and 14 of the right-hand cylinder about 120 degrees behind TDC. It is disclosed in different points during rotation using. Since the journal 250 is located at or near the uppermost part (as shown above in FIG. 14), the push rod 264 that connects the crankshaft 20 to the piston 14 of the left cylinder should be seen. Can be done.

In the description of the crank connection shown in FIG. 15, the oil passage 254 has been replaced and the opening 255 supplies oil to a different location on the shell bearing portion 200a, which is not the location shown in FIG. In FIG. 14, the shell bearing portion 200a is slightly shifted counterclockwise as compared with the position shown in FIG. As described in the upper part of the present application, the shell bearing portion 200a is fixed to the bearing cap 184a with a pin. A slight counterclockwise rotation of the bearing cap 184a and shell bearing 200a causes the pull rod 160a to move upward at the end associated with the journal 250, with the journal 250 at the top, as seen in FIG. It happens by being cocked in. Since the shell bearing portion 200a is pinned to the bearing cap 184a via the pin 258, they rotate together. On the other hand, the shell bearing portion 200b floats freely so that it can be seen together with the oil passage 260 rotated clockwise with respect to the pilot hole 256 in the shell bearing portion 200b. However, the range of motion of the shell bearing portion 200b is limited by the shell bearing portion 200a. The shell bearing portion 200a actually moves the shell bearing portion 200b.

An alternative arrangement that limits the movement of the shell bearing is illustrated in FIGS. 16-18. Details of the crank connection are disclosed in FIG. The position of the piston associated with the position disclosed in FIG. 16 is the same as that disclosed in FIG. That is, the piston in the left cylinder is at or near the TDC, and the piston in the right cylinder is at or near the BDC. Each of the shell bearing portions 200a and 200b includes a slot 270 defined in the outer convex surface. The hollow pin 258 is inserted into the oil passage 260 and extends inward toward the shell bearings 200a and 200b to mesh with the slot 270. The angle of circumference of the shell bearings 200a and 200b over which slot 270 extends is related to the relative movement that occurs in the pull rods 160a and 160b as they rotate. (The axes of the pull rods 160a and 160b in FIG. 12 are substantially collinear, and the axes of the pull rods 160a and 160b in FIG. 14 have a relative angle of about 170 degrees.) In FIG. 16, the shell bearing portions 200a and 200b are displaced counterclockwise as compared to these positions shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, these positions are displaced towards the moving end relative to slot 270. The pooling force acting through one of the pull rods 160a and 160b is greater than the force acting on the other pull rods, so the associated shell bearing cap is clamped to the associated shell bearing section. Other shell bearings rotate without such a large clamping force. The movement of the clamped shell bearing is, of course, restricted by slot 270. Nevertheless, it is the unequal force acting on the shell bearings, rather than the neutral position including the interface between the shell bearings being vertical as shown in FIG. It ends at a transitional position such as inside.

The engine in FIG. 17 is shown with the piston in the left cylinder at 90 degrees after TDC and the piston in the right cylinder at 90 degrees before TDC. Each small piece of push rod 264 can be seen in this position.

FIG. 18 discloses details of the crank connection associated with FIG. A pin 258 that meshes with the shell bearing portion 200a is located at one end of slot 270. However, the pin 258 that meshes with the shell bearing portion 200b is located midway between the ends of slot 270. Simultaneous rotation occurs depending on the positions of the pull rods 160a and 160b, the forces acting between the shell bearings, and the bearing caps associated with them, but the shell bearings 200a and 200b move back and forth.

A flowchart showing how to assemble the structure of FIG. 2 is disclosed in FIG. Within block 400, the bearing shells are placed on the crankshaft journal and fixed to each other. In other embodiments that do not require it, the bearing shells are placed on top of the journal and are not fixed to each other. Within block 402, the bearing shell portion is placed on the bearing cap, including the bearing cap meshing. Within block 404, one flange of the pull rod is aligned with one of the bearing caps, including through holes aligned with the bolt holes. Inside the block 406, three bolts are inserted through the three through holes and these are engaged with the three threaded holes. Within block 408, align the other pull rods with the other bearing caps. Inside the block 410, the pull rod is secured to the bearing cap with a bolt inserted through the through hole and then meshed with the screw in the threaded hole.

A flowchart showing how to assemble the structure of FIG. 5 is disclosed in FIG. Within block 420, the bearing shells are placed on the crankshaft journal and fixed to each other. Within block 422, the bearing cap is placed on the bearing shell portion that includes the bearing cap meshing fingers. As appropriate, engage one or more pins of the bearing cap with the pilot holes or grooves in the bearing shell. Align one orifice of the pull rod with one orifice of the bearing cap in block 424 in a row. Inside block 426, the pins are mounted through an aligned orifice. Secure the pins in the aligned orifice. Within block 428, align the orifices of the other pull rods with the orifices of the other bearing caps. Inside block 420, the pins are mounted through an aligned orifice and secured securely.

Although the best mode for specific embodiment has been described in detail, those familiar with the arts in this area allow alternative designs and embodiment within the scope of the following claims. The various embodiment could be described as providing an advantage or more favorable than the other embodiment in terms of one or more features, but as those with skills in this area are aware. One or more characteristics may be compromised to achieve the desired attributes of the system, which depends on the particular application or implementation. These attributes include, without limitation: cost, strength, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, usefulness, weight, manufacturing capacity, ease of assembly, etc. .. With respect to one or more properties, any embodiment described herein that is characterized as less strongly desired than other embodiments or practices of the prior art is outside the scope of the claims. It may be desired for a particular application rather than one.

The numbers given to the various physical parameters, dimensions and quantities are only approximate values. Therefore, values higher or lower than the values assigned to the physical parameters, dimensions and quantities are expected to fall within the scope of the invention unless the specification contains conflicting statements.