Method and apparatus for adsorbing/desorbing gas

[0001] [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention is a gas adsorption method, a gas release method, and a gas that adsorb or release a specific gas to the adsorbed substance by increasing or decreasing the pressure in the container with respect to the adsorbed substance stored in the container. The present invention relates to an adsorption device, a gas release device, and a gas separation / concentration device. [0002] [Conventional technology] As one of the methods for inexpensively producing a large amount of oxygen, which does not require much purity, there is a method for increasing the concentration of oxygen contained in the air by about 20%. In an oxygen production device that employs this method, air compressed by a compressor is introduced into a container containing an adsorbed substance, and the adsorbed substance is introduced into the container by adsorbing a large amount of nitrogen contained in the air. It relatively increases the oxygen concentration in the air. Specifically, when the pressure inside the container increases, a large amount of nitrogen contained in the air existing in the container is adsorbed on the adsorbed substance over time. As a result, the oxygen concentration in the air increases relatively. [0003] The air with increased oxygen concentration is taken out of the container. After that, the pressure inside the container is reduced by communicating with the inside of the container and the outside air. Then, the nitrogen adsorbed on the adsorbed substance is released and returned to the inside of the container, and then exhausted to the outside of the container. The oxygen concentration can be further increased by compressing the air having an increased oxygen concentration again with a compressor and introducing it into the container. Then, in this way, the obtained air having an increased oxygen concentration is cooled, for example, to produce liquefied oxygen. [0004] The type and physical characteristics of the adsorbed substance differ depending on the type of gas adsorbed. For example, natural or synthetic zeolites (boiling stones) have been put into practical use as adsorbents that efficiently adsorb nitrogen molecules. [0005] In addition, by increasing the pressure in the environment (inside the container) where this adsorbed substance exists, a specific gas can be adsorbed and stored in this adsorbed substance, and when necessary, in the environment (inside the container) where the adsorbed substance exists. By reducing the pressure, it is possible to construct a gas storage device capable of extracting this specific stored gas. [0006] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, as described above, in order to efficiently adsorb the specific gas to the adsorbed substance and efficiently release the specific gas adsorbed on the adsorbed substance, the pressure in the environment (container) in which the adsorbed substance exists is adjusted. It requires a certain amount of adsorption time and release time as well as a large change. [0007] As described above, in order to inexpensively and efficiently produce a large amount of high-concentration oxygen with an oxygen production apparatus, it is necessary to reduce the electricity cost of the compressor and shorten the adsorption period (hours) and release period (hours). I needed it. As one method for solving such a problem, it is conceivable to use a large amount of adsorbed substance, but if a large amount of adsorbed substance is used, the material cost of the adsorbed substance rises and the equipment cost rises. [0008] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the maintenance cost (running cost) of the equipment at a low cost without changing the amount and material of the conventional adsorbed substance, and it is inexpensive and efficient. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas adsorption method, a gas release method, a gas adsorption device, a gas release device, and a gas separation / concentration device capable of adsorbing and releasing a specific gas. [0009] [Means for solving problems] As a result of the study conducted to solve the above problems, the inventor applied vibration in a specific frequency range to the gas in the container containing the adsorbed substance to adsorb and release the specific gas to the adsorbed substance. We have found that it can be promoted. [0010] Therefore, the present invention adsorbs a specific gas by injecting a specific gas to be adsorbed or a raw gas containing the specific gas into a container containing an adsorbed substance that adsorbs the specific gas to raise the pressure inside the container. In the method of adsorbing a gas to be adsorbed on the gas, vibration of a predetermined adsorption promotion frequency range is applied to the specific gas or the raw gas in the container to promote the adsorption of the specific gas to the adsorbed substance. [0011] In another invention, in the above-mentioned gas adsorption method, the frequency range for promoting the adsorption of vibration applied to the specific gas or raw gas in the container is set according to the physical characteristics of the adsorbed substance and the type of the specific gas to be adsorbed. Will be done. [0012] In another invention, in the above-mentioned gas adsorption method, vibration of a frequency that inhibits adsorption among vibrations applied as noise, mechanical vibration, or fluid vibration to a specific gas or raw gas in a container is detected. Then, the phase of the detected vibration is inverted and applied to the specific gas or the raw gas in the container to cancel the vibration that inhibits adsorption. [0013] Yet another invention is a method of releasing a specific gas adsorbed on an adsorbed substance by lowering the pressure inside the container containing the adsorbed substance on which the specific gas is adsorbed. A predetermined vibration in the emission promotion frequency range is applied to promote the release of the specific gas from the adsorbed substance. [0014] In another invention, in the above-described gas release method, the frequency range for promoting the release of vibration applied to the specific gas in the container is set according to the physical characteristics of the adsorbed substance and the type of gas to be released. [0015] In another invention, in the above-mentioned gas discharge method, vibration of a frequency that hinders the release of the vibration applied as noise, mechanical vibration, or fluid vibration to the specific gas in the container is detected, and the vibration is detected. The phase of the detected vibration is inverted and applied to the specific gas in the container to cancel the vibration that inhibits the release. [0016] The operating principle of the gas adsorption method and the gas release method configured as described above will be described. First, in the method of adsorbing a gas, a vibration such as a sound wave in a predetermined adsorption promotion frequency range is applied to the gas in a container containing an adsorbed substance, so that the gas is subjected to vibration. Fine turbulence is caused by the vibration of the fluid on the surface of the place where the gas of the adsorbed substance is adsorbed according to the frequency of adsorbing promotion. It is considered that this turbulence makes it easier for each molecule of the gas flowing as a laminar flow through the gap of the adsorbed substance to be trapped on the surface of the place where the gas of the adsorbed substance is adsorbed, and the adsorption is promoted. [0017] Further, in the gas release method, the gas in the container in which the adsorbed substance is stored is once captured (trapped) by the adsorbed substance by applying vibration such as a sound wave in a predetermined release promotion frequency range. It is considered that the molecules are easily released by vibration and the release is promoted. [0018] In this way, there are two types: a vibration frequency range that promotes the adsorption of the same gas to the same adsorbed substance, that is, an adsorption-promoting frequency range, and a vibration frequency range that promotes the release of the adsorbed substance, that is, a emission-promoting frequency range. There is a frequency range of. [0019] This means that if the vibration in the frequency range for promoting release is mixed as miscellaneous vibration with respect to the adsorbed substance during the adsorption operation period of the gas, the adsorption operation for the adsorbed substance is hindered. Therefore, in the present invention, the vibration that hinders the adsorption is detected, the phase of the detected vibration is inverted, and the vibration is applied to the gas in the container to cancel the vibration that hinders the adsorption. In addition, vibration that hinders adsorption can be reduced, and adsorption can be further promoted. [0020] Similarly, if vibrations in the frequency range for promoting adsorption are mixed as miscellaneous vibrations during the discharge operation period, the discharge operation of the gas from the adsorbed substance is hindered. Therefore, the vibration that hinders the adsorption is detected, the phase of the detected vibration is inverted and applied to the gas in the container to cancel the vibration that hinders the release, and as a result, the release is hindered. It is possible to reduce the vibration and further promote the release. [0021] [0021] In general, increasing the amount of change in gas pressure in the container increases the amount of adsorption and release of the specific gas with respect to the adsorbed substance. Further, when the adsorption period (time) and the release period (time) are lengthened, the adsorption amount and the release amount of the specific gas increase. [0022] Since the promotion of adsorption or release by applying vibration means that the amount of adsorption and release of a specific gas increases, the amount of change in gas pressure in the container is small, and the adsorption period (time) and Even if the release period (time) is shortened, it is possible to obtain the same amount of adsorption and release as in the state where vibration is not applied. [0023] Therefore, the energy for pressurizing and depressurizing the air pressure in the container can be reduced, the adsorption period (time) and the release period (time) can be shortened, the maintenance cost (running cost) of the equipment can be reduced, and the cost and efficiency can be reduced. It is possible to specifically adsorb and release a specific gas. [0024] In another invention, the specific gas is introduced by injecting a specific gas to be adsorbed or a raw gas containing the specific gas into a container containing an adsorbent that adsorbs the specific gas to raise the pressure inside the container. In the gas adsorbing device to be adsorbed on the adsorbed substance, vibration in a predetermined adsorption promotion frequency range is applied to the specific gas or raw gas in the container to promote the adsorption of the specific gas to the adsorbed substance. .. [0025] Furthermore, another invention is a gas release device that releases the gas adsorbed by the adsorbed substance by lowering the pressure inside the container containing the adsorbed substance on which the specific gas is adsorbed. A predetermined vibration in the emission promotion frequency range is applied to promote the release of a specific gas from the adsorbed substance. [0026] The gas adsorbing device and the gas discharging device configured in this way can also exert almost the same effects as the gas adsorbing method and the gas releasing method described above. [0027] Yet another invention is a gas separation / concentration device that increases the concentration of a gas other than the specific gas contained in the raw gas. And this gas separation and concentration device A container containing an adsorbed substance that adsorbs and releases a specific gas contained in the raw gas, a vibration generator for applying vibration in the specified frequency range to the specific gas in this container, and a specific inside the container. A supply valve provided in the path for supplying the raw gas containing gas, an output valve provided in the path for taking out the raw gas having a reduced content of the specific gas from the container to an external device, and a content rate of the specific gas from the container. After supplying the raw gas into the container through the exhaust valve for discharging the increased raw gas and the supply valve with the output valve and the exhaust valve closed, the output valve is set to a predetermined value after a predetermined adsorption period elapses. Open only for the output period, then close the output valve and supply valve and open the exhaust valve for a predetermined discharge period. To the valve control means and the suction period vibration generator, specify the suction promotion frequency range and to the discharge period vibration generator. It is provided with a frequency range control means for designating a frequency range for promoting emission. [0028] In the gas separation / concentration device configured in this way, the specific gas contained in the raw gas supplied in the container containing the adsorbed substance is adsorbed by the adsorbed substance within the adsorption period. Then, this specific gas is adsorbed, and the raw gas having an increased content of a gas other than the specific gas is taken out to an external device. Then, during the release period, the exhaust valve is opened to lower the air pressure inside the container to release the specific gas adsorbed on the adsorbed substance. [0029] During this adsorption period, sound waves in the frequency range for promoting adsorption are applied to the inside of the container, and during the emission period, sound waves in the frequency range for promoting emission are applied to the inside of the container. Therefore, a raw gas having an increased concentration of a gas other than the specific gas separated from the specific gas can be obtained. [0030] Further, as the above-mentioned vibration generator, an acoustic device, a vibration device using a Karman vortex, a vibration device using a mechanical diaphragm, a vibration device using a piezo film and a piezo effect, a device combining these, or a resonance device is combined. Equipment etc. are recommended. [0031] BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment to which the gas adsorption method and the gas release method of the present invention are applied. In the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment, nitrogen as a specific gas existing in the air as a raw gas is adsorbed on an adsorbent, and as a result, air having a high oxygen content is taken out. For example, it is supplied to an oxygen-using facility such as a liquid oxygen production device. [0032] In FIG. 1, the compressor 1 takes in the air a in the atmosphere, compresses it to, for example, 40 kPa, and supplies it to the cylindrical container 4 via the supply conduit 2 and the supply valve 3. The pressure of the air a supplied from the compressor 1 is maintained at, for example, 40 kPa. The adsorbent 5 is stored in a plurality of layers in the container 4 that can withstand high pressure. In this embodiment device, nitrogen in the air as a specific gas (nitrogen molecule N)₂) Is mainly adsorbed on zeolite (boiling stone) as the adsorbent 5. [0033] A speaker 6 as an acoustic device, which is a kind of vibration generator, is arranged at an upper position in the container 4. In order to maintain the lower surface and the upper surface of the speaker 6 at the same atmospheric pressure and prevent damage to the speaker 6, a communication pipe 7 that communicates the lower surface and the upper surface of the speaker 6 is provided. [0034] One end of the conduit 8 is attached to the upper part of the side wall of the container 4, and the other end of the conduit 8 is an output pipe 9 connected to the oxygen-using equipment 12, an exhaust pipe 10a connected to the nitrogen-using equipment 46, and the atmosphere. It is branched into an exhaust pipe 10b that communicates with. An output valve 11 is attached to the output pipe 9, an exhaust valve 13a is attached to the exhaust pipe 10a, and an exhaust valve 13b is attached to the other exhaust pipe 10b. [0035] And supply valve 3 (V₁), Exhaust valve 13a (V₂), Exhaust valve 13b (V)₄), Output valve 11 (V₃) Are each composed of solenoid valves, and the opening and closing of each of the valves 3, 13a, 13b, and 11 is collectively controlled by the valve opening / closing drive unit 14. Each valve 3, 13a, 13b, 11 opens only when energized and remains closed when not energized. Further, the compressor 1 is driven and controlled by a drive signal from the compressor drive unit 15. [0036] The signal generator 16 has one frequency F in the frequency range for promoting adsorption based on an instruction from the control device 17 composed of a computer.₁1kHz signal, or one frequency F in the emission promotion frequency range₂A 300 Hz signal is generated and sent to the amplifier 18. In addition, 1kHz frequency F of adsorption promotion₁And emission promotion 300Hz frequency F₂Is an experimentally determined value. The amplifier 18 amplifies each input signal and applies it to the speaker 6 as a sound wave signal. The speaker 6 outputs the applied 1 kHz sound wave signal or 300 Hz sound wave signal as a sound wave as a 1 kHz vibration or a sound wave as a 300 Hz vibration, respectively. [0037] The control device 17 composed of the computer has a frequency F to the signal generator 16.₁, F₂Is sent, and an open / close signal for each valve 3, 13a, 13b, 11 is sent to the valve opening / closing drive unit 14. Further, the control device 17 operates and controls the compressor 1 via the compressor drive unit 15. [0038] Then, the control device 17 controls the opening and closing of the valves 3, 13a, 13b, and 11 according to the time chart shown in FIG. 2, and controls the application timing of the sound wave applied into the container 4 and the frequency of the sound wave. [0039] When the power is turned on, the control device 17 activates the compressor 1 via the compressor drive unit 15 to maintain the pressure of the air a supplied from the compressor 1 to the supply pipe 2 at, for example, 40 kPa. In this state, the valves 3, 13a, 13b, and 11 remain closed. In this state, the pressure inside the container 4 is atmospheric pressure (= 9.8 kPa). [0040] Time t with the pressure of air a maintained at 40 kPa₁From time t₂Period until T₁Only open the supply valve 3. As a result, 40 kPa of air a is filled in the container 4, and the pressure in the container 4 rises from 9.8 kPa to the initial pressure of 40 kPa. Also, time t₁From time t₃Adsorption period up to T₂Only drive the signal generator 16 to promote adsorption frequency F₁A sound wave of (= 1kHz) is applied to the gas (air) in the container 4. Therefore, this adsorption period T₂Part of the nitrogen (nitrogen molecule) contained in the air a in the container 4 is adsorbed by the adsorbent 5 made of zeolite (boiling stone). As a result, the content of nitrogen contained in the air a in the container 4 decreases, so that the content of oxygen contained in the air a in the container 4 increases relatively. [0041] Adsorption period T₂Time when was finished t₃From time t₄Output period up to T₃Only open the output valve 11. As a result, air having a high oxygen content, that is, oxygen-concentrated air is output to the oxygen-using equipment 12 via the output pipe 9. [0042] Next, the output period T₃Time when was finished t₄From time t₅The exhaust valve 13a is opened to communicate with the inside of the container 4 and the inside of the nitrogen-using equipment 46 in a low pressure state, and the air pressure in the container 4 is lowered. In addition, the output period T₃Time when was finished t₄From time t₅Release period until T₄Only drive the signal generator 16 to promote emission frequency F₂A sound wave of (= 300Hz) is applied to the gas (air) in the container 4. Therefore, this release period T₄Nitrogen (nitrogen molecules), which is a specific gas adsorbed by the adsorbed substance 5 in the container 4, is released to the exhaust valve 13a and is output (exhausted) into the nitrogen-using facility 46. [0043] Release period T₄Time when was finished t₅From time t₆Period until T₅Only the exhaust valve 13b and the supply valve 3 are opened to supply high-pressure air a into the container 4, and the air containing a large amount of nitrogen released from the adsorbed substance 5 remaining in the container 4 is released. Exhaust to the atmosphere through the exhaust valve 13b. [0044] This completes one sequence process from the intake of air into the container 4, the extraction of oxygen-enriched air, the extraction of separated nitrogen, and the discharge of residual air.₇After that, the following sequence processing is performed. [0045] In the gas separation / concentrating device of the first embodiment configured in this way, the specific gas contained in the high-pressure air supplied from the compressor 1 via the supply valve 3 in the container 4 containing the adsorbent 5 is used. Some nitrogen has an adsorption period T₂It is adsorbed by the adsorbed substance 5 inside. This adsorption period T₂At the frequency F of adsorption promotion₁Since a sound wave of (= 1 kHz) is applied, a larger amount of nitrogen is adsorbed on the adsorbent 5. [0046] Then, a part of this nitrogen is adsorbed, and air having an increased content of oxygen, which is a gas other than nitrogen, is sent to the oxygen-using equipment 12 via the output valve 11. [0047] Then release period T₄During this period, the exhaust valve 13a is opened and the air pressure inside the container 4 is lowered, so that the nitrogen adsorbed on the adsorbed substance 5 is released and discharged to the nitrogen-using equipment 46 outside the container 4. This release period T₄Frequency of emission promotion within F₂Since a sound wave of (= 300Hz) is applied, a larger amount of nitrogen is released from the adsorbent 5. [0048] (Second Embodiment) FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas separation / concentration device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those of the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description of the overlapping parts will be omitted. [0049] In the gas separation and concentrating device of the second embodiment, in addition to the speaker 6 for applying sound waves as vibrations for promoting adsorption or release, sound waves for adsorption inhibition or release inhibition are contained in the container 4. A speaker 25 for applying a sound wave as vibration is provided to offset the above. [0050] Further, a microphone 20 for detecting sound waves as vibration having a wide frequency range including noise applied to the gas of the container 4 is attached to the inner wall of the container 4 in which the adsorbed substance 5 is housed. The sound signal having a wide frequency range detected by the microphone 20 is input to the signal extractor 22. [0051] The signal extractor 22 uses the frequency F of the sound wave that inhibits the adsorption specified by the control device 17a consisting of a computer among the input sound signals.₂(= 300Hz), or the frequency F of the sound wave that inhibits the emission₁A signal component having (= 1 kHz) is extracted as an inhibition signal and sent to the next phase inversion unit 23. The phase inversion unit 23 inverts the phase of the input inhibition signal by 180 ° and sends it to the amplifier 24. [0052] The amplifier 24 adjusts the signal level of the input phase-inverted inhibitory signal to the signal level of the inhibitory signal detected by the microphone 20 and sends it to the speaker 25. The speaker 25 converts the input phase-inverted inhibition signal into a sound wave and applies it into the container 4. As a result, the existing obstruent sound in the container 4 is canceled by the 180 ° phase-inverted obstruent sound applied from the speaker 25. [0053] Then, the control unit 17a controls the opening and closing of the valves 3, 13a, 13b, and 11 according to the time chart shown in FIG. 2, similarly to the control device 17 in the gas separation and concentrating device of the first embodiment, and signals generator. 16 and the speaker 6 are used to control the application timing of the sound wave applied into the container 4 and the frequency of the sound wave. [0054] Further, the control device 17a in the gas separation / concentration device of the second embodiment is set to the time t in the time chart of FIG.₁From time t₃Adsorption period T in which nitrogen up to is adsorbed on the adsorbent substance 5₂At the frequency F of the sound wave that inhibits adsorption₂(= 300Hz) is applied to the signal extraction unit 22. Therefore, this adsorption period T₂The sound waves that hinder the adsorption applied to the air in the container 4 as noise are canceled out, and the level is significantly reduced. Therefore, the adsorption period T₂Nitrogen is efficiently adsorbed by the adsorbed substance 5. [0055] Further, the control device 17a is set to the time t in the time chart of FIG.₄From time t₅Release period T that releases nitrogen from adsorbent 5₄At the frequency F of the sound wave that inhibits the emission₁(= 1kHz) is applied to the signal extraction unit 22. Therefore, this release period T₄In, the sound waves that obstruct the emission applied to the air in the container 4 as noise are canceled out, and the level is significantly reduced. Therefore, the release period T₄Nitrogen is released more efficiently from the adsorbent 5. [0056] (Third Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas separation / concentration device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those of the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description of the overlapping parts will be omitted. [0057] In the gas separation / concentration device of the third embodiment, each adsorption is stored in a plurality of layers in the container 4 instead of the speaker 6 for applying a sound wave for promoting adsorption or release. Piezo films 45 are arranged at positions adjacent to the substance 5. On each piezo film 45, the frequency F of adsorption promotion is applied from the signal generator 16 as in the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment.₁1kHz signal, or emission promotion frequency F₂The 300 Hz signal is amplified by the amplifier 46 and applied. [0058] [0058] When a signal is applied, each piezo film 45 vibrates at the frequency of the signal, so that the frequency F for promoting adsorption₁(= 1kHz) vibration or emission promotion frequency F₂A vibration of (= 300Hz) is applied to the gas (air) in the container 4. The period (timing) of applying each vibration is the same as that of the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. [0059] Therefore, it is possible to obtain almost the same effect as that of the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. [0060] The present invention is not limited to the first, second, and third embodiments described above. In the gas separation and concentrating device of the first, second, and third embodiments, a gas adsorber that adsorbs nitrogen as a specific gas to the absorbing substance 5 and a gas that releases nitrogen as a specific gas from the absorbing substance 5. Although the gas release device and the gas release device are incorporated into one gas separation and concentration device, it is also possible to separate the gas adsorption device and the gas release device as separate devices. [0061] Further, in the gas separation / concentration apparatus of the first, second, and third embodiments, nitrogen is adopted as the specific gas and zeolite is adopted as the absorbing substance 5, but the combination is not particularly limited. Once the specific gas to be adsorbed is determined, the adsorbed substance 5 having the physical property of adsorbing this specific gas may be adopted. In this case, the frequency F of the sound wave (vibration) that promotes adsorption.₁, And the frequency F of the sound wave (vibration) that promotes emission₂Can be obtained experimentally. [0062] For example, carbon dioxide (CO₂) And methane, activated carbon is used as an adsorbent, and water and hydrogen (H)₂), Silica gel, carbon nanotubes, hydrogen-adsorbed metal powder, or the like may be used as an adsorbent other than zeolite. [0063] Further, in the gas separation and concentrating apparatus of the first, second and third embodiments, nitrogen was adopted as the specific gas and air was adopted as the raw gas. However, exhaust gas such as blast furnace gas and coke oven gas is adopted as the raw gas, and hydrogen (H) is used from this exhaust gas.₂), Carbon dioxide (CO₂), Alcohol content, etc. can be recovered (concentrated). [0064] (Confirmation test) In order to confirm the effect of each of the above-described embodiments, the inventor conducted a gas adsorption experiment on the adsorbed substance and a gas release experiment from the adsorbed substance using the experimental device shown in FIG. [0065] In this experimental device, a speaker 33 for applying sound waves as vibration is attached to an upper position in a container 32 containing an adsorbent 31 made of zeolite. This speaker 33 converts the sound wave signal input from the oscillator 34 via the amplifier 35 into sound waves, and the gas (nitrogen N) in the container 32.₂Vibration is applied to a simple substance or air containing nitrogen. Further, a sub tank 35 that does not store the adsorbent 31 and a gas cylinder 36 filled with high-pressure nitrogen or air are provided. [0066] Nitrogen alone or air containing nitrogen is decompressed from the gas cylinder 36 by the pressure reducing valve 37, is supplied to the sub tank 35 via the valve 38, and is supplied from the sub tank 35 to the container 32 via the valve 39. Nitrogen alone or air containing nitrogen in the container 32 is exhausted to the atmosphere through valves 39 and 40. The pressures in the container 32 and the sub tank 35 are measured by the pressure gauges 41 and 42, respectively. Further, the temperatures in the container 32 and the sub tank 35 are measured by thermometers 43 and 44, respectively. [0067] In the test apparatus having such a configuration, the timed change of the adsorbed amount and the released amount of the gas (nitrogen) on the adsorbed substance 31 (zeolite) in the container 32 was measured under the following measurement conditions. [0068] Gas to be adsorbed (filled in a gas cylinder) ... Nitrogen with a purity of 99.99%, nitrogen in the air Frequency of applied sound waves ... No application, 20Hz, 300Hz, 1kHz, 20kHz Target initial pressure ... 18kPa, 30kPa, 48kPa, 60kPa Filling rate of adsorbed substances ... 80% (volume ratio) Adsorption measurement time ... 40 minutes (2400 seconds) Emission measurement time ... 20 minutes (1200 seconds) Then, the measurement was carried out according to the following procedure for each of the above-mentioned measurement conditions. [0069] (1) Close each valve 38, 39, 40 (2) Set the pressure reducing valve 37 of the gas cylinder 36 to the pressure under one measurement condition. (3) Open the valve 38 and introduce the gas to be adsorbed (nitrogen or air) from the gas cylinder 36 to the sub tank 35. (4) Close the valve 38 after confirming that the pressure inside the sub tank 38 is stable. (5) Start the oscillator 34 and start applying sound waves with the frequency of the measurement conditions. (6) Start measuring the pressure and temperature inside the container 32. (7) Open the valve 39 for 5 seconds, supply the adsorbed gas (nitrogen or air) into the container 32, and then close the valve 39. (8) After the adsorption test test time (2400 seconds) is completed, the valves 39 and 40 are opened to reduce the pressure in the container 32 and the sub tank 35 to atmospheric pressure. (9) Close the valves 39 and 40 after the release test time (1200 seconds) has elapsed. (10) Stop applying sound waves. [0070] Next, a method of calculating the adsorbed amount Q of the adsorbed gas (nitrogen) adsorbed on the adsorbed substance 31 from the measured pressure P in the container 32 will be described. When nitrogen is adsorbed in the closed container 32, the pressure P in the container 32 decreases by the amount corresponding to the adsorption amount Q, so that the adsorption amount Q can be calculated from the pressure decrease. Assuming that the pressure (initial pressure) at the start of adsorption (time t = 0) is P (0) and the pressure after time t elapses is P (t), the adsorption amount Q (t) after time t elapses is given by the following equation. Shown. [0071] Q (t) = [P (0) P (t)] v / RT mol Will be. Here, v: the volume of the gas to be adsorbed, R: the gas constant (= 8.3143J / (K · mol)), and T: the temperature. [0072] Hereinafter, the measurement results will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 6 shows the parameters of the applied frequency conditions (no application, 20Hz, 300Hz, 1kHz, 20kHz) of the applied vibration (sound wave) when the initial pressure P (0) is about 48 kPa and the filling rate of the adsorbent 31 to the container 32 is 80%. It is a figure which shows the period change of the pressure P (t) in the container 32 at the time of adsorption. Under any application frequency condition including no application, the pressure decreases significantly for about 10 seconds immediately after the start of adsorption, and decreases at a substantially constant rate thereafter. FIG. 7 is a graph enlarged for 200 seconds immediately after the adsorption of FIG. [0073] The time-varying characteristics of the nitrogen adsorption amount Q (t) calculated from this pressure drop using the above-mentioned conversion formula are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. As can be understood from the time-varying characteristic of the adsorption amount Q (t), the adsorption amount Q is very large immediately after the start of adsorption, but increases at an almost constant rate after about 20 seconds have passed. [0074] Table 1 shows the transition of the adsorption amount (adsorption rate) per unit time. [0075] [table 1]<img file="JP2004089774A_D0001.tif" />[0076] As can be understood from Table 1, for example, when vibration (sound wave) is not applied, the adsorption amount Q per unit time is 4.14 × 10 10 seconds after the start of adsorption.^-2While it is cc / sec / cc, the adsorption amount Q per unit time is 4.07 × 10 when 1800 to 2400 seconds have passed.^-4It drops by 2 digits to cc / sec / cc. Regarding the frequency of the applied vibration (sound wave), the effect of reducing the adsorption amount is shown in the low frequency range of 20 Hz and 3000 Hz, and the effect of increasing the adsorption amount is shown in the high frequency range of 1 kHz and 20 kHz. [0077] FIG. 10 shows the results of measuring each adsorption amount Q when the initial pressure P (0) of the gas to be absorbed (nitrogen) initially supplied to the container 32 is changed to 18 kPa, 30 kPa, 48 kPa, and 60 kPa. In FIG. 10, the frequency F having the most effect of promoting adsorption is shown in FIG.₁When vibration (sound wave) of (= 1kHz) is applied, frequency F which is most effective in suppressing adsorption₂The case where the vibration (sound wave) of (= 300Hz) is applied and the case where the vibration (sound wave) is not applied are shown together. [0078] FIG. 11 shows the cumulative release amount of the absorbed gas (nitrogen) released from the adsorbed substance 31 during the release period in which the valve 40 is opened after the adsorption is completed and the pressure in the container 32 and the sub tank 35 is lowered to the atmospheric pressure. It is a figure which shows the measured time change of. As you can see in this figure, frequency F₂When vibration (sound wave) of (= 300Hz) is applied, the effect of releasing the absorbed gas (nitrogen) from the adsorbed substance 31 can be greatly promoted more than three times as much as when vibration (sound wave) is not applied. Was confirmed. [0079] FIGS. 6 to 11 show the experimental results when only nitrogen was supplied into the container 31, but in the case of air, which is a multi-component system, an adsorption experiment was carried out and the amount of nitrogen adsorbed in the air was measured. The results are shown in Fig. 12 in comparison with the experimental results when only nitrogen is supplied. [0080] [0080] That is, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the frequency of vibration (sound wave) applied to the gas (elemental nitrogen or air) in the container 32 and the amount of nitrogen adsorbed. In the case of nitrogen alone, the amount of nitrogen adsorbed may decrease by applying low-frequency vibrations (sound waves) of 20 Hz and 300 Hz, and the amount of nitrogen adsorbed may increase by applying low-frequency vibrations (sound waves) of 1 kHz and 20 kHz. You can check it. It can be confirmed that even in the case of air, which is a multi-component system, the tendency is similar to that of a single component containing only nitrogen. [0081] In this way, the frequency F that promotes adsorption during the adsorption period during which the absorbed gas (nitrogen) contained in a simple substance or in the air is adsorbed on the adsorbed substance 31.₁Adsorption can be promoted by applying vibration (sound wave) of (= 1kHz) to the gas in the container 32, and the frequency F that promotes the release during the release period during which the absorbed gas (nitrogen) is released from the adsorbed substance 31.₂It was confirmed that the release can be promoted by applying vibration (sound wave) of (= 300 Hz) to the gas in the container 32. [0082] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure P in the container 32 and the adsorption amount Q. Adsorption amount characteristic Y shown by the solid line in the center₁Indicates the condition that vibration (sound wave) is not applied, and the adsorption amount characteristic Y shown by the broken line on the upper side.₂Frequency F that promotes adsorption₁The condition where vibration (sound wave) of (= 1kHz) is applied is shown, and the adsorption amount characteristic Y shown by the lower one-dot chain line.₃Frequency F that promotes emission₂The conditions under which vibration (sound wave) of (= 300Hz) is applied are shown. Atmospheric pressure P in container 32₀From the specified amount of adsorption Q_SThe amount of pressure increase required to obtain is the amount of pressure increase (P) under the condition that vibration (sound wave) is not applied._SP₀) Compared to frequency F₁Pressure rise (P) under the condition that vibration (sound wave) of (= 1kHz) is applied_AP₀) Can be significantly suppressed. [0083] Similarly, the amount of pressure drop required to obtain the specified amount of discharge in the container 32 is compared with the amount of pressure drop under the condition that vibration (sound wave) is not applied, and the frequency F₂It is possible to significantly suppress the amount of pressure drop under the condition that vibration (sound wave) of (= 300kHz) is applied. [0084] Therefore, since the required pressure change amount of the container 32 can be reduced, the power consumption of the compressor 1 in FIGS. 1 and 3, for example, can be significantly reduced. According to the inventor's estimation, the initial pressure of 20, 40, 60 kPa when vibration (sound wave) is not applied can be reduced to the initial pressure of 13, 33, 54 kPa when vibration (sound wave) is applied, which consumes power. The amounts can be reduced by 54, 21 and 11%, respectively. If the initial pressures of 20, 40, and 60 kPa are not changed, the amount of adsorption obtained can be increased by 33, 15, and 9%, respectively. [0085] [Effect of the invention] As described above, in the gas adsorbing method, the gas releasing method, the gas adsorbing device, the gas releasing device, and the gas separating and concentrating device of the present invention, the amount and material of the conventional adsorbed substance are low cost. It is possible to reduce the maintenance cost (running cost) of the equipment without changing the above, and it is possible to carry out adsorption and release to a specific gas inexpensively and efficiently. [Simple explanation of drawings] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas separation / concentration device according to a first embodiment to which the gas adsorption method and the gas release method of the present invention are applied. FIG. 2 is a time chart showing the operation of the gas separation / concentration device of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas separation / concentration device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas separation / concentration device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a test device for confirming the effect of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram in which the time change of the pressure in the container is experimentally obtained. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram in which the time change of the amount of nitrogen adsorbed was experimentally obtained. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram in which the relationship between the amount of nitrogen adsorbed and the initial pressure was experimentally obtained. FIG. 11 is a diagram in which the time change of the amount of nitrogen released is experimentally obtained. FIG. 12 is a diagram in which the relationship between the amount of nitrogen adsorbed and the frequency of applied vibration (sound wave) was experimentally obtained. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure P in the container 32 and the adsorption amount Q. [Explanation of symbols] 1 ... compressor 2 ... Supply pipe 3 ... Supply valve 4 ... container 5 ... Adsorbed substances 6, 25 ... Speaker 7 ... communication pipe 9 ... Output tube 10a, 10b ... Exhaust pipe 11 ... Output tube 12 ... Oxygen use equipment 13a, 13b ... Exhaust valve 14 ... Valve opening / closing drive 15 ... Compressor drive 16 ... Signal generator 17, 17a ... Control unit 20 ... Mike 22 ... Signal extractor 23 ... Phase inversion part 45 ... Piezo film 46 ... Nitrogen equipment