Laser and microwave generator
Abstract
[Task] Provided are a laser device and a microwave generator capable of obtaining a compact and stable laser oscillation.
Solution.A laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, in which one or more discharge spaces 13 in which the laser gas is excited by electric discharge are formed by being sandwiched between cooling surfaces of a cooling plate 4, and the discharge space 13 is formed. A magnetron 8 that generates a microwave is used as an excitation source for the laser.

Term
Term ended
Projected expiry passed 13 December 2019, 6.8 years ago.
- Priority and filed
- Published
- Projected expiry
- Today
32 claims: 13 independent, 19 dependent
- 1【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、放電によってレーザ気体の励起が行われる1またはそれ以上の放電空間が、冷却手段の冷却面により挟まれて形成され、この放電空間の励起源としてマイクロ波を用いたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 2【請求項2】 レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、レーザ気体の励起源としてマイクロ波を用い、このマイクロ波の電界方向に対して垂直方向の姿勢をとる一枚以上の冷却板により分割形成された放電空間を有することを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 3【請求項3】 レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、レーザ気体の励起源としてマイクロ波を用い、このマイクロ波の電界方向に対して平行方向の姿勢をとる一枚以上の冷却板により分割形成された放電空間を有することを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 4【請求項4】 マイクロ波の進行方向に並んだ放電領域を複数有する請求項1、請求項2または請求項3記載のレーザ装置。
- 5【請求項5】 放電空間の励起源として用いるマイクロ波の導波管内伝送モードをマルチモードとした請求項1、請求項2、請求項3または請求項4記載のレーザ装置。
- 6【請求項6】 一枚以上の冷却板にマイクロ波の電気力線を貫通させるための貫通穴を設けた請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4または請求項5記載のレーザ装置。
- 7【請求項7】 放電空間を形成する面に電界強度を高めるための突起を設けた請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5または請求項6記載のレーザ装置。
- 8【請求項8】 レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、放電よってレーザ気体の励起が行われる放電空間が、マイクロ波の伝送路であるストリップラインの一部によって形成され、前記ストリップラインが光導波路を兼ねたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 9【請求項9】 レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、マイクロ波を励起源として放電によってレーザ気体の励起が行われる放電空間が、断面が格子状の冷却用金属壁によって複数形成され、前記金属壁に1またはそれ以上のマイクロ波を透過させるための伝送路を有し、前記放電空間の長手方向をレーザ光の光軸としたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 10【請求項10】放電空間を形成する部材は誘電体材料或いは半導体材料である請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5または請求項9記載のレーザ装置。
- 11【請求項11】レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、マイクロ波を励起源として放電によってレーザ気体の励起が行われる複数の放電空間が、冷却面である金属壁によって囲まれた断面ハニカム状であり、前記金属壁にマイクロ波を透過させるための伝送路を有し、上記放電空間の長手方向をレーザ光の光軸としたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 12【請求項12】レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、マイクロ波を励起源として放電によってレーザ気体の励起が行われる複数の放電空間が、冷却面である金属壁によって形成された断面同心円状の形態を有し、これらの複数の円管の側壁にマイクロ波を透過させるための伝送路を有し、この放電空間の長手方向をレーザ光の光軸としたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 13【請求項13】請求項11または請求項12の金属壁に代えて、一部或いは全部を誘電体材料或いは半導体材料からなる部材によって形成した請求項11、12記載のレーザ装置。
- 14【請求項14】放電空間を構成する部分に熱移動媒体を設けた請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5、請求項9、請求項11、請求項12または請求項13記載のレーザ装置。
- 15【請求項15】熱移動媒体がペルチェ素子およびヒートパイプの少なくとも一方である請求項14記載のレーザ装置。
- 16【請求項16】レーザ光を励起された放電空間よりレーザビームを取り出すための安定型共振器を放電空間のマイクロ波伝搬方向と直交する方向に配置した請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項8、請求項9、請求項11または請求項12記載のレーザ装置。
- 17【請求項17】放電空間の幅が、0.1~5.0mmの範囲とする請求項1、請求項2または請求項3記載のレーザ装置。
- 18【請求項18】レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、筒状の金属壁と、この金属壁の中心に軸方向に配してマイクロ波を電送するための導体と、円筒状の金属壁の両端に配置された共振器鏡とを備え、前記前記金属壁と前記との間を放電空間としたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 19【請求項19】導体の内部に冷却水を循環するための水路を設けた請求項18記載のレーザ装置。
- 20【請求項20】導体が熱移動素子である請求項18記載のレーザ装置。
- 21【請求項21】レーザ気体の励起を放電により行うレーザ装置であって、マイクロ波発生装置と、このマイクロ波発生装置で発生したマイクロ波を伝送するための筒状の導波路と、この導波路の外周壁に設けられたマイクロ波を放出するための開放窓と、前記導波路の外周に設けられ内部に前記開放窓を通して放電によって励起が行なわれるレーザ気体を封入した環状の放電空間部とを備えたレーザ装置。
- 22【請求項22】導波路の外壁に設ける開放窓が導波路内を伝送するマイクロ波電界の方向に対して垂直方向に形成した請求項21記載のレーザ装置。
- 23【請求項23】導波路の外壁に設ける開放窓が導波路内を伝送するマイクロ波電界の方向に対して平行方向に形成した請求項21記載のレーザ装置。
- 24【請求項24】レーザ気体の励起を放電によって行うレーザ装置であって、マイクロ波を伝送するための導波管の内部に、複数の扁平な冷却板により挟まれた放電空間を1つ以上有し、前記冷却板の表面が光導波面及びマイクロ波伝送路としての機能を有し、前記放電空間の励起源としてマイクロ波を用いたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。
- 25【請求項25】複数の冷却板により挟まれた放電空間内を伝搬するマイクロ波の電界方向が前記冷却板の表面の冷却面に対して平行な成分を有する請求項24記載のレーザ装置。
- 26【請求項26】複数の冷却板により挟まれた放電空間内を伝搬するマイクロ波の電界方向が前記冷却板の表面の冷却面に対して垂直な成分を有する請求項24記載のレーザ装置。
- 27【請求項27】放電空間を励起するマイクロ波の発振周波数が、2.4GHzから2.5GHzの範囲である請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項8、請求項9、請求項11、請求項12、請求項17、請求項18、請求項21または請求項24記載のレーザ装置。
- 28【請求項28】電子放出用のフィラメントを有してマイクロ波を発生させるマグネトロンと、前記フィラメントに印加する電圧の変動を検出し前記マグネトロンの異常動作及び寿命を予知する検出回路とを備えたマイクロ波発生装置。
- 29【請求項29】電子放出用のフィラメントを有してマイクロ波を発生させるマグネトロンと、前記フィラメントに流れる電流を検出し前記マグネトロンの異常動作及び寿命を予知する検出回路とを備えたマイクロ波発生装置。
- 30【請求項30】マイクロ波を発生するマグネトロンと、このマグネトロンに通常使用状態よりを高い陽極電流を流して前記マグネトロンのフイラメント電流或いは電圧の変化を測定することによりマグネトロンの寿命を検出する装置とを備えたマイクロ波発生装置。
- 31【請求項31】レーザ気体の励起をマイクロ波による放電によって行なうレーザ装置であって、前記マイクロ波の発生に、請求項28、請求項29または請求項30記載のマイクロ波発生装置を用いたレーザ装置。
- 32【請求項32】マイクロ波の発生に請求項28、請求項29または請求項30記載のマイクロ波発生装置を用いた請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5、請求項6、請求項7、請求項8、請求項9、請求項10、請求項11、請求項12、請求項13、請求項14、請求項15、請求項16、請求項17、請求項18、請求項19、請求項20、請求項21、請求項22、請求項23、請求項24、請求項25、請求項26または請求項27記載のレーザ装置。
Independent claims32
419 paragraphs in 1 section, as filed
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD [Detailed description of the invention]
【0001】
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a laser device such as a microwave-excited gas laser device and a microwave generator that use microwaves as a means for exciting a laser gas.
【0002】
[Conventional technology]
FIG. 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional gas laser apparatus shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-192285. In the figure, 91 is a 72 MHz high frequency generator, 92 is a power matching circuit, 93 is a high frequency cable, 94 is an insulated feedthrough, 95 and 96 are electrodes, and 97 and 98 are polished to an optical reflection surface on the surface of the electrode. 99 is the discharge gap, 100 and 101 are the spacers for insulating the electrodes 95 and 96, 102 is the U-shaped base, and the assembly consisting of the electrodes 95 and 96 and the spacers 100 and 101 is the base. Mounted on 102, the U-shaped base 102 is closed by a lid 103, and a ceramic insulating material 104 is disposed between the lid 103 and the electrode 95.
【0003】
In the conventional gas laser apparatus composed of the above components, the high frequency generated by the high frequency generator 91 is transmitted through the high frequency cable 93 via the power matching unit 92 and applied between the electrodes 95 and 96. The laser gas filled in the discharge gap 99 is discharge-excited by a high frequency.
【0004】
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In the conventional gas laser apparatus having the above configuration, since RF high-frequency power is used to discharge-excite the laser gas, high-frequency power for forming a discharge space in the discharge gap sandwiched between the electrodes. It is necessary to separate the electrode that supplies the laser and the member that holds the mirror or the like that forms the optical resonator that constitutes the laser device with an insulating material or the like. Further, there is a problem that it is difficult to stack and arrange electrodes for forming a discharge space and to effectively remove heat generated by discharge without insulation on the electrode portion.
【0005】
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the discharge space is formed without separating the electrodes and the like forming the discharge space with an insulator and the like, and the heat generated by the discharge is effectively used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser device and a microwave generator capable of obtaining a compact and stable laser oscillation by removing the laser device.
【0006】
[Means to solve the problem]
The outline of the laser apparatus according to the present invention is that a pair of microwaves for encapsulating a laser gas can be transmitted through a waveguide that forms a part of a microwave circuit in the discharge space for forming the discharge space. A cooling surface is provided to form a discharge region in the discharge space and to remove heat generated by the discharge, and the laser gas enclosed in the discharge space is supplied with microwave power. This is a laser device that excites a laser gas and generates laser light by optical resonators arranged at both ends of the discharge space.
【0007】
According to the laser device of the present invention, it is not necessary to separate the cooling surface forming the discharge space by an insulator or the like by performing the discharge by microwave power, and the cooling surface forming the discharge space is electrically closed. It is possible to. Further, it is possible to provide an additive for forcibly removing heat on the cooling surface.
【0008】
The laser device according to claim 1 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, and has one or more discharge spaces in which the laser gas is excited by electric discharge, and has a plurality of flat plate-shaped cooling surfaces. It is sandwiched between the two and formed in a slab shape, and is characterized in that a microwave is used as an excitation source of this discharge space.
【0009】
According to the laser device according to claim 1, the heat generated by the discharge due to the slab-shaped discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface, so that a smaller and more stable laser device can be obtained and the slab-shaped discharge space can be obtained. By stacking a plurality of discharge spaces of the above, the discharge space per unit volume can be easily expanded.
【0010】
The laser device according to claim 2 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, uses microwaves as an excitation source of the laser gas, and takes an attitude perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwaves. It is characterized by having a discharge space divided and formed by one or more cooling plates.
【0011】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 2, the heat generated by the discharge due to the slab-shaped discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface, and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated to form a discharge space per unit volume. Is easily expanded, the discharge space is divided in the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwave, and the gap of each discharge space is changed to arbitrarily distribute the microwave electric field strength applied to each discharge space. It is possible to control the intensity distribution of the laser beam extracted from the discharge space.
【0012】
The laser device according to claim 3 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, uses microwaves as an excitation source of the laser gas, and takes an attitude parallel to the electric field direction of the microwaves. It is characterized by having a discharge space divided and formed by one or more cooling plates.
【0013】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 3, the heat generated by the discharge due to the slab-shaped discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface, and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated to form a discharge region per unit volume. Is easily expanded, the discharge space is divided in a direction parallel to the electric field direction of the microwave, and the electric field distribution of the microwave, which is the excitation source of the discharge space, is arbitrarily changed to be formed in the discharge space. The discharge area of the discharge region can be arbitrarily changed by changing the excitation distribution of the laser gas in the discharge region and changing the shape of the discharge space.
【0014】
The laser apparatus according to claim 4 has a plurality of discharge regions arranged in the traveling direction of microwaves in claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3.
【0015】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 4, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, the discharge region per unit area is formed by forming a plurality of discharge regions in the same discharge space. Can be easily expanded.
【0016】
The laser device according to claim 5 has a multi-mode in which the microwave transmission mode in the waveguide used as an excitation source of the discharge space is set in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4.
【0017】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 5, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4, by forming a plurality of discharge regions in the same discharge space, per unit area. The discharge area of the can be easily expanded.
【0018】
The laser device according to claim 6 is a through hole for passing a microwave electric line of force through one or more cooling plates in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5. Is provided.
【0019】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 6, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5, the stability of the discharge formed in the discharge space is enhanced. Therefore, a stable laser output can be supplied.
【0020】
The laser device according to claim 7 is provided with protrusions for increasing the electric field strength on the surface forming the discharge space according to claim 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. It is a thing.
【0021】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 7, the same effect as that of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 6, and the stability of the discharge formed in the discharge space are obtained. It is possible to increase the degree and supply a stable laser output.
【0022】
The laser device according to claim 8 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, and a discharge space in which the laser gas is excited by electric discharge is formed by a part of a strip line which is a microwave transmission path. The strip line also serves as an optical waveguide.
【0023】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 8, the flat plate forming the stripline composed of the conductors forming the microwave transmission line acts as a cooling plate for the heat generated by the discharge, and the discharge surface of the stripline is an optical mirror surface. Since it works as an optical waveguide surface, the components can be effectively used spatially, so that a compact and stable laser oscillator can be provided.
【0024】
The laser device according to claim 9 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by an electric discharge, and the discharge space in which the laser gas is excited by the electric discharge using microwaves as an excitation source is a cooling metal having a lattice-shaped cross section. It is characterized in that a plurality of walls are formed, the metal wall has a transmission path for transmitting one or more microwaves, and the longitudinal direction of the discharge space is the optical axis of the laser beam.
【0025】
According to the laser device according to claim 9, the discharge space is surrounded by a grid-like cooling surface, so that the laser device can be stably realized by effectively removing the heat generated by the discharge. The intensity distribution of the laser beam can be arbitrarily changed by changing the cross-sectional area of the plurality of discharge spaces and controlling the excited state of the discharge region.
【0026】
In the laser apparatus according to claim 10, the member forming the discharge space is a dielectric material or a semiconductor material according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 9.
【0027】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 10, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 9, the member forming the discharge space cools. By using a dielectric material or a semiconductor material having a plate-like or lattice-like cooling function for this purpose, a stable discharge can be formed by the electric lines of force generated by the microwave penetrating the plurality of discharge spaces.
【0028】
The laser device according to claim 11 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, and a plurality of discharge spaces in which the laser gas is excited by electric discharge using microwaves as an excitation source are metal walls having a cooling surface. It has a honeycomb-shaped cross section surrounded by a metal wall, has a transmission path for transmitting microwaves through a metal wall, and is characterized in that the longitudinal direction of the discharge space is the optical axis of the laser beam.
【0029】
According to the laser device according to claim 11, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 9, the discharge space is formed by the honeycomb-shaped cooling surface, so that the mechanical strength can be increased and stable discharge can be realized.
【0030】
The laser device according to claim 12 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, and a plurality of discharge spaces in which the laser gas is excited by electric discharge using microwaves as an excitation source are metal walls having a cooling surface. It has a concentric shape with a cross section formed by the above, has a transmission path for transmitting microwaves on the side walls of these plurality of circular tubes, and has the longitudinal direction of this discharge space as the optical axis of the laser beam. It is characterized by.
【0031】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 12, in addition to the same effect as that according to claim 11, a metal wall having a concentric cross section forming a discharge space acts as a second microwave transmission line, thereby forming a discharge region. Can be expanded.
【0032】
The laser apparatus according to claim 13 is formed of a member made of a dielectric material or a semiconductor material in part or in whole, instead of the metal wall of claim 11 or 12.
【0033】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 13, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 11 or 12, more stable discharge can be formed by the electric lines of force generated by microwaves penetrating the plurality of discharge spaces. it can.
【0034】
The laser apparatus according to claim 14 constitutes a discharge space according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 9, claim 11, claim 12 or claim 13. A heat transfer medium is provided in the portion to be used.
【0035】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 14, the same effect as that of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 9, claim 11, claim 12 or claim 13. In addition, since the gain of laser oscillation changes depending on the temperature of the discharge region of the laser gas, the cooling surface temperature is controlled by a heat transfer medium to cool or keep the discharge temperature of the discharge region constant, realizing more stable laser oscillation. can do. Further, by forming a plurality of heat transfer media on each cooling surface, a temperature distribution is formed in one plate-shaped cooling surface, and the discharge shape and gain distribution formed in the discharge space are controlled. , The mode distribution of the laser beam extracted from the laser oscillator can be changed.
【0036】
In the laser apparatus according to claim 15, the heat transfer medium is at least one of a Peltier element and a heat pipe in claim 14.
【0037】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 15, the same effect as that of claim 14 is obtained.
【0038】
The laser apparatus according to claim 16 emits a laser beam from a discharge space excited by a laser beam according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 8, claim 9, claim 11 or claim 12. A stable resonator for taking out is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the microwave propagation direction in the discharge space.
【0039】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 16, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 8, claim 9, claim 11 or claim 12, the microwave transmission line and the like. By making the laser optical axes orthogonal to each other, microwave power can be effectively supplied to the discharge space and the arrangement of the optical resonator can be facilitated.
【0040】
The laser device according to claim 17 has a width of the discharge space in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 mm in claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3.
【0041】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 17, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, in order to efficiently diffuse and cool the heat generated by the discharge in the discharge space from the cooling surface, It is determined by the frequency of the excited microwave and the gear cap of the discharge space, and the discharge gear cap width is a factor that determines the amount of coupling loss of the extracted laser beam. Therefore, it is effective to set the cooling surface separation within the above range. Laser light can be taken out.
【0042】
The laser device according to claim 18 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, and has a tubular metal wall and a conductor that is arranged axially at the center of the metal wall to transmit microwaves. It is characterized in that it is provided with a resonator mirror arranged at both ends of a cylindrical metal wall, and a discharge space is provided between the laser and the metal wall.
【0043】
According to the laser device according to claim 18, the microwave power can be effectively used by the configuration in which the discharge space and the microwave transmission line are combined.
【0044】
The laser device according to claim 19 is the one in which a water channel for circulating cooling water is provided inside the conductor in claim 18.
【0045】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 19, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 18, more stable laser light can be provided by efficiently removing heat generated by electric discharge.
【0046】
The laser device according to claim 20, wherein the conductor is a heat transfer element in claim 18.
【0047】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 20, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 18, more stable laser light can be provided by efficiently removing heat generated by electric discharge by, for example, a heat pipe.
【0048】
The laser device according to claim 21 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by electric discharge, and includes a microwave generator and a tubular waveguide for transmitting microwaves generated by the microwave generator. , An open window provided on the outer peripheral wall of the waveguide for emitting microwaves, and an annular discharge space filled with a laser gas provided on the outer periphery of the waveguide and excited by discharge through an open window inside. It is equipped with.
【0049】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 21, for example, as a microwave open window suitable for a microwave transmission mode of a cylindrical waveguide, microwaves are injected into the discharge space through a slit provided in the tube wall of the cylindrical waveguide. By doing so, a uniform discharge region can be formed in the discharge space.
【0050】
The laser apparatus according to claim 22 is the laser apparatus according to claim 21, wherein an open window provided on an outer wall of the waveguide is formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of a microwave electric field transmitted in the waveguide.
【0051】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 22, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 21, for example, by using the transmission mode E0n mode of the cylindrical waveguide, a uniform discharge region can be formed in the discharge space.
【0052】
The laser device according to claim 23 is the laser device according to claim 21, wherein the open window provided on the outer wall of the waveguide is formed in a direction parallel to the direction of the microwave electric field transmitted in the waveguide.
【0053】
According to the laser apparatus of claim 23, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 21, for example, by using the transmission mode H0n mode of the cylindrical waveguide, a uniform discharge region can be formed in the discharge space.
【0054】
The laser device according to claim 24 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by discharge, and has a discharge space sandwiched between a plurality of flat cooling plates inside a waveguide for transmitting microwaves. It has one or more, the surface of the cooling plate has a function as an optical waveguide surface and a microwave transmission path, and is characterized in that microwaves are used as an excitation source of the discharge space.
【0055】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 24, it is possible to easily change an arbitrary discharge area and discharge length by changing the transmission length and the transmission mode of the waveguide.
【0056】
The laser device according to claim 25 has, in claim 24, a component in which the electric field direction of the microwave propagating in the discharge space sandwiched between the plurality of cooling plates is parallel to the cooling surface on the surface of the cooling plate. Is.
【0057】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 25, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 24, the heat generated by the discharge in the discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated. By easily expanding the discharge region per unit volume and dividing the discharge space in a direction parallel to the electric field direction of the microwave, the electric field distribution of the microwave, which is the excitation source of the discharge space, can be arbitrarily distributed. By changing the excitation distribution of the laser gas in the discharge region formed in the discharge space and changing the shape of the discharge space, the discharge area of the discharge region can be arbitrarily changed.
【0058】
The laser device according to claim 26 has a component in which the electric field direction of the microwave propagating in the discharge space sandwiched between the plurality of cooling plates is perpendicular to the cooling surface on the surface of the cooling plate. Is.
【0059】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 26, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 24, the heat generated by the discharge in the discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated. As a result, the discharge region per unit volume is easily expanded, and the discharge space is divided in the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwave, so that the gap of each discharge space is changed and applied to each discharge space. It is possible to arbitrarily distribute the intensity of the microwave electric field to be generated, and it is possible to control the intensity distribution of the laser beam extracted from the discharge space.
【0060】
The laser apparatus according to claim 27 is claimed 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 8, claim 9, claim 11, claim 12, claim 17, claim 18, claim 21 or claim. In item 24, the oscillation frequency of the microwave that excites the discharge space is in the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.
【0061】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 27, claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 8, claim 9, claim 11, claim 12, claim 17, claim 18, claim 21 Alternatively, in addition to the same effect as in claim 24, since the 2.45 GHz band microwave is in the frequency band used for general microwave ovens, etc., it is used for microwave ovens as microwave power for exciting laser gas by discharge. Since the magnetron can be used, the power supply source can be easily obtained at a low price.
【0062】
The microwave generator according to claim 28 includes a magnetron that has a filament for emitting electrons and generates microwaves, and a detection circuit that detects fluctuations in the voltage applied to the filament and predicts abnormal operation and life of the magnetron. It is equipped with.
【0063】
According to the microwave generator according to claim 28, since the magnetron changes the impedance of the filament element in the magnetron in the process of reaching the life, deterioration or abnormal operation, the change in the voltage applied to the magnetron is monitored. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the operating time of the magnetron from the abnormal operation detection and the operating conditions of the magnetron to the occurrence of abnormal operation of the magnetron or the operating life. As a result, it is possible to provide an industrial laser device or microwave generator such as a more stable manufacturing facility.
【0064】
The microwave generator according to claim 29 includes a magnetron having a filament for emitting electrons to generate microwaves, and a detection circuit for detecting a current flowing through the filament and predicting abnormal operation and life of the magnetron. It is a thing.
【0065】
According to the microwave generator according to claim 29, since the impedance of the filament element in the magnetron changes in the process of reaching the life, deterioration or abnormal operation of the magnetron, the change in the current flowing through the filament is monitored. It is possible to estimate the operable time of the magnetron from the abnormal operation detection and the operating conditions of the magnetron to the occurrence of abnormal operation of the magnetron or the operating life, and the same effect as that of claim 28 can be obtained.
【0066】
The microwave generator according to claim 30 extends the life of the magnetron by measuring the change in the filament current or voltage of the magnetron by passing an anode current higher than that in a normal use state through the magnetron that generates microwaves and the magnetron. It is equipped with a device for detecting.
【0067】
In the microwave generator according to claim 30, in order for the magnetron to operate normally, the amount of electrons emitted from the filament element corresponding to the anodic current flowing through the magnetron is required, and the anodic current is intentionally increased from the filament. By estimating the amount of electrons emitted from the magnetron, the operating time of the magnetron can be estimated.
【0068】
The laser device according to claim 31 is a laser device that excites a laser gas by discharging with microwaves, and uses the microwave generator according to claim 28, 29 or 30 for generating microwaves. It was used.
【0069】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 31, since the operating life of the magnetron can be predicted from the output of the magnetron, the oscillation mode and conditions, the filament voltage or the current, the laser gas is discharged and excited by microwaves using the magnetron. By monitoring the operating state of the magnetron in the gas laser device, the operating life of the laser device, the possibility of abnormal operation, and the abnormal operation can be predicted, and the laser device can be operated stably and effectively.
【0070】
The laser apparatus according to claim 32 is claimed 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 6, claim 7, claim 8, claim 9, claim 10, claim 10. 11, claim 12, claim 13, claim 14, claim 15, claim 16, claim 17, claim 18, claim 19, claim 20, claim 21, claim 22, claim 23 24, 25, 26 or 27, the microwave generator according to claim 28, 29 or 30 is used to generate the microwave.
【0071】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 32, claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 6, claim 7, claim 8, claim 9, claim 10. , Claim 11, claim 12, claim 13, claim 14, claim 15, claim 16, claim 17, claim 18, claim 19, claim 20, claim 21, claim 22, claim In addition to the same effects as in 23, 24, 25, 26 or 27, there are similar effects as in 28, 29 or 30.
【0072】
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
【0073】
(Embodiment 1) The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of the laser apparatus according to claim 1, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 3 is an external view. In the figure, 1 is a kind of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 2 is a square waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space 13, and 3 holds a plurality of cooling plates 4 and a cooling block 5 and a cooling plate 4 for removing heat from the cooling plates 4. It is a chamber for enclosing the laser gas, which consists of a cooling plate rack 6 having an opening for taking out the laser light to the outside, and the surface of the cooling plate 4 is finished to a mirror surface in order to efficiently reflect the laser light. There is. A plurality of discharge spaces 13 are formed in a slab shape by being sandwiched between a plurality of flat plate-shaped cooling plates 4 forming a cooling means and a cooling surface which is a surface of a cooling block 5, and an opening of a cooling plate rack 6 is formed. An opening communicating with the chamber 3 is formed in the chamber 3.
【0074】
7 is a dielectric window for introducing microwaves into the chamber 3 filled with laser gas, and 11 is a coupling window for confining microwaves in the region sandwiching the chamber 3 and efficiently matching the impedance to form a cavity resonator. Matcher, 12 is a microwave reflector for controlling the electric field distribution position of microwaves and forming a cavity resonator, and 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves.
【0075】
9 and 10 are mirrors constituting an optical resonator for extracting laser light from the discharge gas generated in the chamber 3, 9 is a total reflection mirror, and 10 is a partial transmission mirror.
【0076】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguide 2 and impedance-matched by the matching box 11 to be efficiently coupled to the chamber 3. The microwave reflecting plate 12 is arranged so that the microwave electric field strength is maximized at the position of the cooling plate 4 of the chamber 3, and the laser gas is discharged in the discharge space 13 sandwiched between the cooling plates 4 having a high microwave electric field strength. , A laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 is discharged and destroyed by a microwave electric field, plasma is generated, and the laser medium is excited. Here, the laser oscillation conditions are obtained by flowing cooling water through the water passage 14 of the cooling block 5 to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, and the total reflector 9 and the partial reflection Laser oscillating light can be obtained by forming a laser resonator with the mirror 10 using the cooling plate 4 as an optical waveguide.
【0077】
(Embodiment 2) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of the laser apparatus according to claim 1, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 3 is an external view. In the figure, 1 is a kind of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 2 is a square waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space 13, and 3 is a plurality of cooling plates 4 forming a plate-shaped cooling surface and a cooling block 5 for removing heat from the cooling plates 4. It is a chamber for enclosing the laser gas composed of the cooling plate rack 6 which holds the cooling plate 4 and has an opening for taking out the laser light to the outside, and the surface of the cooling plate 4 efficiently reflects the laser light. It is finished to a mirror surface for this purpose. 7 is a dielectric window for introducing microwaves into the chamber 3 filled with laser gas, and 11 is a coupling window for efficiently matching the impedance of microwaves in the region sandwiching the chamber 3 to form a cavity resonator. A matching device that also serves as 12 is a microwave reflector for controlling the electric field distribution position of microwaves and forming a cavity resonator, and 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves.
【0078】
Reference numerals 9 and 10 are mirrors constituting an optical resonator for extracting laser light from the discharge gas generated in the chamber 3, 9 is a total reflection mirror, and 10 is a partial transmission mirror.
【0079】
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 showing the relationship between the microwave electric field vector E applied in the chamber 3 and the microwave electric field applied in each discharge space divided by the cooling plate 4. The cooling block 5 is omitted in FIG. 4 for simplicity.
【0080】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguide 2 and is efficiently coupled to the chamber 3 by impedance matching by the matching box 11. The microwave reflecting plate 12 is arranged so that the microwave electric field strength is maximized at the position of the cooling plate 4 of the chamber 3, and the laser gas is discharged in 13 parts of the discharge space sandwiched between the cooling plates 4 having a high microwave electric field strength. In the microwave electric field, a laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 is discharged and destroyed, plasma is generated, and the laser medium is excited. Here, the laser oscillation conditions are obtained by flowing cooling water through the water passage 14 of the cooling block 5 to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, and the total reflector 9 and the partial reflection Laser oscillating light can be obtained by forming a laser resonator with the mirror 10 using the cooling plate 4 as an optical waveguide. By dividing the discharge space formed in the chamber 3 in the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwave by the cooling plate 4, the microwave transmitted by the waveguide 2 is transmitted by the cooling plate 4 in the chamber 3. The electric field strength is distributed and the microwave electric field strength En applied to the plurality of discharge spaces 13 is applied to each discharge space 13 in proportion to the gap dn of the space divided by the cooling plate 4. In En and dn, n = 1, 2 or 3. Also E = E<sub>1 </sub>+ E<sub>2 </sub>+ E<sub>3 </sub>Is. At this time, the laser gas such as the carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 has an E / N value according to the gas composition, so that the discharge form formed in each discharge space is different due to different gaps and microwave electric fields. It will be. If the gap d is formed to be large, a rectangular discharge space 13 is formed, and if the gap d is formed to be small, a flat discharge space 13 is formed.
【0081】
Therefore, the gain of the laser medium formed in each discharge space differs depending on the heat dissipation efficiency from the cooling plate 4 and the discharge form. Therefore, by changing the gear tap dn of the cooling plate 4 or the discharge space 13 formed in the chamber 3, the cross-sectional intensity distribution of the laser light extracted by the optical resonator from the laser media formed in the plurality of discharge spaces 13 is arbitrary. Can be changed to.
【0082】
(Embodiment 3) A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of the laser apparatus according to claim 1, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 3 is an external view. In the figure, 1 is a kind of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 2 is a square waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space 13, and 3 is a plurality of cooling plates 4 forming a plate-shaped cooling surface and a cooling block 5 for removing heat from the cooling plates 4. It is a chamber for enclosing the laser gas composed of the cooling plate rack 6 which holds the cooling plate 4 and has an opening for taking out the laser light to the outside, and the surface of the cooling plate 4 efficiently reflects the laser light. It is finished to a mirror surface for this purpose. 7 is a dielectric window for introducing microwaves into the chamber 3 filled with laser gas, and 11 is a coupling window for confining microwaves in the region sandwiching the chamber 3 and efficiently matching the impedance to form a cavity resonator. Matcher, 12 is a microwave reflector for controlling the electric field distribution position of microwaves and forming a cavity resonator, and 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves.
【0083】
Reference numerals 9 and 10 are mirrors constituting an optical resonator for extracting laser light from the discharge gas generated in the chamber 3, 9 is a total reflection mirror, and 10 is a partial transmission mirror.
【0084】
In FIG. 5, the transmission mode in the waveguide 2 applied in the chamber 3 is the microwave electric field vector E (arrow) at E01 and the microwave applied in each discharge space 13 divided by the cooling plate 4. It is the AA line sectional view of FIG. 1 which illustrated the relationship of the electric field. The cooling block 5 is omitted in FIG. 5 for simplicity. However, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the discharge space 13 extends in the horizontal direction, but in FIG. 5, the discharge space 13 extends in the vertical direction.
【0085】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguide 2 and is efficiently coupled to the chamber 3 by impedance matching by the matching box 11. The microwave reflecting plate 12 is arranged so that the microwave electric field strength is maximized at the position of the cooling plate 4 of the chamber 3, and the laser gas is discharged in the discharge space 13 sandwiched between the cooling plates 4 having a high microwave electric field strength. , A laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 is discharged and destroyed by a microwave electric field, plasma is generated, and the laser medium is excited. Here, the laser oscillation conditions are obtained by flowing cooling water through the water passage 14 of the cooling block 5 to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, and the total reflector 9 and the partial reflection Laser oscillating light can be obtained by forming a laser resonator with the mirror 10 using the cooling plate 4 as an optical waveguide. By dividing the discharge space 13 formed in the chamber 3 in the direction parallel to the electric field direction of the microwave by the cooling plate 4, the heat generated by the discharge formed in the plurality of discharge spaces 13 can be effectively removed. You can. By setting the length of the cooling plate 4 in the direction of microwave travel to 1/4 or less of the in-tube wavelength g of the microwave, even if the interval between the cooling plates 4 is set to the cutoff frequency or less, the microwave is generated by the cooling plate 4. It penetrates into the sandwiched discharge space 14, discharge-destroys the laser gas, and generates plasma. By providing a space not partitioned by the cooling plates above and below the discharge space composed of a plurality of cooling plates, the formation of a cavity resonator composed of the matching unit 11 and the microwave reflecting plate 12 is guaranteed. , Plasma is effectively generated in the discharge space 13 formed by the cooling plate 4 to excite the laser medium. By varying the gap width of the discharge space 13 sandwiched by the cooling plate 4 or the inner wall of the chamber 3, the gain of the laser medium formed in each discharge space 13 is changed from the heat dissipation efficiency from the cooling plate 4 and the discharge form. Because it can be done by an optical resonator from a laser medium formed in multiple discharge spaces.
【0086】
(Embodiment 4) A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a cooling block 5, a cooling plate 4 including a cooling plate rack 6, and a discharge space 13 when the chamber 3 in FIG. 1 shown in the first embodiment is expanded in the traveling direction of microwaves. It is a vertical sectional front view of a chamber 3.
【0087】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted in the waveguide 2 determined by the cross-sectional dimension of the waveguide 2 by the waveguide 2 shown in FIG. Propagate. At this time, the microwave has a microwave intensity distribution according to the wavelength input g in the tube. Therefore, the dimension of the cooling plate 4 propagates in the waveguide 2 with respect to the traveling direction of the microwave. If it has a length of N, which is an integral multiple of g / 2, N discharge regions are formed in each discharge space sandwiched between the cooling plates 4.
【0088】
(Embodiment 5) A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 is an external view of the laser apparatus according to claim 5, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line BB. In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes a type of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 16 and 22 are square waveguides for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space 26, 25 are tapered waveguides for converting the transmission mode of microwaves transmitted in the waveguide 22, and 23 are. A chamber in which the inside is partitioned by a plurality of cooling plates 24 having a light reflecting mirror surface and a laser gas forming a discharge space 26 is sealed between them, and 27 encloses the laser gas in the chamber 23 and microwaves in the chamber 23. The dielectric window for introduction, 11 is a matcher that also serves as a coupling window for efficiently confining microwaves in the region sandwiching the chamber 23 and efficiently matching the impedance to form a cavity resonator, and 28 is the position of the microwave electric field distribution. A microwave reflector for controlling and forming a cavity resonator, 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves, 9 is a total reflector for forming an optical resonator, and 10 is a partial transmission mirror for forming an optical resonator. Is.
【0089】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguides 22 and 25, and is impedance-matched by the matching box 11 so that the microwave is efficiently coupled to the chamber 23 through the dielectric window 27. The low-order mode microwaves transmitted through the waveguide 22 are converted into the high-order transmission mode by the tapered waveguide 25 and coupled to the chamber 23. Further, the microwave transmitted through the chamber 23 is reflected by the microwave reflecting plate 28 and introduced into the chamber 23 again. The matching unit 11 and the microwave reflecting plate 28 refer to the in-tube wavelength of the microwave propagating in the waveguide. The microwave emitted from the magnetron 8 is confined between the matching unit 11 and the microwave reflector 28 that sandwich the chamber 23, and is efficiently confined to the laser in the chamber 23. Used to excite a gas. Further, the cavity resonator is configured so that the electric field strength of microwaves is maximized in the discharge space 26 in the chamber 23. On the cooling plate 24 at the overlap position of the abdomen of the electric field distribution of the cavity resonator with high microwave electric field strength and the portion of the waveguide having the high microwave electric field distribution in the cross section of the waveguide and the chamber 23 according to the microwave transmission mode in the waveguide. In the sandwiched discharge space 26, a laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 26 is discharged and destroyed by a microwave electric field, and plasma is generated to excite the laser medium. The discharge plasma generated by the discharge is generated from the portion having a high electric field strength as a base point, but the heat generated in the discharge portion by the cooling plate 24 is efficiently removed to increase the microwave power introduced into the chamber 23. Spreads along the cooling plate 24 with. Here, by optimizing the discharge conditions such as the cooling of the discharge plasma and the pressure of the laser gas, the laser oscillation conditions can be obtained, and the cooling plate 24 is used as the optical waveguide surface between the full reflector 9 and the partial transmission mirror 10. A laser resonator is formed and laser oscillating light is obtained.
【0090】
The same operation can be realized even if the waveguide 22 and the tapered waveguide 25 are configured by using the same waveguide having a cross-sectional dimension capable of multimode transmission. Further, the fifth embodiment can be applied to the first to fourth embodiments described above.
【0091】
(Embodiment 6) A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is an external view (a) and a schematic view (b) of a cooling plate in the configuration chamber of the laser apparatus according to claim 6, which is applied to the chambers of the first to fifth embodiments. .. In the figure, 31 is a cooling plate whose flat surface has an optical mirror surface, 32 is a through hole for transmitting microwave electric lines of force and an electric field, and 33 is a discharge space sandwiched between cooling plates 31 in which a laser gas is sealed. , 34 is the discharge region that was discharged and destroyed by the microwave electromagnetic field, and 36 is the chamber metal wall that doubles as a cooling block.
【0092】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave propagating in the waveguide is spatially divided by the plurality of cooling plates 31, so that the microwave electric field E is voltage-distributed according to the following equation.
【0093】
E = El + E2 + E3 + E4 D = εl El = ε2 E2 D = ε2 El = ε2 E2 = ε2 E3 = ε2 E4 In each discharge space 33, the applied microwave electric field En causes discharge destruction of the laser gas such as carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 33, which becomes discharge plasma and excites the laser medium. By the through hole 32 provided in the cooling plate 31, the division of the microwave electric field on the cooling plate 31 is eliminated, and the microwave electric power line has continuity on the through hole 32 of the cooling plate 31. Therefore, when a discharge region (discharge plasma) 34 is generated in the discharge space 33 due to discharge destruction of the laser gas in a part of the plurality of discharge spaces 33, the dielectric constant ε1 of the laser gas in the discharge space 33 and the discharge plasma are generated. Due to the difference in the dielectric constant ε2 in the discharged region Discharge plasma region permittivity ε2> laser gas permittivity εl The through hole 32 changes the voltage division ratio and increases the microwave electric field strength in the discharge region of the undischarged portion, which facilitates discharge destruction of the undischarged discharge region and discharges other than on the same line in the divided discharge space. It works to prevent the formation of plasma.
【0094】
(Embodiment 7) A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is an external view and a schematic view of a cooling plate in the chamber constituting the laser apparatus according to claim 7, which is applied to the chambers of the first to sixth embodiments. In the figure, 31 is a cooling plate whose flat surface has a photomirror surface, 35 is a protrusion for increasing the electric field strength of microwaves, 33 is a discharge space refreshed by a cooling plate 31 in which a laser gas is sealed, and 34 is a microwave. The discharge region, 36, which was discharged and ruptured by the electric field, is a chamber metal wall that also serves as a cooling block. The protrusion 35 can also be provided on the surface of the cooling block in contact with the discharge space 33.
【0095】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave propagating in the waveguide is spatially divided by the plurality of cooling plates 31, so that the microwave electric field E is voltage-distributed according to the following equation.
【0096】
E = El + E2 + E3 + E4 E TA E is the microwave electromagnetic field strength, T is the laser gas temperature, and A is the discharge depletion potential.
【0097】
In each discharge space 33, a laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 33 is discharged and destroyed by the applied microwave electric field En to become a discharge plasma, and the laser medium is excited. Since the susceptibility to discharge destruction of the laser gas is proportional to the electric field strength applied to the laser gas and the temperature of the laser gas, a portion having a high electric field strength is formed on the cooling plate 31 by the ridge 35 provided in the cooling plate 31. By doing so, the discharge position is stably formed.
【0098】
(Embodiment 8) An eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is applied in place of the waveguide chamber of, for example, FIG. 1 and FIG. 7, and is a symmetrical strip line (a) for propagating microwaves in the laser apparatus of claim 8. It is an external view of b) and asymmetric strip line (c), (d). 37 is the substrate conductor that constitutes the strip line, 38 is the strip conductor, 39 is the dielectric layer such as Teflon and quartz for maintaining the distance between the substrate conductor 37 and the strip conductor 38, and 40 is the dielectric layer that constitutes the strip line. It is a discharge space formed by removing a part of 39.
【0099】
Next, the operation will be described. If the width of the strip conductor 38 of the strip line is sufficiently larger than the height of the dielectric layer 39, the microwave can propagate with a small radiation loss, and the width of the discharge space 40 provided in the dielectric layer 39 propagates through the strip line. Since a microwave electric field can be applied to the discharge space 40 without a large microwave loss in the discharge space 40 by setting it to 1/4 or less of the microwave wavelength, the carbon dioxide gas laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 40, etc. The laser gas in the above is discharged and destroyed to become discharge plasma, and the laser medium is excited. At this time, the surface of the substrate conductor 37 and the strip conductor 38 constituting the microwave strip line is set as an optical mirror surface, and the laser oscillation condition is obtained by appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, and the discharge space 40 is created. Laser oscillating light is obtained by forming a laser resonator with the surfaces of the substrate conductor 37 and the strip conductor 38 as an optical waveguide between the total reflection mirror and the partial reflection mirror.
【0100】
(Embodiment 9) A ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional front view of the laser device according to claim 9, and FIG. 13 is an external view of a cooling body in which the discharge space has a grid-like shape. In the figure, 20 is a kind of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 18 is a rectangular waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space 13, 19 is a cooling block for removing heat from the cooling plate of the discharge block 29, and the discharge block 29 forms the discharge space 13. The discharge block formed by the cooling plate so as to have a grid-like cross section, and the inner wall surface forming the discharge space 13 is mirror-finished in order to efficiently reflect the laser beam. 21 is a chamber for encapsulating the laser gas, 22 is a dielectric window for introducing microwaves into the chamber 21 encapsulating the laser gas, and 11 is a cavity in which microwaves are efficiently confined in the region sandwiching the chamber 21 and impedance matching is performed. Matcher that doubles as a coupling window for forming a resonator, 12 is a microwave reflector for controlling the electric field distribution position of microwaves and forming a cavity resonator, and 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves. , 30 are coupling windows that serve as transmission paths for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space 13 of the discharge block 29.
【0101】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguide 18 and is efficiently coupled to the chamber 21 by impedance matching with the matching box 11. The microwave reflector 12 is arranged so that the microwave electric field strength is maximized at the position of the discharge block 29 in the chamber 21, and the laser gas is micron in the discharge space 13 in the discharge block 29 having a high microwave electric field strength. A laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 is discharged and destroyed by the wave electromagnetic field, plasma is generated, and the laser medium is excited.
【0102】
Here, the laser oscillation conditions are obtained by flowing cooling water through the water passage 57 of the cooling block 19 to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, so that the discharge block 29 has a grid pattern. Laser oscillation by resonating between a pair of mirrors using the cooling wall surface of the discharge space 13 in the discharge block 29 as an optical waveguide by an optical resonator consisting of a pair of full-reflecting mirrors and partial-reflecting mirrors arranged on both end faces having a cross section. Light is obtained. The same applies when one or more, for example, a plurality of microwaves are transmitted.
【0103】
(Embodiment 10) A tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14 corresponds to the laser apparatus according to claim 10, and in each of the above embodiments, a plate-like or lattice for forming a discharge space of the laser apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the partial pressure change of the microwave electric field applied in the discharge space when the cooling plate which forms a shape is made of a semiconductor material such as a dielectric or silicon. In FIG. 14, 13 is a discharge space filled with a laser gas, 5 is a cooling block for removing heat from a cooling plate 4 forming a chamber 3, 41 is a cooling plate made of a dielectric or a semiconductor material, and 42 is a micro. It is a discharge plasma that has been discharged and destroyed by a wave electric field. Next, the operation will be described. When the laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 by the microwave electric field is not discharged and destroyed (FIG. 14 (a)), the thicknesses of the plurality of discharge spaces 13 and the cooling plate 41 are equal. , The microwave electric field applied to each discharge space shows the same intensity. Similarly, the microwave electric field applied in the cooling plate 41 also shows the same strength. In FIG. 14 (a), E0 = El × 3 + E2 × 2 D = ε0 El = ε1 E2 ε0 <ε1, El> E2 E0 is the total microwave electric field strength, El is the microwave electric field applied to each discharge space when not discharged, E2 is the microwave electric field applied to the cooling plate 41, ε0 is the permittivity of the laser gas, and ε1 is the cooling plate. The permittivity of the dielectric or semiconductor constituting the above, D is the electric field density.
【0104】
FIG. 14 (b) shows a state in which the laser gas is discharged and destroyed by the microwave electric field to form the discharge plasma 42 in a part of the discharge spaces of the plurality of discharge spaces 13. In FIG. 14 (b), E0'is the total microwave electric field strength, El'is the microwave electric field applied to each discharge space when undischarged, and ε2 is the permittivity of the discharge plasma.
【0105】
D = ε0 El = ε1 E2 = ε2 E3 E0 = E0', ε0 <ε2, El'> E3, E1> E1' The discharge plasma 42 has a higher dragon attraction rate ε2 than the undischarged laser gas with respect to the frequency of the applied microwave electromagnetic wave. At this time, when the cooling plate 41 that partitions each discharge space 13 is formed of a dielectric or a semiconductor, the lines of electric force penetrating the inside of each discharge space 13 have continuity, so that electricity is generated by microwaves passing through each part. The microwave electric field strength applied to each part changes so that the flux density D becomes a constant value. Therefore, the microwave electric field strength applied to the discharge space 13 in which the discharge plasma 42 is generated becomes small, and the microwave electric field strength applied to the cooling plate 41 and the discharge space 13 in which the discharge is not destroyed becomes large, and the discharge is not discharged. The intensity of the applied voltage is increased so that the laser gas whose discharge space 13 is enclosed by the microwave electric field is easily discharged and destroyed. In the above voltage dividing effect, the laser gas in all the discharge spaces 13 is discharged and destroyed, and the microwave electric field strength is applied to the discharge space so that the state of the discharge plasma 42 generated in each discharge space becomes equal even in the state of the discharge plasma. It goes without saying that the microwave electric field is divided so that the discharge plasma generated in each discharge space is stabilized by acting as a balancer so that the microwave electric field strength is commensurate with the dielectric constant of the generated discharge plasma 42. .. It goes without saying that even when the thicknesses of the plurality of discharge spaces 13 and the cooling plates 41 are different, the partial pressure effect of the microwave electric field works in the same manner depending on the state of each of the discharge spaces 13.
【0106】
(Embodiment 11) An eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal front view of the laser apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment corresponding to claim 11, and FIG. 16 is an external view of a cooling body in which the discharge space has a grid-like shape. In the figure, 20 is a kind of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. Reference numeral 18 is a square waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space, 19 is a cooling block for removing heat from the cooling plate of the discharge block 43, and the discharge block 43 forms the discharge space 13. It is formed by a cooling plate so as to have a honeycomb-shaped cross section, and the inner wall surface forming the discharge space 13 is mirror-finished in order to efficiently reflect the laser beam. 21 is a chamber for encapsulating the laser gas, 22 is a dielectric window for introducing microwaves into the chamber 21 encapsulating the laser gas, and 11 is a cavity in which the microwave is confined in the region sandwiching the chamber 21 and the impedance is efficiently matched. Matcher that doubles as a coupling window for forming a resonator, 12 is a microwave reflector for controlling the electric field distribution position of microwaves and forming a cavity resonator, and 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves. , 17 are coupling windows of the transmission path for transmitting microwaves to each discharge space 13 of the discharge block, and are formed on the vertical plate in the drawing of the cooling plate partitioning the discharge space 13. 14 is a waterway.
【0107】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguide 18 and is efficiently coupled to the chamber 21 by impedance matching with the matching box 11. The microwave reflector 12 is arranged so that the microwave electric field strength is maximized at the position of the discharge block 43 of the chamber 21, and the laser gas is micron in the discharge space 13 in the discharge block 43 having a high microwave electric field strength. A laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 13 is discharged and destroyed by the wave electromagnetic field, plasma is generated, and the laser medium is excited.
【0108】
Here, the laser oscillation conditions are obtained by flowing cooling water through the water passage 14 of the cooling block 19 to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, and the grid-like cross section of the discharge block. By an optical resonator composed of a pair of full-reflecting mirrors and partial-reflecting mirrors arranged on both end faces in the longitudinal direction, the cooling wall surface of the discharge space 13 in the discharge block 43 is used as an optical waveguide to resonate between the pair of mirrors. Laser oscillation light can be obtained.
【0109】
(Embodiment 12) A twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG. 17 is an external view of the laser apparatus corresponding to the second clause 12, and FIG. 18 is a vertical sectional front view. In these figures, 44 is a type of microwave circuit for generating plasma in the laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 45 is a microwave that transmits the microwave emitted from the magnetron 8 and is confined microwave. The cavity resonator for increasing the electric field strength of, 47 is the microwave antenna that serves as the transmission path for transmitting the microwave power amplified by the cavity resonator 45 to the discharge spaces 51 and 52, and 46 is in the waveguide. A matching device for adjusting the Q value of the cavity resonator 45 provided in the above, 48 is a laser in which the microwave antenna 47, the cavity resonator and the cooling tubes 53 and 54 are separated and enclosed in the discharge spaces 51 and 52. Spacers 53 and 54 made of a dielectric for sealing the gas are cooling tubes A and B having a concentric metal shape for forming the discharge spaces 51 and 52 in which the laser gas is enclosed, and are inner wall tubes. The inner wall surface of A54 has a light reflecting mirror surface, and the inner wall tube B53 has a light reflecting mirror surface on both the inner wall and the outer wall. 49 is a cooling block for removing the heat generated by the discharge, 50 is a water channel for effectively cooling the cooling block 49, 51 is a discharge space A filled with a laser gas, and 52 is a discharge filled with a laser gas. Space B. 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves, 10 is a partial reflector in a resonator mirror that forms an optical resonator consisting of a total reflector and a partially transmissive mirror, and is discharged together with the total reflector (not shown). It is arranged at both ends of the spaces A and B in the longitudinal direction.
【0110】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is confined and amplified by the waveguide 45. At this time, the amplification factor of the microwave in the cavity resonator 45 is adjusted by the matching unit 46, and the microwave power stored in the cavity resonator 45 by the microwave antenna 47, which is a kind of microwave transmission line, is It is taken out from the cavity resonator 45 and transmitted to the discharge space B52. Since the microwave antenna 47 has the effect of a G line, which is a type of microwave transmission path, it emits microwaves while emitting microwaves into the discharge space A51, which exists in a path for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space B52. To transmit. The discharge space B52 is generated by the microwave power transmitted by the microwave antenna 47, and the discharge space B52 is generated by the radiated power of the microwave power transmitted by the microwave antenna 47. The laser gas is discharged and destroyed, plasma is generated, and the laser medium is excited. Here, the laser oscillation conditions are obtained by flowing cold water through the water passage 50 of the cooling block 49 to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas, and the laser oscillation conditions are obtained on both end faces of the cooling block. Laser oscillating light is obtained by resonating between the pair of mirrors using the cooling wall surface of the discharge space in the cooling block as an optical waveguide by an optical resonator composed of a pair of fully reflecting mirrors and a partial reflecting mirror.
【0111】
The amount of radiation during transmission of microwaves transmitted through the microwave antenna 47 can be easily adjusted by changing the positional relationship between the cooling tubes 53 and 54 and the microwave antenna. In addition, since the amount of radiation changes depending on the state of the discharge spaces A51 and B52, each discharge space acts as a balancer.
【0112】
(Embodiment 13) The thirteenth embodiment corresponding to claim 13 applies the effects described in the tenth embodiment to the laser apparatus of the eleventh and twelfth embodiments. Shows the same operation. That is, in the eleventh embodiment and the twelfth embodiment, instead of the metal wall forming the discharge spaces 13, 51, 52, a part or the whole is formed by a member made of a dielectric material or a semiconductor material. ing. According to this embodiment, the same effect as that described in the tenth embodiment can be obtained.
【0113】
(Embodiment 14) A fourteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 19 (a) and 19 (b) are cross-sectional views of a cooling plate rack portion including a cooling surface and a support material constituting a discharge space in the laser apparatus according to claims 14 and 15. In the figure, 5 is a cooling block for cooling the cooling surface and the like constituting the discharge space, 14 is a water channel for flowing cooling water for effectively removing heat from the cooling block, and 4 is a stack of discharge spaces. At the same time, the surface is mirror-finished so as to form an optical waveguide surface with a cooling plate for removing heat generated in the discharge space. 13 is a discharge space in which a laser gas is sealed, 55 is a heat pipe which is a heat transfer medium, and 56 is a Peltier element which is a heat transfer medium built in a cooling plate 57.
【0114】
Next, the operation will be described. The discharge plasma generated by the discharge destruction of the laser gas formed in the discharge space 13 by the microwave acts as a laser medium for laser oscillation, but the laser gas such as carbon dioxide gas becomes a laser medium when the gas temperature becomes too high. It is necessary to efficiently remove heat from the discharge plasma because it does not function as a gas. Due to the waveguide loss generated when the laser beam reflects the reflecting surface of the cooling plate 4 due to the discharge generated in the discharge space 13 and the waveguide mode, the generated heat is diffused and cooled by the cooling plate 4, but quickly from the cooling plate 4. In order to transfer heat to the cooling block 5 cooled by flowing cooling water, a heat pipe 55 is used for a part of the cooling plate rack or the like constituting the cooling block 5, and a normal conductor material such as Al is used. By transferring heat more efficiently than using it, the average temperature of the discharge plasma is maintained and stabilized at the optimum temperature for laser oscillation, and it operates so that stable laser light can be extracted. Further, by incorporating the Peltier element 56, which is a heat transfer element, inside the cooling plate 57, etc., the heat generated by the discharge can be quickly transferred to the cooling block 5, so that the temperature of the discharge plasma becomes the optimum temperature. Operate.
【0115】
(Embodiment 15) A fifteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a cooling plate rack portion including a cooling surface and a support material constituting a discharge space in the laser apparatus. In the 14th embodiment corresponding to claim 14, this embodiment obtains the same effect as that of the 14th embodiment by using the Peltier element 56 and the heat pipe 55 in combination. Further, a plurality of Peltier elements 56 are built in the cooling plate 57, and the heat transfer capacity of each Peltier element is changed by controlling the current (applied voltage) flowing through each Peltier element 56, and the heat transfer capacity of each Peltier element is changed. By changing the temperature of the discharge plasma in the discharge space 13 by creating the temperature distribution of the above, the gain of the laser medium is controlled and the operation is performed so that a stable laser beam can be taken out.
【0116】
In the 14th embodiment and the 15th embodiment, the portion forming the discharge space 13 includes a cooling plate and a support material forming the discharge space, and these members or the discharge space act as a heat transfer medium. It may also serve as a part of the constituent parts.
【0117】
(Embodiment 16) The 16th embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a drawing used in the first embodiment, and is an external view of the laser apparatus according to claim 16. In FIG. 3, 8 is a magnetron for generating microwaves, 2 is a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space, 3 is a chamber for encapsulating laser gas, and 9 and 10 are generated in chamber 3. It is a mirror constituting an optical resonator for extracting laser light from the discharged gas, 9 is a full-reflecting mirror, and 10 is a partial transmission mirror.
【0118】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave power transmitted to the discharge space in the chamber 3 discharge-destroys the laser gas enclosed in the chamber 3 to form a discharge plasma to obtain a laser medium, but the laser light is extracted from the laser medium. Requires at least a pair of mirrors. Propagation of microwaves into the discharge space because materials such as ZnSe and Ge that can transmit microwaves are mainly used as mirrors that make up an optical resonator for extracting laser light from a laser gas such as carbon dioxide. By making the direction and the laser light extraction direction orthogonal to each other, it is easy to prevent leakage of microwaves from the microwave circuit. Further, by using a microwave opaque mirror such as Cu as the base material of the mirror constituting the optical cavity and configuring the unstable resonator, the microwave propagation direction and the laser light extraction direction are more than the laser light extraction direction. By forming a stable cavity by making them orthogonal to each other, the operation of reducing the coupling loss with the cooling surface for the waveguide mode transmission is performed.
【0119】
(Embodiment 17) The seventeenth embodiment of the present invention is a laser apparatus according to a first embodiment, a second embodiment, and a third embodiment corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 3. The distance between the plurality of flat plate-shaped cooling surfaces forming the discharge space 13, that is, the width of the discharge space 13 is set in the range of 0.1 mm to 5.0 mm.
【0120】
(Embodiment 18) An eighteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 21 is a longitudinal front view of the laser apparatus according to claim 18. In the figure, 60 is a microwave generator for generating microwaves, 61 is a microwave transmission path such as a coaxial cable for transmitting microwaves to a discharge chamber 67, and 70 is a microwave generator 60 and a discharge chamber. A connector for connecting 67, 62 is a microwave transmission conductor wire for transmitting microwaves, 63 is a discharge space filled with a laser gas provided between the discharge chamber 67 and the microwave transmission conductor wire 62, 66 is a cooling pipe for cooling the discharge chamber 67, 68 is a spacer for sealing the laser gas enclosed in the discharge chamber 67 and insulating the microwave transmission conductor wire 62 and the discharge chamber 67, and 69 is a microwave. It is a terminal box for terminating. The discharge chamber 67 is formed of a cylindrical, for example, cylindrical metal wall.
【0121】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave power generated by the microwave generator 60 propagates through the microwave transmission line 61 via the connector 70 and is transmitted to the microwave transmission conductor line 62 in the discharge chamber 67. The microwave power generated by the microwave generator 60 reaches the terminal Box 69 and is reflected while propagating a part of the microwave power to the discharge space 63 in the discharge chamber 67 while propagating through the microwave transmission conductor wire 62. The microwave transmission conductor wire 62 again transmits and attenuates the microwave while radiating it to the discharge space 63. At this time, the microwave power (electric field) radiated in the discharge space 63 causes discharge destruction of the laser gas such as carbon dioxide gas enclosed in the discharge space, and plasma is generated to excite the laser medium. Here, the laser oscillation conditions can be obtained by cooling the discharge plasma with the cooling pipe 66 provided on the outer wall of the discharge chamber 67 and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas. Laser light is obtained by forming a laser resonator with a partial transmission mirror 64.
【0122】
(Embodiment 19) In the laser apparatus of the eighteenth embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 18, the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention applies a discharge plasma inside the microwave transmission conductor wire 62. It has a structure in which cooling water for cooling flows.
【0123】
(Embodiment 20) A twentieth embodiment of the present invention is a heat transfer element as a microwave transmission conductor wire 62 in the laser apparatus of the eighteenth embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 18. By using a heat pipe, it has a function of removing heat generated by a microwave transmission line and discharge plasma.
【0124】
(Embodiment 21) A 21st embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23. FIG. 22 is a longitudinal front view of the 21st embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 21, and FIG. 23 is a CC sectional view thereof. In the figure, 71 is a kind of microwave circuit for generating plasma in a laser gas by microwave discharge and performing laser excitation. 72 is a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the discharge space, for example, a cylindrical waveguide, and 73 is, for example, a cylinder for accumulating microwaves emitted from a magnetron 8 which is a kind of microwave generator. Cylindrical, for example, a cylindrical cavity tube that forms part of the cavity resonator 85 of the above, 74 stores the microwaves radiated from the magnetron 8 in the cylindrical cavity tube 73 and efficiently aligns the impedance. 75 is an open window for radiating microwaves stored in a cylindrical cavity resonator 85 to an annular discharge space 80, 76 is a laser enclosed in an annular discharge space 80. A microwave transmission window for sealing gas and transmitting microwaves from a cylindrical cavity resonator, 79 is a metal cylindrical tube A, 77 that forms an annular discharge space with a notch similar in shape to the open window 75. Holds the metal cylindrical tube B for forming the annular discharge space, 78 holds the cooling pipe for cooling the metal cylindrical tube 77, 83 and 84 hold the metal cylindrical tubes A77, B79, etc. for forming the annular discharge space 80. The flanges A and B for the purpose. A laser light transmitting window is attached to the flange A83 and the flange B84. 81 is a partial transmission mirror and 82 is a total reflection mirror.
【0125】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the cylindrical waveguide 72 and is efficiently coupled to the cylindrical cavity resonator 85 by impedance matching at the coupling window 74. The microwave power stored in the cylindrical cavity resonator 85 is coupled to the annular discharge space 80 from the open window 75 via the microwave transmission window 76, and is a laser gas such as a carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the annular discharge space 80. Discharges and breaks, plasma is generated and the laser medium is excited. Here, the laser oscillation conditions can be obtained by flowing cooling water through the cooling pipe 78 provided on the outer wall of the metal cylindrical tube to cool the discharge plasma and appropriately selecting the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas. Laser oscillation light can be obtained by forming an external laser optical resonator with a total reflection mirror 81 and a partial transmission mirror 82. Needless to say, the partial transmission mirror 81 and the total reflection mirror 82 may be installed in the annular discharge space 80 to serve as an internal optical resonator.
【0126】
(Embodiment 22) In the 22nd embodiment of the present invention, in the 21st embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 21, the shape of the open window provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical waveguide is a cylindrical waveguide. It is formed so as to be perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwave transmitted inside.
【0127】
(Embodiment 23) In the 23rd embodiment of the present invention, in the 21st embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 21, the shape of the open window provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical waveguide is a cylindrical waveguide. It is formed so as to be parallel to the electric field direction of the microwave transmitted inside. For example, the shape of the open window is the same as in FIGS. 22 and 23, and the transmission mode H0n of the cylindrical waveguide is used.
【0128】
(Embodiment 24) A twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 24 is a perspective view having a fracture surface of the twenty-fourth embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to the fourth clause 24. In the figure, 8 is a magnetron, which is a type of microwave generator, 87 is a waveguide for transmitting microwaves, 86 is a discharge chamber that also serves as a waveguide for transmitting microwaves, and 88 is laser light. It is a cooling plate for forming a flat discharge space 89 that also serves as a waveguide surface of the above, and the flat surface of the cooling plate 88 is finished as a mirror surface in order to efficiently reflect the laser beam. Reference numeral 90 denotes a coupling window for coupling the microwave generated by the magnetron 8 from the waveguide 87 to the discharge chamber 86.
【0129】
Next, the operation will be described. The microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted by the waveguide 87 and efficiently transmitted to the discharge chamber 86 which is impedance-matched by the coupling window 90. The discharge chamber 86 and the waveguide 87 are configured to be a T-shaped branched waveguide, which is a kind of waveguide transmission path, so that the microwave generated by the magnetron 8 is transmitted in the discharge chamber 86. By setting the longitudinal dimension of the discharge chamber 86 to an integral multiple of the in-tube half wavelength, an electric field strength distribution according to the in-tube wavelength of the microwave to be transmitted is formed in the discharge chamber 86, and is sandwiched by the cooling plate 88. In the discharge space 89, the laser gas such as the carbon dioxide laser gas enclosed in the discharge space 89 is discharged and destroyed by the microwave electric field according to the microwave electric field intensity distribution, and plasma is generated to excite the laser medium. Here, the discharge plasma is diffused and cooled by the cooling plate 88, and the discharge conditions such as the pressure of the laser gas are appropriately selected to obtain the laser oscillation conditions, and the total reflections arranged at both ends of the discharge chamber 86 in the longitudinal direction are obtained. Laser oscillating light is obtained by forming a laser resonator between a mirror (not shown) and a partial reflecting mirror 10 using a cooling plate 88 as an optical waveguide.
【0130】
The T-shaped branched waveguide formed by the discharge chamber 86 and the waveguide 87 may be a rectangular waveguide or a tubular waveguide including a cylinder.
【0131】
(Embodiment 25) The 25th embodiment of the present invention is sandwiched between cooling surfaces on the surface of a plurality of flat cooling plates in the 24th embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 24. The microwaves propagating in the discharge space are arranged so that the electric field direction is parallel to the cooling surface.
【0132】
(Embodiment 26) The 26th embodiment of the present invention is sandwiched between cooling surfaces on the surface of a plurality of flat cooling plates in the 24th embodiment corresponding to the laser apparatus according to claim 24. It is arranged so that the electric field direction of the microwave propagating in the discharge space is a component perpendicular to the cooling surface.
【0133】
(Embodiment 27) The 27th embodiment of the present invention corresponds to each of the above embodiments, for example, claims 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12, 17, 18, 21, 24. In the embodiment of the above, the oscillation frequency of the microwave for discharging and destroying the laser gas such as carbon dioxide gas enclosed in the discharge space to generate plasma and exciting the laser medium is set in the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHZ. It is a thing.
【0134】
(Embodiment 28) The 28th embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 and 26. FIG. 25 is a basic configuration diagram of the 28th embodiment corresponding to the microwave generator according to claim 28, and FIG. 26 is a block diagram including a detection circuit for detecting abnormal operation and life of the magnetron. In these figures, 58 is a magnetron, 59 is a magnetron drive power supply, 105 is a filament power supply power supply, and 106 is a detection circuit A. Reference numerals 107, 108, and 109 are an Ef supply power supply 107 constituting the filament power supply power supply 105, a voltage modulator 108 such as a slidac and an AVR, and an isolation transformer 109 such as a down transformer. Reference numeral 110 is a magnetron filament element. Reference numerals 111, 112, and 113 are the Ef voltage comparison circuit 111, the arithmetic circuit Al12, and the display instruction circuit A113 that constitute the detection circuit Al06.
【0135】
Next, the operation will be described. The magnetron 58 operates by supplying the magnetron drive power supply 59 to the magnetron 58 with the anode voltage Eb and the anode current Ib, but at this time, the anode voltage Eb to which the electrons emitted from the filament element inside the magnetron 58 are applied. It is excited by the cavity resonator inside the magnetron 58 by the magnetic field such as the permanent magnet of the magnetron 58, and emits microwaves from the antenna of the magnetron 58. When the magnetron 58 is used within the specified temperature range, applied voltage, current, etc., the magnetron 58 is used at the time when a phenomenon called molding occurs due to a decrease in the amount of electrons emitted from the filament element 110. , It becomes impossible to emit microwaves, and it becomes unusable. The magnetron 58 heats the filament element 110 by applying a filament voltage Ef to the filament element 110 and passing a filament current If through the filament element 110 in order to emit electrons from the filament element 110 immediately before or at the same time as operating the magnetron 58. The seed electrons from the filament element 110 are excited and amplified in the internal cavity resonator of the magnetron 58 and emit microwaves. In the magnetron 58, the amount of electrons emitted decreases due to the deterioration of the filament element 110, and molding occurs. At this time, the anode voltage Eb and the filament voltage Ef change as compared with the normal operation. By comparing this amount of change with the Ef voltage value during normal operation by the Ef voltage comparison circuit 111, the presence or absence of abnormal operation of the magnetrosi 58 is detected. Further, the impedance value of the filament element 110 changes as the deterioration of the filament element 110 progresses. Therefore, the secondary voltage greatly changes due to the load fluctuation between the Ef supply power supply applied to the filament element 110 and the filament element 110. For example, an isolation transformer 109 or the like having a large drooping characteristic is provided, and the Ef voltage at the initial stage of operation of the magnetron 58 and the Ef voltage after operation are compared by the Ef voltage comparison circuit 111. The deterioration characteristics of the lament element and the magnetron operating conditions by the magnetron drive power supply 59 are compared and calculated. Then, before the magnetron 58 causes an abnormal operation due to deterioration of the filament element 110, the possible operating time of the magnetron 58 can be predicted and a display warning can be given by the display instruction circuit Al13. Further, when the magnetron 58 causes an abnormal operation due to a decrease in the electron emission amount of the filament element 110 by the voltage modulator 108, the filament voltage Ef applied to the filament element 110 is increased within the absolute rated voltage and current of the filament element 110. By increasing the amount of electrons emitted from the filament element 110, the magnetron 58 can be temporarily returned to an operable state.
【0136】
(Embodiment 29) A 29th embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 27 to 29. FIG. 27 is a basic configuration diagram of the 29th embodiment corresponding to the microwave generator according to claim 29, and FIG. 28 is a block diagram including a detection circuit for detecting abnormal operation and life of the magnetron. In the figure, 58 is a magnetron, 59 is a magnetron drive power supply, 107 is an Ef voltage supply power supply, and 114 is a detection circuit B. 110 is the filament element of the magnetron 58, 115 is the If current detection circuit for detecting the filament current value flowing through the filament element 110 of the magnetron, and 116, 117, 118, 119 are the storage circuits 116 and If currents constituting the detection circuit Bl14. The comparison circuit 117, the arithmetic circuit Bl18, and the display instruction circuit Bl19.
【0137】
FIG. 29 is a correlation diagram of changes in the filament current If and the impedance value Zf of the filament element 110 with respect to the degree of filament deterioration.
【0138】
Next, the operation will be described. In the magnetron 58, the filament element 110 is heated by the filament voltage Ef applied to the filament element 110 inside the magnetron 58 and the filament current If flowing through the filament element to emit electrons. The electrons emitted from the filament element 110 are excited inside the magnetron 58 and emit microwaves by supplying the magnetron 58 with the anode voltage Eb and the anode current Ib from the magnetron drive power supply 59. The life and abnormal operation of the magnetron 58 are caused by a decrease in the amount of electrons emitted from the filament of the magnetron 58 when used within the specified temperature range, applied voltage, current, etc. of the magnetron 58. This is the time when the so-called phenomenon occurs. This is caused by the deterioration of the filament element 110 of the magnetron 58. When the impedance of the filament element 110 decreases with deterioration and the filament voltage Ef is kept constant, the If current value increases with the deterioration of the filament element 110 as shown in FIG. 29. Therefore, the If current detection circuit 115 detects the filament current value If flowing through the filament element 110 of the magnetron, and the If current comparison circuit 117 compares the deterioration characteristics of the filament element 110 with the approximate value recorded in the recording circuit 116. Then, the deterioration state of the magnetron 58 can be predicted, and a warning is displayed by the display instruction circuit 119 before the abnormal operation of the magnetron 58 occurs. Further, the operating life time of the magnetron 58 can be detected by calculating the magnetron operating conditions from the magnetron drive power supply 59 and the result of the If current comparison circuit 117 by the arithmetic circuit Bl18. Whether the filament element 110 is sufficient or insufficient for microwave generation is determined by the anodic current value or magnetron output value, which are the operating conditions of the magnetron 58. Therefore, depending on the operating conditions of the magnetron 58 and the deteriorated state of the filament element 110, Predicting the possible operating time for the operating conditions of the magnetron 58
【0139】
(Embodiment 30) A thirtieth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 30 is a configuration diagram of a thirtieth embodiment of the detection circuit for estimating the magnetron life constituting the microwave generator according to claim 30. In the figure, 107 is an Ef supply power supply, 110 is a magnetron filament element, 58 is a magnetron, 59 is a magnetron drive power supply, 120 is a recording circuit C, 121 is a comparison circuit, 122 is an arithmetic circuit C, and 123 is a display instruction circuit C. Reference numeral 124 denotes an operating condition indicating circuit.
【0140】
Next, the operation will be described. Power is supplied to the filament element 110 of the magnetron 58 from the Ef supply power supply 107, electrons are emitted from the filament element 110, and power is supplied to the magnetron 58 by the magnetron drive power supply 59, so that the magnetron 58 emits microwaves. The life and abnormal operation of the magnetron 58 are caused by a decrease in the amount of electrons emitted from the filament of the magnetron 58 when used within the temperature, applied voltage, current, etc. within the specified range of usage conditions of the magnetron 58. This is the time when the so-called phenomenon occurs. This is caused by the deterioration of the filament element 110 of the magnetron 58. Here, the electron emission from the filament element 110 is insufficient by gradually increasing the output of the magnetron drive power supply 59 according to the instruction from the operating condition indicating circuit 124 to generate a larger electric power than during the normal operation of the magnetron 58. However, the magnetron 58 causes a phenomenon called moderation. At this time, the anode voltage Eb, the filament voltage Ef, and the filament current If applied to the magnetron 58 change significantly as compared with the normal operation. This amount of change is detected by the Ef / If detection circuit 125, and the values from the recording circuit C120 in which the anode voltage Eb, filament voltage Ef, and filament current If are recorded during normal operation are compared with the comparison circuit 121. The degree of deterioration of the filament element 110 of the magnetron 58 is predicted by predicting the amount of electrons that can be emitted from the filament element 110 of the magnetron 58 by the arithmetic circuit C122 from this comparison result and the indicated value of the operating condition indicating circuit 124 in which the modeling phenomenon occurs. Is predicted, and the operating time of the magnetron 58 is displayed by the display instruction circuit C123.
【0141】
(Embodiment 31) In the thirty-first embodiment of the present invention, in a laser apparatus including each of the above-described embodiments in which a laser gas is excited by using microwaves, a microwave generator that generates microwaves is used. The microwave generator according to the 28th to 30th embodiments corresponding to the microwave generator according to claim 28, 29, or 30 is used.
【0142】
In each of the above embodiments, one or more microwaves may be supplied to the discharge space.
【0143】
[Effect of the invention]
According to the laser device according to claim 1, the heat generated by the discharge due to the slab-shaped discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface, so that a smaller and more stable laser device can be obtained and the slab-shaped discharge space can be obtained. By stacking a plurality of discharge spaces of the above, the discharge space per unit volume can be easily expanded.
【0144】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 2, the heat generated by the discharge due to the slab-shaped discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface, and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated to form a discharge space per unit volume. Is easily expanded, the discharge space is divided in the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwave, and the gap of each discharge space is changed to arbitrarily distribute the microwave electric field strength applied to each discharge space. It is possible to control the intensity distribution of the laser beam extracted from the discharge space.
【0145】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 3, the heat generated by the discharge due to the slab-shaped discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface, and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated to form a discharge region per unit volume. Is easily expanded, the discharge space is divided in a direction parallel to the electric field direction of the microwave, and the electric field distribution of the microwave, which is the excitation source of the discharge space, is arbitrarily changed to be formed in the discharge space. The discharge area of the discharge region can be arbitrarily changed by changing the excitation distribution of the laser gas in the discharge region and changing the shape of the discharge space.
【0146】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 4, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, the discharge region per unit area is formed by forming a plurality of discharge regions in the same discharge space. Can be easily expanded.
【0147】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 5, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4, by forming a plurality of discharge regions in the same discharge space, per unit area. The discharge area of the can be easily expanded.
【0148】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 6, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5, the stability of the discharge formed in the discharge space is enhanced. Therefore, a stable laser output can be supplied.
【0149】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 7, the same effect as that of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 6, and the stability of the discharge formed in the discharge space are obtained. It is possible to increase the degree and supply a stable laser output.
【0150】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 8, the flat plate forming the stripline composed of the conductors forming the microwave transmission line acts as a cooling plate for the heat generated by the discharge, and the discharge surface of the stripline is an optical mirror surface. Since it works as an optical waveguide surface, the components can be effectively used spatially, so that a compact and stable laser oscillator can be provided.
【0151】
According to the laser device according to claim 9, the discharge space is surrounded by a grid-like cooling surface, so that the laser device can be stably realized by effectively removing the heat generated by the discharge. The intensity distribution of the laser beam can be arbitrarily changed by changing the cross-sectional area of the plurality of discharge spaces and controlling the excited state of the discharge region.
【0152】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 10, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 9, the member forming the discharge space cools. By using a dielectric material or a semiconductor material having a plate-like or lattice-like cooling function for this purpose, a stable discharge can be formed by the electric lines of force generated by the microwave penetrating the plurality of discharge spaces.
【0153】
According to the laser device according to claim 11, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 9, the discharge space is formed by the honeycomb-shaped cooling surface, so that the mechanical strength can be increased and stable discharge can be realized.
【0154】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 12, in addition to the same effect as that according to claim 11, a metal wall having a concentric cross section forming a discharge space acts as a second microwave transmission line, thereby forming a discharge region. Can be expanded.
【0155】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 13, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 11 or 12, more stable discharge can be formed by the electric lines of force generated by microwaves penetrating the plurality of discharge spaces. it can.
【0156】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 14, the same effect as that of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 9, claim 11, claim 12 or claim 13. In addition, since the gain of laser oscillation changes depending on the temperature of the discharge region of the laser gas, the cooling surface temperature is controlled by a heat transfer medium to cool or keep the discharge temperature of the discharge region constant, realizing more stable laser oscillation. can do. Further, by forming a plurality of heat transfer media on each cooling surface, a temperature distribution is formed in one plate-shaped cooling surface, and the discharge shape and gain distribution formed in the discharge space are controlled. , The mode distribution of the laser beam extracted from the laser oscillator can be changed.
【0157】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 15, the same effect as that of claim 14 is obtained.
【0158】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 16, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 8, claim 9, claim 11 or claim 12, the microwave transmission line and the like. By making the laser optical axes orthogonal to each other, microwave power can be effectively supplied to the discharge space and the arrangement of the optical resonator can be facilitated.
【0159】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 17, in addition to the same effects as those of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, in order to efficiently diffuse and cool the heat generated by the discharge in the discharge space from the cooling surface, It is determined by the frequency of the excited microwave and the gear cap of the discharge space, and the discharge gear cap width is a factor that determines the amount of coupling loss of the extracted laser beam. Therefore, it is effective to set the cooling surface separation within the above range. Laser light can be taken out.
【0160】
According to the laser device according to claim 18, the microwave power can be effectively used by the configuration in which the discharge space and the microwave transmission line are combined.
【0161】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 19, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 18, more stable laser light can be provided by efficiently removing heat generated by electric discharge.
【0162】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 20, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 18, more stable laser light can be provided by efficiently removing heat generated by electric discharge by, for example, a heat pipe.
【0163】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 21, for example, as a microwave open window suitable for a microwave transmission mode of a cylindrical waveguide, microwaves are injected into the discharge space through a slit provided in the tube wall of the cylindrical waveguide. By doing so, a uniform discharge region can be formed in the discharge space.
【0164】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 22, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 21, for example, by using the transmission mode E0n mode of the cylindrical waveguide, a uniform discharge region can be formed in the discharge space.
【0165】
According to the laser apparatus of claim 23, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 21, for example, by using the transmission mode H0n mode of the cylindrical waveguide, a uniform discharge region can be formed in the discharge space.
【0166】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 24, it is possible to easily change an arbitrary discharge area and discharge length by changing the transmission length and the transmission mode of the waveguide.
【0167】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 25, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 24, the heat generated by the discharge in the discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated. By easily expanding the discharge region per unit volume and dividing the discharge space in a direction parallel to the electric field direction of the microwave, the electric field distribution of the microwave, which is the excitation source of the discharge space, can be arbitrarily distributed. By changing the excitation distribution of the laser gas in the discharge region formed in the discharge space and changing the shape of the discharge space, the discharge area of the discharge region can be arbitrarily changed.
【0168】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 26, in addition to the same effect as that of claim 24, the heat generated by the discharge in the discharge space is effectively removed from the cooling surface and the slab-shaped discharge space is laminated. As a result, the discharge region per unit volume is easily expanded, and the discharge space is divided in the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the microwave, so that the gap of each discharge space is changed and applied to each discharge space. It is possible to arbitrarily distribute the intensity of the microwave electric field to be generated, and it is possible to control the intensity distribution of the laser beam extracted from the discharge space.
【0169】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 27, claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 8, claim 9, claim 11, claim 12, claim 17, claim 18, claim 21 Alternatively, in addition to the same effect as in claim 24, since the 2.45 GHz band microwave is in the frequency band used for general microwave ovens, etc., it is used for microwave ovens as microwave power for exciting laser gas by discharge. Since the magnetron can be used, the power supply source can be easily obtained at a low price.
【0170】
According to the microwave generator according to claim 28, since the magnetron changes the impedance of the filament element in the magnetron in the process of reaching the life, deterioration or abnormal operation, the change in the voltage applied to the magnetron is monitored. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the operating time of the magnetron from the abnormal operation detection and the operating conditions of the magnetron to the occurrence of abnormal operation of the magnetron or the operating life. As a result, it is possible to provide an industrial laser device or microwave generator such as a more stable manufacturing facility.
【0171】
According to the microwave generator according to claim 29, since the impedance of the filament element in the magnetron changes in the process of reaching the life, deterioration or abnormal operation of the magnetron, the change in the current flowing through the filament is monitored. It is possible to estimate the operable time of the magnetron from the abnormal operation detection and the operating conditions of the magnetron to the occurrence of abnormal operation of the magnetron or the operating life, and the same effect as that of claim 28 can be obtained.
【0172】
In the microwave generator according to claim 30, in order for the magnetron to operate normally, the amount of electrons emitted from the filament element corresponding to the anodic current flowing through the magnetron is required, and the anodic current is intentionally increased from the filament. By estimating the amount of electrons emitted from the magnetron, the operating time of the magnetron can be estimated.
【0173】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 31, since the operating life of the magnetron can be predicted from the output of the magnetron, the oscillation mode and conditions, the filament voltage or the current, the laser gas is discharged and excited by microwaves using the magnetron. By monitoring the operating state of the magnetron in the gas laser device, the operating life of the laser device, the possibility of abnormal operation, and the abnormal operation can be predicted, and the laser device can be operated stably and effectively.
【0174】
According to the laser apparatus according to claim 32, claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 6, claim 7, claim 8, claim 9, claim 10. , Claim 11, claim 12, claim 13, claim 14, claim 15, claim 16, claim 17, claim 18, claim 19, claim 20, claim 21, claim 22, claim In addition to the same effects as in 23, 24, 25, 26 or 27, there are similar effects as in 28, 29 or 30.
[Simple explanation of drawings]
[Figure 1]
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view of the laser apparatus according to claim 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[Figure 2]
It is the AA line sectional view.
[Fig. 3]
FIG. 5 is an external view of the laser apparatus according to claim 1 according to the first embodiment.
[Fig. 4]
It is the AA line sectional drawing of FIG. 1 which illustrated the relationship of the microwave electric field in 2nd Embodiment.
[Fig. 5]
It is the AA line sectional drawing of FIG. 1 which illustrated the relationship of the microwave electric field in 3rd Embodiment.
[Fig. 6]
It is a longitudinal front view corresponding to the chamber 3 of FIG. 1 of the fourth embodiment.
[Fig. 7]
FIG. 5 is an external view of the laser apparatus according to claim 5, according to a fifth embodiment.
[Fig. 8]
It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the BB line.
[Fig. 9]
6 is an external view (a) and a schematic view (b) of the laser apparatus according to claim 6 according to the sixth embodiment.
[Fig. 10]
7 is an external view (a) and a schematic view (b) of the laser apparatus according to claim 7, according to a seventh embodiment.
[Fig. 11]
8 is an external view of the strip line according to the eighth embodiment, (a) is a perspective view of a symmetrical strip line, (b) is a sectional view thereof, and (c) is a perspective view of an asymmetric strip line. Figure, (d) is the cross-sectional view.
[Fig. 12]
9 is an external view of the laser apparatus according to claim 9, according to a ninth embodiment.
[Fig. 13]
It is an external view of the cooling body of the laser apparatus.
[Fig. 14]
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a partial pressure change of a microwave electric field of the laser apparatus according to claim 10, according to a tenth embodiment.
[Fig. 15]
It is a longitudinal front view of the laser apparatus according to claim 11 according to the eleventh embodiment.
[Fig. 16]
It is an external view of the cooling body of the laser apparatus.
[Fig. 17]
12 is an external view of the laser apparatus according to claim 12, according to a twelfth embodiment.
[Fig. 18]
It is a longitudinal front view of the laser apparatus.
[Fig. 19]
It is sectional drawing of the cooling rack part of the discharge space in 14th Embodiment.
[Fig. 20]
It is sectional drawing of the cooling rack part of the discharge space in 15th Embodiment.
[Fig. 21]
18 is a vertical sectional front view of the laser apparatus according to the eighteenth embodiment.
[Fig. 22]
21 is a vertical sectional front view of the laser apparatus according to the twenty-first embodiment.
[Fig. 23]
It is CC sectional view of the laser apparatus.
[Fig. 24]
FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the laser apparatus according to claim 24 according to the 24th embodiment.
[Fig. 25]
FIG. 8 is a basic configuration diagram of the microwave generator according to claim 28 according to the 28th embodiment.
[Fig. 26]
It is a block diagram which includes the detection circuit for detecting the abnormal operation and the life of the magnetron.
[Fig. 27]
FIG. 6 is a basic configuration diagram of the microwave generator according to claim 29 according to the 29th embodiment.
[Fig. 28]
It is a block diagram which includes the detection circuit of the microwave generator.
[Fig. 29]
It is a correlation diagram of the degree of deterioration of a filament element, a filament current, and an impedance value in the 29th embodiment.
[Fig. 30]
It is a block diagram of the structure of the magnetron life detection circuit in the laser apparatus according to claim 30 according to the thirtieth embodiment.
[Fig. 31]
It is schematic sectional drawing of the gas laser apparatus of the conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Microwave circuit 2 rectangular waveguide 3 chamber 4 Cooling plate 5 Cooling block 6 Cooling plate rack 7 Dielectric window 8 magnetron 9 Total reflection mirror 10 partial reflector 11 Matcher 12 Microwave reflector 13 Discharge space 14 waterways 15 microwave circuit 16 rectangular waveguide 17 Combined window 18 rectangular waveguide 19 Cooling block 20 microwave circuit 21 chamber 22 Dielectric window 23 chamber 24 Cooling plate 25 Tapered waveguide 26 Discharge space 27 Dielectric window 28 Microwave reflector 29 Discharge block 30 Combined windows 31 Cooling plate 32 Purchasing hole 33 Discharge space 34 Discharge area 35 protrusions 36 chamber metal wall 37 Substrate conductor 38 strip conductor 39 Dielectric layer 40 Discharge space 41 Cooling plate made of dielectric or semiconductor 42 Discharge plasma 43 Discharge block 44 microwave circuit 45 Cylinder resonator 46 Matcher 47 microwave antenna 48 Dielectric spacer 49 Cooling block 50 cooling channel 51 Discharge space A 52 Discharge space B 53 Cooling tube B 54 Cooling tube A 55 heat pipe 56 Peltier element 57 waterway 58 magnetron 59 Magnetron drive power supply 60 Microwave generator 61 Microwave transmission line 62 Microwave transmission conductor wire 63 Discharge space 64 Partial transmission 65 Total reflection mirror 66 Cooling pipe 67 Discharge chamber 68 spacer 69 Termination Box 70 connector 71 Microwave circuit, 72 Cylindrical waveguide 73 Cylindrical empty body tube 74 Combined window 75 open windows 76 Microwave transmission window 77 Metal Cylindrical Tube B 78 Cooling pipe 79 Metal Cylindrical Tube A 80 Circular discharge space 81 Total reflection mirror 82 Partial transmission 83 Flange A 84 Flange B 85 Cylindrical cavity resonator 86 discharge chamber 87 Waveguide 88 Cooling plate 89 Discharge space 90 Combined windows 91 High frequency generator 92 Power matching circuit 93 high frequency cable 94 Insulated feedthrough 95 electrodes 96 electrodes 97 Electrode surface 98 Electrode surface 99 Discharge gap 100 spacer 101 spacer 102 U-shaped base 103 lid 104 Ceramic insulation 105 Filament power supply power supply 106 Detection circuit A l07 Ef power supply 108 Voltage modulator 109 isolation transformer 110 Magnetron filament element 111 Ef voltage comparison circuit 112 Arithmetic circuit A l13 Display instruction circuit A 114 Detection circuit B l15 If current detection circuit 116 Recording circuit 117 If current comparison circuit 118 Arithmetic circuit B l19 Display instruction circuit B 120 Recording circuit C 121 Comparison circuit 122 Arithmetic circuit C 123 Display instruction circuit C 124 Operating condition indicator circuit 125 Ef If detection circuit
32 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23 Sheet 24 Sheet 25 Sheet 26 Sheet 27 Sheet 28 Sheet 29 Sheet 30 Sheet 31 Sheet 32
Every citation, both ways
| Document | Relation | Office | Cited during |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN114616928A | Cited by | China | Search report |
| US7799841B2 | Cited by | United States of America | Applicant |
| US7914899B2 | Cited by | United States of America | Applicant |
| US8142902B2 | Cited by | United States of America | Applicant |
| US7915367B2 | Cited by | United States of America | Applicant |
1 member in 1 office
Members1
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001168431AThis record | Japan | A |
3 legal events, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Over the term
Point at a mark for the eventEvents
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Written withdrawal of applicationJAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A761A761 | A761 | |
| Notification of reasons for refusalJAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131A131 | A131 | |
| Report on retrievalJAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007A977 | A977 |
Numbers
- Publication
- 2001-168431
- Application
- 11352986
Titles2
- Japanese
- レーザ装置及びマイクロ波発生装置
- English
- [Title of Invention] Laser device and microwave generator
Classification
- IPC, 1
- H01S3 0973