Substrate based on a nonwoven sheet made of chemical textile and its manufacture
20 claims: 9 independent, 11 dependent
- 1RIVENDICAZIONI 1. Supporto a base di falda nontessuta per articolo piatto, di buona stabilità dimensionale in tutte le condizioni di realizzazione, di trattamenti ulteriori e di impiego comportante almeno una falda nontessuta a base di materiale tessile chimico sotto forma di fibre o di filamenti continui caratterizzato da ciò che detta falda è una falda di peso compreso tra 20 e 500 g/m 2 e comporta, legati ad essa, dei fili di alto modulo di rinforzo presentanti un modulo di Young superiore a 20 Gpa e di preferenza superiore a 50 Gpa, disposti paralleli tra loro nel senso della sua lunghezza;la quantità di fili di rinforzo essendo tale che, quando il supporto è sottoposto a degli sforzi di trazione nel senso longitudinale a 180°C, la rottura dei fili di rinforzo interviene sotto una sollecitazione di almeno 80 daN e di preferenza di almeno 100 daN per metro di larghezza, e da ciò che il modulo di Young del supporto a temperatura ambiente non è sensibilmente modificato rispetto allo stesso modulo misurato nelle stesse condizioni della falda nontessuta di base senza fili di rinforzo.
- 2Supporto secondo la rivendicazione 1 caratterizzato da ciò che presenta un modulo di Young a 180°C almeno uguale a due volte lo stesso modulo misurato nelle stesse condizioni della falda nontessuta di base senza 00/ ¢-6^^^67270 0.//02/ fili di rinforzo.
- 3Supporto secondo la rivendicazione 2, caratterizzato da ciò che presenta un modulo di Young a 180°C tra 2,5 e 3 volte lo stesso modulo misurato nelle stesse condizioni della falda nontessuta di base senza fili di rinforzo.
- 4Supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 3 caratterizzato da ciò che la falda nontessuta fe una falda ottenuta per fusione di peso compreso tra 20 e 250 g/m s .
- 5Supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 4 secondo il quale la falda nontessuta è una falda di filamenti continui a base di poliestere ottenuta per fusione, di peso compreso tra 50 e 250 g/m 1 caratterizzato da ciò che ΐ fili di rinforzo sono dei fili di vetro di titolo compreso tra 2,8 e 272 tex e distanziati in modo regolare da 2 a 30 mm.
- 6Supporto secondo la rivendicazione 5 caratterizzato da ciò che i fili di vetro hanno un titolo compreso tra 22 e 68 tex e sono distanziati da 10 a 30 mm.
- 7Supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 6 caratterizzato da ciò che la connessione dei fili di rinforzo con la falda fe realizzata per legame chimico.
- 8Supporto secondo una delle r1vendicazioni 1 a 6 caratterizzato da ciò che la connessione dei fili di e/o agugliatura.
- 9Utilizzazione del supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 0 come armatura di membrana di tenuta bitumata.
- 10Utilizzazione del supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 8 come supporto primario o secondario di tappeto a fiocchetti.
- 11Utilizzazione del supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 8 come armatura di piastrella di rivestimento di suolo.
- 12Utilizzazione del supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 8 come supporto di rivestimento.
- 13Utilizzazione del supporto secondo una delle rivendicazioni 1 a 8 come supporto di fiocchi,
- 14Procedimento di fabbricazione del supporto secondo una delle rivendicazionì 1 a 8 caratterizzato da ciò che durante la fabbricazione di una falda nontessuta in materiale tessile chimico di peso compreso tra 20 e 500 g/m* o dopo la sua fabbricazione, si portano in quantità desiderata tramite un mezzo adeguato dei fili di alto modulo di rinforzo che venqono disposti in continuo paralleli tra loro ad una distanza predeterminata contro almeno una delle facce della falda nontessuta o tra due strati e da ciò che si realizza - 39 la connessione tra detti fili e detta falda.
- 15Procedimento secondo la rivendicazione 14 caratterizzato da ciò che la connessione tra ι fili di rinforzo e la falda nontessuta è realizzata mediante legame chimico.
- 16Procedimento secondo la rivendicazione 14 caratterizzato da ciò che la connessione tra i fili di rinforzo e la falda nontessuta è realizzata mediante agugliatura e/o termoleqatura.
- 17Procedimento secondo una delle rivendicazioni 14 a 16 secondo il quale la fabbricazione della falda nontessuta comprende almeno una fase di estrusione per fusione di filamenti continui e una fase di formazione della falda caratterizzato da ciò che i fili di rinforzo sono associati alla falda all'inizio dell'operazione di formazione della falda.
- 18Procedimento secondo una delle rivendicazioni 14 a 17 secondo il quale la fabbricazione della falda non tessuta comprende almeno una fase di estrusione per fusione di filamenti continui e una fase di formazione della falda, caratterizzato da ciò che i fili di rinforzo sono associati alla falda nel corso dell'operazione di formazione della falda e disposti tra due strati della falda ìn formazione.
- 19Procedimento secondo una delle rivendicazioni 17 ο 18 secondo il quale la fabbricazione della falda comporta inoltre una fase di consolidamento di questa ultima mediante legame chimico caratterizzato da ciò che la connessione dei fili di rinforzo con la falda ha luogo nel corso di detto legame chimico della falda.
- 20Procedimento secondo una delle rivendicazioni 17 o 18 secondo il quale la fabbricazione della falda comporta inoltre una fase di consolidamento di questa ultima mediante aguqliatura e/o termolegatura caratterizzato da ciò che la connessione dei fili di rinforzo con la falda ha luogo nel corso della fase di aqugliatura e/o termolegatura. 9911/MAT. 1/6 CacieJ DaN Canitu DaN
Independent claims20
297 paragraphs in 17 sections, as filed
TITLE SUPPORT BASED ON NONWOVEN CHEMICAL TEXTILE AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS
INVENTOR BARAVIAN JEAN
BECK JEAN-JACQUES GOLLY JEAN-CLAUDE
PRTfiRTTA 'ΡΡΔΝΓΤΛ
SHORT QUESTION INDUSTRIAL INVENTION DECEMBER 13, 1988 No. 88 16711
Rome, May 24, 1993
THE MANAGER (GIOVANNA MORELLI)
TO THE MINISTRY OF THE TRADE AND CRAFTS INDUSTRY
CENTRAL PATENT OFFICE - ROME
PATENT APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL INVENTION
A. APPLICANT (I): applicant code 1 ^ 1 residu to the city code, (prov.l / nation I__LYON_ (FFt AN CIA) ------------ ---------- -----— ----- - --- J
2) surname, first name / company. type I ..., ............................................ ...............-.......-.................
China. (prov.) / iMZÌone I. "......................................... .........-........ .............- J
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B. REPRESENTATIVE: representative code 11] no. BiZBJ register surname name IGARAVAGLIARINAR.OTHER ___________ _ - ____________________________________________I cod- fisca le Lj ..tj _j - 0 805 = 18 6D 882l denomination study of belonging I IN G. BARZ AN 0 * & ^ A NAR DO M I_L A NO - SpA · --- 1 via BORGONUOVO ______ | "| ,, 1 p |<sub>cjnè L</sub>.................................. MILAN ............... ............ j <sub>rap</sub> 20,121 <sub>(Pr0 ¥</sub>, Mi!
C. ELECTIVE DOMICILE: callsign I_ SEE ABOVE ......................................... . ......................... .......... ........-...... .................................................. 1 way '__. ... . ................ I II. I. I. 1 I. Cities ............................................. ..... --------------------- J chap 1 (prov) LlJ
D. TITLE proposed class (sez./cl/scl): ID — 0.4_.H ------------------ J | SUPPORT BASED ON NONWOVEN PITCH ..... INTESSILE WHO I CO AND HIS J
I MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE ___________________________.....................__....................... ........THE
E. DESIGNATED INVENTORS:
surname, name surname, name η | _BARAVIAN Jean ......... _ h, GOLLY Jean-Claude ___________________ J <sub>2</sub>) | __BECK Jean-Jacques ................... .... | <sub>4|</sub> (_____ _ _________________________|
F. PRIORITY: priority code ILI country type number date
I FRANCE_ | | patent application _______________ .. i [. 88 ....... 16711_____I Ili3 / 112/1 liasfil
2) | ___________ i | _________________________________________________________________________ J l ........................................... .. .............................. JII ι / ί ii / .l ......! 1 j]
G. CULTURE COLLECTION CENTER ENABLED, FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES denomination: L ............................... ..... .........................._ J
H. SPECIAL NOTES:
REFERRED TO
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. ATTACHED DOCUMENTATION
<td>the</td><td> 1 .5)¾</td><td>RIS / SI</td><td>η.</td><td>description with summary and claims</td>
<td> 2|</td><td>1 fr<sup>1 2 * * *</sup>!</td><td>RIS / SI</td><td>n. I ° i<sup>6</sup>L</td><td>draw tables</td>
<td>the</td><td>1 P i ^ l</td><td>RIS / YES / NO</td><td></td><td>engagement letter, power of attorney or general power of attorney reference</td>
<td> 4|</td><td>1 1 YES</td><td>RIS / YES / ND</td><td></td><td>inventor designation</td>
<td> 51</td><td>yes</td><td>RIS / YES / NO</td><td>n. LQlI</td><td>property documents with Italian translation</td>
<td> »1</td><td>1, W, Q</td><td>RIS / YES / NO</td><td></td><td>authorization or deed of transfer</td>
<td> /1</td><td>ι JQ</td><td>RIS / YES / ND</td><td></td><td>full name of the applicant</td>
8) certificate of payment of lire
FOUR HUNDRED SEVEN TWO ΜI LA
9) revenue stamps n. of lire I_INQUEMI LA
J date
An authentic copy of Sl / NQ Eli is required of this
COMPLETED THE CONTINUED Sl / NO ilo) ftHiEOENTE (i) Jl MANDATARI (Firmaper ....... if yes.
PROVINCIAL OFFICE INO. COM M. ART. 01 I__MILANO______________________________________________ _ _ _____________________________1 code: HIM
MINUTES 01 DEPOSIT: NUMBER 01 QUESTION I_22542_____________________________J Reg.A
The year one thousand nine hundred L EIGHTY-NINE _1, the day I TWENTY-NINE ...................................... |. of the month of 1 NOVEMBER
PROVINCIAL OFFICE INO. COM M. ART. 01 I__MILANO______________________________________________ _ _ _____________________________1 code: HIM
MINUTES 01 DEPOSIT: NUMBER 01 QUESTION I_22542_____________________________J Reg.A
The year one thousand nine hundred L EIGHTY-NINE _1, the day I TWENTY-NINE ...................................... the. of the month of 1 NOVEMBER
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/206
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DESCRIPTION of the industrial invention entitled:
Support based on non-woven flap in chemical textile and its manufacturing process.
on behalf: RHONE POULENC FIBRES of nationality: French with headquarters in: LYON (FRANCE) designated inventors: 1) BARAUIAN Jean
2) BECK Jean-Ja (ques
3) GOLLY Jean-Claude filed on: 2 9 KOV. W89<sup>Ν</sup>° 2254 2A / 89
SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a non-woven layer-based support for flat articles.
The support (11), of good dimensional stability in all conditions of realization, of further treatments and of use involving at least one non-woven layer (8) based on chemical textile material in the form of fibers or continuous filaments is characterized by this that said flap has high reinforcement module wires (3) arranged parallel to each other in the direction of its length.
As reinforcement threads, glass threads are preferably used. The reinforcement threads are associated
<img file="IT1237149B_D0005.tif" />
to a non-woven layer for chemical bonding or heat bonding and / or needle punching.
Use of the support as sealing membrane reinforcement, primary or secondary support of flaky carpet, reinforcement of soil covering tile, covering support, support of flakes, etc ...
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a support based on a non-woven layer in chemical textile, dimensionally stable and its manufacturing process.
It is known to use non-woven layers in chemical textiles, in particular synthetic textiles such as polyester, as a support in numerous applications: sealing membrane, soil coverings such as carpet (flaky, needle-punched, ...), tiles (plastic, textiles ), wall coverings, coating supports, support of flakes, etc ...
In general, these articles have in common, on the one hand, to require a great deal of dimensional stability both during installation and aging, and on the other hand to be subjected simultaneously to important mechanical and thermal stresses during manufacture, generally higher than those suffered in the course of use; these stresses can
<img file="IT1237149B_D0006.tif" />
are leading to risks of deformation: elongation in the longitudinal direction, shrinkage in the transverse direction and inverse deformations during the aging of the laid article, following the phenomenon of elastic return, this more precisely for low weight supports such as those of weight equal to or less than 150 g / m<sup>1</sup>.
Thus the sealing membranes, used in the construction industry, often consist of a bituminous support or reinforcement. These supports were initially made of jute fabrics, cellulosic fibers, then veils of glass fibers. A few years ago, a new generation of sealing products appeared which made clear progress on the subject, on the one hand, thanks to the spectacular improvement of bitumen modified with elastomers and / or plastomers, on the other hand thanks to the joint use of non-woven flap-based reinforcements in polyester textile, mainly the polyethylene side of ethylene glycol which meets the needs of greater deformability, allowing better to support the dimensional variations of the supports (roofs, terraces, thermal insulators) and which have led to a considerable increase in the puncture resistance of the bitumen / reinforcement complexes thus created.
However, if nonwovens (by merger, by
<img file="IT1237149B_D0007.tif" />
dry (wet)) are, most often, chemically linked together, which generally leads to interesting industrial results, this binding operation uses particular compositions of chemical products, it is carried out with a resumption of the process and it turns out to be expensive.
On the other hand, perfectly satisfactory results are not obtained from the point of view of the further behavior of the layers, in particular as regards dimensional stability both during the bitumen coating and following the level of the coatings (membranes) made and laid on roofs. It is noted as previously described that this can lead to deformations: shrinkage in the transverse direction and lengthening in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcements at the time of bitumination and after aging on the roof, of the inverse deformations and risks of undulations, this more precisely for the reinforcements of weight less than or equal to 150 g / m *.
Now, the current trend is towards lightening the components of the bituminous coating and this for economic and technical reasons: cost reduction, easier storage and handling. This is the reason why many manufacturers use, for the lighter sealing membranes, a reinforcement consisting of a
<img file="IT1237149B_D0008.tif" />
plexus comprising at least one non-woven polyester layer, associated with a glass veil or with a woven or glued glass grid. The association between non-woven fabric and glass film is usually carried out during the bitumen operation by simultaneous impregnation of the two reinforcements. It is also possible to combine the glass veil and the nonwoven by needling or gluing.
Of the documents that describe these products are, for example, the French patent FR 2 562 471 in which a polyester nonwoven fe associated with two external layers based on glass fiber; the U.S. patent
US 4,539 254 which describes a membrane comprising at least three layers bonded together by combining nonwoven (s), glass and polyester grid; the British patent
GB 1 517 595 in which a polyester nonwoven fe associated with a lattice of glass threads (grid / crossed lines). In these embodiments, the quantity of glass, although limited so as not to increase the mass too much, is always relatively important what economically entails an increase in cost.
On a technical level, these different realizations allow to improve the dimensional stability of the sealing membrane once laid. To some extent, they also allow to reduce deformations.
<img file="IT1237149B_D0009.tif" />
ni of the polyester layer at the time of bitumination, this limiting the lengthening in the longitudinal direction during the passage in the machine and the withdrawal in width as well as the further deformations linked to the tendency to the elastic return of the coatings during the aging after the laying on the roof.
However, these solutions are not entirely satisfactory, particularly in the case of two distinct reinforcements. In fact, the impregnation of bitumen is carried out by passing the stratum, or rather the polyester nonwoven complex + glass film, in an impregnation tank. The quality of the impregnation depends on different factors, in particular the viscosity of the bitumen defined as a function of the temperature and the residence time, and on the mechanical systems of sinuous entrainment and spraying in the baths. Since the temperature is limited due to the risks of degradation of the polyester, a sufficiently important residence time is necessary for the impregnation to be complete, which implies a sufficiently long path in the tank and the passage of the assembly onto guides or means of deviation that cause friction by increasing the stresses of tension that can reach 80 daN / m in the width of the pitch.
Now, under the joint action of the temperature of / 20;
<img file="IT1237149B_D0010.tif" />
4f.f1./a7 baths for impregnating or covering the surface, often of the order of 160 to 200 ° C, and for the traction forces of the machine, the glass flap and the polyester flap can have differentiated behaviors during the course of the impregnation operation and during the relaxation of the laid coating, what can produce surface irregularities: undulations, cracks, etc ...
On the other hand, the mechanical behavior of the double reinforcement coating during the traction phenomenon is often very heterogeneous. Indeed, the glass veil, taking into account its slight elongation at break (less than 5 Si), breaks for the first second of the preferential break lines. In correspondence with these breaking lines, the stresses on the polyester reinforcement of greater elongation are localized, but this localization causes a decrease in the overall load, elongation and fatigue resistance characteristics. This can lead to cracking risks on the coating.
Other advances have been made by the Applicant in the French patent FR 2 546 537 which concerns a sealing of the sealing membrane and a membrane made with this reinforcement having good dimensional characteristics over time and, moreover, made of
<img file="IT1237149B_D0011.tif" />
The seal is characterized by what its reinforcement is a nonwoven of continuous thermo-bonded filaments, preferably needled, containing:
- from 70 to 90% of ethylene glycol polyterephthalate, and
- 30 to 10? ó of butyl polytherephthalate glycol.
The manufacturing process of this reinforcement is characterized by the fact that, by extrusion, a layer of continuous filaments consisting of the two polymers, possibly needled once the layer is obtained, is subsequently thermo-bonded continuously at a temperature between 220 and 240 ° C causing the melting of the most fusible constituent.
For the realization of the sealing membrane, the reinforcement is bituminous at a temperature lower than the temperature bonding temperature of the stratum filaments. After the bitumen, the assembly is eventually subjected to the usual treatments such as surface application of sand or slate flakes. In the present case, the use of a veil or a glass grid together with the polyester nonwoven has been eliminated, which is technically and economically interesting.
However, it has been found, in particular for low weights of less than or equal to 150 g / m®, that some dimensional stability problems still arise during the manufacture of the membrane starting from the aquifer, more particularly during the bituminous process due to high mechanical and thermal stresses, and in the conditions of use on the terrace of the membrane made or, following the phenomenon of elastic return, Over time, deformations occur in the opposite direction to those produced during manufacture.
It is also known to introduce reinforcing threads longitudinally in mineral matter in a glass veil, said veil being subsequently associated with a preconsolidated synthetic fiber layer for obtaining a seal membrane support. Such an assembly whose purpose is to present first of all fire resistance properties and subsequently good dimensional stability forms the subject of European patent application EP 0 242 524. However, if this question deals with dimensional stability under the conditions of use (up to 80 ° C, and without stress), it makes no reference with regard to the stability of the product during the bituminous process, i.e. subjected to high temperatures and stresses. Urr. The bituminous behavior largely determines the further behavior in the conditions of use and the deformations during this treatment are equally harmful in the following.
Problems similar to those found in the seal also occur in use as soil coverings.
In this application, for example, non-woven layers in synthetic textile are used as primary support (primary support) and / or secondary support (secondary support) of bows carpet. The manufacture of the carpet involves known operations, such as: spreading the reverse, applying an underlayer, dyeing or printing, which subject the product being processed simultaneously to high temperatures and important stresses. Deformations may result: lengthening in the longitudinal direction, shrinkage in the transverse direction of the primary and secondary supports and consequently a tendency to reverse deformations once the carpet is laid, which is nefarious, in particular in the case of printing with connectable motifs.
Similar risks of manufacturing deformation and tendency to inverse aging deformation can also be found for plastic or textile tiles reinforced with a non-woven layer, while they are articles that require excellent
1
<img file="IT1237149B_D0012.tif" />
7Ζ06 yffi / xz / dimensional stability.
The present application aims to solve the above problems. It relates to a support based on a nonwoven layer for a flat article, of good dimensional stability in all conditions of realization, of further treatments and of use, comprising at least one nonwoven layer based on chemical textile material, in the form of fibers. or of continuous filaments, characterized by what said pitch entails threads of high reinforcement modulus arranged parallel to each other in the sense of its length.
The nonwoven layer can be obtained by dry, wet way or by extrusion of a molten mass in the form of filaments (spunbonded layer). The chemical textile material is generally synthetic. Preferably a layer of continuous filaments in synthetic polymers such as polyamide or polyester which exhibit good stability in the manufacturing and use conditions of the article is used.
Advantageously, polyester-based filaments are used. As polyester, ethylene glycol polyterephthalate can be used alone or associated with butylene glycol polyterephthalate: the two polymers being spun together in the form of a two-component: bi1 amo, side by side or coaxial, or separate yarn12
<img file="IT1237149B_D0013.tif" />
ferent. The strands of the pitch can be of any section: flat, round or profiled. Round section filaments are preferably used. The pitch is preferably consolidated by needling and advantageously by heat bonding.
Preferably the characteristics of the stratum considered in isolation and in particular its behavior under cold traction already conform to or relatively close to the characteristics required for the support in the context of its use.
The weight of the non-woven layer according to the use can vary within wide limits. In general, it is between 20 and 500 g / m<sup>1</sup>, preferably between 50 and 250 g / m<sup>1</sup>, the invention being particularly interesting for flaps weighing less than or equal to 150 g / m<sup>1</sup>, the most likely to undergo deformations during the article manufacturing operations.
By high modulus threads we mean threads having a modulus of elasticity greater than 20 GPa and preferably greater than 50 GPa (1 GPa s 10 Pa); these values being measured at room temperature but are not significantly modified when the wires are subjected to temperatures of the order of 200 ° C and more. As high modulus wires, i can be mentioned
<img file="IT1237149B_D0014.tif" />
/2/6(
threads based on the following materials: glass, aramides, aromatic polyamides, various high tenacity polyesters, carbon, metal, etc ... Glass threads are preferably used, which are widespread and relatively inexpensive. The high modulus threads constitute a reinforcement in the longitudinal direction of the nonwoven layer. They can be deposited on one face, the two faces, or sandwiched in the nonwoven layer. The association of non-woven reinforcement yarns can be carried out by binding with an appropriate chemical binder, heat bonding and / or needle punching; these means having to allow to obtain an excellent cohesion between the threads and the nonwoven layer.
The amount of reinforcing wire is a function of the characteristics of the pitch to which they are associated, in particular its behavior in cold traction and the temperatures reached during the article processing process as well as the stresses supported during this process. The minimum quantity is determined by the necessary resistance of the support (non-woven layer plus reinforcement threads) to the tensile stresses undergone at the high temperatures reached during the article elaboration process. This quantity must be sufficient to avoid wire breakage. It is such that when (7 ^ 006146 Cf / .4 (/ the reinforced layer is subjected to the stress / elongation test in the longitudinal direction, the breakage of the glass threads is recorded for a stress of at least 80 and preferably at least 100 daN for meter wide The maximum quantity is determined according to the load / elongation curve of the cold-woven non-woven layer. It is determined so that the trend of the load / elongation curve of the reinforced pitch is as close as possible to that of the unreinforced pitch. In particular, Young's modulus is not significantly modified and the trend of the curve does not present an important discontinuity when the reinforcement threads break.
The quantity of reinforcement threads is expressed by means of the parameters diameter (title) and density (separation distance). These two parameters are optimized in order to have the most homogeneous behavior possible of the support. Knowing that for a given type of stratum, the load / elongation curve essentially depends on its weight, in the preferred case of using glass threads and for non-woven layers of continuous filament polyester, whose weight is between 50 and 250 q / m<sup>2</sup> and according to whether they are chemically bonded, thermo-bonded and / or needle-punched, glass threads whose diameter of the elementary burrs will advantageously be used
<img file="IT1237149B_D0015.tif" />
is between 5 p and 13 p, the title of which is between
2,8 and 272 tex and which are regularly spaced from 2 mm to 50 mm. Preferably, glass threads will be used, the title of which is between 22 and 68 tex, spaced from 10 to 30 mm; the above titles are those of the standard threads on the market.
In practice, for the polyester layers of preferred weight between 50 and 250 g / m<sup>1</sup> and whatever the final destination of the support (seal, carpet, tiles, etc ...) the use of a few gram / m<sup>1 </sup>of glass threads is enough; from 2 to 3 g / m<sup>1</sup> of glass threads are sufficient for layers from 50 to 150 g / m<sup>1</sup> intended for the packaging of sealing membranes, the passage in the bitumen machine is carried out in this case without any problem. In fact, the breaking load of the glass threads over 1 m of width of the machine can be calculated as follows. For 2,244 g / m<sup>1</sup> of glass threads or 66 threads of 34 tex spaced 15 mm apart, the breaking load per meter of pitch width of the glass threads only will be:
x
33.5 = 75174 g = 75.174 kg strength of the number of thread in tex threads / m tenacity of the thread in g / tex that is significantly
73.67 daN
In the case of assembly of the threads on a continuous-filament polyester layer of 110 q / m<sup>1</sup> following
<img file="IT1237149B_D0016.tif" />
from a heat bonding, the breakage of the glass threads on the load / length curve of a specimen 5 cm wide (considered 3 wires) and 20 cm between the forceps of the dynamometer (according to the AFNOR G07001 standard) is recorded at 18 daN, what corresponds to 18 x 20 = 360 daN per 1 m of width. This significant apparent increase in the breaking load of the glass threads is explained by the excellent cohesion of the threads / nonwovens following the multiple bonding areas of the threads in the textile structure due to the oblique arrangement of the fused binding fibers and generating a perfectly homogeneous breaking behavior of the 'together.
As will be seen in more detail in the examples, the examination of the cold load / elongation curve of said nonwoven layer reinforced with glass threads in dosed quantities shows:
- a cold Young modulus identical in the longitudinal direction with respect to the same non-woven non-woven layer.
- at about half load, breakage of the glass wires without causing a too important curve break.
On the other hand, the examination of the caries curve / a1 prolongation at 180 ° C shows a marked improvement in the modulus of
Hot young. This modulus is multiplied by at least and preferably by 2.5 to 3.
yf.fi/xz/
It is clearly seen, on the basis of these tests, that stabilization can be completed with a bitumen operation, the machine tensions not exceeding 100 daN / m in width and that on the other hand the dimensional stability of the product under the conditions of use will be markedly improved, this due to a decrease in the memory effect. These results are obtained with very little glass and with a minimum cost of the order of 0.08
French franc / m®. This cost of material must be compared with a cost of 0.80 French franc / m® approximately for a glass film of 50 g / m<sup>1</sup> frequently used in double-layer polyester-glass fiber coverings or even with the construction of a complex non-woven glass grid of 1 x 1 x 34 tex (1 thread / cm in warp and weft), a structure judged to be the minimum on a practical level whose cost, in all cases it is higher than 1 French franc / m®.
The present application also relates to a manufacturing process for the aforementioned support, characterized in that during the manufacture of a non-woven layer of chemical textile material or after its manufacture, reinforcement threads are carried by means of a suitable means, which are continuously arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined distance against at least one of the faces of the non-woven layer or between two layers
<img file="IT1237149B_D0017.tif" />
'9109 <70006146 4t. f / & /
-] β and from what the connection is made between said wires and said flap.
For the realization of the melt flap, the extrusion of the polymer and the manufacture of the flap are preferably used, using the means described in the French patents TR 1 5Θ2 147 and FR 2 299 438 of the Applicant. The reinforcement threads can be set up continuously or discontinuously. In the two cases, the wires are fed from beams or coils arranged close to the pitch and distributed in such a way that they unwind parallel to each other at a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction. Preferably, the reinforcement threads are put in place continuously with the manufacture of the pitch, immediately after this or during it, during its structuring.
The connection of the wires with the pitch is made both by applying a chemical binder and preferably by needling and / or heat bonding.
In the case of chemical bonding, both wires coated with a chemical glue can be used, and for chemically bonded layers, the threads can be introduced into the aquifer during the chemical bonding operation of the latter.
In the case of thermobonding, both thermo-adhesive or coated / 20- 'wires can be used
<img file="IT1237149B_D0018.tif" />
of a thermoadhesive wire, both for the thermo-bonded layers introduce the wires in the pitch during its manufacture and tie the flap and the wires during the thermobonding of the pitch. For example, in the case of thermobonding, without preliminary needling and threads applied on the surface, the first solution is used: thermoadhesive threads.
In the case of needling, special needles are preferably used, the reinforcement threads being embedded in the surface or in the mass of the tangled textile filaments. For example, in the case of needling and assembling the threads on one face, special needles of round section with two opposite edges are used, equipped with beards positioned directly in the longitudinal direction, in order not to touch the reinforcement threads:
like rOSTERS NEEDLES 'Pinch Blades' needles.
In the case of the introduction of reinforcing threads in a pitch forming step according to a so-called traveling process, it is preferable to incorporate the threads between two flap forming devices. In this case, standard needles can be used (for example: Singer 40 RB needles) to create a first cohesion by needling the flap. In fact, it is found that the reinforcement threads are more easily made coherent with the assembly by this method<sub>}</sub>
<img file="IT1237149B_D0019.tif" />
while supporting a need for aggression taking into account the protection by the filaments of the aquifer located on one side and the other of these threads. This needling will advantageously be followed by an in-line thermobinding. During these subsequent operations, care must be taken to impart sufficient tension to the layer assembly of chemical filaments and reinforcement threads so that the latter are perfectly stretched during all the consolidation phases in order to obtain a maximum modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal direction of the reinforced layer constituting the support for the article according to the invention.
The usual procedures for this technique are used to make the aquifer dry. The incorporation of the reinforcement threads, their binding with the pitch and the possible consolidation of this are carried out in the same way as for the layers obtained by casting.
The usual procedures for this technique are used for the realization of the aquifer by wet way. The association of the reinforcement threads is carried out after manufacture of the pitch and their binding with this is carried out by chemical or thermal gluing on said pitch or between two lighter layers.
non woven flap support for y & ra't items
<img file="IT1237149B_D0020.tif" />
flat, according to the invention, it has numerous advantages in all cases of use: sealing membrane reinforcement, primary or secondary support of flaky carpet, reinforcement of floor covering tiles, etc ...
- 5u a general plan:
- elimination of the deformations of the aquifer under mechanical stress at high temperature during the treatments included in the manufacturing process of the article.
- elimination of inverse deformations in the course of aging on the laid article, kickback to previous deformations.
- material savings and low cost.
- In the case of sealing membranes, compared to the use of two reinforcements: veil of glass and nonwoven impregnated simultaneously and tied together during the impregnation:
- substantial savings on raw materials.
- elimination of a double reinforcement stock from the manufacturer of bituminous coatings.
- ease of impregnation which offers the possibility of substantially increasing the production speed of the coating,
- elimination of the problems of appearance of the
<img file="IT1237149B_D0021.tif" />
/ '/ 20-i clothing due to the use of two reinforcements of very different forms: folds, cracks, undulations, etc. . .
- mechanical behavior much more satisfactory at break: better continuity of the load / elongation curve of the coating which leads to better resistance to fatigue (cracking).
- greater flexibility of the coating which facilitates the laying of the coverings in cold weather.
- In the case of a sealing membrane, with respect to the nonwoven complexes-glass grid or to the nonwoven complexes-glass film (associated before impregnation):
- easier limitation of the total quantity of glass per in *.
- savings on raw materials.
- easy impregnation.
- more homogeneous mechanical behavior at break thanks to the limitation of the quantity of glass.
- greater flexibility of the coating.
- elimination of the risks of changes in appearance and / or dimensional presentation due to the different physical behavior of the layers during impregnation and further use.
In any case, the invention will be better understood a
<img file="IT1237149B_D0022.tif" />
7206
4f.fi/xz/ means of the examples and attached figures given for illustrative and not limitative purposes.
Figure 1 represents the cold loading / elongation comparative diagrams of a nonwoven layer without reinforcement thread and of a support: nonwoven layer plus associated reinforcement threads, according to the invention, in the longitudinal and transverse directions respectively.
- Figure 2 represents the comparative load / elongation diagrams of the same layers as in the figure
1, at a temperature of 180 ° C.
- Figure 3 schematically represents a first embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Figure 4 schematically represents a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Figure 5 is a schematic view of a device for measuring the characteristics of a sealing membrane packaged starting from the support according to the invention.
- Figure 6 schematically illustrates a manufacturing process of a sealing membrane starting from the support according to the invention.
According to the process schematized in figure 3,
<img file="IT1237149B_D0023.tif" />
/ True,
the support is made in a single phase, the reinforcing threads being associated and tied to the non-woven layer in the course of its packaging. The flap is packaged by fusion, according to the process described in French patent FR 1 582 147, by extrusion of a melted polymer in the form of filaments 1, pneumatic stretching of these filaments and depositing on a receiving table 2 with the use of a translation type pitch, not shown, as described in the French patent
FR 2 299 348. The reinforcement threads 3 are associated with the stratum being formed, starting from the entrance of the reception table. They are fed from coils 4, mounted on a suction creel 5, pass on a traction system 6 for tensioning and each one thereafter through a guide eyelet 7.
The eyelets 7, aligned and judiciously spaced, at the entrance of the reception table 2 have the purpose of ensuring the guide of the threads 3 parallel to each other and at the desired separation distance on the reception table 2. The nonwoven flap 8 therefore forms on the reception table 2 by integrating the reinforcement threads 3 on its lower face. At the exit of the reception table 2, the reinforcement flap and threads pass continuously in the needling machine 9 where
they are subjected to a needle-punching operation which ensures a part of the brim / reinforcement threads connection. The connection f and completed by heat binding by passing through the calender 10. The support according to the invention thus realized is wound on a receiving means 12.
The process schematized in figure 4 is similar to that schematized in figure 3, it differs only in the feeding of the reinforcement threads 3 on the receiving table 2. In this case the threads are arranged between two layers of the pitch and are fed on the table. of reception between two flap forming devices located respectively in A and 8 by means of individual guide tubes 13. As in Figure 3, an eyelet 7 is arranged at the outlet of each tube 13, the assembly of the eyelets ensuring the parallel positioning of the wires at the desired distance.
EXAMPLE 1 A nonwoven layer of filaments of
100 g / m<sup>to</sup> 2 m wide, starting from extruded threads in ethylene glycol poiiterephthalate and in butylene glycol polyterephthalate, in the respective proportion of 87% / 13%, filaments of 7 tex count.
Continuously, starting from the means schematized in Figure 4, it is incorporated into it at the time of its formation
<img file="IT1237149B_D0024.tif" />
Silionne burr type glass 9 micron, 34 tex,
Z) of the GLASS Company · inaction, every 1.5 cm, a thread of
EC 9 34 T 6 Z 28 (diameter of type 6 oiling, torsion 28 g / m
TEX.
These wires have a breaking strength of 33.5 g / tex and an elongation at break of approx
5.5%. They are fed from 2.7 kg coils mounted on a creel as shown in figure 4.
The complex layer of polyester + glass threads is needled with Singer 40 RB needles (size 40, Regular Barbes), 50 perforations / cm<sup>!</sup>, 12 mm of penetration.
At the exit of the punching machine, the flap is calendered at 235 ° C, with a pressure force of 25 daN / cm on a calender equipped with cylinders with non-stick coating. Conditions: speed of the calender 13 m / min., Passage to S, total contact time of the pitch with the two cylinders: 15 seconds, then passage on cooling and winding cylinders.
An armed stratum weighing 107 g / m is thus obtained<sup>2</sup>. The dynamometric characteristics of this armature, compared to those of a glass cordless armor, are indicated in the attached tables 1 and 2. Table 1 concerns the cold measured characteristics (20<sup>D</sup>C), table 2 the characteristics measured at 180 ° C.
<img file="IT1237149B_D0025.tif" />
The characteristics are measured on a specimen 5 cm wide (considered 3 wires) and 20 cm long;
cold according to the Nf G 07001 standard and hot according to the same dimensional and traction speed criteria, but the traction system and the specimen fixed to the terminals are also a thermal envelope regulated at a temperature of 180 ° C. The load / elongation curves are reproduced in figures 1 (cold) and 2 (at 180 ° C),
L: longitudinal direction, T: transverse direction, Cl;
with wires, C2: wireless.
Referring to table 1 and figure 1, it can be seen that the load and the elongation at break of this reinforcement in the longitudinal direction are little modified by the addition of glass. It is also noted that the elongations in the longitudinal direction under 3 daN and 5 daN remain unchanged and that the elongation under 10 daN is also practically unchanged. This reflects the non-modification of Young's modulus. The fracture of the glass threads at 18 daN is clearly localized in the longitudinal rupture, which constitutes an important increase in the breaking load, since taken out of the aquifer, the three wires considered have together a theoretical breaking load of 3.35 daN. This fracture does not cause disturbance at the level of the nonwoven whose rupture curve continues without significant modification.
<22,
W20i yf.fi/zz/
Referring to table 2 and figure 2, the dynamometric curve at 180 ° C shows an important improvement of the modulus at the origin of the reinforced aquifer. Elongations under 3 daN, 5 daN and even 10 daN are significantly reduced. Knowing that the stresses to which the support (the reinforcement) is subjected during the bituminous process are at most from 80 to 100 daN per linear meter or from 4 daN to 5 daN per 5 cm of width, the result is a very slight deformation of the bituminous support (or other hot treatment according to its final destination) therefore improved dimensional stability both during bituminous or other hot treatment and further, once the support is in place. The breakage of the glass threads is recorded at 5 daN, a value high enough to deduce that the reinforced layer will support the stresses suffered during bitumen coating (or other heat treatment) without risk of breaking the glass threads.
The reinforcement was also subjected to heat tests and under tension in the bitumen.
The bitumen test is carried out by means of the apparatus shown in figure 5. This consists mainly of a tank 20 intended to receive the bitumen 50, equipped with heating means and re29
<img file="IT1237149B_D0026.tif" />
temperature adjustment 21, from a removable basket 22 of calibrated dimensions intended for the introduction and retention of the specimen 23 in the tank, of different guides or referrals 24-25 to define the path of the specimen and from a millimeter reading scale 26.
The bitumen used is an impregnation bitumen of the SHELL Company (ref. 100-130 PX)., Penetration
100/130 (1/10 mm penetration at 25 ° C measured according to the Nf T 66004 standard).
The specimens of 10 x 120 cm are cut in the longitudinal direction of the pitch. Three specimens drawn on the width are used, one in the center and one at each edge 10 cm from the edge.
The test takes place as follows:
- The appliance heats up to temperature 185<sup>D</sup>C, and the temperature is allowed to stabilize.
- A clamp is fixed at each end of the specimen
23, one of them 27 constituting a fixed point.
- The specimen is introduced into the hot bitumen by means of the basket 22 which then rests on the bottom. The basket is fixed by means of a bar 28; the bitumen level and the size of the basket being determined to have a length immersed in the bitumen of 500 mm.
Load 29 is fixed, i.e. 4 daN and thereafter
daN for a pitch of 107 g / m<sup>s</sup>.
- Wait 30 sec. and we define the elongation by means of the millimeter scale.
The elongation is expressed as a percentage of the immersed length.
- After removing the load and the basket, remove the specimen and dry it by means of an appropriate device.
- The specimen is suspended vertically and, after complete cooling, the shrinkage is measured in width and expressed as a percentage of the width.
The values are shown in table 3 attached.
Another more precise test is carried out in a thermal environment at 200 ° C, on specimens 20 cm wide and 30 cm long (length of the specimen taken in the direction of the length of the pitch) between the clamps. The specimen is suspended, from the upper gripper, in the container a
200 ° C with a load of 8 daN hooked to the lower gripper. The dimensional variation of the specimen is measured, after cooling to room temperature, in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction and these variations are expressed in%.
The values are shown in table 4 attached.
In these two tests, there is a very markedly improved behavior in the hot deformation and under tension of the non-woven non-woven fabric compared to the non-reinforced non-woven fabric (see the different levels of deformation in tables 3 and 4).
The nonwoven base can serve as a sealing membrane reinforcement.
At the bitumen coating manufacturer, the reinforcement is bitumened by means of the system shown in figure 6. The reinforcement 11 is carried out by a feed roll 30, then it passes to an assembly station 31 and an accumulator
32. The assembly station allows to connect the beginning of a new roll to the end part of the reinforcement length being treated and the accumulator allows to absorb discontinuities in the feeding. The armature then passes through a first bitumen station 33, a second bitumen station 34, a slate flake application station 35, an application area for a plastic film 36, a cooling zone 37, a second accumulator. 38 and is received on a reception device 39 equipped with a cutting means 40 of the armature when the winding upon reception has reached the desired size.
Bitumination is carried out in two stages:
- a first phase of immersion impregnation to-
<img file="IT1237149B_D0027.tif" />
such at 18Q ° C (station 33) dry between two metal rollers 41 - 42 with an oxidized bitumen type 100/40, penetration 40/10 mm (according to the standard
NF T 66.004) ball-ring softening point 100 ° C (according to the NF Τ 66.00B standard).
- a second phase called surface finishing (station 34) by applying SBS (styrene butadiene styrene) elastomer to 17 5 on the two faces <sup>0</sup> C, followed by a calibration between rollers 43 - 44 at a separation distance preset according to the desired thickness of the coating, deposition of slate flakes on one face and a polypropylene film on the other face and cooling on drums in area 37.
This same reinforcement of 107 g / m * unarmoured could not have undergone the bitumen treatment without a significant deformation in the machine in the longitudinal and transversal direction with an extremely wavy appearance making the coating totally unusable.
In the present case, the behavior during the bitumen coating is excellent and the appearance of the coating perfectly flat. The further resistance of the coating to the 8Π dimensional stability test<sup>0</sup>C, recommended by the UEATC (Union Européenne pour l'Aqrément
<img file="IT1237149B_D0028.tif" />
71#/
Technique dans la Construction) complies with the needs of dimensional variations or variations of less than 5 0/00 in both directions.
Of course, the invention is not limited to the example described, but includes all embodiments within the scope of the general definition.
<img file="IT1237149B_D0029.tif" />
¢ 7 ^ 006146 4tf / .4Z /
TABLE 1
<td></td><td>Try with threads of glass</td><td>Wireless sample of glass</td>
<td>f Mass - surface (g / m<sup>2</sup>) ........</td><td> 107</td><td> 106</td>
<td></td><td> 32,0</td><td> 30,6</td>
<td></td><td> 31,2</td><td> 27,7</td>
<td></td><td> 1,02</td><td> 1,1</td>
<td>Δ1 1 unnafflAnhi 81 (%) ..............</td><td> 23,3</td><td> 26,4</td>
<td>Stunqamento ST (%) ..............</td><td> 24,4</td><td> 24,0</td>
<td>Elongation / 3 daN - SL (%) .....</td><td> 0,3</td><td> 0,3</td>
<td>Elongation / 5 daN - SL (%) .....</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 0,5</td>
<td>Elongation / 10 daN - SL (%) .....</td><td> 1,1</td><td> 1,2</td>
<td>Elongation / 3 daN - ST (%) .....</td><td> 0,3</td><td> 0,3</td>
<td>Stretching / 5 daN - ST (SS) .....</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 0,6</td>
<td>Length / 10 daN - ST (%) .....</td><td> 1,2</td><td>Ι, ώ</td>
<td>Breaking energies -SL- (j) .......</td><td> 11,2</td><td> 12,0</td>
<td>Breaking energy -ST- (j) .......</td><td> 11,2</td><td> 10,0</td>
<td>Glass wire breaking load (daN)</td><td> 18,0</td><td> -</td>
<td>Glass wire break elongation (%) ..................................... ............. ...</td><td> 2,2 _</td><td> _</td>
* SL = longitudinal direction ST transversal direction
TABLE 2
<td></td><td>Test with threads of glass</td><td>Wireless sample of glass</td>
<td>Mass - surface (g / m<sup>2</sup>) ........</td><td> 107</td><td> 106</td>
<td>Breaking load fda YES - YES ........</td><td> 21,0</td><td> 16,7</td>
<td>Breaking load (daN) - ST ........</td><td> 16,7</td><td> 19,6</td>
<td>Isotropy SL / ST ..................</td><td> 1,25</td><td> 0,85</td>
<td>Elongation (SS) - SL - ...........</td><td> 27,0</td><td> 23,6</td>
<td>Elongation (%) - ST - ...........</td><td> 21,3</td><td> 23,3</td>
<td>Elongation / 3 daN (%) - SL - ....</td><td> 0,9</td><td> 2,1</td>
<td>Elongation / 5 daN (? A) - 5L - ....</td><td> 1,9</td><td> 3,9</td>
<td>Elongation / 10 daN (%) - SL - ....</td><td> 6,4</td><td> 9,6</td>
<td>Elongation / 3 daN (%) - ST - ....</td><td> 1,6</td><td> 1,6</td>
<td>! Elongation / 5 daN (%) - ST - ....</td><td> 3,3</td><td> 3,3</td>
<td>Elongation / 10 daN (%) - ST - ....</td><td> 8,9</td><td> 8,9</td>
<td>Breakage energy (j) - YES - ......</td><td> 6.3</td><td> 4,7</td>
<td>Break energy (i) - ST - ...... 1</td><td> 4,3</td><td> 5,5</td>
<td>Glass wire breaking load (daN)</td><td> 5,2</td><td></td>
<td>Glass wire break elongation (%)</td><td> 2,0 |</td><td> -</td>
TABLE 3
<td></td><td>Try with glass threads</td><td>Wireless sample of glass</td>
<td>Mass - surface (g / m®) .......</td><td> 107</td><td> 106</td>
<td>Armature thickness (mm), ......</td><td> 0,45</td><td> 0,48</td>
<td>Bitumen test with a load of 4 daN</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>- SL elongation (? ó)</td><td> 0,7</td><td> 1,9</td>
<td>- ST (SS) withdrawal ............</td><td> 0</td><td> 0,5</td>
<td>Bitumen test with a load of 7 daN</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>- SL elongation (? ó) .......</td><td> 1, 3</td><td> 3,7</td>
<td>- ST withdrawal (%) ............</td><td> 0</td><td> 1</td>
Specimen width: 10 cm
T ABELL A "4
<td></td><td>Tests with glass threads</td><td>Wireless sample of glass</td>
<td>Mass - surface (g / m<sup>!</sup>) ........</td><td> 107</td><td> 106</td>
<td>Armature thickness (mm) ...........</td><td> 0,45</td><td> 0,48</td>
<td>Thermal shrinkage 200 ° C-10'- SL (? É)</td><td> 0,7</td><td> 0,9</td>
<td>Thermal shrinkage 200 ° C-10'- ST (%)</td><td> 0,1</td><td> 0,1</td>
<td>Flow (200 ° C-15 ') under 8 daN:</td><td></td><td></td>
<td>- SL extension (£) .......</td><td> 0,4</td><td> 2,4</td>
<td>- ST (SS) withdrawal .............</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 1,7</td>
Specimen width; 20 cm
SL = longitudinal direction ST = transverse direction
Contents17
36 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5 Sheet 6 Sheet 7 Sheet 8 Sheet 9 Sheet 10 Sheet 11 Sheet 12 Sheet 13 Sheet 14 Sheet 15 Sheet 16 Sheet 17 Sheet 18 Sheet 19 Sheet 20 Sheet 21 Sheet 22 Sheet 23 Sheet 24 Sheet 25 Sheet 26 Sheet 27 Sheet 28 Sheet 29 Sheet 30 Sheet 31 Sheet 32 Sheet 33 Sheet 34 Sheet 35 Sheet 36
17 members in 10 offices
Priority claims5
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8816711 | France | – | |
| 8816711 | France | A | |
| 8816711 | France | A | |
| 8816711 | – | – | – |
| FR19880016711 | – | – | – |
Members17
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT8922542A0 | Italy | A0 | |
| GB8928224D0 | United Kingdom | D0 | |
| CA2003968A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| FR2640288A1 | France | A1 | |
| GB2226054A | United Kingdom | A | |
| DE3941189A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| NL8903020A | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | A | |
| BR8906520A | Brazil | A | |
| IT8922542A1 | Italy | A1 | |
| US5118550A | United States of America | A | |
| GB2226054B | United Kingdom | B | |
| IT1237149BThis record | Italy | B | |
| FR2640288B1 | France | B1 | |
| CA2003968C | Canada | C | |
| CH684232GA3 | Switzerland | A3 | |
| BE1006690A4 | Belgium | A4 | |
| CH684232B5 | Switzerland | B5 |
2 legal events, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Over the term
Point at a mark for the eventEvents
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Fee payment date (situation as of event date), data collected since 19931001TA | TA | |
| GrantedGranted0001 | 0001 |
Numbers
- Publication
- 0001237149
- Publication, DOCDB
- 1237149
- Publication, EPODOC
- IT1237149
- Application
- 2254289
- Application, DOCDB
- 2254289
- Application, EPODOC
- IT19890022542
Titles2
- Italian
- SUPPORTO A BASE DI FALDA NONTESSUTA IN TESSILE CHIMICO E IL SUO PROCEDIMENTO DI FABBRICAZIONE
- English
- SUPPORT BASED ON NONWOVEN GROUND IN CHEMICAL TEXTILE AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE
Classification
- CPC, 11
- D04H5/12
- D04H5/02
- D04H5/06
- Y10S428/902
- D06N7/0081
- D06N7/0068
- D06N5/003
- Y10T442/681
- Y10T428/23979
- Y10T428/23943
- Y10T428/31815
- IPC, 5
- D04H5 02
- D04H5 06
- D04H5 12
- D06N5 00
- D06N7 00
