Diagnostic communications system for computer controlled machine tools

With the advent of computer controlled machine tools , machining operations which heretofore had been performed by ״ ::a.skilled machinist,!can now be performed automatically by ׳ the machine tool in accordance with programmed instructions • 5::״ executed by the machine tool control system computer. In addition to reducing direct labor costs, use of computer controlled machine tools assures part uniformity because for so long as the computer controlling the machine tool executes the same program, each part produced by the machine will be 10 identical to each preceding part produced thereby.

Due to their tremendous sophistication, such computer controlled machine tools are often quite complex. Although great care is taken during design to assure trouble-free computer controlled machine tool operation for long intervals, 15 should a malfunction develop, machine tool complexity often forces skilled repair personnel to expend considerable effort and time to diagnose the cause of the machine tool malfunction. Since the per hour charge of such skilled repair personnel is often costly, and since machine down time often results 20 in production delays which are very costly too, it is very important that the diagnosis and correction of machine tool malfunctions be made as quickly as possible.

To facilitate rapid diagnosis of machine tool malfunctions, I developed the diagnostic communications system de25 scribed and claimed in U.S. Patent 3,882,305 issued to me on May 6, 1975 and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The diagnostic communications system described in my patent includes a pair of MODEMS, that is, modulator/demodulators, for coupling a remotely situated computer controlled .30 machine tool across a communication channel to a diagnostic computer which stores diagnostic programs for analyzing the operation of the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool. In operation, linkage is established between the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool and the cen-3trally located diagnostic computer by voice communication between.the machine tool operator and the computer analyst . at the diagnostic site. .Thereafter ,: both the ;computer anafe lyst and the machine tool operator condition their corres5 < ponding modems to enable digitally encoded information to be transmitted between the diagnostic computer and the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool. The digitally encoded information consists of instructions transmitted from the diagnostic computer to the computer controlled machine 10 tool and machine tool characteristics, sensed during machine tool operation responsive to the previously received instructions from the central. diagnostic computer, which are transmitted from the machine tool to the diagnostic computer.

One of the drawbacks associated with the diagnostic com15 munication system described in my U.S. Patent 3,882,305 is that an analyst must be present at the diagnostic computer site to facilitate communication between the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool and the diagnostic computer. If it were possible to automatically establish com20 munications between the diagnostic computer and the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool in response to a test command entered to the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool by an operator upon detection of any abnormality is disclosed during machine tool operation, then 25 the need for an analyst at the diagnostic computer site could be obviated or, the analyst could be freed to perform other duties, thereby effecting a sizable savings in labor costs.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a 30 diagnostic communication computer system for analyzing the operation of a computer controlled machine tool and for diagnosing machine tool abnormalities during machine tool operation; and

Briefly, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, a diagnostic communication computer system is programmed to monitor the operation of a remotely situated computer controlled machine tool and to diagnose any machine tool abnormalities developed during machine tool operation. Means are provided, in the form of an auto dialer and MODEM connected to the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool and, an automatic answering MODEM coupled to the diagnostic computer, to automatically initiate a communications link across a communications channel such as a telephone link, between the diagnostic computer and the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool in response to an operator initiated test command entered to the computer controlled machine tool. Following establishment of the communication link, the diagnostic computer interrogates the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool to ascertain its identity. Once the diagnostic computer is provided with information from the remotely situated computer controlled machine tool indicative of its identity, the diagnostic computer transmits control instructions to the computer controlled machine tool and, thereafter, receives information from the machine tool indicative of machine tool operating characteristics. By monitoring machine tool operation, the diagnostic computer can, in accordance with stored programs, diagnose any machine tool abnormalities disclosed during machine tool operations.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DRAWINGS

The features of the invention believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The in-5vention itself, however, both as to organization and method . of operation, together with the further objects and advanί . tages :thereof may best beunderstood byreference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompany5 ing drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the diagnostic communication system according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Fig. 1 illustrates the preferred embodiment of an un10 manned diagnostic communications computer system 10 for monitoring the operation of a computer numerically controlled machining center such as CNC machining center 14, following an operator initiated test command entered to the CNC machining center. In the presently preferred embodiment, diagnostic 15 computer system 10 includes a diagnostic computer 15, configured substantially identical to the diagnostic computer described and claimed in my U.S. Patent 3,882,305, and ineludes an electronic processor 16 which is coupled to four memory blocks 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d, respectively, contain20 ing an operating system, a set of computer executable diagnostic programs, a set of analytical programs and a set of machine tool executable diagnostic programs, respectively.

In addition to being coupled to memory blocks 20a through 20d, processor 16 is coupled to a disk drive 22 and to a mag25 netic tape drive 24 through an I/O interface 26. Disk drive 22 serves as the primary means for storing information concerning each of the CNC machining centers which may be interfaced to the diagnostic computer system for diagnostic analysis. The information on disk 22 concerning each CNC machin30 ing center includes data indicative of the machine type as well as machine design limit parameter data and data indicative of previously obtained machine operating characteristics which data, is referenced by the CNC machinery center serial number. Magnetic tape drive 24 serves as a back-up memory . xfor disk drive 22 and may also be employed to initially inל put, and thereafter update, the programs stored in each of 5 the memory blocks 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d. Even though diagnostic computer system 10 is designed for unmanned operation, it may be advantageous to configure diagnostic computer system 10 with one or more input/output devices 28, such as a CRT display, a high speed printer or a keyboard 10 printer, all coupled through I/O interface 26 to processor

16. I/O devices 28 enable an analyst, if present, to monitor diagnostic computer 15 and CNC machining center 14 operation.

Each of the computer numerically controlled machining 15 centers interfaced with diagnostic computer system 10 takes the form of computer numerically controlled machining center 14 and includes a machine tool 28 which is coupled to and controlled by a machine tool control system 30. Although machine tool control system 30 may take the form of any well 20 known machine tool control system, in the presently preferred embodiment, machine tool control system 30 is comprised of a KT/CNC control system manufactured by Kearney & Trecker Corporation and includes a processor 32 which is coupled through an I/O interface 34 to machine tool 28. Processor 32 is 25 coupled to four memory blocks 36a through 36d which stores a permanent user receiver program, a temporary diagnostic program, a communication program and a machine tool operating program, respectively.

Input/output (I/O) interface 34 also couples processor

32 to each of data display unit 42, tape reader 44 and man. ual controls 46. Tape reader 44 serves as the means by which each of the four programs stored in memory blocks 36a through

36d, respectively, is initially entered, and thereafter updated. Output data generated during machine operation, is

-רdisplayed on display unit 42, typically comprised of a ca.thode ray tube or plasma display, to the machine tool opera.,. ,tor. ;In.response to.data displayed on display; unit 42, operator-initiated commands can be entered to processor 32 5 through manual controls 46. It is through manual controls 46 that a test command is entered to processor 32 to initiate interface with diagnostic communications system 10. To establish a communication link between CNC machine tool 14 and diagnostic communication system 10 across a com10 munication channel 48, such as a long distance telephone line or a microwave channel connected at each end to a local telephone link, in response to an operated-initiated test command entered through manual controls 46, an auto dialer 50 and a communication modulator/demodulator (MODEM) 15 52 are each coupled between one end of communication channel and I/O interface 26 of diagnostic computer 15. A MODEM 54 is coupled between the other end of communications channel 48 and I/O interface 26 of diagnostic communication system 10. In response to a command from processor 32, as trans20 mitted to the auto dialer through I/O interface 34, auto dialer 50 automatically accesses auto answer MODEM 54 through communications channel 40 by transmitting a unique identifying code (the telephone number of auto answer MODEM 54) across communications channel 48. Auto answer MODEM 54 25 automatically responds to the identifying code transmitted by auto dialer 50 and, following transmission of the identifying code, the auto answer MODEM automatically interfaces diagnostic computer 15 to communications channel 48 to permit transmission of data thereacross between diagnostic com30 munication system 10 and CNC machine tool 14.

The diagnostic communications system of the present invention operates in the following manner. It;.is initially assumed that processor 32 of machine tool control system 14 is initially executing the machine tool operating program stored in memory block 36d to direct the operation of machine tool 28. If, during the execution of the machine tool operating program, a malfunction in eitherthe machine tool or the •5 machine tool control system occurs, then the machine tool operator enters a test command through manual controls 46 to processor 32. In response, processor 32 commences execution of the permanent user receiver program stored in memory block 36a. The permanent user receiver program stored in memory 10 block 36a is substantially identical to the permanent user receiver program described in my U.S. Patent 3,882,305, and when executed by processor 32, it causes auto dialer 50 to access auto answer MODEM 54 through communication channel 48.

Once a. communication link is established across communi15 cation channel 48 between processor 32 of CNC machine tool 14 and processor 16 of diagnostic computer 15, then processor 32 commences execution of the communications program stored.in memory block 36c. The communication program stored in memory block 36c is substantially identical to the communications 20 program described in my previously identified patent and controls the operation of MODEM 52 which, in combination with auto answer MODEM 54 and communication channel 48, carries the computer executable diagnostic programs and the machine tool executable diagnostic programs stored in memory blocks 25 20b and 20d, respectively, of diagnostic computer 15 to machine tool control system 30 which stores the program in memory block 32b. The computer executable diagnostic program and the machine tool executable diagnostic program are substantially identical to the computer executable diagnostic 30 program and the machine tool executable diagnostic program, respectively, described in my previously identified patent, and when executed by processor 32, they cause both machine tool 28 and processor 32, respectively, to generate data indicative of machine tool and machine tool control system op35 erating characteristics, respectively, which data is then transmitted across communication channel 48 to diagnostic , computer 15. Processor 16 of diagnostic computer 15 ana¹ lyzes the diagnostic data in accordance with the analytic programs stored in memory block 20c, which programs, are sub...5 stantially identical to the analytic programs described in my previously identified patent. Following analysis of the machine tool and machine tool control system data, information, indicative of the machine tool malfunction, is thereafter transmitted across communication channel 48 to machine 10 tool control system 30 for display on data display unit 42 to an operator. In accordance with the diagnostic information displayed on display unit 42, appropriate measures can then be undertaken to correct any machine tool or machine tool control system malfunction, thereby permitting rapid return 15 to a re-execution of the machine tool operating program.

The foregoing describes an unmanned diagnostic communication system for analyzing machine tool operating data and to diagnose any machine tool malfunctions identified by such data. By employing means in the form of an auto dialer, an 20 auto answer MODEM, a communications link between the machine tool, the diagnostic communication system can be established automatically therebetween, thereby obviating the need to manually establish such linkage.

Although the illustrative embodiment of the invention has 25 been described in considerable detail for the purpose of fully disclosing a practical operative structure incorporating the invention, it is to be understood that the particular apparatus shown and described is intended to be illustrative only and the various novel features in the invention may be incor30 porated in other structural forms not departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the subjoined claims.