A non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics composition, methods of exfoliation and production

[1] The present invention generally pertains to non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetic compositions and methods of producing and exfoliating dried skin by the same.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[2] Exfoliation is the removal of dead skin cells and built-up dirt from the skin's surface. Mechanical exfoliation methods involve physically scrubbing the skin with an abrasive material. Fragmented seeds, such as apricot pits, have been widely used for mechanical exfoliation but contain rough, irregular edges. These cause micro-scratches on the skin’s surface and are irritating, proinflammatory, and pre-dispose to complications of infection. They can be particularly dangerous for spreading infectious processes in acne or other inflammatory conditions where potential infection is a concern; see DeHaven, C. Mechanisms of exfoliation. Science of Skincare (2015).

[3] Prior art largely ignores the role of abrasive material's morphology on damaging the skin. Most of the publications defines particles size and hardness, yet overlook particles serratedness. Hence for example, US4460488 discloses a cosmetic composition containing a thickening or opacifying agent, in powder form having a granulometry less than 125 microns and being present in an amount ranging from 2 to 95 percent by weight based on the total weight of said composition. EP2431454 discloses a liquid cleaning composition comprising bleached cleaning particles as abrasives, selected from the group consisting bleached nut shell particles, bleached particles derived from other plant parts, bleached wood particles and mixtures thereof. The bleached abrasive cleaning particles have a mean particle size as expressed by the Equivalent Circle Diameter from 10 to 1000 μm according to ISO 9276-6: 2008(E) Section 7, wherein the abrasive particles have Shore D hardness measured according to the procedure described in ASTM D2240 below or equal to 90 or MOHS hardness equal or below 4. US8546316 discloses a liquid hand dishwashing composition comprising natural abrasive particles, such as nut shell particles defined by “mean roughness”, i.e., having a particle size of 50 to 400 microns to deliver efficient cleaning without damaging delicate surfaces, and highly desirable mild skin exfoliation. US8084409 discloses a personal cleansing composition for a microdermabrasion soap bar comprising an abrasive magnesium oxide-based blend having particles of a mean particle size diameter of 120 to 200 microns.

[4] Hence, it is a long felt need to abrasive cosmetics that are characterized by a defined morphology, namely defined smoothness-to-serratedness scale so that an effective mechanical exfoliation is provided without damaging the skin or irritating, inflaming or dangerously infecting the treated skin.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[5] It is hence an object of the invention to disclose a non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics composition characterized by a visually inspected morphology (VIM), namely more than 50% of the particles are defined a mildly serrated or serrated; and further characterized by smoothness-to-serratedness (STS) scale of Rpm/Rz value of 0.6±0.2, Rt value of 450±300 and Lr value of 1.5±0.5.

[6] It is another object of the invention to disclose non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cleansing agent characterized by a visually inspected morphology (VIM), namely more than 50% of the particles are defined a mildly serrated or serrated; and further characterized by smoothnessto-serratedness (STS) scale of Rpm/Rz value of 0.6±0.2, Rt value of 450±300 and Lr value of 1.5±0.5.

[7] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein for the serrated abrasive, VIM is ranging from 15% to 85% of the particles are at least mildly serrated.

[8] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein for the serrated abrasive, VIM is ranging from 50% to 70% of the particles are at least mildly serrated.

[9] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein for the serrated abrasive, yielded skin inflammation score is no more than Class 0, namely Doubtful Reaction: possibly slight redness based on calculating the line roughness, according to DIN EN ISO 4288), adopted from US9,330,453B2

Apparatus and method for determining a skin inflammation value by Red. Soft IT Service GMBH, Weppersdorf (AT), or in short, Class 0, ISO 4288.

[10] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein for the serrated abrasive, wherein STS scale is defined by Rpm/Rz value of 0.4 to 0.9, Rt values of 100±950 and Lr values of 0.75 to 2.25.

[11] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein for the serrated abrasive, wherein STS scale is defined by Rpm/Rz value of 0.60±0.14, Rt values of 458±268 and Lr values of 1.48±0.37.

[12] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein abrasive material is selected from a group consisting of walnut shells, almond shells, hazelnut shells, olive kernels, olive mill waste, cherry kernels, apricot kernels, nut shells e.g.: walnut and almond or derived from seed pits e.g.: apricot and cherry.

[13] It is another object of the invention to disclose either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in any of the above, wherein material is selected from soap ..

[14] A cosmetic composition comprising the non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics composition comprising a serrated abrasive material as defined in any of the above. The weight ratio of the serrated abrasive material in the product is ranging from about 2.5% to about 95%, or otherwise from about 5% to about 75% or otherwise from about 10% to about 50%, or otherwise from about 15% to about 35%.

[15] A cleansing composition comprising the non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics composition comprising a serrated abrasive material as defined in any of the above. The weight ratio of the serrated abrasive material in the product is ranging from about 2.5% to about 95%, or otherwise from about 5% to about 75% or otherwise from about 10% to about 50%, or otherwise from about 15% to about 35%.

[16] A composition for exfoliation of dead skin cells and built-up dirt from the skin's surface, comprising a non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics composition comprising a serrated abrasive material as defined in any of the above. The weight ratio of the serrated abrasive material in the product is ranging from about 2.5% to about 95%, or otherwise from about 5% to about 75% or otherwise from about 10% to about 50%, or otherwise from about 15% to about 35%.

[17] A method of treating dead skin cells and built-up dirt from the skin's surface in a patient, comprising topically administrating a non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics composition comprising a serrated abrasive material as defined in any of the above. The weight ratio of the hereto administrated serrated abrasive material in the product is ranging from about 2.5% to about 95%, or otherwise from about 5% to about 75% or otherwise from about 10% to about 50%, or otherwise from about 15% to about 35%.

[18] A method of the production of a non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics and cleansing products, comprising admixing abrasive materials, such those selected in a non-limiting manner from a group consisting of walnut shells, almond shells, hazelnut shells, olive kernels, olive mill waste, cherry kernels, apricot kernels, nut shells e.g.: walnut and almond or derived from seed pits e.g.: apricot and cherry, whilst providing the abrasive materials by milling or otherwise size reducing techniques and selective separation techniques, such as filtering via shaped mesh, to be characterized by a visually inspected morphology (VIM), namely more than 50% of the particles are defined a mildly serrated or serrated; and further characterized by smoothness-toserratedness (STS) scale of Rpm/Rz value of 0.6±0.2, Rt value of450±300 and Lr value of 1.5±0.5; and as further characterized in any of the defined above. The weight ratio of the serrated abrasive material in the product is ranging from about 2.5% to about 95%, or otherwise from about 5% to about 75% or otherwise from about 10% to about 50%, or otherwise from about 15% to about 35%.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[19] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only illustrative embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments: Fig. 1 to 4 depict photos and illustration defining the serrated material provided useful in a few embodiments of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[20] One skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is well adapted to carry out the objects and obtain the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those inherent therein. It should be understood, however, that the materials, compounds, additives and active materials, methods, procedures, and techniques described herein are presently representative of embodiments. These techniques are intended to be exemplary, are given by way of illustration only, and are not intended as limitations on the scope. Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following detailed description; specific examples and claims; and various changes, substitutions, other uses and modifications that may be made to the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention or as defined by the scope of the appended claims.

[21] In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of the specification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms, the following definitions are provided in a non-limiting manner:

[22] The term about refers in a non-limiting manner to a value being smaller or greater than up to 20% of the specified measure. All ranges recited herein include ranges therebetween, and can be inclusive or exclusive of the endpoints. Optional included ranges are from integer values therebetween (or inclusive of one original endpoint), at the order of magnitude recited or the next smaller order of magnitude.

[23] As used herein, the term “cosmetics” includes dermatologically-acceptable soaps, bleaching or otherwise cleansing products, shampoos, conditioners, creams, lotions ointments, (bath-) oils and salts, bar soaps, facial cleansers, foot treatments, toothpaste, personal cleansing products, and the like. The term “cosmetic formulation” is used herein to refer to a topically applied composition that contains one or more agents having cosmetic properties.

[24] The term “dermatologically-acceptable” or “cosmetically-acceptable” as used herein, means that the compounds or composition(s) which the term describes are suitable for use in contact with tissues (e.g., the skin) without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, irritation, allergic response and the like. This term is not intended to limit the compound/composition to which it describes for use solely as a cosmetic (i.e., the ingredient/product may be used as a pharmaceutical).

[25] The term “abrasion,” as used herein, refers to any means of altering, disrupting, removing, or destroying the top layer of the skin. In some embodiments, abrasion refers to a mechanical means of altering, disrupting, removing, or destroying the top layer of the skin. In some embodiments, abrasion refers to a chemical means of altering, disrupting, removing, or destroying the top layer of skin.

[26] The term “administration,” as used herein to refers to the administration or otherwise topically applying of a provided composition, such as a cosmetic composition or a cosmetic formulation, to a subject, is not limited to any particular route but rather refers to any route accepted as appropriate by the medical or cosmetic community. As used herein, “topically applying” means directly laying on or spreading on outer skin, e.g., by use of hands or an applicator such as a wipe, puff, roller or spray.

[27] The terms “patient” or “subject” refer interchangeably to any organism to which provided compositions can be administered, e.g., for experimental, prophylactic, cosmetic, and/or therapeutic purposes. Typical patients include animals (e.g., mammals such as mice, rats, rabbits, non-human primates, and humans). In some embodiments, a patient is a human.

[28] The term “treatment” (also “treat” or “treating”) refers to any administration of a substance (e.g., provided compositions) that partially or completely alleviates, providing relief of symptoms, cosmetically improves, ameliorates, relives, inhibits, delays onset of, reduces severity of, and/or reduces incidence of one or more symptoms, features, and/or causes of a particular disease, disorder, and/or condition. Such treatment may be of a subject who does not exhibit signs of the relevant disease, disorder and/or condition and/or of a subject who exhibits only early signs of the disease, disorder, and/or condition. Alternatively, or additionally, such treatment may be of a subject who exhibits one or more established signs of the relevant disease, disorder and/or condition. In some embodiments, treatment may be of a subject who has been diagnosed as suffering from the relevant disease, disorder, and/or condition. In some embodiments, treatment may be of a subject known to have one or more susceptibility factors that are statistically correlated with increased risk of development of the relevant disease, disorder, and/or condition. As used herein, “relief of symptoms” refers to decrease in severity over that expected in the absence of treatment and does not necessarily indicate a total elimination or cure of the disease. Relief of symptoms is also intended to include prophylaxis.

[29] It is an object of the invention to discloses, inter alia, a non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive for cosmetics characterized by a visually inspected morphology (VIM), namely more than 50% of the particles are defined a mildly serrated or serrated; and further characterized by smoothness-to-serratedness (STS) scale of Rpm/Rz value of 0.6±0.2, Rt value of 450±300 and Lr value of 1.5±0.5.

[30] The abrasive material is selected in a non-limiting manner from walnut shells, almond shells, hazelnut shells, olive kernels, olive mill waste, cherry kernels, apricot kernels, nut shells e.g.: walnut and almond or derived from seed pits e.g.: apricot and cherry.

[31] According to a certain embodiment of the invention, provided here in a non-limiting manner, a cosmetic material or a cosmetic composition is selected from soap comprises, inter alia, nonionic, anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric, cationic surfactants or mixtures thereof. Suitable surfactants are those selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, zwitterionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants, having hydrophobic chains containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable surfactants are described in either or both (a) US20130219643A1 incorporated herein as a reference, and (b) McCutcheon's Vol. 1: Emulsifiers and Detergents, North American Ed., McCutcheon Division, MC Publishing Co., 2002. The composition herein comprises from 0.01% to 50%, more preferably from 0.5% to 40%, and most preferably from 1% to 36% by weight of the total composition of a surfactant or a mixture thereof.

[32] Otherwise, the compositions according to the present invention are designed as a cleansing agent or a non-cosmetic composition, namely cleaners for a variety of inanimate surfaces. e.g., for cleaning inanimate surfaces selected from a group consisting of household hard surfaces; dish surfaces; surfaces like leather or synthetic leather; and automotive vehicles surfaces. As an example, inanimate surfaces to be cleansed are in kitchens, bathrooms, e.g., floors, walls, tiles, windows, cupboards, sinks, showers, shower plasticized curtains, wash basins, WCs, fixtures and fittings and the like made of different materials like ceramic, vinyl, no-wax vinyl, linoleum, melamine, glass, Inox®, Formica®, vitroceramic, plastics, plasticized wood, metal or any painted or varnished or sealed surface and the like. Household hard surfaces also include household appliances including, but not limited to refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, automatic dryers, ovens, microwave ovens, dishwashers and so on. Such hard surfaces may be found both in private households as well as in commercial, institutional and industrial environments. Another example are surfaces found in dish cleaning, such as dishes, cutlery, cutting boards, pots, pans, etc.

[33] It is well in the scope of the invention wherein the aforesaid cosmetic composition or aforesaid n cleansing agent (or non-cosmetic composition) further comprising suitable optional ingredients and may include one or more of the following: suspending aids, chelating agents, surfactants, radical scavengers, perfumes, cleaning and surface-modifying polymers, dimers and polymers, solvents, cosolvents, builders, buffers, antimicrobial agents, hydrotropes, colorants, stabilizers, bleaches, bleach activators, suds controlling agents both for suds boosting and suds suppression like fatty acids, enzymes, soil suspenders, brighteners, UV enhancers or blockers, pH stabilizers, anti-dusting agents, dispersants, pigments, dyes, pearlescent agents, viscosity modifiers, thickeners, medicaments, pre-medicaments, nutrients, inorganic salts, water activity modifiers, rheology modifiers, skin care actives such as emollients, humectants and/or conditioning polymers.

EXAMPLE 1

[34] The purpose of this example is to present analysis results of 0.1 mg of olive stone particles, which were meshed and characterized based on their sharpness. The analysis was conducted using a binocular microscope (Zeiss, SteREO Discovery™ V8). The objective was to determine the distribution of particle sharpness within the sample.

[35] A total of about 370 particles were examined under the binocular microscope. Each particle was visually inspected and categorized based on its level of sharpness. The following classifications were used:

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

Serrated:

Mildly Serrated: serrated particles. Mildly Smooth: Smooth:

Particles exhibiting distinct serrations along their edges.

Particles with slight serrations that were less prominent compared to the

Particles showing minimal serrations, almost smooth in appearance.

Particles with no visible serrations or sharp edges.

Reference is now made to figure 1, presenting images of olive mesh particles using binocular, (A) a serrated particle, (B) a smooth particle, (C) the analysis process of the particle mesh. Bar (Box A) is 1 mm. Figure 2 depicts a column plot, showing the number of particles in each population (black - serrated particles, dark gray - mildly serrated particles, gray - mildly smooth particles, light gray - smooth particles). Table 1 summarizes the results:

Table 1. Number of particles in each serration to smooth populations

Morphology

Serrated

49%

30%

14%

8%

100%

Mildly serrated Mildly smooth Smooth

[58] The results indicate that the majority of particles in the sample were found to have a significant degree of serration. This suggests that the meshing process used to produce the particles resulted in the creation of sharp edges along their surfaces. Additionally, a notable proportion of particles were categorized as mildly serrated, indicating a range of sharpness within the sample.

[59] Furthermore, a smaller fraction of particles was found to be mildly smooth or completely smooth, indicating the presence of particles with relatively less sharpness. It is important to note that the classification of particle sharpness is subjective and based on visual inspection, which may introduce some degree of variability.

[60] In conclusion, the analysis of the olive stone particles revealed a distribution of sharpness levels within the sample. The majority of particles were categorized as serrated or mildly serrated, indicating the presence of sharp edges. These findings contribute to the characterization of particle sharpness and provide valuable insights for further research and applications involving olive stone particles.

EXAMPLE 2

[61] Non-Irritation and/or Non-inflammation Analysis

[62] The purpose of this example is to analyze either or both cosmetics composition and cleansing agent as defined in Example 1 and 3, and defined in the present invention, including e.g., serrated cosmetics, serrated cleansing agents, serrated products for exfoliation of dead skin cells and builtup dirt from the skin's surface, wherein for the serrated abrasive, yielded skin inflammation score is no more than Class 0, ISO 4288. For all purpose and routine use with cosmetics serrated composition and cleansing serrated agent, hands' skin irritation was no more than Class 0, ISO 4288.

[63] The analysis further shows both that (a) for a method of treating dead skin cells and built-up dirt from the skin's surface in a patient, hands' skin inflammation score is no more than Class 0, ISO 4288; (b) for method of the production of a non-irritating, non-inflaming serrated abrasive cosmetics and cleansing products, hands' skin inflammation score is no more than Class 0, ISO 4288.

EXAMPLE 3

[64] Surface Characteristics of an Olive Soap

[65] For the purpose of exploring soap or any other cleanser's surface characteristics, one can show on the cleaning efficiency, and soap's smoothness. The example here discloses roughness of the soap' surface, the total surface length and asperity of the soap. The soap was spread on a flat surface, placed vertically to a X5 microscope lens to picture a cross section of it. The experiment analyzed the surface edge of eight pictures and plotted them manually. A commercially available WebPlotDigitizerTM was used to extract about 130 data points and scale for each line, see Prof. Steven Abbott, UK, at currently available link https://www.stevenabbott.co.uk/contact.php.

[66] Then, the SurfaceProfileExplorerTM engine was used to reach the requested parameters. Reference is now made to Fig. 3, schematically illustrating the method of calculation. Results obtained by SurfaceProfileExplorerTM are shown in Fig. 4.

[67] Some useful parameter’s definitions are hereto provided:

[68] Rp is the maximum deviation above the mean line. It is highly susceptible to rogue points. If the profile varies equally above and below the average, then Rp will be approximately 0.5 of Rt as Rt measures peak-to-valley height and Rp measures peak-to-mean height.

[69] Rpm is the mean value of Rp measurements over 5 adjoining samples and is less susceptible to rogue points. It is the peak mean (hence PM).

[70] Rpm/Rz is a useful diagnostic value. If W (for Wide) profile is calculated, there is a very little extra height above the mean value, so Rpm/Rz is small. If N calculated, (for Narrow) there are now lot of extra height above the mean value, so Rpm/Rz is large. For general structures, Rpm/Rz will be close to 0.5.

[71] Rt is the maximum roughness depth and is the biggest peak-to-valley height. One rogue peak or valley can completely distort this reading.

[72] Lr is the length profile ratio. Distance X’ is larger than the straight distance X (e.g., the default 12.5 mm) across the sample. The length profile = X’/X. The Y axis is greatly magnified. In the default plots a typical Y value is 4μm and the X length is 125,000 μm.

[73] Thus, it is concluded that Rpm/Rz values for this special olive soap are estimated to be 0.60±0.14, Rt values are about 458±268 and Lr values are in the range of 1.48±0.37.

[74] Where a sentence states that its subject is found in embodiments, or in certain embodiments, or in the like, it is applicable to any embodiment in which the subject matter can be This invention described herein is of a cleaning composition and methods of forming or using the same. Although some embodiments have been discussed above, other implementations and applications are also within the scope of the following claims. Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. More specifically, those of skill will recognize that any embodiment described herein that those of skill would recognize could advantageously have a sub-feature of another embodiment, is described as having that sub-feature.

[75] Publications and references, including but not limited to patents and patent applications, cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety in the entire portion cited as if each individual publication or reference were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference herein as being fully set forth. Any patent application to which this application claims priority is also incorporated by reference herein in the manner described above for publications and references.

[76] Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. The scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited to the above description, but rather is as set forth in the following claims.