Trifunctional antithrombin and antiplatelet peptides

Anticoagulant agents are useful as therapeutic agents in the therapeutic treatment of, for example, acute deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, acute arterial embolism of the limbs, myocardial infarction, stroke and diffuse intravascular coagulation. Preventive administration of anticoagulants has been shown to prevent the development of embolism in rheumatic or arteriosclerotic heart disease and to prevent certain thromboembolic complications of surgery. Anticoagulants (anticoagulants) may also be used in the treatment of coronary heart and brain vascular diseases. Arterial thrombosis is the leading cause of death, especially in the arteries supplying the heart muscle and brain.

The pathogenic mechanism involved in the development of these diseases is primarily due to platelet-mediated arterial thrombosis. Consequently, the development of a platelet aggregation inhibiting and thrombin inhibiting agent results in the formation of an ideal antithrombotic agent. A basic step in platelet aggregation (induced by various agonist agents) is the binding of fibrinogen via the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence to the activated platelet glycoprotein (GP) at the IIb / IIIa receptor [FA. Marguerie et al., J. Bioi. Chem. 254,53575363 (1979); D. Collen, et al., Thrombolysis in Cardiovascular Disease, D. Juian, et al., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York (1989); 45-67). This binding is inhibited by linear and cyclic RGD-containing synthetic peptides [EF Plow et al., Prog. Hemost, Thromb. 9: 117-156 (1989); EF Plow et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 8057-8061 (1985).

Recent studies have shown that when thrombin inhibition and platelet are combined, the glycoprotein (GP) IIb / IIIa (integrin) receptor

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- 3 - .

...:. Blocking, in a single hybrid peptide, this peptide then has anti-coagulant and antiplatelet activity [FC Church et al., J. Bioi. Chem. 266: 11975-11979 (1991). In addition, peptide-type thrombin inhibitors combining catalytic and anion-binding exo-sequence sequence inhibitors have been described (JM Maraganore et al., 1990, Biochemistry 29, 7095-7101 and J. DiMaio et al., J. Bioi. Chem. 265: 21698-21703 (1990). The activity of these peptides was determined by separating the two components, which are the component that binds to the thrombin active site and the component that exits the exo-position by a spacer of appropriate length. These studies have shown that peptides containing a minimal 4-amino acid residue chain between the catalytic site inhibitor and the anion-binding exo-position sequence show maximum thrombin inhibitory activity. These results also support the results of cross-linking (cross-linking) studies showing that hirudin analogs are NH₂the distance between the terminal group (which binds to the anion-binding exo-position on thrombin) and the Ser-195 hydroxyl group at the thrombin catalytic site is approx. 18-20 A [B. Fürié et al., J. Bioi. Chem., 257, 3875-3882 (1982) and W. Bode et al., EMBO J., 8, 3467-3475 (1989).

WO 92/10575, published June 25, 1992, discloses trifunctional inhibitors which inhibit platelet activation and thrombin. These inhibitors contain a glycoprotein IIb / lHa inhibitory moiety and a thrombin inhibitory moiety which comprises a unit that binds to a catalytic site (receptor) and that binds to this receptor and inhibits the active receptor site of thrombin. A catalytic receptor-associated one

61.612 / SM i

This linkage is coupled to an anion binding exo receptor and is coupled through a linker moiety comprising a backbone and the calculated length of this chain being about 10 minutes. Between 18A and 42A.

In our experiments, we have shown that when a thrombin catalytic receptor inhibitor (e.g. (D) Phe-Pro-Arg or analog) unit is coupled to an anion-binding exo-position unit (hirudin)₅₅.₆₅ analog), via a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-X "bridging" sequence, yields a trifunctional peptide that has inhibition of the catalytic and anion-binding exo-position in thrombin, while having the same activity on the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb / llla receptor. inhibition. In addition, we have shown that the platelet aggregation inhibitory activity and anticoagulant activity of the peptide are significantly increased when thrombin is a catalytic inhibitor and hirudin₅₅.₆₅ cysteine ​​residues forming disulfide bridges for analog bonding have the (D) configuration. Further activity was observed when phenylalanine was replaced by norleucine in the cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-X "bridging" sequence. This new class of compounds also allows for complementary therapy because of its increased potency and two mechanisms of action.

The present invention relates to

XABCY is a compound of formula (I) wherein

X is a terminal amino group selected from hydrogen, one or two

C 1 -C 6 alkyl, one or two C 2 -C 10 acyl groups, carbobenzyloxy groups, H₂NC (= NH) or tert-butoxycarbonyl;

61,612 / SM. · ·: · ...

·· · ·· ··*

A is A_rTHE₂-THE₃ A peptide analog of formula (2); where

Aj represents (D) Phe, (D) Phg, (D) 1 -Tiq, (D) 3-Tiq, N-Me- (D) Phe, (D) Cha, (D) Chg, (D) Nag, or (D) Thg;

THE₂ denotes Pro, Pip, or It;

THE₃ is Arg, Lys, Orn, or hArg;

B is the peptide analog of formula (3)

Pro-Bj-ÍDjCys'-Bs Bs-Gly-Asp-Pro-ÍDjCys' ^ B-Bj

S ------------------- You are S

Pro-B₁- (D) Cys' B₂'-B₃-Gly-Asp-Nle-Pro-Ala-Asp- (D) Cys' B₁ (4) where

Bj is Gly, Ala, (D) Ala, Val, (D) Val, or Gly-Gly;

B₂ is Gly, Gly-Gly, Gly-Gly-Gly, Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly or any (D) amino acid;

B₂'is Arg-lle-Pro or Lys-lle-Pro;

B₃ is Arg, hArg, N-Me-Arg or Lys;

B₄ is Nle, Phe, Met or Cha;

C is the peptide analog of formula (5)

Asp-C- | -C2C₃~ C4-C5-Cg-C7-Cg-Cg (5) where

C 1 is Phe, pCIPhe, pNO₂Phe, Tha, Npa, Tyr or Trp;

C₂ is Glu or Asp;

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C₃ is any amino acid;

C₄ is He, Val, Leu or Phe;

C₅ is Pro, Hyp, Sar, NMePgl or D-Ala;

C₆ is any amino acid;

C₇ is any amino acid;

C₈ Tyr, Glu, Pro, Ala-Cha, Tyr-Cha, Tyr-Leu and Ala-Tyr;

Cg is a bond or Glu, (D) Glu, Gln, Pro, Leu-Gln, Asp-Glu or Leu-Pro; and

Y is a carboxy-terminal group selected from hydroxy, C 1-6 -alkoxy, amino, mono- or di- (C 1-4) -alkyl-substituted-amino, or benzylamino;

or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful as anticoagulant agents. The present invention also relates to the use of the above compounds in the treatment of acute angioplasty obstruction, blood cell deficiency induced by extracorporeal circulation, myocardial infarction and vascular occlusion following fibrinolysis therapy.

Brief description of the diagrams

First Figure 3B illustrates the effect of peptide (2) on FeCl₃ arterial occlusion over time in rats. The control group is depicted in the non-shaded columns and treatment with peptide (2) is shown in the shaded columns. In the figure, p is the probability, n is the number of animals tested.

Second Fig. 2 is a bar graph showing the effect of peptide (2d) (not according to the present invention) on FeCl;₃ caused by arterial blockage! time in rats. The control group is indicated by the non-darkened columns, while the (2d)

61,612 / SM · · ··

- / - ♦ · · · · · · · · · · ·, the effect of the peptide is indicated by the shaded columns. In the figure, p is the probability and n is the number of animals tested.

Third Figure 1B shows the effect of peptide (1) on thrombin-increased whole blood aggregation. (A) human blood samples, (+) rat blood samples.

4th Effect of peptide infusion of formula (1) on thrombin time in anesthetized dog (A) at 5 nM / kg / min infusion (+) at 1 nM / kg / min. (») The infusion time.

5th Figure 1B: Effect of peptide of formula (1) on aPTT in anesthetized dog (A) 5 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (+) 1 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, () duration of infusion.

6th Figure 1: Effect of (1) peptide on infusion on thrombin platelet aggregation in dogs (A) 5 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (+) 1 nmol / kg / min infusion rate () infusion duration.

7th Effect of peptide (1) on the duration of bleeding in anesthetized dogs (A) 5 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (+) 1 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (») duration of infusion.

8th Influence of peptide (1) infusion on anesthetized dog platelet count, (A) 5 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (+) 1 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (m) duration of infusion.

9th figure; (1) Effect of peptide on mean blood pressure in anesthetized dogs, (A) 5 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (+) 1 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (-) duration of infusion.

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<img file="HUT73187A_D0001.tif" />

10th Figure 1A: Effect of (1) peptide infusion on the rate of cardiac graft in anesthetized dogs. (A) 5 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, (+) 1 nmol / kg / min infusion rate, () infusion duration.

11th Figure 1B is a bar graph showing the effect of peptide (1) on FeCl₃ caused by arterial occlusion in rats. The control is indicated by non-shaded columns, while the peptide-treated group (1) is indicated by shaded columns. In the figure, p is the probability and n is the number of animals tested.

In the present specification, the following abbreviations are used to describe amino acids and amino and carboxy-terminal groups:

Aly (or G) - glycine

Al (or A) - alanine

Val (or V) - valine

Leu (or L) - leucine

He (or I) isoleucine

Pro (or P) - proline

Phe (or F) phenylalanine

Trp (or W) - tryptophan

Ser (or S) - serine

Met (or M) - methionine

Thr (or T) - threonine

Cys (or C) - cysteine

Tyr (or Y) tyrosine

Gin (or Q) - glutamine

Asn (or N) - asparagine

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<img file="HUT73187A_D0002.tif" />

- 9 Asp (or D) - aspartic acid

Glu (or E) - glutamic acid

Lys (or K) - lysine

Arg (or R) - arginine

His (or H) - histidine

<td>Nle</td><td>norleucine</td>

<td>Chg-</td><td>cyclohexylglycine</td>

<td>Cha -</td><td>β-cyclohexyl alanine</td>

<td>Pip -</td><td>pipecolic acid, pipecolic acid or 2-piperidine carboxylic acid</td>

<td>AZT</td><td>2-azetidine carboxylic acid</td>

<td>Orn -</td><td>ornithine</td>

<td>hArg -</td><td>homoarginine</td>

<td>N-Me-Arg -</td><td>N-methyl arginine</td>

N-Me- (D) Phe-N-methyl-D-phenylalanine

<td>Thg-</td><td>3-thienyl-glycine</td>

<td>Nag -</td><td>naphthyl glycine</td>

<td>1-Tiq -</td><td>1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid</td>

<td>3-Tiq -</td><td>1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid</td>

<td>Phg-</td><td>glycine</td>

<td>pCIPhe -</td><td>para-chloro-phenylalanine</td>

<td>PNO₂Phe -</td><td>para-nitro-phenylalanine</td>

<td>Tha -</td><td>3- (2-thienyl-alanine)</td>

<td>Npa -</td><td>B- (2-naphthyl) alanine</td>

<td>Hyp-</td><td>hydroxyproline</td>

<td>Mud -</td><td>sarcosine (N-methylglycine)</td>

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- 10 N-Me-Phg N-methylphenylglycine

Pen penicillamine

Cys' (5)

When two or more amino acids are joined to form a peptide and the elements of water are removed, the residue from each amino acid is referred to herein as an amino acid residue. As a result, the term "amino acid residue" refers to an amino acid that has a hydrogen deficiency at the terminal amino group and / or a hydroxyl group at the carboxy-terminus. As is customary, if a line (-) is used on the front (indicating hydrogen deficiency) and / or on the back (indicating hydroxyl deficiency), before or after the three letter amino acid code or before or after the amino acid derivative code , indicating an amino acid residue.

The Cys' residue represented by the formula (5) means that it is a cysteine ​​residue which does not contain a sulfide group on the R side chain. As shown in formulas (3) and (4), the Cys' residues (D) are linked via a disulfide bond. The disulfide group is bonded to the (D) Cys 'moiety through the methylene group of the (D) Cys' moiety as shown in formula (6).

Note that formulas (5) and (6) may represent (D) or (L) residues.

As used herein, the following abbreviations are used to abbreviate various protecting groups:

Boc = t-butyloxycarbonyl

Bzl = benzyl

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<td>MBZ</td><td>= p-methylbenzyl</td>

<td>CHX</td><td>= cyclohexyl</td>

<td>Tos or Tozil</td><td>= p-toluenesulfonyl</td>

<td>CBZ</td><td>= carbobenzyloxy</td>

<td>BrZ</td><td>= bromobenzyloxycarbonyl</td>

<td>Suc</td><td>= succinyl group</td>

<td>Ac</td><td>= acetyl</td>

<td>PAM</td><td>= phenylacetamidomethyl</td>

The alkyl group or the alkyl group in the alkoxy group may be straight or branched chain or cyclic alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, sec. pentyl, cyclopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, cyclohexyl and cyclopentylmethyl. The C2-C10 acyl group may be a linear, branched or cyclic saturated and unsaturated acyl group which may contain one or two carbonyl groups and may be, for example, an acetyl group, a benzoyl group, a succinyl group, a maleyl group and a glutaryl group. Halogen may be fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.

The term "any amino acid" refers to naturally occurring amino acids and non-protein α-amino acids commonly used in the art, peptide chemistry, to produce synthetic analogs of naturally occurring peptides. Naturally occurring amino acids include glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, methionine, threonine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine, proline, histidine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine, arginine, ornithine and

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- 12 a lysine. Non-protein α-amino acids include norleucine, norvaline, alloisoleucine, homoarginine, thiaproline, dehydroproline, hydroxyproline (Hyp), homoserine, cyclohexylglycine (Chg), α- amino-n-butanoic acid (Aba), cyclohexylalanine (Cha), aminophenylbutanoic acid (Pba), phenylalanines which may have one or two of the following substituents on the phenyl group at the ortho, meta or para position : C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, halo or nitro or methylenedioxy, β-2- and 3-thienylalanine, β-2- and 3-furanylalanine, β-2 -3- and 4-pyridylalanine, β-β-β-thienyl-2- and 3-yl) alanine, β- (1- and 2-naphthyl) alanine, O-alkylated serine derivatives, threonine or tyrosine derivatives, S-alkylated cysteine, O-sulfate ester of tyrosine, 3,5-diiodo-tyrosine and D-isomers of naturally occurring amino acids.

Naturally occurring amino acids, except glycine, contain a chiral carbon atom. Unless otherwise indicated, the optically active amino acids described herein have the L-configuration. The stereochemistry of the carbon atom containing the R substituent may be in the D or L configuration. Where the amino acid is in the D configuration, it is referred to herein as the D-amino acid in the form of (D) -amino acid, or in the alphabetical system with a lower case letter, such as D-phenylalanine, DPhe, (D) Phe or f. As usual in the literature, peptides are described herein with the amino-terminal group on the left and the carboxy-terminal group on the right.

The polypeptides of the invention of formula (I) may form pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts with non-toxic organic or inorganic acids. Suitable acid addition salt forming organs can be used in salt formation

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Examples of non-acid acids include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric and phosphoric acids, and acidic metal salts such as sodium monohydrogen orthophosphate and potassium hydrogen sulfate. Organic acids which form the corresponding salt include, for example, mono-, di- and tri-carboxylic acids. Examples of such acids are acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, hydroxy. maleic acid, benzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, cinnamic acid, salicylic acid, 2-phenoxybenzoic acid, and sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid and 2-hydroxyethane sulfonic acid. Salts formed at the carboxy-terminal amino group may be non-toxic carboxylic acid salts which may be formed with any organic or inorganic base. Such salts include, for example, alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt, Group IIIA light metal salts such as aluminum salt and organic primary, secondary and tertiary amines. formed salts such as trialkylamine salts such as triethylamine salt, procaine salt, dibenzylamine salt, 1-ethanamine salt, Ν, Ν'-dibenzylethylenediamine salt, dihydro-abietylamine salt, the N-lower alkylpiperidine salt or any other suitable amine salt.

The novel peptide compounds of formula (I) of the present invention combine thrombin inhibition and platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb / IIIa receptor antagonism in a single hybrid peptide. The peptides of the invention contain a thrombin catalytic position inhibitor (part A) that binds to a thrombin anion-binding exo-position inhibitor (part C), through a binding moiety comprising a "bridge" and a cyclic RGD-X sequence. which sequence is a GP platelet IIb / IIIa receptor antagonist (part B).

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- 14 Part A is an inhibitor unit that binds to the thrombin catalytic position. This unit, which binds to the catalytic position, binds to the active receptor for thrombin and inhibits or retards the protein-degrading activity of thrombin. The C moiety is a thrombin inhibitory moiety that is characterized by being an moiety linked to an anion binding exo position. Because the permutations of the C moiety or moiety are similar in structure to the carboxy-terminal moiety of hirudin, it is likely that the C moiety readily binds to the anion binding exo-receptors on thrombin.

Part B consists of two functional moieties. One is a so-called "bridge" sequence that provides a link between the catalytic receptor inhibitor (moiety A) and the anion-binding exo-position inhibitor (moiety C), and the other functional group is a cyclic RGD-X glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitory moiety. The "bridge" linking the catalytic receptor inhibitor unit (A moiety) and the anion binding exo-receptor inhibitor moiety (C moiety) is located at the bottom of the cyclic RGD-X sequence. This is the bridging unit B_rcontains Pro, (D) Cys ', and bisulfite bridges linking the two groups of (D) Cys', Part B. Presumably, the catalytic position inhibitory sequence and the anion binding exo position recognition sequence are the appropriate spacers. The connecting "bridge" unit is B and A₃ contains a proline moiety since the natural imide bond is A₃ and Pro group cleave much slower than the amide bond between other amino acid residues. This is a hypothesis, but the present invention is not claimed to play a role in catalytic position-directed inhibitory activity. It is understood, of course, that other amide bond substitutions are amino 61.612 / SM

The acids may be used as functional equivalents, such as reduced amides, esters, ketones, and sulfides.

The cyclic RGD-X glycoprotein IIb / llla inhibitory moiety, which is located between moiety D-Cys of moiety B, inhibits the interaction between fibrinogen and its receptor, glycoprotein IIb / llla. The cyclic RGD-X glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitory moiety may contain from 6 to 11 amino acids in the B moiety of formulas III and IV. Preferably, the cyclic RGD-X glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitory moiety in moiety B is of formula (3) and has 6 to 9 amino acids in formula (3).

In the molecules of the invention, the Pass unit is linked to the amino-terminal group (X) and the A moiety₃ unit is linked to the Pro moiety, which is located on the left side of the B moiety or at the N-terminal end. The Asp residue on the left or N-terminus of the C moiety is linked to the Bt moiety located on the C-terminal or right side of the B moiety.

Some of the compounds of the invention are preferred. Preferred peptide derivatives of formula (I) are those in which formula (I) is

X is hydrogen, acetyl, succinyl or tert-butyloxycarbonyl;

A-ι is (D) Phe, (D) Chg, (D) Cha, (D) Phg, (D) 1-Tiq, (D) 3-Tiq or

N-Me- (D) Phe;

THE₂ is Pro;

THE₃ is Arg or Lys;

B is a group of formula (3) or (4);

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-16 Bj is Gly, Ala or Gly-Gly;

B₂ is Gly, Gly-Gly or any amino acid (D) wherein B is a group of formula (3);

B₂'is Arg-lle-Pro or Lys-lle-Pro when B is a group of formula (4);

B₃ is Arg or N-Me-Arg;

B₄ denotes Nle, Phe, Cha, Met;

C 1 is Phe, Npa or Tyr;

C₂ is Glu or Asp;

C₃ is any amino acid residue;

C₄ is He or Val;

C₅ is Pro, Hyp or (D) Ala;

C₆ is any amino acid residue;

C₇ is Glu, Asp, or Ala;

Cg is Tyr, Glu, Tyr-Leu, Tyr-Cha or Ala-Cha;

C₉ a reporting agent is a bond, (D) Glu, Glu, Gln, Leu-Gln or Leu-Pro;

and

Y is hydroxy, (C 1 -C 6) alkoxy or mono- or di (C 1 -C 4) alkyl-substituted amino.

Also preferred are compounds of the invention represented by formula (I) wherein

X is hydrogen, acetyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl;

Pass is (D) Phe, (D) Phg, (D) 3-Tiq or N-Me- (D) Phe;

THE₂ is Pro;

THE₃ is Arg;

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- 17 B is a group of formula (3) or (4);

Bt is Gly;

B₂ is Gly, (D) Tyr, (D) Val, (D) Thr, or (D) Pro, wherein B is (3);

B₂'is Arg-11le-Pro, wherein B is a group of Formula (4);

B₃ is Arg or N-Me-Arg;

B₄ is Nle or Phe, provided that B₂ is (D) Tyr, (D) Val, (D) Thr, or (D) Pro, wherein B₄ is Nle;

C-ι is Phe or Tyr;

C₂ is Glu;

C₃ is Glu or Pro;

C₄ is Ile;

C₅ is Pro or (D) Ala;

C₆ is Glu or Ala;

C₇ is Glu;

C₈ is Tyr, Tyr-Leu, Tyr-Cha or Ala-Cha;

C₉ represents a bond or (D) Glu; and

Y is hydroxy, (C 1 -C 6) alkoxy or mono- or di (C 1 -C 4) alkyl-substituted amino.

Particularly preferred are the peptide derivatives of the present invention represented by formula (I) wherein

X is hydrogen, acetyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl;

A-, represents (D) Phe, (D) Phg, (D) 3-Tiq or N-Me- (D) Phe;

THE₂ is Pro;

THE₃ is Arg;

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- 18 B is a group of formula (3);

B₁ is Gly;

B₂ is Gly, (D) Tyr, (D) Val, (D) Thr or (D) Pro;

B₃ is Arg;

B₄ is Nle vahy Phe, provided that, if B₂ is (D) Tyr, (D) Val, (D) Thr or (D) Pro, then B₄ is Nle;

C 1 is Phe;

C₂ is Glu;

C₃ is Pro;

C₄ is Ile;

C₅ is Pro;

C₆ is Glu or Ala;

C₇ is Glu;

C₈ is Tyr, Tyr-Cha or Ala-Cha;

Cg is a bond or (D) Glu; and

Y is hydroxy or C 1-6 alkoxy.

The peptides of the invention may be prepared in a variety of ways according to the methods described in the literature. Such a production process may be, without limitation, a solid phase sequential process which may be carried out by an automated method such as an automatic peptide synthesizer. The process involves binding the α-amino protected amino acids to a resin support. The resin carrier used may be any suitable resin used in the art for solid phase polypeptide production processes. Preferably, the resin used is polystyrene which is in the range of 0.5 to ca. Cured with 3% divinylbenzene. This resin may be chloromethylated or hydroxymethylated

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-19 and thus can form an ester bond with the initially introduced α-amino protected amino acids.

One applicable hydroxymethyl resin is described in Bodanszky et al., Chem. Ind. (London) 38, 1597-98 (1966). A process for the production of a chloromethyl resin (commercially available from Bio Rad Laboratories, Richmond, California) and the resin is described in Stewart et al., "Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis" (Freeman &amp; Co., San Francisco 1969) Chapter 1, 1-6. The protected amino acid can be coupled to the resin following the procedure described in Gisin, Location. Chem. Acta, 56, 1476 (1973). For example, if a polypeptide having a carboxy-terminal residue of (D) Glu is to be coupled, a Boc-D-Glu (Bzl) molecule is coupled with chloromethylated polystyrene in the form of a cesium salt to a concentration of ca. At 50 ° C.

After the α-amino acid is attached to the resin by any suitable method, the protecting group may be removed, for example, using a methanolic solution of trifluoroacetic acid, using trifluoroacetic acid alone or using HCl in dioxane. Deprotection is carried out at a temperature between 0 ° C and room temperature. Other reagents for standard cleavage may be used to remove each of the α-amino protecting groups. Once the α-amino acid protecting group is removed, other α-amino protected amino acids can be sequentially attached to the molecule in the desired order. Alternatively, several amino acid residues may be coupled in solution and the resulting sequence coupled to the resin bound amino acid sequence.

61,612 / SM • · · ·

-20 The α-amino protecting group used in certain amino acids introduced into the polypeptide sequence may be any such protecting group known in the art. The α-amino protecting groups may be of the following types: (1) acyl-type protecting groups such as formyl, trifluoroacetyl, phthalyl, toluenesulfonyl (tosyl), benzenesulfonyl , nitrophenylsulfenyl, tritylsulfenyl, o-nitrophenoxyacetyl and a-chlorobutyryl; (2) aromatic urea-type protecting groups such as benzyloxycarbonyl and substituted benzyloxycarbonyl such as p-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, p-bromo benzyloxycarbonyl, p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 1- (p-biphenylyl) -1-methylethoxycarbonyl, a, a-dimethyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl and benzhydryloxycarbonyl; (3) aliphatic urea-type protecting groups such as tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc), diisopropylmethoxycarbonyl, isoporpiloxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and allyloxycarbonyl; (4) cycloalkyl urea-type protecting groups such as cyclopentyloxycarbonyl, adamantyloxycarbonyl and cyclohexyloxycarbonyl; (5) thiourea-type protecting groups such as phenylthiocarbonyl; (6) alkyl-type protecting groups such as triphenylmethyl (trityl) and benzyl; and (7) trialkylsilyl groups such as trimethylsilyl. A preferred α-amino protecting group is tert-butoxycarbonyl.

The choice of the appropriate coupling reagent is known in the art. If the amino acid to be introduced is Gin, Asn or Arg, the particularly preferred coupling reagent is Ν, Ν'-diisopropylcarbodiimide and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole. The use of these reagents prevents nitrile and lactam

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- 21 formation. Other applicable coupling reagents include: (1) carbodiimides [e.g., Ν, Ν'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and N-ethyl-N '- (γ-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide]; (2) cyanamides (e.g., N, N-dibenzyl cyanamide); (3) keteneimines; (4) isoxazolium salts (e.g., N-ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3'-sulfonate); (5) monocyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic amides which are aromatic and contain from 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms (e.g., imidazolides, pyrazolids and 1,2,4-triazolides); preferred heterocyclic amides are, for example, N, N'-carbonyldiimidazole and N, N'-carbonyldi-1,2,4-triazole; (6) alkoxylated acetylenes (e.g., ethoxyacetylene); (7) reagents forming anhydrides mixed with the carboxyl group of the amino acid (e.g., ethyl chloroformate and isobutyl chloroformate) or symmetric anhydrides of the amino acid to be coupled (e.g., Boc-Ala-O-Ala-Boc) and (8) nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds; containing a hydroxy group on one of the nitrogen atoms of the ring (e.g., N-hydroxyphthalimine, N-hydroxysuccinimide and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole). Other activating reagents for peptide coupling are described in Kapoor, J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 1-27 (1970). In our process, symmetric anhydride is preferably used as the coupling reagent, except for Arg, Asn and Gln.

All protected amino acids or amino acid sequences are used in the solid phase reactor in an excess of about two to about four times. The coupling is carried out in dimethylformamide / dichloromethane 1: 1 or in dimethylformamide alone or in dichloromethane alone. If incomplete coupling occurs, the coupling procedure is repeated before the α-amino protecting group is removed, which must be done before the next amino acid is introduced into the solid phase reactor. In each step, the coupling reaction takes place during synthesis

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- 22 Ninhydrin reactions were checked by E. Kaiser et al., Analyt. Biochem. 34, 595 (1970).

After the desired amino acid sequence has been prepared, the peptide is cleaved from the resin according to methods known in the art. For example, the cleavage reaction may be accomplished by treating the resin-bound polypeptide with a 5% solution of anisole in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride.

As is well known in the art of solid phase peptide synthesis, it contains several amino acid functional groups which are protected by chain-forming reactions. The choice of protecting groups used in such cases will be readily accomplished by those skilled in the art and will depend upon the type of amino acid and the characteristics of other protected amino acid residues in the peptide. The choice of protecting groups for amino acids containing a functional group in such a side chain is crucial since these protecting groups are such that they cannot be cleaved when deprotected to the? -Amino group. For example, the hydroxyl group of the carboxyl group of aspartic acid and the hydroxyl group of the glutamic acid carboxyl group may be protected with a benzyl group or a cyclohexyl group. A preferred protecting group is benzyl.

Such side chain protecting groups may be removed by methods well known in the art. Typically, the removal of such protecting groups is accomplished when the complete peptide chain is prepared. For example, the peptide may be deprotected at the same time as the peptide is cleaved from the resin. This is the cleavage and protecting group removal! The reaction may be carried out by treatment with anisole in 5% anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. The protecting groups may also be removed by other appropriate steps.

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-23- ·..· .:. ..·

The anti-coagulant and antiplatelet dose of the peptide analog of the invention is between 0.2 mg / kg body weight and 250 mg / kg body weight / day, depending on the type of patient, the severity of the thrombotic disease and the type of peptide analogue selected. The dosage to be used in each patient may be readily determined. A preferred dose is one to four times daily, typically containing from 5 mg to 100 mg of active ingredient per dose.

Anticoagulant therapy is generally used to treat or prevent a variety of thrombotic diseases, such as coronary artery and cerebrovascular disease, such as coronary artery obstruction and the dissolution of such clots (blood clots). Platelet therapy is used to prevent myocardial infarction and stroke from recurring. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize diseases when anti-coagulant or antiplatelet therapy is required. It is believed that the peptides of the invention are particularly advantageous in the treatment of coronary thrombosis, which may occur after angioplasty, as they prevent thrombocytopenia in the limb circulation, and can be used in the treatment of occlusion after fibrinolytic therapy and delayed onset of myocardial infarction.

The term "patient" as used herein generally refers to mammals such as primates, including humans, which may include sheep, horses, cattle, pigs, dogs, cats, rats, and mice.

Some peptide derivatives of the present invention will survive oral administration, however, non-oral administration of compounds, such as subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular or intraperitoneal administration, is recommended.

-24- · .. ·.:. And, furthermore, implantation by injection by implantation or administration to the mucous membrane, such as the nasal, throat and lung bronchial arosol, which aerosol may contain the peptide derivative of the invention in the form of a spray or dry powder.

For parenteral administration, the compounds of the invention may be administered in the form of a solution or suspension in injectable dosage form, which may be suspended or dissolved in a physiologically acceptable diluent. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be a sterile liquid such as water and oils and may contain surfactants and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Examples of suitable oils are petroleum, animal, vegetable and synthetic oils such as peanut oil, soybean oil and mineral oil. In general, water, physiological saline, aqueous dextrose and similar sugar solutions, ethanol and glycols such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol are preferably used in the preparation of injectable solutions.

Examples

1-12. Examples 1 to 5 show in detail the process for preparing the peptides of formula (1). The examples are illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. 1-12. The reagents and starting materials used in the Examples are readily available to those skilled in the art. 1-12. In the examples, the following terms are used: "DCM" dichloromethane; "DIEA" diisopropylethylamine; "MeOH" methanol; "DCC" N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; "DMF" for N, N'-dimethylformamide; "HOBt" 1 -hydroxybenzotriazole; TFA trifluoroacetic acid; Eq equivalent; "Meq" milliequivalents; Gram "g"; Mg mg; "Mmol" millimol; "Ml" milliliter; "° C" degrees Celsius; "TLC" thin-layer chromatography; "Rf" retention index; ,, μΙ "

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- 25 ·· · «microliter; μς micrograms; "μΓπ" micromol "; "Hgmm" millimeters of mercury and "δ" parts per million relative to tetramethylsilane.

First Preparation of Example 1 (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp ss \

Pro-lle-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys'-Pro-Nle I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH

Boc- (D) Glu (Bzl) -Pam Resin (Peninsula Laboratories, Belmont, California) step by step! by deprotection and coupling reaction using the appropriate sequence Boc amino acids using Dupont 250 semiautomatic peptide synthesizer as follows:

Reagent / Solvent

DCM

MeOH

DCM

TFA: Anisole: DCM (48: 2: 50)

TFA: Anisole: DCM (48: 2: 50)

DCM

DIEAOCM (10:90)

DCM

Boc-amino acid

DMF

DCM

DIEA-.DCM (10:90)

Time (seconds)

1200

1800

Repeat number

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-26- ·..· .:. ..·

All Boc amino acids are coupled to form a symmetric anhydride and used in a double excess except for Arg which is used in a four-fold excess in the form of the HOBt ester. Symmetric anhydrides are prepared by the following procedure.

Dissolve the equivalent of Boc-amino acid in dichloromethane and add 0.5m DCC / DCM (2 equivalents). The reaction mixture was stirred for 5 minutes. During the formation of the symmetrical anhydride, dicyclohexylurea precipitates as a precipitate which is filtered off. The filtrate is then added to the peptide resin and the coupling reaction is diluted with an equivalent volume of dimethylformamide.

The HOBt Arg ester was similarly prepared. Dissolve 4 equivalents of Boc-Arg (Tos) in dichloromethane. Then, 4 equivalents of 0.5m HOBt / DMF was added and 0.5m DCC / DCM (4 equivalents) was added. The precipitated dicyclohexylurea is filtered off and the filtrate is added to the peptide resin and the resulting coupling mixture is diluted with an equivalent volume of DMF.

At the end of each coupling reaction, the peptide-resin mixture is assayed for the presence of free amine. This is determined by the Kaiser ninhydrin method, which is known in the art. If necessary, amino acid re-coupling is also performed.

According to the above procedure, Boc-D-Glu (Bzl) -Pan resin from Peninsula Laboratories, Belmont, California (8.06 g, 0.31 meq / gm, 2.5 mmol) was prepared as a peptide to yield the following peptide. yielding (D) -Phe¹-ProArg (Tos) -Pro-Gly⁵- (D) Cys (MBz) -Gly-Arg (Tos) -Gly-Asp (CHx)¹⁰-Nle-Pro61.612 / SM • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

(D) Cys (MBz) -Gly-Asp (Chx)¹⁵-Tyr (BrZ) -Glu (Bzl) -Pro-Ile-Pro²⁰-Glu (Bzl) -Glu (Bzl) Ala-Cha- (D) Glu (Bzl) -Pam resin (19.4 g peptide resin). The procedure involves repeated coupling using the following molar equivalent symmetric anhydride: Boc-Cha²⁴, Boc-Glu (Bzl)²¹, Boc-Tyr (BrZ)¹⁶, Boc-Asp (Chx)¹⁵, Boc- (D) Cys (Mbz)⁶, Boc-Pro⁴, Boc-Pro² and Boc- (D) Phe¹. A Boc-Arg (Tos)² coupling is repeated using a double excess of HOBt ester form in a ready-made fashion. The product was then isolated using acetic anhydride: DIEA: DCM (10: 5: 85).

The peptide resin material prepared above is (D) -Phe¹-Pro-Arg (Tos) -Pro-Gly⁵- (D) Cys (MBz) -Gly-Arg (Tos) -Gly-Asp (CHx)¹⁰-Nle-Pro- (D) Cys (MBz) -Gly-Asp (Chx)¹⁵-Tyr (BrZ) -Glu (Bzl) -Pro-Ile-Pro²⁰-Glu (Bzl) -Glu (Bzl) -Ala-Cha- (D) Glu (Bzl) -Pam resin, then divided into five portions. All portions are cleaved and deprotected and cyclized using the following reactions. 3.88 g of peptide resin are dissolved in 20 ml of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in the presence of 5% anisole. The reaction mixture was stirred for ca. For 30 minutes, approx. Stir at 0 ° C. The hydrogen fluoride was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was extracted with 50% acetic acid (2 x 10 mL), acetic acid (2 x 5 mL) and water (3 x 10 mL). The extracts were diluted with 1 L of water and the solution adjusted to pH 8.5 with ammonium hydroxide. Subsequently, 1.0 m (about 55 ml) of K was added to the mixture₃Fe (CN)₆ reagent is added. Addition was continued for 15 minutes while the yellow color was maintained. The mixture was then stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 4.0 with acetic acid. Subsequently, AG3 x 4A, Bio-Rad anion exchange resin was added. The mixture was stirred until the yellow color disappeared. Subsequently, the

The resin is filtered off and the filtrate is lyophilized to give the crude product peptide.

The crude peptide was dissolved in 50% acetic acid and applied to a 2.5 x 70 cm Sephadex G-10 column. The column is then inclined for approx. Elute at a flow rate of 10.5 ml / h with 50% acetic acid. The peptide is ca. Elute at 70-150 ml. This eluate was diluted with water and lyophilized to give 6.17 g of product. The desired material is then reversed-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Dynamax C₁₈, 21.4 x 250 mm, with Rainin) approx. It is purified using a flow rate of 40 ml / min. The eluent was 0.1% aqueous TFA / acetonitrile. The Beckman Prep 350 system was used for separation to give 1.3 g of pure peptide.

(SEQ ID NO: 1) (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp \

SS \

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Nle

I Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH

The peptides of the following examples were prepared by the above or analogous procedure.

Second Example (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp \

SS \ Pro-lle-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys'-Pro-Phe

I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ JD NO: 2)

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- 29 (D) Phg-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp

SS \

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Nle

I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 20)

4th Example (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp \

SS \

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Met

I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 11)

5th Example (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp \

SS

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Cha

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 12)

6th Example (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys' - (D) Tyr-Arg-Gly-Asp /

SS / \ ¹

Pro-lle-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys'-Pro-Nle l

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 15)

61,612 / SM •• 4 · 4 ·· • «· * • · · · 4 ·

7th Example (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys' - (D) Val-Arg-Gly-Asp1._s

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Nle

I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH

8th Example (D) Phg-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys' - (D) Thr-Arg-Gly-Asp /

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Nle

I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 18)

9th Example (D) Phg-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-(D) Oys' - (D) Pro-Arg-Gly-Asp

SS / \ ^z

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Nle

I

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 19)

10th example

3- (D) Tiq-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp x /

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Pro-Nle

Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 21)

61,612 / SM:

<img file="HUT73187A_D0003.tif" />

11th example

N-Me- (D) Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys' Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp

X SS

Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys'-Pro-Nle Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 22).

12th Example (D) Phg-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly- (D) Cys'-Arg-lle-Pro-Arg z ss Z

Tyr-Asp-Gly- (D) Cys' Asp-Ala-Pro-Nle-Asp-Gly

I Glu-Pro-Ile-Pro-Glu-Glu-Ala-Cha- (D) Glu-OH (SEQ ID NO: 10)

Biological test tests

As described above, the compounds of the invention significantly inhibit thrombin, indicating that they are potent anticoagulants. The agents of the invention are useful in the treatment of venous and arterial thrombotic diseases, as well as asthmatic angina, and the prevention of sudden vessel occlusion following coronary angioplasty, or thrombolysis with orthopedic deep vein therapy. Since the compounds of the present invention further comprise a cyclic RGD-X sequence located in the B linker, they also have platelet GP IIb / IIIa receptor antagonist activity.

Antocoagulant and antithrombotic effects of Example 2 peptide

The peptide of Example 2 (peptide 2) (SEQ ID NO: 2), containing a catalytic thrombin inhibitor (fPR), is a hirudin₅₅.₆₅ with the analogue 61,612 / SM va, where the coupling is provided by a cyclic platelet GP IIb / IIIa receptor antagonist (RGD-X), we tested and compared its effect with the activity of each constituent peptide. The following experimental method and apparatus is a proposed apparatus and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Experimental animals

Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300-400 g, manufactured by Sprague Dawley, Inc., Indianapolis, IN 46229, were used in these studies.

Blood sampling

Blood samples can be taken with a plastic syringe containing 3.8% trisodium citrate (1:10). Plasma was obtained by centrifugation at 2000 g for 10 minutes. Venous blood was collected from healthy male drug-free volunteers in in vitro studies.

Coagulation test

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was determined using the method and reagents of Dade Diagnostics, Inc. (Aguada, Puerto Rico 00602). Blood coagulation time was determined by incubating 0.1 ml of rat plasma at 37 ° C with 0.1 ml of 0.1 m Tris pH 7.5 for 30 minutes. Coagulation was performed by adding 0.1 ml bovine thrombin (Sigma Diagnostics, St. Louis, MO 63178), 12 NIH units / ml solution. Blood coagulation time was measured semi-automatically using an MLA-Electra 750 automatic coagulation timer manufactured by MLA, Inc. (Pleasantville, NY 10570). To double the clotting time (ID₂) was calculated by simple linear regression.

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- 33 In vitro platelet aggregation

Human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was prepared by centrifugation of the blood sample at 200 g for 10 minutes at room temperature. Platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was prepared by centrifugation of the blood sample at 2000 g for 10 minutes. The PRP sample was exposed to a plastic laboratory container only. All experiments were performed within 3 hours of the time the blood sample was taken. Platelet aggregation was determined by photometric measurement using a dual beam aggregometer (Chronogog Corp., Haverstown, PA 19083). 100% light transmission was determined using autologous PPP. The maximum percentage change in light transmission was measured by PRP after administration of ADP (1 pm) or thrombin. Thrombin (0.2-2.0 U / ml) induced platelet aggregation is concentration dependent and half maximal concentration was used in inhibition assays. Peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) was incubated with PRP (0.45 mL) for 30 minutes prior to administration of ADP or thrombin. Aggregation was measured in total volumes of 0.5 ml. Inhibitory activity is expressed as percent inhibition by comparison with control values. Concentration causing 50% inhibition of aggregation (IC₅₀) by simple linear regression calculation.

FeCL arterial thrombosis model in rats (in vivo)

The in vivo anti-thrombotic activity of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) was also used in the evaluation. For example, we investigated the anti-thrombotic activity of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) on platelet-dependent thrombin-mediated FeCl₃in an induced rat carotid artery thrombosis model, RJ Broersma et al., Thromb. Gap. 64, 405-412 (1991), which is incorporated herein by reference.

61,612 / SM * ··

-34- ·..· .:.

Results

The results of the studies show that peptide 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2) is more potent than some of its components in anticoagulant and antithrombin activity in plasma coagulation and platelet aggregation assay.

In the results tables, the amino acid residues in the peptide sequence are designated by the one-letter designation, with the exception of some modified amino acids and / or protecting groups, which are designated by the three-letter designation and are enclosed in parentheses. In addition, the disulfide bonds linking the (D) Cys 'residues are indicated by underlining the two (D) Cys' moieties and all such residues are located in the bridging portion of the B moiety.

Table I Anticoagulant activity of peptide (2) in human plasma compared to its components

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">ID₂ pm</td>

<td>aPTT</td><td>Thrombin time</td>

<td> 2</td><td>fPRPGcGRGDFPcGDYEPIPEEAíChaje</td><td> 0,060</td><td> 0,024</td>

<td>2a</td><td>cGRGDFPc</td><td></td><td> &gt;1,000</td>

<td>2b</td><td>(Suc) YEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 4</td><td> 0,564</td>

<td>2c</td><td>fPRPG</td><td> &gt;1000</td><td> 510</td>

<td>2d</td><td>(CH₃) FPR</td><td> 2</td><td> 0,587</td>

ID₂ value is the concentration required to double the clotting time in the triplicate experiments, aPTT is the activated partial thromboplastin time.

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Table I shows the anticoagulant activity of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) compared to its components, peptide (2a) (SEQ ID NO: 3), peptide (2b) (SEQ. ID NO: 4), the activity of the peptide (2c) (SEQ ID NO: 5) and the peptide (2d) (SEQ ID NO: 6) by determining the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and thrombin time in human plasma. Peptides (2a) to (2d) (SEQ ID NOs: 3-6) are not part of the invention. When used in the aPTT and thrombin time assay at 60 nm and 24 nm, the peptides (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) doubled the (ID2) aPTT time and thrombin time. The peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) has at least 20-fold greater activity than either the peptide (2b) (SEQ ID NO: 4) or the peptide (2d) (SEQ ID NO: 2). 6) (stable catalytic position inhibitor Me-fPR), while peptide 2c (SEQ ID NO: 5) (pfapPeptide azfPRPG) shows only a much higher concentration of anticoagulant activity. The peptide (2a) (SEQ ID NO: 3) (the cyclic RGD-X peptide) is inactive as an anticoagulant.

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.....

• · · · • ·

- 36 II, Table

Effect of Peptide of Formula 2 on Coagulation and Platelet Formation in Rat and Human Test Assays

<td rowspan="2"></td><td>Rat</td><td>Human</td>

<td colspan="2">ID₂, nm</td>

<td>Acticoagulant activity</td><td> 181±43</td><td> 60±18</td>

<td>Thrombin time</td><td> 116±12</td><td> 24±7</td>

<td></td><td colspan="2">IC₅₀, μΜ</td>

<td>Inhibition of platelet aggregation ADP</td><td> 65±2</td><td> 19±5</td>

<td>thrombin</td><td> 0,014±0,002</td><td> 0,060±0,026</td>

ID₂ is the concentration required to double blood clotting times in three replicate assays. aPTT is the activated partial thromboplastin time.

II. Table 4 shows the effect of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) on rat plasma. The ID₂ concentration for aPTT time and thrombin time approx. 181 nm and 116 nm respectively. Peptide of Formula 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2)

3-5 times less active anticoagulant in rat plasma when compared to its activity in human plasma.

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<img file="HUT73187A_D0004.tif" />

III. Spreadsheet

Inhibition of human platelet aggregation

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">ID₂ pm</td>

<td>ADP</td><td>thrombin</td>

<td> 2</td><td>fPRPGcGRGDFPcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 19</td><td> 0,060</td>

<td>2a</td><td>cGRGDFPc</td><td> 20</td><td> 13</td>

<td>2b</td><td>(Suc) YEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 895</td><td> 3</td>

<td>2d</td><td>(CH₃) FPR</td><td> &gt;1,000</td><td> 0,2</td>

The ID₅₀ value is the concentration required to reduce platelet aggregation in PRP by 50% compared to control aggregation. The experiments were performed in two parallel test trials.

III. Table II shows that ADP and thrombin-induced human platelet aggregation is inhibited by peptide 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2). The concentration that inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation by 50% is IC₅₀ about 19 pmol. This concentration is similar to that of the RGD-X peptide in the IC of peptide 2a (SEQ ID NO: 3).₅₀ = 20 pmol. Antithrombin-acting peptides peptide 2b (SEQ ID NO: 4) and peptide 2d (SEQ ID NO: 6) are essentially inactive inhibitors of ADP-induced platelet aggregation (IC₅₀) values ​​of 895 pmol and&gt; 1000 pmol, respectively. The peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and, in this inhibition, IC₅₀ 60 nmol. This peptide is more active than its component peptides in the inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by the peptide of formula 2b (SEQ ID NO: 4) (IC₅₀ = 2 pm), the (2d) is 61,612 / SM

- peptide of formula 38 (SEQ ID NO: 6) (IC₅₀ 200 nm) and the peptide of formula 2a (SEQ ID NO: 3) (IC₅₀ = 13 μιτιοΙ).

In contrast, ADP- or thrombin-induced platelet formation in the rat is represented by the peptide of formula 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2), respectively.₅₀ = 65 pmol and 14 nm respectively (see Table II). As a result, peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) is 3-4 times less active in rat plasma than in human platelet rich plasma.

ARC. Effect of peptide of formula (2) on arterial thrombosis in rats

<td rowspan="2">(2) Peptides (Nmol / kg / min)^the</td><td rowspan="2">n</td><td colspan="2">Occupation time (minutes)</td><td rowspan="2">Number of animal Okkluált / treated</td>

<td>control</td><td>Handled</td>

<td> 10</td><td> 6</td><td> 15,2±2,0</td><td> 26,3±5,4*</td><td> 5/6</td>

<td> 25</td><td> 5</td><td> 16,9±1,1</td><td> 50,8±5,4**</td><td> 2/5</td>

<td> 50</td><td> 5</td><td> 16,8±1,8</td><td>55.5 ± 10.8 * b</td><td> 1/5</td>

^the FeCI₃ infusion given 15 minutes prior to treatment for 60 minutes;

^b Closing time&gt; 90 minutes (n = 4);

* p &lt;0.05 compared to control;

** p &lt;0.01 compared to control.

The peptide of formula (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) is FeCl₃-induced antithrombotic activity in an induced rat carotid artery thrombosis model. Thrombosis obstruction is reduced in a dose-dependent manner when peptide 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2) is administered by continuous intravenous infusion and by administration of FeCl to the arteries in rats.₃ 1 hour prior to dosing, dosed at 10, 25 and 50

61,612 / SM ···· · ·· · · · · · ·

- 39 - ·· * · ί. · · Nmol / kg / min (see Figure 1). Blockage in the 5 rats tested can be prevented by administering a dose of 50 nmol / kg / min. When dosed at 25 and 10 mmol / kg / min, blockage in 5 rats

It can be prevented in 3 or 1 in 6 rats. The catalytic position of antithrombin (2d peptide (SEQ ID NO: 6) dose-dependently prolongs occlusion! time at 50, 100 and 200 nmol / kg / min infusion (see Figure 2).

Table V Effect of peptide and component peptide of formula 2 on arterial thrombosis in rats

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Dose</td><td rowspan="2">n</td><td colspan="2">Occlusion time (minutes)</td><td rowspan="2">Number of animal Okkluált / treated</td>

<td>control</td><td>Handled</td>

<td> 2</td><td>THE</td><td> 5</td><td> 16,8±1,8</td><td> 55,5±10,8*</td><td> 1/5</td>

<td>2a</td><td>B</td><td> 4</td><td> 18,5±1,2</td><td> 19,1±2,0</td><td> 4/4</td>

<td>2b</td><td>C</td><td> 6</td><td> 16,9+1.9</td><td> 22,4±7,1</td><td> 5/6</td>

<td>2d</td><td>D</td><td> 5</td><td> 19,3±1,5</td><td> 44,1 + 1,0**</td><td> 1/5</td>

^the FeCI₃ infusion over 60 minutes starting 15 minutes prior to treatment * p &lt;0.05 compared to control;

** p &lt;0.01 compared to control;

A - 50 nmol / kg / min iv

B - 100 nmol / kg / min iv

C - 500 nmol / kg / min iv

D - 200 nmol / kg / min iv

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- At a dose of 40 50 nmol / kg / min, 4 out of 5 rats can be blocked. Neither the 500 nmol / kg / min dose of the hirudin analogue peptide (2b) (SEQ ID NO: 4) nor the cyclic RGD-X peptide (2a) (SEQ ID NO: 3) was 100 nmol / kg. A dose of 1 min / min did not prevent blockage in this rat model.

VI. The effect of intravenous administration of a peptide of Formula 2 in a coagulation assay³

<td rowspan="2">(2) Peptide nmol / kg / min</td><td colspan="2">Multiple control</td>

<td>aPTT °</td><td>Thrombin time</td>

<td> 10</td><td> 2,9±0,7(5)</td><td> 3,9±0,5(5)</td>

<td> 25</td><td> 3,6±1,2(4)</td><td> 5,8±1,8(4)</td>

<td> 50</td><td> 3,7±0,7(2)</td><td> 4,2+0,4(2)</td>

^the Blood samples are FeCI₃was taken from rats at the end of the induced arterial occlusion test ^baPTT activated partial thromboplastin time (n = number of rats)

The peptide of Example 1 exhibits anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity

The peptide of formula (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) of Example 1, similarly to the peptide of formula (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2), is a catalytic receptor thrombin inhibitor (fPR) and a related hirudin₅₅_₆₅ analog and the linker cyclic platelet GP IIb / IIIa receptor antagonist (RGD-X) unit. The effect of this peptide of formula (1) was compared to that of each component peptide. The peptide of formula (I) (SEQ ID NO: 1) is an analog of the peptide of formula (SEQ ID NO: 2), wherein the peptide of formula (SEQ ID NO: 2) is present in the cyclic RGD-X sequence. )

61,612 / SM. 41 - ·· ·:.

the phenylalanine unit (Phe) was replaced by norleucine (Nle). In the assay, the peptide of formula 1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) was compared to the peptide of formula 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2), the peptide of formula 3 (SEQ ID NO: 7) - An analogue of peptide (1) in which the anion-binding exo-binding unit (moiety C) is omitted - and peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8) is an analogue of peptide (1), which contains only natural L-amino acids. In addition, we investigated peptide 5 (SEQ ID NO: 9), an analog of peptide 1 (SEQ ID NO: 1), which contains a 10 amino acid RGD-X bridge and only L-natural amino acids contains - and this peptide was compared with the peptide (6) (Figure 12). (peptide of Example 1) (SEQ ID NO: 10) - an analog of peptide of formula (1) containing a 10 amino acid RGD-X linkage - and the role of RGD-X linkage in the activity of the peptides of the invention was determined. . The peptides of formulas (1), (2) and (6) (SEQ ID NO: 1,2 and 10) are peptides of the invention, while the peptides (3) to (5) (SEQ ID NO: 7-9) are not within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the experimental devices described below are purely illustrative and suggested and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Experimental animals

The studies used Sprague-Dawley rats, available from Sprague-Dawley Inc. (Indianapolis, IN 46229), weighing 300-400 g, and mixed-breed dogs (both sexes, 6-11 kg).

The dogs were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (30 mg / kg, iv). The femoral artery and femoral vein were isolated and a cannula was inserted.

- 42 for pressure measurement (Gould P23ID, Gould Inc., Medical Products Division, Oxnard, CA 93030) and for blood sampling and drug delivery. Subcutaneous injected limb leads were subjected to II ECG measurement. Blood pressure and ECG measurements were recorded (Gould 440 recorder, Gould Inc., Instrument Systems Division, Cleveland, OH 44114).

Blood samples reception

Blood samples were collected in plastic syringes containing 3.8% trisodium citrate (1:10). Plasma was prepared by centrifugation using a sample force of 2000 g for 10 minutes. For in vitro studies, venous blood was obtained from healthy, drug-free male volunteers.

Coagulation test, template bleeding time and hematology

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was measured by Dade Diagnostics, Inc. (Aguada, Puerto Rico 00601) and reagents. Thrombin clotting time was measured by incubating 0.1 ml rat plasma at 37 ° C with 0.1 ml 0.1 M Tris buffer pH 7.5 for 30 minutes. Coagulation was initiated with 0.1 ml bovine thrombin (Sigma Diagnostics, St. Louis, MO 63178) (12 NIH units / ml solution). All coagulation times were determined semi-automatically by an NLA-Electra 750 automatic coagulation timer (MLA, Inc. (Pleasantville, NY 10570)). The concentration required to double the clotting time (ID₂) by simple linear regression calculation. at_1/2 value for antithrombin activity (thrombin time) was determined after infusion of peptide of formula (SEQ ID NO: 1) at a dose of 1 and 5 nmol / kg / min. The t_1/2 was estimated by linear regression calculation of time-response data.

61,612 / SM «

- 43 Template bleeding time was determined on the middle surface of the left foot after shaving (Nair, Carter-Wallace, Inc., New York, NY 10105). A Surgicutt® bleeding timer (International Technidyne Corp., Edison, NJ 08820) was used for measurement. Template bleeding time was determined 60 and 30 minutes prior to drug administration and then 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after drug administration.

Whole blood cell count and hemoglobin content analysis was performed on 140 μΙ blood samples, which were subjected to anticoagulation treatment with EDTA. Measurement was performed using a hematology analyzer (Technicon H1, Miles Technicon, Tarrytown, NY 10591). Samples were taken 60 and 30 minutes prior to drug administration and 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes after drug administration.

Tissue aqqration test

Human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was prepared by centrifugation of the blood sample at 200 g for 10 minutes at room temperature. Platelet poor plasma (PPP) was prepared by centrifuging the blood sample at 2000 g for 10 minutes. The PRP sample was exposed to a plastic laboratory container only. All assay experiments were completed within 3 hours of blood collection. Platelet aggregation was measured photometrically using a Chrono-log two-channel aggregometer (Chrono-log Corp., Haverstown, PA 19083). 100% light transmission was determined using autologous PPP. The percent change in maximum light transmittance was determined using PRP after administration of ADP (1 μΙ) or thrombin. Thrombin (0.2-2.0 units / ml) induced platelet aggregation is concentration dependent and half maximal concentration was used in the inhibition assay. The peptide of formula 2 (SEQ ID NO

61 612 / SM

-44 NO: 2) Incubated with 0.45 ml PRP for 30 seconds before adding ADP or thrombin. Aggregation was measured in all samples with a volume of 0.5 ml. The inhibitory response was expressed as percent inhibition relative to control values. The concentration resulting in 50% inhibition of aggregation (IC₅₀) using simple linear regression.

Blood platelet aggregation was formed in a blood sample diluted with physiological saline (1: 2) citrate and measured using a whole blood aggregometer (Chrono-log 540-VS model). Aliquots of diluted blood were placed in plastic cuvettes and incubated for 15 minutes at 37 ° C. Aggregation was induced by the addition of ADP (2 pmol) or thrombin (0.4 U / ml). The change in electrical impedance was recorded with a tape recorder. Aggregation was measured in a total volume of 1.0 ml of blood. The inhibitory effect was expressed as the percentage inhibition compared to control values. Concentration resulting in 50% inhibition of aggregation (IC₅₀) using simple linear regression.

FeCl₃ arterial thrombosis model in rats (in vivo)

The in vivo antithrombotic activity of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) in rats was also measured to demonstrate the properties of the compound. For example, we evaluated the anti-thrombotic activity of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) by platelet-dependent thrombin-mediated FeCl₃-induced rat carotid thrombosis model by RJ Broersma et al., Thromb. Gap. 64, 405-412 (1991), which is incorporated herein by reference.

61 612 / SM

Results

The results of the studies show that peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) is unexpectedly more potent than peptide (3) (SEQ ID NO: 7), peptide (4) ( SEQ ID NO: 8) or even the peptide of formula (SEQ ID NO: 2) for inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet aggregation.

<img file="HUT73187A_D0005.tif" />

VII. Spreadsheet

Anticoagulant activity of peptide (1) in human plasma compared to peptides (2), (3) and (4)

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">ID₂, nM^the</td>

<td>aPTT</td><td>Thrombin time</td>

<td> 3</td><td>fPRPGcGRGD (Nle) PcGDYEPIPE</td><td> 998±108</td><td> 141±52</td>

<td> 4</td><td>fPRPGcGRGDFPcGDYEPIPEEA</td><td> 115±24</td><td> 14±3</td>

<td> 2</td><td>fPRPGcGRGDFPcGDYEPIPEEA</td><td> 60±18</td><td> 24±7</td>

<td> 1</td><td>fPRPGcGRDG (Nle) PcGDYEPIPE</td><td> 12±0,2</td><td> 5±1</td>

^the ID₂ value (mean ± SD) is the concentration that doubles blood clotting time (in seconds) based on three replicate measurements versus control, pTT is the activated partial thromboplastin time

VII. The peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) used in Table 1 is an analog of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) in which the phenylalanine (SEQ ID NO: 2) has a cyclic RGD-X sequence. Phe) was replaced with norleucine (Nle). Peptide (3) (SEQ ID NO: 7) is an analog of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) in which the unit (C moiety) bound to the anion-binding exo-site has been omitted. Peptide A (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8), Peptide A (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8) Peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 4)

61 612 / SM

-46 analogue containing only natural L-amino acids. Peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) and peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) are compounds of the invention, peptide (3) (SEQ ID NO: 7) and peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8) are not within the scope of the invention.

Peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) depicts aPTT time and thrombin time (ID)₂) doubles at 12 nm and 5 nm. This represents a 5-fold increase in anticoagulant activity compared to peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2). VII. The data presented in Table 3 show that peptide (3) (SEQ ID NO: 7) and peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8) have lower anticoagulant activity than peptide (2).

Vili. Spreadsheet

Inhibitory effect of peptide (1) on human platelet aggregation as compared to peptides (2), (3) and (4)

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">50 ^ l^the</td>

<td>ADP μΓΠ</td><td>Thrombin nm</td>

<td> 3</td><td>fPRPGcGRGD (Nle) PcGDYEPIPE</td><td> 29,3±7,8</td><td> 407±372</td>

<td> 4</td><td>fPRPGcGRGD (Nle) PCGDYEPIP EEAYD</td><td> 35,9±.5</td><td> 408±180</td>

<td> 2</td><td>fPRPGcGRGDFPcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 18,7±4,6</td><td> 60±26</td>

<td> 1</td><td>fPRPGcGRGD (Nle) PcGDYEPIPEE The (Cha) e</td><td> 31,7+2,3</td><td> 0,4+0,05</td>

^theIC₅₀ (mean ± SD) is the concentration that inhibits platelet aggregation in the PRP sample by 50% compared to control aggregation in two replicate assays.

61 612 / SM

- 47 Thrombin-induced platelet aq

Table VIII shows the dose-dependent inhibitory effect of peptides (1) to (4) (SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2, 7 and 8) on human platelet aggregation. Thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was most effectively inhibited by peptide (1), which has an IC₅₀ 399 ± 76 µm and this with peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) (IC₅₀ = 60 ± 26 nm) gives a 150-fold efficacy.

Peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8), which is an analogue containing only L-natural amino acids, and Peptide (3) (SEQ ID NO: 7), which is an analogue having a truncated COOH-terminal moiety, approx. They are 1000 times less active than peptide (1).

ADP-induced platelet aqq

Aggregate degrading activity was measured by dose-dependent inhibition of ADP-induced human platelet aggregation and the results are shown in Table VIII. The peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) (IC₅₀ 32 pmol) and peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2) (IC₅₀ (19 pmol) showed similar activity. Peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8), which is an analogue that contains only natural L-amino acids, and Peptide (3) (SEQ ID NO: 7), which is an analogue having a truncated COOH-terminal moiety, is ca. . are equivalent to peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) in disintegrating activity.

Whole blood platelet aqqreaction

Human and rat whole blood platelet aggregation induced by a combination of ADP (0.5 μmol) and thrombin (0.025 U / ml) in the peptide sequence (1)₅₀ 2.9 nmol and 42.5 nm (see Figure 3). Based on this, the peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) has a size of about 10 minutes. It is 15 times more active in human blood than in rat blood. In addition, peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO:

61 612 / SM

- 48 • » ··

1) completely inhibits aggregation in human blood, whereas inhibition in rat blood is approximately Flattens at 50%.

Intravenous administration of peptide (1) to dogs

Peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) inhibits thrombin and platelet aggregation when infused into anesthetized dogs for 1 hour. The effect of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) is brief after the infusion has been stopped. Thrombin time (Figure 4) and aPTT time (Figure 5) are dose-dependent when infused at 1 and 5 nmol / kg / min, respectively. Infusion of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) makes the thrombin time more sensitive to inhibition than the aPTT time. The summation doses shown in Figure 2 indicate that maximum inhibition occurs within 15-30 minutes. After the infusion is stopped (60 minutes), thrombin activity returns to 1_1/217 ± 0.1 and 26 ± 3.2 minutes at the pharmacodynamic dose at 1 and 5 nm / kg / min, respectively.

Inhibition of platelet aggregation demonstrates that peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) is active in coagulation assays. Infusion of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation within 15 minutes (Figure 6). Inhibition can be maintained during 1 hour infusion in 2 of 3 dogs. Platelet activity t_V2 It returns to a pharmacodynamic value of 12.8 ± 1/1 min at the infusion dose of 1 nmol / kg / min after stopping the infusion.

ADP-induced platelet aggregation is inhibited by the compound at all doses in 1 out of 3 dogs. In vitro, ADP-induced platelet aggregation is inhibited by pmol dose. However, it is believed (not implied by the present invention) that dilution of the blood with 1: 2 saline in the whole blood platelet aggregation assay concentrates peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) to 61,612 / SM.

-49 dosages and reduce the concentration required to effectively inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation. In dogs treated with peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1), bleeding time (Figure 7) and platelet count (Figure 8) remained stable. Blood pressure (Figure 9) and heart rate (Figure 10) increased slightly in a dose-dependent manner. These parameters return to baseline within 2 hours after completion of the infusion.

IX. Table 1: Effect of peptide on arterial thrombosis in rats

<td rowspan="2">(1) peptide nmol / kg / min^the</td><td colspan="2">Occlusion time</td><td rowspan="2">Number of animals n Occupied / treated</td>

<td>control</td><td>Handled</td>

<td> 5</td><td> 15,7± 1,4</td><td> 24,1 ± 5,8</td><td> 6/6</td>

<td> 10</td><td> 17,1 ± 1,3</td><td> 40,4 ± 5,8**</td><td> 4/7</td>

<td> 25</td><td> 18,6 ± 1,7</td><td> 58,1 ± 9,5**</td><td> 1/5</td>

^the 15 minutes to FeCI₃ infusion of 60 minutes prior to treatment ** p &lt;0.01 compared to control

The antithrombotic activity of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) was tested in FeCl₃-induced rat carotid artery thrombosis model. Atrombotic obstruction can be prolonged in a dose-dependent manner by continuous intravenous administration of 15 minutes of FeCl₃ Started before dosing and continued for 1 hour at 5, 10 and 25 nmol / kg / min (see Table IX and Figure 11). Blockage can be prevented in 4 of 5 rats at a dose of 25 nmol / kg / min. At a dose of 10 or 5 nmol / kg / min, blockage did not occur in 4 out of 7 rats and 0 out of 6 rats. The required dose of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) for FeCl₃ administration. 612 / SM

- 50 scarves for obstruction! doubling the time to 19.3 nmol / kg / min compared to the observed 33.7 nmol / kg / min of peptide (2) (SEQ ID NO: 2).

Table X.

Inhibition of human platelet aggregation: "(L) CYS loop" compared to "(D) CYS loop"

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">IC^the</td>

<td>ADP</td><td>thrombin</td>

<td></td><td></td><td>IIM</td><td>nm</td>

<td> 5</td><td>fPRPGCRIPRGD (Nle) PADC GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 1,4 ± 0,3</td><td> 231 ±187</td>

<td> 6</td><td>fPRPGcRIPRGD (Nle) PADc GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 2,1 ± 0,4</td><td> 21 ± 20</td>

<td colspan="3">^theIC₅₀ (mean ± SD) is the concentration that inhibits 50% of PRP-</td><td>ben the platelet</td>

aggregation, comparing the triplicate measurements and control aggregation.

Table X shows the difference in the effect of the compound containing the two stereoisomers in the bridging bridge between the catalytic site inhibitor and the anion-binding exo-position recognition sequence due to the presence of the bridging moiety (D). Contains Cys and (L) Cys residues. Peptide (5) (SEQ ID NO: 9) and peptide (6) (SEQ ID NO: 10) are analogs of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1), which contains an additional residue in the cyclic RGD sequence. Peptide (5) (SEQ ID NO: 9) also differs in that the bridging portion contains a (L) Cys residue instead of a (D) Cys residue. Different spatial orientation in the cyclic RGD sequence for the (D) Cys analogue results in greater inhibition of the (G) peptide (SEQ ID NO: 10) by thrombin-induced

61 612 / SM

- 51 for platelet aggregation in human platelets. There was a 10-fold difference in thrombin activity between the two stereoisomers. However, there was no difference in ADP-induced platelet aggregation and anticoagulant activity between the two stereoisomers. It should be noted that when peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) is modified to contain only natural L-amino acids - peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8) - this increases the difference between the two stereoisomers. Peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) exhibits approximately 1000-fold greater inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation than peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8) (see Table Vili). There is no difference between the two stereoisomers in the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. However, the anticoagulant activity of the (D) Cys analog is greater - that of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) than that of the analogue containing the natural amino acid - peptide (4) (SEQ ID NO: 8).

Activity of peptide (1) compared to activity of peptide analogs (1)

Tables XI-XIV show the ICs expressed by the analogs of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1).₅₀ platelet inhibitor and ID₂ anticoagulant data. The following activity of the peptide (1) peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1) was used in the comparison: coagulation - ID₂ (aPTT = 27.9 nmol; thrombin time = 15 nmol); aggregation - IC₅₀ (thrombin = 5.8 nm; ADP = 11.4 pmol). XI-XIV. thrombin and ADP data for Tables 7 to 18 (SEQ ID NO: 11-22) are comparative data only and not specific peptide concentrations since no units were obtained. For example, an aPTT of 0.99 for peptide (7) (SEQ ID NO: 11) only indicates that peptide (7) (SEQ ID NO: 11) has 99% activity with peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 11). 1) compared with the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay on normal human plasma.

61,612 / SM ♦ · · «· · · · · ·

XI. Spreadsheet

The relative activity of peptide (1) is shown in Table B₄-Substituted analogs

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">coagulation</td><td colspan="2">aggregation</td>

<td>aPTT</td><td>Thrombin time</td><td>thrombosis bin</td><td>ADP</td>

<td> 7</td><td>fPRPGcGRGDMPcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,99</td><td> 0,19</td><td> 0,10</td><td> 0,74</td>

<td> 8</td><td>fPRPGcGRDG (Cha) PcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,60</td><td> 1,04</td><td> 0,12</td><td> 0,43</td>

The XI. Table 2 shows the differences in activity between two peptide (1) analogs (SEQ ID NO: 1), peptide (7) (SEQ ID NO: 11) and peptide (8) (SEQ ID NO: 12), which are within the scope of the present invention. . Peptide (7) (SEQ ID NO: 11) is an analog of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) in which₄ the Nle residue was replaced by the Met residue and peptide (8) (SEQ ID NO: 12) is an analog of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) in which₄units, the Nle residue was replaced by a Cha residue. The peptide (8) (SEQ ID NO: 12) in the aPTT assay compared to the peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) was ca. one third less activity. The peptide (7) (SEQ ID NO: 11) was ca. has the same activity in the aPTT assay as peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1). For thrombin time values, this value varies with each peptide. Peptide (7) (SEQ ID NO: 11) has only 19% of the activity of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1). Peptide (8) (SEQ ID NO: 12) is more active than peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1). There is a 10-fold difference in the thrombin activity of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) compared to any analog. The ADP activity of peptide (8) (SEQ ID NO: 12) is about. peptide (1)

61,612 / SM • ·

- 53 (SEQ ID NO: 1). Peptide (7) has the same activity (SEQ ID NO: 11) of approx. 3/4 of the activity of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1).

XII. Spreadsheet

The activity of peptide (I) is shown in Fig. B₃-Substituted penicillamine analogs

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">coagulation</td><td colspan="2">aggregation</td>

<td>aPTT</td><td>Thrombin time</td><td>thrombosis bin</td><td>ADP</td>

<td> 9</td><td>fPRPGcGRGD (Nle) P (D- Pen) ​​GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,11</td><td> 0,15</td><td> 0,06</td><td> 0,13</td>

<td> 10</td><td>fPRPGcG (Me-R) GD (Nle) P (D- Pen) ​​GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,52</td><td> 0,92</td><td> 0,08</td><td> 6,0</td>

XII. Table 2 shows the difference in activity of the two penicillamine analogs of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1). These two analogs are peptide (9) (SEQ ID NO: 13) and peptide (10) (SEQ ID NO: 14). The peptides are not within the scope of the invention. The data in the table are presented to illustrate that B₃may replace the Arg residue with a Me-Arg residue. The activity of peptide (9) (SEQ ID NO: 13) is greatly reduced by the introduction of the penicillamine unit in each assay. The activity of peptide (10) (SEQ ID NO: 14) is reduced to the same extent as that of peptide (9) (SEQ ID NO: 13). However, the same peptide shows only a slight decrease in thrombin time, whereas ADP activity is reduced 6-fold compared to peptide (SEQ ID NO: 1).

61,612 / SM ♦ · ··

XIII. Spreadsheet

Comparison of the activity of peptide (1) is shown in FIG₂with substituted analogs

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">coagulation</td><td colspan="2">aggregation</td>

<td>aPTT</td><td>Thrombin time</td><td>thrombin</td><td>ADP</td>

<td> 11</td><td>fPRPGcyRGD (Nie) PcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,37</td><td> 0,86</td><td> 0,13</td><td> 0,18</td>

<td> 12</td><td>fPRPGcvRGD (Nie) PcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,53</td><td> 1,38</td><td> 0,14</td><td> 0,18</td>

<td> 13</td><td>fPRPGcRGD (Nie) PcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,40</td><td> 0,27</td><td> 0,04</td><td> 0,20</td>

<td> 14</td><td>fPRPGctRGD (Nie) PcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,75</td><td> 0,93</td><td> 0,18</td><td> 0,22</td>

<td> 15</td><td>fPRPGcpRGD (Nie) PcGDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,59</td><td> 1,12</td><td> 0,36</td><td> 0,26</td>

XIII. Table B shows that in Table B₂The Gly residue can be exchanged for various D-amino acid residues. Peptide (11) (SEQ ID NO: 15), Peptide (12) (SEQ ID NO: 16), Peptide (14) (SEQ ID NO: 18), and Peptide (15) (SEQ ID NO: 19) ) analogs of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) in which B₂units have been substituted with various D-amino acid residues and these peptides are within the scope of the invention. Peptide (13) (SEQ ID NO: 17) is not within the scope of the invention and is an analog of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1) in which₂Gly's residue in position is abandoned.

61 612 / SM

XIV. Spreadsheet

Comparison of the activity of peptide (1) with that of the A 1 substituted analogs

<td rowspan="2">peptide</td><td rowspan="2">Peptide sequence</td><td colspan="2">coagulation</td><td colspan="2">aggregation</td>

<td>aPTT</td><td>Thrombin time</td><td>thrombin</td><td>ADP</td>

<td> 16</td><td>(D-Phg) RPGcGRGD (Nle) PC GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,72</td><td> 1,03</td><td> 0,94</td><td> 0,54</td>

<td> 17</td><td>(D-3-Tiq) PRPGcGRGD (Nle) PC GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 0,62</td><td> 0,93</td><td> 0,13</td><td> 1,27</td>

<td> 18</td><td>(N-Me-f) PRPGcGRDG (Nle) PC GDYEPIPEEA (Cha) e</td><td> 1,73</td><td> 0,77</td><td> 0,55</td><td> 0,43</td>

XIV. Table A shows Table A_roptionally, the (D) Phe residue is interchangeable. Peptides (16) to (18) (SEQ ID NO: 20-22) are all contemplated by the present invention. Peptide (16) (SEQ ID NO: 20) exhibits essentially the same thrombin activity and thrombin time as peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1). Peptide (17) (SEQ ID NO: 21) exhibits essentially the same thrombin time as peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1), and has a higher ADP, but has 10 times less activity in thrombin. Peptide (18) (SEQ ID NO: 22) shows a significant increase in aPTT compared to peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1), but the thrombin time is only 77 times that of peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1). whereas the thrombin and ADP values ​​for this peptide are half of the same values ​​for peptide (1) (SEQ ID NO: 1).

61.612 / SM «· * &lt;f

-56 SEQUENCE LIST • «(1) General Information:

(i) Applicant:

(A) Name: Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc.

(B) Street: 2110 E. Galbraith Road, PO Box 156300 (C) City: Cincinnati (D) State: Ohio (E) Country: USA

(F) Zip Code: 45215-6300 (G) Phone: 513 / 948-6566 (H) Telefax: 513 / 948-7961 or 4681 (I) Telex: 214320 (ii) Title of the Invention: Antithrombin and antiplatelet triple function peptides ( iii) Number of Sequences: 22 (iv) Computer readable form:

(A) Media Type: Floppy Disc (B) Computer: IBM PC Compatible (C) Operating System: PC-DOS / MS-DOS (D) Software: Patent Release # 1.0, Version # 1.25 (EPO) (vi) Preliminary submission details:

(A) Filing Number: US 08 / 076,066 (B) Filing Date: June 11, 1993

61,612 / SM ···· · · 4 • ·· · • · · · -57- · .. ·.:. ..

(2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 1:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-Phenylalanine D-Configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Modified Position (B) Position: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 with D-Cys and sulfide bonded with position B at D-Cys" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 for D-Cys and sulfide bonded at position 6 for D-Cys"

61,612 / SM * * »•«

-58 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is glutamic acid in D configuration" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 1:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

5 10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 2:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: Pepid (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Situation: 1 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa 1-position phenylalanine D-configuration"

61,612 / SM * ·

-59 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Position: 13 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa is bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13 position and the D-Cys residue at the 6 position" ( ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Signal; Modified position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 2:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Phe Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

5 10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25

61 612 / SM

-60 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 3:

(í) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 8 amino acids (B) Type: Amino acid (D) Topology: Linear (ii) Molecule type: Pepid (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 1 D-Cys which is

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 8-position. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Mark: Modified position (B) Situation: 8 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 8 is D-Cys, which is

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at position 1 "(xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 3:

Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Phe Pro Xaa

5 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 4:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 5 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide

61 612 / SM

-61 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Altered position (B) Situation: 1 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 1 Tyr substituted by succinyl group (ix) Characteristics:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 9 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 9 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Altered Position (B) Situation: 10 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa is glutamic acid in position 10 which is in D configuration" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 4:

Xaa Glu Pro He Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

5 Details of SEQ ID NO: 5 (2):

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 5 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide

61 612 / SM

-62- ·..· .:.

(ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-Phenylalanine D-Configuration" (xi) Sequence Description: SEQ ID NO: 5:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly

5 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 6:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 3 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa is a phenylalanine in the 1-position D-configuration containing a methyl group" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 6:

Xaa Pro Arg

61 612 / SM

-63 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 7:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 21 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 is D-Cys bonded to the D-Cys residue at position 13 by a sulfide bond" ( ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys which is

Is attached to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position by a sulfide bond. "

61 612 / SM

- 64 (xi) SEQ ID NO: 7:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Phe Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

Details of Glu Pro lle Pro Glu (2) SEQ ID NO: 8:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 11 is norleucine" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 8:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Cys Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Cys Gly Asp Tyr

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Tyr Asp

61 612 / SM

-65 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 9:

(í) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 29 amino acids (B) Type: Amino acid (D) Topology: Linear (ii) Molecule type: Peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Altered position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 is norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered position (B) Situation: 28 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 28 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Situation: 29 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 29, D-configuration glutamic acid

61 612 / SM

-66 ···· (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 9:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Cys Arg He Pro Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Alá Asp

10 15

Gys Gly Asp Tyr Glu Pro He Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 10:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 29 amino acids (B) Type: Amino acid (D) Topology: Linear (ii) Molecule type: Peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at position 17 '(ix) Characteristics:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa in position 13 norleucine"

61,612 / SM • te *

-67 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 17 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 17 D-Cys, which is

Is attached to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix)

(A) Name / Designation: Altered position (B) Situation: 28 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 28 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 29 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 29 is D-configuration glutamic acid (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 10:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Arg Pro Pro Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Alá Asp 15 10 15

Xaa Gly Asp Tyr Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 11:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide

61 612 / SM

4«« « «

-68 • (· x · · · · (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

13-bonded to the 'D-Cys residue by a sulfide bond' (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys which is

Is attached to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix)

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid"

61,612 / SM • · ·

-69- · .. · .. · (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 11:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Met Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

1015

Glu Pro He Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

2025 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 12:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 11 is cyclohexylalanine"

61 612 / SM

-70 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys which is

Is attached to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix)

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position ( B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 12:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro He Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 13:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide

61 612 / SM

-71 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 C-cysteine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 in the D-configuration penicillamine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Modified position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine

61 612 / SM

-72 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 13:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro He Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 14:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 6

61.612 / SM (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa 6-position c-cysteine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 8 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 8 methyl arginine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 in the D-configuration penicillamine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid"

61 612 / SM

-74- ·. · '.:. ··· (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 14:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Xaa Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 15:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 7

61.612 / SM (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa is a D-configuration tyrosine in the 7-position" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys and

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 15:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Xaa Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

5 . 10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25

61 612 / SM

-76- · : ··.

(2) Needles of SEQID NO: 16:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Position: 7 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in D-configuration valine at position 7" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other information: / Note: “Xaa in position 11 norleucine

61 612 / SM

-77 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys and

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 16:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Xaa Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQID NO: 17:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 24 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide

61 612 / SM

-78- · .. ·.:. .. · (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Modified Position (B) Position: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa is the 6-position D-Cys bonded to the 12-position D-Cys residue by a sulfide bond" ( ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 10 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 10 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Mark: Modified Position (B) Situation: 12 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at 12-position D-Cys, which is

Is attached to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix)

(A) Name / Marking: Modified position (B) Situation: 23 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 23 is cyclohexylalanine"

61 612 / SM

<img file="HUT73187A_D0006.tif" />

-79 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 24 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 17:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr Glu 15 10 15

Details of Pro Gle Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa (2) SEQ ID NO: 18:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered position (B) Situation: 1 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 1 is phenyl-alanine (ix). Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 6

61 612 / SM

-80- · .. · .. · (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa is a 6-position D-Cys bonded to the 13-position D-Cys residue by a sulfide bond" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Signal; Modified Position (B) Situation: 7 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa is a D-configuration threonine at position 7" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: “Xaa at position 11 norleucine (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys and

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Situation: 25 (D) Other information: / Note: “Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid

61 612 / SM

<img file="HUT73187A_D0007.tif" />

-81 (xi) SEQ ID NO: 18:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Xaa Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Data for SEQID NO: 19:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 7

61,612 / SM ·· · ♦

-82 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 7 in D-configuration proline" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys and

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 19:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Xaa Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25

61 612 / SM

-83 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 20:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa 1-D phenylalanine in D-configuration" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys and

Sulphide bonded to the D-Cys residue at position 6 '

61 612 / SM

-84 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid" (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 20:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro He Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 21:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in position 1 with D configuration

1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid "

61.612 / SM (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in 11 position norleucine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 13 D-Cys and

Sulfide bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 6-position. "(X)

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid"

61 612 / SM

-86 (xi) SEQ ID NO: 21:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa Pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25 (2) Details of SEQ ID NO: 22:

(i) Sequence characteristics:

(A) Length: 25 amino acids (B) Type: amino acid (D) Topology: linear (ii) Molecule type: peptide (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indicator: Modified Position (B) Position: 1 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa in position 1 with D configuration

N-methylphenylalanine ”(ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Situation: 6 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 6 D-Cys, which is

Bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13-position by a sulfide bond. "(Ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified position (B) Situation: 11 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa in position 11 norleucine"

61 612 / SM

-87 (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Designation: Altered Position (B) Situation: 13 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa is bonded to the D-Cys residue at the 13 position and the D-Cys residue at the 6 position" (ix ) Features:

(A) Name / Marking: Altered position (B) Situation: 24 (D) Other information: / Note: "Xaa at position 24 is cyclohexylalanine" (ix) Features:

(A) Name / Indication: Modified Position (B) Position: 25 (D) Other Information: / Note: "Xaa at position 25 is D-configuration glutamic acid (xi) Sequence description: SEQ ID NO: 22:

Xaa Pro Arg Pro Gly Xaa Gly Arg Gly Asp Xaa pro Xaa Gly Asp Tyr

10 15

Glu Pro lle Pro Glu Glu Alá Xaa Xaa

25

61 612 / SM

PATENT CLAIMS