Domestic heating appliance

74) Agent: Cabinet Guerbilsky, 38, avenue Hoche, Paris (8).

@ Heatin g appliance.

72) Invention of:

(33) (32) (3j) Conventional priority

Sale of booklets to I IMPRIMERIE NATIONALE 27 rue de la Convention - PARIS (15^e)

COPV

02058

The invention relates to the manufacture of domestic heating appliances and in particular those using fluid fuels.

In known devices of this type, the heat exchanger is generally constituted by a cylindrical or parallelepipedic casing. The combustion air is admitted into the exchanger, at the lower part of the latter, where the burner is fitted, and is evacuated at its upper part. Part of the exchanger therefore does not work since in practice no exchange takes place at its base and in particular under the burner.

The object of the present invention is in particular to overcome the above drawbacks of known heating appliances.

It relates to a fluid fuel domestic heating appliance, characterized in that it comprises a heat exchanger formed of two stamped shells, assembled at their periphery in a sealed manner and containing a burner located in the vicinity of its base and deflectors obliging at least part of the combustion gases to circulate along the internal walls of the exchanger and under the burner.

The exchanger can have any desired shape. It may, in particular, be of substantially parallelepipedic shape terminated by a dihedral at its upper part.

The burner is advantageously contained in a duct passing through the exchanger, said duct being pierced at its su25 périeure part for the passage of the combustion gases, open at at least one of its ends.

The duct advantageously bears on the shoulders of the shells formed during the stamping thereof. The opening located at one of the ends of the duct allows the combustion air to be admitted to the burner, controlled by usual means.

For the evacuation of the combustion gases, the exchanger is provided, on its rear face, with at least one nozzle located above the level of the burner. The exchanger may comprise two nozzles located one on the vertical part, the other on the oblique part of the rear face of the exchanger, any one of these nozzles being closed during 2a commissioning.

' The direct passage of the combustion gases, from the burner to the nozzle, is prevented by two deflectors, one rear and the other sideCOPY

02058 spoke carried by the exchanger. The side deflector is advantageously pierced, at its upper part, with a shortening orifice, for part of the combustion gases, the path of the burner? to the exhaust nozzle.

The presence of these deflectors forces the combustion gases to circulate along the side walls of the exchanger, over their entire height, as well as under the duct containing the burner, thus improving heat exchange and promoting the vaporization of the combustible. In addition, the orifice made in the side deflector facilitates the establishment of a correct draft, then the maintenance thereof.

The heating appliance according to the invention advantageously comprises a support in the form of an apse receiving at least the rear part of the exchanger and a front hinged on the support.

To this support are also linked the fuel tank of the heating device as well as the devices allowing the adjustment of the admission of fuel to the burner.

The front of the heater can in particular be either in.one piece and then pivot around a vertical axis or in two adjacent parts each pivoting respectively around a horizontal axis. In the latter case, the two parts of the facade are defined in such a way as to allow access in particular, one to the filling of the tank, the other to the devices for regulating and controlling the admission of fuel to the burner.

Finally, preferably, the front face of the exchanger is pierced at its upper part with an opening closed in leaktight manner by an opening porthole. When the apparatus is provided with a facade, at least the zone of the latter located facing the window is perforated so as to allow a direct view of the interior of the exchanger through the window.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description and on examining the appended drawings which show, by way of non-limiting examples, two embodiments of the invention.

fig. 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of a heater according to a first embodiment.

02058 invention.

fig. 2 is a front view of the device of FIG. 1.

fig. 5 is a perspective view of the exchanger and its burner of the apparatus of FIG. 1, the exchanger being assumed to be transparent to show the paths of the combustion gases.

fig. 4- is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the exchanger of the device of FIG. 1.

Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a sectional left view and a partial top view of FIG. 5

fig. 7 is a schematic view from the left of the apparatus of FIGS. 1 to 6.

fig. 8 is a schematic view from the left of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention.

The heating apparatus according to the invention, and as represented in FIGS. 1 to 7, essentially comprises an exchanger 1 secured to a support 2 and a facade 3 in two parts 3a »

3b.

The exchanger 1 is formed of two stamped metal shells 1a, 1b, assembled at their periphery by any appropriate means such as welding or crimping.

At its lower part, the exchanger 1 supports a transverse conduit 4 containing a burner 5 connected to a liquid fuel tank 6. Duct 4 is pierced at its upper part with an orifice 7 located opposite burner 5. This same duct 4 is open at one of its ends to allow combustion air to be admitted to the burner and closed off at its end. other end by a panel 8 resting on the front face of the exchanger 1, fixed to the latter by means of studs 9 and traversed by the connection means 10 of the burner to the reservoir. The pipe 4 is guided and supported in the exchanger 1 by shoulders made during the stamping of the shells 1a,

1b around openings corresponding to the section of duct 4 of burner 5.

The exchanger is also pierced with two orifices, one for the evacuation of the combustion gases and defined by a nozzle 12 and the other to allow the visual control of the combustion and closed by an opening porthole 13 adapting tightly

02058 on the exchanger wall.

The exchanger contains two deflectors, one lateral 14, the other rear 15, arranged (Fig. 2 to 6) so as to prevent the direct passage of the combustion gases, from the burner 5 to the nozzle 12 and to force these gas to flow along the side walls of the exchanger over the entire height thereof and under the burner at least for some of said gas.

The side deflector 14 is pierced, in its upper part, with an orifice 16 allowing a shorter path from the burner 5 to the nozzle 12. Get orifice 16 has a determined section allowing the passage of only part of the combustion gases along arrow P (fig. 5)

At the beginning of the operation of the device, the temperature of the combustion gases is low, hence also a weak draft. The gases, then small in volume, then pass through the orifice 16 and are evacuated through the nozzle 12.

As the draft increases, the flow rate of the fuel is increased, the temperature of the combustion gases increases and the volume of these increases as well as the draft. The increase in the volume of the combustion gases causes the pressure drop, resulting from the difficulty of passage through the orifice 16, to increase and become greater than that corresponding to the longest path.

The greater part of the combustion gases therefore takes the longest path, shown by the arrows G and H (fig. 3), which is that of the best efficiency of the exchanger since it forces the combustion gases to flow along the entire height of the left side wall of the exchanger under the duct 4, along the entire height of the right side wall, then behind the rear baffle 15 and through the nozzle 12.

A small part of the combustion gases continues permanently to borrow the short circuit through the opening 16, its value increasing if the draft decreases, for example for an accidental reason and decreasing on the contrary if the draft increases.

The support 2 (fig. 1) of the heating apparatus according to the invention is in a single piece in the shape of an apse and /

02058 has a depth substantially equal to half of the entire device. This support 2 makes it possible to completely conceal from view half the thickness of the device and to allow, when the facade 3 is open or removed, access to the main organs of the device.

This support 2 is integral with a stamped base 17 forming a retention tank under the entire horizontal section of the device and of greater capacity than that of the tank 6.

The support 2 carries, in addition to the exchanger 2 and the tank 6, a heat shield 18, located between the tank and the exchanger and the operating means 19 of a regulating device 20 controlling the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the burner 5

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 7, the two parts 3a and 3b, made of oven-enamelled sheet metal, constituting the front of the appliance, are pivotally mounted on the support 2, by means of pivots 21-22 (fig. 7) passing through the holes 23 and 24 drilled in the sides of said parts and screwing into the corresponding holes 25 and 26 made in the sides of the support

2. Arrows I and J show in fig. 7 the directions in which the parts 3a and 3b of the facade 3 · pivot

The upper part 3a is perforated (fig. 1 and 2) to allow free circulation of hot air and combustion control through the porthole 13.

The embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, shown in FIG. 8 differs from that which is the subject of Figures 1 to 7> only by its front 3, made here in one piece and pivotally mounted on the support 2 about a vertical axis shown at 27. The direction of pivoting is shown by arrow K.

Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the examples described and represented, it is capable of numerous variants accessible to those skilled in the art according to the applications envisaged and without departing for this from the spirit of the invention.

02058