Untitled record

PATENT

Gr. 5. - Cl. 8. N ° 1.007.140

FRENCH REPUBLIC

MINISTRY

INDUSTRY AND TRADE

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY SERVICE „<“ βββΠΓ 'Z

PARIS

Improvements to turbo-engines. z '

So-called company; SOCIÉTÉ RATEAU (Société anonyme) and Mr. René ΆΝΧΙΟΝΝΑΖ residing in France (Seine).

Requested on February 27, 1948, at 4 p.m.^h 40^m, in Paris.

Issued February 6, 1952. - Published May 2, 1952.

(Patent of invention whose delivery was postponed in execution of article 11, § 7, of the law of July 5, 1844 modified by the law of April 7, 1902.) (Patent of invention resulting from the transformation of the request from^re addition of the patent application p.-v. n ° P. 4766 of December 19, 1947, art. 3 of the law of January 27, 1944.)

According to the patent application of the same title filed by the applicants on December 19, 1947, the heat from the exhaust gases of a gas turbine engine is recovered to vaporize water, and the vapor thus obtained constitutes one elements of the combined flow used as a driving agent.

The present invention relates to the application, for the vaporization of water, of the heat taken from refrigerants provided between the different stages of compression of the air in the gas cycle.

We know that the overall efficiency of a gas turbine installation is of the form:

(t - G; 4- uG 4- L relation in which:

T = work provided by the gas trigger;

C = air compression work;

aC = energy taken from refrigerants; E = energy lost at the exhaust.

_t In a normal installation where aC has a value substantially equal to (T - C), if we manage to recover part of the loss aC, for example 20%, we will obtain an increase in the available power by 20% and a corresponding improvement in yield.

We immediately see all the interest that results from such recovery, in accordance with the present invention.

This recovery can be obtained by injecting water into the compressor or between the stages of the compressor, the quantity of water injected corresponding to that necessary to saturate the compressed flow.

The quantity of water thus injected is entirely vaporized, and the flow is cooled by the quantity of heat necessary for its vaporization.

Thus, a large part of the compression work, instead of being withdrawn as is usually the case in refrigerants, is used to obtain a vapor, the mixture of which with air constitutes the combined flow used in a or more turbines.

It should be noted that this total vaporization being done throughout the compression, the quantity of final vapor was only partially subjected to the compression work and one thus benefits from the pressurization of a part of this vapor in liquid state.

This vaporization can be combined in compression cores and a vaporization by heat recovery from the exhaust gases as will be described later.

The water injected into the compressors can be heated to reduce the amount of heat required for vaporization and thus increase the amount of steam produced for the same compression job. This heating of the water can be obtained economically by recovering the heat still contained in the exhaust gases at their outlet from the compressed flow / expanded flow exchanger.

The description which follows with reference to the appended drawing, given by way of nonlimiting example, will make it clear how the invention can be implemented, the features which emerge both from the drawing and from the text which, of course, forms part of the said invention. .

Figs. 1 and 2 schematically represent two exemplary embodiments of installation of turbo-engines in accordance with the present invention.

- 11029

Booklet price: 100 francs.

[1.007.140] — 2

In fig. 1, the power unit comprises a turbine in two bodies: high pressure f_i; low pressure /'₂, driving a compressor b and an alternator g. The compressed stream is heated by the exhaust gases in the recuperator before combustion. Combustion takes place in the rooms of_± and d ,, supplied with fuel by the injectors and e₂. As an additional device for recovering the heat from the exhaust gases, it comprises a bundle for reheating water licked by the exhaust gases and the water which has passed through this bundle is supplied to a collector j, which distributes it to injectors placed 4 between the stages of compressor b which draws atmospheric air into b_at.

As already indicated, a combination of compression spraying and recovery spraying can be carried out. Fig. 2 gives a nonlimiting example of such a combination.

The installation comprises a turbo-engine unit supplying useful power and consisting of a high pressure turbine and a low pressure turbine f, driving together an alternator g. It also includes the auxiliary groups necessary for the compression of the flow: low pressure group constituted by the compressor δ, and its drive turbine f_irand high pressure group comprising the compressor δ, its turbine and the starting motor ”!

In Λ, and j. ,, A „is the water injection device between the stages of the compressors similar to that which has already been described opposite. ^:of fig. 1.

A combustion chamber d_z respectively d, fueled with e ,, e₃ is located at the head of each pair of turbines in series fj „respectively another combustion chamber d, respectively for reheating during expansion is interposed between the turbines of each pair.

The recovery of the exhaust heat is done successively in an exchanger a raising the temperature of the compressed flow before the first combustion in the chambers and f?₃fed in parallel by the high pressure flow and in a vaporizer a_t vaporizing a certain quantity of pre-heated water in a bundle "₂. This vapor is mixed with the main stream after combustion in the chamber d₂ of the low pressure turbine f₂.

It can, of course, be provided for a greater number of detents, and according to the percentages of recovery of the exhaust heat in the three organs a, α_1} α₂ above, the steam injection can be done either in the combustion chamber which is at the head of the trigger, or in a following chamber as in the case of the drawing.

It is also possible to produce a device in which, to further recover the heat from the exhaust gases, the evaporator would be subdivided into two or more evaporators producing steam at pressures corresponding to those of the combustion chambers.

It goes without saying, of course, that the embodiments described have been given by way of examples, in no way limiting, and that many other variants could be made without departing from the scope of the invention.