Information processing method and apparatus and computer program product

p00001Method and apparatus for processing information and recording media.

p00002Technical field

p00003The present invention relates to a method and an information processing apparatus, a program and a recording medium. More particularly, it refers to a method and an information processing apparatus, a program and a recording medium for recording a file that includes the information indicated for the explanation in the GUI, the information on the main playback path, the information on the secondary reproduction path, connection information between respective reproduction domains that constitute the main reproduction path, or information about markers or useful resume points for the user to set a desired scene.

p00004Prior art

p00005Recently, several types of optical discs have been proposed as a recording medium that can be removed from a recording device. These recordable optical discs have been proposed as large capacity multi-GB media and are considered promising as support for recording AV (visual audio) signals. For example, EP-A-0 991 072 discloses a method for directing a continuous stream of bits to be recorded or being recorded on a storage medium, for example, an optical disc. Among the sources (supply sources) of digital AV signals, recorded on the recordable optical disc, there are, for example, digital satellite broadcasting CS and digital broadcasting BS. For future use, terrestrial television broadcasting of the digital system has also been proposed.

p00006It should be noted that the digital video signals, provided from these sources, are routinely compressed according to the MPEG (Group of Motion Picture Experts) system 2. For the recording device, an appropriate recording speed is set for the device . If the digital video signals, obtained from the broadcast of digital broadcasting, are recorded by a conventional video storage medium for home use, according to an analog recording system, the digital video signals are first decoded and subsequently limited in terms of band for recording. Alternatively, with the digital recording system, exemplified primarily by the MPEG1, MPEG2 or DV video system, the digital video signals are decoded once and subsequently re-encoded according to the recording speed and the recording system. coding appropriate for the device to perform the recording.

p00007However, with such a recording method, in which the continuous stream of bits supplied is decoded once and subsequently limited in bandwidth or re-encoded before recording, the image quality deteriorates. necessarily. If, in the recording of compressed digital signals, the transmission speed for digital input signals is not higher than the recording speed of the recording and / or reproduction apparatus, a method in which the continuous stream of bits supplied is record directly without decoding

p00008or re-encoding suffers to a lesser extent a deterioration of the image quality. However, if the transmission speed of the compressed digital signals exceeds the recording speed of the disc as a recording medium, it is really necessary to first decode the digital signals in the recording and / or playback apparatus, and re-encode the digital signals for recording so that the transmission speed is not greater than the upper limit of the recording speed of the disc.

p00009If the signals are transmitted according to a variable speed system in which the bit rate of the digital input signals increases or decreases over time, in a disc recording system in which data can be stored once in a buffer and they are burned, the capacity of the recording medium can be used in a less wasteful way than with a recording system in the which the rotary head has fixed rpm and therefore the recording speed is a fixed recording speed.

p00010In the near future, when digital broadcasting becomes the predominant trend, it can be expected that there will be a clear demand for a recording and / or playback device such that the emitted signals are recorded in their digital signal state, without decoding or re-coding, as in the case of a continuous stream unit (data streamer), and in which a disc is used as a recording medium.

p00011Meanwhile, in recording AV stream data on a recording medium using the recording apparatus described above, the AV stream data can be analyzed to allow fast playback to detect the position of an image I with the In order to make a recording, such as allowing access to an image I. Alternatively, the continuous AV stream can be recorded directly without analysis.

p00012In such a case, conventional practice has been to provide respective dedicated application programs by means of which the continuous AV stream is recorded on the recording medium as continuous AV streams of different formats. The result is that the development of an application program tends to be expensive and consumes

p00013long time. For continuous AV streams recorded in respective application programs, the format is different, from one continuous AV stream to another, with the result that the respective continuous AV streams cannot be played back on the same device due to lack of compatibility.

p00014In addition, the conventional recording apparatus has a drawback according to which it is difficult, for example, to post-record audio data.

p00015EP-A 0 949 825 discloses a recording medium comprising a program chain defining a first cell in a video object and a second cell in another video object comprising audio data after recording.

p00016EP-A 1103974, which is considered prior art according to Article 54 (3) EPC with respect to this application, describes a system that has Playlists, Playback Elements and Fragments (in English "clips"). A fragment comprises an AV stream file and an AV stream file. A Playlist has a Main Route, and an Auxiliary Route for audio post-recording. A field in the Playlist indicates a start time for the Auxiliary Route in order to synchronize playback between the Main Route and the Auxiliary Route.

p00017Exhibition of the invention

p00018It is therefore an objective of the teachings disclosed herein, to provide a provision in which a continuous AV stream can be monitored in common with the ability to perform a high-speed recording and a continuous AV stream without the ability to Carry out high speed recording.

p00019It is another objective of the teachings disclosed herein, to provide a provision in which post-recording is possible.

p00020This invention is defined in the appended claims.

p00021Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more clearly apparent upon reading the embodiments of the present invention as shown in the drawings.

p00022Brief description of the drawings

p00023Fig. 1 shows a configuration of an embodiment of a recording and / or reproduction apparatus according to

p00024The present invention. Fig. 2 illustrates the data format corresponding to data recorded on a recording medium by means of a recording and / or playback apparatus 1.

p00025Fig. 3. illustrates a Real PlayList (Real PlayList) and a Virtual PlayList (Virtual PlayList). Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C illustrate the creation of the Real PlayList. Figs. 5A, 5B and 5C illustrate the elimination of the Real PlayList. Figs. 6A and 6B illustrate the assembly edition. Fig. 7 illustrates the provision of a sub-route in the Virtual PlayList. Fig. 8 illustrates the change in the playback sequence of the PlayList. Fig. 9 illustrates a mark in the PlayList and a mark in the Clip (Fragment). Fig. 10 illustrates a thumbnail menu image. Fig. 11 illustrates a mark added to the PlayList. Fig. 12 illustrates a mark added to the Clip. Fig. 13 illustrates the relationship between the PlayList, the Clip and the thumbnail file. Fig. 14 illustrates a directory structure. Fig. 15 illustrates a syntax of infr.dvr.

p00027Fig. 16 shows a syntax of DVRVolume (VolumeDVR). Fig. 17 shows a syntax of the ResumeVolume (Volume Resume).

p000285 Fig. 18 shows a syntax of UIAppInfoVolume (InfoApliUIVolumen). Fig. 19 shows a table of character set values. Fig. 20 shows a syntax of TableOfPlayList. Fig. 21 shows another TableOfPlayList syntax. Fig. 22 shows a syntax of the MakersPrivateData (Private DataManufacturer).

p00029fifteen Fig. 23 shows a syntax of xxxx.rpls and yyyy.vpls. Figs. 24A to 24C illustrate the PlayList. Fig. 25 shows a PlayList syntax. Fig. 26 shows a PlayList_type table (playlist_type). Fig. 27 shows a syntax of UIAppInfoPlayList.

p0003025 Figs. 28A to 28C illustrate flags in the UIAppInfoPlayList syntax shown in Fig. 27. Fig. 29 illustrates a Playltem (Playback Element). Fig. 30 illustrates a Playltem. Fig. 31 illustrates a Playltem. Fig. 32 shows a syntax of the Playltem.

p0003135 Fig. 33 illustrates IN-time. Fig. 34 illustrates OUT-time. Fig. 35 shows a table of Connection_Condition. Figs. 36A through 36D illustrate Connection_Condition. Fig. 37 illustrates BridgeSequencelnfo (BridgeSequence Info).

p00032Four. Five Fig. 38 shows a syntax of BidgeSequencelnfo. Fig. 39 illustrates SubPlayItem. Fig. 40 shows a SubPlayltem syntax. Fig. 41 shows a table of Mark_ type. Fig. 42 shows a syntax of PlayListMark (PlaylistList).

p0003355 Fig. 43 shows a table of Mark_type. Fig. 44 illustrates Mark_time_stamp (Mark_time_indication). Fig. 45 shows a syntax of zzzzz.clip (zzzz.fragmento). Fig. 46 shows a Cliplnfo syntax (InfoFragment). Fig. 47 shows a Clip_stream_type table (Continuous_Flow_Flow_type).

p0003465 Fig. 48 illustrates offset_SPN (shift_SPN).

p00036Fig. 49 illustrates offset_SPN. Figs. 50A and 50B illustrate the STC domain.

p000375 Fig. 51 illustrates STC_Info (Info_STC). Fig. 52 shows a syntax of STC_Info. Fig. 53 illustrates Programlnfo (InfoPrograma). Fig. 54 shows a syntax of Programlnfo. Fig. 55 shows a syntax of VideoCodinglnfo (VideoCoding Info).

p00038fifteen Fig. 56 shows a table of Video_format (Video_format). Fig. 57 shows a table of frame_rate (frame_speed). Fig. 58 shows a table of display_aspect_ratio (visualization_ aspect ratio). Fig. 59 shows an AudioCodinglnfo syntax (Audio InfoCode). Fig. 60 shows an audio_coding table (audio_coding).

p0003925 Fig. 61 shows an audio_component_type table (audio_component_type). Fig. 62 shows a sampling_frequency table (sampling_frequency). Fig. 63 illustrates CPI. Fig. 64 illustrates CPI. Fig. 65 shows a CPI syntax.

p0004035 Fig. 66 shows a table of CPI_type (type_CPI). Fig. 67 illustrates a video EP_map (EP_map). Fig. 68 illustrates EP_map. Fig. 69 illustrates EP_map. Fig. 70 shows a syntax of EP_map.

p00041Four. Five Fig. 71 shows a table of EP_typevalues ​​(valorestipo_EP). Fig. 72 shows a syntax of EP_map_for_one_stream_PID (EP_map for a Continuous FlowPID). Fig. 73 illustrates TU_map (TU_map). Fig. 74 shows a TU_map syntax. Fig. 75 shows a ClipMark syntax (Fragment Mark).

p0004255 Fig. 76 shows a table of Mark_type (Type_mark). Fig. 77 shows a table of Mark_type_stamp (Mark_type_indication). Fig. 78 shows a syntax of menu.thmb (menu.thmb) and mark.thmb (mark.thmb). Fig. 79 shows the syntax of the thumbnail image. Fig. 80 shows a thumbnail_picture_format table (thumbnail_image_format).

p0004365 Figs. 81A and 81B illustrate tn_block (tn_block).

p00044Fig. 82 illustrates a structure of a continuous transport stream of MPEG2 DVR. Fig. 83 shows a recorder model of a continuous stream of transport of MPEG2 DVR. Fig. 84 shows a player model of a continuous stream of transport of MPEG2 DVR. Fig. 85 shows the syntax of a source package. Fig. 86 shows the syntax of TP_extra_header (additional_TP_header_). Fig. 87 shows a table of a copy permission indicator. Fig. 88 illustrates a connection without interruptions. Fig. 89 illustrates a connection without interruptions. Fig. 90 illustrates a connection without interruptions. Fig. 91 illustrates a connection without interruptions. Fig. 92 illustrates a connection without interruptions. Fig. 93 illustrates an audio overlap. Fig. 94 illustrates an uninterrupted connection using BridgeSequence. Fig. 95 illustrates an uninterrupted connection that BridgeSequence does not use. Fig. 96 It shows a model of DVR STD. Fig. 97 is a timing diagram for decoding and visualization. Fig. 98 shows the syntax of a PlayList file. Fig. 99 shows the syntax of UIAppInfoPlayList in the PlayList file of Fig. 98. Fig. 100 shows the syntax of the PlayList () in the PlayList file of Fig. 98. Fig. 101 shows the syntax of SubPlayltem. Fig. 102 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of forming RealPlayList. Fig. 103 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of forming VirtualPlayList. Fig. 104 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of playing the PlayList. Fig. 105 is a flow chart to illustrate the method to reproduce a sub-path of PlayList. Fig. 106 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of forming PlayListMark. Fig. 107 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of location of reproduction that PlayListMark uses. Fig. 108 It illustrates a support.

p00045Best way to practice the invention

p00046Referring to the drawings, the present embodiment of the present invention will be explained in detail. Fig. 1 shows a typical internal structure of a recording and / or reproduction apparatus 1 that materializes the present invention. First, the structure of a recording unit 2, configured to record signals input from the outside, is explained. The recording and / or playback apparatus 1 is configured to be fed with and record analog or digital data.

p00047Analog video signals and analog audio signals are fed to terminals 11, 12, respectively. Video signals, inserted into terminal 11, are output to an analysis unit 14 and to an AV encoder 15. Audio signals, input into terminal 12, are output to the

p00048analysis unit 14 and the AV encoder 15. Analysis unit 14 extracts characteristic points, such as scene changes, from the input audio and video signals.

p00049The AV encoder 15 encodes input video and audio signals to output the system information (S), such as a continuous stream of encoded video (V), a continuous stream of encoded audio (A) and an AV synchronization, towards a multiplexer 16.

p00050The continuous stream of encoded video is a continuous stream of encoded video, for example, with the MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group) 2 system, while the continuous stream of encoded audio is a continuous stream of encoded audio according to the MPEG1 system , the continuous stream of encoded audio being, for example, a continuous stream of encoded audio, for example, in the MPEG1 system, or a continuous stream of encoded audio according to the Dolby AC3 system (trade mark). The multiplexer 16 multiplexes the continuous audio and video input streams, based on the input system information, to output a multiplexed continuous stream, through a switch 17 to a multiplexed continuous stream analysis unit 18 and towards a source packager 19.

p00051The multiplexed continuous stream is, for example, a continuous stream of MPEG-2 transport or a continuous stream of MPEG2 program. The source packet former 19 encodes the continuous stream of multiplexed input, in a continuous AV stream composed of source packets according to an application format of a recording medium 100 in which the continuous stream is recorded. The continuous AV flow is processed in the ECC unit (error correction and coding) 20 and a modulation unit 21 with the annexation of ECC codes and with modulation, before being output to a writing unit 22, which writes (then records) a continuous flow AV file based on the control signals obtained at the output of the controller 23.

p00052The continuous transport stream, such as a digital television broadcasting broadcast, introduced from a digital interface or a digital television tuner, is introduced into a terminal 13. There are two recording systems to record the continuous transport flow introduced in terminal 13, one of them being a transparent recording system and the other being a system in which the recording is preceded by a re-encoding intended to reduce, by example the bit rate of recording. The order information of the recording system is entered from a terminal 24 as a user interface, in a controller 23.

p00053In the transparent recording of the continuous input transport stream, a continuous transport stream, introduced in a terminal 13, is output through a switch 17 to a multiplexed continuous flow analysis unit 18 and to the flow former. source packages 19. The consequent processing of recording a continuous AV stream on a recording medium is the same as that corresponding to encoding and recording analogue audio and video input signals, as described above, and therefore is not explained in this case. for simplicity.

p00054If the continuous input transport stream is re-encoded and subsequently recorded, the continuous transport stream, introduced into terminal 13, is fed to a demultiplexer 26, which demultiplexes the continuous input transport stream to extract a stream. Continuous video (V), a continuous stream of audio (A) and system information (S).

p00055From the continuous stream (information), as extracted by demultiplexer 26, the continuous stream of video is output to an audio decoder 27, while the continuous stream of audio and system information is output to multiplexer 16 The audio decoder 27 decodes the continuous stream of input transport to output the continuous stream of encoded video (V) to the multiplexer 16.

p00056The continuous audio stream and system information, obtained at the output of demultiplexer 26 and inserted into multiplexer 16, and the continuous video stream, obtained at the output of AV encoder 15, are multiplexed, based on the information from the input system, and they are output to the multiplexed continuous flow analysis unit 18 and to the source packet former 19 through a switch 17, as a multiplexed continuous stream. The consequent processing to record a continuous AV stream on a recording medium is the same as the corresponding one for encoding and recording analog audio and video signals, as described above, and therefore, is not explained in this case for reasons of simplicity.

p00057The recording and / or playback apparatus 1 of the present embodiment records a file of the continuous stream AV on the recording medium 100, although the application database information that responds to the file is also recorded. The input information to the controller 23 is the characteristic information for the moving image of the analysis unit 14, the characteristic information of the continuous flow AV of the multiplexed continuous flow analysis unit 18 and the user order information entered in a terminal 24.

p00058The characteristic information of the moving image, supplied from the analysis unit 14, is generated by means of the analysis unit 14 when the AV encoder 15 encodes video signals. The analysis unit 14 analyzes the content of the input audio and video signals to generate the relevant information of the characteristic images of the incoming motion picture signals (fragment mark). This information is the information that indicates an image of characteristic fragment mark points, such as

p00059program start points, scene change points, start and end points of CM commercials, the title or telop in input video signals, and also includes a thumbnail of the image and relevant information of stereo switching points / monaural and muted portions of audio signals.

p00060The above image indicating information is fed through controller 23 to multiplexer 16. When an encoded image specified as a fragment mark is multiplied by controller 23, multiplexer 16 returns the information to specify the image encoded in the AV continuous stream to the controller 23. Specifically, this information is the PST (presentation time stamp) of an image or the address information in the AV stream of an encoded version of the image. The controller 23 stores the class of characteristic images and the information to specify the encoded image, in the continuous AV flow in mutual association.

p00061The characteristic information of the continuous flow AV of the multiplexed continuous flow analysis unit 18 is the relevant information of the coding information of the continuous flow AV to be recorded, and is recorded by means of an analysis unit 18. For example, the characteristic information includes the indication of time and address information of the image I in the continuous flow AV, information of discontinuous points of system time clocks, coding parameters of the continuous flow AV and information of change points of the coding parameters in the continuous AV flow. When the continuous transport stream, entered from the terminal 13, is recorded transparently, the multiplexed continuous flow analysis unit 18 detects the image of the fragment mark mentioned above, from the continuous input transport stream, and generates the information to specify an image designated by the fragment mark and its type.

p00062The user designation information of terminal 24 is the information specified by the reproduction domain, designated by the user, character letters to explain the content of the reproduction domain,

p00063or information such as markers or resume points set by the user for his favorite scene.

p00064On the basis of the input information mentioned above, the controller 23 creates a database of the continuous stream AV (Clip), a database of a group (PlayList) of play domains (Playltem) of the continuous stream AV, information of management of the recorded content of the recording medium 100 (info.drv) and information about thumbnails. Similar to the continuous AV stream, the application database information, constructed from the above information, is processed in the ECC unit 20 and the modulation unit 21, and entered into the write unit 22, which then records a database file on the recording medium 100.

p00065The application database information, described above, will be explained in detail later.

p00066When the AV stream file recorded on the recording medium 100 (image data files and voice data) and the application database information, recorded in this way on the recording medium 100, are reproduced by means of a playback unit 3, the controller 23 first orders a reading unit 28 to read the application database information from the recording medium 100. The reading unit 28 reads the application database information from the recording medium 100, which then reads the application database information from the recording medium 100 to send the application database information through demodulation processing and error correction by means of a demodulation unit 29 and an ECC decoder 30 to controller 23.

p00067Based on the application database information, the controller 23 outputs a PlayList list recorded on the recording medium 100 to a user interface of the terminal 24. The user selects the PlayList, which is desired to be played, from the list of PlayLists. The relevant PlayList information, specified to be reproduced, is entered into controller 23. The controller 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read the AV stream file needed in PlayList playback. According to the order, the reading unit 28 reads the corresponding continuous AV flow from the recording medium 100 to output the continuous AV flow read to the demodulation unit 29. The continuous AV flow, thus introduced into the demodulation unit 29, is demodulated by the preset processing and is output through the processing of the ECC decoder 30 towards a source packet unpacker 31.

p00068The source packet unpacker 31 converts the continuous AV stream of the application format, read from the recording medium 100 and processed according to the preset mode, into a continuous stream processable by demultiplexer 26. The demultiplexer 26 outputs the system information (S), such as the continuous video stream (V), the continuous audio stream (A) or the AV synchronization, which form the playback domain (Playltem) of the continuous stream AV specified by controller 23, to audio decoder 27, said AV decoder 27 decoding the continuous video stream and the continuous audio stream to output the playback video signal and the playback audio signal to associated terminals 32, 33, respectively.

p00069If it is fed from the terminal 24, as a user interface, with the information that instructs for random access playback or special reproduction, the controller 23 determines the reading position of the continuous flow AV from the recording medium 100, on the database content base (Clip) of the stream

p00070continuous AV, to order the reading unit 28 to read the continuous AV flow. If the PlayList as selected by the user is to be reproduced from a preset instant of time, the controller 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read data from an image I having a time indication closer to the instant of specified time.

p00071When the user has selected a certain fragment mark from indexing points or scene change points for the program stored in the ClipMark in the Clip Information, such as when the user selects a certain image from one list of thumbnail images, as shown in a user interface, of indexing points or scene change points stored in the ClipMark, the controller 23 determines the reading position of the continuous AV flow from the recording medium 100 to order the reading unit 28 to read the continuous AV flow. That is, the controller 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read data from an image I that has an address closer to the address in the continuous stream AV that has stored the image selected by the user. The reading unit 28 reads data from the specified address. The read data is processed by the demodulation unit 29, the ECC decoder 30 and by the source packet maker 19, to be supplied to the demultiplexer 26 and be decoded by the audio decoder 27 in order to reproduce AV data indicated by an image address of the mark point.

p00072If the user has ordered fast forward playback, the controller 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to sequentially read image data I in the AV stream successively based on the database (Clip) of the AV stream.

p00073The reading unit 28 reads AV stream data from a specified random access point. The data read in this way is reproduced through the processing of several components in the downstream part.

p00074The case in which the user edits the continuous AV stream recorded on the recording medium is explained below.

p00075100 If you want to specify a playback domain for the continuous AV stream recorded on the recording medium 100, for example, if you want to create a playback path to play a portion sung by a singer A from a song program A, and play later a portion sung by the same singer A from another program of songs B, The relevant information of a start point (INPUT point) and an end point (OUTPUT point) of the playback domain is entered into the controller 23 from the terminal as a user interface. Controller 23 creates a database of the PlayList group (PlayList) of AV streams.

p00076When the user wishes to erase a portion of the continuous AV stream recorded on the recording medium 100, the relevant information of the IN-point and the OUT-point of the erase domain is entered into the controller 23, which then modifies the base of PlayList data to refer only to the continuous AV flows required. The controller 23 also instructs the writing unit 22 to erase a portion of continuous flow not necessary from the continuous flow AV.

p00077The case in which the user wishes to specify playback domains of a continuous AV stream recorded on the recording medium, to create a new playback path, and to interconnect the respective playback domains in an uninterrupted mode is explained below. In such a case, the controller 23 creates a database of a group (PlayList) of the playback domains (Playltem) of the AV stream and partially recodes and partially re-multiplexes the streaming video stream in the vicinity of the junction points of the reproduction domains.

p00078The image information at the IN-point and the OUT-point of a playback domain are entered from a terminal 24 in a controller 23. The controller 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read data necessary to reproduce the images in the point-IN and the point-OUT. The reading unit 28 reads data from the recording medium 100. Data read in this way are output through demodulation unit 29, ECC decoder 30 and source packet 19 to the demultiplexer

p0007926.

p00080Controller 23 analyzes data entered in demultiplexer 26 to determine the re-encoding method for continuous video stream (change of picture_coding_type (type_coding_file) and assignment of the amount of coding bits for re-encoding) and the system of re-multiplexed in order to send the system to the AV 15 encoder and the 16 multiplexer.

p00081The demultiplexer 26 then separates the continuous input stream into the continuous video stream (V), the continuous audio stream (A) and the system information (S). The continuous video stream can be classified into data entered into audio decoder 27 and data entered into multiplexer 16. The first ones are data necessary for recoding and are decoded by audio decoder 27, then the image decoded by the AV encoder 15 is then re-encoded and thus causing it to become a continuous stream of video. The second data is data copied from an original continuous stream without re-encoding. Continuous audio stream and system information are entered directly into multiplexer 16.

p00082The multiplexer 16 multiplexes a continuous input stream, based on the information entered from the controller 23, to output a multiplexed continuous stream, which is processed by the ECC unit 20 and the modulation unit 21 to be sent to the writing unit 22. The writing unit 22 records a continuous AV flow in the recording medium 100 based on the control signals supplied from the controller 23.

p00083Hereinafter the application database information and operation based on this information, such as reproduction and editing, are explained herein. Fig. 2 shows the structure of an application format that has two layers, that is, PlayList and Clip, for the management of continuous AV flows. Volume Information manages all Clips and PlayLists on the disk. In this case, a continuous AV stream and its auxiliary information, paired with each other, are considered as an object, and are called Clip. The AV stream file is called Clip AV stream, the auxiliary information being called Clip Information file.

p00084A fragment AV Continuous Flow file stores data corresponding to a continuous MPEG-2 transport stream arranged in a structure prescribed by the application format. Generally speaking, a file is treated as a byte string. The content of the Fragment AV Continuous Flow file expands on the time axis, mainly specifying the entry points in the Clip (image I) on the basis of time. When a time indication of an access point to a preset Clip is provided, the Fragment Information file is useful for finding the address information at which to start reading data in the Fragment AV Continuous Flow file.

p00085The PlayList is explained below in reference to Fig. 3, which is provided for a user to select a playback domain to be viewed from the Clip and to easily edit the playback domain. A PlayList is a set of playback domains in the Clip. A playback domain in a preset Clip is called Playltem and is represented by a pair of a point-IN and a point-OUT on the time axis. Thus, the PlayList is formed by a set of various Playltems.

p00086The PlayList is classified into two types, one of which is the Real PlayList and the other is the Virtual PlayList. The Real PlayList is co-owner of continuous flow portions of the Clip it refers to. That is, the Real PlayList occupies on the disk the data capacity corresponding to a continuous flow portion of the Clip to which it refers, and when the Real PlayList is deleted, the data of the continuous flow portion of the Clip to which it refers is also delete

p00087Virtual PlayList does not co-own Clip data. Therefore, if the Virtual PlayList is changed or deleted, the Clip content does not change in any way.

p00088The edition of the Real PlayList is explained. Fig. 4A shows the creation of Real PlayList and, if the continuous AV stream is recorded as a new Clip, the Real PlayList that refers to the entire Clip is a newly created operation.

p00089Fig. 4B shows the division of the Real PlayList, that is, the division operation of the Real PlayList by a desired point to divide the Real PlayList into two Real PlayLists. This division operation is carried out when two programs are managed in a clip managed by a single PlayList and when the user intends to re-register or re-record the programs as independent individual programs. This operation does not lead to the alteration of the Clip content, that is, the division of the Clip itself.

p00090Fig. 4C shows the combination operation of the Real PlayList, which is the combination operation of two Real PlayLists in a new Real PlayList. This combination operation is carried out for example when the user wishes to re-register two programs as a single program. This operation does not lead to the alteration of the Clip content, that is, to combine the clip itself into one.

p00091Fig. 5A shows the removal of the entire Real PlayList. If the operation to delete the preset Real PlayList completes, the portion of the associated continuous stream of the Clip to which the deleted Real PlayList refers is deleted is also deleted.

p00092Fig. 5B shows the partial elimination of Real PlayList. If a desired portion of the Real PlayList is removed, the associated PlayItem is altered to forward only the necessary portion of the continuous Clip stream. The corresponding portion of the continuous flow of the Clip is removed.

p00093Fig. 5C shows the minimization of the Real PlayList. It is an operation to cause the PlayItem associated with the Real PlayList to refer only to the continuous flow portion of the Clip, necessary for the Virtual PlayList. The corresponding portion of the Clip's continuous stream not necessary for the Virtual PlayList is deleted.

p00094If the Real PlayList is changed by the operation described above, so that the portion of the continuous flow of the Clip to which the Real PlayList refers is removed, there is a possibility that the Virtual PlayList that

p00095Use the deleted Clip to be present, so that problems may arise in the Virtual PlayList due to the deleted Clip.

p00096To prevent this from happening, a message is displayed for the user that says: "If there is the Virtual PlayList that refers to the portion of the continuous flow of the Clip to which the Real PlayList is sending, and the Real PlayList is removed, it is deleted Virtual PlayList itself - do you agree? '' as a response to the operation, by the user, of elimination, by way of confirmation or notice, after which the deletion process is executed or canceled based on the orders of the user. Alternatively, the minimization operation is performed for the Real PlayList instead of eliminating the Virtual PlayList.

p00097The operation for the Virtual PlayList is explained below. If an operation is performed for the Virtual PlayList, the content of the Clip does not change. Figs. 6A and 6B show the assembly and editing (INPUT-OUTPUT edition). It is an operation to create PlayItem of the playback domain that the user has wanted to see to create Virtual PlayList. The seamless connection between PlayItems is supported by the application format, as explained below.

p00098If there are two Real PlayLists 1, 2 and fragments 1, 2 associated with the respective Real PlayLists, the user specifies a preset domain in Real PlayList 1 (domain from INPUT1 to OUTPUT1: Playltem 1) as the replay domain, and also specifies, as a domain to be reproduced below, a domain preset in Real PlayList 2 (domain from INPUT2 to OUTPUT2: Playltem 2) as a playback domain, as shown in Fig. 6A, a single Virtual PlayList consisting of Playltem 1 and Playltem2 is prepared, as shown in Fig. 6B.

p00099The re-edition of the Virtual PlayList is explained below. The re-edition can be enumerated by altering the INPUT or EXIT points in the Virtual PlayList, the insertion or annexation of new Playltems to the Virtual PlayList and the elimination of Playltems in the Virtual PlayList. Virtual PlayList itself can also be deleted.

p00100Fig. 7 shows the audio dubbing (post-recording) in the Virtual PlayList. It is an operation to record the audio post-recording in the Virtual PlayList as a subpath. This audio post-recording is supported by the application software. An additional continuous audio stream is added as a subpath to the AV continuous stream of the main Virtual PlayList path.

p00101An operation to change (move) the PlayList playback sequence shown in Fig. 8 is common to the Real PlayList and the Virtual PlayList. This operation is an alteration of the PlayList playback sequence on the disc (volume) and is supported by TableOfPlayList as defined in the application format, as will be explained later in reference to, for example, Fig. 20. This operation does not lead to the alteration of the Clip content.

p00102The brand is explained below (Mark). The mark is provided to specify a relevant or characteristic moment in the Clip and the PlayList, as shown in Fig. 9. The mark added to the Clip is called ClipMark (Fragment Mark). The ClipMark is, for example, a program index point or a scene change point to specify a characteristic scene attributable to content in the AV stream. The ClipMark is generated by, for example, the analysis unit 14 of Fig. 1. When the PlayList is played, a reference can be made to the clip mark to which the PlayList refers and it can be used.

p00103The mark attached to the PlayList is called PlayListMark (playlist mark). The PlayListMark is, for example, a marker point or a resume point as set by the user. The establishment of the brand in the Clip and in the PlayList is done by adding a time indication that indicates the instant of time of the brand with respect to the list of brands. On the other hand, the removal of the brand is done by removing the brand time indication from the list of brands. Consequently, the continuous AV flow does not change in any way by the establishment of marks or the elimination of marks.

p00104As an additional format for the ClipMark, you can specify an image to which the ClipMark refers based on directions in the AV stream. The marking on the Clip is done by adding the address-based information that indicates the image of the brand point to the list of marks. On the other hand, the removal of the mark is done by removing from the list of marks the address-based information indicated by the image of the brand point. Consequently, the continuous AV flow does not change in any way by the establishment of marks or the elimination of marks.

p00105A thumbnail image is explained below. The thumbnail image is a still image added to the Volume, the PlayList and the Clip. There are two types of thumbnail image, one of them being a thumbnail image as a representative image that indicates the content. This is generally used in a main image for the user to select what they want to see by acting on a cursor, not shown. Another type of thumbnail image is an image that indicates a scene marked by the brand.

p00106The Volume and the respective Playlists need to have representative images. It is assumed that the images representative of the Volume are used to initially display a still image representing the contents of the disc when the disc is mounted in position in the recording and / or playback apparatus 1. It is noted that disc means the recording medium 100 , which is assumed to have a disk shape. It is assumed that the representative image of the PlayList is used as a still image to represent content of the PlayList.

p00107As a representative image of the PlayList, the use of the initial image of the PlayList can be considered as a miniature image (representative image). However, the initial image at the playing time of 0 is not necessarily an optimal image that represents the content. Thus, the user is allowed to set an optional image as a thumbnail image of the PlayList. The two types of thumbnails, that is, the thumbnail image as a representative image that indicates the Volume and the thumbnail image as a representative image that indicates PlayList, are called menu thumbnails. Since the menu thumbnails are frequently displayed, these thumbnails need to be read at a high speed from the disc. In this way, it is effective to store all menu thumbnail images in a single file. It is not necessary that the menu thumbnails be images extracted from the moving images in the volume, but they can be an image captured from a personal computer or a digital camera, as shown in Fig. 10.

p00108On the other hand, the Clip and the PlayList need to be marked with various brands, while the images of the brand points need to be easily visualized to capture the content of the brand positions. The image that indicates that brand point is called the brand thumbnail image. Therefore, the image that is the original of the brand thumbnail image is usually a brand point image extracted instead of an image captured from the outside.

p00109Fig. 11 shows the relationship between the brand attached to the PlayList and the brand thumbnail image, while Fig. 12 shows the relationship between the brand attached to the Clip and the brand thumbnail image. Unlike the menu thumbnail, the brand thumbnail image is used, for example, in a sub-menu to represent details of the PlayList, although it is not required to be read with a short access time. Thus, each time a thumbnail image is required, the recording and / or playback apparatus 1 opens a file and reads a portion of the file, while there is no problem even if the opening of the file and reading a file portion of the file by the recording and / or playback apparatus 1 consumes some time.

p00110In order to reduce the number of files present in a volume, it is preferred that all brand thumbnail images be stored in a single file. Although the PlayList may have a menu thumbnail and several branded thumbnails, the user is not required to select the Clip directly (usually, the Clip is selected through the PlayList), and therefore there is no need to Provide thumbnail menu images.

p00111Fig. 13 shows the relationship between menu thumbnails, brand thumbnails, PlayList and Clips. In the menu thumbnail file, thumbnail menu images provided from one PlayList to another are archived. The menu thumbnail file contains a volume thumbnail image that represents the content of data recorded on the disc. In the menu thumbnail file, thumbnails created from one PlayList to another and from one Clip to another are archived.

p00112Hereinafter, the ICC (Characteristic Points Information) is explained herein. The CPI is data contained in the Fragment Information file and is mainly used to find an address of the data in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow in which to start reading the data when a time indication of the access point is provided for the clip. In the present embodiment, two classes of the CPI are used, one of them is EP-map and the other TU-map.

p00113The EP_map is data from an entry point list (EP) extracted from the elementary continuous flow and the continuous transport flow. It has the address information used to find the place of the entry points in the AV continuous stream at which to start decoding. The data of an EP consists of a presentation time stamp (PTS) and an address of the data in the continuous flow AV of the access unit associated with the TPS, the address of the data being matched with the PTS.

p00114The EP_map is mainly used for two purposes. First, it is used to find an address of the data in the continuous AV stream in the access unit to which the PTS sends in the PlayList. Second, the EP_map is used for fast forward playback or fast reverse playback. If, in the recording of the continuous AV input stream by the recording and / or playback apparatus 1, the syntax of the continuous flow can be analyzed, the EP_map is created and it is recorded on the disc.

p00115The TU_map has a list of the time unit data (TU), which is obtained from the time of arrival of the transport package introduced through a digital interface. This provides the relationship between the time based on the arrival time and the direction of the data in the continuous AV flow. When the device

p00117recording and / or playback 1 records a continuous AV input stream, and the syntax of the continuous stream cannot be analyzed, a TU_map is created and it is recorded on the disc.

p00118The STCInfo stores the information of discontinuous points in the AV stream file that stores the MPEG-2 transport stream 5.

p00119When the continuous AV stream has STC dashed points, the same PTS values ​​may appear in the AV continuous stream file. Thus, if an instant of time in the continuous AV stream is specified on the basis of the PTS, the PTS of the access point is insufficient to specify the instant. In addition, a

p0012010 Index of the continuous STC domain that contains the PTS. In this format, the continuous STC domain and its index are called the STC sequence and the STC sequence id, respectively. The STC sequence information is defined by the STCInfo of the Fragment Information file.

p00121The STC sequence id is used in an AV stream file and is optional in the AV stream 15 file that has the TU_map.

p00122The programs are each a collection of elementary continuous flows and together have a single system time base for synchronized reproduction of these continuous flows.

p00123twenty It is useful for a reproduction apparatus (recording and / or reproduction apparatus 1 of Fig. 1) to know the contents of a continuous AV stream before decoding. This content includes, for example, PID values ​​of a transport packet that transmits an elementary continuous stream of audio or video or the type of audio or video components, such as continuous stream of HDTV video or MPEG-2 AAC audio. This information is useful for creating a menu screen to illustrate to the user the content of the PlayList that refers to the continuous AV stream. It is useful of

p0012425 similar way to set the initial state of the AV decoder and demultiplexer of the respective apparatus.

p00125For this reason, the Fragment Information file has Programlnfo to illustrate the content of the program.

p00126It may be the case that the content of the program in the AV stream file changes in which it is

p0012730 Stores the MPEG-2 continuous transport stream. For example, the PID of the transport packet that transmits the elementary continuous stream of video can be changed, or the component type of the continuous stream of video can be changed from SDTV to HDTV.

p00128The Program stores information about points of change of program content in the flow file

p0012935 continuous AV. The domain of the AV stream file in which the program content remains constant is called the program sequence.

p00130This program sequence is used in an AV stream file that has EP_map and is optional in an AV stream file that has TU_map.

p0013140 The present embodiment defines the format of the continuous self-coding flow (SEFS). The SESF is used to encode analog input signals and to decode digital input signals in order to subsequently encode the decoded signal in a continuous MPEG-2 transport stream.

p00132Four. Five The SESF defines a relevant elementary continuous flow of the MPEG-2 transport continuous flow and the AV continuous flow. When the recording and / or playback apparatus 1 encodes and records input signals in the SESF, an EP_map is created and recorded on the disc.

p00133A continuous stream of digital broadcasting uses one of the following systems to record on the media

p00134fifty Recording 100: First, the continuous stream of digital broadcasting is transcoded into a continuous stream of SESF. In this case, the recorded continuous stream must be adjusted to the SESF and the EP_map must be prepared and recorded on the disc.

p00135Alternatively, an elementary continuous stream that forms a continuous stream of digital broadcasting, will be transcoded into

p0013655 a new elementary continuous stream and re-multiplexed to a new continuous stream of transport that conforms to the format of the continuous stream prescribed by the organization to normalize the continuous stream of digital broadcasting. In this case, an EP_map must be created and it must be written to disk.

p00137For example, the continuous input stream is assumed to be a continuous MPEG-2 transport stream that conforms to

p0013860 the ISDB (standardized designation of the digital BS of Japan), the continuous transport stream containing the continuous HDTV video stream and the continuous MPEG AAC audio stream. The continuous stream of HDTV video is transcoded into a continuous stream of SDTV video, said continuous stream of SDTV video being re-multiplexed and the continuous stream of original ACC audio to the TS. The continuous SDTV stream and the continuous stream of transport both need to conform to the ISDB format.

p00140Another recording system of the digital broadcast continuous stream in the recording medium 100 is to make a transparent recording of the continuous stream of input transport, that is, record the continuous stream of input transport without changes, in which case the EP_map is formulated and it is recorded on the disc.

p001415 Alternatively, the continuous input transport stream is recorded transparently, that is, a continuous input transport stream is recorded unchanged, in which case, the TU_map is created and recorded on the disk.

p00142Hereinafter the directory and the file are explained herein. The recording and / or playback apparatus 1 is hereafter referred to as DVR (digital video recording). Fig. 14 shows a directory structure

p0014310 Typical on disk. The DVR disk directories can be listed through a root directory that includes the "DVR" directory, and the "DVR" directory, which includes the "PLAYLIST" directory, the "CLIPINF" directory, the "M2TS" directory, and the "DATA" directory, as shown in Fig. 14. Although directories other than those mentioned can be created under the root directory, these are omitted in the application format of the present embodiment.

p00144fifteen Under the "DATA" directory, all files and directories prescribed by the DVR application format are stored. The "DVR" directory includes four directories. The Real PlayList and Virtual PlayList database files are placed under the "PLAYLIST" directory. The last directory may exist in a state devoid of PlayList.

p00145twenty Under "CLIPINF" a Clip database is placed. This directory may also exist in a state devoid of AV stream files. In the "DATA" directory, data broadcast files, such as digital TV broadcasting, are stored.

p00146The "DVR" directory stores the following files: That is, an "info.dvr" is created under the DVR directory to

p0014725 store the exhaustive information of an application layer. Under the DVR directory, there must be only one info.dvr. The file name is supposed to be set to info.dvr. The "menu.thmb" stores the relevant information of the thumbnail menu images. Under the DVR directory, there must be 0 or 1 brand thumbnail image. The file name is supposed to be set to "menu.thmb". If there is no menu thumbnail, this file may not exist.

p0014830 The "mark.thmb" file stores the relevant information of the brand thumbnail image. Under the DVR directory, there must be 0 or 1 brand thumbnail image. The file name is supposed to be set to "menu.thmb". If there is no menu thumbnail, this file may not exist.

p0014935 The "PLAYLIST" directory stores two kinds of PlayList files, which are Real PlayList and Virtual PlayList. A "xxxxx.rpls" file stores the relevant information of a Real PlayList. A file is created for each Real PlayList. The file name is "xxxxx.rpls", where "xxxxx" indicates five numerical numbers from 0 to 9. An extension of the file must be "rpls".

p0015040 The "yyyyy.vpls" stores the relevant information of a Virtual PlayList. A file with a file name "yyyyy.vpls" is created from one Virtual PlayList to another, where "yyyyy" indicates five numerical numbers from 0 to 9. An extension of the file must be "vpls".

p00151The "CLIPINF" directory stores a file in association with each AV stream file. The "zzzzz.clpi" is

p00152Four. Five a Fragment Information file that corresponds to an AV continuous stream file (Fragment AV Bridge continuous stream file or Bridge-Clip continuous stream file). The file name is "zzzzz.clpi", where "zzzzz" indicates five numerical numbers from 0 to 9. An extension of the file must be "clpi".

p00153The "M2TS" directory stores an AV stream file. The file "zzzzz.m2ts" is a flow file

p00154fifty AV continuous managed by the DVR system. That is, a fragment AV Continuous Flow file or a Fragment-Bridge AV continuous flow file. The file name is "zzzzz.m2ts", where "zzzzz" indicates five numerical numbers from 0 to 9. An extension of the file must be "m2ts".

p00155The "DATA" directory stores data transmitted from the data broadcast. This data can be, for example, XML or MPEG files.

p00156The syntax and semantics of each directory (file) are explained below. Fig. 15 shows the syntax of the "info.dvr" file. The "info.dvr" file is composed of three objects, that is, DVRVolume (), TableOfPlayLists () and MakersPrivateData ().

p0015760 The syntax of info.dvr that is shown in Fig. 15 is explained. The TableOfPlayLists_Start_adress (Start_Directory_Table_Directory) indicates the initial address of the TableOfPlayLists () in terms of the relative number of bytes from the initial byte of the "info.dvr" file. The relative number of bytes is counted starting from 0.

p00158The MakersPrivateData_Start_address (Home_Data_PrivateDataManufacturer) indicates the initial address of the MakersPrivateData (), in terms of the relative number of bytes from the initial byte of the "info.dvr" file. The relative number of bytes is counted from 0. The padding_word (full_word) is inserted in association with the "info.dvr" syntax. N1 and N2 are optional positive integers. Each fill word can adopt an optional value.

p00159The DVRVolume () (VolumeDVR ()) stores the information that expresses the content of the volume (disk). Fig. 16 shows the syntax of the DVRVolume. The syntax of the DVRVolume (), shown in Fig. 16, is explained below. The version_number (version_number) indicates four letters indicating the version numbers of the DVRVolume (). The version_number will be encoded in "0045" in association with ISO646.

p00160The length is indicated by unsigned 32-bit integers that indicate the number of bytes from directly after the length field to the end end of DVRVolume ().

p00161The ResumeVolume () (Resume Volume ()) memorizes the file name of the Real PlayList or Virtual PlayList played in the Volume. However, the playback position when the user has interrupted the playback of the Real PlayList or the Virtual PlayList is stored in the resume mark defined in the PlayListMark () (PlaylistList ()) (see Figs. 42 and 43).

p00162Fig. 17 shows the syntax of ResumeVolume (). The syntax of the ResumeVolume () shown in Fig.

p0016317. The valid_flag (valid_ flag) indicates that the resume_PlayList_name field (renameListPlayList_name) is valid or invalid when this 1-bit flag is set to 1 or 0, respectively.

p00164The 10-byte field of resume_PlayList_name indicates the file name of the Real PlayList or Virtual PlayList to resume.

p00165The UIAppInfoVolume in the syntax of the DVRVolume (), shown in Fig. 16, stores user interface application parameters related to the Volume. Fig. 18 shows the syntax of UIAppInfoVolume, whose semantics are explained below. The 8-bit field of character_set (set_characters) indicates the encoding method for character letters encoded in the Volume_name field. The coding method corresponds to the values ​​shown in Fig. 19.

p00166The 8-bit field of the name_length (length_name) indicates the length in bytes of the Volume name indicated in the Volume_name field. The Volume_name field indicates the name of the Volume. The number of bytes of the name_length number counted from the left of the field is the number of valid characters and indicates the denomination of the volume. The following values ​​of these valid character letters can be any values.

p00167The Volume_protect_flag (Volume_protection_ Flag) is a flag that indicates whether or not the content in the Volume can be displayed to the user without limitations. If this flag is set to 1, the contents of the Volume are allowed to be presented (reproduced) to the user only in the event that the user has successfully entered the PIN number (password). If this flag is set to 0, the contents of the Volume are allowed to be presented to the user even if the PIN number is not entered by the user.

p00168If, when the user has inserted a disc into a player, this flag has been set to 0, or the flag is set to 1 but the user has successfully entered the PIN number, the recording and / or playback device 1 shows A list of the PlayList on disk. The limitations on the reproduction of the respective PlayLists are irrelevant for the Volume_protect_flag and are indicated by the playback_control_flag (flag_production_control_flag) defined in the UIAppInfoVolume.

p00169The PIN is composed of four numerical numbers from 0 to 9, each of which is encoded in accordance with ISO / IEC 646. The field ref_thumbnail_index (index_iminiature_figure) indicates the information of a thumbnail image added to the Volume. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is of a value other than 0xFFFF, a thumbnail image is added to the Volume. The thumbnail image is stored in a menu.thumb file. It refers to the image using the value of ref_thumbnail_index in the menu.thumb file. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is 0xFFFF, this indicates that a thumbnail image has been added to the Volume.

p00170The syntax of TableOfPlayList () is explained in the info.dvr shown in Fig. 15. The TableOfPlayList () stores the file name of the PlayList (Real PlayList and Virtual PlayList). All PlayList files recorded in the Volume are contained in the TableOfPlayList (), which TableOfPlayList () indicates the default playback sequence of the PlayList in the Volume.

p00171Fig. 20 shows the syntax of the TableOfPlayList (), which is explained below. The version_number of the TableOfPlayList () indicates four letters of characters that indicate the version numbers of the TableOfPlayLists. The version_number must be encoded in "0045" in accordance with ISO 646.

p00172The length is a 32-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of bytes of the TableOfPlayList () from directly after the length field to the end of the TableOfPlayList (). The 16-bit field of the number_of_PlayLists (number_of_Playlists) indicates the number of cycles corresponding to the “for” loop including the PlayList_file_name (file_name_PlayList). This numerical figure must be equal to the number of PlayLists recorded in the Volume. The 10-byte number of the PlayList_file_name indicates the file name of the PlayLists.

p00173Fig. 21 shows another syntax configuration of the TableOfPlayList (). The syntax shown in Fig. 21 is composed of the syntax shown in Fig. 20 in which the UIAppInfoPlayList is contained. Through a structure that includes the UIAppInfoPlayList, it is possible to create a menu image simply by reading the TableOfPlayLists. The following explanation assumes the use of the syntax shown in Fig. 20.

p00174The MakersPrivateData is explained in the info.dvr shown in Fig. 15. The MakersPrivateData is provided to allow the manufacturer of the recording and / or playback device 1 to insert private data from the manufacturer into the MakersPrivateData () for special applications of different companies . The private data of each manufacturer have a standard maker_ID (manufacturer_ID) to identify the manufacturer that has defined it. The MakersPrivateData () can contain one or more maker_ID.

p00175If a preset manufacturer intends to insert private data, and the private data of a different manufacturer is already contained in the MakersPrivateData (), the new private data is added to the MakersPrivateData () without deleting the existing old private data. In this way, in the present embodiment, the private data of various manufacturers can be contained in a MakersPrivateData ().

p00176Fig. 22 shows the syntax of the MakersPrivateData. The syntax of the MakersPrivateData shown in Fig. 22 is explained. The version_number of the TableOfPlayList () indicates four letters of characters that indicate the version numbers of the TableOfPlayLists. The version_number must be encoded in "0045" in accordance with ISO 646. The length is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the number of bytes of the TableOfPlayList () from directly after the length field to the end of the MakersPrivateData ().

p00177The mpd_blocks_start_address (home_directory_blocks_mpd) indicates the address of the initial end of the first mpd_block () in terms of the relative number of bytes from the initial byte of the MakersPrivateData (). The number_of_maker_entries (manufacturer_input_number) is the 16-bit integer without code that provides the number of private manufacturer data entries included in the MakersPrivateData (). There should not be two or more private manufacturer data that have the same maker_ID values ​​in the MakersPrivateData ().

p00178The mpd_blocks_size (size_blocks_mpd) is an unsigned 16-bit integer that provides a size of the mpd_block in terms of 1,024 bytes as a unit. For example, if mpd_block_size = 1, this indicates that the size of a mpd_block is 1,024 bytes. The number_of_mpd_blocks (number_of_blocks_mpd) is a 16-bit unsigned integer that provides the number of mpd_blocks contained in the MakersPrivateData (). The maker_ID is the 16-bit unsigned integer that indicates the code of the DVR system model number that created the manufacturer's private data. The value encoded in the maker_ID is specified by the licensor.

p00179The maker_model_code (manufacturer_model_code) is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the code of the DVR system model number that created the manufacturer's private data. The value encoded in the maker_model_code is set by the manufacturer who has received the format license. The start_mpd_block_number (start_mpd_block_number) is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the number of the mpd_block number at which the manufacturer's private data begins. The initial end of the manufacturer's private data must be aligned with the initial end of the mpd_block. The start_mpd_block_number corresponds to a variable j in the "for" loop of the mpd_block.

p00180The mpd_length (length_mpd) is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the size of the manufacturer's private data. The mpd_block is an area in which private data of the manufacturer is stored. All mpd_blocks in the MakersPrivateData () must be the same size.

p00181The Real PlayList file and the Virtual PlayList file are explained, in other words xxxxx.rpls and yyyyy.vpls. Fig. 23 shows the syntax of xxxxx.rpls (Real PlayList) and yyyyy.vpls (Virtual PlayList), which have the same syntax structure. Each of xxxxx.rpls and yyyyy.vpls is made up of three objects, that is, PlayList (), PlayListMark () and MakersPrivateData ().

p00182The PlayListMark_Start_address (PlayList_Brand_Home_Address) indicates the initial address of the PlayListMark (), in terms of the relative number of bytes from the initial end of the PlayList file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from scratch.

p00183The MakersPrivateData_Start_address indicates the initial address of the MakersPrivateData (), in terms of the relative number of bytes from the initial end of the PlayList file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from scratch.

p00184The padding_word (fill word) is inserted according to the syntax of the PlayList file, with N1 and N2 being optional positive integers. Each fill word can adopt an optional value.

p00185The PlayList will be explained further below, although it has been explained briefly. To a domain of reproduction in all Clips except the Fragment-Bridge must send all PlayList on the disk. In addition, two or more Real PlayLists should not overlap with the playback domains shown by their PlayItems in the same Clip.

p00186Reference is made to Figs. 24A, 24B and 24C. For all Clips, there are corresponding Real PlayLists, as shown in Fig. 24A. This rule is observed even after the editing operation has come to an end, as shown in Fig. 24B. Therefore, all Clips must be viewed by referral to one of the Real PlayLists.

p00187Referring to Fig. 24C, the replay domain of the Virtual PlayList must be contained in the replay domain and in the Fragment-Bridge replay domain. There must not be present on the disk, any Fragment-Bridge to which no Virtual PlayList refers.

p00188The Real PlayList, which contains the Playltem list, must not contain SubPlayltem. The Virtual PlayList contains the Playltem list and, if the CPI_type contained in the PlayList () is the EP_map type and the PlayList_type is 0 (PlayList that contains video and audio), the Virtual PlayList can contain a SubPLayltem. In the PlayList () in the present embodiment, the SubPlayltem is used only for audio post-recording. The number of SubPlayItems owned by a Virtual PlayList must be 0 or 1.

p00189Hereinafter the PlayList is explained herein. Fig. 25 shows the syntax of the PlayList which is explained below. The version_number indicates four letters of characters that indicate the PlayList () version numbers. The version_number is encoded in "0045" in association with ISO 646. The length is a 32-bit unsigned integer that indicates the total number of bytes of the PlayList () from directly after the length field to the end end of the PlayList (). The PlayList_type, an example of which is shown in Fig. 26, is an 8-bit field that indicates the type of the PlayList.

p00190CPI_type is a one-bit flag that indicates the value of the Clip CPI_type to which the Playltem () and the SubPlayltem () refers. The CPI_types defined in the CPIs of all Clips to which a PlayList refers, must be of the same values. The number_of_PlayItems (number_of_ElementsPlayback) is a 16-bit field that indicates the number of Playltems present in the PlayList.

p00191The PlayItem_id (PlayPart_ID) that corresponds to the preset Playltem () is defined by the sequence in which the Playltem () appears in the “for” loop that contains the Playltem (). The Playltem_id starts with 0. The number_of_SubPlayItems (number_of_SubElementsPlayback) is a 16-bit field that indicates the number of SubPlayltem in the PlayList. This value is 0 or 1. An additional continuous audio stream path (continuous audio stream path) is a sub-path class.

p00192The UIAppInfoPlayList of the PlayList syntax shown in Fig. 25 is explained. The UIAppInfoPlayList stores user interface application parameters that refer to the PlayList. Fig. 27 shows the syntax of the UIAppInfoPlayList, which is explained below. The character_set (set_characters) is an 8-bit field that indicates the method for encoding character letters encoded in the PlayList_name field (PlayList_name). The coding method corresponds to the values ​​that fit the table shown in Fig. 19.

p00193The name_length is an 8-bit field that indicates the length in bytes of the name of the PlayList indicated in the PlayList_name field. The PlayList_name field shows the name of the PlayList. The number of bytes of the name_length number, counted from the left of the field, is the number of valid characters and indicates the name of the PlayList. The values ​​that follow these valid character letters can be any values.

p00194The record_time_and_date (time_and_date_date) is a 56-bit field that stores the date and time at which the PlayList was recorded. This field is 14 numerical figures for year / month / day / hour / minute / second coded in binary coded decimals (BCD). For example, 2001/12/23: 01: 02: 03 is encoded in "0x20011223010203".

p00195The duration is a 24-bit field that indicates the total playtime of the PlayList in terms of hour / minute / second as a unit. This field is six numerical figures coded in binary coded decimals (BCD). For example, 01:45:30 is encoded in "0x014530".

p00196The valid_period (valid_period) is a 32-bit field that indicates the valid time periods of the PlayList. This field is 8 numeric digits encoded in 4-bit binary encoded decimals (BCD). The valid_period is used in the recording and / or playback device 1, for example when the PlayList, for which the valid period has elapsed, is automatically deleted. For example, 2001/05/07 is encoded in "0x20010507".

p00197The maker_ID is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the manufacturer of the DVR player (the recording and / or playback device 1) that has been the last to update its PlayList. The value encoded in maker_ID is assigned to the licensee of the DVR format. The maker_code (manufacturer_code) is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the DVR player model number that was the last to update the PlayList. The value encoded in the maker_code is determined by the manufacturer who has received the DVR format license.

p00198If the playback_control_flag flag is set to 1, its PlayList is played only when the user successfully enters the PIN number. If this flag is set to 0, the user can display the PlayList without the need to enter the PIN number.

p00199If the write_protect_flag (write_protection_ flag) is set to 1, the PlayList content is not deleted or changed except write_protect_flag. If this flag is set to 0, the user is free to delete or change the PlayList. If this flag is set to 1, the recording and / or playback device 1 displays a message requesting reconfirmation by the user before the user proceeds to delete, edit or overwrite the PlayList.

p00200The Real PlayList, in which the write_protect_flag is set to 0, may exist, the Virtual PlayList, which refers to the PlayList clip may exist, and the write_protect_flag of the Virtual PlayList can be set to 1. If the user wishes to delete the Real PlayList, the recording and / or playback device 1 issues an alarm to the user in relation to the presence of the Virtual PlayList mentioned above, or "minimizes" the Real PlayList before deleting the Real PlayList.

p00201If is_played_flag (flag_se_ha_reproduced) is set to 1, as shown in Fig. 28B, this indicates that the PlayList was played at least once since it was recorded, while if set to 0, it indicates that the PlayList does not It was played not even once since it was recorded.

p00202Archive is a two-bit field that indicates whether the PlayList is an original or a copy, as shown in Fig. 28C. The ref_thumbnail_index field indicates the information of a representative thumbnail of the PlayList. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is of a value other than 0xFFFFF, a representative thumbnail of the PlayList is added to the PlayList, the PlayList being stored in the menu.thmb file. It refers to the image using the value of ref_thumbnail_index in the menu.thmb file. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is 0xFFFF, no representative thumbnail of the PlayList is added to the PlayList.

p00203Hereinafter the Playltem is explained herein. A Playltem () basically contains the following data: Clip_Information_file_name (fragment_Information_file_name) to specify the Clip's file name, IN-time and OUT-time, paired with each other to specify the Clip's playback domain, STC_sequence_id (STC_sequence_id) to which IN-time and OUT-time refer in case of that the CPI_type defined in PlayList () is the type EP_map, and Connection_Condition that indicates the connection condition of the previous Playltem and the current Playltem.

p00204If the PlayList is composed of two or more Playltems, these Playltems are arranged in a row, without overlapping or temporal separation, on the global time axis of the PlayList. If the CPI_type defined in the PlayList is the EP_map type and the current PlayList does not have the BridgeSequence (), the IN-time and OUT-time pair must indicate the same time in the continuous STC domain as specified by the STC_sequence_id. Said case is shown in Fig. 29.

p00205Fig. 30 shows a case in which the CPI_type defined by PlayList () and, if the current Playltem has the BridgeSequence (), the rules are applied as explained below. The IN_time of the Playltem prior to the current Playltem, shown as IN_time1, indicates the time in the Fragment-Bridge specified in the BridgeSequencelnfo () of the current Playltem. This OUT_time must obey the coding limitations that will be explained later.

p00206The IN_time of the current Playltem, shown as IN_time2, indicates the time in the Fragment-Bridge specified in the BridgeSequencelnfo () of the current Playltem. This IN_time must also obey the coding limitations as explained below. The OUT_time of Playltem corresponding to the current Playltem, shown as OUT_time2, indicates the time in the continuous STC domain specified by STC_sequence_id of the current Playltem.

p00207If the PlayList () CPI_type is the type TU_map, the IN_time and the OUT_time of Playltem, paired with each other, indicate the time in the same Continuous Fragment AV Flow, as shown in Fig. 31.

p00208The syntax of the Playltem is as shown in Fig. 32. As for the syntax of the Playltem, shown in Fig. 32, the Clip_Information_file_name field indicates the file name of Fragment Information. The Clip_stream_type defined by the ClipInfo () of this Fragment Information file must indicate the AV Continuous Fragment Flow.

p00209The STC_sequence_id is an 8-bit field and indicates the STC_sequence_id of the continuous STC domain to which the Playltem refers. If the CPI_type specified in the PlayList () is type TU_map, this 8-bit field has no meaning and is set to 0. The IN_time is a 32-bit field and is used to store the Playltem playback start time. . The semantics of the IN_time differs with the CPI_type defined in the PlayList (), as shown in Fig.

p0021033.

p00211The OUT_time S is a 32-bit field and is used to store the final playing time of the Playltem. The semantics of the OUT_time differs from the CPI_type defined in the PlayList (), as shown in Fig. 34.

p00212The Connection_condition is a 2-bit field that indicates the connection condition between the previous Playltem and the current Playltem, as shown in Fig. 35. Figs. 36A through 36D illustrate several states of the Connection_condition shown in Fig. 35.

p00213BridgeSequencelnfo is explained in reference to Fig. 37. This BridgeSequencelnfo is the auxiliary information of the current Playltem and includes the following information. That is, BridgeSequencelnfo includes Bridge_Clip_Information_file_name (file_name_Fragment_Information_Power) to specify the AV file of the Bridge_Clip and a Bridge_Clip_Information_file_name that specifies the corresponding Fragment Information file (Fig. 45).

p00214It is also an address of a source packet in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow to which the previous Playltem refers. Next to this source packet is the first source packet of the Fragment-Bridge continuous AV stream. This address is called RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip (RSPN_output_of_Fragment_previous). It is also an address of the source packet in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow to which the current Playltem refers. In front of this source package, the last source package of the AV stream file of the Bridge_Clip is connected. This address is called RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip (RSPN_entrada_a_Fragmento_actual).

p00215In Fig. 37, the RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity (RSPN_discontinuity_time_attached) indicates an address of a source packet in the continuous AV flow of the Bridge_Clip where there is a dotted point at the base of arrival times. This address is defined in ClipInfo () (Fig. 46).

p00216Fig. 38 shows the syntax of the BridgeSequencelnfo (BridgeSequence Info). Returning to the BridgeSequencelnfo syntax shown in Fig. 38, the Bridge_Clip_Information_file_name field indicates the file name of the Fragment Information file that corresponds to the Bridge_Clip_Information_file. The Clip_stream_type defined in the ClipInfo () of this Fragment Information file must indicate the 'continuous AV stream of the Bridge_Clip'.

p00217The 32-bit field of RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip is a relative address of a source packet in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow to which the previous Playltem refers. Next to this source package is connected the first source package of the AV stream file of the Bridge_Clip. The RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip is sized based on the number of the source package as a unit, and the offset_SPN value defined in the ClipInfo () is counted from the first source package of the fragment AV Continuous Flow file to which the previous Playltem refers .

p00218The 32-bit field of RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip is the relative address of the source packet in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow to which the current Playltem refers. In front of this source package, the last source package of the AV stream file of the Bridge_Clip is connected. The RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip has a size that is based on the source package number as a unit. The RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip has the value of offset_SPN, defined in ClipInfo () from the first source package of the fragment AV Continuous Flow file to which the current Playltem refers, as the initial value.

p00219The SubPlayltem is explained in reference to Fig. 39. The use of the SubPlayltem () is allowed only if the CPI_type of the PlayList () is the type EP_map. In the present embodiment, the SubPlayltem is used only for audio post-recording. The SubPlayltem () includes the following data. First, include the Clip_Information_file_name to specify the Clip to which the subpath in the PlayList refers.

p00220It also includes the SubPath_IN_time (SubPath_Input_time) and the SubPath_OUT_time (SubPath_OURCE_time) to specify the sub-path's playback domain in the Clip. Additionally, it includes the sync_PlayItem_id and the start_PTS_of_PlayItem (PTS_start_of_ElementReproduction) to specify the start time of the sub-route's reproduction in the time axis of the main route. The Continuous AV Flow of the fragment, to which the sub-route refers, must not contain STC discontinuous points (discontinuous points of the system time base). The audio sample clocks of the Clip used in the sub-route are engaged with the clocks of the audio samples of the main route.

p00221Fig. 40 shows the syntax of the SubPlayltem. Returning to the SubPlayltem syntax, shown in Fig. 40, the Clip_Information_file_name field indicates the file name of the Fragment Information file and is

p00222used by a sub-route in the PlayList. The Clip_stream_type (Continuous_Flow_Flow_type) defined in this ClipInfo () must indicate the AV Continuous Fragment Flow.

p00223An 8-bit field of sync_PlayItem_id indicates the type of subpath. In this case, only '0x00' is set, as shown in Fig. 41, while other values ​​are reserved for future use.

p00224The 8-bit field of sync_PlayItem_id indicates the PlayItem_id of the Playltem that contains the start-up time of the sub-path on the time axis of the main path. The value of Playltem_id corresponding to the preset Playltem is defined in the PlayList () (Fig. 25).

p00225A 32-bit field of sync_start_PTS_of_PlayItem (PTS_Start_Home_Play_Item) indicates the start-up time of the sub-path on the time axis of the main path, and indicates the top 32 bits of the PTS (presentation time stamp) in the Playltem to which the sync_PlayItem_id refers. The upper 32-bit field of the SubPath_IN_time stores the start time of the sub-path playback. The SubPath_IN_time indicates 32 upper bits of the 33-bit PTS that corresponds to the first display unit in the sub-path.

p00226The upper 32-bit field of SubPath_OUT_time stores the final time of sub-path playback. SubPath_OUT_time indicates 32 bits higher than the value of the Presentation_end_TS (TS_fin_presentación), calculated using the following equation:

p00227Presentation_end_TS = PTS_OUT (PTS_SALIDA) + AU_duration (duration_AU)

p00228where PTS_out is the PTS 33 bits in length corresponding to the last presentation unit of the SubPath and AU_duration is the 90 kHz based display period of the last presentation unit of the SubPath.

p00229Next, PlayListMark () is explained in the syntax of xxxxx.rpls and yyyyy.vpls shown in Fig. 23. The relevant brand information of the PlayList is stored in this PlayListMark. Fig. 42 shows the syntax of PlayListMark. Returning to the syntax of the PlayListMark shown in Fig. 42, the version_number is four character letters that indicate the version number of this PlayListMark (). The version_number must be encoded in "0045" in accordance with ISO 646.

p00230Length is a 32-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of bytes of PlayListMark () from directly after the length field to the end of the PlayListMark (). The number_of_PlayListMarks is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the number of marks stored in the PlayListMark. The number_of_PlayListMarks can be zero. The mark_type is an 8-bit field that indicates the type of the mark and is encoded in the table shown in Fig. 43.

p00231A 32-bit field of mark_time_stamp stores a time stamp that indicates the point specified by the mark. The semantics of the mark_time_stamp differ with the CPI_type defined in the PlayList (), as shown in Fig. 44. The Playltem_id is an 8-bit field that specifies the Playltem where the mark is placed. The PlayItem_id values ​​that correspond to a preset Playltem are defined in the PlayList () (see Fig. 25).

p00232An 8-bit field of character_set shows the method of encoding character letters encoded in the mark_name field. The coding method corresponds to values ​​shown in Fig. 19. The 8-bit field of name_length indicates the length in bytes of the brand name shown in the mark_name field. The mark_name field indicates the brand name indicated in the mark_name field. The number of bytes that corresponds to the number of name_lengths from the left of this field is the effective character letters and indicates the brand name. In the mark_name field, the value that follows these effective character letters can be arbitrary.

p00233The ref_thumbnail_index field indicates the information of the thumbnail image added to the mark. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is not 0xFFFF, a thumbnail image is added to your brand, the thumbnail image is stored in the mark.thmb file. This image is referred to in the mark.thmb file, using the value of ref_thumbnail_index, as explained below. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is 0xFFFF, this indicates that no thumbnail image is added to the mark.

p00234The Fragment Information file is explained below. The zzzzz.clpi (Fragment Information file) is composed of six objects, as shown in Fig. 45. These are Cliplnfo (), STC_Info (), Program (), CPI (), ClipMark () and MakersPrivateData (). For the AV continuous flow (Fragment-Bridge AV continuous flow of fragment or AV continuous flow) and the corresponding Fragment Information file, the same string of numbers "zzzzz" is used.

p00235Returning to the syntax of zzzzz.clpi (Fragment Information file) shown in Fig. 45, it is explained. The Cliplnfo_Start_address indicates the address of the initial end of ClipInfo () with the relative number of bytes

p00236from the byte of the initial end of the zzzzz.clpi file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from scratch.

p00237The STC_Info_Start_address (ST_Info_Info_Address) indicates the address of the initial end of STC_Info, with the relative number of bytes from the byte of the initial end of the zzzzz.clpi file as a unit. The Programlnfo_Start_address (Start_InfoProgram_Directory) indicates the address of the initial end of Programlnfo () with the relative number of bytes from the byte of the initial end of the zzzzz.clpi file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from 0. The CPI_Start_address (IPI_Home_Address) indicates the address of the initial CPI endpoint () with the relative number of bytes from the byte of the initial end of the zzzzz.clpi file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from scratch.

p00238The ClipMark_Start_address (Fragment_Brand_Home Address) indicates the address of the initial end of ClipMark () with the relative number of bytes from the byte of the initial end of the zzzzz.clpi file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from scratch. The MakersPrivateData_Start_address indicates the address of the initial end of MakersPrivateData () with the relative number of bytes from the byte of the initial end of the zzzzz.clpi file as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from scratch. The padding_word is inserted according to the syntax of the zzzzz.clpi file. N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5 must be zero or optional positive integers. The respective fill words also adopt optional values.

p00239The Cliplnfo is explained below. Fig. 46 shows the syntax of Cliplnfo. Fig. 46 shows the syntax of Cliplnfo. ClipInfo () stores the information of attributes of corresponding AV stream files (fragment AV Continuous File or Fragment-Bridge AV Continuous File).

p00240Returning to the syntax of the Cliplnfo shown in Fig. 46, the version_number is the four character letters that indicate the version number of this ClipInfo (). The version_number must be encoded in "0045" according to ISO 646. Length is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the number of bytes of Cliplnfo () from directly behind the length field to the final end of the ClipInfo (). An 8-bit field of Clip_stream_type indicates the type of continuous AV stream that corresponds to the Fragment Information file, as shown in Fig.

p0024147 The types of continuous flow of the respective continuous AV flows will be explained later.

p00242The 32-bit field of offset_SPN provides a offset value of the source packet number corresponding to the first source packet number of the first source packet of the AV stream (Fragment AV stream or the Fragment-Bridge AV stream). When the AV stream file is first written to disk, this offset_SPN must be zero.

p00243Referring to Fig. 48, when the start portion of the AV stream file is deleted by editing, offset_SPN can take a value other than 0. In the present embodiment, the relative number of source packet (relative address) which refers to offset_SPN is often described in the form of RSPNxxx, where xxx is modified so that RSPN_xxx is RSPN_EP_start. The relative source package number is sized with the source package number as a unit and is counted from the number of the first source package of the AV stream file with the offset_SPN value as the initial value.

p00244The number of source packets from the first source packet of the AV stream file to the source packet to which the relative source packet number (SPN_xxx) refers is calculated by the following equation:

p00245SPN_xxx = RSPN_xxx - offset_SPN.

p00246Fig. 48 shows an example in which offset_SPN is 4.

p00247TS_recording_rate is a 24-bit unsigned integer, which provides a required input / output bit rate for continuous AV flow to the DVR controller unit (write unit 22) or from the DVR controller unit (read unit 28). The record_time_and_date is a 56-bit field for storing the recording date and time of the AV continuous stream corresponding to the Clip and is a coded representation of year / month / day / hour / minute in binary coded decimals (BCD) of 4 bits for 14 Numerical figures. For example 2001/2/23: 01: 02: 03 it is encoded in "0x20011223010203".

p00248The duration is a 24-bit field that indicates the total playback time of the Clip by hour / minute / second, based on clocks of arrival time. This field is six numeric digits encoded in 4-bit binary encoded decimals (BCD). For example, 01:45:30 is encoded in "0x014530"

p00249A time_controlled_flag flag (controlled_time_ flag) indicates the recording mode of an AV stream file. If this time_controlled_flag is 1, this indicates that the recording mode is a mode in which the file size is proportional to the time elapsed since the recording, so that the condition shown by the following equation:

p00250Ts_average_rate * 192/188 * (t - start_time) - a <= size_clip (t)

p00251<= TS_average_rate * 192/188 * (t - start_tme) + a

p00252where TS_average_rate (average_TS_speed) is an average bit rate of the continuous stream of transport of the continuous stream file AV expressed by bytes / second.

p00253In the previous equation, t indicates the time in seconds, while start_time is the time in which the first source packet of the AV stream file was recorded. The size_clip (t) is 10 * 192 bytes is already a constant that depends on TS_average_rate.

p00254If time_controlled_flag is set to 0, this indicates that the recording mode is not controlling in such a way that the recording time is proportional to the file size of the AV stream. For example, the continuous input transport stream is recorded in a transparent manner.

p00255If time_controlled_flag is set to 1, the 24-bit field of TS_average_rate indicates the value of TS_average_rate used in the previous equation. If time_controlled_flag is set to 0, this field has no meaning and should be set to 0. For example, the continuous stream of variable bit rate transport is encoded by the following sequence: First, the transport rate is set to value of TS_recording_rate (recording_speed_speed). The continuous video stream is encoded with a variable bit rate. The transport package is intermittently encoded without using null packages.

p00256The 32-bit field of RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity is a relative address of a site where in the Fragment-Bridge AV continuous stream file discontinuities of the arrival time base occur. The RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity is sized with the number of source packets as a unit and the offset_SPN value defined in the ClipInfo () is counted from the first source packet of the Fragment-Bridge AV continuous stream file. An absolute address in the Fragment-Bridge AV continuous stream file is calculated based on the aforementioned equation:

p00257SPN_xxx = RSPN_xxx - offset_SPN.

p00258The 144-bit field of reserved_for_system_use (reserved_for_use_system) is reserved for a system. If the is_format_identifier_valid flag (valid_format_identifier) ​​is 1, this indicates that the format_identifier (format_identifier) ​​field is effective. If the is_format_identifier_valid flag is 1, this indicates that the format_identifier field is valid. If the is_original_network_ID_valid flag (valid_original_ID_id) is 1, this indicates that the is_transport_stream_ID_valid (valid_ID_ID_transport_transport_ID) field is valid. If the is_transport_stream_ID_valid flag is 1, this indicates that the transport_stream_ID field is valid. If the is_service_ID_valid flag (valid_service_ID) is 1, this indicates that the service_ID (service_ID) field is valid.

p00259If the is_country_code_valid flag (country_valid_valid_code) is 1, this indicates that the country_code field is valid. The 32-bit field of format_identifier indicates the value of format_identifier possessed by a register descriptor (defined in ISO / IEC13818-1) in the continuous transport stream. The 16-bit field of original_network_ID (original_red_ID) indicates the value of the original_network_ID defined in the transport stream.

p00260The 16-bit field in service_ID indicates the value of service_ID defined in the transport stream. The 24-bit field of country_code shows a country code defined by ISO3166. Each character code is encoded by ISO8859-1. For example, Japan is represented as "JPN" and is encoded in "0x4A 0x50 0x4E". The stream_format_name (continuous_flow_format_name) is 15 ISO-646 character codes that show the name of an organization of the format that provides continuous flow definitions for continuous transport flows. An invalid byte in this field has a value of "0xFF".

p00261Format_identifier, original_network_ID, transport_stream_ID, service_ID, country_code and stream_format_name indicate providers of continuous transport stream services. This allows recognition of coding limitations on continuous audio and video streams and definitions of continuous stream corresponding to continuous streams of private data other than continuous streams of audio video or the SI (service information). This information can be used to check if the decoder has the ability to decode the continuous stream. If such decoding is possible, the information can be used to initialize the decoder system before starting decoding.

p00262STC_Info is explained below. The time domain in the MPEG-2 continuous transport stream that does not contain STC discontinuous points (system time base discontinuous points) is called STC_sequence (STC_sequence). In the Clip, the STC_sequence is specified by the value of STC_sequence_id. Figs. 50A and 50B illustrate a continuous STC domain. The same STC values ​​never appear in the same STC_sequence, although the maximum time extension of the Clip is limited, as explained below. Therefore, the same PTS values ​​also never appear in the same STC_sequence. If the continuous AV stream contains N discontinuous STC points, where N> 0, the Clip system's time base is divided into (N + 1) STC_sequences.

p00264STC_Info stores the address of the site where STC discontinuities (system time base discontinuities) occur. As explained in reference to Fig. 51, the RSPN_STC_start (start_STC_RSPN) indicates the address and begins at an instant of arrival time of the source package to which

p002655 It sends the same RSPN_STC_start (k + 1) and ends in an instant of arrival time of the last source packet.

p00266Fig. 52 shows the syntax of the STC_Info (Info_STC). Returning to the STC_Info syntax shown in Fig. 52, the version_number is four character letters indicating the version number of STC_Info (). The version_number must be encoded in "0045" in accordance with ISO 646.

p0026710 Length is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the number of bytes of STC_Info () from directly after this length field to the end of STC_Info. If CPI_type of the CPI () indicates the type TU_map, this length field can be set to 0. If CPI_type of CPI () indicates the type EP_map, the num_of_STC_sequence (num_of_sequence_STC) must be of a value not less than 1.

p00268fifteen An unsigned 8-bit integer of num_of_STC_sequence indicates the number of sequences in the Clip. This value indicates the number of “for” loops that follow the field. The STC_sequence_id that corresponds to the preset STC_sequence is defined by the order in which the RSPN_STC_start that corresponds to the STC_sequence appears in the “for” loop that contains the RSPN_STC_start. The STC_sequence_id starts at 0.

p00269twenty The 32-bit field of RSPN_STC_start indicates an address in which the STC_sequence begins in the AV stream file. RSPN_STC_start indicates an address in which discontinuities of the system time base occur in the AV stream file. The RSPN_STC_start can also be a relative address of the source packet that has the first PCR of the new system time base in the AV stream. He

p0027025 RSPN_STC_start is of a size based on the number of source packets and is counted from the first source packet of the AV stream file with the offset_SPN value defined in ClipInfo () as the initial value. In this AV stream file, the absolute address is calculated using the equation mentioned above, that is

p0027130 SPN_xxx = RSPN_xxx - offset_SPN.

p00272It is explained below, referring to Fig. 53, Programlnfo in the zzzz.Clip syntax shown in Fig. 45. The time domain that has the following characteristics in the Clip is called program_sequence. These characteristics are that the value of PCR_PID is not changed, the number of elementary continuous audio streams

p0027335 neither is it changed, the PID values ​​in the respective continuous video streams do not change, the encoding information defined by VideoCodinglnfo does not change, the number of elementary continuous audio streams does not change, the PID values ​​of the Continuous audio streams do not change, and that the encoding information, which is defined by the AudioCodinglnfo thereof, does not change.

p0027440 Program_sequence has only one system time base at the same time instant. Program_sequence has only one PMT at the same time. Programlnfo () stores the address of the site where program_sequence starts. RSPN_program_sequence-start (RSPN_program_starts_sequence) indicates the address.

p00275Four. Five Fig. 54 illustrates the syntax of Programlnfo. Returning to the Programlnfo shown in Fig. 54, version_number is four character letters indicating the version number of Programlnfo (). The version_number must be encoded in "0045" in accordance with ISO 646.

p00276Length is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the number of bytes of Programlnfo () from directly

p00277fifty behind this length field at the end of Programlnfo (). If CPI_type of CPI () indicates type TU_map, this length field can be set to 0. If CPI_type of CPI () indicates type EP_map, the number_of_programs (number_of_programs) must be of a value not less than 1.

p00278An unsigned 8-bit integer of number_of_program_sequences (program_sequence_number) indicates the

p0027955 number of program_sequences in the Clip. This value indicates the number of “for” loops following this field. If program_sequence in the Clip does not change, the number of program_sequences must be set 1. A 32-bit field of RSPN_program_sequence_start is a relative address at which the program sequence begins in the AV stream.

p0028060 RSPN_program_sequence_start is sized with the number of source packages as a unit and the offset_SPN value defined in Cliplnfo () is counted from the first source package of the AV stream file. An absolute address in the AV stream file is calculated by:

p00281SPN_xxx = RSPN_xxx - offset_SPN. 65

p00282The values ​​of RSPN_program_sequence_start in the syntax of the “for” loop must appear in ascending order.

p00283A 16-bit field of PCR_PID indicates the PID of the transport packet that contains an effective PCR field for the program_sequence. An 8-bit field of number_of_audios (number_of_audios) indicates the number of “para” loops that contain audio_stream_PID (PID_flujoContinuo_audio) and AudioCodinglnfo (). A 16-bit field of video_stream_PID indicates the transport package PID that contains an effective continuous stream of video for its program_sequence. VideoCodinglnfo (), following this field, must explain the content of the streaming video to which your video_stream_PID refers.

p00284A 16-bit field of audio_stream_PID indicates the PID of a transport packet that contains the effective audio stream for its program_sequence. The AudioCodinglnfo (), following this field, must explain the content of the streaming video to which your audio_stream_PID refers.

p00285The order in which the video_stream_PID values ​​appear in the “for” loop of the syntax must be equal to the PID coding sequence of the continuous video stream in the PMT effective for the program_sequence. Additionally, the order in which the audio_stream_PID values ​​appear in the “para” loop of the syntax must be equal to the PID coding sequence of the continuous audio stream in the PMT effective for the program_sequence.

p00286Fig. 55 shows the syntax of VideoCodinglnfo in the syntax of the ProgramInfo shown in Fig. 54. Returning to the syntax of the VideoCodinglnfo shown in Fig. 55, an 8-bit field of video_format (video_format) indicates the format of video corresponding to video_stream_PID (PID_flujoContinuo_video) in the Programlnfo (), as shown in Fig. 56.

p00287Referring to Fig. 57, an 8-bit field of frame_rate indicates the video frame rate corresponding to the video_stream_PID in the Programlnfo (). An 8-bit field of display_aspect_ratio indicates an aspect ratio of the video display corresponding to video_stream_PID in Programlnfo ().

p00288Fig. 59 shows the AudioCodinglnfo syntax in the ProgramInfo syntax shown in Fig. 54. Returning to the AudioCodinglnfo syntax shown in Fig. 59, an 8-bit field of audio_format (audio format) indicates the encoding method of audio that corresponds to audio_stream_PID in Programlnfo (), as shown in Fig. 60.

p00289An 8-bit field of audio_component_type indicates a type of audio component corresponding to audio_stream_PID in Programlnfo () as shown in Fig. 61, while an 8-bit field of sampling_frequency indicates an audio sampling frequency corresponding to audio_stream_PID in Programlnfo () as shown in Fig. 62.

p00290The CPI (Characteristic Point Information) is explained in the zzzzz.clip syntax shown in Fig. 45. The CPI is used to correlate the time information in the AV stream with the address in its file. The CPI is of two types, namely EP_map and TU_map. In Fig. 63, if the CPI_type in CPI () is EP_map, its CPI () contains EP_map. In Fig. 64, if the CPI_type in CPI () is TU_map, your CPI () contains TU_map. A continuous AV stream has an EP_map or a TU_map. If the continuous AV stream is a continuous SESF transport stream, the corresponding Clip must have an EP_map.

p00291Fig. 65 shows the CPI syntax. Returning to the CPI syntax shown in Fig. 65, the version_number is four character letters that indicate the version number of this CPI (). The version_number must be encoded in "0045" according to ISO 646. The length is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the number of bytes from directly after this length field to the end end of the CPI (). The CPI_type is a 1-bit flag and indicates the type of the Clip CPI, as shown in Fig. 66.

p00292The EP_map is explained in the CPI syntax shown in Fig. 65. There are two types of the EP_map, that is, EP_map for a continuous stream of video and an EP_map for a continuous stream of audio. The EP_map_type in the EP_map differs between these types of EP_map. If the Clip contains one or more continuous video streams, the EP_map must be used for continuous video stream. If the Clip does not contain a continuous stream of video but contains one or more continuous streams of audio, the EP_map must be used for the continuous stream of audio.

p00293The EP_map for a continuous video stream is explained in reference to Fig. 67. The EP_map for streaming video has stream_PID, PTS_EP_start (start_EP_PTS) and RSPN_EP_start (start_EP_RSPN) of data. The stream_PID (Continuous Flow PID) shows the PID of the transport packet that transmits a continuous stream of video. The PTS_EP_start indicates the PTS of an access unit that starts from the header of the sequence of the streaming video stream. The RSPN_RP_start indicates the address of a source packet that includes the first byte of the access unit to which the PTS_EP_start refers in the AV stream.

p00294A sub-table, called EP_map_for_one_stream_PID () is created from a continuous stream of video transmitted by the transport packet that has the same PID to another. If there are several continuous video streams in the Clip, the EP_map can contain several EP_map_for_one_stream_PID ().

p00295The EP_map for continuous audio stream has stream_PID, PTS_EP_start and RSPN_EP_start of data. The stream_PID shows a PID of a transport packet that transmits a continuous stream of audio. The PTS_EP_start shows the PTS of an access unit in the continuous audio stream. The RSPN_EP-start indicates an address of a source packet that contains a first byte of the access unit to which the PTS_EP_start of the AV stream flows.

p00296The sub table named EP_map_for_one_stream_PID () is created from a continuous stream of audio transmitted by the transport packet that has the same PID to another. If there are several continuous streams of audio in the clip, EP_map can contain several EP_map_for_one_stream_PID ().

p00297Returning to the relationship between EP_map and STC_Info, an EP_map_for_one_stream_PID () is created in a table regardless of the discontinuous points in the STC. Comparison of the value of RSPN_EP_start with the value of RSPN_STC_start defined in STC_Info () reveals the delimitation of EP_map data belonging to respective STC_sequences (see Fig. 68). The EP_map must have an EP_map_for_one_stream_PID for a continuous interval of continuous streams transmitted by the same PID. In the case shown in Fig. 69, program # 1 and program # 3 have the same video PID, although the data interval is not continuous, so that EP_map_for_one_stream_PID must be provided for each program.

p00298Fig. 70 shows the syntax of EP_map. As an explanation of the EP_map syntax shown in Fig. 70, the EP_type is a 4-bit field and shows the type of the EP_map entry point, as shown in Fig.

p0029971. The EP_type shows the semantics of the data field that follows this field. If Clip includes one or more continuous video streams, the EP_type must be set to 0 ('video'). Alternatively, if the Clip does not contain any continuous stream of video, but contains one or more continuous streams of audio, then the EP_type must be set to 1 ('audio').

p00300The 16-bit field of number_of_stream_PIDs (number_of_PIDs_FlowContinuous) indicates the number of times of cycles corresponding to the “for” loop that has number_of_stream_PIDs in the EP_map () as variable. The 16-bit stream field _PID (k) indicates the PID of the transport packet that transmits the elementary continuous stream number k (continuous audio or video stream) to which EP_map_for_one_stream_PID (num_EP_entries (k)) refers. If EP_type is 0 ('video'), its elementary continuous stream must be a continuous stream of video. If EP_type is equal to 1 ('audio'), its elementary continuous stream must be the continuous audio stream.

p00301The 16-bit field of num_EP_entries (k) indicates the num_EP_entries (k) to which EP_map_entries (k) refers. The EP_map_for_one_stream_PID_Start_address (k): This 32-bit field indicates the position of the relative address at which the EP_map_for_one_stream_PID (num_EP_entries (k)) begins in the EP_map (). This value is indicated by the size from the first byte of the EP_map ().

p00302The padding_word must be inserted according to the syntax of the EP_map (). X and Y must be optional positive integers. The respective filler words can adopt any optional values.

p00303Fig. 72 shows the syntax of EP_map_for_one_stream_PID. By way of explanation of the syntax of the EP_map_for_one_stream_PID shown in Fig. 72, the semantics of the 32-bit field of PTS_EP_start differs with the EP_type defined by the EP_map (). If EP_type is equal to 0 ('video'), this field has 32 bits higher than the 33-bit precision PTS of the access unit that begins with a sequence header of the continuous video stream. If the EP_type is equal to 1 ('audio'), this field has 32 bits higher than the 33-bit precision PTS of the continuous audio stream access unit.

p00304The semantics of the 32-bit field of RSPN_EP_start differs with the EP_type defined in EP_map (). If EP_type is equal to 0 ('video'), this field indicates the relative address of the source packet that includes the first byte of the access unit sequence header to which the PTS_EP_start refers in the AV continuous stream. Alternatively, if EP_type is equal to 1 ('audio'), this field indicates the relative address of the source packet that contains the first byte in the continuous audio stream of the access unit to which the PTS_EP_start refers in the continuous AV stream. .

p00305RSPN_EP_start is of a size that is based on the number of source packets as a unit, and is counted from the first source packet of the AV stream file, with the offset_SPN value, defined in ClipInfo (), as the initial value. The absolute address in the AV stream file is calculated by

p00306SPN_xxx = RSPN_xxx - offset_SPN.

p00307It is noted that the value of RSPN_EP_start in the syntax should appear in ascending order.

p00308The TU_map is explained below in reference to Fig. 73. The TU_map forms a time axis based on the clock of the arrival time of source packets (clock on the basis of arrival times). This time axis is called TU_map_time_axis (axis_time_corresp_TU). The origin point of TU_map_time_axis is indicated by offset_time (offset_time) in the TU_map (). The TU_map_time_axis is divided into a preset unit from offset_time, this unit being called time_unit (time_ unit).

p00309At each time_unit in the AV stream, addresses in the AV stream stream file of the source package are stored in TU_map in the first complete form. These addresses are called RSPN_time_unit_start (start_unit_unity_RSPN). The time at which the time_unit k (k> 0) th in the TU_map_time_axis begins is called TU_start_time (k) (TU_start_time (k)). This value is calculated based on the following equation:

p00310TU_start_time (k) = offset_time + k * time_unit_size.

p00311It is noted that the TU_start_time (k) has an accuracy of 45 kHz.

p00312Fig. 74 shows the syntax of TU_map. As an explanation of the TU_map syntax shown in Fig. 74, the 32-bit field of offset_time provides a offset time relative to TU_map_time_axis. This value indicates the travel time in relation to the first time_unit in the Clip. The offset_time is a size based on the 45 kHz clock obtained from the precision arrival time clocks of 27 MHz as a unit. If the continuous AV stream is to be recorded as a new Clip, the offset_time must be set to 0.

p00313The 32-bit field of time_unit_size provides the size of the time_unit, and is based on 45 kHz clocks, obtained from the precision arrival time clocks of 27 MHz, as a unit. Preferably, the time_unit_size is not larger than one second (time_unit_size <45,000). The 32-bit field of number_of_time_unit_entries (number_of_time_units_unit) indicates the number of entries stored in TU_map ().

p00314The 32-bit field of RSN_time_unit_start indicates the relative address of a site in the continuous AV stream at which each time_unit begins. RSN_time_unit_start is of a size based on the number of source packets as a unit and the offset_SPN value defined in ClipInfo () is counted from the first source packet of the AV stream file as the initial value. The absolute address in the AV stream file is calculated by

p00315SPN_xxx = RSPN_xxx - offset_SPN.

p00316It is noted that the value of RSN_time_unit_start in the "for" loop of the syntax should appear in ascending order. If there is no source package in the time_unit number (k + 1), the RSPN_time_unit_start number (k + 1) must be equal to the RSPN_time_unit_start number k.

p00317By way of explanation of the ClipMark in the zzzzz.clip syntax shown in Fig. 45, the ClipMark is the relevant brand information of the fragment and is stored in the ClipMark. This mark is not set by the user, but is set by a recorder (recording and / or playback device 1).

p00318Fig. 75 shows the syntax of the ClipMark. By way of explanation of the ClipMark syntax shown in Fig. 75, the version_number is four character letters that indicate the version number of this ClipMark. The version_number must be encoded in accordance with ISO 646 to "0045".

p00319The length is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the number of bytes of the ClipMark () from directly after the length field to the final end of ClipMark (). The number_of_Clip_marks (number_of_Frame_frames) is a 16-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of marks stored in ClipMark () and can be equal to 0. Mark_type is an 8-bit field that indicates the type of mark and is coded according to the table shown in Fig. 76.

p00320Mark_time_stamp is a 32-bit field and stores the time stamp that indicates a pointer that has a specified mark. The semantics of mark_time_stamp differs with the CPI_type in the PlayList (), as shown in Fig. 77.

p00321If the CPI_type in the CPI () indicates the type of EP_map, this 8-bit field indicates the STC_sequence_id of the STC continuous domain where mark_time_stamp is located. If CPI_type in CPI () indicates the type TU_map, this 8-bit field has no meaning but is set to 0. The 8-bit field of Character_set indicates the method of indicating character letters encoded in the mark_name field. The coding method corresponds to the value shown in Fig. 19.

p00322The 8-bit field of name_length indicates the length in bytes of the brand name shown in the mark_name field. This mark_name field indicates the brand name. The number of bytes that corresponds to the number of the name_length from the left of this field is the number of effective characters and indicates the

p00323brand name In the mark_name field, the values ​​that follow these effective character letters can be arbitrary.

p00324The ref_thumbnail_index field indicates the information of the thumbnail image attached to the mark. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is of a value other than 0xFFFF, a thumbnail image is added to your mark, the thumbnail image is stored in the mark.thumb file. You refer to this image using the value of ref_thumbnail_index in the mark.thumb file. If the ref_thumbnail_index field is of a value equal to 0xFFFF, a thumbnail image is not attached to your brand.

p00325MakersPrivateData has already been explained in reference to Fig. 22 and therefore is not specifically explained in this case.

p00326Next, thumbnail_information is explained. A thumbnail image is stored in a menu.thmb file or in a mark.thmb file. These files have the same syntax structure and have only one Thumbnail (). The menu.thmb file stores an image that represents respective PlayLists. All menu thumbnail images are stored in the single menu.thmb file.

p00327The mark.thmb file stores a brand thumbnail image, that is, an image that represents a mark point. All brand name thumbnails that correspond to all PlayLists and Clips are stored in the single mark.thmb file. Since the thumbnails are added or removed frequently, the partial addition and deletion operation must be executed easily and quickly. For this reason, Thumbnail () has a block structure. The image data is divided into different portions, each of which is stored in a tn_block. The data of an image is stored in consecutive tn_blocks. In the tn_blocks chain, there may be a tn_block that is not in use. The length in bytes of a single thumbnail image is variable.

p00328Fig. 78 shows the syntax of menu.thmb and mark.thmb and Fig. 79 the syntax of Thumbnail in the syntax of menu.thmb and mark.thmb shown in Fig. 78. By way of explanation of the Thumbnail syntax , shown in Fig. 79, the version_number is four character letters indicating the version number of this Thumbnail (). The version_number must be encoded in "0045" in accordance with ISO 646.

p00329The length is a 32-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of bytes of MakerPrivateData () from directly behind the length field to the final end of Thumbnail (). Tu_block_start_address is an unsigned 32-bit integer that indicates the address in bytes of the initial end of the first tn_block, in terms of the relative number of bytes from the byte of the initial end of Thumbnail () as a unit. The relative number of bytes is counted from 0. Number_of_thumbnails (thumbnail_number) is an unsigned 16-bit integer which provides the number of entries in a thumbnail image contained in a Thumbnail ().

p00330Tu_block_size is a 16-bit unsigned integer that provides the size of a tn_block, in terms of 1,024 bytes as a unit. If, for example, tn_block_size = 1, this indicates that the size of a tn_block is 1,024 bytes. Number_of_tn_blocks (number_of_blocks_tn) is an unsigned 116-bit integer that indicates the number of tn_block entries in this Thumbnail (). Thumbnail_index (Thumbnail_Index) is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the index number of the thumbnail image represented by the thumbnail information for a “for” loop that starts from the thumbnail_index field. The value 0xFFFF should not be used as Thumbnail_index. Refer to this Thumbnail_index through ref_thumbnail_index in UIAppInfoVolume (), UIAppInfoPlayList (), PlayListMark () and ClipMark ().

p00331Thumbnail_picture_format (thumbnail_image_format) is an unsigned 8-bit integer that represents the image format corresponding to a thumbnail image and adopts a value shown in Fig. 80. In the table, DCF and PNG are allowed only in menu.thumb. The brand thumbnail image adopts the value of "0x00" (MPEG-2 video 1-image).

p00332Picture_data_size is a 32-bit unsigned integer that indicates the length in bytes of a thumbnail image, in terms of bytes as a unit. Start_tn_block_number is an unsigned 16-bit integer that indicates the tn_block number corresponding to the tn_block where the thumbnail image data begins. The initial end of the thumbnail image data must match the initial end of the tn_block. The tn_block number starts from 0 and is relevant to the value of a variable k in the “para” loop of the tn_block.

p00333X_picture_length is a 16-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of a frame of a thumbnail image. Y_picture_length is an unsigned 16-bit integer, which indicates the number of pixels in the vertical direction of a frame of a thumbnail image. Tn_block is an area in which to store a thumbnail image. All tn_blocks in the Thumbnail () are the same size (fixed length) and have a size defined by tn_block_size.

p00334Figs. 81A and 81B schematically show how thumbnail image data is stored in tn_block. If as shown in Figs. 81A and 81B, the thumbnail starts at the initial end of tn_block, and

p00335It is of a size that exceeds 1 tn_block, it is stored using the following tn_block. By doing this, data with a variable length can be managed as fixed length data, so that the deletion edition can be coped with simpler processing.

p00336An AV stream file is explained below. The AV stream file is stored in the "M2TS" directory (Fig. 14). There are two types of the AV stream file, namely a fragment AV stream file and a Fragment-Bridge AV stream file. Both AV streams must have the MPEG-2 DVR transport stream stream structure as defined hereinafter.

p00337First, the continuous transport stream DVR MPEG-2 is explained. The structure of the continuous transport stream DVR MPEG-2 is shown in Fig. 82. The continuous stream file AV has the structure of a continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2. The continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2 is composed for an integer number of Units aligned. The size of the aligned unit is 6,144 bytes (2,048 * 3 bytes). The aligned Unit starts from the first byte of the source package. The source package is 192 bytes long. A source package is composed of TP_extra_header and a transport package. TP_extra_header is 4 bytes long, the transport packet being 188 bytes long.

p00338An aligned Unit is composed of 32 source packages. The last Unit aligned in the continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2 is also composed of 32 source packets. Therefore, the continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2 ends at a boundary of the aligned Unit. If the number of transport packets of the continuous input transport stream recorded on a disk is not a multiple of 32, a source packet that has a null packet (PID transport packet = 0x1FFFF) should be used as the last aligned Unit . The file system must not use excess information in the continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2.

p00339Fig. 83 shows a recorder model of the DVR MPEG 2 continuous transport stream. The recorder shown in Fig. 83 is a conceptual model for prescribing the recording process. The continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2 obeys this model.

p00340The input timing of the MPEG 2 continuous transport stream is explained below. The continuous MPEG 2 transport stream is an entire transport stream or partial transport stream. The continuous MPEG 2 transport stream must comply with ISO / IEC13818-1 or ISO / IEC 13818-9. Byte number i of the MPEG 2 transport stream is entered simultaneously at time t (i) in T-STD (target decoder of the transport stream system provided by ISO / IEC13818-1) and in the packet former source. Rpk is an instantaneous maximum value of the transport packet input speed.

p00341A 27 MHz PLL 52 generates a clock frequency of 27 MHz. The clock frequency of 27 MHz is coupled to a program clock reference (PCR) value of the MPEG 2 transport stream. A clock counter of arrival time 53 counts the 27 MHz frequency pulses. Arrival_time_clock (i) is a count value of the arrival time clock counter at time t (i).

p00342A source package builder 54 attaches TP_extra_header to all transport packages to create a source package. The arrival_time_stamp indicates the time in which the first byte of the transport packet reaches both the T-STD and the source packet builder. Arrival_time_stamp (k) is a sampled value of Arrival_time_clock (k) as represented by the following equation:

p00343arrival_time_stamp (k) = arrival_time_clock (k)% 230

p00344in which k indicates the first byte of the transport package.

p00345If the time separation between two neighboring transport packages is 230/2 7,000,000 s (approximately 40 s)

<dl><dt /><dd>or greater, the difference of the arrival_time_stamp of the two transport packages should be set at 230/2 7,000,000 </dd></dl>

<dl><dt>s. </dt><dd>The recorder is provided for such a case. </dd></dl>

p00346A smoothing buffer 55 smooths the bit rate of the continuous input transport stream. The smoothing buffer must not overflow. Rmax is the output bit rate of the source packet from the smoothing buffer when the smoothing buffer is not full. If the smoothing buffer is full, the output bit rate of the smoothing buffer is 0.

p00347Next, the parameters of the recorder model of the DVR MPEG 2 transport continuous stream are explained. The value of Rmax is provided by means of TS_recording_rate as defined in ClipInfo () associated with the AV continuous stream file. This value can be calculated from the following equation:

p00348Rmax = TS_recording_rate * 192/188

p00349in which the value of TS_recording_rate is one size in bytes / second.

p00350If the continuous stream of inbound transport is a continuous stream of SESF transport, Rpk must be equal to TS_recording_rate as defined in Cliplnfo () associated with the AV stream stream file. If the continuous input transport stream is not a continuous SESF transport stream, reference may be made to values ​​defined for example in a descriptor of the MPEG 2 transport stream, such as maximum_bitrate_descriptor (max_bit_bit_specifier) ​​or partial_stream_descriptor (partial_flow_flow descriptor) for this value .

p00351If the continuous input transport stream is a continuous SESF transport stream, the size of the smoothing buffer is 0. If the continuous input transport stream is not a continuous SESF transport stream, reference can be made to defined values in the MPEG 2 continuous transport stream descriptor, such

<dl><dt>as</dt><dd> by example the values defined in he smoothing_buffer_descriptor </dd></dl>

<dl><dt>(automated_intermedia_memory descriptor),</dt><dd> short_smoothing_buffer_descriptor </dd></dl>

<dl><dt>(descriptor_memoriaIntermedia_suavizado_corto)</dt><dd> or in he partial_transport_stream_descriptor </dd></dl>

<dl><dt>(Descriptive_flowContinuous_transport_partial). </dt><dd /></dl>

p00352For the recorder and player (playback device), it is necessary to provide a buffer of sufficient size. The default buffer size is 1,536 bytes.

p00353Next, a player model of the continuous stream of transport of DVR MPEG 2 is explained. Fig. 84 shows a player model of the continuous stream of transport of DVR MPEG 2. This is a conceptual model for prescribing the reproduction process. The continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2 obeys this model.

p00354An X-tal of 27 MHz 61 generates the frequency of 27 MHz. An error interval of the frequency of 27MHz must be ± 30 ppm (2 7,000,000 ± 810 Hz). The arrival time clock counter 62 is a binary counter for counting the pulses of the 27 MHz frequency. Arrival_time_clock (i) is a count value of the arrival time clock counter at time t (i).

p00355In the smoothing buffer 64, Rmax is the fast d of input bits of the source packet to the smoothing buffer when the smoothing buffer is not full. If the smoothing buffer is full, the bit rate of input to the smoothing buffer is 0.

p00356By way of explanation of the output timing of the MPEG2 transport stream, if the arrival_time_stamp of the current source packet is equal to 30 bits on the LSB side of arrival_time_clock (i), the source packet transport packet is removed from the buffer of smoothing. Rpk is an instantaneous maximum value of transport packet speed. The smoothing buffer overflow is not allowed.

p00357The parameters of the DVR MPEG 2 continuous transport stream player model are the same as those of the DVR MPEG 2 continuous transport stream recorder model described above.

p00358Fig. 85 shows the syntax of the source package. The Transport_packet () is a continuous stream of MPEG 2 transport provided in ISO / IEC13818-1. The syntax of TP_Extra-header in the syntax of the source package shown in Fig. 85, is shown in Fig. 86. By way of explanation of the syntax of the TP_Extra-header, shown in Fig. 86, copy_permission_indicator (copy_permission_indicator) is an integer that represents the limitation of the copy of the payload of the transport package. The copy limitation may be free copy, no more copies, copy once or prohibited copy. Fig. 87 shows the relationship between the value of copy_permission_indicator and the mode it designates.

p00359Copy_permission_indicator is attached to all transport packages. If the continuous input transport stream is recorded using the IEEE1394 digital interface, the copy_permission_indicator value can be associated with the EMI value (encryption mode indicator). If the continuous input transport stream is recorded without using the IEEE1394 digital interface, the copy_permission_indicator value can be associated with the CCI value incorporated in the transport package. If an analog signal input is self-coded, the copy_permission_indicator value can be associated with the CGMS-A value of the analog signal.

p00360Arrival_time_stamp is an integer that has a value as specified by arrival_time_stamp in the following equation:

p00361arrival_time_stamp (k) = arrival_time_clock (k)% 230.

p00362By way of defining the Continuous Fragment AV Flow, the Fragment AV Continuous Flow must have a structure of the continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG 2 defined as described above. Arrival_time_clock (i) must be continuously increased in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow. If there is a discontinuous point of the system time base (SCT base) in the Fragment AV Continuous Flow, arrival_time_clock (i) in the Fragment AV Continuous Flow must be continuously incremented.

p00363The maximum value of the arrival_time_clock (i) difference between the beginning and the end of the AV Continuous Fragment Flow must be 26 hours. This limitation guarantees that, if there is no discontinuous point at the base of

p00364System times (STC base) in the MPEG 2 transport continuous stream, the PTS (presentation time stamp) of the same value, never appears in the Fragment AV Continuous Flow. The MPEG2 system regulations provide that the PTS has a cyclic restart period of 233 / 90,000 s (approximately 26.5 hours).

p00365By way of defining the continuous Fragment-Bridge AV stream, the continuous Fragment-Bridge AV stream must have a structure of the MPEG 2 DVR continuous transport stream defined as described above. The continuous Fragment-Bridge AV flow must include a discontinuous point of a base of arrival times. The continuous flow of transport ahead and behind the discontinuous point of the arrival time base must obey the coding limitations and the DVR-STD as explained below.

p00366The present embodiment supports the connection without interruptions of video-audio between Playltems being edited. The seamless connection between Playltems guarantees a "continuous supply of data" to the player / decoder and a "decoding process without interruptions". "Continuous data supply" is the ability to guarantee a data supply to the decoder at a bit rate necessary to avoid buffer overflow. To allow the reading of data from the disk while guaranteeing real-time properties of the same, the data must be stored in terms of a continuous block of a sufficiently large size as a unit.

p00367"Uninterrupted decoding processing" means the ability of a player to present audio and video data recorded on the disc without pausing or separating the output of the decoder playback.

p00368The continuous AV flow is explained, to which the connected Playltems are sent without interruptions. Whether or not the uninterrupted display of a previous Playltem and the current Playltem is guaranteed can be checked from the connection_condition field defined in the current PlayItem. There are two methods for the uninterrupted connection of PlayItems, that is, a method that uses Bridge-Clip and a method that does not use Bridge-Clip.

p00369Fig. 88 shows the relationship between the previous Playltem and the current Playltem in case of using Bridge-Clip. In Fig. 88, the continuous flow data, read by the player, is shown shaded. In Fig. 88, TS1 is composed of shaded continuous flow data from Clip 1 (Fragment AV continuous flow) and shaded continuous flow data prior to RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity.

p00370The shaded continuous flow data of Clip 1 of TS1 is continuous flow data from a direction of a continuous flow required to decode the presentation unit corresponding to IN_time of the previous Playltem (shown as IN_time1 in Fig. 88) to the source package to which RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip refers (RSPN_output_of_Fragment_previous) Shaded continuous flow data before RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity of Fragment-Bridge contained in TS1 is continuous flow data from the first Fragment-Bridge source package to the source package directly prior to the source package to which RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity refers.

p00371In Fig. 88, TS2 is composed of shaded continuous flow data from Clip 2 (Clip AV continuous flow) and shaded continuous flow data subsequent to RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity of Fragment-Bridge. Shaded continuous flow data from the RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity of Fragment-Bridge contained in TS2 continuous flow data from the source package to which RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity refers to the last source package of Fragment-Bridge. The shaded continuous flow data from Clip 2 of TS2 is continuous flow data from the source package to which RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip refers to the direction of the continuous flow required to decode the display unit corresponding to OUT_time of the current Playltem (shown by OUT_time2 in Fig .88).

p00372Fig. 89 shows the relationship between the previous Playltem and the current Playltem in the case of not using Fragment-Bridge. In this case, the continuous flow data read by the player is shown shaded. In Fig. 89, TS1 is composed of shaded continuous flow data from Clip1 (AV fragment continuous flow). The shaded continuous flow data of Clip1 of TS1 is data that begins in a direction of a continuous flow necessary to decode a display unit corresponding to IN_time of the previous Playltem, shown in IN_time1 in Fig. 89 until the last source packet of Clip1 .

p00373In Fig. 89, TS2 is shaded continuous flow data from Clip2 (AV Continuous Flow of Rubbing).

p00374The shaded continuous flow data from Clip2 of TS2 is continuous flow data that begins in a first Clip2 source packet to a direction of the continuous flow necessary to decode the display unit corresponding to OUT_time of the current Playltem (shown in OUT_time2 in Fig. .89).

p00375In Figs. 88 and 89, TS1 and T2 are continuous flows of the source package. Next, the continuous flow provisions of TS1 and TS2 and the connection conditions between them are analyzed. First, the coding limitations for the connection without interruptions are analyzed. By way of limitations on the coding structure of a continuous transport stream, the number of programs contained in TS1 and TS2 must be 1. The

p00376number of continuous video streams contained in TS1 and TS2 must be 1. The number of continuous audio streams contained in TS and TS2 must be 2 or less. The numbers of the continuous audio streams contained in TS1 and TS2 must be equal to each other. It is also possible that TS1 and / or TS2 contain elementary continuous flows or private continuous flows other than those represented above.

p00377The limitations on the continuous flow of video bits are explained below. Fig. 90 shows a typical uninterrupted connection indicated by an image display sequence. In order for a continuous stream of video to be displayed without interruption in the vicinity of a junction point, unnecessary images displayed behind OUT_time1 (OUT_time of Clip1) and in front of IN_time2 (IN_time of Clip2) must be removed by a re-process -coding of the partial continuous flow of the Clip in the vicinity of the junction point.

p00378Fig. 91 shows an embodiment for achieving a connection without interruptions using BridgeSequence. The continuous stream of Fragment-Bridge video prior to RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity is composed of a continuous stream of encoded video to an image that corresponds to OUT_time1 of Clip1 in Fig. 90. This continuous video stream is connected to the continuous video stream of the previous Clip1 and re-encoded to form an elementary continuous stream that conforms to MPEG2 regulations.

p00379The continuous stream of Fragment-Bridge video after RSPN_arrival_time_discontinuity is composed of a continuous stream of encoded video, following an image that corresponds to IN_time2 of Clip2 of Fig. 90. The decoding of this continuous stream of video can be initiated correctly to connect the continuous video stream to the next continuous video stream of Clip2. Re-coding is performed in such a way that a single continuous uninterrupted elementary continuous flow will be formed that conforms to MPEG2 regulations. To create Fragment-Bridge, it is necessary to re-encode several images in general, while other images can be copied from the original Clip.

p00380Fig. 92 shows an embodiment for uninterrupted connection without using BridgeSequence in the embodiment shown in Fig. 90. The continuous video stream of Clip1 is composed of a continuous stream of encoded video to the image that corresponds to OUT_time1 of Fig. 90 and is re-encoded to provide an elementary continuous flow that conforms to MPEG2 regulations. Similarly, the continuous stream of Clip2 video is composed of continuous streams of encoded bits subsequent to the image associated with IN_time2 of Clip2 of Fig. 90. These continuous streams of encoding bits are already re-encoded to provide a only uninterrupted elementary continuous flow that conforms to MPEG2 regulations.

p00381As an explanation of the coding limitations of the continuous video stream, the frame rates of the continuous video streams of TS1 and TS2 must be equal to each other. The continuous stream of video from TS1 must end in sequence_end_code (code_fin_sequence). The continuous stream of TS2 video must begin at the header of the sequence, GOP Header and with an image I. The continuous stream of TS2 video must begin at a closed GOP.

p00382Video presentation units defined in a continuous stream of bits (frame or field) must be continuous with a point of attachment between them. Separation of fields or frames at junction points is not allowed. In the case of using an encoding that uses a decimate of 3-2, it may be necessary to rewrite the "top_field_first" and "repeat_first_field" flags. Alternatively, local re-encoding can be performed to prevent field separations from occurring.

p00383As an explanation of the coding limitations on the continuous stream of audio bits, the audio sampling frequency of TS1 and that of TS2 must be equal to each other. The audio coding method of TS1 and TS2 (for example, layer 2 of MPEG1, AC-3, SESF LPCM and AAC) must be equal to each other.

p00384As an explanation of the coding limitations on the MPEG 2 transport stream, the last audio stream of the TS1 audio stream must contain audio samples that have a presentation timing equal to the final display time of the last image TS1 display. The first audio frame of the TS2 continuous audio stream must contain an audio sample that has a presentation timing equal to the display start timing of the first TS2 display image.

p00385At a junction point, no separation can be allowed in a sequence of audio presentation units. As shown in Fig. 93, there may be an overlap defined by the length of the audio display unit less than two domains of audio frames. The first packet that transmits an elementary continuous stream of TS2 must be a video packet. The continuous transport flow at the junction point must obey the DVR-STC, which will be explained later.

p00386As an explanation of the limitations on the Clip and the Fragment-Bridge, discontinuities are not allowed on the basis of arrival times on TS1 or TS2.

p00387The following limitations apply only in the case of using the Fragment-Bridge. The continuous Fragment-Bridge AV stream has a single discontinuous point at the base of arrival times only at a junction point of the last source package of TS1 and the first source package of TS2. The SPN_arrival_time_discontinuity

p00388defined in Cliplnfo () represents an address of the discontinuous point, which must represent the address that refers to the first source packet of TS2.

p00389The source package to which RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip defined in BridgeSequence () refers can be any source package in Clip1. It is not necessary for this source package to be an aligned Unit limit. The source package to which RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip defined in BridgeSequencelnfo () refers can be any source package in Clip 2. It is not necessary for this source package to be a boundary of the aligned Unit.

p00390As an explanation of the limitations on Playltem, the OUT_time of the previous Playltem (OUT_time 1 shown in Fig. 89) must represent the final display time of the last video presentation unit of TS1. The IN_time of the current PlayTime (IN_time2 shown in Figs. 88 and 89) must represent the initial display time of the first display unit of TS2.

p00391As an explanation of the limitations on data allocation in the case of using Fragment-Bridge in reference to Fig. 94, the connection without interruptions must be made to ensure a continuous supply of data by the file system. This should be done by arranging the Bridge-Clip AV continuous stream, connecting to Clip1 (Fragment AV Continuous Flow file) and Clip2 (Fragment AV Continuous Flow file), such as to meet the data allocation requirements.

p00392RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip must be selected in such a way that the portion of the continuous flow of Clip1 (Fragment AV Continuous File) prior to RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip is arranged in a continuous area not less than half a fragment. The data length of the Fragment-Bridge continuous AV stream must be selected in such a way that the data is arranged in the continuous area not less than half a fragment. RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip should be selected so that the portion of the Clip2 continuous stream (fragment AV Continuous File) after RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip is arranged in a continuous area not less than half a fragment.

p00393By way of explanation of the data allocation limitations in the case of a connection without interruptions that do not use Fragment-Bridge, in reference to Fig. 95, the connection without interruptions must be made to guarantee the continuous supply of data by the system of files. This should be done by arranging the last portion of Clip1 (Fragment AV Continuous Flow file) and the first portion of Clip2 (Fragment AV Continuous Flow file) so that the provisions on data allocation are met.

p00394The last continuous flow portion of Clip1 (Fragment AV Continuous Flow file) must be arranged in a continuous area not less than half a fragment. The first continuous flow portion of Clip2 (Fragment AV Continuous Flow file) must be arranged in a continuous area not less than half a fragment.

p00395Next, the DVR-STD is explained. This DVR-STD is a conceptual model for modeling the decoding process in the generation and testing of the continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG2. The DVR-STD is also a conceptual model for modeling the decoding process in the generation and verification of the continuous AV flow to which two connected Playltems send without interruptions to each other as described above.

p00396Fig. 96 shows a DVR-STD model. The model shown in Fig. 96 includes, as a constituent element, a DVR MPEG2 transport continuous stream player model. The notation of n, Tbn, Mbn, Ebn, Tbsys, Bsys, Rxn, Rbxn, Rxsys, Dn, Dsys, On and P9 (k) is the same as defined in the T-STD of ISO / IEC 138181, in where n is an index number of an elementary continuous flow and TBn is a transport buffer of the elementary continuous flow n.

p00397MBn is a multiplexing buffer of the elementary continuous stream n and only exists for the continuous stream of video. EBn is an intermediate memory of elementary continuous streams corresponding to the elementary continuous stream n and is presented only for the continuous stream of video. TBsys is a main buffer in an objective system decoder for system information for a program that is being decoded. Rxn is a transmission rate with which Tbn data is extracted. Rbxn is a transmission rate with which the payload of PES packets is extracted from MBn and presented only for a continuous stream of video.

p00398Rxsys is a transmission rate with which data is extracted from TBsys. Dn is a decoder of the elementary continuous flow n. Dsys is a relevant decoder of the system information of a program that is being decoded. On is a buffer for reordering the continuous stream of video n. Pn (k) is a unit of presentation number k of the elementary continuous flow.

p00399The decoding process for DVR-STD is explained. During the time that a single continuous transport stream of DVR MPEG2 is being played, the timing of the introduction of the transport package in TB1, TBn or TBsys is determined by the arrival_time_stamp of the source package. The requirements for the temporary storage operation of TB1, MB1, EB1, TBn Bn, TBsys and Bsys are the same as those of the T-STD

p00400provided in ISO / IEC 13818-1, while the decision and visualization operations are also the same as the T-STD provided in ISO / IEC 13818-1.

p00401The decoding process during the time in which connected PlayLists are being played without interruption is explained below. In this case, the reproduction of two continuous AV streams to which the connected Playltems are transmitted without interruption is explained. In the following explanation, the reproduction of TS1 and TS2 shown for example in Fig. 88 is explained. TS1 and TS2 are a previous continuous flow and a current continuous flow, respectively.

p00402Fig. 97 shows a timing diagram for the input, decoding and display of transport packets when they are transferred from a given AV continuous stream (TS1) to the next continuous AV stream connected without interruptions to it (TS2). During the transfer from a preset AV continuous stream (TS1) to the next continuous AV stream connected without interruptions to it (TS2), the time axis of the TS2 arrival time base is not the same as the time axis of the base of arrival times of TS1 (indicated by ATC1 in Fig. 97).

p00403On the other hand, the time axis of the time base of the TS2 system (indicated by ATC1 in Fig. 97) is not the same as the time axis of the time base of the TS1 system (indicated by STC1 in Fig. 97). Video viewing is required to be continuous without interruptions, although there may be an overlap in the display time of the presentation units.

p00404The input timing for DVR-STD is explained. During the period of time up to time T1, that is, until the input of the last video packet in the TB1 of DVR-STD, the input timing to the buffers of TB1, TBn or TBsys of DVR-STD is determined the arrival_time_stamp of the arrival time base of TS1.

p00405The remaining TS1 packets must be entered in TBn buffers or in DVR-STD TBsys at a bit rate of TS_recording_rate (TS1). The TS_recording_rate (TS1) is the value of TS_recording_rate defined in ClipInfo () corresponding to Clip1. The time in which the last byte of TS1 is entered in the buffer is the time T2. Thus, during the time between time T1 and time T2, the arrival_time_stamp of the source packet is omitted.

p00406If N1 is the number of bytes of the transport packet of TS1 that follows the last video packet of TS1, the time DT1 from time T1 to time T2 is the time necessary for N1 bytes to be fully entered at a speed bit of TS_recording_rate (TS1), and is calculated according to the following equation:

p00407DT1 = T2 - T1 = N1 / TS_recording_rate.

p00408During the time from time T1 to time T2 (TS1), both RXn and RXsys values ​​are changed to the value of TS-recording_rate (TS1). Except for this rule, the temporary storage operation is the same as that of T-STD.

p00409At time T2, the arrival time clock counter is reset to the arrival_time_stamp value of the first TS2 source packet. The input timing in the buffer of TB1, TBn, or TBsys of DVR-STD is determined by the arrival_time_stamp of the TB2 source packet. Both RXn and RXsys are changed to values ​​defined in T-STD.

p00410For the purpose of explaining temporary audio storage and temporary storage of additional system data, the audio decoder and system decoder need to have an additional amount of temporary storage (amount of data equivalent to one second) in addition to the amount of memory intermediate defined in T-STD in order to allow input data of a domain from time T1 to time T2.

p00411As an explanation of the timing of the video presentation, the display on the video presentation unit must be continuous, that is, devoid of separations, through the junction point. It is noted that STC1 is the time axis of the time base of the TS1 system (indicated as STC1 in Fig. 9), while STC2 is the time axis of the time base of the TS2 system (shown in STC2 in Fig. 97; correctly, STC2 begins at the time in which the first TS2 PCR has been introduced into the T-STD).

p00412The offset between STC1 and STC2 is determined as follows: PTS1end is the PTS in SCT1 corresponding to the last video presentation unit of TS2. PTS2start is the PTS in SCT2 corresponding to the first video presentation unit of TS2 and Tpp is the display time period of the last video presentation unit of TS1, the STC_delta offset between two system time bases is calculated according to the following equation:

p00413STC_delta = PTS1end + Tpp - PTS2start.

p00414As an explanation of the timing of the audio presentation, there may be an overlap in the presentation timing of the audio presentation unit, the overlap being less than between 0 and 2 audio frames (see "audio overlap" shown in Fig. 97). The indication of which of the audio samples should be selected and the re-synchronization of the presentation of the audio presentation unit at the corrected time base, behind the junction point, are fixed on the player.

p00415By way of explanation of the DVR-STD system time clock, the last audio display unit of TS1 is presented at time TS5. The system time clock can overlap between time T2 and time T5. During this time domain, the DVR-STD switches the system time clocks between the value of the old time base (STC1) and the value of the new time base (STC2). The value of STC2 can be calculated according to the following equation:

p00416STC2 = STC1 - STC_delta.

p00417Temporary storage continuity is explained. STC11video_end is the value of STC in the time base of the STC2 system when the first byte of the first video packet reaches TB1 of DVR-STD. STC22video_start is the value of STC in the time base of the STC2 system when the first byte of the first video packet reaches TB1 of DVR-STD. STC21video_end is the value of STC11video_end calculated as the value in STC2 of the STC2 system time base. STC2video_end is calculated according to the following equation:

p00418STC2video_end = STC11video_end - STC_delta.

p00419To comply with the DVR-STD, the following two conditions must be met: First, the arrival timing of the first TS2 video packet in TB1 must satisfy the following inequality:

p00420STC22video_start> STC21video_end + LT1.

p00421If it is necessary to re-encode and / or multiplex the partial continuous flow of Clip1 and / or Clip2, so as to satisfy the above inequality, this re-coding or multiplexing is carried out as appropriate.

p00422Second, the introduction of the video package from TS1 followed by the introduction of the video package from TS2 on the time axis of the system time base, with correspondences established from STC1 and STC2 on the same time axis , should not overflow or cause an underflow of the video buffer.

p00423If the syntax, data structure and rules above are used as a basis, the content of data recorded on the recording medium or the playback information can be properly managed to allow the user to confirm the content of data recorded on the media support. Recording at the time of playback or play desired data extremely easily.

p00424In the embodiment described above, the MPEG 2 transport stream is taken as an example of the multiplexed stream. This, however, is merely exemplifying, such that the continuous flow of MPEG 2 DSS programs or the continuous transport flow used in the US DirecTV (trademark) service. It can also be used as a continuous multiplexed flow.

p00425Fig. 98 shows a modification of a PlayList file. The notable difference between the syntax of Fig. 98 and that of Fig. 99 is the place where UIAppInfoPlayList () is stored. In the embodiment of fig 98, in which UIAppInfoPlayList () is outside the PlayList (), the expansion of the future information of UIAppInfoPlayList () can be quite easily.

p00426The version_number is four digits that indicate the version number of the thumbnail image header information file.

p00427PlayList_start_address (playlist_home_address) indicates the initial address of the PlayList () in terms of the number of relative bytes from the initial end of the PlayList file as a unit. The number of relative bytes is counted from 0.

p00428PlayListMark_start_address (playlist_start_address) indicates the initial address of PlayListMark () in terms of the number of relative bytes from the initial byte of the PlayList file as a unit. The number of relative bytes is counted from 0.

p00429MakersPrivateData_start_address (home_data_PrivateDataManufacturer) indicates the initial address of MakersPrivateData in terms of the number of relative bytes from the initial byte of the PlayList file as a unit. The number of relative bytes is counted from 0.

p00430Fig. 99 shows the UIAppInfoPlayList syntax in the PlayList file of Fig. 98. PlayList_service_type (Play_Service_type_type) indicates the type of the PlayList file, an example of which is shown in Fig. 26. The PlayList_service_type can have the same meaning that of the type of service shown by the broadcast of digital TV broadcasting. For example, in BS broadcasting in Japan, there are three types of services, namely the TV service, the audio service and the data broadcasting service. The value that represents the type of program service contained in the AV Continuous Fragment Flow used by the PlayList is set in the PlayList_service_type.

p00431PlayList_character_set (set_characters_ListPlayList) indicates the encoding method for character letters encoded in the channel_name (channel_name), PlayList_name and PlayList_detail (detail_ListPlay_list), while indicating the encoding method for character letters encoded in the mark_name field in PlayListMark.

p00432Channel_number (channel_number) indicates the broadcasting channel number or service number as selected by the user when the PlayList is recorded. If several PlayLists are combined in a PlayList, channel_number indicates a representative value of the PlayList. If this field is set to 0XFFFF, the field has no meaning.

p00433Channel_name_length (channel_name_length) indicates the length in bytes of the channel name indicated in the channel_name field. This field has a value no greater than 20.

p00434Channel_name indicates the name of the service or broadcasting channel as selected by the user when the PlayList is recorded. The number of bytes of a number indicated by the channel_name_length from the left of this field represents effective character letters and indicates the name mentioned above. The remaining bytes that follow these effective character letters can be set to any arbitrary value. If several PlayList are combined in a PlayList, this field indicates the representative name of the PlayList.

p00435PlayList_name_length (length_name_PlayList) indicates the length in bytes of the name of the PlayList indicated in the PlayList_name field.

p00436Play_list_name (playlist_name) shows the name of the PlayList. The number of bytes of the number indicated by the PlayList_name_length from the left of this field represents the actual character letters and indicates the name mentioned above. The remaining bytes in this field that follow these effective character letters can be set to any optional value.

p00437PlayList_detail_length (playlist_detail_length) indicates the length in bytes of the detailed PlayList information indicated in the PlayList_detail field. This field has a value no larger than 1,200.

p00438PlayList_detail (detail_PlayList) indicates the text to illustrate the detailed information of the PlayList. The number of bytes of a number indicated by PlayList_detail_length from the left of this field is the effective character letters. The remaining bytes in this field that follow these effective character letters can be set to any optional value.

p00439The meaning of this field of syntax is in other aspects the same as that of the field of the same name shown in Fig. 27.

p00440Fig. 100 shows the PlayList () syntax in the PlayList file of Fig. 98. This syntax is basically the same as the embodiment of Fig. 25, except that the present syntax is missing in the UIAppInfoPlayList () .

p00441Fig. 101 shows a modification of the SubPlayItem syntax. The present syntax differs significantly from the embodiment of Fig. 40 in that in this case STC_sequence_id has been added.

p00442STC_sequence_id (STC_sequence_id) indicates the STC_sequence_id of STC to which SubPath_IN_time and SubPath_OUT_time are used to identify the replay domain in the AV stream file corresponding to Clip_Information_file_name. SubPath_IN_time and SubPath_OUT_time indicate the time in the same continuous STC domain specified by the STC_sequence_id.

p00443By adding STC_sequence_id to the SubPlayltem, the AV stream file to which SubPlayltem sends is allowed to have a STC dotted point.

p00444The field of syntax has in other aspects the same meaning as that of the field of the same name shown in Fig. 40.

p00445Fig. 102 shows the flow chart to illustrate the method of forming Real PlayList. Reference is made to the block diagram of the recording and / or playback apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

p00446In step S11, controller 43 records a continuous AV Flow of fragment. In step S12, the controller 23 checks whether or not EP_map of the AV stream can be prepared. If he

p00447The result of the check in step S12 is YES, controller 23 proceeds to step S13. In another any other case, controller 23 proceeds to step S14 to form TU_map. In step S15, the controller 23 then sets the Playlist CLI_type. In step S16, controller 23 forms the PlayList () composed of Playltem covering the possible range of

p00448Clip playback in its entirety. If CPI_type is of the EP_map type, the time information is set based on the PTS. If there is a discontinuous STC point in the Clip, and the PlayList () is composed of two or more Playltems, the connection_condition between Playltems is also determined. If CPI_type is of the TU_map type, the time information is set based on the arrival time.

p00449In step S17, controller 23 forms UIAppInfoPlayList (). In step S18, controller 23 forms PlayListMark. In step S19, controller 23 forms MakerPrivateData. In step S20, controller 23 forms the RealPlayList file. Thus, a Real PlayList file is formed whenever a Fragment AV Continuous Stream has just been recorded. Fig. 103 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of forming the Virtual PlayList. In step S31, a real PlayList, recorded on the disc, is specified through the user interface. From

p00450Real PlayList playback interval, the playback interval specified by the IN and OUT points is specified through the user interface. If CPI_type is the EP_map type, the replay domain is set on the basis of the PTS. If CPI_type is type TU_map, the replay domain is set based on the arrival time.

p00451In step S32, the controller 23 checks whether or not the complete operation has been completed to specify the playback interval by the user. If the user selects the domain to be reproduced following the specified reproduction domain, the controller 23 returns to step S31. If the complete operation to specify the playback interval by the user has come to an end, the controller 23 proceeds to step S33.

p00452In step S33, the connection condition (Connection_condition) between two replayed playback domains

p00453consecutively it is determined by the user through the interface or through the controller 23. If, in step S34 the CPI_type is the type EP_map, the user specifies the sub-path information (information of post-recording audio). This stage is omitted if the subpath is not formed by the user.

p00454In step S35, the controller 23 forms the PlayList () based on the information of the playback interval specified by the user and according to the connection_condition. In step S36, controller 23 forms UIAppInfoPlayList (). In step S37, controller 23 forms PlayListMark. In step S38, controller 23 forms MakersPrivateData.

p00455In step S39, controller 23 forms the VirtualPlayList file. In this way, a virtual PlayList file is formed for each group of playback domains that are Select from the playback range of the Real PlayList recorded on the disc and which the user wishes to see.

p00456Fig. 104 is a flow chart to explain the PlayList method of reproduction. In step S51, controller 23 acquires information about the Info.dvr, the Fragment Information file, the PlayList file and the thumbnail file and form a GUI image that shows a list of

p00457PlayLists recorded on the disc to visualize the image of the GUI thus formed, in the GUI through the interface of user. In step S52, controller 23 presents the information explained by the PlayList in the GUI image, based on

p00458in the UIAppInfoPlayList in the respective PlayLists.

p00459In step S53, the user orders the playback of a PlayList from the GUI image through the user interface.

p00460If the CPI_type is the type EP_map, the controller 23 in step S54 acquires, from the STC_sequence_id and the PTS of IN_time, the number of the source packet that has an entry point temporarily prior to and closer to IN_time. If the CPI_type is the TU_map type, the controller 23 acquires, from the IN_time of the current Playltem, the number of the source packet where the time unit temporarily prior to and closest to IN_time begins.

p00461In step S55, the controller 23 reads data from the continuous AV stream from the source packet number acquired in the previous stage to route the data thus read to the AV decoder 27.

p00462If at step S56, the Playltem exists temporarily prior to the current Playltem, the controller 23 performs the display connection processing between the previous Playltem and the current Playltem, in accordance with the connection_condition.

p00463If in step S57, the CPI_type is the type EP_map, the AV decoder 27 orders that the display be initiated from the image of the PTS of IN_time. If the CPI_type is type TU_map, the AV decoder 27 orders the display to start from the image of the continuous stream after IN_time.

p00464In step S58, the controller 23 instructs the AV decoder 27 to continue decoding the continuous AV stream.

p00465If CPI_type is the type EP_map, the controller 23 in step S59 checks whether or not the currently displayed image is the image of the PTS of OUT_time. In addition, if the CPI_type is the TU_map type, the controller 23 checks whether the continuous decoded stream is beyond the OUT_time or not.

p00466If the result of the check in step S59 is NO, controller 23 proceeds to step S60. In step S60, controller 23 displays the current image and then returns to step S58. If the test result in step S59 is YES, controller 23 proceeds to step S61.

p00467In step S61, controller 23 checks whether or not the current Playltem is the last Playltem in the PlayList. If the test result is NO, controller 23 returns to step S54 and, in another case, PlayList playback is terminated.

p00468Fig. 105 is a flow chart to illustrate the play method of the PlayPist SubPath. The sub-path reproduction method of Fig. 105 is used only if the CPI_type of the PlayList is EP_map. The flow chart processing is carried out simultaneously with the post-step processing S54 in the PlayList reproduction of Fig. 104. Meanwhile, it is assumed that the AV decoder 27 has the ability to decode two continuous streams of audio simultaneously.

p00469In step S71, controller 23 acquires information from SubPlayltem.

p00470In step S72, controller 23 acquires the source packet number that has an entry point temporarily prior to and closer to SubPath_IN_time.

p00471In step S73, the controller 23 reads data from the continuous AV stream of the sub-route from the source packet number that has the previous entry point to route the data thus read to the AV decoder 27.

p00472In step S74, the controller 23 instructs the AV decoder 27 to start presenting the audio of the subpath when the main path reproduction reaches the image specified by the sync_PlayItem_id and the sync_start_PTS_of_PlayItem.

p00473In step S75, the AV decoder 27 continues to decode the continuous AV stream of the subpath.

p00474In step S76, controller 23 checks whether the PTS of the currently displayed sub-path is or not the SubPath_OUT_time. If the result of the check is NO, the controller 23 proceeds to step S77, where the controller 23 continues to visualize the subpath. Controller 23 then returns to step S75.

p00475If in step S76, the PTS of the currently displayed subpath is SubPath_OUT_time, the sub-route display is terminated.

p00476The main path and sub-path of a PlayList file, whose reproduction has been ordered by a user, are reproduced, as shown in Figs. 104 and 105.

p00477Fig. 106 shows a flow chart to illustrate the method of forming the PlayListMark. Reference is made to the block diagram of the recording and / or reproduction apparatus of Fig. 1.

p00478In step S91, controller 23 acquires information about the Info.dvr, the Fragment Information file, the PlayList file and the thumbnail file and forms a GUI image that shows a list of PlayLists recorded in the disk, to visualize the image of the GUI thus formed in the GUI, through the user interface.

p00479In step S92 the user instructs the controller 23 to play a PlayList, through the user interface.

p00480In step S93, controller 23 causes playback of the specified PlayList when its start is ordered (see Fig. 104).

p00481In step S94, the user instructs the controller 23 to set a mark on a favorite scene, through the user interface.

p00482If, in step S95, the CPI_type is EP_map, the controller 23 acquires the PTS of the brand and the PlayItem_id of the PlayItem to which it belongs. In addition, the controller 23 acquires the arrival time of the mark point, if the CPI_type is TU_map.

p00483In step S95, in controller 23 stores the brand information in the PlayListMark ().

p00484In step S97, the controller 23 records the PlayList file on the recording medium 100.

p00485Fig. 107 is a flow chart to illustrate the method of location of reproduction, which the PlayListMark uses. Reference is made to the block diagram of the recording and / or playback apparatus 1 of Fig. 1.

p00486In step S111, the controller 23 acquires the information about the Info.dvr, the Fragment Information file, the PlayList file and the thumbnail file, and forms a GUI image showing a list of PlayLists recorded in the disc (recording medium 100) to display the image of the GUI thus formed in the GUI, through the user interface.

p00487In step S112, the user instructs the controller 23 to play a PlayList, through the user interface.

p00488In step S113, the controller 23 causes the display of the list of thumbnails, generated from the image to which PlayListMark refers, in the GUI through the user interface.

p00489In step S114, the user specifies the mark point of the starting point of reproduction, through the user interface.

p00490If the CPI_type is the type EP_map, the controller 23 acquires the PTS of the brand and the Playltem_id to which it belongs. If the CPI_type is the TU_map type, the controller 23 acquires the ATS (Arrival Time Indication) of the mark.

p00491If the CPI_type is the type EP_map, the controller 23 in step S116 acquires the STC-sequence_id of the continuous AV stream to which the Playltem specified by the Playltem_id refers.

p00492In step S117, if the CPI_type is the EP_map type, the controller 23 causes the continuous AV flow to be introduced into the decoder, based on the brand PTS and the STC-sequence_id. Specifically, the controller 23 performs the processing similar to that of step S55, using the PTS of the brand and according to the STC_sequence_id. If CPI_type is TU_type, the controller 23 causes the continuous AV flow to be introduced into the decoder, based on the ATS of the brand. Specifically, the controller performs processing similar to that of step S54 and step S55 of Fig. 104, using the ATS.

p00493If in step S118, the CPI_type is the type EP_map, the controller 23 causes the display to start from the PTS image of the mark point. If the CPI_type is type TU_map, the controller 23 causes the display to start from an image behind the ATS of the mark point.

p00494In this way, the user selects, for example, a starting point of a favorite scene from the PlayList. The starting point selected in this way is monitored by means of the recorder (the controller 23 of the recording and / or playback apparatus 1) in the PlayListMark. In addition, the user selects the starting point of the playback from the list of brand points stored in the playListMark, so that the player starts playback at the starting point, as shown in Fig. 107.

p00495If the syntax, data structure, and rules above are used as a basis, the content of data recorded on the recording medium or the playback information can be properly managed, to allow the user to confirm the content of data recorded on the Support recording at the time of playback, or play desired data in an extremely easy way.

p00496If the position of an image I can be analyzed, the continuous AV stream of different formats can be recorded, reproduced and managed using a common application program (software), subject to the use of TU_map.

p00497If the continuous AV stream is recorded on the recording medium as its content is analyzed (recording with recognition) (image position I), the EP_map is used, while if the continuous AV stream is recorded directly on the media of recording without analyzing its content (image position I) (recording without recognition), the TU_map is used. Thus, AV data can be recorded, played back and managed, using a common application program.

p00498Thus, if the randomized AV data is randomized with analysis to record it on the recording medium, the EP_map is used, while if the randomized AV data is recorded directly on the recording medium without randomization (without analysis), the TU_map is used. . By doing so, AV data can be recorded, played back and managed using the common application program.

p00499On the other hand, the EP_map type and the TU_map type can be described in the PlayList (), such as CPI_type, the TU_map can be used if the position of the image I can be analyzed, while if the position of the image I is not can analyze, you can use the TU_map. By doing so, the AV continuous stream data recorded with image position analysis I and the AV continuous stream data recorded without image position analysis I can be managed in a unified manner by a common program, simply by setting A corresponding flag.

p00500On the other hand, the PlayList file and the Fragment Information file are recorded separately, so that if the content of a given PlayList or Clip is changed, for example by editing it, it is not necessary to change an irrelevant file for the file changed The result is that the content of the file can be easily changed to reduce the time required for such change or recording.

p00501Additionally, if only the Info.dvr is read first to present the contents of the disc recording to the user interface, in order to read from the disc only the PlayList file whose reproduction has been ordered by the user and The relevant Fragment Information file, the queue time of the user can be reduced.

p00502If all PlayList files or Fragment Information files are collected in one file for recording, the file size is large. Thus, the time involved in changing the content of the file for recording is appreciably longer than the corresponding one in case the respective files are recorded separately. The present invention aims to overcome this deficiency.

p00503The sequence of operations described above can be executed not only by hardware but also by softare. If the sequence of operations is to be executed by software, it is installed from a recording medium on a computer on the dedicated hardware whose program forms the software or a general purpose personal computer of Fig. 38 with the ability to execute several functions based on a variety of programs installed in it.

p00504The recording medium is constituted not only by a packaged support distributed to provide the program to the user, in addition to a computer, such as a magnetic disk 221 containing the program therein, including a flexible disk, an optical disk 222, including a CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory) or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), a magneto-optical disc 223, including a Mini-Disk, or a semiconductor memory 224, but also by a hard disk, including a ROM 202 containing a program and a memory 208, provided to the user as long as they are incorporated into a computer, as shown in Fig. 108.

p00505In the present specification, the steps of the program provided by the support include not only the chronological processing according to the indicated sequence, but also the processing carried out not chronologically but in parallel or separately.

p00506Additionally, in the specification, system means a complete apparatus composed of various component devices.

p00507Industrial applicability

p00508In the method and the information processing apparatus according to the present invention, the program for a recording medium, the program and the recording medium, according to the present invention, are recorded, depending on the recording method, one of a first table that establishes the correspondence relationship between the presentation time stamp and the address in the continuous flow data AV in the corresponding access unit and a second table that establishes the correspondence relationship between the time indication of Arrival obtained from the time of arrival of the transport package and the address in the AV continuous flow data in the corresponding transport package.

p00510In the method and apparatus for processing information, the program for a recording medium, and the program, according to the present invention, is reproduced, from the recording medium for controlling the output, one of a first table establishing the relationship of correspondence between the presentation timestamp and the address

p005115 in the continuous flow data AV in the corresponding access unit and a second table establishing the correspondence relationship between the arrival time indication obtained from the time of arrival of the transport package and the address in the data of continuous AV flow in the corresponding transport package, as recorded on a recording medium depending on the recording method.

p0051210 In the method and the information processing apparatus, the program for a recording medium, the program, and the second recording medium, according to the present invention, the reproduction specification information composed of the first information specifying the recording is recorded. main playback path and the second information that specifies the secondary playback path in sync with the main playback path.

p00513fifteen In the method and the information processing apparatus, the program for a recording medium, and the program, according to the present invention, is reproduced, from the recording medium to control the output correspondingly, the reproduction specification information composed of the first information that specifies the main playback path and the second information that specifies the secondary playback path.

p00514twenty Thus, in any case, the continuous AV stream with high playback speed capability and the continuous AV stream without high playback speed capability can be managed in common, while post-recording is also possible.