Observation apparatus with push-through device

IS 2 340 486 T3

DESCRIPTION

Monitoring device with scraping unit.

The invention relates to a monitoring device with the characteristics of claim 1.

In a known monitoring device, compressed air attempts to keep the inner end free of debris. If this is not achieved, manual cleaning must be carried out, which requires the oven to be switched off, or the regulation of the incineration process must be fixed with less information or, in the event of a lack of detection, with incorrect information. Both variants incur additional costs. Consequently, in document US 4,690,634 A, on which the preamble of claim 1 is based, a monitoring device of the initially mentioned type is proposed in which a piston actuated by compressed air is arranged on the outer side of the wall. . Said piston can clean a duct in the wall, into which, obliquely thereto, the monitoring device also opens with its inner end. Said monitoring device still has some questions unresolved, for example, those referring to a compact structure.

The present invention has the aim of improving a monitoring device of the type mentioned initially. Said objective is achieved by means of a monitoring device with the characteristics of claim 1. Other advantageous configurations are the subject of the subsidiary claims.

By means of the scraper unit, which keeps the inner end monitoring element free of deposits on the wall, the view of the monitoring element into the oven can be automatically kept clear, thus increasing the efficiency of the oven and reducing operating costs. The concepts of monitoring device and monitoring element are not limited to the field of optics. Rather, devices and elements for other measurement procedures, including flame guards and resistance elements, should also be understood as such.

The scraper unit has a scraper head which in a rest position is retracted between the inner end and the outer end, so that its functionality is protected by the housing. In a drive of the scraper unit, the scraper head is moved along the housing by means of a drive, to keep the monitoring element free. For this, the scraper head is preferably extensible at least partially beyond the inner end, to remove deposits mechanically.

The casing arranged for a type of compact construction with simultaneous integration of the scraper unit, preferably consists of a first casing within which a second casing is disposed remotely, preferably the monitoring element being fixed to the second housing and the scraper head moved movably between the first housing and the second housing, in particular mounted on the second housing. It may alternatively or additionally be mounted on the first housing. Due to a rotational symmetry, simple geometrical conditions and a simple wall mounting possibility result by means of a drill, since preferably the monitoring element, the first housing, the second housing and the scraper head are arranged in the same way. coaxial with respect to a common axis. Preferably, the drive not limited to any particular drive form can act directly on the scraper head, preferably, however, on extension bars fixed, for economy of material, on the scraper head for the extension thereof.

The casing preferably conducts compressed air to the inner end to, on the one hand, cool the monitoring device and, on the other hand, cool the tanks so that they are not flexible, but can be detached by breaking.

Preferably, an activation of the scraper unit occurs periodically and, in the event that an image processing connected downstream of the monitoring element detects a darkening and / or clouding at the inner end, an extraordinary activation occurs. additional scraper unit, that is, in each case, automatic. This does not exclude manual cleaning. Furthermore, the information regarding the activation can be included in a control loop.

The monitoring device according to the invention, with scraping unit, is preferably used in a furnace of a garbage incineration plant, in which particularly considerable deposits of slag are produced on the wall; however, its purpose for use is not limited to that.

In the following, the invention is explained in detail by means of a manufacturing model shown in the drawing. Figure 1 shows a partial sectional view of the manufacturing model with retracted scraper head, the mobility being indicated by a double arrow, and Figure 2 a representation according to Figure 1, with extended scraper head, without showing the wall. from the oven.

A furnace 1 of a hazardous waste incineration facility has multiple openings in its wall 3 that respectively house a monitoring device 11. The area with the end of the monitoring device 11

ES 2 340 486 T3 facing the interior of the oven 1 is designated as inner end I, the one with the end of the monitoring device 11 facing away from the interior of the oven 1 is designated as outer end E. The monitoring device 11 has a first housing 13 circular cylindrical hollow that by its geometry defines an axis A and is firmly (and hermetically) joined with wall 3. Axis A develops, at least approximately perpendicular to wall 3, horizontally. At the outer end E a first radially projecting flange 15 is molded to the first casing 13.

The monitoring device 11 also has, arranged at a radial distance from the wall of the first casing 13 and inside it a second cylindrical casing 17 of smaller diameter, coaxial to the first casing 13. The second casing 17 has a hollow wall . At the inner end I, the second casing 17 is flush with the first casing 13, while at the outer end E it has, firstly, a second radially projected flange 19 and, axially connected thereto, a coupling 21. The The second flange 19 projectedly contacts the first flange 15 and is fixed thereto by, for example, a clip-on connection of the coupling 21.

Inside the first housing 17, the monitoring device 11 has a monitoring element 25 of smaller diameter, essentially rotationally symmetrical, coaxial to the second housing 17, in the present case a borescope. The monitoring element 25 is arranged at a radial distance from the wall of the second casing 17 and fixed to both ends of the second casing 17 by means of clamping rings or the like. The monitoring element 25 can be connected directly or by means of optical fiber to an arrangement of cameras arranged at a distance from the wall 3 of the furnace 1. Depending on the application, there may be several infrared and / or light-sensitive cameras with a high resolution of space, time or frequency or simple diodes, for which the monitoring element 25 forms the optical access to the interior of the oven 1 and serves to capture the images of the combustion process in the furnace 1. In this regard, the term “optical” also refers to radiation beyond the visible spectrum. For washing, that is, to avoid soiling of the monitoring element 25, the second housing 17 and the interior of the first housing 13, and to cool these parts of the monitoring device 11, air is constantly introduced to the monitoring device 11 compressed L through a radial hole in the first flange 15, the one that is directed to the inner end I through the gap between the second casing 17 and the first casing 13 and through the hollow wall of the second casing 17. The pressure difference with the interior of the furnace 1 prevents the entry of dirt.

The monitoring device 11 additionally has a scraper unit 31 that prevents the monitoring device 11 arranged at the inner end I from clogging due to the accumulation of deposited slag or in some other mechanical way the vision of the interior is lost. oven 1. To this end, the scraper unit 31 comprises a scraper head 33 in the form of a sleeve, arranged in the intermediate space between the second housing 17 and the first housing 13 and is slidable (axially) parallel to the axis A of the second housing 17 . The scraper unit 31 also has four extension bars 35, which are fixed, said more precisely screwed on the front face facing the outer end E of the scraper head 33, in axial extension of the scraper head 33, and driven in brackets 37 connected to the second housing 17. In the manufacturing model, the extension rods 35 are coupled to piston rods 39 which at their end, provided with pistons, opposite the extension rods 35 are driven in cylinders 41 and pneumatically activated; however, other drives are also possible, for example a drive by electric motor or in hydraulic form. If necessary, the drives are fitted with return springs.

In the combustion process in furnace 1, slags are produced which are deposited on the wall 3 of furnace 1 and that in the soft state slide down as a result of the force of gravity It may happen that a deposit of slags of this type arrives from up to the inner end I of the monitoring device 11. Then the compressed air L begins to cool the slag. In the rest position of the scraper unit 31, the scraper head 33 is arranged inside the first housing 13, that is to say, distanced from the inner end of the monitoring device 11. Normally, the scraper unit 31 is actuated synchronously, that is, actuated periodically, for example, every 10 seconds or every minute, in which the extension bars 35 extend the scraper head 33 until the scraper head 33 projects past the inner end I, and then retract it again until the scraper head 33 has reached the rest position. As soon as a slag deposit reaches the extension zone of the scraper head 33, it is mechanically detached by said periodic activation of the scraper unit 31.

The image of the interior of the oven 1, captured by means of the arrangement of cameras through the monitoring device 11, is subjected by an electronic evaluation and regulation system to image processing that then, if necessary, performs actions in accordance with the regulation objective for the regulation of the combustion process in furnace 1, that is, it controls the feeding of furnace 1. If in the captured image it is detected that a darkening is formed from the (upper) edge, the scraper unit 31 is actuated selectively, that is, the deposit of slag in formation is eliminated by means of an extraordinary activation of the unit. scraping unit 31. Consequently, if necessary, the cycle for periodically activating the scraping unit 31 can be shortened. If no improvement occurs, an alarm is triggered to request manual cleaning, in particular when a repeated extraordinary activation of the scraper unit 31 remains unsuccessful. The information regarding the frequency of activation of the scraper unit 31 is preferably used also for the regulation of the combustion process.

IS 2 340 486 T3

List of references

I wall oven

II monitoring device first housing first flange second housing second flange coupling monitoring element scraper unit scraper head extension bar clamping piston rod cylinder

To axis

E outer end

I inner end

L compressed air.