Control method and system
Abstract
Method and control system comprising an electronic control unit (11) that governs the supply of electric current from a source of electrical energy to a motor-compressor arrangement (12, 13); The electronic control unit comprises a converter means that connects an inversion means (15) to supply the voltage demanded by the motor (12). A PWM pulse width regulator (16) generates the switching signals for all the switching elements of the unit (11) relative to said demanded voltage.

Term
Term ended
Expired 14 September 2024, 2 years ago.
- Priority and filed
- Granted
- Expired
- Today
16 claims: 3 independent, 13 dependent
- 1ES 2 249 181 B1 REIVINDICACIONES 1. Método para controlar el suministro de energía eléctrica desde una fuente de energía eléctrica conectable a un motor (12) eléctrico a través de una unidad (11) de control; a su vez, el motor (12) eléctrico es conectable a un medio (13) de compresión; caracterizado porque el método comprende los pasos de:- detectar la tensión de la fuente de energía eléctrica, - predeterminar una velocidad de funcionamiento deseada del motor (12) eléctrico, - calcular por medio de un algoritmo PID la señal de tensión que hay que aplicar a los arrollamientos del motor (12) eléctrico para alcanzar la velocidad deseada predeterminada, y - generar por medio de un regulador (16) de anchura de pulso PWM las señales de conmutación, relativas a la señal de tensión calculada, para aplicar a cada uno de los elementos de conmutación incluidos en la unidad (11) de control, a fin de que el motor (12) alcance la velocidad de funcionamiento deseada.
- 2Método de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1;caracterizado porque la velocidad de funcionamiento deseada del motor (12) eléctrico es substancialmente fija predeterminada.
- 3Método de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1;caracterizado, porque la velocidad de funcionamiento deseada del motor (12) eléctrico es función de la tensión de la fuente de energía eléctrica tal como una batería o baterías.
- 4Método de acuerdo a la reivindicación 3;caracterizado porque la velocidad de funcionamiento deseada del motor (12) eléctrico es variable dentro de un intervalo definido entre un valor mínimo y máximo de velocidad.
- 5Método de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1;caracterizado porque la velocidad de funcionamiento deseada del motor (12) eléctrico es substancialmente variable en función de la temperatura de un recinto refrigerado o bien en función de los ciclos de trabajo de un termostato instalado dentro del recinto refrigerado.
- 6Sistema para controlar el suministro de energía eléctrica desde una fuente de energía eléctrica conectable a un motor (12) eléctrico a través de una unidad (11) de control; a su vez, el motor (12) eléctrico es conectable a un medio (13) de compresión; caracterizado, porque el sistema comprende:- medios de detección de la tensión de la fuente de energía eléctrica, - medios de predeterminación de una velocidad de funcionamiento deseada del motor (12) eléctrico, - medios de cálculo de la señal de tensión que hay que aplicar a los arrollamientos del motor (12) eléctrico para alcanzar la velocidad deseada predeterminada, y - regulador (16) de anchura de pulso PWM que genera las señales de conmutación, relativas a la señal de tensión calculada, para aplicar a cada uno de los elementos de conmutación incluidos en la unidad (11) de control, a fin de que el motor (12) alcance la velocidad de funcionamiento deseada.
- 7Sistema de acuerdo a la reivindicación 6;caracterizado porque la unidad (11) de control incluye además un medio (14) de conversión de energía que recibe energía desde la fuente de energía eléctrica.
- 8Sistema de acuerdo a la reivindicación 7;caracterizada, porque el medio (14) de conversión de energía comprende un elemento de conmutación que está en modo corte permanente cuando el nivel de tensión demandado por el motor (12) eléctrico es inferior al nivel de tensión de la fuente de energía eléctrica y en modo modulación en caso contrario.
- 9Sistema de acuerdo a la reivindicación 8;caracterizado porque el medio (14) de conversión de energía es un convertidor elevador.
- 10Sistema de acuerdo a la reivindicación 9;caracterizado porque la unidad (11) de control incluye además un medio (15) de inversión conectado un medio (14) de conversión de energía a que, a su vez, está conectado al conjunto motor eléctrico-compresor (12, 13).
- 11Sistema de acuerdo a la reivindicación 10;caracterizado porque cada elemento de conmutación del medio (15) de inversión trifásica trabaja en conducción permanente y al corte cuando la tensión del motor (12) es inferior a la tensión de la batería y trabaja en modulación y al corte en caso contrario.
- 12Unidad de control conectable a una fuente de energía eléctrica y a un conjunto motor eléctrico-compresor (12, 13);caracterizado porque la unidad (11) de control incluye además un medio (14) de conversión de energía conectado a un medio (15) de inversión que, a su vez, está conectado al conjunto motor eléctrico-compresor (12, 13).
- 13Unidad de control de acuerdo a la reivindicación 12;caracterizado porque cada elemento de conmutación del medio (15) de inversión trifásica trabaja en conducción permanente y al corte cuando la tensión demandada por el motor (12) es inferior a la tensión de la batería y trabaja en modulación y al corte en caso contrario.
- 14Unidad de control de acuerdo a la reivindicación 13;caracterizado porque el medio (14) de conversión de energía comprende un elemento de conmutación que está en modo corte permanentemente cuando el nivel de tensión demandado por el motor (12) eléctrico es inferior al nivel de tensión de la fuente de energía eléctrica y en modo modulación en caso contrario.
- 15Unidad de control de acuerdo a la reivindicación 12;caracterizado porque el medio (14) de conversión de energía es un convertidor elevador.
- 16Unidad de control de acuerdo a la reivindicación 14;caracterizado porque el medio (14) de inversión es un inversor trifásico que incluye elementos de conmutación tal como transistores de efecto campo MOSFET, IGBT o similar.
Independent claims16
31 paragraphs in 2 sections, as filed
ES 2 249 181 B1
DESCRIPTION
Control method and system.
Object of the invention
The present invention relates to a method for governing and controlling the supply of energy from an electrical energy source to an assembly comprising an electric motor connectable to a hermetically encapsulated refrigeration compression unit.
State of the art
It is known that electrical refrigeration appliances can be powered from electrical energy sources such as batteries that are charged by an electrical generator driven from an internal combustion engine or from a panel of photovoltaic cells or the like.
A disadvantage of the aforementioned system derives from the fact that the battery voltage level varies over time, that is, the battery voltage level is higher than the nominal voltage of the battery when it is charged. , and when the battery discharges, its voltage progressively decreases, being lower than its nominal voltage, resulting in that the battery must be disconnected when its voltage level reaches a lower predetermined voltage level, in order to protect the battery.
Consequently, it becomes necessary to develop a control system to control the supply of electrical energy from a battery to an electric motor assembly connectable to a hermetically encapsulated refrigeration compression unit so as to guarantee the life of the battery. Characterization of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve or reduce one or more of the drawbacks set forth above by means of an electrical supply control method as claimed in claim 1. Embodiments of the invention are established in the dependent claims.
An object of the present invention is to implement a method for controlling the supply of electric power from an electric power source connectable to an electric motor through a control unit; wherein the control unit receives a voltage from the electrical power source. A PID algorithm calculates the voltage that must be applied to the windings of the electric motor to reach the desired predetermined speed, and generates, by means of a PWM modulator, the switching signals, relative to the calculated voltage signal, to apply to each one of them. the switching elements included in said control unit, so that the motor reaches the desired operating speed.
Another object of the present invention is to preserve battery life.
Still another object of the present invention is to maintain the temperature of a refrigerated room without penalizing the battery.
Brief statement of the figures
Devices embodying the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 shows in a block diagram an electronic control unit connected to a hermetically encapsulated motor-compressor combination according to the invention.
Description of the invention
Next, with reference to Figure 1, there is schematically illustrated a block diagram of an electronic control means 11 connected to a combination of an electric motor 12 and a compression means 13 and a source of electric power.
The control unit 11 comprises an energy conversion means 14 that receives energy from the source of electrical energy such as a battery or the like, not shown, connectable to an electrical generator, not shown, whose task is to recharge the battery.
The converter 14 is made according to a boost topology such as a boost converter, that is, a boost converter.
The control unit 11 also includes a reversal means 15 such as a three-phase inverter connected through a pair of input terminals to a pair of output terminals of the boost converter 14. Likewise, the control unit 11 includes output terminals by means of which it is connected to the windings of a brushless DC motor 12 without sensors of the rotor position, which, in turn, is coupled to the compressor 13 . A capacitor 17 is connected in parallel to the input terminals of the three-phase inverter 15.
The boost converter 14 and the three-phase inverter 15 are widely known in the state of the art and their operation will not be described in detail. Both devices 14, 15 include switching elements such as MOSFET field effect transistors, IGBTs or the like that operate in cut and drive mode.
The control unit 11 includes a microprocessor, not shown, that executes a PID (proportional integral derivative) algorithm to calculate the voltage demanded by the motor 12 necessary to reach and maintain a predetermined speed.
The control unit 11 also includes a pulse width modulation regulator, PWM, which is connected to all the switching elements of the control unit 11, to generate the switching signals that are applied to each switching element at each instant, as a result, a voltage will be generated that is applied, at each instant, to the motor windings 12, the latter reaching the speed necessary to maintain cooling conditions and preserve battery life.
The speed of the motor 12 can be fixed predetermined or a function of the battery voltage, variable within a predetermined range, that is, when the battery voltage reaches its lower operating voltage value, the motor 12 must rotate at a speed. minimum predetermined speed and when the battery voltage reaches its upper operating voltage value, the motor should rotate at a predetermined maximum speed.
The speed can also be variable, calculated through an algorithm that analyzes the temperature of the refrigerated room or the work cycles of a thermostat that maintains said temperature.
In summary, the speed at which motor 12 must rotate is known at each instant. Once the speed is known, the PID algorithm calculates the voltage level to be applied to the windings of the motor.
ES 2 249 181 B1 motor 12 to reach said speed. Once the required voltage value has been calculated, the PWM modulator 16 generates the corresponding commutation signals for each commutation element so that the motor 12 rotates at the desired speed. The switching signals make the switching elements of the control unit 11 work in cutting and conduction mode.
In any case described above, there can be two different circumstances that are, the voltage demanded by the motor 12, namely, calculated by the PID algorithm, is higher than the battery voltage and the voltage demanded by the motor 12 is lower. to battery voltage.
In the event that the motor 12 demands a voltage value greater than the voltage value supplied from the battery, the voltage delivered to the boost converter 14 from the battery is transformed into a higher voltage. This transformation is governed by the PWM modulator 16 that generates in one of its outputs a switching signal, duty cycle, which is applied to the switch of the boost converter 14, so that the converter 14 converts the received voltage into another higher voltage, which is applied to the windings of the motor 12 via the three-phase inverter 15, which works without modulating.
In the event that the motor 12 demands a voltage value lower than the voltage value supplied from the battery, the PWM modulator 16 generates a permanent cut-off signal that is applied to the boost converter switch 14, so that said switch does not conduct. and there is unconverted power transfer between the input and output of the boost converter 14. To accommodate the voltage level received from the battery to the value demanded by the motor 12, the PWM modulator 16 generates the corresponding modulated signals, duty cycles, for each of the switching elements of the three-phase inverter 15, so that the voltage received from the battery is cut substantially to the voltage value demanded from the motor
12.
The embodiments and examples set forth herein are presented as the best explanation of the present invention and its practical application and to thereby enable those skilled in the art to practice and utilize the invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the foregoing description and examples have been presented for the purpose of illustration and by way of example only. The description as set forth is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims.
Contents2
1 sheet
Sheet 1
6 members in 4 offices
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 200402190 | Spain | A | |
| ES20040002190 | – | – | – |
Members6
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES2249181A1 | Spain | A1 | |
| WO2006042893A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| ES2249181B1This record | Spain | B1 | |
| EP1796242A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| US2008223059A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US8087259B2 | United States of America | B2 |
4 legal events, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Over the term
Point at a mark for the eventEvents
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Transfer of patentPC2A | PC2A | |
| Transfer of patentPC2A | PC2A | |
| Definitive protectionFG2A | FG2A | |
| Search report publishedEC2A | EC2A |
Numbers
- Publication
- 2249181
- Publication, DOCDB
- 2249181
- Publication, EPODOC
- ES2249181
- Application
- 2190
- Application, DOCDB
- 200402190
- Application, EPODOC
- ES20040002190
Titles2
- Spanish
- METODO Y SISTEMA DE CONTROL.
- English
- METHOD AND CONTROL SYSTEM.
Classification
- CPC, 9
- F25B49/025
- F25B49/00
- F25B2600/021
- F25B2700/2104
- H02M7/53875
- H02P27/08
- Y02B30/70
- G01R19/165
- H02J7/855
- IPC, 3
- F25B49 00
- G01R19 165
- H02J7 00