Taste masked pharmaceutical liquid formulations
Abstract
An orally consumable liquid composition comprising a pharmaceutically active agent in the form of particles contained in a liquid suspension with a pH greater than 6.0, each particle comprising a pharmaceutically active agent core, optionally associated with pharmaceutically inactive adjuvants; the core being coated with an effective taste masking amount of a mixture of polymers of (a) dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and neutral methacrylic acid ester (MM / MAE) and (b) a cellulose ester, in an aqueous vehicle, the polymer weight ratio between cellulose ester and MM / MAE from 40:60 to 90:10.
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Projected expiry passed 21 June 2020, 6.3 years ago.
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17 claims: 15 independent, 2 dependent
- 1Una composición líquida consumible por vía oral que comprende un agente farmacéuticamente activo en forma de partículas contenido en una suspensión líquida con un pH mayor de 6,0, comprendiendo cada partícula un núcleo de agente farmacéuticamente activo, opcionalmente asociado con adyuvantes farmacéuticamente inactivos; estando el núcleo recubierto con una cantidad eficaz enmascaradora de sabor de una mezcla de polímeros de (a) metacrilato de dimetilaminoetilo y éster de ácido metacrílico neutro (MM/MAE) y (b) un éster de celulosa, en un vehículo acuoso, siendo la proporción en peso de polímeros entre éster de celulosa y MM/MAE de 40:60 a 90:10.
- 2La composición líquida consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en la que el nivel de recubrimiento de la partícula está entre 40% y 120% en peso del recubrimiento en relación con el peso de las partículas de agente activo encapsuladas.
- 3El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en el que la proporción en peso de polímeros entre éster de celulosa y MM/MAE es 60:40.
- 4El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en el que el éster de celulosa se selecciona de acetato de celulosa, acetato butirato de celulosa y triacetato de celulosa.
- 5El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en el que el agente activo se selecciona de fármacos antibióticos, fármacos analgésicos, fármacos antiinflamatorios, fármacos gastrointestinales, antihistamínicos, descongestionantes, antidepresivos, antipsicóticos, antivirales, oncolíticos, vacunas, antiepilépticos, fármacos antiasma y antiespasmódicos.
- 6El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en el que las partículas de agente activo recubiertas están mezcladas con uno o más adyuvantes farmacéuticamente aceptables.
- 7El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en el que las partículas de agente activo recubiertas están mezcladas con un agente alcalinizante.
- 8El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 1 en el que el agente activo es levofloxacino.
- 9La composición líquida consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 6 en la que el éster de celulosa es acetato de celulosa y el polímero de MM/MAE es Eudragit E100 y en la que la proporción entre acetato de celulosa y EUDRAGIT E100 es 60:40 a 70:30.
- 10El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 8 en el que la proporción en peso de polímeros es 60/40.
- 11El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 8 en el que el nivel de recubrimiento va desde 90% hasta 120% del peso inicial de las partículas.
- 12El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 8 en el que el nivel de recubrimiento es 111% del peso inicial de las partículas.
- 13El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 8 en el que las partículas de levofloxacino recubiertas están mezcladas con uno o más adyuvantes farmacéuticamente aceptables.
- 14El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 8 en el que las partículas de levofloxacino recubiertas están mezcladas con un agente alcalinizante.
- 15El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 14 en el que el agente alcalinizante es bicarbonato de sodio.
- 16El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 13 en el que los adyuvantes se seleccionan de saborizantes, edulcorantes, agentes espesantes, y colorantes.
- 17El líquido consumible por vía oral de la reivindicación 13 seleccionado entre los que tienen la siguiente fórmula:Componente g/5ml g/5ml Levofloxacino 0,125^{a} 0,250^{a} Eudragit E100 0,05^{a} 0,10^{a} (Continuación) Componente g/5ml g/5ml Acetato de Celulosa, NF 0,075^{a} 0,15^{a} Bicarbonato de Sódio, USP 0,02 0,02 Celulosa microcristalina + Carboximetil Celulosa, NF (Avicel RC591) 0,275 0,275 Sacarosa, NF (Granulado Especial de Baker) 2,5 2,5 Sabor de chicle N \textamp A 0,001 --- Sabor de ponche de frutas N \textamp A --- 0,0075 Rojo#40 FD \textamp C 0,00015 0,002 Agua cs ad 5,0 ml 5,0 ml
Independent claims17
47 paragraphs in 2 sections, as filed
Pharmaceutical liquid flavor formulations masked.
This invention relates to formulations oral pharmaceutical liquids that effectively mask the unpleasant taste of pharmaceutical or nutritional supplements with Bitter taste characteristics or otherwise undesirable. Plus specifically, the invention relates to liquid suspensions of pharmaceutical forms coated with reverse enteric polymer which they mask the unpleasant taste of the active agent. Suspensions liquids can be swallowed without producing a bitter taste in the mouth, but the coated agent is immediately bioavailable by the exposure to pH levels found in the stomach.
Medications can be administered at patient in many ways, being oral administration the more popular. Medications can be given to the patient by mouth as liquid solutions, emulsions or suspensions, or in form solid as capsules or tablets. Babies, children, the elderly, and many other people are unable to swallow tablets and capsules integers Therefore, in cases where the dose to be administering cannot be done in a tablet or capsule very Small, it is desirable to provide the medicine in liquid form or Chewable
Many active ingredients, such as antibiotics, have a strong unpleasant taste. When a Medication is formulated as a tablet or capsule with the intention of swallowed whole, the flavor of the active ingredient normally does not It is a problem since the capsule prevents the active ingredient comes into contact with the mouth and the tablet can be coated to avoid contact of the asset with the mouth during the short time that The tablet is present in the mouth. By contrast, the masking of the unpleasant taste characteristics of active agent is an extremely important factor in the formulation of liquid and chewable pharmaceutical compounds. The palatability of the liquid or chewable pharmaceutical form is a Critical factor to ensure patient compliance.
In some cases, the unpleasant taste of Active medication in a liquid or chewable formulation can be reduce by adding flavoring and sweetening ingredients to Improve taste and appetite. However, when the active medicine has a particularly strong or bitter taste, as in the case of many antibiotics, the mere addition of such flavoring and sweetening ingredients is insufficient to Improve taste and palatability. Consequently, they have employed different flavor coating compositions masked in the formulation of pharmaceutical forms of suspension liquid and chewable tablet.
U.S. Pat. 5,599,556 reveals liquid formulations in which the active ingredient is coated with a single external polymeric coating that is obtained from cereal grain proteins prolamines and with an agent plasticizer Coatings are designed to degrade quickly once the composition leaves the mouth.
U.S. Pat. 5,489,436 reveals chewable tablets made from a drug coated in the that the coating is a "reverse enteric coating" designed to be soluble in the lower stomach pH but relatively insoluble in water at the highest pH of the mouth. The coatings are comprised of a mixture of polymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and neutral methacrylic acid ester and a cellulose ester.
Although the procedure mentioned above Enteric reverse coating of taste masking formulations is disclosed in relation to chewable tablets, not there is disclosure of its use in a liquid formulation, in which the taste masking coating will need to survive in a aqueous medium for a prolonged period. There is thus a need for a masking formulation of the right flavor to an aqueous liquid suspension that is stable and retains its taste masking properties in the aqueous medium during a prolonged period, which still has immediate bioavailability after swallowing and ingestion.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention provides a composition liquid for oral administration comprising a pharmaceutically active drug coated with an amount Effective flavor masking of a polymer blend of (a) dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and neutral methacrylic acid ester (MM / MAE) and (b) a cellulose ester, in an aqueous vehicle, being the weight ratio of polymers between the cellulose ester and the MM / MAE from about 40:60 to about 90:10, preferably about 60:40. Liquid composition it uses a "reverse enteric coating" that is soluble in the acidic pH of the stomach, usually about 1.0 to 4.0, but relatively insoluble in the non-acidic pH of the mouth. The coatings provide rapid release and absorption of the drug, which is generally desirable in the case of dosage forms liquid
In preferred embodiments, the Useful active medicines in liquid flavor formulations masked of the present invention are antibiotic drugs, particularly levofloxacin, ofloxacin and antibiotics of quinolone related, as well as other known antibiotics that they have an unpleasant taste and are formulated for administration by orally such as cephalosporins, macrolide antibiotics, penicillins and the like. Other active medications that can be beneficially use in the liquid compositions of the invention include analgesic drugs, such as tramadol or codeine, anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, naproxen and other NSAIDs. Other active agents for which the liquid compositions of the invention include drugs gastrointestinal, antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antivirals, oncolytics, vaccines, antiepileptics (for example topiramate), anti-asthma compounds, antispasmodics, and the like.
According to the invention, the drug particles active are usually coated by spraying with the polymer coating either directly or after granulated, and then the coated particles are mixed with others pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as sweeteners, flavorings and the like in an aqueous liquid vehicle for oral administration
The invention also relates to a taste masking procedure of medications for oral administration using the compositions of coating of the invention.
Detailed description
The invention relates in particular to liquid preparations with masked flavor for administration by orally comprising a pharmaceutically active drug that It has an unpleasant taste that is coated with a coating Enteric inverse Enteric reverse coatings are what they are not soluble in water at non-acidic pH like those present in the mouth, but are soluble in stomach acid pH levels. The coatings provide a protective layer that masks the unpleasant taste characteristics of the active ingredient in the mouth due to its low solubility in it but they are easily soluble in the stomach and therefore provide release immediate active medicine in the stomach. Coatings Inverse enteric encapsulate the active ingredient and therefore effectively and stably mask the taste of the medicine active.
According to the invention, a oral consumable liquid composition comprising an agent pharmaceutically active in the form of particles contained in a liquid suspension having a pH greater than about 6.0, each particle comprising a pharmaceutically active agent core active, optionally associated with pharmaceutically adjuvants inactive; the core being coated with an effective amount flavor masking of a mixture of polymers of (a) methacrylate of dimethylaminoethyl and neutral methacrylic acid ester (MM / MAE) and (b) a cellulose ester, in an aqueous vehicle, the proportion by weight of polymers between the cellulose ester and the MM / MAE from about 60:40 to about 70:30, preferably about 60:40. In one embodiment preferred, the formulation is prepared as a white powder that is reconstitute with water to form the liquid compositions of the invention.
The details of the mixture of polymers used for coatings and coating techniques are described in US Pat. 5,489,436. In general, the component of cellulose acetate, whose solubility is independent of pH, and the MM / MAE component, whose solubility is pH dependent, is mix in a proportion that provides the characteristics of desired diffusion. The diffusion and solubility of the coating it depends on the proportion of the two components and the properties Physicochemicals of the drug that is coated. For the formulations liquids of the present invention, the inventors have discovered than the optimal proportion of CD: MM / MAE, particularly in which the active agent is the quinolone antibiotic levofloxacin, it is approximately 60:40 to 70:30, respectively. This proportion provides the desired broadcast characteristics, that is, masked with appropriate flavor, while present in the mouth but the immediate disintegration and diffusion of the active agent when they are present in the acidic pH levels of the stomach. The diffusion characteristics thus obtained, provide the appropriate immediate bioavailability of the active agent as is generally desirable in a liquid formulation.
If necessary, the active agent particles they are granulated first before coating, particularly if the Particles are irregular in shape and size. Preferably, the particles to be coated will be in the size range ranging from about 3 to about 500 micrometers The optimal thickness of the coating material applied to the particles will depend on the characteristics physicochemicals of the active agent but usually goes from about 40% to about 120% of applied film. The most preferred coating level is between approximately 50% to about 120% by weight of coating in relation to with the weight of the encapsulated active agent particles. For him levofloxacin, the preferred coating level ranges from approximately 90% to approximately 120%, the most preferably about 111% of the initial weight of the particles
The ingredients for coating Polymers are those disclosed in US Pat. 5,489,436. A variety of cellulose esters can be used in the polymer coating. Preferred cellulose esters are cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate and cellulose triacetate, with cellulose acetate being the most favorite. The preferred MM / MAE is the polymer blend sold under the trade name EUDRAGIT® E-100, available at Rohm Pharma. It is a copolymer based on methacrylates of dimethylaminoethyl and neutral esters of methacrylic acid with a average molecular weight of 150000. They can be added to the coating of polymer blend other optional additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone or the 2 vinyl copolymer pyridine (V) / styrene (S).
Formulation preparation can be carried carried out by means of a variety of coating techniques known in the art including bedding fluidized, conventional top spray coating and wet granulation techniques. Preferably, the fluidized bed coating with a Wurster column insert to apply the coating. In this procedure, the particles of active agent to be coated are suspended in an apparatus that creates an upward air stream in which the particles The current passes through an area of material finely atomized coating that causes the particles to coated, after which the coated particles move up through the Wurster column and then travel towards down in a fluidized condition countercurrent to a flow of hot fluidized gas in which they are dried. Particles can re-enter the upstream to coat Additionally.
Generally, the coating material of polymers dissolve in an organic solvent to make a solution for use in the bed coating process fluidized A variety of organic solvents can be used, preferably acetone or a mixture of acetone methanol. He solvent is removed in the drying process and thus it is not present in the final composition. Polymer concentration Total coating solutions may vary, usually in the range of about 5 to about 20% by weight, preferably about 12% weight / weight.
Once the particles are obtained coated dry, the coated particles are mixed with others pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants as flavorings, sweeteners, thickeners, dyes and the like to form the compositions of the invention for liquid administration by orally. Suitable flavors include fruit flavors, flavors of mint, licorice or chewing gum. Sweetening agents can be for example sweeteners of large quantities such as sucrose or polyols (for example maltitol, sorbitol) and / or intense sweeteners such as saccharin, aspartame or acesulfame K. The preparation can be form as a liquid, or as a powder for reconstitution with water by part of the pharmacist before dispatching.
It is also desirable to include an agent alkalizing in the aqueous liquid suspension to preserve the integrity of the reverse enteric masked flavor coating. The alkalizing agents that are applicable for use in the present invention are those that are alkalizing in aqueous solution and are able to raise and maintain the pH of the aqueous suspension by above about 5. The alkalizing agent can be Select from any of the following compounds: alkali metal hydroxides, phosphates, carbonates and bicarbonates, as sodium bicarbonate; magnesium hydroxide; magnesium oxide; magnesium phosphates; magnesium carbonate; carbonate hydroxide magnesium; magnesium glycinate; magnesium silicates; silicate of magnesium aluminum; alkaline clays such as bentonite; zeolites; calcium oxide; calcium hydroxide; calcium phosphates; magaldrate; hydrotalcite; sodium dihydroxyaluminium carbonate; ammonium hydroxide; ammonium bicarbonate; ammonium carbonate; ethanolamine; diethanolamine; triethanolamine; tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, its hydrates and the like. At In the case of levofloxacin, sodium bicarbonate is preferred. He they can use one or more such alkalizing agents in a amount to raise the pH of the suspension above 5.0.
As stated, the masking formulations of flavor of the present invention satisfy the unique requirements of a liquid formulation. According to the invention, a formulation that is stable, that is the masking properties of flavor survive in a "hostile" aqueous environment after the reconstitution for at least the duration of the period of treatment (in the case of antibiotics, 7-14 days), while still providing masked flavor appropriate when the product is administered.
To further illustrate the present invention and the advantages thereof, the following examples are given specific.
Example 1
Preparation of masked flavor levofloxacin composition for oral liquid administration
For core particles pharmaceutically active, a polymer coating solution is prepared as described in Table 1 below, adding the polymers to the acetone.
TABLE 1
Quantitative composition of levofloxacin pearls coated
<tables><table><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry>Component</entry><entry>% weight / weight</entry></row><row><entry>Levofloxacin</entry><entry>9,836</entry></row><row><entry>Eudragit E100</entry><entry>4,328</entry></row><row><entry>Cellulose Acetate, NF (CA 398-10)</entry><entry>6,492</entry></row><row><entry>Acetone, NF a</entry><entry>79,344</entry></row><row><entry>Total:</entry><entry> \ hskip4.3cm 100.0</entry></row><row><entry>a the Acetone is removed during the procedure and does not appear on the product final.</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
The coating was carried out in a coater of fluidized bed Glatt GPCG-3 with an insert Wurster 7 '' The proportion of polymer weight between Acetate Cellulose and Eudragit E100 in the masking coating of flavor for both lots was 60:40 and 70:30 for lots 1 and 2, respectively. The actual coating level, calculated from of the potency test, it was 111% and 93% of the initial one respectively. Coating parameters and granulometric analysis for The two lots are summarized in Tables 2 and 3.
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<figref>1</figref>
After coating the particles of levofloxacin, the coated particles are mixed with the adjuvants set forth in the following Table 4 to form a liquid composition for oral administration suitable for pediatric use
TABLE 4
Quantitative composition of levofloxacin powder for reconstitution 125 and 250 mg / 5 ml when reconstituted
<tables><table><tgroup cols="3"><tbody><row><entry>Component</entry><entry>g / 5ml</entry><entry>g / 5ml</entry></row><row><entry>Levofloxacin</entry><entry>0.125 a</entry><entry>0.250 a</entry></row><row><entry>Eudragit E100</entry><entry>0.05 a</entry><entry>0.10 a</entry></row><row><entry>Cellulose Acetate, NF (CA 398-10)</entry><entry>0.075 a</entry><entry>0.15 a</entry></row><row><entry>Sodium bicarbonate, USP</entry><entry>0,02</entry><entry>0,02</entry></row><row><entry>Cellulose Microcrystalline + Carboxymethyl Cellulose, NF (Avicel RC591)</entry><entry>0,275</entry><entry>0,275</entry></row><row><entry>Sucrose, NF (Special Granulate Baker)</entry><entry>2,5</entry><entry>2,5</entry></row><row><entry>Flavor of chewing gum N \ textamp A</entry><entry>0,001</entry><entry>---</entry></row><row><entry>Fruit Punch Flavor N \ textamp A</entry><entry>---</entry><entry>0,0075</entry></row><row><entry>Red # 40 FD \ textamp C</entry><entry>0,00015</entry><entry>0,002</entry></row><row><entry>Water cs ad</entry><entry>5.0 mlb</entry><entry>5.0 ml b</entry></row><row><entry>a Based on the theoretical coating level of 100% initial. The actual amount depends on the power</entry></row><row><entry>of the essay of the coated levofloxacin pearls used in the lot.</entry></row><row><entry>b Water that The pharmacist will add it before shipping it.</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
Example 2
Dissolution studies of the levofloxacin composition of masked taste for oral liquid administration
Coated Levofloxacin Particles Inverse enterics, prepared as described in Example 1, are They tested using a dissolution device. Dissolution studies were carried out at pH 1.2, 3 and 7.5 for the two batches of pearls of coated levofloxacin prepared as described in the Example 1. The results, as summarized in Table 5, show that it releases very little active agent at pH 7.5, while it was observed quick release at 1.2.
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<figref>2</figref>
Contents2
43 members in 26 offices
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14301999 | United States of America | P | |
| 19990143019P | United States of America | – |
Members43
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2377916A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO0103698A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| AU5880200A | Australia | A | |
| NO20020086D0 | Norway | D0 | |
| NO20020086L | Norway | L | |
| BR0012326A | Brazil | A | |
| EP1194153A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| KR20020029668A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| KR20020031382A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| MXPA02000331A | Mexico | A | |
| CN1360504A | China | A | |
| IL147510D0 | Israel | D0 | |
| TR200200710T2 | Türkiye | T2 | |
| US6482823B1 | United States of America | B1 | |
| HU0201765A2 | Hungary | A2 | |
| HUP0201765A2 | Hungary | A2 | |
| JP2003504335A | Japan | A | |
| SK322002A3 | Slovakia | A3 | |
| EE200200012A | Estonia | A | |
| AR027179A1 | Argentina | A1 | |
| US2003064107A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US6586012B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| PL352761A1 | Poland | A1 | |
| NZ516486A | New Zealand | A | |
| HRP20020119A2 | Croatia | A2 | |
| EP1194153B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| AT265852T | Austria | T | |
| ATE265852T1 | Austria | T1 | |
| AU773555B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| HU0201765A3 | Hungary | A3 | |
| HUP0201765A3 | Hungary | A3 | |
| DE60010464D1 | Germany | D1 | |
| DK1194153T3 | Denmark | T3 | |
| PT1194153E | Portugal | E | |
| SI1194153T1 | Slovenia | T1 | |
| CN1174740C | China | C | |
| ES2219360T3This record | Spain | T3 | |
| DE60010464T2 | Germany | T2 | |
| KR100675809B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| IL147510A | Israel | A | |
| CA2377916C | Canada | C | |
| PL197812B1 | Poland | B1 | |
| EE05147B1 | Estonia | B1 |
Numbers
- Publication
- 2219360
- Application
- 944752
Titles2
- Spanish
- FORMULACIONES LIQUIDAS FARMACEUTICAS DE SABOR ENMASCARADO.
- English
- PHARMACEUTICAL LIQUID FORMULATIONS OF MASKED FLAVOR.
Classification
- CPC, 6
- A61K31/5383
- A61K9/08
- A61K9/0095
- A61K9/5026
- A61K9/5042
- A61P31/00
- IPC, 9
- A61K9 10
- A61K9 00
- A61K9 50
- A61K31 5383
- A61K47 04
- A61K47 18
- A61K47 26
- A61K47 32
- A61K47 38