Glass substrate with increased weathering and chemcial resistance
12 claims: 9 independent, 3 dependent
- 1Glass substrate comprising an SiOxCy coating chemically resistant to weathering and with no perceptible yellow edge color wherein the O/Si atomic ratio is comprised between 1.85 and 1.95 and the SiOxCy coating thickness is comprised between 10 nm and 80 nm, wherein the water contact angle is comprised between 35° and 45° and wherein there is no additional essentially inorganic coating on the SiOxCy coating and wherein the SiOxCy coating is the only coating deposited on the SiOxCy coated side of the glass substrate and wherein the glass substrate is a clear or an extra-clear soda lime glass substrate and wherein the colors in transmission a* and b* are such that a* < 0 and b* ≤ [0.90 + 0.20 x In(0.02-a*)], and wherein the C/Si atomic ratio is comprised between 0.1 and 0.8 and wherein the SiOxCy coating is deposited directly on the glass.
- 3Glass substrate comprising an SiOxCy coating according to any of the preceding claims wherein the SiOxCy coated glass substrates are heat treated.
- 4Glass substrate comprising an SiOxCy coating according to any of the preceding claims wherein the SiOxCy coating thickness is comprised between 10 nm and 50 nm, preferably between 10 and 30 nm, preferably between 20 nm and 30 nm.
- 5Glass substrate comprising an SiOxCy coating according to any of the preceding claims wherein the SiOxCy coating is deposited by chemical vapor deposition from a gaseous mixture comprising a silane precursor, an unsaturated hydro-carbon based radical scavenger, an oxygen source and a carrier gas.
- 7Process for obtaining a glass substrate with increased chemical and mechanical resistance with low levels of yellow edge color, comprising a. providing a glass substrate, b. coating the glass substrate by chemical vapor deposition performed at a glass substrate temperature comprised between 650 and 720°C, with a gaseous mixture comprising monosilane SiH4, carbon dioxide CO2, ethylene C2H4, and nitrogen as carrier gas, wherein the total flow rate of the gases is comprised between 41 and 70 standard liters per minute per meter of coating beam length, the SiH4 molar concentration in the total gas flow is comprised between 2 and 6 mol%, the C2H4 to SiH4 molar ratio is comprised between 7 and 10, and the CO2 to SiH4 molar ratio is comprised between 9 and 24, the remainder of the total gas flow being made up of the carrier gas nitrogen.
- 11Use of SiOxCy coating wherein the O/Si atomic ratio is comprised between 1.2 and 1.95 and the SiOxCy coating thickness is comprised between 10 nm and 80 nm for increasing the weathering and chemical resistance of a glass substrate and wherein there is no additional essentially inorganic coating on the SiOxCy coating.
Independent claims9
54 paragraphs, as filed
0001This invention relates to glass products that are useful in any application where the glass surface is submitted to weathering and/or chemical strain and in particular when the edge of the glass is visible. The applications comprise for example furniture applications such as table tops or shelving, in particular garden furniture, structural applications such as balustrades and partition walls, and also certain windows, glass doors, shower walls and shower doors. This invention relates in particular to glass products submitted to high humidity environments such as bathrooms, swimming pools and greenhouses for example. In all these applications it is usually desired for the glass transmission and reflection to be as color neutral as possible. This is true not only for the surfaces of the glass sheets, but also for their edges.
0002Regular clear soda-lime glass has suitable optical properties concerning the level and color of transmitted light. However, because of the elongated view path, a greenish tint can be observed by the naked eye on the edge of the glass. This color becomes more pronounced as the glass sheet becomes bigger.
0003It is known that reducing the iron oxide content of soda-lime glass yields glass sheets that are highly transparent with a bright, often slightly bluish edge color. In these so-called extra-clear glass substrates the iron content is very low with less than 0.04 percent by weight of iron oxide (expressed as Fe2O3), preferably less than 0.02 percent by weight and a redox ratio, measured as the ratio of iron in the ferrous state (expressed as FeO) to the total amount of iron (expressed as Fe2O3) of more than 0.4.
0004Although esthetically acceptable or even pleasing, these regular clear and also extra-clear soda-lime glass sheets do not present the degree of chemical resistance that is necessary for outdoor applications or applications in environments where humidity is high, especially in conjunction with temperature above normal room temperature and also where frequent cleaning with sometimes aggressive chemicals is necessary. Such very demanding chemical strain conditions can for example be found in swimming pools and bathrooms where glass is used for doors and enclosures, in particular for shower enclosures and shower doors. As a result these glass-sheets are attacked and show so-called glass corrosion or irisation.
0005It is known that diamond-like coatings (DLC) can be used to increase the chemical resistance of soda-lime glass. However, these coatings are light absorbing to such a degree, that both regular clear and extra-clear soda-lime glass sheets covered by these coatings present less suitable optical properties concerning the color of transmitted light and also present an unpleasant yellow or brown edge color.
0006Magnetron sputtered aluminum doped silica coatings have also been used to improve the chemical resistance of soda-lime glass. When they are deposited at near room temperature, the resulting glass sheets show a yellow edge color. A pleasant bright, slightly bluish edge color can be obtained but it requires subsequent heat treatment of the coated glass sheets and they can therefore not be used without heat treatment. Furthermore, in order to reach the required resistance, coating thicknesses of about 100 nm at least are necessary. In magnetron sputtering deposition, silica is known to have low deposition rates. Therefore these coatings are expensive to produce.
0007Coating deposition by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is known to be cost-efficient in particular when used directly on a float line on a large scale. Silica (SiO2) based coatings can be deposited by CVD with very high yields starting from silane-based precursors. The reactivity of these precursors however is so high that they often react largely before reaching the surface to be coated. This then leads to powder formation in the gas phase which causes clogging of the coating apparatus as well as defects in the substrate's coating. This is especially prone to happen when SiO<sub>2</sub> based coatings are deposited using a mixture of monosilane SiH<sub>4</sub> and a strong oxidizer such as oxygen.
0008In view of the above, it can be seen that there exists a need in the art to provide coatings for glass sheets that increase the chemical resistance of soda-lime glass to weathering and chemical strain, while preferably maintaining suitably neutral optical properties concerning the color of transmitted light and even more preferably also avoiding yellow coloring of the glass edges of the resulting coated glass sheet.
Summary of the invention
0009In the present invention, the following conventions are used: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="dash"><li>The luminous transmission (LT) is the percentage of incident luminous flux, of Illuminant D65/2°, transmitted by the glazing.</li><li>The luminous reflection (LR) is the percentage of incident luminous flux, of Illuminant D65/2°, reflected by the glazing. It can be measured on coating side (LRc) or substrate side (LRg).</li><li>CIELAB 1976 values (L*a*b*) are used to define colors for transmission, reflectance on coating side and reflectance on substrate side. They are measured with Illuminant D65/10°.</li><li>colors in transmittance are the more neutral the closer a* and b* are to 0. They are considered to be suitably neutral when -2 ≤ a* ≤ 0 and 0 ≤ b* ≤ 2</li><li>When values are said to be "comprised between a and b", they may also be equal to a or b.</li></ul>
0010In an embodiment of this invention, a coating for glass substrates is provided that increases the chemical resistance of the glass to weathering and chemical strain, while at the same time maintaining suitably neutral optical properties concerning the color of transmitted light.
0011In another embodiment of the invention, a coating is provided for glass substrates that increases the chemical resistance of the glass while at the same time maintaining suitably neutral optical properties concerning the color of transmitted light and avoiding an unpleasant high level of yellow edge color.
0012In another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a coated glass substrate that has higher chemical resistance than uncoated glass on its coated side and maintaining suitably neutral optical properties concerning the color of transmitted light and that does not have an unpleasant high level of yellow edge color.
0013In another embodiment the invention, there is provided a method for chemically protecting a glass substrate that can maintain neutral optical properties concerning the color of transmitted light and that also can avoid the appearance of an unpleasant high level of yellow edge color.
Detailed description of the invention
0014The present invention concerns a glass substrate comprising a SiOxCy coating according to claim 1. The silicon oxy-carbide SiOx Cy coating thickness is comprised preferably between 10 nm and 50 nm, more preferably between 10 nm and 30 nm.
0015Hereinafter In(x) denotes the natural logarithm of the value x.
0016Regarding stoichiometry, the SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> coatings of the present invention cannot be regarded as mere mixtures of SiO<sub>2</sub> and SiC. In the SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> coatings according to the present invention it was found that the average C/Si atomic ratio was comprised between 0.1 and 0.8, preferably between, 0.1 and 0.5, preferably between 0.1 and 0.3. In these coatings the C/Si atomic ratio was found to be higher close to the substrate and decreasing the further one moves away from the substrate surface.
0017According to the invention, the glass substrate may be any glass substrate that may be subjected to weathering and/or chemical strain. Preferably the glass substrates are, normal clear or extra-clear soda lime glass substrates having a thickness comprised between 2 mm and 25 mm. Uncoated soda lime glass is known to be sensitive to weathering and chemical strain and the resulting degradation becomes visible with the appearance of haze.
0018In certain example embodiments of the invention, the glass substrates are normal clear or extra-clear soda-lime glass sheets having a thickness comprised between 2 mm and 12 mm. Normal clear and extra-clear glass substrates have been found to be particularly prone to show unpleasant high levels of yellow edge colors when coated with certain coatings. Normal clear glass is glass having an content of iron, expressed as Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, comprised between 0.04 % and 0.4 % by weight. In extra-clear glass the iron content, expressed as Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, is less than 0.04 % by weight, preferably less than 0.02 % by weight and the redox ratio, measured as the ratio of iron in the ferrous state (expressed as FeO) to the total amount of iron (expressed as Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is more than 0.4. Extra-clear glass is particularly advantageous as it has low visible light absorption, which leads to particularly bright edges.
0019In certain embodiments of the invention, the coated glass substrates are heat treated, for example annealed or tempered and/or bended. In an embodiment of the present invention the coated glass sheets present a pleasant edge color both before and after heat treatment. Typically this involves heating the coated sheet in a furnace to a temperature of at least 580 °C, more preferably of at least about 600 °C and still more preferably of at least 620 °C before rapidly cooling down the glass substrate. An example heat treating furnace temperature is from 600 to 700 °C. This tempering and/or bending can take place for a period of at least 4 minutes, at least 5 minutes, or more in different situations.
0020The SiOx Cy coated glass substrate of the present invention is present on at least one of the substrate's two sides.
0021The SiOx Cy coating is the uppermost coating on the glass substrate.
0022According to the invention, the SiOx Cy coating is deposited directly on the glass substrate's surface, no additional essentially inorganic coating is deposited on the SiOx Cy coating, the SiOx Cy coating is the only coating deposited on the SiOx Cy coated side of the glass substrate, with no additional coating deposited on the SiOx Cy coating.
0023In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> is a coating deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with a gaseous mixture comprising a carrier gas, a silicon precursor, an oxygen source and a hydro-carbon based radical scavenger. In a preferred embodiment the SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> coating is deposited with a gaseous mixture comprising monosilane SiH<sub>4</sub> as silicon precursor, carbon dioxide CO<sub>2</sub> as oxygen source and ethylene C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> as radical scavenger. The carrier gas may be nitrogen and/or helium. Preferably the carrier gas is essentially comprised of nitrogen.
0024The invention also concerns a process for obtaining a glass substrate with increased chemical resistance with neutral colors in transmittance and reflectance comprising providing a glass substrate, coating the glass substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with a gaseous mixture comprising a carrier gas, a silicon precursor, an oxygen source and a hydro-carbon based radical scavenger.
0025According to the invention, there is provided a process for obtaining a glass substrate with increased chemical resistance with neutral colors in transmittance and reflectance and with low levels of yellow edge color, comprising providing a glass substrate, coating the glass substrate by chemical vapor deposition with a gaseous mixture comprising a carrier gas, a silicon precursor, an oxygen source and a hydro-carbon based radical scavenger.
0026According to the present invention, monosilane SiH4 is used as silicon precursor, carbon dioxide CO2 as oxygen source and ethylene C2 H4 as radical scavenger. The carrier gas is nitrogen.
0027The deposition is performed at a glass temperature comprised between 650°C and 720°C.
0028In an embodiment of the invention, the glass substrate is the glass ribbon of a glass production float line. The deposition may be performed after the glass has passed the tin bath enclosure, but is preferably performed within the tin bath enclosure in order to benefit from the higher glass temperatures as well as the higher cleanliness of the glass surface. Most preferably the deposition is performed in the tin bath enclosure using a coating beam as described in <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="EP305102A"><text>EP305102</text></patcit>. However the deposition may also be performed on a glass coating line separate from the glass production line without departing from the present invention.
0029More preferably the total flow rate of the gases is comprised between 41 and 70 standard liters per minute per meter of coating beam length. The monosilane molar concentration in the total gas flow is comprised between 2 and 6 mol%, the ethylene to monosilane molar ratio is comprised between 7 and 10 and the carbon dioxide to monosilane molar ratio is comprised between 9 and 24. The remainder of the total gas flow is made up of the carrier gas nitrogen.
0030The deposition is preferably performed at atmospheric pressure, to keep production costs low. However it may also be performed at pressures lower than atmospheric pressure.
Examples
0031The glass substrates for all examples were regular clear or extra-clear soda-lime glass substrates of 4 mm or 8 mm thickness. The deposition was performed on the moving glass ribbons during their production on a float glass production line, within the tin bath enclosure at a glass temperature comprised between 700°C and 730°C. The properties of the four different glass substrates used for the examples below are shown in table 1. <tables id="tabl0001" num="0001"><table frame="all"><title>Table 1: Properties of glass substrates</title><tgroup cols="12"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="10mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="19mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="14mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="11mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="7" colname="col7" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="8" colname="col8" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="9" colname="col9" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="10" colname="col10" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="11" colname="col11" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colnum="12" colname="col12" colwidth="17mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry namest="col1" nameend="col3" align="left">substrate</entry><entry namest="col4" nameend="col12" align="left">Optical properties</entry></row><row><entry>ref</entry><entry>thickness</entry><entry>type</entry><entry>LT</entry><entry>LRc</entry><entry>LRg</entry><entry namest="col7" nameend="col8" align="left">Colors transmission</entry><entry namest="col9" nameend="col10" align="left">Colors reflectance coated side</entry><entry namest="col11" nameend="col12" align="left">Colors reflectance substrate side</entry></row><row><entry /><entry>[mm]</entry><entry /><entry>%</entry><entry>%</entry><entry>%</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry></row></thead><tbody><row><entry>A</entry><entry>4</entry><entry>clear</entry><entry>89.6</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>-0.58</entry><entry>0.62</entry><entry>-0.24</entry><entry>-0.80</entry><entry>-0.21</entry><entry>-0.69</entry></row><row><entry>B</entry><entry>4</entry><entry>clear</entry><entry>89.8</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>-0.96</entry><entry>0.27</entry><entry>-0.45</entry><entry>-0.52</entry><entry>-0.45</entry><entry>-0.52</entry></row><row><entry>C</entry><entry>4</entry><entry>extra-clear</entry><entry>91.2</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>-0.21</entry><entry>0.22</entry><entry>-0.14</entry><entry>-0.54</entry><entry>-0.14</entry><entry>-0.54</entry></row><row><entry>D</entry><entry>8</entry><entry>clear</entry><entry>88.0</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>-1.48</entry><entry>0.48</entry><entry>-0.65</entry><entry>-0.43</entry><entry>-0.65</entry><entry>-0.43</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
0032SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> coatings were obtained using a gaseous mixture comprising monosilane SiH<sub>4</sub> as silicon precursor, carbon dioxide CO<sub>2</sub> as oxygen source, ethylene C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> as radical scavenger, and nitrogen as carrier gas. The gas mixtures for all the examples are shown in table 2.
0033Examples 8 and 11 to 14 are examples according to the present invention. Example 1 to 7, 9 to 10 and 15 to 16 are counterexamples. Table 2 shows the deposition conditions for the SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> coatings according to the present invention as well as for the counterexamples. <tables id="tabl0002" num="0002"><table frame="all"><title>Table 2</title><tgroup cols="7"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="18mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="19mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="21mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="23mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="20mm" /><colspec colnum="7" colname="col7" colwidth="20mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry>example</entry><entry>substrate</entry><entry>glass speed</entry><entry>total gas flow</entry><entry>SiH<sub>4</sub> %</entry><entry>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>/ SiH<sub>4</sub></entry><entry>CO<sub>2</sub>/ SiH<sub>4</sub></entry></row><row><entry /><entry /><entry>m/min</entry><entry>slm/m</entry><entry>mol%</entry><entry>mol/mol</entry><entry>mol/mol</entry></row></thead><tbody valign="middle"><row><entry>1</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>46.5</entry><entry>9%</entry><entry>4.0</entry><entry>4.8</entry></row><row><entry>2</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>46.5</entry><entry>9%</entry><entry>4.0</entry><entry>4.8</entry></row><row><entry>3</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>47.6</entry><entry>9%</entry><entry>4.0</entry><entry>4.8</entry></row><row><entry>4</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>45.5</entry><entry>9%</entry><entry>4.0</entry><entry>4.8</entry></row><row><entry>5</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>53.9</entry><entry>8%</entry><entry>4.9</entry><entry>5.7</entry></row><row><entry>6</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>47.4</entry><entry>11%</entry><entry>3.4</entry><entry>4.0</entry></row><row><entry>7</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>45.7</entry><entry>7%</entry><entry>5.1</entry><entry>5.9</entry></row><row><entry>8</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>63.8</entry><entry>5%</entry><entry>8.7</entry><entry>10.2</entry></row><row><entry>9</entry><entry>B</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>47.4</entry><entry>11%</entry><entry>3.4</entry><entry>4.0</entry></row><row><entry>10</entry><entry>B</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>46.5</entry><entry>9%</entry><entry>4.0</entry><entry>4.8</entry></row><row><entry>11</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>11</entry><entry>42.0</entry><entry>5%</entry><entry>8.7</entry><entry>10.2</entry></row><row><entry>12</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>11</entry><entry>59.4</entry><entry>3%</entry><entry>7.1</entry><entry>22.5</entry></row><row><entry>13</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>11</entry><entry>59.4</entry><entry>3%</entry><entry>7.1</entry><entry>22.5</entry></row><row><entry>14</entry><entry>D</entry><entry>7.25</entry><entry>57.3</entry><entry>2.4%</entry><entry>9.5</entry><entry>16.7</entry></row><row><entry>15</entry><entry>A</entry><entry>15</entry><entry>39.1</entry><entry>11%</entry><entry>3.2</entry><entry>3.8</entry></row><row><entry>16</entry><entry>C</entry><entry>11</entry><entry>29.6</entry><entry>10%</entry><entry>4.0</entry><entry>4.8</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
0034The composition of the SiO<sub>x</sub>C<sub>y</sub> coatings of the present examples and in particular the atomic ratios were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For the thickness measurement, the erosion crater depth of the XPS measurement was determined with a step profiler. Constant erosion speed was assumed throughout the eroded depth. The haze level of all examples are below 0.5%. All samples were not hydrophilic and show water contact angles similar to uncoated soda lime glass, between 35° and 45°.
0035Two different chemical tests and one combined mechanical and chemical test were used for evaluating the samples. After exposure to each type of test, the samples were evaluated by measuring the haze level, as described in standard ASTM D 1003-61. This standard defines the haze as the percentage of transmitted light, which, while passing through the sample, deviates from the incident beam by an angle of more than 2.5°.
0036In test 1, a chemical resistance test, the glass substrates are submitted to a Humid chamber test according to the procedure for exposing test specimens in condensation-water test atmospheres with constant humidity of standard ISO6270-2:2005. The test conditions of this standard have been slightly modified insofar as the duration of the test was 40 days and the temperature in the humid chamber was kept at 60°C. The uncoated side is covered with a protective film to avoid deterioration during this test.
0037In test 2, a chemical resistance test, samples were first immersed in an aqueous solution of NaOH of 0.1 M concentration for 24 hours at 20°C. Thereafter the samples were thoroughly rinsed with deionized water, dried and then submitted to chemical resistance test 1.
0038In test 3, a combined mechanical and chemical resistance test, samples were first submitted to a scrub resistance test based on standard ASTM D2486:2000 using a nylon bristle brush (total weight with accessories 400g) with a fixed number of 1000 cycles without abrasive scrub medium. Thereafter the samples were thoroughly rinsed with deionized water, dried and then submitted to chemical resistance test 1.
0039A glass substrate is considered chemically resistant or resistant to weathering and chemical strain if its haze level after all three tests is not higher than 0.5%. <tables id="tabl0003" num="0003"><table frame="all"><title>Table 3</title><tgroup cols="6"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="18mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="26mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="27mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="15mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry>example</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col3" align="left">Coating properties</entry><entry>test 1</entry><entry>test 2</entry><entry>Test 3</entry></row><row><entry /><entry>thickness [nm]</entry><entry align="center">O/Si atomic ratio</entry><entry align="center">Haze</entry><entry align="center">Haze</entry><entry align="center">Haze</entry></row></thead><tbody valign="middle"><row><entry>1</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry></row><row><entry>2</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry></row><row><entry>3</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>4</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>5</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.4</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>6</entry><entry>75</entry><entry>1.2</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>7</entry><entry>60</entry><entry>1.4</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>8</entry><entry>30</entry><entry>1.9</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry></row><row><entry>9</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>10</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>11</entry><entry>35</entry><entry>1.9</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry></row><row><entry>12</entry><entry>25</entry><entry>1.97</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry></row><row><entry>13</entry><entry>20</entry><entry>1.97</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry></row><row><entry>14</entry><entry>23</entry><entry>1.94</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>15</entry><entry>65</entry><entry>1.1</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>16</entry><entry>70</entry><entry>1.3</entry><entry>≤ 0.5 %</entry><entry /><entry /></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
0040The coating resistance was additionally tested according to standard EN1096-2 test method for durability of class A coatings and the test results fulfill all requirements of this standard. <tables id="tabl0004" num="0004"><table frame="all"><tgroup cols="2"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="45mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="15mm" align="center" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry><b>Standard EN1096-2:2012</b></entry><entry><b>Result</b></entry></row></thead><tbody valign="middle"><row><entry>Condensation resistance</entry><entry>OK</entry></row><row><entry>Acid resistance</entry><entry>OK</entry></row><row><entry>Neutral salt spray resistance</entry><entry>OK</entry></row><row><entry>Abrasion resistance</entry><entry>OK</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
0041Uncoated glass substrates A, B, C, and D have haze values between 2% and 40% after tests 1, 2, and 3. As can be seen in table 3, all coated glass samples have haze values below 0.5% after all three tests. The coated glass samples according to the present invention therefore show a much higher weathering and chemical resistance than uncoated glass substrates. <tables id="tabl0005" num="0005"><table frame="all"><title>Table 4</title><tgroup cols="11"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="18mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="7" colname="col7" colwidth="14mm" /><colspec colnum="8" colname="col8" colwidth="14mm" /><colspec colnum="9" colname="col9" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colnum="10" colname="col10" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colnum="11" colname="col11" colwidth="27mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry>example</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col11" align="left">Optical properties without heat treatment tempering</entry></row><row><entry /><entry>LT</entry><entry>LRc</entry><entry>LRg</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col6" align="left">Colors transmission</entry><entry namest="col7" nameend="col8" align="left">Colors reflectance coated side</entry><entry namest="col9" nameend="col10" align="left">Colors reflectance substrate side</entry><entry>Level of yellow edge color</entry></row><row><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry /></row></thead><tbody><row><entry>1</entry><entry>86.6</entry><entry>10.8</entry><entry>10.9</entry><entry>-0.47</entry><entry>1.36</entry><entry>-0.86</entry><entry>-2.45</entry><entry>-0.81</entry><entry>-2.26</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>2</entry><entry>87.2</entry><entry>10.4</entry><entry>10.3</entry><entry>-0.5</entry><entry>1.21</entry><entry>-0.74</entry><entry>-2.02</entry><entry>-0.76</entry><entry>-2.19</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>3</entry><entry>87.0</entry><entry>10.6</entry><entry>10.5</entry><entry>-0.5</entry><entry>1.42</entry><entry>-0.68</entry><entry>-2.74</entry><entry>-0.76</entry><entry>-2.76</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>4</entry><entry>86.9</entry><entry>10.7</entry><entry>10.6</entry><entry>-0.5</entry><entry>1.48</entry><entry>-0.71</entry><entry>-2.84</entry><entry>-0.77</entry><entry>-2.87</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>5</entry><entry>87.7</entry><entry>10.0</entry><entry>9.9</entry><entry>-0.51</entry><entry>1.22</entry><entry>-0.6</entry><entry>-2.32</entry><entry>-0.63</entry><entry>-2.33</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>6</entry><entry>84.1</entry><entry>13.2</entry><entry>13.1</entry><entry>-0.37</entry><entry>1.96</entry><entry>-1.23</entry><entry>-2.5</entry><entry>-1.26</entry><entry>-3.02</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>7</entry><entry>88.7</entry><entry>9.0</entry><entry>9.0</entry><entry>-0.56</entry><entry>0.96</entry><entry>-0.41</entry><entry>-1.76</entry><entry>-0.43</entry><entry>-1.75</entry><entry>Barely perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>8</entry><entry>89.8</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>-0.59</entry><entry>0.55</entry><entry>-0.24</entry><entry>-0.56</entry><entry>-0.21</entry><entry>-0.58</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>9</entry><entry>83.3</entry><entry>13.6</entry><entry>13.3</entry><entry>-0.6</entry><entry>2.46</entry><entry>-1.51</entry><entry>-1.73</entry><entry>-1.54</entry><entry>-2.67</entry><entry>High</entry></row><row><entry>10</entry><entry>84.5</entry><entry>13.0</entry><entry>12.8</entry><entry>-0.61</entry><entry>1.84</entry><entry>-1.24</entry><entry>-2.78</entry><entry>-1.38</entry><entry>-3.23</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>11</entry><entry>90.4</entry><entry>8.7</entry><entry>8.7</entry><entry>-0.19</entry><entry>0.48</entry><entry>-0.2</entry><entry>-0.83</entry><entry>-0.17</entry><entry>-0.96</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>12</entry><entry>90.8</entry><entry>8.4</entry><entry>8.4</entry><entry>-0.2</entry><entry>0.4</entry><entry>-0.14</entry><entry>-0.73</entry><entry>-0.09</entry><entry>-0.79</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>13</entry><entry>90.9</entry><entry>8.3</entry><entry>8.3</entry><entry>-0.2</entry><entry>0.36</entry><entry>-0.1</entry><entry>-0.6</entry><entry>-0.08</entry><entry>-0.64</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>14</entry><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /><entry /></row><row><entry>15</entry><entry>84.8</entry><entry>12.6</entry><entry>12.4</entry><entry>-0.42</entry><entry>2.14</entry><entry>-1.06</entry><entry>-3.39</entry><entry>-1.11</entry><entry>-3.66</entry><entry>High</entry></row><row><entry>16</entry><entry>86.2</entry><entry>12.7</entry><entry>12.8</entry><entry>-0.01</entry><entry>0.85</entry><entry>-1.05</entry><entry>-0.46</entry><entry>-0.97</entry><entry>-1.27</entry><entry>High</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
0042Table 4 shows that samples according to the present invention show neutral colors in transmission and in reflectance and acceptable levels of yellow edge color. Counterexamples 9, 15 and 16, which have transmission colors where b* > [2.54 + 0.56 x ln(0.02-a*)], show non-neutral colors in transmission and an unacceptably high level of yellow edge color as well as .
0043Samples 1 to 6, and 10 having colors in transmittance where a* < 0 and b* ≤ [2.54 + 0.56 x ln(0.02-a*)] show a low level of yellow edge color. The refractive index of these coatings is comprised between 1.65 and 1.75.
0044Sample 7 having colors in transmittance where a* < 0 and b* ≤ [1.40 + 0.30 x ln(0.02-a*)] shows a barely perceptible level of yellow edge color. The refractive index of these coatings is comprised between 1.55 and 1.65.
0045Samples 8, 11, 12, and 13 having colors in transmittance where a* < 0 and b* ≤ [0.90 + 0.20 x ln(0.02-a*)] show no perceptible yellow edge color. The refractive index of these coatings is comprised between 1.45 and 1.55.
0046The samples were also submitted to a heat treatment. Table 5 below shows the resulting optical properties. Heat treatment consisted in heating the glass substrates for a duration of 45 seconds per mm of glass thickness at 675°C. <tables id="tabl0006" num="0006"><table frame="all"><title>Table 5</title><tgroup cols="11"><colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" colwidth="18mm" /><colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="6" colname="col6" colwidth="15mm" /><colspec colnum="7" colname="col7" colwidth="14mm" /><colspec colnum="8" colname="col8" colwidth="14mm" /><colspec colnum="9" colname="col9" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colnum="10" colname="col10" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colnum="11" colname="col11" colwidth="27mm" /><thead valign="top"><row><entry>example</entry><entry namest="col2" nameend="col11" align="left">Optical properties after heat treatment</entry></row><row><entry /><entry>LT</entry><entry>LRc</entry><entry>LRg</entry><entry namest="col5" nameend="col6" align="left">Colors transmission</entry><entry namest="col7" nameend="col8" align="left">Colors reflectance coated side</entry><entry namest="col9" nameend="col10" align="left">Colors reflectance substrate side</entry><entry>Level of yellow edge color</entry></row><row><entry /><entry>%</entry><entry>%</entry><entry>%</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry>a*</entry><entry>b*</entry><entry /></row></thead><tbody><row><entry>1</entry><entry>85.9</entry><entry>11.8</entry><entry>11.7</entry><entry>-0.45</entry><entry>1.34</entry><entry>-0.93</entry><entry>-2.34</entry><entry>-1.00</entry><entry>-2.56</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>2</entry><entry>86.2</entry><entry>11.6</entry><entry>11.5</entry><entry>-0.47</entry><entry>1.31</entry><entry>-0.90</entry><entry>-2.39</entry><entry>-0.97</entry><entry>-2.56</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>3</entry><entry>85.8</entry><entry>11.8</entry><entry>11.7</entry><entry>-0.46</entry><entry>1.59</entry><entry>-0.88</entry><entry>-3.14</entry><entry>-0.97</entry><entry>-3.20</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>4</entry><entry>85.7</entry><entry>11.9</entry><entry>11.8</entry><entry>-0.45</entry><entry>1.66</entry><entry>-0.88</entry><entry>-3.35</entry><entry>-0.97</entry><entry>-3.38</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>5</entry><entry>87.0</entry><entry>10.8</entry><entry>10.7</entry><entry>-0.50</entry><entry>1.27</entry><entry>-0.70</entry><entry>-2.73</entry><entry>-0.79</entry><entry>-2.70</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>6</entry><entry>83.6</entry><entry>13.9</entry><entry>13.8</entry><entry>-0.34</entry><entry>1.73</entry><entry>-1.30</entry><entry>-2.19</entry><entry>-1.36</entry><entry>-2.71</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>7</entry><entry>87.5</entry><entry>10.2</entry><entry>10.1</entry><entry>-0.52</entry><entry>1.18</entry><entry>-0.61</entry><entry>-2.47</entry><entry>-0.67</entry><entry>-2.46</entry><entry>Barely perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>8</entry><entry>89.4</entry><entry>8.5</entry><entry>8.5</entry><entry>-0.60</entry><entry>0.66</entry><entry>-0.32</entry><entry>-1.01</entry><entry>-0.30</entry><entry>-1.00</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>9</entry><entry>83.9</entry><entry>13.1</entry><entry>13.0</entry><entry>-0.59</entry><entry>2.42</entry><entry>-1.46</entry><entry>-1.92</entry><entry>-1.49</entry><entry>-2.72</entry><entry>High</entry></row><row><entry>10</entry><entry>85.5</entry><entry>12.1</entry><entry>12.0</entry><entry>-0.63</entry><entry>1.62</entry><entry>-1.14</entry><entry>-2.54</entry><entry>-1.26</entry><entry>-2.98</entry><entry>Low</entry></row><row><entry>11</entry><entry>90.9</entry><entry>8.2</entry><entry>8.2</entry><entry>-0.18</entry><entry>0.32</entry><entry>-0.06</entry><entry>-0.67</entry><entry>-0.12</entry><entry>-0.52</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>12</entry><entry>91.3</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>-0.18</entry><entry>0.24</entry><entry>-0.06</entry><entry>-0.52</entry><entry>-0.02</entry><entry>-0.59</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>13</entry><entry>91.2</entry><entry>8.0</entry><entry>8.1</entry><entry>-0.17</entry><entry>0.21</entry><entry>-0.03</entry><entry>-0.52</entry><entry>-0.01</entry><entry>-0.57</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>14</entry><entry>87.9</entry><entry>7.9</entry><entry>7.9</entry><entry>-1.47</entry><entry>0.58</entry><entry>-0.66</entry><entry>-0.67</entry><entry>-0.58</entry><entry>-0.68</entry><entry>Not perceptible</entry></row><row><entry>15</entry><entry>84.1</entry><entry>13.4</entry><entry>13.3</entry><entry>-0.39</entry><entry>2.08</entry><entry>-1.13</entry><entry>-3.53</entry><entry>-1.22</entry><entry>-3.76</entry><entry>High</entry></row><row><entry>16</entry><entry>86.9</entry><entry>12.0</entry><entry>12.1</entry><entry>-0.02</entry><entry>0.78</entry><entry>-0.97</entry><entry>-0.46</entry><entry>-0.85</entry><entry>-1.24</entry><entry>High</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>
0047Table 5 shows that, after heat treatment, the samples according to the present invention still show neutral colors in transmission and acceptable levels of yellow edge color.
0048Counterexamples 9, 15 and 16, which have transmission colors where b* > [2.54 + 0.56 x ln(0.02-a*)], show non-neutral colors in transmission and/or an unacceptably high level of yellow edge color also after heat treatment.
0049After heat treatment, samples 1 to 6, and 10 having colors in transmittance where a* < 0 and b* ≤ [2.54 + 0.56 x ln(0.02-a*)] show a low level of yellow edge color.
0050After heat treatment, sample 7 having colors in transmittance where a* < 0 and b* ≤ [1.40 + 0.30 x ln(0.02-a*)] still shows a barely perceptible level of yellow edge color.
0051After heat treatment, samples 8, 11, 12, 13, and 14 having colors in transmittance where a* < 0 and b* ≤ [0.90 + 0.20 x ln(0.02-a*)] still show no perceptible yellow edge color.
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| EP0441705A1 | Cites | European Patent Office (EPO) |
| EP1911794A1 | Cites | European Patent Office (EPO) |
| EP0879802A2 | Cites | European Patent Office (EPO) |
| WO2010079299A1 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |
| WO2010107998A1 | Cites | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |
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| US2006014027A1 | Cites | United States of America |
| US2013112264A1 | Cites | United States of America |
| M.N. SAARNIHEIMO ET AL: "Undercoat process for fluorine-doped tin oxide type transparent conductive oxide coating", THIN SOLID FILMS, vol. 532, 1 April 2013 (2013-04-01), pages 31-35, XP055247345, CH ISSN: 0040-6090, DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.11.144 | Non-patent | – |
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| 15175711 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A | |
| 2016065469 | European Patent Office (EPO) | W |
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Numbers
- Publication
- 3319915
- Application
- 167330992
Titles3
- German
- GLASSUBSTRAT MIT ERHÖHTER WITTERUNGS- UND CHEMIKALIENBESTÄNDIGKEIT
- English
- GLASS SUBSTRATE WITH INCREASED WEATHERING AND CHEMCIAL RESISTANCE
- French
- SUBSTRAT DE VERRE PRÉSENTANT UNE MEILLEURE RÉSISTANCE AUX PRODUITS CHIMIQUES ET AUX INTEMPÉRIES
Classification
- CPC, 14
- C03C17/245
- C03C17/22
- C03C2217/213
- C03C2217/24
- C03C2217/282
- C03C2217/29
- C03C2217/76
- C03C2218/152
- C03C2218/1525
- C03C2218/153
- C03C17/3441
- C03C17/34
- C03C2217/78
- C03C2218/32
- IPC, 1
- C03C17 245
Designated states1
- Contracting states, 1
- Türkiye
