Compensation for a signal damping while transmitting transmission signals of a wireless mobile device

0001The invention relates to a circuit arrangement and a method for compensating a signal attenuation in the transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device. Optionally, the invention also relates to the compensation of a signal attenuation in the transmission of received signals of the mobile device.

0002For example <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="WO2007118694A1"><text>WO 2007/118694 A1</text></patcit> It is known to couple a mobile phone wirelessly via an antenna structure to devices of a motor vehicle, in particular to an external antenna of the motor vehicle. The transmission and reception signals of the mobile device are transmitted or received via the outside antenna. This can significantly increase the quality of the radio connection.

0003In particular, the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for transmitting transmission and reception signals of a mobile radio device (eg a mobile telephone, a smart phone or an emergency transmitter), which is used in motor vehicles. A circuit arrangement, in particular a wireless signal coupling device as in<patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="WO2007118694A1"><text>WO 2007/118694 A1</text></patcit> However, it can also be used in a stationary manner, eg in buildings, in order, for example, to transmit signals via an external antenna to the building in a mobile radio network or via a mobile radio link and thus improve the transmission quality compared with the exclusive use of the antenna of the mobile radio device.

0004A circuit arrangement with the already mentioned wireless signal coupling device is the main application of the invention. Such a coupling device facilitates the handling of mobile devices, since no line connection (ie in particular a cable connection) must be made to the mobile device to operate in combination with the circuitry can. However, in other circuit arrangements for transmitting transmission signals from mobile devices, which are used in addition to the mobile device, it may come through the circuitry or optionally associated additional components to an additional signal attenuation caused by the circuitry and optionally by the additional components becomes.

0005As long as the additional signal attenuation is constant in time, it can be compensated in a simple way by a signal amplifier with a corresponding, constant amplification factor amplifying the signals again and thus compensating for the attenuation. In contrast to so-called repeaters, also called converter, it is not desirable to raise the signal level above the level that the signal level directly at the transmitting antenna of the mobile device (with respect to the transmission signals of the device) or directly to the external antenna (with respect to the mobile network received signals) has. This would be detrimental, as would intervene in the tuning of the transmit and receive power that takes place between the mobile device and a mobile station of the mobile network or the mobile network. Either the vote would be difficult or impaired or it would have to be performed by the circuit itself tuning of these services or signal levels by communication with the mobile device and the mobile station. This would be associated with high circuit complexity.

0006In the above-mentioned type of circuit arrangements which, in combination with the respective mobile radio device, cause a different additional signal attenuation depending on the state of the combination, the goal of the most exact possible compensation of the additional signal attenuation is not constant with one for each possible state Signal amplification achievable. It is conceivable to determine the additional signal attenuation in each of the possible states of the combination and to adjust the signal amplification accordingly. However, since mobile devices as mentioned send their transmission signals at variable transmission power, depending on the result of the vote with the mobile station, the determination of the additional signal attenuation is not possible or in turn requires a vote with the mobile device. For example, would have the mobile device in a period of time, the circuit arrangement is known to send a transmission signal with predetermined or known transmission power. Another problem is that the state of the coupling between the mobile device and the circuit arrangement can change unexpectedly and in an unknown manner, which leads to a change in the additional signal attenuation.

0007For example, the mobile device as in <patcit id="pcit0003" dnum="WO2007118694A1"><text>WO 2007/118694 A1</text></patcit> or in <patcit id="pcit0004" dnum="WO2012010560A1"><text>WO 2012/010560 A1</text></patcit> described, are placed in different positions and orientations on a support surface to bring the transmitting and receiving antenna of the mobile device in the vicinity of an antenna structure of the circuit arrangement, wherein the antenna structure forms at least part of a wireless signal coupling device. During operation of the mobile device, the transmission and reception signals (high-frequency signals for operation in the mobile network) are transmitted wirelessly between the transmitting and receiving antenna of the mobile device and the antenna structure. Because of the different positions and orientations, the signal attenuation caused by the wireless coupling is different, so that the additional signal attenuation also varies as a whole.

0008The <patcit id="pcit0005" dnum="US5196808A"><text>US 5,196,808</text></patcit> discloses a high frequency circuit for detecting circuit faults and protecting a high frequency amplifier. An amplifier protection arrangement for coupling modulated signals to an antenna to transmit these signals includes an amplifier for receiving the modulated signals and generating amplified signals. A power sensor determines the power of the amplified signals and provides first and second voltage indicators that are proportional to the power of the amplified signals. The power sensor is coupled to the amplifier and the antenna. A controller adjusts the power of the amplified signals. The controller is coupled to the amplifier and the power sensor. An amplifier protection device shuts down the amplifier via the controller when the first and second voltage indicators show

0009The document <patcit id="pcit0006" dnum="US7221967B2"><text>US Pat. No. 7,221,967 B2</text></patcit> discloses a booster system for mobile phones. The document assumes that existing booster systems often work with excessive amplification when the cell phone is close to the base station. Accordingly, it is the object of the document to provide an amplifier system which, even in the case where the mobile telephone is close to the base station, complies with the low maximum power level specified by the base station. The solution disclosed in the document is to switch the booster system with a constant gain signal amplifier and attenuator set up between o dB and 4dB attenuation, operating with o dB attenuation when the mobile is far from the base station, and with 4dB attenuation,

0010The document <patcit id="pcit0007" dnum="WO2013028913A1"><text>WO 2013/028913 A1</text></patcit> discloses a noise reduction system for a high frequency amplifier. The disclosed system is based on the object of preventing thermal noise from being amplified by an amplifier in such a way that the communication of the base station is impaired. To solve this problem, the document proposes a system that detects, for example by means of a threshold comparison, whether there are useful signals to an amplifier, or whether this is not the case. If no desired signal is present, the amplifier is switched off or at least the gain is substantially reduced so that the amplifier does not affect the mobile radio network.

0011The document <patcit id="pcit0008" dnum="US7783318B2"><text>US 7,783,318 B2</text></patcit> discloses a mobile radio network amplifier with automated output power control. The cellular network repeater may include a variable gain module having an input to receive an uplink signal from a mobile station and configured to apply a gain factor to result in an adjusted uplink signal.

0012The document <patcit id="pcit0009" dnum="US20110217943A1"><text>US 2011/0217943 A1</text></patcit> discloses an amplifier circuit to be operated with optimized gain. The optimized gain is to be set by processing the uplink power and the downlink power of the mobile phone, and when setting at least industry standards, amplifier oscillation problems, as well as a protection of the base station against overload and noise floor are considered.

0013The document <patcit id="pcit0010" dnum="US20120225631A1"><text>US 2012/0225631 A1</text></patcit> discloses a damping circuit and corresponding damping methods.

0014The document <patcit id="pcit0011" dnum="US5977831A"><text>US 5,977,831</text></patcit> discloses a system for controlling and monitoring an amplifier.

0015The object of the invention is defined in the claims. It is an object of the present invention to provide a circuit arrangement and a method for compensating a signal attenuation in the transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device, which with variable signal attenuation, which is caused by the combination of the mobile device with the circuit arrangement, a compensation of to cause additional signal attenuation, so that during operation of the mobile device negotiated between the mobile device and a remote mobile station setting the signal level is not affected.

0016It is a realization of the present invention that the circuitry behaves in combination with the mobile device as well as other factors influencing the transmission of radio signals in mobile radio systems. On the other hand, however, the influence of the circuit arrangement should not, as with many other influencing factors (eg obstacles to the propagation of radio waves) lead to a disruption of the signal transmission up to a termination of the radio connection.

0017Therefore, a signal amplification should take place as at least partial compensation of the additional signal attenuation, which however generally does not compensate the additional signal attenuation to zero, even if this case can occur.

0018An essential basic idea of ​​the invention is to leave the resulting signal amplification of the transmission signals unchanged in a defined, in particular predetermined range of signal levels and to change them only when limit values ​​of the range are reached or exceeded or undershot. On the one hand, this adaptation ensures that the coordination of the signal levels between the mobile radio device and the mobile radio station is not impaired and, on the other hand, that maximum values ​​for permissible signal levels are not or not substantially exceeded (in particular within the permissible tolerances). In addition, it is achieved that a reduction of the transmission power of the mobile device in each case leads to a reduction of the signal level up to the permissible minimum value of the signal level, ie

0019In the following, a concrete embodiment is described, in which the optionally required adaptation of the resulting signal amplification is effected by adjusting the signal attenuation of a damping device. However, the above-mentioned basic principles can also be realized in other ways. In particular, as an alternative or in addition to the setting of the signal attenuation, the signal amplification of at least one signal amplifier can be set directly.

0020When using a damping device, the signal amplification of a signal amplifier of the circuit arrangement can be set to a constant value at least over a predetermined period of operation of the mobile device or during the entire operating period. This has the advantage that the signal amplifier can be manufactured in a simple and cost-effective manner. The resulting signal amplification then results from the constant signal amplification of the signal amplifier minus the signal attenuation of an adjustable damping device. This attenuator may be continuously adjustable within a range of signal attenuation values. However, a damping device with discrete, predetermined damping values, which are adjustable, is preferred. For example, can be added or turned off by the actuation of switches an attenuator. In any case, a damping device with discrete, predetermined attenuation values ​​facilitates a digital control, in particular realized by microcontroller, ie adjustment of the signal attenuation. In principle, however, it is also possible to set both the attenuation of a damping device and the gain of a signal amplifier in order to set the resulting signal amplification.

0021Regardless of the realization of the adjustable resulting amplification, the resultant signal amplification is reduced when an upper limit value for the signal level of the mobile radio signals is reached or exceeded. As a result, a maximum value for the high-frequency signals present at the signal output of the circuit arrangement can be maintained.

0022However, a further essential realization of the invention is based on the fact that the resulting signal amplification is reduced even when reaching or falling below a lower limit of the signal level. The reason for this is that (as mentioned above), in a signal level range that is substantially (except for any hysteresis in the range of the upper and lower limits) between the lower and the upper limit of the signal level, no change in the resulting signal amplification is performed. Therefore, within this range, a mobile operation take place, which has no difference to the operation of the mobile device without the circuit arrangement from the perspective of the mobile device and the mobile station. Since the instantaneous additional signal attenuation is not known, For example, the adjusted resultant signal gain may be too large in the signal level range between the lower limit and the upper limit. If the mobile device attempts to further reduce the signal level in such an operating situation (eg because signals with too high power arrive at the receiver of the mobile radio station), then a minimum value of the mobile radio device or the mobile radio station for the transmission signal level or the transmission power has already been reached. Without the circuitry, this would not be necessary. However, since the resulting signal amplification of the circuit arrangement is too large in the assumed operating state, the mobile station eg requires the mobile device to further reduce the signal level, although this is no longer permissible and possible from the mobile device. Therefore, according to the invention, upon reaching or falling below the lower limit of the signal level, the resulting signal gain is reduced. In the preferred embodiment, this is achieved by setting the signal attenuation of the adjustable attenuator to a greater value than before.

0023In particular, if the upper limit and the lower limit of the signal level have been set accordingly, in all operating situations, the output power of the circuit can be set in the entire range between its maximum value and its minimum value. The required for the operation of the mobile device dynamics is therefore complied with.

0024In particular, the following is proposed: A circuit arrangement for compensating a signal attenuation in the transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device, wherein the circuit arrangement comprises:<ul><li>an adjustable signal level amplifying device having at least one signal amplifier for amplifying the transmission signals with a signal amplification generated by the signal amplifier,</li><li>adjusting means for setting a resultant signal amplification generated by the signal level amplifying means,</li><li>a detector arrangement which is designed to detect whether a signal level of the transmission signals of the mobile radio device reaches or exceeds a predetermined upper limit value and whether the signal level reaches or falls below a predetermined lower limit value,</li></ul>in which<ol id="ol0001" compact="compact"><li>a) the detector arrangement and the setting device are connected to one another,</li><li>b) the detector arrangement is designed, upon reaching or exceeding the upper limit, to cause the setting means to reduce the resulting signal amplification produced by the signal level amplifying means, and</li><li>c) the detector arrangement is designed, upon reaching or falling below the lower limit, to cause the setting means to reduce the resulting signal amplification produced by the signal level amplifying means.</li></ol>

0025It is also proposed: A method for compensating a signal attenuation in the transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device, wherein:<ul><li>the signals are amplified with a signal amplification generated by a signal amplifier,</li><li>the resultant signal amplification produced by an adjustable signal level amplifying device comprising at least the signal amplifier is adjusted in dependence on a signal level of the transmitting signals of the mobile radio device,</li><li>it is detected whether the signal level reaches or exceeds a predetermined upper limit value and whether the signal level reaches or falls below a predetermined lower limit value,</li></ul>in which<ol id="ol0002" compact="compact"><li>a) upon reaching or exceeding the upper limit value, the resulting signal amplification generated by the signal level amplifying means is reduced, and</li><li>b) upon reaching or falling below the lower limit value, the resulting signal amplification generated by the signal level amplifying means is reduced.</li></ol>

0026The signal level amplification device preferably has a damping device. The resulting signal amplification then results from the signal amplification of the signal amplifier minus the attenuation of the damping device. In particular, the resulting signal gain in this case is increased by reducing the signal attenuation produced by the attenuator.

0027Preferably, the circuit arrangement for compensating for signal attenuation in the transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device therefore has:<ul><li>a signal amplifier for amplifying the signals with a signal amplification generated by the signal amplifier,</li><li>an attenuator combined with the signal amplifier such that the signals are amplified in accordance with a resultant gain resulting from the signal amplification of the signal amplifier and signal attenuation produced by the attenuator, the signal generated by the attenuator Damping is adjustable,</li><li>an adjustment device for adjusting the signal attenuation generated by the damping device,</li><li>a detector arrangement which is designed to detect whether a signal level of the transmission signals of the mobile radio device reaches or exceeds a predetermined upper limit value and whether the signal level reaches or falls below a predetermined lower limit value,</li></ul>in which<ol id="ol0003" compact="compact"><li>a) the detector arrangement and the setting device are connected to one another,</li><li>b) the detector arrangement is configured, upon reaching or exceeding the upper limit value, to cause the adjusting device to increase the signal attenuation generated by the damping device, and</li><li>c) the detector arrangement is configured, upon reaching or falling below the lower limit, to cause the adjusting device to increase the signal attenuation generated by the damping device.</li></ol>

0028This corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the method for compensating a signal attenuation in the transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device, wherein:<ul><li>the signals are amplified with a signal amplification generated by a signal amplifier,</li><li>the signals are also attenuated by a damping device so that the signals are amplified in accordance with a resulting gain resulting from the signal amplification of the signal amplifier and from a signal attenuation generated by the attenuation device,</li><li>the signal attenuation generated by the attenuation device is set as a function of a signal level of the transmission signals of the mobile radio device,</li><li>it is detected whether the signal level reaches or exceeds a predetermined upper limit value and whether the signal level reaches or falls below a predetermined lower limit value,</li></ul>in which<ol id="ol0004" compact="compact"><li>a) upon reaching or exceeding the upper limit value, the signal attenuation generated by the damping device is increased, and</li><li>b) when reaching or falling below the lower limit, the signal attenuation generated by the damping device is increased.</li></ol>

0029The reaching or exceeding of the upper limit value for the signal level or the reaching or falling below the lower limit value of the signal level can be detected at different locations with respect to the signal path within the circuit arrangement. It is preferred that the detection of transmission signals of the mobile device takes place in the signal path between the adjustable damping device and the signal amplifier downstream in signal direction. In any case, it is preferred that the signal level is detected in the detection of transmission signals of the mobile device in the signal travel direction in front of the signal amplifier.

0030If both transmit and receive signals of the mobile device are transmitted via the same circuit arrangement and in particular over at least portions of the same high-frequency line of the circuit and compensation for the additional signal attenuation is to take place, it is preferred to detect the signal level only for transmission signals of the mobile device. In this case, it can be assumed that the additional signal attenuation is the same for the transmission signals and the reception signals. Therefore, based on the detected signal level or the determination that the upper limit is reached or exceeded or the lower limit is reached or fallen below, the resulting signal gain can be set, in the same way for the transmission signals and the received signals.

0031Preferably, the circuitry is configured to increase the resulting signal gain of the signal level enhancement device when the signal level has dropped below the upper limit again. In particular, the circuit arrangement is designed to increase and decrease the resulting signal amplification in the region of the upper limit value in accordance with a hysteresis. Thus, the resulting signal gain depending on the signal level shows the behavior of a hysteresis, ie also depends on its previous state. This ensures that the resulting signal amplification can remain stable in time within the range of the signal level around the upper limit value, ie

0032In particular, the resulting signal gain (eg, step-wise or continuous) is set to its maximum settable value, preferably by setting the attenuator's signal attenuation to its minimum settable value before the signal level first or first returns to the lower limit after the resulting signal gain was reduced after reaching or exceeding the upper limit value.

0033The largest adjustable value of the resulting signal gain is the largest value to which the adjustment means can adjust the signal level enhancement device during operation of the mobile device. The smallest adjustable value of the signal attenuation is the smallest value to which the setting device can set the damping device during operation of the mobile radio device. It is therefore not precluded that the signal level enhancement device be set to a base value of the resulting signal gain prior to operation of the mobile device that is less than another possible set value of the resulting signal amplification of the signal level enhancement device. The base value is set, for example, so that from a constant time gain of the signal amplifier and the base value of the damping device results in a basic gain, which is adapted to an expected operating situation of the mobile device. However, the base value is not changed during operation of the mobile device and thus represents the largest adjustable value of the resulting signal amplification or the smallest adjustable value of the signal attenuation.

0034Preferably, the circuitry is configured to increase the resulting signal gain produced by the signal level enhancement device when the signal level has exceeded the lower limit again. In particular, the circuit arrangement is designed to increase and decrease the resulting signal amplification in the range of the lower limit value in accordance with a hysteresis. Thus, the resulting signal gain depending on the signal level shows the behavior of a hysteresis, ie also depends on its previous state. This ensures that the resulting signal amplification can remain stable in time within the range of the signal level around the lower limit value, ie

0035In particular, the resulting signal gain (eg, step-wise or continuous) is set to its maximum settable value, preferably by setting the damper's signal attenuation to its minimum settable value before the signal level first or first returns to the upper limit after the resulting signal amplification was reduced after reaching or falling below the lower limit value.

0036Normally, it is prescribed by corresponding standards that the signal level of the transmission signals sent by a mobile radio device must lie within a certain signal level range during operation of the mobile radio device in a mobile radio network, ie must be able to reach a minimum value and not exceed a maximum value. Using this information, the circuitry can be configured.

0037In the following, the term "additional signal attenuation" is used. This is to be understood as the (not yet compensated) signal attenuation with which the transmission signals of the mobile radio device are attenuated by the transmission of the signals by means of the circuit arrangement. Optionally, further components are connected to the circuit arrangement, which are involved in the transmission of the signals and thus also in an attenuation of the signals. In this case, the additional signal attenuation is the sum of the signal attenuation brought about by the circuit arrangement and the further components. The signal attenuation is "additional" because it does not occur during operation of a mobile device without the circuitry and without the optional other components. In particular, in the operation of a mobile device within a motor vehicle but would be expected without the circuitry and the optional other components (in particular a high-frequency line to an outdoor antenna of the motor vehicle) with a poor transmission quality. Since the additional signal attenuation is uncompensated attenuation, the signal gain and optional signal attenuation of the tunable signal level enhancer are not among the contributions that provide the additional signal attenuation.

0038In order to compensate for additional signal attenuation, as occurs, for example, when using a wireless signal coupling device, the maximum value of the additional signal attenuation and the minimum value of the additional signal attenuation are determined and / or determined. In the case of the wireless signal coupling device, for example, at least its minimal contribution to the additional signal attenuation can be determined. Their maximum contribution to additional signal attenuation is generally not limited. However, there are signal coupling devices, in the operation of the coupled mobile device must be located in a defined spatial area, for example because it is placed on a limited contact surface of the signal coupling device. In these cases, the maximum contribution to additional signal attenuation can also be determined. Otherwise, the maximum contribution can be set, so that still a usable in terms of transmission quality operation of the mobile device can take place.

0039In the case of the wireless signal coupler, the additional signal attenuation also includes attenuation components due to other components of the circuitry and related parts (such as an antenna and a radio frequency line for the signals). In general, however, these attenuation components are constant, ie they do not depend in particular on the type of mobile device and the arrangement of the mobile device relative to the circuit arrangement. In a wireless signal coupling device, however, their contribution to additional signal attenuation depends on the type and arrangement of the mobile device.

0040The smallest value of the resulting signal amplification of the signal level amplification device which can be set during operation of the mobile radio device - in the following short: smallest adjustable value of the resulting signal amplification is in particular determined and thus specified by the amount of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value the additional signal attenuation is below the largest settable value of the resulting signal gain of the signal level enhancer.

0041In particular, in the case that the resulting signal amplification is set by the attenuation of the attenuator signal attenuation, the largest adjustable value of the signal attenuation is particularly determined and thus predetermined by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the additional Signal attenuation is above the smallest adjustable value of the signal attenuation of the damping device. Furthermore, during operation of the mobile device and the circuit arrangement, the signal amplifier of the signal amplifier, which is constant over time, is determined in such a way and thus predefined that it corresponds to the maximum value of the additional signal attenuation, that is to say compensates for the maximum additional signal attenuation to zero.

0042In addition, the upper limit of the signal level at the detector array and the upper limit of the detected signal level, respectively, are set so that the upper limit is equal to the signal level present at the signal output of the circuit when the additional signal attenuation is at its maximum value Has. In particular, the signal output of the circuit arrangement is the signal output, via which transmission signals of the mobile radio device are transmitted in a mobile radio network, for example to a base station of the mobile radio network.

0043The mobile network-side signal output is formed in particular by a transmitting antenna of the circuit arrangement, wherein the signal attenuation caused by the transmitting antenna in combination with the high-frequency line is taken into account in the additional signal attenuation which is to be compensated. With the transmitting antenna z. B. transmission signals of the mobile device to a base station of a mobile network sent. Usually, the transmitting antenna is also the receiving antenna, are received by the received signals of the mobile device from the mobile network and are transmitted from there via the high-frequency line to the mobile device.

0044Further, the lower limit of the signal level at the detector array and the lower limit of the detected signal level, respectively, is set so that the lower limit is equal to the signal level less the magnitude of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the additional signal attenuation is present at the signal output of the circuit arrangement when the additional signal attenuation has its minimum value. In other words, the lower limit of the signal level is above the amount of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the additional signal attenuation above the minimum value of the permissible signal level for the operation of mobile telephones. In the case of transmission signals, this permissible signal level applies to the antenna as mentioned above, via which the transmission signals are transmitted to the mobile radio network. This antenna is in particular part of the circuit arrangement.

0045As mentioned, the signal level amplification means (in particular the attenuation means) may be a digital device whose resulting signal amplification (in particular the signal attenuation) can be increased and decreased stepwise by the adjustment means. This corresponds to an embodiment of the method in which the signal level amplifying means has predetermined, discrete values ​​of the resulting signal amplification and the resulting signal amplification is increased and decreased stepwise in accordance with differences of the discrete values.

0046In particular, the circuit arrangement may have a signal coupling device which is configured to couple transmit signals of a transmitting antenna of the mobile device into a high-frequency line for the line-bound transmission of the transmit signals and preferably also receive signals which are transmitted via the high-frequency line to the signal coupling device to decouple from the radio-frequency line and to transmit wirelessly to a receiving antenna of the mobile device. It has already been mentioned that the<patcit id="pcit0012" dnum="WO2007118694A1"><text>WO 2007/118694 A1</text></patcit> Embodiments describes such a circuit arrangement. However, another exemplary embodiment of such a signal coupling device is eg a holder for a mobile device which holds the mobile device in an upright position, wherein in some of these holders the position of the mobile device relative to the holder may vary. Even if the position is not variable, some of these holders can hold not only one type of mobile devices but different types. If such a holder has a wireless signal coupling device, in all these cases, the additional signal attenuation, which is caused to a significant extent by the combination (coupling) of the mobile device via the signal coupling device with the circuit arrangement varies.

0047The circuit arrangement can have a transmitting antenna (which is, for example, a transmitting and receiving antenna and / or an external antenna of a motor vehicle) which is connected to the signal coupling device via the radio-frequency line and via which the transmitting signals of the mobile radio device during operation of the mobile radio device , which are coupled by the signal coupling device in the high-frequency line and amplified with the resulting gain, are sent. In addition, the circuit arrangement may comprise a receiving antenna, which is connected via a high-frequency line to the signal coupling device and are received by the receiving device of the mobile device during operation of the mobile device, which are transmitted from the receiving antenna via the radio-frequency line to the signal coupling device and amplified coupled with the resulting gain of the signal coupling means and wirelessly transmitted to the receiving antenna of the mobile device. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are preferably the same antenna.

0048In particular, when the antenna of the circuit arrangement is a transmitting and receiving antenna, both a transmission of the transmission signals and the reception signals of the mobile radio device can be performed via a single high-frequency line. This does not exclude that in individual sections of the signal path, a separate transmission of the transmission signals and the reception signals can take place in separate line sections. In particular, both the transmission amplifier and an additional reception amplifier for amplifying the reception signals are present, so that the line sections of the amplifiers are separate line sections exclusively for the transmission signals or the reception signals. Alternatively, it is of course possible in that the circuit arrangement has a high-frequency line passing through between signal input and signal output exclusively for transmission signals and has a high-frequency line passing through between signal input and signal output exclusively for reception signals of the mobile radio device, the signal inputs and signal outputs for the transmit and receive signals being different. In the case of a common radio-frequency line for transmission signals and reception signals, the signal output for the transmission signals and the signal input for the reception signals are located at the transmitting and receiving antenna of the circuit arrangement, which is used for direct communication in the mobile radio network or via the mobile radio link. On the other hand are eg the signal output for the received signals and the signal input for the transmission signals at the wireless signal coupling device, via which the circuit arrangement is coupled to the mobile radio device. Of course, the mobile device itself does not belong to the circuit arrangement.

0049In particular, the circuit arrangement can be designed to be operated in combination with a mobile radio device, whereby the mobile radio signals can lie in different frequency bands depending on the mobile radio standard. More generally, the circuit arrangement is particularly suitable to be operated at signal frequencies in different high-frequency bands. For example, at least one frequency band is assigned to the various known mobile radio standards. A universal circuit arrangement for operation in Central Europe, for example, must be suitable for signal frequencies in eight different frequency bands.

0050Therefore, the circuitry may optionally include parallel signal paths and / or individual circuit components that are suitable or used only for operation in one of the possible frequency bands. Corresponding designs of such circuit arrangements are known per se. With regard to the invention, this means that a plurality of signal amplifiers and / or adjustable damping devices for the different frequency bands and / or the individual signal paths can be provided. However, at least for the signal amplifier, it is preferred that it amplifies high-frequency signals not only in one frequency band but a plurality of frequency bands, ie that it can be used during operation of the circuit arrangement in accordance with various mobile radio standards. This does not necessarily mean that the same signal amplifier is used for all possible mobile radio standards or frequency bands. For the adjustable damping device, it is also preferable that it is used for the attenuation of the signal level of signals in different frequency bands and / or according to different mobile radio standards.

0051When using the same signal amplifier for signals in different frequency bands, the amplification factor may be slightly dependent on the frequency and therefore vary for the different frequency bands. This can be compensated, for example, by the fact that, for operation in a frequency band in which the signal amplification of the signal amplifier is greater than in another frequency band, an attenuator of the adjustable damping device permanently switched on, ie is effective. This attenuator is then not available during operation for the adjustment of the signal attenuation. It may also be expedient to comply with the different regulations in the various mobile radio standards for the maximum signal level and the minimum signal level of transmitted and / or received signals, that before or at the beginning of operation, one or more attenuators of the adjustable damping device are switched on (ie active) or switched off (ie ineffective), for the entire operating time according to the respective mobile radio standard. Also, individual attenuators of the adjustable damping device can remain permanently switched off during the entire operating time according to a specific mobile radio standard, so that the difference between the maximum adjustable during operation signal attenuation and the smallest adjustable signal attenuation can be determined. This difference can be set to a different value in the same way than before, if another mobile device than previously operated in combination with the circuit arrangement.

0052Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The individual figures of the drawing show:<dl id="dl0001" compact="compact"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>a circuit arrangement with a wireless signal coupling device, an adjustable damping device, a signal amplifier, a detection device and an adjusting device for adjusting the Dämp fumigation device and a transmitting and receiving antenna, wherein the circuit arrangement is combined with a mobile device,</dd><dt>Fig. 2</dt><dd>an embodiment of a detection device for detecting whether the signal level of a high-frequency signal reaches or exceeds an upper limit and whether the signal level reaches or falls below a lower limit, wherein the detection means in particular part of in <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> can be shown circuit arrangement</dd><dt>Fig. 3</dt><dd>an embodiment of a damping device having a plurality of attenuators, which are individually switched on and off, by each one arranged in parallel to the attenuator switch is turned off or turned on, wherein the damping device in particular part of in <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> can be shown circuit arrangement</dd><dt>Fig. 4</dt><dd>a diagram in which values ​​of the transmission power of a mobile radio device are plotted on the abscissa and values ​​of the output power at the signal output of a circuit arrangement and values ​​of the signal level of the mobile radio device are plotted on the ordinate in parallel at two different scales on a detection device of the circuit arrangement, wherein further in the diagram a family of curves of mutually parallel lines is shown with a positive slope, whose family parameter is the additional signal attenuation of the circuitry in combination with the mobile device,</dd><dt>Fig. 5</dt><dd>a diagram similar to the diagram in <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> for representing the enlargement and reduction of the resulting signal amplification or the signal level at the signal output of the circuit arrangement, when falling below the lower limit value of the signal level and then again exceeding the lower limit value of the signal level,</dd><dt>Fig. 6</dt><dd>a diagram similar to the one in <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 5</figref>in which a hysteresis of the resulting signal amplification or the signal level is represented using two lower limit values, and</dd><dt>Fig. 7</dt><dd>a realization of a hysteresis of the resulting signal gain or the signal level using two upper limit values.</dd></dl>

0053In the <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> shown circuitry comprises a wireless signal coupling device 3, an adjustable attenuation device 5, a transmission signal amplifier 7 and an antenna 13, which are arranged in this order in the signal path for transmission signal of a mobile device 1. Portions of a corresponding high-frequency line of the circuit arrangement are designated by reference numerals 6 and 6a. In addition, the circuit arrangement has a received signal amplifier 8, which is connected to the antenna 13 and the adjustable damping device 5 via a section 6b of the high-frequency line, which runs antiparallel to the section 6a of the high-frequency line. Furthermore, a detection device 9 and an adjusting device 11 are provided. In the exemplary embodiment, the detection device 9 is connected to the section 6a of the high-frequency line 6 between the adjustable damping device 5 and the transmission signal amplifier 7. The signal level is therefore detected in transmission signals of the mobile device 1 after the signals have been attenuated by the attenuation device 5, but before the signals are amplified by the transmission signal amplifier 7.

0054A signal output of the detection device 9 is connected to a signal input of the setting device 11. This is, for example, a controller for controlling the switching state of switches of the adjustable damping device 5. On a corresponding embodiment is still based on<figref idref="f0002">Fig. 3</figref> received.

0055The circuit arrangement is coupled via the wireless signal coupling device 3 with a transmitting and receiving antenna (not shown) of the mobile device. This coupling can also be referred to as an air interface. However, there may also be materials between the antenna of the mobile device 1 and the signal coupling device 3, which are preferably not electrically conductive.

0056Due to the section 6b with the received signal amplifier 8, the circuit arrangement can be used not only for the transmission of transmission signals of the mobile device 1, but also for the transmission of received signals from a mobile network or from a mobile radio link. The reception signals are received by the antenna 13, supplied to the reception signal amplifier 8, which amplifies them, and then passed to the common transmission and reception signal section 6 of the radio-frequency line. Overall, a detection of the signal level takes place exclusively for the transmission signals (as described above).

0057Modifications of in <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> shown circuit arrangement are possible. For example, the detection device 9 can detect the signal level in the portion of the high-frequency line 6a between the transmission signal amplifier 7 and the antenna 13.

0058The signal attenuation brought about by the coupling between mobile radio device 1 and coupling device 3 may have different values, as mentioned above, in particular depending on the position and orientation of mobile device 1 and on the type of mobile device 1. In addition, the "additional signal attenuation" defined above is still affected the circuitry added signal attenuation added, but which is usually constant and is the same for the different types of mobile devices, the positions and the orientations.

0059The detection device 9 is connected to the setting device 11 via its detection signal output. In particular, when the reaching or exceeding of the upper limit value or reaching or falling below the lower limit value has been determined, a corresponding detection signal is output from the detection device 9 to the adjusting device 11, which then adjusts the adjustable damping device 5 accordingly. Preferably, the detection device 9 permanently or repeatedly, in particular cyclically, outputs a detection signal which describes the respective state of the signal level. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the detection device 9 outputs two such state signals to the setting device 11. The one state signal contains the information whether the upper limit is reached or exceeded (first state) or whether the upper limit is not reached (second state of the first state signal). Accordingly, the second state signal also has two states. The first state means that the lower limit has been reached or fallen below. The second state means that this is not the case.

0060If a hysteresis of the signal level is to be achieved, this can be achieved in particular by the detection device 9. If, for example, the signal level rises and reaches or exceeds the upper limit value, the detection device 9 can signal this (for example, by the first status signal) to the setting device 11. This will result according to the invention in that the resulting gain is reduced, in particular by increasing the attenuation caused by the damping device 5 signal attenuation. Therefore, the signal level is reduced again. The detection device 9 can now be configured such that it only signals an undershooting of the upper limit value to the setting device 11 (for example, by changing the state of the first state signal) if a second upper limit value, which is below the first upper limit, reached or fallen below. An embodiment is still based on<figref idref="f0006">Fig. 7</figref> described. Accordingly, the hysteresis can be realized around the lower limit.

0061In <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 2</figref> a schematic circuit arrangement for an embodiment of a detection device 19 is shown.

0062In particular, the embodiment of the <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 2</figref> an implementation that is described above in the description of <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> was mentioned as a possible embodiment of the detection device 9. The signal level to be detected is applied to a rectifier 21 of the detection device 19 (left in FIG<figref idref="f0001">Fig. 2</figref>) on. The rectifier 21 is connected at its output for the rectified RF signal to both a first comparator 23 and a second comparator 25. Both comparators 23, 25 have a further signal input in order in each case to receive a reference signal Ref1 or Ref2. The reference signals Ref1 and Ref2 correspond to the upper and lower limit values ​​for the signal level, respectively. Therefore, when the signal level reaches or exceeds the upper limit value, the output signal at the output of the first comparator 23 changes in comparison with the state in which the signal level is below the upper limit value. In particular, therefore, at the output of the first comparator 23, the above-mentioned first state signal is applied. Accordingly, at the output of the second comparator 25, for example, the above-mentioned second state signal.

0063This in <figref idref="f0002">Fig. 3</figref> illustrated embodiment of a damping device 51, for example, as a damping device 5 in the in <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> shown, has a plurality of series-connected attenuators 31, 33, 35, 37, wherein the number and damping effect of the attenuators may vary in different embodiments of the damping device. In the embodiment, a first attenuator 31 is shown, which has half the damping effect of the next following attenuator 33, etc. Therefore, in the embodiment, the attenuator 31 has 1/8 of the attenuation effect of the fourth attenuator 37. The third attenuator 35 has half the attenuation effect of the attenuator 37 and the double attenuation effect of the second attenuator 33.

0064Parallel to each of the attenuators 31-37, a bypass line is arranged in each case, in which a respective attenuator 31-37 associated switches 32, 34, 36, 38 is located. In the on state of the respective switch 32-38, the associated attenuator is ineffective, since the bypass line is turned on and therefore parallel to the attenuator can take place a signal transmission, which is undamped.

0065Not shown in <figref idref="f0002">Fig. 3</figref> are corresponding control terminals of the controllable switches 32, 34, 36, 38. About these control terminals, the switch of a corresponding adjustment, such as the adjuster 11 in <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1</figref>, controlled and thus switched on or off. It is thus possible to use the in<figref idref="f0002">Fig. 3</figref> digital damping device 51 computerized to control and set any attenuation values ​​in stages of the damping effect of the first attenuator 31 (hereinafter, value "1") to fifteen times, that is, to the value "15". In addition, the value "0" can be set when all the switches 32, 34, 36, 38 are closed.

0066This in <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> in the case of transmission of transmission signals of a mobile device connected to the circuit arrangement, the transmission power of the transmission signals at the transmission antenna of the mobile radio device is the input power Pin. When the mobile device is operated in a mobile radio network, this transmission power Pin is limited by a minimum value Pmin and by a maximum value Pmax in accordance with the regulations of the respective mobile radio standard.

0067In the ordinate direction, the output power Pout of the circuit arrangement is plotted on the right, which must be at a transmitting antenna of the circuit arrangement according to the provisions of the mobile radio standard between the minimum value Pmin and the maximum value Pmax. On the left in the ordinate direction, the signal level or the signal power Pdet is applied to the detection device. Since the detected power Pdet is equal to or different from the output power Pout by the signal amplification constant of the signal amplifier, the detected power Pdet and the output power Pout can be plotted in parallel with each other. On the left ordinate axis, the upper limit value SWO and the lower limit value SWU are shown. The lower limit value SWU is above the minimum value Pmin of the output power Pout.

0068In the configuration of the circuit arrangement, the information about the minimum possible coupling loss between the circuit arrangement and the mobile device and about the maximum possible coupling loss between the mobile device and the circuit arrangement is used. In the case of the preferred embodiment with the damping device, the difference between these coupling loss limits is equal to the difference between the maximum adjustable signal damping of the damping device and the smallest adjustable signal damping of the damping device. For example, the total additional signal attenuation of the attenuator, including the coupling loss, is 3 ... 13 dB. In this case, the setting range for the attenuation signal attenuation of 0 ... 10 dB is selected. Furthermore, the constant signal amplification of the signal amplifier is set to the amount corresponding to the maximum value of the additional signal attenuation, in the exemplary embodiment thus 13 dB. In the case of adjustable signal amplification of the transmit signal amplifier with no adjustable attenuator, the signal amplification adjustment range for the aforementioned case is selected to be 3 ... 13 dB. For an operation according to the GSM 900 GSM standard, for example, the minimum value Pmin of the input power Pin and the output power Pout is 5 dBm. The maximum value Pmax of the input power Pin and the output power Pout is 33 dBm. For other mobile radio standards, other limits apply accordingly. In the mentioned example of the GSM 900, the upper limit value SWO for the signal level Pdet is set to the value, which corresponds to the maximum value Pmax of the output power Pout (here: 20 dBm). Of course, this also applies to all other mobile radio standards. The lower limit of Pdet is set to 2 dBm when the detected signal level Pdet differs from the signal gain of the signal amplifier (eg, 13 dB) from the output power Pout. If the signal level of the output power is measured, the lower limit value SWU would be set to 15 dBm. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout. Of course, this also applies to all other mobile radio standards. The lower limit of Pdet is set to 2 dBm when the detected signal level Pdet differs from the signal gain of the signal amplifier (eg, 13 dB) from the output power Pout. If the signal level of the output power is measured, the lower limit value SWU would be set to 15 dBm. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout. Of course, this also applies to all other mobile radio standards. The lower limit of Pdet is set to 2 dBm when the detected signal level Pdet differs from the signal gain of the signal amplifier (eg, 13 dB) from the output power Pout. If the signal level of the output power is measured, the lower limit value SWU would be set to 15 dBm. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout. when the detected signal level Pdet differs from the signal amplification of the signal amplifier (eg, 13 dB) from the output power Pout. If the signal level of the output power is measured, the lower limit value SWU would be set to 15 dBm. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout. when the detected signal level Pdet differs from the signal amplification of the signal amplifier (eg, 13 dB) from the output power Pout. If the signal level of the output power is measured, the lower limit value SWU would be set to 15 dBm. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout. The minimum value Pmin for the output power Pout lies around the value (in this example: 10 dB) below the lower limit value SWU, with which the coupling attenuation can vary. This ensures that a reduction of the input power Pin always leads to a reduction of the output power Pout.

0069In the presentation of the <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> and also the following <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 5</figref> and <figref idref="f0005">6</figref> the abscissa and the ordinate are equally scaled, ie the distances between the minimum power Pmin and the maximum power Pmax are the same on both axes. Therefore, in the diagram straight lines with the slope 1 at an angle of 45 ° to the abscissa and ordinate. There are several such lines drawn. In the ordinate range between the lower limit value SWU and the upper limit value SWO, some of these characteristics may be continuous without exceeding the limits of the minimum value Pmin or the maximum value Pmax on either the abscissa or the ordinate. However, there are also some of these characteristics which are below the lower limit value SWU and would exceed the maximum value Pmax for the input power Pin when extended to the upper right, before the upper limit SWO is reached. For one of these characteristics, this behavior is shown by a dashed line. Since this behavior is not permissible, an adaptation of the resulting signal amplification, in particular the signal attenuation of the damping device, is required.

0070The same applies to a few characteristic curves which pass through between the lower limit value SWU and the upper limit value SWO, without leaving the range bounded by the minimum value Pmin and by the maximum value Pmax on the abscissa or the ordinate. However, these characteristics reach the upper limit value SWO and would exceed the limit value as the input power Pin continues to rise, ie the maximum value Pmax of the output power Pout would be exceeded. This behavior is also represented by a dashed line for a characteristic curve.

0071The parameter of the different characteristics is the additional signal attenuation, which has to be compensated. The further up the left the characteristic curve runs, the smaller is the additional signal attenuation of the circuit arrangement including the coupling attenuation. Of the characteristics shown, the characteristic leftmost above corresponds to the smallest possible value of the additional signal attenuation. The characteristic curve at the bottom right corresponds to the largest value of the additional signal attenuation. A characteristic curve is drawn along which the value of the input power equals the value of the output power Pout, ie the signal attenuation of the damping device is, for example 0 and the signal amplification of the signal amplifier compensates for this at maximum additional signal attenuation or there is another additional signal attenuation and the damping device is set to a value with a greater signal attenuation. This example illustrates that the characteristics, except at the edge of the characteristic field, can not be clearly identified by the additional signal attenuation or the set value of the resulting signal amplification. However, this knowledge is also not required, since in the manner according to the invention the resultant signal amplification is reduced only when the upper limit value is reached or exceeded and when the lower limit value is reached or undershot. As a result, an offset in the vertical direction (in the ordinate direction) takes place from a characteristic to a parallel characteristic. Such an offset is represented by different arrows in the region of the upper limit value SWO and the lower limit value SWU. In the region of the lower limit value SWU, an offset is also shown upwards, because the resulting signal amplification should be increased as close as possible to the limit value so that the mobile radio device and the mobile station can negotiate the signal levels as undisturbed as possible over a larger range of level values ​​and thus upon reaching the upper limit value SWO, a reduction of the resulting gain is possible again or an increase in the signal attenuation. Even up to the upper limit value SWO, arrows could be displayed upwards,

0072At the upper limit value SWO, a plurality of short downward arrows are shown, the tips of which end at short sections from further characteristics extending to the upper limit value SWO. This indicates that the resulting signal amplification can be reduced in several small steps. This leads to a particularly stable behavior of the output signal with the output power Pout as a function of the input power Pin.

0073A corresponding behavior can also be generated at the lower limit value SWU. The longer arrows in<figref idref="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> but by the lower limit value SWU indicate that only one stage of the change of the resulting signal amplification can be used.

0074In <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 5</figref> Fig. 15 is an enlargement and reduction of the resulting signal gain around the lower limit value SWU. For example, the input power Pin can be reduced, the state of the circuit arrangement being described, for example, by the second characteristic curve (seen from top left). Due to the reduction of the input power Pin, the state therefore changes in accordance with the arrow running from top right to bottom left, until the lower limit value SWU is reached. This characteristic could not be extended to the minimum value Pmin of the output power Pout without falling below the minimum value Pmin of the input power Pin. Therefore, if the mobile device reduces its transmission power so that the input power is reduced to Pmin along this characteristic curve, the minimum Pmin of the output power Pout is reached and a further reduction of the transmission power of the mobile device could not lead to an even lower output power Pout. However, this is not permitted for the operation of mobile devices. Therefore, the resulting signal gain is already reduced upon reaching the lower limit SWU, z. B. by a single step, so that the output power Pout is reduced to its minimum value Pmin. When the input power increases again, the state is indicated by the arrow pointing to the upper right in FIG Therefore, the resulting signal gain is already reduced upon reaching the lower limit SWU, z. B. by a single step, so that the output power Pout is reduced to its minimum value Pmin. When the input power increases again, the state is indicated by the arrow pointing to the upper right in FIG Therefore, the resulting signal gain is already reduced upon reaching the lower limit SWU, z. B. by a single step, so that the output power Pout is reduced to its minimum value Pmin. When the input power increases again, the state is indicated by the arrow pointing to the upper right in FIG<figref idref="f0004">Fig. 5</figref> described which ends at the lower limit SWU. When the input power Pin has risen again so far that the output power has reached the lower limit value SWU, the reduction of the additional signal amplification is reversed again and there is a displacement in the vertical direction along the upwardly pointing arrow which is at the lower limit value SWU starts.

0075A concrete realization of a hysteresis around the lower limit value, which could also be carried out around the upper limit value SWO in a corresponding manner, will now be described with reference to FIG <figref idref="f0005">Fig. 6</figref> described. There is a second lower limit value SWU2 which is above the first lower limit value SWU1, but is close to the first lower limit value SWU1 compared to the difference between the upper limit value SWO and the first lower limit value SWU1. "Close" means not only in relation to the embodiment of<figref idref="f0005">Fig. 6</figref> in particular, the two lower limit values ​​SWU or, in the corresponding case, the two upper limit values ​​SWO are separated by a level difference which is less than 1/10 of the level difference between the upper limit value or the first upper limit value and the lower limit value or the first lower limit Limit, preferably even less than 1/20 or more preferably less than 1/50. Alternatively or additionally, "near" means in particular that the two upper limit values ​​and / or the two lower limit values ​​are at most 4 dB, preferably at most 3 dB and particularly preferably at most 2 dB apart.

0076Due to the two lower limits SWU1 and SWU2 is already the basis of <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 5</figref> slightly modified hysteresis described. When the input power Pin reduces, corresponding to the behavior according to the arrow pointing from the top right to the bottom left, and the first lower limit value SWU1, the resulting signal gain is reduced, as shown by the arrow pointing vertically downwards. When the input power Pin increases again and reaches the range of the lower limit values ​​SWU1, SWU2, however, the resulting signal amplification is only increased again when the second, higher lower limit value SWU2 is reached. As a result, it is possible to prevent the resultant signal amplification from being increased in a step-like manner as soon as the lower, first lower limit value SWU1 is reached, because of increasing input power Pin,

0077The concept of two different limits, which in the example of <figref idref="f0005">Fig. 6</figref> is particularly advantageous when the increase or decrease of the resulting signal gain as an adjustment by a smaller amount than in <figref idref="f0005">Fig. 6</figref> shown executed. If the amount of change in the resulting signal gain is closer to the magnitude of the difference between the second and first thresholds (eg, SWU2-SWU1), then the concept of the two thresholds results in much more stable behavior than if only a lower or upper threshold were present ,

0078From the <figref idref="f0003 f0004 f0005">4 to 6</figref> It can be seen that in all states represented by characteristics extending below the lower limit value SWU to the minimum value Pmin of the input power Pin, an increase of the resulting signal amplification preferably takes place as the input power Pin increases and therefore the lower limit value SWU is reached from below. In this case, this increase is preferably so great that a characteristic curve is reached at which the maximum value Pmax of the input power Pin is not reached below the upper limit value SWO. This has the advantage that no further adjustments of the resulting signal amplification is required with further increasing input power Pin until the upper limit value SWO is reached.

0079As well as in the <figref idref="f0003 f0004 f0005">Fig. 4 to Fig. 6</figref> is in the diagram of <figref idref="f0006">Fig. 7</figref> the input power Pin plotted in the direction of the abscissa, while the output power Pout and the signal level Pdet are plotted in the ordinate direction. The left line in the figure diagonally from bottom left to top right with a double arrow represents one of the lines already in<figref idref="f0003 f0004 f0005">Fig. 4 to Fig. 6</figref> are within the allowable range of the values ​​for the input power Pin, the output power Pout and the signal level Pdet. For example, if the signal level Pdet increases during operation of the mobile device (eg, because the mobile device is away from the base station and therefore transmits with higher transmission power), the signal level Pdet reaches the first upper limit value SWO1. As pin input power continues to increase, the resulting signal gain is reduced by one step DP (eg, 1 dB). If the input power pin continues to rise, the procedure is repeated: whenever the signal level Pdet reaches the first upper limit value SWO1 again, the signal level Pdet and thus also the output power Pout are reduced by the step DP.

0080If, for example, after five such stepwise reductions of the resulting signal gain, the input power Pin again, the output power Pout is reduced as the right in <figref idref="f0006">Fig. 7</figref> shown, running from top right to bottom left line with an arrow. The second upper limit SWO2 is reached. This triggers an increase in the resulting signal gain, whereby the signal level Pdet is increased again by the stage DP (eg, by 1 dB). When the signal level Pdet drops further, this stepwise increase in the resulting signal amplification is repeated when the second lower limit value SWO2 is reached. Finally, the left in<figref idref="f0006">Fig. 7</figref> achieved from top right to bottom left running characteristic reached. Now the stepwise increase of the resulting signal amplification can be terminated and the device is again in the state before reaching the first upper limit value SWO1.

0081This approach is advantageous because it can be prevented in this way that results in a situation in which the additional attenuation is high by increasing the additional attenuation (in particular due to an increase in the coupling attenuation of the above-mentioned coupling device with a slipping of the mobile device) and the mobile tries to increase the transmit power (say, because the mobile is moving away from its base). If the resulting signal amplification is still low in such a situation, the first upper limit value SWO1 may not be reached, ie the maximum possible output power is not reached. In the characteristic field of the<figref idref="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> this state is indicated by the dashed curve right in <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 4</figref> shown.

0082It is therefore generally preferred that after reaching the first upper limit value SWO1 due to a rising signal level Pdet and reduction of the resulting signal amplification (in particular by increasing the attenuation) and subsequent lowering of the signal level Pdet to the second upper limit value SWO2, the resulting signal amplification again (in particular stepwise) is increased so that it again has the value that it had before reaching the first upper limit value SWO1, before the signal level Pdet falls below the second upper limit value SWO2 again. Optionally, the resulting signal gain may be increased even further before the signal level Pdet falls below the second upper limit SWO2 again.