Interface module for a unit of an antenna distributor system and antenna distributor system

p0001The invention relates to an interface module for a designed for conveying and / or amplification of communication signals within a unit distributed antenna. The invention further relates to a Antennenverteilsystem with at least one master unit as well as with a number of conditions associated with the master unit remote units. The invention must tackle the problem of ensuring adequate radio communication on so-called essential, non-public communication channels that train or private mobile radio, released the rescuers of Civil Protection, the rescue service, police, firefighters, paramedics and other assistants and a public radio communication can not be used. It also deals with the total operating mobile applications with special security tasks (BOS) in industry, public transport (PT), authorities, airports and military.

p0002To transmit information on the essential communication channels in the VHF range, the amplitude modulation is generally used; optionally, the frequency modulation is used. In modern digital trunked radio systems (eg Terrestrial Trunked Radio TETRA, TETRAPOL, P25,) are also includes the phase modulation (π / 4-DQPSK, π / 8-D8PSK or CQPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (4, 16 and 64-QAM) used. Due to the small modulation amplitude or low transmission rates, only a low channel bandwidth is required. For bidirectional communication modes of exchange traffic (simplex), a counter-movement (duplex) or a conditional oncoming traffic (semi-duplex) can be used. When changing traffic only a band of the essential communication signal is occupied. The exchange of information takes place alternately and time-shifted. When oncoming traffic a defined sub-band or a defined upper band is alternately used. The alternate communication can take place simultaneously. In this case, so-called relay stations are used to establish the communication. Mobile units and base stations send it in the low band and receive in the high band. The relay stations themselves, which increase the range, welcomed the talks in the low band and send them in the high band again. The separation of the conversations between an uplink direction (towards a base station) and a downlink direction (toward a mobile terminal) which is thus by a frequency separation.

p0003During a disaster case, a rescue or assistance action, in case of accidents to air, water or land requires a rapid and uninterrupted communication possible all forces involved. A necessary on site radio communication of forces is already restricted by the fact that various units, such as fire, police and disaster management exchange, on different communication channels with different transmission method information. In addition, the funds earmarked for the emergency communication technologies and transmission frequencies are not optimized for the technical possibilities of today's advanced mobile networks. In the unlocked for emergency frequencies of essential communication signals from below 700 MHz, the forces can indeed over relatively large distances locally communicate. The within closed buildings, vehicles or tunnel optional for modern mobile networks Repeater technology can not be utilized optimally for the transfer of the essential communication signals but due to the long wavelengths and because of the provided emergency comparatively simple radio transmission method. Modern mobile networks communicate in the gigahertz range. For coding, the signals carry complex modulation used. To separate the uplink and downlink communications in particular, the method of time-division duplexing (TDD) is used in addition to the frequency separation, the time constant, however, are orders of magnitude smaller than the change in traffic within an essential communication channel.

p0004During the transfer of essential communication channels is on the one hand low bandwidth requirements, a very large dynamic range to be ensured on the other side and a high isolation between the uplink and the downlink communication are implemented. Due to the long wavelengths of essential communication signals, the separation between themselves and the isolation between the uplink and the downlink direction using channel selective analog filter requires considerable technical effort, which is partly connected with enormous costs.

p0005Considerations such as sufficient communication on essential communication channels between various emergency services units or using a modern network architecture for radio transmission can be assured of information, for example from the <patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="US20040070515A1"><text>US 2004/0070515 A1</text></patcit>, of the <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="US20050260983A1"><text>US 2005/0260983 A1</text></patcit> or the <patcit id="pcit0003" dnum="US200801711527A1"><text>US 2008/01711527 A1</text></patcit> bekannt.Die transfer sampled RF signals in distributed antenna systems is known for example from the <patcit id="pcit0004" dnum="US5852651A"><text>US 5,852,651</text></patcit>,

p0006Object of the invention is to provide a technical solution available that allows sufficient communication of emergency personnel on essential communication channels using a modern radio network architecture. Here are the known from a modern radio network architecture benefits also of communication be put on essential communication channels.

p0007This object is achieved by an interface module for a designed for conveying and / or amplification of communication signals within a distributed antenna unit, wherein the interface module, a first analog interface for forwarding and receiving of communication signals of mobile devices, a second interface for digital or analog forwarding and includes the reception of communication signals of the distributed antenna, at least one signal path for forwarding the received communication signals between the two interfaces, and the signal path receiving controllable digital unit with means for digitization of incoming and outgoing analog conversion communication signals. Here, the digital unit is adapted to identify in the digitized essential communication signals to hide the remaining signals and relay the selected essential communication signals.

p0008The control and / or implementation of essential communication signals between remote units, on an optional base station or an optionally connected further network is carried out by a central interface module in the master unit. It should be noted that an exchange between individual branches of the distribution network is being considered only in digital form. A remote unit and a master unit set in this sense units of the distributed antenna is ..

p0009In other words, the invention provides an interface module for the equipment of one or more remote units and one master unit, as are known for a modern Antennenverteilsystem a mobile network. Such remote unit or a plurality of such remote units is used in particular in a radio shadow, within closed buildings, in tunnels, on trains, in train stations, stadiums etc. to ensure sufficient radio communication with mobile devices. Here, one associated with a base station of the respective radio network master unit is near the tunnel, the building or generally the shaded location and transmits communication signals between the base station and the remote units, which are located inside the building or in general in a dead spot. Send The remote units communicate signals obtained optionally reinforced and receive other hand communication signals from mobile devices that will eventually be applied to the base station in the uplink direction on the master unit. The remote units are commonly referred to as relay stations. This radio network architecture has the advantage that a centralized control of remote units via the master unit is possible. The connection of the master unit to the base station can be wired or wireless. The remote units themselves are, for example, wired or optically coupled to the master unit. However, the remote units can advantageously be designed as a so-called off-air repeaters, which are connected via radio with the master unit in conjunction. Included within the above-described radio network architecture are also several master units which are in turn connected to a plurality of remote units. It should be noted that no so-called ,, direct-mode ", ie a direct connection between two mobile terminals is possible on public mobile networks.

p0010The invention now comes especially from the consideration to use a remote unit for transmitting and for the integration of essential communication signals in the given wireless network. In particular, it should be possible to enable a bidirectional communication to essential communication channels over one or more remote units with the given technology. Likewise, the or each master unit will be upgraded to receive, transmit and distribute the essential communication signals accordingly.

p0011The invention proposes an interface module, which should be largely dispensed with similar separation means such as duplexer or analog filters to separate each other and sufficient to isolate the uplink and downlink direction from each other, the essential communication signals. Because of the large wavelength of the essential communication signals requires such a configuration for separating the narrowband channels and a huge space requirements is also associated with high costs. Rather, the invention is the way, in the transmission or signal path of the distributed antenna for communication with a mobile terminal to implement a digital unit, the first digitized the incoming signals in order to subsequently demodulate down to baseband. This is achieved by providing a suitably equipped interface module.

p0012A required for essential communication signals high dynamics can be achieved in particular by a narrow-band digital oversampling followed by digital down conversion (digital down conversion). It is noted that in the case of a digital modulation no decryption of the most kryptierten baseband data is required. The time delay or time requirements associated with this known as ,, Decode and Forward "scheme can not be tolerated in conventional mobile networks, but plays only a subordinate role in the most mutually operated communication signals of essential services. In this respect, the digital unit remains within the given communication process enough time to a sufficient scan of the incoming communication signals and to the digital domain to a corresponding identification and separation of the remaining, not required for the essential interface module communication signals. in particular, the digital unit is able to identify the frequencies, the type of modulation of the transmission signals and the transmission method used and so essential communication signals to each other and different from the other communication signals. in a preferred embodiment, the digital unit is paid in one or more remote units from a single master unit for selecting, forwarding or relaying in another band or another frequency.

p0013The interface module is especially designed so that it ensures the exchange of information of essential communication signals in isolation from the rest of the communication signals of the mobile network. It is preferred insofar meant as an add-on module to an existing remote unit, but may in particular resort to the existing computer or software architecture. In this respect, the digital unit described here does not have to be formed as a separate digital unit in particular. Rather, it can be fully implemented by an existing, for transmission of communication signals of the mobile network provided in a TDD or FDD architecture digital unit. The necessary for the present invention functions and properties can then be realized by a corresponding programming of the given computer or processor architecture.

p0014The signal path of the interface module is given in the simplest case by a signal line which connects the two interfaces together. Such signal line would possibly adequate for a variable traffic of uplink and downlink signals, but does not offer enough possibilities to include other essential communication signals from other transmission methods such as duplex or semi-duplex with. For this reason, the signal path is expediently divided into several separate signal paths for the uplink direction and a plurality of separate signal paths for the downlink direction. then the separation of the two communication directions corresponding to the two given signal lines over a time division duplex (TDD) or a frequency division duplex method (FDD).

p0015The proposed architecture of the interface module further allows the obtained essential communication signals encoded in particular also to the master unit or to one or more remote units, frequency offset, or further treated in any other way to convey. A corresponding connected to the remote unit or the master unit control computer is then able to identify the data received from a specific remote unit essential communication signals, the forwarding and / or transformation in the same or another remote unit to instruct. Furthermore, optional couple the master unit the possibility of these signals, for example in a fixed network. Conversely, process the sending essential communication signals back accordingly and specifically instruct the respective remote unit, the master unit in the downlink direction. About addressing the remote unit can also identify the signals provided for them in particular. About appropriate control commands the digital unit can be upgraded to the appropriate actions and empowered. In the uplink direction, it is preferable that abseparierte merged essential communication signal with the other information to be transmitted again, wherein intermodulation effects are prevented by a sufficient frequency offset of the separated signals to each other. The connecting line between the master unit and the remote unit is configured in this case as a common signal line for transmitting the entire data exchange. In particular, for this purpose, an optical waveguide is provided. Also a correspondingly designed coaxial or two-wire cable for electrical signals is possible.

p0016In another, not shown embodiment, a plurality of connection ,, Off Air repeater "via a radio modem is conceivable.

p0017In a further preferred embodiment, the digital unit is implemented to detect characteristic signal parameter of the identified essential communication signals and also be forwarded via the signal path. The transmission of such signal parameters allows a user, for example, determine which type is replaced by essential communication signals, the frequency with which takes place such a communication, or from which remote unit the transmitted essential communication signal originates. In particular, this allows a capture and routing the received signal strength and / or a term recognition localization of the emitting mobile terminal. The type of transmission procedure for the essential communication signal can be identified and, if appropriate, by means of the master unit an automated adaptation of the digital unit to be made. The interface module is then upgraded to establish communications on the respective essential communication band with the corresponding transmission method. Particularly preferably, the digital unit is configured to switch between different transmission methods of the essential communication process, especially between a simplex, a duplex or a semi-duplex method.

p0018Especially when forwarding the characteristic signal parameters such as signal strength, frequency, frequency band and / or transmission method or communication of the identified essential communication signals a respective implementing relevant communication signals in other essential communication channels can be made so that it is the task forces of various units able to communicate with each other , Here, the interface module is preferably designed such that the digital unit allows a conversion in different frequency bands and ensures a transfer of the essential communication signals with different transmission methods in different frequencies.

p0019Basically a digitization with a sufficient sampling in accordance with known sampling method is possible. It can be used in principle, a modulation or a digital coding to improve the transfer rate. For cost reasons and because of the persecuted here predominant purpose of use, it is sufficient to design the digital unit to a digitization of communication signals in the baseband.

p0020Advantageously, the digital unit is formed into a controllable delay and / or interruption of the transmission of essential communications signals toward the first analog interface. This configuration takes particular reference to the formation of standing waves in buildings, railway or road tunnels or stages that occur especially in the long-wave communication signals of the essential communication channels. Such a situation is particularly a result of interference that occurs in the overlap region of the radiation radius of several placed in such locations remote units. The resulting spatial interference pattern properties depend strongly on the wavelength employed. The possibility of delaying the downlink traffic of a remote unit for essential communication signals can now be actively engaged in the design of the resulting interference pattern. This is known as single-frequency network operation makes it possible to reduce dead spots for mobile units, for example by deliberately correspondingly localized remote unit is delayed in its radiation. Because all remote units transmit in phase, destructive interference can be avoided. Alternatively, a remote unit in downlink direction are also muted.

p0021In a further preferred embodiment, the digital unit is formed into a controllable interruption of the transmission of essential communications signals toward the second interface. In this case, particular reference is made to the fact that when a plurality of remote units, the transmitted essential communication signals having a better signal-to-noise ratio when the information is not signalschwächste total used to form the communication signal. Based on a signal strength detection can insofar automated or controlled from outside the signalschwächste regarding the receiving side remote unit in the uplink direction to mute the master unit. This known as ,, uplink muting "method may better overall transmission quality for essential communication signals are generated.

p0022In the opposite direction, by a Kurschlussschalter in DL-path behind the amplifier in dessem idling case, the emission of noise to be suppressed. This is especially in the semi-duplex operation during the uplink time or in the case of direct mode in which, due to the level ratios no relay is required, very beneficial.

p0023To this end, in addition or independently preferably the digital unit of the interface module is designed to return the incoming essential communications signals toward the first analog interface. In other words, a remote unit is thereby upgraded to a direct communication, said control information and the identified essential communication signals to the master unit or one or more remote units are passed or not. The obtained essential communication signals are to a certain extent reflected on the digital unit and amplified and optionally time or frequency offset switched again to emit the first analog interface for radio transmission. This direct mode allows to improve the radio communication of forces to each other on site. In particular, the ,, "reception signal by the digital unit reflected back to be modified so that it can be received and processed by the mobile terminals of the forces of other units. In this case, such a controlled remote unit acts as a sort of a relay station, the range of the and transmission power of the essential communication signals between the mobile terminals and in particular between the mobile units of various units improved so that the coordination possibilities are significantly increased locally.

p0024Conveniently, the digital unit is formed into a controllable frequency conversion between the frequency bands essential communication signals. This allows - as already described above - the establishment of a communication between mobile terminals of forces of various units. Here, the digital unit is preferably additionally also adapted to take account of the transmission method used in each of the corresponding essential communication channels.

p0025To enable centralized forwarding, control and monitor the exchange of information, in the interface module a communication unit is comprised. The central controller is responsible thereby a connected, for example, to the Master Unit central control computer. This communication unit may be an integrated part of the digital unit. If the execution of the functions described above, however, for example, used an already implemented in an existing remote unit Digital unit, it is advisable to provide a separate communication unit in the interface module, which ensures and controls the data exchange between the master unit and the digital unit. For connection of the control computer to the master unit, the interface module is also provided, which reversed then receives the control data, then processed and transmitted over the existing connection to the interface module in the remote unit. Here, the data exchange can be realized for example by means of known and suitable networks such as LAN or Ethernet. Such digital data network provided for example by the ability to assign each remote unit a unique address within the network. About this address then the respective digital unit or the respective remote unit is accessed directly. The data transmitted between two or more remote units and / or the master unit information is uniquely identified by the address.

p0026For this purpose, preferably, the communication unit for parts couple of information and control data is connected onto the communication signal to the signal path. In other words, the data exchange is the switched between the remote units or to the transmitted to the master unit signal with respect to the information of the detected essential communication signals and with regard to the control data for the digital unit. One, in particular is then able to identify the transmitted data within the digital data network to the master unit connected central control computer, and redirect them to the desired remote units on the master unit .. In the case of more complex switching tasks this computer can then the central control of the digital units of the remote units are transmitted. This may include the current status and other information on the nature and frequency of communication be queried and displayed on essential communication channels. The central control computer may also be part of the master unit itself, which is then correspondingly intelligent.

p0027For the separation of remaining communication signals from the communication signals to be separated essential is preferably at least an analog filter unit for separation of the frequency bands of incoming and outgoing analogue communication signals comprises essential. Such an analog filter unit for example, the high frequencies of communication signals of the mobile network can be already hidden. This also noise can be eliminated in particular.

p0028The object is further achieved by a Antennenverteilsystem with at least one master unit and a plurality of connected to the Master Unit remote units, which is associated with an interface module of the type described above or which are equipped with such, the master -unit is designed for the selective control of the digital units of the remote units and for receiving and forwarding the essential communication signals.

p0029Further advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims directed to a Antennenverteilsystem. The mentioned for the interface module advantages are here mutatis mutandis to the Antennenverteilsystem übertragen.Zur fulfillment of those tasks is the master unit is preferably a number of interface modules of the type described assigned that communicate with a number of assigned remote units or with their section adjusting modules ,

p0030Preferably, a central control computer is connected to one of the interface modules. This can be external, or form part of the master unit. The Steuerrrechner is configured to coordinate the distribution of the essential communication signals within the distribution network, for evaluating the characteristic signal parameters and to a corresponding signal parameters the control of the digital units. This automated to a certain extent control the remote units is possible. For example, the digital units can be controlled in a corresponding treatment by the counter essential communication signals, which relates to the nature of the transmission method used. For example, can be established in this way an essential communication in simplex, duplex or semi-duplex mode, depending on the received essential communication signal.

p0031Likewise, means may be provided already in the master unit, depending to locate the received from the remote units signal strengths and / or the duration of the essential communication signals that these emitting mobile terminal. But this can also be assigned to the central control computer.

p0032To establish a communication between different communication bands essential, the central control computer is further preferably configured to control the digital units to a frequency conversion between the frequency bands and / or a propagation delay of essential communication signals.

p0033Embodiments of the invention are further illustrated by a drawing. They show:<dl id="dl0001" compact="compact"><dt>Fig. 1</dt><dd>schematically illustrates a remote unit with an interface module for the transmission of essential communication signals, and</dd><dt>FIG. 2</dt><dd>schematically a Antennverteilsystem with a number of remote units.</dd></dl>

p0034In <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> schematically shows a remote unit 1 shown as it is part of a distributed antenna of a mobile radio network. The Remote Unit 1 is inserted in enabling inside buildings, tunnels, vehicles, stations, stadiums etc. radio communication mobile devices with an outside of the given locality located basestation. In this case, a master unit 2 is provided which is arranged in the vicinity of given premises or location and connected to the base station. About appropriate connecting lines (optical, electrical) or via radio is the master unit 2 with a number of illustrated remote units 1 in conjunction. The Remote Units 1 to send and receive communication signals and establish the actual radio link to the mobile terminals.

p0035The Remote Unit 1 comprises, in addition, not shown here other units to ensure communication between the master unit 2 and the mobile terminals within the mobile network, an interface module 4, which allows the inclusion of a communication on essential communication channels in the existing wireless network architecture.

p0036The interface module 4 has for this purpose a first interface 6 to an analog data exchange with mobile terminals and a second interface 7 into an analog and / or digital data exchange between the remote unit 1, the master unit 2 and other remote units. In other words, the remote unit 1 may be in communication via the second interface 7 either with the master unit 1 or with other remote units. 1 In the latter case, the remote units 1 are, for example, via respective splitter in series or in a star shape to each other. In<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> Such a constellation is indicated by a reference numeral 1 in parentheses. Between the two interfaces 6 and 7, the interface module 4 further includes a signal path 9 in downlink direction and a signal path 10 in the uplink direction. Via the signal path 10 are guided by the first analog interface 6, signals received to the second interface 7 and from there further to the master unit 2 or one or more other remote units. Along the signal path 9 are at the second interface 7 of the master unit 2 or passed one or more remote units received signals toward the first analog interface 6 and transmitted to mobile devices from there via radio. For receiving and transmitting radio signals, the first analog interface 6 is connected to a corresponding antenna unit, which in this case is not shown graphically.

p0037In the downlink signal path 9 and the uplink signal path 10 a digital unit 11 is included, the priority has the task to digitize incoming communication signals, to extract essential communication signals or hide other communication signals to pass on the essential communication signals and before being sent to the analog interfaces 6 this analogy implement again. The forwarding of the essential communication signals at the interface 7 to one or more remote units 1 or the master unit 2 can be carried out by analog or digital implementation.

p0038The interface module 4 is connected upstream of a so-called analog Cross-band coupler 12 of the communication channels of the mobile network of essential communication channels separates. The cross band coupler 12 may be part of the remote unit 1 or the interface module. 4 Since the mobile from the essential channels are widely separated, the demands on the design of this analog filter are low.

p0039The interface module 4 further comprises a digital unit 11 assigned communication unit. 13 The communication unit 13 is adapted to optionally be further processed to process by the digital unit 11 and to feed data via the second interface 7 of the master unit 2 or more remote units. Also, the communication unit 13 is configured to receive control data from the master unit 2 via the second interface 7 and pass to a control unit to the digital eleventh

p0040The digital unit 11 is mainly provided by a digital circuit 17, which is implemented in this case as a programmable integrated circuit (FPGA = Field Programmable Gate Array). In this digital circuit 17 which functions to be performed for processing the digital data of the essential communication signals are implemented and controlled available. In both the uplink signal path 10 and in the downlink signal path 9 are digital converter units 15, transform the incoming communication signals in the baseband. Between the second interface 7 of the digital unit 11 and further digital converter units 16 are arranged according to the illustrated embodiment. This digital converter units 16 are required only when analog signals are to be transported within the distribution system. The digital unit 11 is upgraded to identify from the digitized communication signals the essential communication signals, optionally treated further and forwarded accordingly in the uplink or in the downlink direction. The other communication signals are hidden and no longer considered by the interface module. 4 To identify the essential communication signals whose frequency and their transfer method is used. In particular, shared bands are arranged in a frequency space from below 700 MHz for essential communication. Next, the type of modulation of the received communication signals are used for identification. For example, many essential communication signals are amplitude modulated in a simple manner. Where appropriate, a frequency modulation is given. The nature of the clocking, a simplex, duplex or semi-duplex mode is taken into account from the digital unit 11 and used for the identification of the essential communication signal.

p0041The in the digital unit 11 digitally identified essential communication signals may also be taken directly from the communication unit 13 and forwarded. For this purpose, they can also be modulated to increase the transmission rate, in particular, a phase or QAM modulation have been made.

p0042The first analog interface 6 is further a prefilter 18 assigned. This prefilter 18 has to effect the object, a coarse filtering of the frequency bands essential communication signals in uplink and downlink direction. Depending on the transmission method, the pre-filtering can be realized as a filter in the frequency (FDD) or as a switch in the time domain (TDD). Since the tapes to each other essential communication channels are still spaced apart enough, it is sufficient a moderate frequency of analog filters in the frequency domain. After the pre-filtering is carried out regardless of the duplex mode with two separate directions of transmission in the interface module. 4 For this purpose, in each case, a separate signal path 9 is formed in uplink and a separate signal path 10 in the downlink direction. The number of uplink 9 ', 9 "and downlink paths 10', 10 'thereby depends on the number of essential frequency bands and / or duplex method, that should be supported. In the exemplary embodiment two FDD bands are shown as an example.

p0043The identification of essential communication signals within the pre-filtered frequency bands is thus analogous, as already stated, extremely complicated. The essential of the communication channels assigned in some cases have only a bandwidth in the kHz range. Therefore, these actual ID accepts the digital unit 11 that viewed the digitized communication signals.

p0044Between the first port 7 and the digital unit 11 inputs or outputs / A coupling unit 19 is implemented in each case in the uplink signal path 10 and the downlink signal path. 9 These inputs / decoupling units 19, the communication unit 13 receives the one control data from the master unit 2 and on the other signal parameters from the digital unit 11 in the uplink direction to the feed-through signal. About the export / coupling unit 19 can further the digital baseband data on and be extracted. This happens Favour on a superior digital modulation method such as QAM.

p0045For amplifying the received and signals to be transmitted is located between the digital unit 11 and the first analog interface 6 a number of amplifier units 20. Because of the low bandwidth of the essential communication signals, and since these are already present in the form of digital baseband data may be used to reinforce the be emitted signal, a digital predistortion be used by a DPD amplifier 20 '. This allows unwanted spurious emissions are significantly reduced, which contributes to the extremely high Dynamikanfoderungen in adjacent bands invoice.

p0046The second interface 7 is associated with an electric optical transducer 21 to which all signals are combined in the uplink direction and switched to a common optical waveguide 23rd About the optical waveguide 23 is the Remote Unit 1 to the master unit 2 and optionally with other remote units in connection. For the separation of the received signals 22 converts incoming optical signals there is a corresponding electric optical transducer back into corresponding electrical signals. electrical signals Conversely to the electric optical transducer 22 of the master unit 2 in downlink direction converted into optical signals and transmitted to the electric optical transducer 21 of the remote unit 1 or other remote units via the optical waveguide 23rd There incoming optical signals are converted into corresponding electrical signals and switched to the downlink signal path. 9 Via the input / decoupling unit 19, the communication unit 13 receives control data thereof and, if appropriate, the digital baseband data for the digital unit 11. For this purpose, an interface 25 in a digital network, in particular Ethernet implemented. Via this interface 25 takes place conversely also the exchange of data between the digital unit 11 different remote units and the master unit. 2

p0047The digital unit 11 and the communication unit 13 are formed, in particular to signal strength and running time information, the type of essential communication signal, and an address of the corresponding remote units 1, 1 ', ... intrude said common transmission signal and to the master unit 2 to to transfer. Conversely, the communication unit 13 is configured to receive digital baseband data and control data to the master unit 2 and to drive the digital unit 11 accordingly. It is provided, for example, the digital unit 11 to drive to a time delay in the downlink direction to change negative interference effects while sending essential communication signals over multiple remote units advantageous. Also, via the communication unit 13, the digital unit 11 are driven to switch the remote unit 1 in a direct communication mode. Thus obtained by the first analog interface 6 essential communication signals are amplified, optionally converted frequency offset or in a different communication technology, is sent back for re-transmission to the same analog interface 2nd Thus, the appropriately controlled remote unit 1 is to establish a communication with a relay station, the improved locally in radio communication on essential communication channels and especially allowed between different units that use different transmission methods essential. In the uplink direction two break switches are further downstream amplifiers 20th These are driven by the communication unit and prevent idle case emit noise.

p0048The communication unit 13 communicates not necessarily via the second interface 7. In particular, the communication may be with the communication unit 13 via a direct digital interface 25 'to a digital network such as Ethernet occur. This interface can be connected directly, a control computer. In other words, on-site by connecting to the port 25 'a local control center are made to quickly obtain a control option in a disaster, etc. of the various essential communication channels, the architecture of the existing network of mobile communication is used.

p0049Moreover, can be made with the master unit 2 preferably by radio communication. Because of the low information density of the data to be transmitted may be 7 formed as a radio interface in a WLAN network, the second interface.

p0050On cross band coupler 12, the communication signals of mobile communication of the essential signals are separated. The communication signals of mobile phones through the it actually provided Remote Unit 1 affected by this command from the interface module 4. At the second interface 7 can now, as in<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> indicated, all transmission signals, so that the mobile network and of the essential transmission channels, digital and analog signals to be brought together, and on the common transmission line, here the optical waveguide 23, are forwarded to the master unit 1 or to other remote units. Conversely, therefore, in the downlink direction the respective incoming signals are separated there then. Equally, the interface module 4 be equipped with a separate second interface 7, run on only the digital and / or analog signals of the essential communication channels and the communication unit. 13

p0051The interface module 4 may be an integrable part of the remote unit 1 or a Master Unit. 2 but it can also be designed as a separate add-on module, which is connected via respective lines to the remote unit 1 or the master unit the second The present case is connected to the second interface 7 and the cross band couplers 12th

p0052In <figref idrefs="f0002">FIG. 2</figref> schematically a Antennenverteilsystem represented 29 as it is to establish a communication within closed rooms, tunnels, vehicles, stadiums or generally used in a radio shadow. Given the Antennenverteilsystem 29 comprises a base station 30, the wire or connected wirelessly to a master unit. 2 The master unit 2 is disposed outside of the given location and exchanges data with arranged inside the location remote units 1,1 ', 1 ". The exchange takes place here via a respective common optical waveguide. Within the given location, the communication takes place between a mobile terminal 32 and the respective remote units 1 ', 1 ", 1' 'funk bound instead.

p0053The master unit 2 has to connect remote units 1,1 ', 1 "more Elektrooptokoppler 22 as they <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> have already been described. In<figref idrefs="f0002">FIG. 2</figref> are from top to bottom on this Elektrooptokoppler 22 two remote units 1, 1 (2) in series, two remote units 1 ', 1' (2) in a star shape, and a remote unit 1 "alone connected. All Remote Units 1,1 ', 1 "are connected to the master unit 2 via optical waveguides verbunden.Zur separation of the signals from and to the various remote units 1', 1", 1 "are provided in each optical divider 35th

p0054The Antennenverteilsystem shown 29 makes it possible to establish a radio communication in sufficient quality from the outside by radio hard to reach places. In the<figref idrefs="f0002">FIG. 2</figref> illustrated remote units 1,1 ', 1' 'are all in accordance with an interface module 4 <figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> equipped. The uplink communication takes place respectively via the second interface 7, in which all transmission signals are merged or separated, and are transmitted together via an optical waveguide. In the Elektrooptokopplem 22 of the master unit 2 incoming communication signals are separated accordingly. In particular, the communication signals of the mobile network to be separated and the usual processing, transmission, amplification etc. subjected. The transmission signals of the respective interface modules 4 from the remote units 1,1 ', 1 "are separated. For further processing and forwarding of these essential communication signals are in the master unit 2 respectively corresponding to Elektrooptpkopplem 22, 22`, 22" assigned, according<figref idrefs="f0001">Fig. 1</figref> constructed interfaces modules 4,4 ', 4 "are provided. via respective communication units 25 associated with local LAN interfaces 33, 33`, 33" will then communicate with a central control computer 34 instead. Here, the control computer are particularly digital baseband data including an IP address of each remote units 1,1 ', 1 "exchanged. 34 can in particular have a landline.

p0055One such configuration Antennenverteilsystem 29 makes it possible to utilize the advantages of a modern network architecture for the transmission of essential communication signals. <dl id="dl0002"><dt>1</dt><dd>Remote unit</dd><dt>2</dt><dd>Master Unit</dd><dt>4</dt><dd>Interface Module</dd><dt>6</dt><dd>first analog interface</dd><dt>7</dt><dd>second analog interface</dd><dt>9</dt><dd>signal path</dd><dt>10</dt><dd>signal path</dd><dt>11</dt><dd>Digital unit</dd><dt>12</dt><dd>Cross band coupler</dd><dt>13</dt><dd>communication unit</dd><dt>15</dt><dd>Digital converter units</dd><dt>16</dt><dd>Digital converter units</dd><dt>17</dt><dd>Digital circuit (FPGA)</dd><dt>18</dt><dd>prefilter</dd><dt>19</dt><dd>A / decoupling</dd><dt>20</dt><dd>amplifier unit</dd><dt>20 '</dt><dd>DPD amplifier</dd><dt>21</dt><dd>Elektrooptokoppler</dd><dt>22</dt><dd>Elektrooptokoppler</dd><dt>23</dt><dd>optical fiber</dd><dt>25</dt><dd>interface</dd><dt>25 '</dt><dd>interface</dd><dt>29</dt><dd>Antennenverteilsystem</dd><dt>30</dt><dd>base station</dd><dt>32</dt><dd>A mobile terminal</dd><dt>33</dt><dd>Local LAN connection</dd><dt>34</dt><dd>Central control computer with / without landline connection</dd><dt>35</dt><dd>Optical splitters</dd></dl>