Circuit arrangement for coupling an information device and a digital device to a local area network cable

<u>FIELD OF THE INVENTION</u>

The present invention relates to the field of common networks for data communication and telephony, and, more specifically, to the networking of telephone sets within a building over digitally oriented local area network wiring, simultaneously with the data transmission.

<u>BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION</u>

Small office and business environments commonly employ a multiplicity of work cells, each equipped with a telephone set and a computer. Two separate networks are usually employed for communication among the cells and between them and the outside world - a telephone network, connecting between the telephone sets and outside telephone lines, and a so-called local area network (LAN), connecting the computers among themselves and to outside network lines.

The term computer or personal computer will be understood to include a workstation or other data terminal equipment (DTE) or at least one digital device capable of inputting and outputting data, whereby each computer includes an interface for connection to a local area network (LAN), used for digital data transmission; any such device will also be referred to as a remote digital device. The term telephone set will be understood to include any device which can connect to a PSTN (<u>Public Switched</u> Telephone Network), using telephony band signals, such as fax machine, automatic answering machine or dial-up modem; any such device will also be referred to as a remote- or local telephone device.

Such an environment is depicted in <figref idref="f0001">Figs. 1a</figref> and <figref idref="f0002">1b</figref>, which show a typical small office/business configuration, requiring two separate and independent networks. <figref idref="f0001">Fig. 1a</figref> shows a telephony network <b>10</b> comprising a PABX (Private Automatic Branch Exchange) <b>11,</b> connected via lines <b>12a, 12b, 12c</b> and <b>12d</b> to telephone devices <b>13a, 13b, 13c</b> and <b>13d</b> respectively. The telephone are of the POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) type, requiring each of the connecting lines <b>12</b> to consist of a single pair of wires.

<figref idref="f0002">Fig. 1b</figref> shows a local area network (LAN) <b>15</b> for allowing communication between computers. Such a network comprises a hub (or switching hub) <b>16,</b> connected via lines <b>17a, 17b, 17c</b> and <b>17d</b> to computers <b>18a, 18b, 18c</b> and <b>18d</b> respectively. Popular types of LANs are based on the IEEE802.3 Ethernet standard, using 10BaseT or 100BaseTX interfaces and employing, for each connecting line <b>17,</b> two twisted pairs of wires - one pair for transmitting and one pair for receiving.

Installation and maintenance of two separate networks is complicated and expensive. It would therefore be advantageous, especially in new installations, to have a combined wiring network system that serves both telephony and data communication requirements.

One approach is to provide a LAN only, which serves for normal inter-computer communication, and make it serve also for telephony. One general method for this approach, in common usage today, utilizes so-called Voice-Over-Intemet-Protocol (VoIP) techniques. By such techniques, known in the art, telephone signals are digitized and carried as data in any existing LAN. Systems employing such techniques are, however, complex and expensive, and the quality of the voice carried by currently available technology is low.

Another, opposite approach is to utilize an existing telephone infrastructure for simultaneously serving as both telephone and data networking. In this way, the task of establishing a new local area network in a home or other building is simplified, because there are no additional wires to install.

<patcit id="pcit0001" dnum="US4766402A"><text>U.S. Patent 4,766,402 to Crane </text></patcit>teaches a way to form a LAN over two-wire telephone lines, but without the telephone service.

The concept of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is well-known in the art, and provides a means of splitting the inherent bandwidth of a wire into a low-frequency band, capable of carrying an analog telephony signal, and a high-fregueney band, capable of carrying data or other signals. Such a technique, sometimes referred to as 'data over voice', is described, for example, in <patcit id="pcit0002" dnum="US5896443A"><text>U.S. Patents 5,896,443</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0003" dnum="US4807225A"><text>4,807,225</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0004" dnum="US5960066A"><text>5,960,066</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0005" dnum="US4672605A"><text>4,672,605</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0006" dnum="US5930340A"><text>5,930,340</text></patcit>,<patcit id="pcit0007" dnum="US5025443A"><text> 5,025,443</text></patcit> and <patcit id="pcit0008" dnum="US4924492A"><text>4,924,492</text></patcit>. It is also widely used in xDSL systems, primarily Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL) systems.

A typical system employing FDM is illustrated in <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 2</figref>, which shows schematically a combined telephony/data network <b>20,</b> providing in this case connections to two work cells by means of corresponding two cables <b>12a</b> and <b>12b,</b> each comprising a single twisted pair of wires. The lower part of the spectrum of cable <b>12a</b> is isolated by Low Pass Filters (LPF) <b>22a</b> and <b>22b,</b> each connected to a respective end of the cable. Similarly, the higher part of the spectrum is isolated by respective High Pass Filters (HPF) <b>21a</b> and <b>21b.</b> The telephony network uses the lower spectrum part by connecting the telephone <b>13a</b> and the PABX <b>11</b> to the respective LPFs. In order to use the higher part of the spectrum for data communication, telephone-line modems <b>23a</b> and <b>23b</b> are respectively connected to the HPFs <b>21a</b> and <b>21b</b> at both cable ends. Hub <b>16</b> connects to modem <b>23a,</b> while, on the user side, modem <b>23b</b> connects to computer <b>18a,</b> thus offering connectivity between the computer and the hub. The spectrum of the other cable <b>12b</b> is similarly split and cable <b>12b</b> connects telephone set <b>13b</b> to PABX <b>11</b> via LPFs <b>22c</b> and <b>22d,</b> while computer <b>18b</b> connects to hub <b>16</b> via modem <b>23d,</b> coupled to HPF <b>21d,</b> and modem <b>23c,</b> coupled to HPF <b>21c.</b> Additional telephones <b>13</b> and computers <b>18</b> can be added in the same manner. This prior-art concept is disclosed in <patcit id="pcit0009" dnum="US4785448A"><text>U.S. Patent 4,785,448 to Reichert et al</text></patcit>. (hereinafter referred to as "Reichert") and <patcit id="pcit0010" dnum="US5841841A"><text>U.S. Patent 5,841,841 to Dodds et al</text></patcit>. (hereinafter referred to as "Dodds"). Both Reichert and Dodds suggest a method and apparatus for applying frequency domain/division multiplexing (FDM) technique for residential telephone wiring, enabling simultaneously carrying telephone and data communication signals, as described above.

Network <b>20,</b> employing an FDM method, typically requires two modems (such as <b>23a</b> and <b>23b</b> in <figref idref="f0003">Fig. 2</figref>) for each connected cell. Such modems are complex and expensive. In addition, the low communication quality of a typical telephone line, which was designed to carry low-frequency (telephony) signals only, limits both the data-rate and the distance of the data communication.

The concept of forming a phantom channel to serve as an additional path in a two wire-pairs communication system is known in the art of telephony, and disclosed in several patents, classified under U.S. Class 370/200. Commonly, such a phantom channel path is used to carry power to feed remote equipment or intermediate repeaters. In some prior-art systems, exemplified by<patcit id="pcit0011" dnum="US4173714A"><text> U.S Patents 4,173,714</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0012" dnum="US3975594A"><text>3,975,594</text></patcit>,<patcit id="pcit0013" dnum="US3806814A"><text> 3,806,814</text></patcit>, <patcit id="pcit0014" dnum="US6026078A"><text>6,026,078 </text></patcit>and <patcit id="pcit0015" dnum="US4937811A"><text>4,937,811</text></patcit>, the phantom channel is used to carry additional signals, such as mitering and other auxiliary signals. Thus, all such systems use the phantom channel only as means for helping the communication service over the main channels. None of the mentioned prior-art uses the phantom channel for carrying an additional communication type of service, or for functionally combining two distinct networks.

It would thus be desirable to allow a data networking system to simultaneously also provide telephone service without any additional wiring.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a circuit arrangement for coupling an information device and a digital device to a local area network cable, to provide a kit comprising first and second circuit arrangements and to provide a local area network for simultaneously carrying a two-way digital signal and an information signal. This object is achieved with the features of the claims.

The present invention allows a data networking system to simultaneously also provide telephone service without any additional wiring.

In accordance with a broad aspect of the invention, a communication network for providing simultaneous digital data- and analog telephone communication between a central location and at least one remote location comprises: <ul id="ul0001" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a central digital device,</li><li>a central telephone device and,</li><li>for each remote location - a remote digital device, a remote telephone device and a cable having a remote end at the respective remote location and a near end at the central location;</li><li>said cable including at least two pairs of conductors, each pair operative as a data channel for carrying data signals between said remote digital device and said central digital device and said at least two pairs cooperatively forming a phantom channel, operative to carry telephone signals between said remote telephone device and said central telephone device.</li></ul>

Conventional data network use a four-conductor circuit arrangement providing two communication channels between two units. For example, in a local area network based on Ethernet 10BaseT or 100BaseTX, two pairs of conductors are employed between a hub and DTE such as a computer. By means of the invention, POTS connection, such as between exchange and telephone apparatus, is accomplished simultaneously over the same four conductors used for the two communication channels without interference. The POTS service communication is accomplished via a phantom circuit arrangement over the four conductors.

Such configuration can be employed within small office or small business, wherein single wiring infrastructure is used for distributing both data and telephone signals from a central location, including a hub and an exchange to a remote station, each such station comprising a telephone unit and a data unit (e.g. desktop computer).

The present invention also provides a circuit arrangement wherein a cable that includes two twisted-conductor pairs provides both a two-way data communication channel for a connected computer and, simultaneously, a path for POTS signal to and from a connected telephone set, using the phantom channel method. In the preferred embodiment, the data communication channel consists of an Ethernet IEEE802.3 LAN channel and 10BaseT, or 100BaseTX, interfaces.

According to the invention, each two-conductor pair is terminate at each of its ends with a center tapped primary transformer winding (hereinafter cable-side winding), whereby each conductor of the pair is connected to a respective end of the cable side winding. Each winding is inductively coupled to a secondary winding (hereinafter referred to as equipment side winding), whose ends are connected to another pair of conductors that form the continuation channel for the data carrying signal, wherein the equipment side winding is connected to the data communication equipment. The center taps of each of the two primary winding at any end of the cable are connectable to the respective conductors of a telephone circuit, to carry the POTS signals. Thus, the two pairs of conductors at opposite ends of the cable, through the center taps of the respective primary transformer windings, form first and second connection of the two conductor phantom channel, which is used for carrying the telephone signal.

The invention can be implemented by means of two modules - one at each end of the two-conductor-pairs cable. Each module comprises two transformers, with a center-tap in the primary (cable side) winding. The module retains the two-pair data communication capability, while simultaneously including a phantom channel via the center-tap connections, for telephone service. The phantom channel can be accessed via a connector in the module. The module can be a stand-alone unit, or integrated within any unit in the network, such as a digital network hub, a telephone exchange, a server computer or telephone set. Alternatively, the module can be integrated within a wall outlet connected to one or both ends of the cable.

In another embodiment, the modules form a kit, which is used to upgrade an existing local area network to support telephone networking also.

The invention can be used in a small office or small business environment, which has a central location that comprises a telephone exchange and a digital network concentration unit (such as a hub, a switch or a router), connected to multiple remote work stations via LAN wiring.

Further aspects of the present invention are stated in the following items: <ol id="ol0001" ol-style=""><li><b>1.</b> A communication network (30) for providing simultaneous digital data- and analog telephone communication between a central location and at least one remote location, the communication network comprising: <ul id="ul0002" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a central digital device (16),</li><li>a central telephone device (11) and,</li><li>for each remote location - a remote digital device (18a), a remote telephone device (13a) and a cable having a remote end at the respective remote location and a near end at the central location;</li><li>said cable including at least two pairs of conductors (17al, 17a2), each pair operative as a data channels for carrying data signals between said remote digital device (18a) and said central digital device (16) and said at least two pairs cooperatively forming a phantom channel, operative to carry telephone signals between said remote telephone device (13a) and said central telephone device (11).</li></ul></li><li><b>2.</b> The network of item. 1, further comprising, for each remote location, two signal transformers (31a1, 31a2 and 31b1, 31b2) at each end of said cable, each signal transformer having a primary winding (35) and a secondary winding (36), the primary winding having a center-tap (37a1, 37a2 and 37b1, 37b2), wherein the two conductors of each of said pairs (17a1, 17a2) are connected at each of their ends to the ends of the primary winding of a corresponding one of said transformers and wherein: <ul id="ul0003" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>the ends of the respective secondary winding of each of said two transformers at the remote end of said cable are connected to the respective remote digital device (18a);</li><li>the ends of the respective second winding of each of said two transformer at the near end of said cable are connected to the central digital device (11);</li><li>said center-taps (37b1, 37b2) of each of said two transformers (31b1, 31b2) at the remote end of said cable cooperatively form a remote port of said phantom channel (38b) and are connected to the respective remote telephone device (13a); and</li><li>said center-taps (37a1, 37a2) of each of said two transformers (31a1, 31a2) at the near end of said cable cooperatively form a central port of said phantom channel (3 8 a) and are connected to the central telephone device (11).</li></ul></li><li><b>3.</b> The network of item 2, further comprising, for at least one remote location, a wall outlet, directly or indirectly attached to a wall and containing said two transformers for connecting to the remote end of said cable.</li><li><b>4.</b> The network of item 3, wherein said wall outlet is dimensioned to conform to an existing wall connector of a data communication network.</li><li><b>5.</b> The network of item 2, wherein, for at least one remote location, said two transformers at the remote end of said cable are directly or indirectly attached to, or housed inside, the respective remote digital device.</li><li><b>6.</b> The network of item 2, wherein, for at least one remote location, said two transformers at the remote end of said cable are directly or indirectly attached to, or housed inside, the respective remote telephone device.</li><li><b>7.</b> The network of item 2, wherein said transformers at the near ends of each cable are directly or indirectly attached to, or housed inside, the central digital device.</li><li><b>8.</b> The network of item 2, wherein said transformers at the near ends of each cable are directly or indirectly attached to, or housed inside, the central telephone device.</li><li><b>9.</b> The network of item 1, wherein each of said data channels conforms to the IEEE802.3 standard.</li><li><b>10.</b> A circuit for providing simultaneous data- and telephone communication between two locations, said circuit comprising: <ul id="ul0004" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a plurality of pairs of conductors (17a1, 17a2), opposite ends of each pair of conductors being at respective ones of the two locations and each pair operative as a respective data channel for carrying data signals between the two locations;</li><li>at least two (17a1, 17a2) of said pairs cooperatively forming at least one phantom channel (38a, 38b), operative to carry telephone signals between the two locations.</li></ul></li><li><b>11.</b> The circuit of item 10, further comprising a signal transformer (31a1, 31a2 and (31b1, 31b2) at each end of each of said at least two pairs of conductors, each signal transformer having a primary winding (35) and a secondary winding (36), the primary winding having a center-tap, wherein: <ul id="ul0005" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>said at least two pairs of conductors (17a1, 17a2) are connected at each of their ends to respective ends of the primary winding (35) of a respective signal transformer, and</li><li>respective ends of the secondary winding (36) of each of said signal transformers form connection points to a corresponding one of said data channels and said center-taps form connection points to a corresponding one of said at least one phantom channel.</li></ul></li><li><b>12.</b> The circuit of item 10, including at least two pairs of conductors and a single phantom.</li><li><b>13.</b> The circuit of item 10, wherein said plurality of pairs is N pairs and said at least one phantom channel is N-1 phantom channels.</li><li><b>14.</b> For a digital data communication network that comprises at least one cable between a first and a second location, each cable including at least two pairs of conductors (17a1, 17a2), each pair providing a data communication channel between respective digital devices (16, 18a) at the two locations - a kit for additionally and simultaneously providing, over said at least two pairs of conductors (17a1, 17a2) of any of the at least one cable, a telephone channel (38a, 38b) between respective telephone devices (11, 13a), said kit comprising at least two pairs of signal transformers (31a1, 31a2, 31b1 and 31b2), at least one pair for each end of the cable, and each having a primary winding (35) and a second winding (36), the primary winding (35) having a center-tap (37a1, 37a2 and 37b1, 37b2), wherein: <ul id="ul0006" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>respective ends of the primary winding of each of said signal transformers are adapted to be connected to a respective end of said pairs of conductors,</li><li>respective ends of the secondary winding of two of said signal transformers are adapted for connection to a remote digital device, and</li><li>respective center-taps of each of pair of signal transformers are adapted for connection to a respective telephone device.</li></ul></li><li><b>15</b>. The kit of item 14, wherein at least one pair of signal transformers is housed in a discrete module (32a, 32b).</li><li><b>16.</b> The kit of item 15, wherein the discrete module is packaged in a wall connector (40) which is directly or indirectly attachable to a surface of a building.</li><li><b>17.</b> The kit of item 15, wherein the wall connector is dimensioned to conform to an existing wall connector of a data communication network.</li><li><b>18.</b> The kit of item 15, wherein the wall connector (40) includes: <ul id="ul0007" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a first female connector (42) having at least two pairs of contacts and a second female (43) connector having at least one pair of contacts disposed proximate the first female connector,</li><li>at least one pair of signal transformers (31a1, 31a2 31b1 and 31b2), each having a primary winding (35) whose ends are adapted to be connected to respective conductor pairs (17a1, 17a2),</li><li>a secondary winding (36) of each signal transformer connected to a respective one of the pair of contacts of the first female connector, and</li><li>respective center-taps of each of the two primary windings (35) connected to a corresponding pair of the at least one pair of contacts in the second female connector.</li></ul></li><li><b>19.</b> The kit of item 18, wherein the wall connector is a substitute socket outlet.</li><li><b>20.</b> The kit of item 18, wherein the wall connector is a plug assembly (40) further including: <ul id="ul0008" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a plug (44) having at least two pairs of contacts each connected to the primary windings of a respective one of the signal transformers for removably coupling with a socket outlet of a data network.</li></ul></li><li><b>21.</b> A digital device, connectable to at least two pairs of conductors for conveying data therethrough to and from at least one other digital device, the digital device being also connectable to at least one local telephone device and operative to transmit signals between said at least one local telephone device and at least one other telephone device over said at least two pairs of conductors in a phantom channel mode.</li><li><b>22.</b> The digital device of item 21, comprising at least two signal transformers, each having a center-tapped primary winding, whose ends are connectable to a corresponding one of said pairs of conductors and whose center-tap is connectable to said at least one local telephone device.</li><li><b>23.</b> A combination outlet for pluggably connecting a digital device and a telephone device to respective ends of at least two conductor pairs so as to be able to simultaneously convey data signals to and from the digital device and telephone signals to and from the telephone device, the outlet comprising: <ul id="ul0009" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a first female connector (42) having at least two pairs of contacts and a second female (43) connector having at least one pair of contacts disposed proximate the first female connector,</li><li>at least one pair of signal transformers (31a1, 31a2 31b1 and 31b2), each having a primary winding (35) whose ends are adapted to be connected to respective conductor pairs (17a1, 17a2),</li><li>a secondary winding (36) of each signal transformer connected to a respective one of the pair of contacts of the first female connector, and</li><li>respective center-taps (37a1, 37a2 and 37b1, 37b2) of each of the two primary windings (35) connected to the pair of contacts in the second female connector.</li></ul></li><li><b>24.</b> The combination outlet of item 23, being dimensioned to conform to an existing wall connector of a data communication network.</li><li><b>25</b>. The combination outlet of item 23, being disposed within a plug assembly (40) further including: <ul id="ul0010" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>a plug (44) having at least two pairs of contacts each connected to the primary windings of a respective one of the signal transformers for removably coupling with a socket outlet of a data network.</li></ul></li><li><b>26.</b> A method for enabling a bundle of at least two pairs of conductors, which are normally operative to convey data between at least two digital devices, to also and simultaneously convey signals between at least two telephone devices, the method comprising: <ol id="ol0002" compact="compact" ol-style=""><li>(a) providing a first connection of a phantom channel in association with the at least two pairs of conductors at a first end thereof, and</li><li>(b) providing a second connection of a phantom channel in association with the at least two pairs of conductors at a second end thereof;</li></ol> thus allowing two telephone devices to be connected to the first and second phantom channels respectively.</li><li><b>27.</b> The method of item 26, wherein steps (a) and (b) comprise: <ul id="ul0011" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li>(i) inserting a first pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a first end of the cable, with respective ends of the primary windings connected to respective conductors of the cable; and</li><li>(ii) inserting a second pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a second end of the cable, with respective ends of the primary windings connected to respective conductors of the cable;</li></ul> thereby allowing respective secondary windings of each signal transformer to be connected to the digital devices and allowing the respective center-taps of the signal transformers to be connected to telephone equipment.</li></ol>

<u>BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS</u>

In order to understand the invention and to see how it may be carried out in practice, a preferred embodiment will now be described, by way of nonlimiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: <ul id="ul0012" list-style="none" compact="compact"><li><figref idref="f0001"><b>Figs. 1a</b></figref><b>and</b><figref idref="f0002"><b>1b</b></figref> show respectively a common prior art telephone and Local Area Network configuration as used within a small office or a small business;</li><li><figref idref="f0003"><b>Fig. 2</b></figref> shows a prior art telephone and local area networks using the telephone-wiring infrastructure;</li><li><figref idref="f0004"><b>Fig</b>. <b>3</b></figref> shows a combined telephone and data communication network according to the present invention;</li><li><figref idref="f0005"><b>Fig. 4</b></figref> shows schematically a data communications network having multiple phantom channels according to the present invention all sharing a common return;</li><li><figref idref="f0006"><b>Fig. 5a</b></figref> shows schematically a computer modified according to the invention for direct coupling to a telephone set;</li><li><figref idref="f0007"><b>Fig. 5b</b></figref> shows schematically a telephone set modified according to the invention for direct coupling to a computer;</li><li><figref idref="f0008"><b>Fig. 6</b></figref> shows modified wall outlet that adds a phantom channel telephone service to an existing data communication system according to the present invention; and</li><li><figref idref="f0009"><b>Figs. 7a to 7d</b></figref> show different views of an attachable wall plug connector that adds a phantom channel telephone service to an existing data communication system according to the present invention.</li></ul>

<u>DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION</u>

In the following description it is to be noted that the drawings and descriptions are conceptual only. In actual practice, a single component can implement one or more functions; alternatively, each function can be implemented by a plurality of components and circuits. In the drawings and descriptions, identical reference numerals are use to indicate those components that are common to different embodiments or configurations.

<figref idref="f0004">Fig. 3</figref> illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The network <b>30</b> is a part of an IEEE802.3 local area network, using 10BaseT interfaces. A hub <b>16,</b> defining a central location, is connected to a typical computer <b>18a</b> via a cable that includes two wire pairs <b>17a1</b> and <b>17a2.</b> Each pair is operative to carry data in one direction only, one pair, say <b>17a1,</b> carrying data from the hub <b>16</b> to the computer <b>18a,</b> while the other pair, <b>17a2,</b> carries data in the other direction. <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 3</figref> also shows a telephone set <b>13a,</b> associated with computer <b>18a</b> and preferably near it, and a telephone private automatic branch exchange (PABX) <b>11,</b> which is preferably also at the central location. The term hub is used herein to represent any digital network concentrating unit and may equally refer to a switching hub, a router, a server computer or to any digital device having multiple data ports; any of these being also referred to herein as a central digital device, Similarly, PABX is used herein to represent any type of central telephone switching unit and will also be referred to as a central telephone device.

According to the invention, a signal transformer is inserted at each end of each wire pair, whereby, for example, transformer <b>31a1</b> is inserted at the end of wire pair <b>17a1</b> that is near hub <b>16</b> and transformer <b>31b1</b> is inserted at the end of wire pair <b>17a1</b> that is near computer <b>18a</b>. Similarly, transformers <b>31a2</b> and <b>31b2</b> are inserted at the ends of wire pair <b>17a2</b> that are near hub <b>16</b> and computer <b>18a</b>, respectively. The signal transformers bearing the prefix <b>31</b> are designed so that the signal attenuation via these transformers is negligible. Hence, the performance of the data communication network is fully retained, and the hub <b>16</b> continues to communicate fully with the computer <b>18a</b> in the usual manner. Such transformer are known in the art and are often used in LANs, in order to meet isolation and common-mode rejection requirements, Commonly, such signal transformers are equipped with a primary winding and a secondary winding both being untapped coils. In the invention, each signal transformer bearing the prefix <b>31</b>, say <b>31a2</b> has a primary winding <b>35,</b> whose ends are connected to the respective wires of the cable, and a secondary winding <b>36,</b> whose ends are connected to the respective system component (hub <b>16</b> or computer <b>18a</b>).

However, unlike the conventional configuration for signal transformers, according to the present invention each primary winding <b>35</b> has a center-tap shown as <b>37a1</b> and <b>37a2</b>, for the two signal transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b>, respectively. PABX 11 is connected, via two respective wires <b>38a</b>, to the center-taps <b>37a1</b> and <b>37a2</b> of transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b>. Similarly, the telephone set <b>13a</b> is connected, via two respective wires <b>38b</b>, to the center-taps <b>37b1</b> and <b>37b2</b> of transformers <b>31b1</b> and <b>31b2,</b> respectively. In this configuration, the telephony signals are carried in a 'phantom' way together with the data communication signals, without any interference between the two. In practice, the hub side transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b> may be integrated to form a module <b>32a</b>, while the computer side transformers <b>31b1</b> and <b>31b2</b> may be integrated to form a module <b>32b</b>. While the network <b>30</b> has so far been described as supporting a single computer and a single telephone, additional work cells, each comprising a telephone and a computer can be supported, whereby each computer is connected with hub <b>16</b> through a corresponding two wire pairs cable, by inserting an additional set of modules <b>32a</b> and <b>32b</b> in each such cable.

While the invention has been described specifically for 10BaseT (10Mb/s) interfaces, the invention can be equally applied to 100BaseTX (100Mb/s) interfaces. Furthermore, the invention can be equally applied in any wired networking system using at least two wire pairs. Transformers can be used in all wired communication systems whose signals do not include direct current (DC) components. In systems that use four or more pairs of wires, such as those based on the evolving 100BaseTX Ethernet standard, each two pairs can be used to form a single phantom channel. Thus, four pairs can form two phantom channels, each carrying one POTS circuit, by terminating each pair with a transformer as described above. Alternatively and preferably, as shown in <figref idref="f0005">Fig. 4</figref>, three pairs <b>17a1, 17a2</b> and <b>17a3</b> can each form a phantom channel with the fourth pair <b>17a4,</b> which serves as the common return path. In this case, each telephone circuit <b>13a, 13b</b> and <b>13c</b> has one of its two wires connected to the center-tap <b>37b1</b>, <b>37b2</b> and <b>37b3</b> of the respective transformer <b>31b1</b>, <b>31b2</b> and <b>31b3</b> at the corresponding end of the respective pair and the other wire - to the center-tap <b>37b4</b> of the transformer <b>31b4</b> at the corresponding end of the common pair. More generally, with N pairs of conductors, each pair serving as a data channel, it is possible to similarly provide N-1 phantom channels for telephone service.

In the configuration shown in <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 3</figref> the modules <b>32a</b> and <b>32b</b> are stand-alone modules, mechanically separate from other component in the network. However, also other configurations are possible. For example, the hub side module <b>32a</b> can be integrated, fully or in part, within the hub <b>16</b>. In such a case, the hub's existing data connection-unit (such as a distribution frame - for connecting thereto all line pairs) is preferably substituted by one that includes module <b>32a</b>; in addition, a telephone connector is provided, for connecting all telephone lines (whose other ends are connected to their respective center taps in module <b>32a</b>) to the PABX. Alternatively, module <b>32a</b> can be similarly integrated within PABX <b>11</b>, whereby an appropriate connection with the hub is provided.

<figref idref="f0006">Fig. 5a</figref> shows schematically an arrangement where the computer side module <b>32b</b> is integrated, fully or in part, within the computer <b>18a</b>. Thus, the secondary windings <b>36</b> of the transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b> are connected to receiver and transmitter circuitry <b>39a</b> and <b>39b</b> within the computer <b>18a.</b> The ends of the primary windings <b>35</b> of the transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b> are connected to a standard socket outlet <b>40</b> for connecting to the network. The center-taps <b>37a1</b> and <b>37a2</b> are connected to a standard telephone outlet <b>41</b>, enabling connection thereto of a telephone set such as designated <b>13a</b> in <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 3</figref>.

<figref idref="f0007">Fig. 5b</figref> shows schematically the complementary arrangement where the module <b>32b</b> is integrated the telephone set <b>13a</b>. Thus, the secondary windings <b>36</b> of the transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b> are connected to a standard outlet <b>42</b> for connecting thereto a computer such as designated <b>18a</b> in <figref idref="f0004">Fig. 3</figref>. The ends of the primary windings <b>35</b> of the transformers <b>31a1</b> and <b>31a2</b> are connected to a standard socket outlet <b>43</b> for connecting to the network. The center-taps <b>37a1</b> and <b>37a2</b> are connected to telephone circuitry <b>44</b>, within the telephone set <b>13a</b>.

Alternatively, the computer side module <b>32b</b> can be integrated within a wall connector allowing direct or indirect connection to an existing wall socket outlet. Thus, such a wall connector can be constituted by a substitute wall socket having integrated therein a pair of signal transformers and two female outlets for connecting a computer and telephone thereto, respectively. Alternatively, the wall connector can be constituted by a plug connector having integrated therein a pair of signal transformers and two female outlets for connecting a computer and telephone thereto, respectively. Such a plug connector allows a computer and telephone to be connected to an existing wall socket outlet without requiring any modification thereto.

<figref idref="f0008">Fig. 6</figref> shows the faceplate of a modified socket outlet <b>45</b> according to the invention. Two conductor pairs are connected to the outlet at the rear (not shown in the Figure), connected to the primary windings of two signals transformer housed in it (not shown in the Figure). The secondary windings of the transformers are connected to RJ-45 data connector <b>46,</b> while the center taps are connected to the RJ-11 telephony connector <b>47.</b> Such an outlet is physically similar in size, shape, and overall appearance to a standard outlet, so that such an outlet can be substituted for a standard outlet in the building wall. No changes are required in the overall LAN line layout or configuration. Such an outlet can easily substitute an existing standard data outlet to thus additionally provide telephony support. Thus a conventional outlet has a single female connector having two pairs of wiper contacts connected to the respective twisted-wire pairs for data transmission and reception. A computer is plugged into such a conventional outlet via a single male connector (plug) having four pins: two for handling data transmission and two for handling data reception. On inserting the plug into the socket outlets, the pins brush against the wiper contacts in the socket outlet, thus establishing electrical connection between the two.

The invention allows for the conventional outlet to be replaced by a modified outlet having therein a pair of signal transformers, the ends of whose respective primary windings are adapted to be connected to the ends of a respective conductor pair in the network. The secondary winding of each signal transformer is connected internally to a respective pair of wiper contacts of a first female connector. Thus, the ends of both secondary windings are connected to first female connector by means of four wiper contacts in total. The respective center-taps of each of the two primary windings are connected to a pair of wiper contacts in a second female connector proximate the first female connector. Thus, a computer can be connected, via four pins of a suitable jack plug, to the first female connector, while a telephone can be connected, via two pins of a suitable jack plug to the second female connector. The two wire pairs <b>17a1</b> and <b>17a2</b> are routed and connected to such an outlet, which will now comprise two faceplate connectors - a data connector (e.g. RJ-45 for 10BaseT) and a telephone connector (e.g. RJ-11).

Such an implementation requires that the socket outlets in an existing data network be replaced by a modified outlet according to the invention. <figref idref="f0009">Figs. 7a to 7d</figref> show various views of a plug assembly <b>50</b> according to the invention for operation in 10BaseT or 100BaseTX environment that allows the invention to be implemented without requiring any modification to the data network or to the existing socket outlet. In use, the plug assembly <b>50</b> is plugged into a standard socket outlet and is retained therein by means of a latch <b>51.</b> The plug assembly <b>50</b> contains the module <b>32b</b> connected to separate data- and telephony socket outlets <b>52</b> and <b>53</b> in a similar manner to the modified socket outlet <b>45</b> described above with reference to <figref idref="f0008">Fig. 6</figref>. A standard RJ45 jack plug <b>54</b> is connected to the module <b>32b</b> for mating with the wall outlet when plugged into its socket. The jack plug <b>54</b> thus includes two pairs of pins each connected to the primary winding of a respective signal transformers within the module <b>32b.</b> The secondary windings of the two signal transformers are connected to respective wiper contacts in the data-telephony socket outlet <b>52.</b> The respective center-taps of each of the primary windings are connected to a pair of wiper contacts in the telephony socket outlet <b>53</b> proximate the data-telephony socket outlet <b>52.</b> Cables from the computer and the telephone set terminate in standard jack plugs that are plugged into the respective data- and telephony socket outlets <b>52</b> and <b>53</b> within the plug assembly <b>50</b>. Thus, the plug assembly <b>50</b> obviates the need for any changes to be made to the existing infrastructure.

As mentioned above, 10BaseT and 100BaseTX interfaces, as well as other data communication interfaces, often include signal transformers in the line connection circuitry, in order to meet isolation and common-mode rejection requirements. In such cases, additional transformers, though possible, are not required and the method of the present invention can be implemented by adding center-tap connections to the respective windings of the existing transformers and using them to form a phantom channel, to serve for telephone connection in the manner described above. Alternatively, the existing transformers can be substituted by ones with center-taps as specified above.

It is noted that, while a phantom channel has been known in the art, its use in the system and method disclosed herein is novel, because: <ol id="ol0003" ol-style=""><li><b>(a)</b> Local area networks (LANs) in general, and Ethernet networks in particular, currently do not employ phantom channels, nor is any configuration employing such channels specified in the IEEE802.3 standards; the concept is known in the realm of telephony only, which is very different from that of data communication LANs.</li><li><b>(b)</b> Using a phantom channel itself to carry POTS service is not know in the art; rather, phantom channels are used only to carry power to remote units and/or management- or control signals to support the main service that is provided by me two conductor pairs.</li></ol>

While the invention is described above relating to hub units, it is clear that any other multi-port data communication device can be used, such as switch, router or gateway.

The present invention also embraces a method for upgrading an existing local area network (LAN) installation that includes a two-conductor pair cable between two digital devices, to also and simultaneously convey signals between two telephone devices, the method comprising: <ol id="ol0004" compact="compact" ol-style=""><li><b>(a)</b> inserting a first pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a first end of the cable, with respective ends of the primary windings connected to respective conductors of the cable; and</li><li><b>(b)</b> inserting a second pair of signal transformers having center-tapped primary windings at a second end of the cable, with respective ends of the primary windings connected to respective conductors of the cable;</li></ol> thereby allowing respective secondary windings of each signal transformer to be connected to the digital devices and allowing the respective center-taps of the signal transformers to be connected to telephone equipment.

If the LAN already includes signal transformers that do not have center-taps, they are, in step <b>(a)</b> above, replaced by the specified transformers or, alternatively, a center-tap is added to each primary winding.

While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, it will be appreciated that many variations, modifications and other applications of the invention may be made.